JP2000240752A - Power transmission device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power transmission device excellent in operability allowing manual operation with a desired operational feeling without rotating a rotation shaft of an electric motor at the time of using an emergency function. SOLUTION: This power transmission device has a drive shaft 14 rotated by a drive force from an electric motor; an output shaft 18 connected to an outside output side; a second deceleration part 20 provided between the drive shaft 14 and the output shaft 18, for transmitting a rotation force of the drive shaft 14 to the output shaft 18; an engagement means 48 provided such that the engagement means 48 can engage with the second deceleration part 20; and a switching means 50 for switching between an engaging state and a disengaging state of the engagement means 48 to the second deceleration part 20. In the engaging state of the engagement means 48 with the second deceleration part 20, power transmission from the drive shaft 14 to the output shaft 18 is allowed. In the disengaging state, the power transmission from the drive shaft 14 to the output shaft 18 is released to allow rotation of the output shaft 18 from the outside output side.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power transmission device, and more particularly to a power transmission device that can be manually operated from an external output side.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In general,
As an automobile, an open-type open car is known, and such an open car is often provided with a foldable openable roof.

[0003] The openable and closable roof can be stored in a trunk room in an open state, and is normally opened and closed and stored in a trunk room by a power transmission device using an electric motor.

In this power transmission device, a driving force from an electric motor is transmitted by a power transmission means to an output shaft on an external output side for opening and closing a roof.

[0005] Further, there is also known an apparatus having an emergency function of reversing an output shaft to enable manual operation when an electric system fails or the like.

However, in such a power transmission device, when the manual operation is performed by the emergency function, the rotating shaft of the electric motor is also rotated from the output shaft. Becomes heavy, resulting in poor operability.

Further, since neither power transmission device has a self-locking function for holding the stop position when the rotation is stopped, a locking device is provided separately from the opening / closing mechanism of the opening / closing roof. Increases the cost and increases the size of the indoor space.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a power transmission device with good operability that enables manual operation with a desired operation feeling without rotating a rotating shaft of an electric motor when using an emergency function. It is in.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a self-locking function for holding a stop position when rotation stops, eliminating the need for a separate locking device, thereby reducing the number of parts, reducing costs, and effectively utilizing the indoor space. A power transmission device is provided.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, a drive shaft rotated by a driving force from a drive source, an output shaft connected to an external output side, A power transmission means provided between a shaft and the output shaft for transmitting a rotational force of the drive shaft to the output shaft; an engagement means provided to be engageable with the power transmission means; and the power transmission means. Switching means for switching between an engagement state and a non-engagement state of the engagement means with respect to the power transmission means. In the engagement state between the power transmission means and the engagement means, power can be transmitted from the drive shaft to the output shaft. In the non-engaged state, the transmission of power from the drive shaft to the output shaft is released to allow the output shaft to rotate from the external output side.

According to the present invention, power is reliably transmitted from the drive shaft to the output shaft when the engagement means is in the engaged state.
In the event of a failure of the electric system, for example, the switching means switches the engagement means to the disengaged state, thereby rotating the output shaft from the external output side without rotating the drive shaft, and performing manual operation with a desired operational feeling. It can be performed.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the drive shaft is capable of holding a stop position.

According to the present invention, the drive shaft has a self-locking function for holding the stop position, so that a separate locking device is not required, the number of parts can be reduced, the cost can be reduced, and the indoor space can be effectively used. In addition, an emergency function can also be provided.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the first or second aspect.
In the power transmission means, a sun gear provided on the drive shaft, a plurality of planetary gears that mesh with the sun gear to rotate the output shaft, and mesh with the plurality of planetary gears on the inner circumference. A ring gear made engageable by the engaging means.

According to the present invention, by using the planetary gear device as the power transmission means, the power transmission means can be miniaturized and the indoor space can be effectively used.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect, the engagement means is provided around a first engagement portion formed on an outer periphery of the ring gear and around the ring gear. A second engaging portion that engages with the first engaging portion.

According to the present invention, by engaging the first engagement portion on the outer periphery of the ring gear with the second engagement portion on the periphery of the ring gear, a simple structure can be achieved without taking up space. An engaging means can be constituted.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the first to fourth aspects, the switching means includes a cam for rotating and switching between an engaged state and a disengaged state of the engaging means. It is characterized by.

According to the present invention, the switching means can switch between the engaged state and the engaged state of the engaging means by the rotation of the cam, so that the structure can be simplified and the size can be reduced. .

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the fifth aspect, the drive source and the power transmission means are connected, and
It is characterized by having a connecting means forming a rotation axis of the cam.

According to the present invention, the connection means also serves as the connection between the drive source and the power transmission means and the rotation axis of the cam.
It is possible to further reduce the size.

[0022]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 1 to 8 are views showing an actuator of an open / close roof for an open car to which a power transmission device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied.

The actuator 10 includes an electric motor 12 as a drive source, a first reduction unit 16 for reducing the driving force from the electric motor 12 and transmitting the reduced drive force to a drive shaft 14 as a drive shaft shown in FIG. And a second reduction section 20 as a power transmission means for further reducing the output of the drive shaft 14 and transmitting the output to an output shaft 18 connected to the external output side.

As shown in FIG. 3, the electric motor 12 has a worm shaft 22 as an output shaft, and the worm shaft 22 is arranged in a first gear housing 24.

The first reduction section 16 includes a helical gear 26 meshed with the worm shaft 22 in the first gear housing 24.
The helical gear 26 has a first gear housing 2
4 is connected to the drive shaft 14 through a rubber cushion 28 and a gear connection 30 provided in the drive shaft 4.

One end of the drive shaft 14 is inserted into the first gear housing 24 and is rotatably supported by the first gear housing 24, and the other end of the drive shaft 14 is secondly decelerated from the first gear housing 24. It protrudes to the part 20 side.

A first gear cover 32 is attached to the first gear housing 24 on the side opposite to the second reduction portion 20, and the first gear cover 32 allows the drive shaft 14 and the helical gear 26 , Rubber cushion 28
In addition, the position of the gear connection 30 in the thrust direction is regulated.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the electric motor 12 is
4 and a nut 36.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the first gear housing 24 is provided with a rotation sensor 38 for detecting the number of rotations of the electric motor 12.
Thereby, the movement position of the opening / closing roof can be detected.

As described above, the first reduction section 16 is connected to the worm shaft 2 by the drive shaft 14 via the helical gear 26.
Therefore, even if the drive shaft 14 is to be reversely rotated at the rotation stop position, the drive shaft 14 cannot reversely rotate, and has a self-locking function for holding the position at the rotation stop position.

The second reduction unit 20 has a planetary gear unit, and has a sun gear 4 in a second gear housing 40.
2, a plurality of, for example, four planetary gears 44;
6, the output shaft 18, the engagement means 48, and the switching means 50.

The second gear housing 40 is connected to the first gear housing 24 by bolts 52 and 54 while receiving the drive shaft 14 protruding from the first gear housing 24.

As described above, by forming the first reduction section 16 and the second reduction section 20 separately, it is possible to easily cope with a change in the mounting shape of the unit and addition of variations.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the sun gear 42 projects from the first gear housing 24 and is formed integrally with the outer peripheral surface of the drive shaft 14 in the second gear housing 40.

The output shaft 18 is provided on the second gear housing 40 via a bearing 56 so as to be rotatable coaxially with the sun gear 42 and has one end protruding from the second gear housing 40. .

Each of the planetary gears 44 is rotatable by a plurality of, for example, four support pins 58 provided integrally with the output shaft 18 at a position shifted from the axis of the output shaft 18 at one axial end of the output shaft 18. , And meshes with the sun gear 42 on the outer periphery of the drive shaft 14 to rotate the output shaft 18 via the support pin 58.

The ring gear 46 meshes with the respective planet gears 44 on the inner circumference, and is slidable in the rotation direction in the second gear housing 40.

The annular gear 46 is made engageable by an engaging means 48, and is fixed within the second gear housing 40 when engaged by the engaging means 48, and is released when disengaged. It is rotatable inside.

A clutch 60 is provided around the ring gear 46 as shown in FIGS.

The clutch 60 is engaged with a part of the outer peripheral surface of the ring gear 46, and applies a predetermined load in the radial direction of the ring gear 46.

The clutch 60 may be a rubber damper or a ratchet that can be engaged with the outer peripheral surface of the ring gear 46.

The positions of the output shaft 18, the planetary gears 44, the ring gear 46, and the clutch 60 in the thrust direction are regulated by the second gear cover 62.

The engagement means 48 includes a toothed portion 64 as a first engagement portion formed over the entire outer peripheral surface of the ring gear 46.
And a rack member 68 as a second engaging portion which has a tooth profile 66 corresponding to the tooth profile 64 on the outer peripheral surface of the annular gear 46 on the opposing surface and is disposed around the annular gear 46. I have.

The rack member 68 has one end rotatably attached to the second gear housing 40 by means of a pin 70 and the other end swinging by means of the switching means 50, so that the tooth profile of the outer peripheral surface of the ring gear 46 is formed. It can be engaged with and released from the portion 64.

The shapes of the tooth profiles 64 and 66 are trapezoidal,
Various shapes such as a triangular shape or a waveform can be adopted.

The switching means 50 has a cam 72 disposed at a position facing the ring gear 46 with the rack member 68 interposed therebetween.

The cam 72 has on its side a pressing surface 74 for pressing the rack member 68 against the ring gear 46 and a pressing releasing surface 76 for releasing the pressing force. It is rotatably mounted and, as shown in FIG.
Positioning is performed by 0.

The distal end of the bolt 52 has a smaller diameter than the whole, and is formed with a male screw portion 52a.

The electric motor 12 extends into a female screw portion 24a formed in the first gear housing 24, and is screwed with the female screw portion 24a.

That is, the bolt 52 forms the rotation axis of the cam 72, and the cam 72, the second gear housing 40
And the first gear housing 24 integrally.

Therefore, the cam 7 is connected by the connecting means.
2, the second reduction section 20 and the electric motor 12 are connected.

As described above, by using the bolt 52 for both the mounting of the second gear housing 40 and the mounting of the cam 72, a reduction in size can be achieved.

The pin 78 is urged rightward in FIG. 3 by a spring 80, and its tip is engaged with engaging holes 79a and 79b formed in the cam 72 shown in FIGS.

The engaging holes 79a and 79b are formed in a conical shape, are formed at a predetermined interval behind a guide groove 81 formed in an arc shape on the end surface of the cam 72, and are formed with the rack member 68. The pin 78 can be engaged with the pin 78 at the engagement position and the disengagement position with the ring gear 46. By forcibly rotating the cam 72, the pin 78 engages the engagement hole against the urging force of the spring 80. It escapes from 79a, moves relatively along the guide groove 81, and can be engaged with the engagement hole 79b.

As shown in FIG. 8, a semicircular engaging hole 83 is used instead of the conical engaging holes 79a and 79b.
By doing so, it is also possible to easily pull out the pin 78 from the engagement hole 83.

Further, the cam 72 and the rack member 68
They are connected by a spring 82.

Instead of the spring 82, an elastic member such as rubber can be adopted.

Further, a hexagonal hole 84 is provided on the end face of the cam 72.
The cam 72 is rotated by inserting a hexagon wrench or the like, so that the tooth profile 64 of the rack member 68 and the tooth profile 66 of the ring gear 46 can be engaged and disengaged.

Next, the operation state of the actuator 10 will be described.

First, when opening the opening / closing roof, the cam 8 of the switching means 50 is not rotated and the spring 8
2, the cam 72
The pressing surface 74 presses the rack member 68 to maintain the state in which the rack member 68 and the ring gear 46 are engaged (see FIG. 4).

This state is maintained by the engagement between the pin 78 and the engagement hole 79a.

In this state, when the electric motor 12 is rotated in the opening direction of the opening / closing roof, the driving force of the electric motor 12 is transmitted via the worm shaft 22, the helical gear 26, the rubber cushion 28 and the gear connection 30. The power is transmitted to the drive shaft 14 in a decelerated state.

Next, the rotational force transmitted to the drive shaft 14 is transmitted from the sun gear 42 of the drive shaft 14 to the planetary gear 44, and the planetary gear 44
2 and the ring gear 46, revolve around the sun gear 42 while rotating, and transmit to the output shaft 18 via the support pin 58 while decelerating, and transmit to the external output side to open and close the roof. Is performed.

When the electric motor 12 is stopped with the opening / closing roof completely open, the ring gear 46
8 and is in a fixed state, and the drive shaft 14 is connected to the worm shaft 22 via the helical gear 26.
As a result, a self-locking state is established, and the locking state can be automatically maintained without a separate locking device, thereby reducing the number of components, reducing costs, and effectively utilizing the indoor space.

When the electric motor 12 is rotated in the closing direction of the opening / closing roof, the locked state can be automatically maintained in the closed state. .

Next, in the case of failure of the electric system, a hex wrench or the like is inserted into the hex hole 84 of the cam 72 from the state shown in FIG. When the cam 72 is rotated clockwise, the pressing release surface 76 of the cam 72 faces the rack member 68 and the spring 8
2, the rack member 68 is pulled in the direction away from the ring gear 46, and the engagement between the tooth profiles 64, 66 is released.

In this case, the rotation of the cam 72 causes the pin 78 to be disengaged from the engaging hole 79a in the normal state, and the cam 72 to rotate, and the pin 78 engages with the engaging hole 79b in the emergency state to change the state. Will be maintained.

In this state, the ring gear 46 is freely rotatable, and the drive shaft 14
8 is released.

Therefore, even when the drive shaft 18 is locked, the output shaft 18 is connected to the ring gear 46.
The opening and closing roof can be freely opened and closed by manual operation by the rotation of, and the emergency function can be easily obtained.

Further, during manual operation, the electric motor 12
Can be performed without rotating, so that operation can be performed with a desired operation feeling.

Since a predetermined load is applied to the outer peripheral surface of the ring gear 46 by the clutch 60, careless rotation of the ring gear 46 other than manual operation is prevented.

For example, when used in a roof opening / closing actuator of an automobile, a sudden fall of the roof can be prevented.

After the manual operation is completed, a hexagon wrench or the like is rotated in the opposite direction (counterclockwise) to
If the pressing surface 74 of the cam 72 presses the rack member 68, the tooth profiles 64 and 66 can be reliably engaged with each other.

In this state, the pin 78 is disengaged from the engaging hole 79b at the time of emergency and engages with the engaging hole 79a at the time of normal operation to maintain that state.

In this case, since the cam 72 and the rack member 68 are connected by the spring 82, the engagement state of the cam 72 and the rack member 68 is released by interlocking with the movement of the cam 72 regardless of the top and bottom. can do.

Further, by increasing the pressure angle of the tooth profile portions 64 and 66 or adding a radius to the cutting edge, the engagement of the tooth profile portions 64 and 66 at the time of return can be further ensured.

FIGS. 9 to 11 show another embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, FIGS. 6 and 7
7, a guide member 92 having a plurality of locking portions 90 is provided around the cam 72 at a predetermined angle.

The cam 72 has, at the end thereof, a projection 94 which can be engaged with the locking portion 90, and is engaged with the cam 72 in the rotational direction so as to be integrally rotatable. 8
As shown in FIG. 8, an operation member 100 having an operation hole 98 urged by a spring 96 in a direction in which the projection 94 engages with the locking portion 90 is provided.

Then, as shown in FIG. 10, for example, a tool is inserted into the operation hole 98 of the operation member 100 with the protrusion 94 engaged with one of the locking portions 90, and the operation member 1 is inserted.
00, and once the engagement state between the protrusion 94 and the locking portion 90 is released, the operating member 100 is rotated counterclockwise, for example, as shown in FIG. Is released, and the engagement between the rack member 68 and the ring gear 46 can be released by engaging the projection 94 with the other locking portion 90.

Conversely, when the rack member 68 and the ring gear 46 are brought into the engaged state, the operation can be performed in the reverse manner as described above.

The other structure and operation are the same as those of the above-described embodiment, and the description is omitted.

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing still another embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, a mounting piece 102 is provided on the side surface of the cam 72, and the operating wire 10 is attached to the mounting piece 102.
4 by pulling the operation wire 104 in the direction of the arrow in the figure to rotate the cam 72, for example, to allow the engagement state between the rack member 68 and the ring gear 46 to be released. The engagement state can be returned by releasing the pulling force of the wire 104.

The other configuration and operation are the same as those of the above-described embodiment, and the description is omitted.

FIG. 13 is a diagram showing still another embodiment of the present invention.

In this embodiment, on the side of the cam 72,
An insertion operation unit 106 is provided.
6, a cam 72 is rotated in, for example, the direction of an arrow in the figure to apply a pulling force to the spring 108.
6, the cam 72 can be rotated in the reverse direction to release the pulling force and return to the engaged state.

The other configurations and operations are the same as those of the above-described embodiment, and the description is omitted.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention.

For example, in each of the above embodiments, an example in which the power unit of the present invention is applied to an actuator of an open / close roof for an open car has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this example. The present invention can be applied to various power transmission devices as long as the power transmission device can have a lock function and a manual emergency function.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an actuator of an open / close roof for an open car to which a power transmission device according to one embodiment of the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing a state where a second gear housing of FIG. 1 is removed.

FIG. 3 is a side view as viewed from a left direction in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a partial front view showing an engagement state between an annular gear and a rack member.

FIG. 5 is a partial front view showing a disengaged state between the ring gear and the rack member.

FIG. 6 is a sectional view of a cam showing an engagement hole.

FIG. 7 is a side view as viewed from the left side of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is a sectional view of the cam showing another state of the engagement hole.

FIG. 9 is a front view of a switching unit according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a side view of FIG. 9;

11 is a sectional view of the operation member of FIG.

FIG. 12 is a front view of a switching unit according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a front view of a switching unit according to still another embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 0 Actuator 12 Electric Motor 14 Drive Shaft as Drive Shaft 18 Output Shaft 20 Second Reduction Unit as Power Transmission Means 42 Sun Gear 44 Planetary Gear 46 Ring Gear 48 Engaging Means 50 Switching Means 68 Rack Member 72 Cam

Claims (6)

[Claims] A driving shaft that is rotated by a driving force from a driving source; an output shaft connected to an external output side; and a driving force provided between the driving shaft and the output shaft. Power transmission means for transmitting to an output shaft, engagement means provided to be able to engage with the power transmission means, and switching means for switching between an engagement state and an unengagement state of the engagement means with the power transmission means When the power transmission means and the engagement means are engaged with each other, power can be transmitted from the drive shaft to the output shaft, and when not engaged, power transmission from the drive shaft to the output shaft is released. A power transmission device wherein the output shaft is rotatable from an external output side. 2. The power transmission device according to claim 1, wherein the drive shaft is capable of holding a stop position. 3. The power transmission means includes: a sun gear provided on the drive shaft; a plurality of planetary gears meshing with the sun gear to rotate the output shaft; and a plurality of planetary gears on an inner periphery. The power transmission device according to claim 1, further comprising an annular gear that meshes with the engagement gear and is made engageable by the engagement means. 4. The first engaging portion formed on an outer periphery of the ring gear and a first engaging portion disposed around the ring gear and engaged with the first engaging portion. The power transmission device according to claim 3, comprising two engagement portions. 5. The switching device according to claim 1, wherein the switching device includes a cam that rotates and switches between an engaged state and a disengaged state of the engaging means. Power transmission device. 6. The power transmission device according to claim 5, further comprising a connection unit that connects the drive source and the power transmission unit and forms a rotation axis of the cam.