JP2000237719A - Moisture detection mechanism of garbage treating machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To surely obtain overall moisture data, to adequately execute drying and to obtain approximately uniform compost by arranging plural moisture sensors in a fermentation tank of a garbage treating machine having the fermentation tank for subjecting the crude refuse discharged from a kitchen for home, etc., to a fermentation decomposition treatment and detecting the moisture at plural points. SOLUTION: This garbage treating machine is constituted to have the fermentation tank 1 and a recovery tray, exhaust part, etc., in a casing. A heater is stuck to the outer peripheral surface in the lower part of the fermentation tank 1. This heater and air quantity regulating means are controlled by a controller according to the output of a temperature sensor and the moisture sensors 87. The moisture sensors 87 are installed at plural points around the fermentation tank 1 and at this time, the respective moisture sensors 87 are arranged with plural detectors 87a and 87b so as to be paired in a diagonal direction. The moisture is detected in a wide range within the fermentation tank 1 and the average value of the detected values is obtained. The heater and exhaust fan are regulated in compliance with these values, by which the inside of the fermentation tank 1 is maintained in the state suitable for fermentation and the adequate compost is obtained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a structure for accurately detecting moisture in a fermenter for fermenting and decomposing garbage discharged from a home kitchen or the like in an environment suitable for fermentation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional technology related to a household garbage fermentation / decomposition processor is well known. The fermentation decomposition was performed while maintaining the amount. In this fermenter, a stirring claw shaft for performing agitation and crushing treatment is supported, and a heater as a heating means is provided outside the fermenter to apply a temperature necessary for fermentation. Open the intake and exhaust ports and drive a fan or the like as an exhaust means to introduce outside air into the fermenter, supply oxygen necessary for fermentation, exhaust gas generated during fermentation, It is configured to also discharge moisture evaporated from the water. The set temperature of the heating means, the amount of exhaust air by the exhaust means, and the driving means of the stirring claw shaft are controlled based on the values detected by the temperature detecting means and the moisture detecting means provided in the fermenter, and the inside of the fermenter is kept constant. Techniques for composting by maintaining temperature, moisture and oxygen content to promote fermentation decomposition treatment have been known.

[0003]

However, in the conventional garbage fermentation / decomposition processor, the detecting means for detecting the moisture in the contents is configured to detect a part of the contents in the fermenter. When raw garbage with a high water content is introduced into the fermenter, a high-moisture portion and a low-moisture portion occur, and when moisture in a high-moisture portion is detected, the temperature in the fermenter increases, resulting in overdrying. In some cases, when a portion having a small amount of water is detected, drying may not be performed sufficiently, and a large amount of water may be discharged without sufficient fermentation.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a means for detecting moisture in a fermenter,
In a garbage disposer having a heating means for heating a fermenter, an air volume adjusting means for intake and exhaust, and a means for controlling these in accordance with the moisture, a plurality of moisture sensors are arranged in the fermenter. And water are detected at a plurality of locations. Further, the moisture sensor comprises a pair of detectors, and a plurality of pairs of detectors are arranged diagonally opposite to the outside of the fermenter.

[0005]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The problems and configurations to be solved by the present invention are as described above. Next, embodiments of the present invention shown in the accompanying drawings will be described. FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a garbage disposal machine,
2 is a left side sectional view, FIG. 3 is a right side sectional view, FIG. 4 is a block diagram for automatically controlling an exhaust fan, a heater, a deodorizing device, and the like, and FIG. 5 is a moisture sensor for detecting moisture in the fermenter. FIG. 6 is a plan view showing the configuration of the installation, FIG.
7 is a front view of the deodorizing case, FIG. 8 is a partial plan view of the deodorizing case, and FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of a deodorizing device and a deodorizing introduction pipe in the deodorizing case.

The overall configuration of the garbage disposal machine of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The garbage disposal machine 9 includes a U-shaped fermenter 1 in a casing 10 for fermenting garbage in a side view, and a collecting tray disposed below the garbage for collecting the final residue processed by the fermenter 1. 29 and the fermenter 1
And an exhaust unit 20 for exhausting the odor generated from the garbage to be processed by the garbage.

The casing 10 is formed of a synthetic resin,
Side walls and front and rear walls are erected on the left and right and front and rear ends of a bottom portion 10c serving as a base, and the upper portion of the casing 10 is fitted and mounted on the upper end thereof to form a rectangular box. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the upper central portion of the casing 10 is a garbage input port 10a and is closed by an input lid 12, and the input lid 12 is pivotally supported on a rear side edge so as to be freely openable and closable in the vertical direction. An operation panel 13 is attached to the upper surface of the casing 10 so that operations such as start and stop of the fermentation and pulverization process can be performed. A controller 80 is housed in the operation panel 13 and controls the environment in the fermenter 1 so as to maintain a state suitable for fermentation as described later.

As shown in FIG. 1, a pair of left and right support stands 56 is provided at the bottom 10c of the casing 10.
The bosses 14 are mounted on the support stands 56 at the center of the upper part of the support stand 56. The boss 14
An agitating claw shaft 19 is rotatably inserted and supported in 14.

A front wall 10 at the front of the casing 10 is provided.
b, an outlet 10d is opened on the left side of the lower part, and is detachably covered with the discharge door 16, and the discharge door 16 is removed, and the collection tray 29 for collecting the processed material is drawn from the discharge port 1b at the lower part of the fermenter 1. I'm trying to get it out.

The fermenter 1 is, as shown in FIGS.
It is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape and long in the axial direction of the stirring claw shaft 19 to increase the internal volume. The fermenter 1 is formed in a U-shape in a side view, and the stirring claw shaft 19 is inserted in the center of a lower semicircular portion in the left-right direction. A plurality of claws 18, 18... Are implanted in the horizontal direction on the stirring claw shaft 19 at predetermined intervals and shifted by a predetermined angle. The bottom of the fermenter 1 is positioned at the bottom of the fermenter 1 so that the shapes of the fermenter 1 and the fermenter 1 are substantially the same so that the stirring is sufficiently performed.

A discharge port 1b is opened at the lower left portion of the fermenter 1, and a guide plate 31 having an opening having substantially the same shape as the discharge port 1b is provided horizontally below the discharge port 1b. A shutter 30 is arranged so as to be slidable back and forth on 31. When the shutter 30 is slid backward, the discharge port 1b is closed, and when the shutter 31 is slid forward, the discharge port 1b is opened, so that a processed material can be put into the collection tray 29 below the discharge port 1b.

An overflow hole 1g is opened in the upper part of the left side surface of the fermenter 1, and when a certain amount of processed material is accumulated, it is dropped onto a collection tray 29 via a shooter (not shown). Garbage can be continuously fed to

An upper portion of the fermenter 1 is opened to form an input port 1e, and a garbage input port 10a formed in the upper portion of the casing 10 is provided substantially at the center of the front and rear and left and right of the input port 1e.
Is inserted. Insert the garbage input port 10a into the input lid 12
When the fermenter 1 is closed, the fermenter 1 is sealed, so that heat in the fermenter 1 is not escaped, an environment suitable for fermentation is maintained, and odor does not leak.

In the upper part of the side surface of the fermenter 1, an inlet 1h capable of sucking outside air is opened. As shown in FIG. 2, shielding plates 95 are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the casing 10 on the left side of the suction port 1h.
The lower part 95 is located just above the rear part of the collection tray 29. In this way, the space surrounded by the shielding plates 95, the casing 10, and the left side surface of the fermenter 1 is a duct communicating between the inlet 1h and the rear portion of the tray 29. Also, a shield plate is provided on the side of the collection tray 29 so that outside air passes above the collection tray 29, so that the collection tray 29 and the fermenter 1 do not leak air. The lower surface of the fermenter 1 is closed by a shutter 30.

An exhaust port 1 a is provided on the side opposite to the intake port 1 h and connected to the exhaust section 20. The exhaust part 2
Reference numeral 0 denotes an exhaust fan 21 which is screwed and fixed to the side surface of the fermenter 1 outside the exhaust port 1a, and an exhaust made of rubber, resin, or the like connected to a discharge port directed downward from the exhaust fan 21. It is composed of a duct 22. The lower end of the exhaust duct 22 is fitted to the upper part of an exhaust pipe 23 provided on the lower casing bottom 10c.

Therefore, when the exhaust fan 21 is driven, air flows from the front of the collection tray 29 to the rear through the duct-like space surrounded by the shielding plates 95 at the suction port 1h. This flow dries the processed material collected by overflow or the like. Also, the shielding plate 95
By providing a duct surrounded by 95 or the like, the flow of air to the suction port 1h is adjusted, and the air intake performance is improved.

The outside air introduced from the inlet 1h allows air (oxygen) to spread over the upper surface of the processed material in the fermenter 1 and the gas generated during the fermentation and the moisture in the processed material to flow through the air. When the garbage disposer 9 is placed on the deodorizing case 63, the garbage disposer 9 is sucked by the exhaust fan 21 from the exhaust port 1a and exhausted to the outside of the garbage disposal machine 9 from the exhaust pipe 23 below the exhaust unit 20. Removes the odor through the deodorizing device 62 and exhausts it to the outside.

A motor 43 as a driving means of the agitating claw shaft 19 is screwed and fixed to the inner surface of the lower right support stand 56. The motor 43 is composed of a motor that can be driven forward and reverse, and an output shaft 43 of the motor 43.
a penetrates the support stand 56 and projects to the right,
A drive sprocket 40 is fixed to the end of the output shaft 43a, and a driven sprocket 41 is fixed to the right end of the stirring claw shaft 19, so that the drive sprocket 40 and the driven sprocket 41 are fixed.
The power is transmitted by winding a chain 42 between them. The drive switch of the motor 43 is connected to the controller 80 and is driven according to the set rotation pattern to intermittently drive the agitating claw shaft 19 forward and reverse to remove garbage with the claw 18, 18. Stir and further pulverize.

A planar heater 44 as a heating means is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the lower part of the fermenter 1.
The controller 80 controls the temperature by the controller 80, and heats the processed material in the fermenter 1 to promote fermentation.

Further, as shown in FIG.
And an exhaust fan 21 serving as an air volume adjusting means, a motor 43
Are connected to the controller 80.
Are connected to a temperature sensor 82 fixed to the fermenter 1 as means for detecting the internal temperature, and moisture sensors 87, 87... The temperature sensor 86 and the moisture sensors 87
The temperature of the fermenter 1 and the water content of the fermenter 1 are suitable for fermentation by controlling the heating of the heater 44, the amount of exhaust air from the exhaust fan 21 and the rotation pattern of the stirring claw shaft 19 based on the detected values of. It is adjusted to keep it in a state.

As the moisture sensor 87, a sensor that senses a change in resistance as a change in the amount of moisture, a sensor that senses a change in attenuation of electromagnetic waves between two points, or a change in the amount of moisture between two points, or the like is used. In the present invention, a pair of detectors 87a and 87
The structure is such that the amount of water (moisture) between two points separated by b is detected, and the water sensor 87 is installed at a plurality of locations around the fermenter 1.

As shown in FIG. 5, the installation positions are on the AA 'line parallel to the stirring claw shaft 19, on the BB' line, on the CC 'line perpendicular to the stirring claw shaft 19, and on the D- On the D 'line, E-
A plurality of detectors 87a and 87a are arranged on the line E 'and sense the moisture sensor 87 so as to form a pair in a diagonal direction.
· 87b · 87b · · · are arranged. However, the number of the moisture sensors is not limited, and the moisture sensors can be disposed on the left and right sides, the front and rear sides, or the upper and lower sides of the fermenter 1.

For example, in the detectors 87a, 87a ', 87b, 87b' arranged on the left and right side surfaces, A-
The water between B ′ and BA ′ is detected. If the detectors 87a and 87a 'are the same, moisture between A and A', which is the shortest distance, will be detected. Similarly, detectors 87a and 8 are disposed opposite to the front and rear surfaces of the fermenter 1.
7-87a-87b-87b-87b also has C-
E ', DC', and ED 'are detected in the same diagonal direction.

With such a configuration, it is possible to detect moisture at a plurality of locations in the width direction and the depth direction of the fermenter 1, and conventionally, a pair or one moisture sensor was used to detect the moisture. 1 was configured so as to detect a part of the water which was biased, so that it was not possible to detect an accurate value if the water in the contents was non-uniform. By detecting over a wide range in the tank 1 and averaging these detection values, the water content in the fermentation tank 1 does not become an extreme value even when garbage with a high moisture content is added. In addition, by adjusting the temperature of the heater 44 and adjusting the exhaust air volume of the exhaust fan 21, overdrying and excessive moisture can be prevented, and the fermenter 1 can be maintained in a state suitable for fermentation. Is obtained.

In FIGS. 1, 2 and 3, an inexpensive garbage disposal machine 9 is provided without using the deodorizing device 62. However, as shown in FIG. By providing the deodorizing case 63 on which the exhaust gas 9 can be placed, it is possible to provide a functional configuration for deodorizing and exhausting exhaust gas.

The deodorizing case 63 has a rectangular box shape substantially equal to the left and right sides and the depth of the garbage disposal 9 (casing 10), and is attached to the lower portion of the casing 10. The deodorizing case 63 is formed in a box shape by a steel plate. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, a plurality of vertically elongated air holes 63a, 63a,. I have. In addition, a partition plate 75 is provided upright in the deodorizing case 63, the inside of the deodorizing case 63 is partitioned into right and left, a deodorizing device 62 is housed in a left space, and a space on the right is an exhaust air flow path.

A deodorizing introduction pipe 64 is provided at the rear of the deodorizing device 62.
And a rear portion of the deodorization introduction pipe 64 is protruded upward from the deodorization case 63 as shown in FIGS.
The casing is communicated with the exhaust pipe 23 projecting downward, and can be connected only by placing the casing 10 on the deodorizing case 63.

The lower part of the deodorization introduction pipe 64 is branched in two directions in different directions in the horizontal direction, one of which is a connection pipe 64a connected to the deodorization device 62, and the other is enlarged in diameter and directed forward. The exhaust pipe 64b. The exhaust pipe 64b is located in the right space partitioned by the partition plate 75, and is covered with a switching lid 78 that can be opened by its own weight.
When the driving of the exhaust fan 21 is large and the amount of exhaust air is large, the switching lid 78 is opened by the wind pressure, the exhaust is exhausted from the exhaust pipe 64b, and the exhaust is directly exhausted without passing through the deodorizing device 62.

A front end of the connection pipe 64a is connected to a case 66 accommodating a heater 65 having a U-shape in plan view.
Is arranged. The front end of the case 66 is provided with an exhaust pipe 76.
The exhaust pipe 76 has a rectangular cross section and is arranged orthogonal to the deodorizer 62. An exhaust fan 77 is connected to the rear end of the exhaust
The front end is connected to the right side of the front surface of the deodorizing case 63 having the air holes 63a. Exhaust fan 7
7, the air on the right side of the deodorizing case 63 is sucked and blown into the exhaust tube 76 to form a flow path for exhausting to the outside through the air holes 63a. Is mixed with the outside air while changing the direction of the exhaust air in the exhaust pipe 76, and is stirred and cooled.

Further, as shown in FIG.
0V) 93 and the storage battery 92 supply power to the controller 80. The storage battery 92 supplies power to the exhaust fan 21 and the exhaust fan 77 via a relay 91. Is controlled by

With this configuration, when a power failure occurs, the heated heater 65 and the thermal catalyst 67 are at a high temperature, and when the exhaust fan 21 and the exhaust fan 77 are stopped, the heat burns out. Although there is a fear, when a power failure occurs, the relay 91 is operated to drive the exhaust fan 21 and the exhaust fan 77 to cool the heater 65 and the thermal catalyst 67. After a certain time, the relay 91 is turned on.
As the FF, the exhaust fan 21 and the exhaust fan 77 are stopped to reduce the consumption of the storage battery 92.

[0032]

The present invention is configured as described above.
The following effects are obtained. That is, as described in claim 1, means for detecting the moisture in the fermenter, heating means for heating the fermenter, air volume adjusting means for intake and exhaust,
In the garbage disposer having means for controlling these in accordance with the moisture, a plurality of moisture sensors are arranged in the fermentation tank, and the moisture is detected at a plurality of locations. When thrown in, or when things that are difficult to mix are thrown in, the moisture of the processed material during fermentation decomposition becomes uneven, but since it is detected at multiple locations, it is possible to obtain overall moisture data by averaging these. It becomes possible, it does not become overdried or drained with a lot of moisture, it is possible to obtain a substantially uniform compost, and there is no needless operation of heaters and fans, resulting in The running cost can be reduced as well.

Further, as described in claim 2, the moisture sensor is constituted by a pair of detectors, and a plurality of pairs of detectors are arranged diagonally outside the fermenter so that the shortest distance can be obtained. If the moisture in the middle is detected, a locally biased result will be obtained, but by detecting the water in the diagonal direction as in the present invention, it can be widely detected in the fermenter, and from the initial stage to the final stage of the stirring. Thus, it was possible to detect the entire moisture up to this point, and it was possible to almost eliminate the detection of erroneous moisture data.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front sectional view of a garbage disposal machine.

FIG. 2 is a left side sectional view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a right side sectional view of the same.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram for automatically controlling an exhaust fan, a heater, a deodorizing device, and the like.

FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a configuration of installation of a moisture sensor for detecting moisture in the fermenter.

FIG. 6 is a front sectional view of the garbage disposer mounted on a deodorizing case.

FIG. 7 is a front view of the deodorizing case.

FIG. 8 is a plan view and a partial cross-sectional view of the deodorizing case.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view of a deodorizing device and a deodorizing introduction pipe in a deodorizing case.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fermenter 9 Garbage processing machine 19 Stirring claw shaft 21 Exhaust fan (air volume adjustment means) 43 Motor (drive means) 44 Heater (heating means) 87 Moisture sensor 87a / 87b Detector

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A device for detecting moisture in a fermenter, a heater for heating the fermenter, an air volume adjusting device for intake and exhaust, and a device for controlling these in accordance with the moisture. A moisture detection mechanism for a garbage disposer, wherein a plurality of moisture sensors are disposed in the fermenter to detect moisture at a plurality of locations. 2. The garbage disposal according to claim 1, wherein the moisture sensor comprises a pair of detectors, and a plurality of pairs of detectors are arranged diagonally opposite to the outside of the fermenter. Moisture detection mechanism of the machine.