JP2000236290A - Satellite communications system - Google Patents
Satellite communications systemInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000236290A JP2000236290A JP11035288A JP3528899A JP2000236290A JP 2000236290 A JP2000236290 A JP 2000236290A JP 11035288 A JP11035288 A JP 11035288A JP 3528899 A JP3528899 A JP 3528899A JP 2000236290 A JP2000236290 A JP 2000236290A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- directional
- switching
- antenna element
- reception level
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は衛星通信システムに
関し、特にデータ中継衛星との衛星通信システムに関す
る。The present invention relates to a satellite communication system, and more particularly to a satellite communication system with a data relay satellite.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】近年、人工衛星を利用した衛星通信シス
テムの発展がめざましい。従来、図５に示すように、小
型周回衛星においては、姿勢異常時の対処、アンテナポ
インティング（指向）装置を使用しないことによる運用
の容易さ、また重量、コストの面等から無指向アンテナ
２を使用して通信を行っている。すなわち、データ処理
装置（図示せず）からのデータを、送信機８によりダイ
プレクサ２２と無指向アンテナ２とを介して電波にて送
信し、同じく無指向アンテナ２とダイプレクサ２２とを
介して、受信機２４にて受信した電波をデコーダ１０に
てデータ復調（復号）する。2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, satellite communication systems utilizing artificial satellites have been remarkably developed. Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 5, in a small orbiting satellite, the omni-directional antenna 2 is used in view of coping with abnormal attitude, easiness of operation by not using an antenna pointing device, and weight and cost. I'm using it to communicate. That is, data from a data processing device (not shown) is transmitted by the transmitter 8 by radio waves via the diplexer 22 and the omni-directional antenna 2, and is similarly received via the omni-directional antenna 2 and the diplexer 22. The decoder 10 demodulates (decodes) the radio wave received by the device 24.
【０００３】また、衛星通信システムにおける干渉回避
の対策例が特開平１０−１４５２７５号及び特開平１０
−１４５２６０号公報に提案されている。すなわち、必
要とする通信の相手方のみに指向ビームを形成し、干渉
信号到来方向に対してはアンテナパターンのヌルを配向
して干渉を緩和する。Further, examples of countermeasures for avoiding interference in a satellite communication system are disclosed in JP-A-10-145275 and
No. 145260. That is, a directional beam is formed only for the required communication partner, and the null of the antenna pattern is oriented in the arrival direction of the interference signal to reduce interference.
【０００４】さらに、受信アンテナの切り替えを行って
通信を行う装置の例が、特開平９−３０７４９２号公報
に提案されている。すなわち、アンテナの受信レベルを
比較し、その値が最大となるアンテナを選択する。さら
にまた、同じく受信アンテナの切り替えを行って通信を
行う装置の例が、特開昭６１−６３１１９号公報に提案
されている。すなわち、この提案もアンテナの受信レベ
ルを比較し、その値が最大となるアンテナを選択する。Further, an example of a device for performing communication by switching a receiving antenna is proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-307492. That is, the reception levels of the antennas are compared, and the antenna having the maximum value is selected. Furthermore, an example of a device for performing communication by switching a receiving antenna is proposed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-63119. That is, this proposal also compares the reception levels of the antennas and selects the antenna having the maximum value.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】図５に示す従来の衛星
通信システムにおいては、通信時に全く異なる方向に対
してもアンテナ利得を持っている問題がある。すなわ
ち、同じ周波数帯を使用する他衛星通信網との間の干渉
が問題となる。人工衛星においては限られた周波数帯を
使用するため、同じ周波数帯を使用する衛星通信網と近
い軌道にて同時に運用される場合がある。衛星軌道が近
い場合、無指向アンテナでは有害な干渉が発生する可能
性が高い。衛星個数が増え続けている現状では、有害な
干渉が発生する可能性はさらに高まりつつある。また、
干渉を避けるためアンテナを切り替えて通信する方法を
採った場合、通信回線断の状態が発生する問題がある。In the conventional satellite communication system shown in FIG. 5, there is a problem that the antenna gains in completely different directions during communication. That is, interference with another satellite communication network using the same frequency band becomes a problem. Since artificial satellites use a limited frequency band, they may be simultaneously operated in a near orbit with a satellite communication network using the same frequency band. When satellite orbits are close, omnidirectional antennas are likely to cause harmful interference. As the number of satellites continues to increase, the potential for harmful interference is increasing. Also,
When a method of performing communication by switching antennas to avoid interference is employed, there is a problem that a communication line is disconnected.
【０００６】特開平１０−１４５２７５号あるいは特開
平１０−１４５２６０号公報記載の提案の場合、装置が
複雑であって規模が大きくなる問題がある。すなわち、
小型周回衛星には適さず、コスト、衛星搭載における信
頼性の問題が残る。また、衛星の姿勢異常が発生した場
合、回線断となり再捕捉が必要となる問題がある。すな
わち、衛星の存続に係わる問題が発生する可能性があ
る。In the case of the proposals described in JP-A-10-145275 or JP-A-10-145260, there is a problem that the apparatus is complicated and the scale becomes large. That is,
It is not suitable for small orbiting satellites, and costs and reliability issues remain. In addition, when a satellite attitude abnormality occurs, there is a problem that the line is disconnected and re-acquisition is required. That is, there is a possibility that a problem related to the survival of the satellite may occur.
【０００７】特開平９−３０７４９２号公報記載の提案
の場合は、希望信号と同程度の同じ周波数の干渉信号が
存在する際、その信号に応答してアンテナを切り替えて
しまい、目的とする通信が行えない問題がある。すなわ
ち、最大受信レベルを得るために、受信レベルが最大と
なるアンテナと、次に大きなレベルの指向方向の異なる
アンテナとの２つのアンテナを常時使用するため、例え
ば２つ目のアンテナにて干渉信号を受信してしまう可能
性がある。これはレベル判定のみにてアンテナを切り替
えているからである。In the case of the proposal described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-307492, when an interference signal having the same frequency as the desired signal is present, the antenna is switched in response to the signal, and the intended communication is not performed. There is a problem that cannot be done. That is, in order to obtain the maximum reception level, two antennas are used at all times, the antenna having the maximum reception level and the antenna having the next higher level in different directional directions. May be received. This is because the antenna is switched only by the level determination.
【０００８】特開昭６１−６３１１９号公報記載の提案
の場合は、希望信号と同程度の同じ周波数の干渉信号が
存在する際、その信号に応答してアンテナを切り替え
て、目的とする通信が行えなくなる問題がある。すなわ
ち、これもレベル判定のみにてアンテナを切り替えてい
るからである。In the case of the proposal described in JP-A-61-63119, when an interference signal having the same frequency as that of a desired signal is present, an antenna is switched in response to the signal, and a target communication is performed. There is a problem that can not be done. That is, the antenna is switched only by the level determination.
【０００９】本発明の目的は、衛星通信において他衛星
通信網から受ける干渉あるいは他通信網に与える干渉を
軽減し、良好な通信を常時維持できる衛星通信システム
を提供することである。An object of the present invention is to provide a satellite communication system capable of reducing interference received from another satellite communication network or interference to another communication network in satellite communication and maintaining good communication at all times.
【００１０】[0010]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明による衛星通信シ
ステムは、衛星局側に、複数のアンテナ素子にて構成さ
れ前記複数のアンテナ素子を切り替えることにより指向
性方向が制御できる指向成形アンテナと、指向性の少な
い無指向アンテナと、前記指向成形アンテナ及び前記無
指向アンテナの受信レベルを検出する受信レベル検出手
段と、前記指向成形アンテナの前記受信レベルが最大に
なるように前記アンテナ素子を切り替えるアンテナ切り
替え手段と、地球局からの衛星ダウンリンク捕捉時前記
無指向アンテナを動作させる無指向アンテナ制御手段と
を含むことを特徴とする。A satellite communication system according to the present invention comprises: a directional shaped antenna having a plurality of antenna elements on a satellite station side, the directional direction of which can be controlled by switching the plurality of antenna elements; An omni-directional antenna having a small directivity, a reception level detecting means for detecting reception levels of the directional antenna and the omni-directional antenna, and an antenna for switching the antenna element so that the reception level of the directional antenna becomes maximum It is characterized by including switching means and omni-directional antenna control means for operating the omni-directional antenna when capturing satellite downlink from an earth station.
【００１１】そして、前記アンテナ素子の切り替え期間
及びその前後の期間前記無指向アンテナ制御手段を動作
させることを特徴とする。また、前記アンテナ切り替え
手段は、次に切り替える前記アンテナ素子を予測するア
ンテナ素子予測手段を含むことを特徴とする。さらには
また、前記アンテナ素子予測手段の制御プログラムが、
前記地球局から書き替えられることを特徴とする。ま
た、前記受信レベル検出手段の検出レベルは前記地球局
から設定できることを特徴とし、また、前記無指向アン
テナのアンテナパターンは前記指向成形アンテナの全ア
ンテナパターンをカバーすることを特徴とする。The omnidirectional antenna control means is operated during the antenna element switching period and before and after the switching period. The antenna switching means includes an antenna element prediction means for predicting the next antenna element to be switched. Still further, the control program of the antenna element predicting means includes:
It is rewritten from the earth station. Also, the detection level of the reception level detection means can be set from the earth station, and the antenna pattern of the omnidirectional antenna covers all antenna patterns of the directional shaped antenna.
【００１２】本発明の作用は次の通りである。送／受信
アンテナにおいて、複数個のアンテナ素子を有する指向
成形のアンテナと、無指向のパターンを有するアンテ
ナ、または複数個のアンテナ素子の有する全アンテナパ
ターンをカバーできるパターンを有すアンテナを設け
る。指向成形アンテナは通信の相手方の方向のみ指向す
るように、衛星の飛翔（姿勢変化）に伴いアンテナ素子
を順次切り替えて使用する。この切り替え時のみに無指
向アンテナを接続する。従って、通信時に有害な干渉を
軽減した通信が行え、姿勢異常（変化）時、指向がずれ
ると無指向アンテナにも接続されて継続した運用が行え
る。The operation of the present invention is as follows. In the transmitting / receiving antenna, a directional shaped antenna having a plurality of antenna elements, an antenna having a non-directional pattern, or an antenna having a pattern capable of covering all antenna patterns of the plurality of antenna elements is provided. The directional shaped antenna is used by sequentially switching the antenna elements in accordance with the flight of the satellite (change in attitude) so that the antenna is directed only in the direction of the communication partner. The omnidirectional antenna is connected only at the time of this switching. Therefore, harmful interference can be reduced at the time of communication, and when the attitude is abnormal (change), if the pointing is shifted, it is also connected to the omni-directional antenna and continuous operation can be performed.
【００１３】[0013]
【発明の実施の形態】以下に、本発明の実施例について
図面を参照して説明する。図１は本発明によるの実施例
の構成を示すブロック図であり、図５と同等部分は同一
符号にて示している。図１において、本発明による衛星
通信システムは、複数（ｎ個）のアンテナ（素子）１１
〜１ｎにて構成される指向成形アンテナ１、無指向性あ
るいはアンテナ１の全アンテナパターンをカバーするパ
ターンを有する無指向アンテナ２を有する。Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment according to the present invention, and the same parts as those in FIG. 5 are denoted by the same reference numerals. In FIG. 1, a satellite communication system according to the present invention includes a plurality (n) of antennas (elements) 11.
1 to 1n, and an omnidirectional antenna 2 having an omnidirectional pattern or a pattern covering the entire antenna pattern of the antenna 1.
【００１４】また、アンテナ素子１１〜１ｎを切り替え
るアンテナ切り替え器３、送信信号を無指向アンテナ２
あるいはダミー５に切り替えるアンテナ切り替え器４、
無指向アンテナ２を使用しない場合に、送信信号を接続
する無指向アンテナ２と同一のインピーダンス（及び同
一許容電力値）を有する（アンテナ）ダミー５を有す
る。さらに、送受信信号を分離・接続するダイプレクサ
２１，２２、送信信号を分岐するカプラ７、データ処理
装置（図示せず）からの（送信）データ信号を変調して
送信する送信機８、受信信号を増幅して復調する受信機
２３，２４、受信した信号を復号するデコーダ１０、受
信レベルを判定・制御する判定部／制御部６を有して構
成される。さらにまた、受信機２３，２４は受信レベル
を検出する受信レベル検出部２５を有する。An antenna switch 3 for switching between the antenna elements 11 to 1n,
Alternatively, the antenna switch 4 for switching to the dummy 5,
When the omnidirectional antenna 2 is not used, there is an (antenna) dummy 5 having the same impedance (and the same allowable power value) as the omnidirectional antenna 2 to which a transmission signal is connected. Further, diplexers 21 and 22 for separating and connecting transmission / reception signals, a coupler 7 for splitting transmission signals, a transmitter 8 for modulating and transmitting (transmission) data signals from a data processing device (not shown), and a reception signal It comprises receivers 23 and 24 for amplifying and demodulating, a decoder 10 for decoding a received signal, and a judging / controlling unit 6 for judging and controlling a reception level. Furthermore, the receivers 23 and 24 have a reception level detection unit 25 for detecting a reception level.
【００１５】本発明の実施例の動作を図１〜４により説
明する。図１において、指向成形アンテナ１は複数個の
アンテナ素子１１〜１ｎを、相互にアンテナパターンが
ある程度重なるように配置している。これとは別に無指
向アンテナ２を（一つ）備えている。指向成形アンテナ
１にて受信した信号は、送信信号と受信信号との分波を
行うダイプレクサ２１を経由し、受信機２３にて受信、
復調される。このとき指向成形アンテナ１の受信信号レ
ベルを受信レベル検出部２５にて検出し、この結果を判
定部／制御部６に出力できるようになっている。The operation of the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 1, a directional shaped antenna 1 has a plurality of antenna elements 11 to 1n arranged so that their antenna patterns overlap to some extent. Separately from this, one omnidirectional antenna 2 is provided. The signal received by the directional shaped antenna 1 passes through a diplexer 21 that separates a transmission signal and a reception signal, and is received by a receiver 23.
Demodulated. At this time, the reception signal level of the directional antenna 1 is detected by the reception level detection unit 25, and the result can be output to the determination unit / control unit 6.
【００１６】一方、無指向アンテナ２にて受信した信号
は、ダイプレクサ２２を経由して受信機２４にて受信、
復調される。受信機２３，２４の出力復調信号はデコー
ダ１０にて合成された後、復号される。送信機８の出力
送信信号はカプラ７により指向成形アンテナ１、無指向
アンテナ２の両方に出力できるようになっている。指向
成形アンテナ１はアップリンク（地球局；地上局；図示
せずから）の受信レベルに基づき判定部／制御部６の指
示によりアンテナ切り替え器３にて切り替える。また、
無指向アンテナ２も判定部／制御部６の指示によりアン
テナ切り替え器４にて接続、あるいは非接続（ダミー５
へ接続）の切り替えができるようになっている。On the other hand, the signal received by the omni-directional antenna 2 is received by the receiver 24 via the diplexer 22,
Demodulated. The output demodulated signals of the receivers 23 and 24 are combined by the decoder 10 and then decoded. The output transmission signal of the transmitter 8 can be output to both the directional shaped antenna 1 and the omnidirectional antenna 2 by the coupler 7. The directional shaped antenna 1 is switched by the antenna switch 3 based on the reception level of the uplink (earth station; ground station; not shown) in accordance with an instruction from the determination section / control section 6. Also,
The omni-directional antenna 2 is also connected or disconnected (dummy 5) by the antenna switching unit 4 according to the instruction of the determination unit / control unit 6.
Connection) can be switched.
【００１７】図２は受信レベル検出部２５の一例を示す
ブロック図である。図２において、ＡＧＣ（Automatic
Gain Control；自動利得制御）検出（検波）部３３にて
アップリンク信号の受信レベルを検出し判定部／制御部
６に出力する。図３に判定部／制御部６の一例を示す。
図３において、判定部／制御部６はローパスフィルタ４
１、比較器４２、制御器４３にて構成される。受信機２
３のＡＧＣ検波部３３より出力されるＡＧＣ制御電圧が
規定値に達しているかどうかを比較器４２にて判定し、
切り替えが必要と判定された場合に、制御器４３にてア
ンテナ切り替え命令をアンテナ切り替え器３，４に供給
する。FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing an example of the reception level detecting section 25. In FIG. 2, AGC (Automatic
A gain control (automatic gain control) detection (detection) unit 33 detects the reception level of the uplink signal and outputs it to the determination unit / control unit 6. FIG. 3 shows an example of the determination section / control section 6.
In FIG. 3, the determination unit / control unit 6 includes a low-pass filter 4
1, a comparator 42 and a controller 43. Receiver 2
The comparator 42 determines whether or not the AGC control voltage output from the AGC detection unit 33 has reached a specified value.
When it is determined that switching is necessary, the controller 43 supplies an antenna switching command to the antenna switches 3 and 4.
【００１８】図１において、指向成形アンテナ１は通信
の相手方の方向を指向するアンテナ素子例えば１１を最
初に選択して通信を行う。例えば、アンテナ素子１１に
て受信した信号は、送信信号と受信信号との分波を行う
ダイプレクサ２１を経由し、受信機２３にて受信、復調
される。このとき、アンテナ素子１１の受信信号レベル
を受信レベル検出部２５にて検出し、判定部／制御部６
に出力する。In FIG. 1, a directional shaped antenna 1 performs communication by first selecting an antenna element, for example, 11 which directs in the direction of a communication partner. For example, a signal received by the antenna element 11 is received and demodulated by a receiver 23 via a diplexer 21 that separates a transmission signal and a reception signal. At this time, the reception signal level of the antenna element 11 is detected by the reception level detection section 25, and the determination section / control section 6
Output to
【００１９】一方、無指向アンテナ２にて受信した信号
はダイプレクサ２２を経由して受信機２４にて受信、復
調される。衛星の飛翔（姿勢変化）に伴いアンテナ素子
１１の受信レベルが規定値以下に低下した場合、判定部
／制御部６にては、アンテナ切り替え器３に命令してア
ンテナ素子１１を別の、例えばアンテナ素子１２に切り
替えて通信を続ける。但し、このとき、アンテナ素子１
１を１２に切り替える直前に、無指向アンテナ２を接続
し指向成形アンテナ１２に切り替わった直後に、無指向
アンテナ２の接続を切る。無指向アンテナ２の接続、非
接続は判定部／制御部６の命令によりアンテナ切り替え
器４にて行う。On the other hand, the signal received by the omnidirectional antenna 2 is received and demodulated by the receiver 24 via the diplexer 22. If the reception level of the antenna element 11 drops below a specified value due to the flight of the satellite (change in attitude), the determination unit / control unit 6 instructs the antenna switch 3 to switch the antenna element 11 to another, for example, The communication is continued by switching to the antenna element 12. However, at this time, the antenna element 1
Immediately before switching 1 to 12, the omnidirectional antenna 2 is connected, and immediately after switching to the directional shaped antenna 12, the omnidirectional antenna 2 is disconnected. The connection and disconnection of the omnidirectional antenna 2 are performed by the antenna switch 4 according to a command from the determination unit / control unit 6.
【００２０】図２において、受信機２３，２４はＡＧＣ
（自動利得制御）回路を有しており、ＡＧＣ検波部３３
にてはアップリンク信号の受信レベルを検出し、判定部
／制御部６に供給する。図３に示す判定部／制御部６に
ては、受信機２３，２４のＡＧＣ検波部３３より供給さ
れるＡＧＣ制御電圧により、アップリンク受信レベルを
比較器４２により判定し、ある規定値に達して切り替え
が必要と判定された場合に、制御器４３に判定結果を供
給する。In FIG. 2, receivers 23 and 24 are AGC
(Automatic gain control) circuit.
Detects the reception level of the uplink signal and supplies it to the determination unit / control unit 6. The determination unit / control unit 6 shown in FIG. 3 determines the uplink reception level by the comparator 42 based on the AGC control voltage supplied from the AGC detection unit 33 of the receivers 23 and 24, and reaches a certain specified value. When it is determined that the switching is necessary, the determination result is supplied to the controller 43.
【００２１】一方、プログラム処理器４４にては、軌道
予報値に基づいて予測を行い、次に切り替えるアンテナ
素子１１〜１ｎの指定及び切り替えタイミングの指示を
制御器４３に供給する。このプログラムは地球局からの
通信により書き替えも可能である。制御器４３にては、
比較器４２の結果を基にプログラム処理器４４の指示に
より、次に切り替えるアンテナ素子１１〜１ｎを選択す
るようにアンテナ切り替え器３，４に切り替え指示を供
給する。On the other hand, the program processor 44 makes a prediction based on the orbit forecast value, and then supplies the controller 43 with designation of the antenna elements 11 to 1n to be switched and instructions of the switching timing. This program can be rewritten by communication from the earth station. In the controller 43,
Based on the result of the comparator 42, a switching instruction is supplied to the antenna switching units 3 and 4 so as to select the antenna elements 11 to 1n to be switched next according to the instruction of the program processor 44.
【００２２】これにより、アンテナ切り替え器３の動作
の直前に、アンテナ切り替え器４により無指向アンテナ
２を接続状態にし、続いて、アンテナ切り替え器３によ
り次のアンテナ素子１２に切り替え指示を行い、続い
て、アンテナ切り替え器４を非接続にする動作を実行す
る。従って、送信時においては指向成形アンテナ１切り
替え時のみにおいて、指向成形アンテナ１と無指向アン
テナ２とはカップラ７による合成アンテナとなる。これ
により、アンテナ素子１１〜１ｎの切り替えによる通信
回線断を回避する。また、姿勢異常が発生した場合、指
向成形アンテナ１にての通信レベルが低下し、ある規定
値以下の場合は無指向アンテナ２が接続されるため、常
時継続した運用が行える。Thus, immediately before the operation of the antenna switching unit 3, the omnidirectional antenna 2 is set to the connected state by the antenna switching unit 4, and then the switching instruction to the next antenna element 12 is performed by the antenna switching unit 3. Then, the operation of disconnecting the antenna switch 4 is executed. Therefore, the directional shaped antenna 1 and the omni-directional antenna 2 are combined antennas by the coupler 7 only when the directional shaped antenna 1 is switched during transmission. This avoids disconnection of the communication line due to switching of the antenna elements 11 to 1n. In addition, when an abnormal posture occurs, the communication level at the directional shaped antenna 1 decreases. When the posture level is less than a certain specified value, the omnidirectional antenna 2 is connected, so that continuous operation can be performed at all times.
【００２３】受信時においては、指向成形アンテナ１を
使用している間は受信機２３を使用して受信信号の復調
が行なわれ、もう一方の受信機２４は受信信号が無く、
復調信号を出力しない状態となっている。ある規定入力
レベル以下の場合は復調信号を出力しない機能を有して
いるのは、受信機２３，２４共に同じである。At the time of reception, while the directional shaped antenna 1 is used, the received signal is demodulated using the receiver 23, and the other receiver 24 has no received signal.
In this state, no demodulated signal is output. Both receivers 23 and 24 have the function of not outputting a demodulated signal when the input level is below a certain prescribed input level.
【００２４】アンテナ素子１１〜１ｎの切り替え時は、
上述のように無指向アンテナ２も接続されるため、両方
の受信機２３，２４からの復調信号がデコーダ１０に出
力されるが、復調信号はデコーダ１０内にて合成されて
いるため、継続した復号が行える。アンテナ素子１１〜
１ｎ接続時に受信レベルが大きく変化することもある
が、受信機２３，２４のＡＧＣ回路により、変動を抑え
た復調信号を出力する。When switching the antenna elements 11 to 1n,
Since the omnidirectional antenna 2 is also connected as described above, the demodulated signals from both the receivers 23 and 24 are output to the decoder 10. However, since the demodulated signals are combined in the decoder 10, the demodulation signal is continued. Decryption can be performed. Antenna elements 11 to
Although the reception level may greatly change at the time of 1n connection, the AGC circuits of the receivers 23 and 24 output a demodulated signal whose fluctuation is suppressed.
【００２５】なお、無指向アンテナ２の受信機２４及び
指向成形アンテナ１の受信機２３は、先に同期した方の
受信機２３あるいは２４のローカル周波数に常に一致さ
せる機能を有し、無指向アンテナ２は接続とほぼ同時に
受信が可能となる。The receiver 24 of the omnidirectional antenna 2 and the receiver 23 of the directional shaping antenna 1 have a function of always matching the local frequency of the receiver 23 or 24 which has been synchronized earlier. 2 can be received almost simultaneously with connection.
【００２６】このように上記実施例においては、基本的
には指向成形アンテナ１を使用した通信であるため、干
渉を軽減した通信ができる。また、無指向アンテナ２が
設けられているので、アンテナ素子１１〜１ｎ切り替え
時も連続した通信が行える。さらに、衛星姿勢異常時
等、指向成形アンテナ１の受信レベルが低下した場合で
も、指向成形アンテナ１、無指向アンテナ２のいずれか
が使用できるため、常時継続した通信ができる。As described above, in the above embodiment, since communication is basically performed using the directional shaped antenna 1, communication with reduced interference can be performed. Further, since the omnidirectional antenna 2 is provided, continuous communication can be performed even when the antenna elements 11 to 1n are switched. Further, even when the reception level of the directional shaped antenna 1 is lowered, for example, when the satellite attitude is abnormal, any one of the directional shaped antenna 1 and the omnidirectional antenna 2 can be used, so that continuous communication can be always performed.
【００２７】地球局における衛星ダウンリンク（衛星か
ら地球局への送信）捕捉（ルートの確立）時は、指向成
形アンテナ１、無指向パターンアンテナ２の両方を使用
するようにすることにより、短時間にての捕捉ができ
る。アンテナ素子１１〜１ｎの個数が多い場合は、ビー
ム幅を鋭くでき、干渉軽減の効果も高まる。搭載アンテ
ナ（素子）個数、干渉軽減の要求程度は衛星通信システ
ムの状況に応じて設定することができる。At the time of satellite downlink (transmission from the satellite to the earth station) acquisition (route establishment) at the earth station, by using both the directional shaped antenna 1 and the omni-directional pattern antenna 2, a short time is obtained. Can be captured. When the number of antenna elements 11 to 1n is large, the beam width can be sharpened, and the effect of reducing interference is enhanced. The number of mounted antennas (elements) and the required degree of interference reduction can be set according to the status of the satellite communication system.
【００２８】図４に本発明の他の実施例を示す。図４に
おいて、カプラ７の代わりに切り替え器９を設け、通常
動作時は無指向アンテナ２を使用せず、アンテナ素子１
１〜１ｎのみ順次切り替えて通信する。衛星姿勢異常等
によりビームが外れる場合は、無指向アンテナ２に接続
する。このように、通常指向成形アンテナ１のみ使用し
ているので、干渉軽減をさらに向上させるという効果が
得られる。また、通信の連続性を重視されない通信網に
おいて有益である。FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 4, a switch 9 is provided in place of the coupler 7, and the omnidirectional antenna 2 is not used during normal operation.
Only 1 to 1n are sequentially switched for communication. If the beam deviates due to a satellite attitude error or the like, it is connected to the omnidirectional antenna 2. As described above, since only the directional shaped antenna 1 is normally used, an effect of further improving interference reduction can be obtained. It is also useful in a communication network where continuity of communication is not emphasized.
【００２９】[0029]
【発明の効果】以上説明したように本発明は、与干渉、
被干渉共に軽減された衛星通信が行える効果がある。す
なわち、複数個の指向成形用のアンテナ素子を使用し、
常時通信の相手方向となるように、自動的に切り替える
機能を備える。なお、次に切り替えるべきアンテナ素子
を予測しているため、誤って干渉信号を受信することが
ない。さらに、アンテナ切り替え時も通信回線断のない
通信が行える効果がある。すなわち、アンテナ素子を切
り替える場合のみ無指向アンテナを合成接続するためで
ある。さらにまた、地球局からのコマンド信号によるア
ンテナ切り替えがなくても、常時安定した通信を維持で
きる効果がある。すなわち、指向成形アンテナ、無指向
アンテナいずれかのアンテナにて常時受信できる。As described above, according to the present invention, interference,
There is an effect that satellite communication with reduced interference can be performed. That is, using a plurality of antenna elements for directional molding,
It has a function to automatically switch so that it is always in the direction of the communication partner. Since an antenna element to be switched next is predicted, an interference signal is not erroneously received. Further, there is an effect that communication without disconnection of the communication line can be performed even when the antenna is switched. That is, the omnidirectional antenna is combined and connected only when the antenna element is switched. Furthermore, there is an effect that stable communication can be maintained at all times even without antenna switching by a command signal from the earth station. That is, the signal can always be received by either the directional shaped antenna or the non-directional antenna.
【図１】本発明の実施例のブロック図である。FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
【図２】受信レベル検出部周辺の詳細回路図である。FIG. 2 is a detailed circuit diagram around a reception level detection unit.
【図３】判定部／制御部の詳細回路図である。FIG. 3 is a detailed circuit diagram of a determination unit / control unit.
【図４】本発明の他の実施例のブロック図である。FIG. 4 is a block diagram of another embodiment of the present invention.
【図５】従来の衛星通信システムの一例のブロック図で
ある。FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an example of a conventional satellite communication system.
１ 指向成形アンテナ ２ 無指向アンテナ ３，４ アンテナ切り替え器 ５ ダミー ６ 判定部／制御部 ７ カプラ ８ 送信機 １０ デコーダ １１〜１ｎ アンテナ素子 ２１，２２ ダイプレクサ ２３，２４ 受信機 ２５ 受信レベル検出部 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Directional shaping antenna 2 Non-directional antenna 3, 4 Antenna switch 5 Dummy 6 Judgment part / control part 7 Coupler 8 Transmitter 10 Decoder 11-1n Antenna element 21, 22 Diplexer 23, 24 Receiver 25 Reception level detection part
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ テーマコート゛(参考） Ｈ０４Ｂ 7/10 Ｈ０４Ｂ 7/10 Ａ Ｆターム(参考） 5J021 AA02 AA03 AA04 AA05 AA06 AA13 AB02 CA06 DB04 EA04 FA17 FA20 FA21 FA25 FA26 FA29 FA31 FA32 FA34 GA02 GA07 HA02 HA05 HA06 HA07 5K059 CC01 CC04 DD02 DD07 DD10 DD24 EE02 5K072 AA04 AA24 BB02 BB27 CC34 DD01 EE33 GG02 GG03 GG14 GG25 GG26 GG27 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) H04B 7/10 H04B 7/10 A F term (Reference) 5J021 AA02 AA03 AA04 AA05 AA06 AA13 AB02 CA06 DB04 EA04 FA17 FA20 FA21 FA25 FA26 FA29 FA31 FA32 FA34 GA02 GA07 HA02 HA05 HA06 HA07 5K059 CC01 CC04 DD02 DD07 DD10 DD24 EE02 5K072 AA04 AA24 BB02 BB27 CC34 DD01 EE33 GG02 GG03 GG14 GG25 GG26 GG27
Claims (6)
成され前記複数のアンテナ素子を切り替えることにより
指向性方向が制御できる指向成形アンテナと、指向性の
少ない無指向アンテナと、前記指向成形アンテナ及び前
記無指向アンテナの受信レベルを検出する受信レベル検
出手段と、前記指向成形アンテナの前記受信レベルが最
大になるように前記アンテナ素子を切り替えるアンテナ
切り替え手段と、地球局からの衛星ダウンリンク捕捉時
前記無指向アンテナを動作させる無指向アンテナ制御手
段とを含むことを特徴とする衛星通信システム。1. A directional shaped antenna, comprising a plurality of antenna elements and capable of controlling a directional direction by switching the plurality of antenna elements, a non-directional antenna having less directivity, Reception level detection means for detecting the reception level of an antenna and the omnidirectional antenna; antenna switching means for switching the antenna element so that the reception level of the directional shaped antenna is maximized; and satellite downlink acquisition from an earth station. And a omni-directional antenna controller for operating the omni-directional antenna.
間及びその前後の期間前記無指向アンテナ制御手段を動
作させることを特徴とする請求項１記載の衛星通信シス
テム。2. The satellite communication system according to claim 1, further comprising operating said omnidirectional antenna control means during a period during which said antenna element is switched and before and after said switching period.
に切り替える前記アンテナ素子を予測するアンテナ素子
予測手段を含むことを特徴とする請求項１あるいは２記
載の衛星通信システム。3. The satellite communication system according to claim 1, further comprising an antenna element predicting means for predicting the antenna element to be switched next to said antenna switching means.
ラムは前記地球局から書き替えられることを特徴とする
請求項１，２あるいは３記載の衛星通信システム。4. The satellite communication system according to claim 1, wherein the control program of said antenna element prediction means is rewritten from said earth station.
前記地球局から設定できることを特徴とする請求項１，
２，３あるいは４記載の衛星通信システム。5. The detection level of the reception level detection means can be set from the earth station.
5. The satellite communication system according to 2, 3 or 4.
は前記指向成形アンテナの全アンテナパターンをカバー
することを特徴とする請求項１，２，３，４あるいは５
記載の衛星通信システム。6. An antenna pattern of the omni-directional antenna covers all antenna patterns of the directional shaped antenna.
A satellite communication system as described.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03528899A JP3484670B2 (en) | 1999-02-15 | 1999-02-15 | Satellite communication system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03528899A JP3484670B2 (en) | 1999-02-15 | 1999-02-15 | Satellite communication system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000236290A true JP2000236290A (en) | 2000-08-29 |
| JP3484670B2 JP3484670B2 (en) | 2004-01-06 |
Family
ID=12437597
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP03528899A Expired - Fee Related JP3484670B2 (en) | 1999-02-15 | 1999-02-15 | Satellite communication system |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
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| US8023885B2 (en) | 2004-05-13 | 2011-09-20 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Non-frequency translating repeater with downlink detection for uplink and downlink synchronization |
| US8027642B2 (en) | 2004-04-06 | 2011-09-27 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Transmission canceller for wireless local area network |
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| US8498234B2 (en) | 2002-06-21 | 2013-07-30 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Wireless local area network repeater |
| US8885688B2 (en) | 2002-10-01 | 2014-11-11 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Control message management in physical layer repeater |
| US8122134B2 (en) | 2002-10-11 | 2012-02-21 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Reducing loop effects in a wireless local area network repeater |
| US8078100B2 (en) | 2002-10-15 | 2011-12-13 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Physical layer repeater with discrete time filter for all-digital detection and delay generation |
| US8060009B2 (en) | 2002-10-15 | 2011-11-15 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Wireless local area network repeater with automatic gain control for extending network coverage |
| US8111645B2 (en) | 2002-11-15 | 2012-02-07 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Wireless local area network repeater with detection |
| US7990904B2 (en) | 2002-12-16 | 2011-08-02 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Wireless network repeater |
| US8027642B2 (en) | 2004-04-06 | 2011-09-27 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Transmission canceller for wireless local area network |
| US8023885B2 (en) | 2004-05-13 | 2011-09-20 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Non-frequency translating repeater with downlink detection for uplink and downlink synchronization |
| US8095067B2 (en) | 2004-06-03 | 2012-01-10 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Frequency translating repeater with low cost high performance local oscillator architecture |
| US8059727B2 (en) | 2005-01-28 | 2011-11-15 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Physical layer repeater configuration for increasing MIMO performance |
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| US8559379B2 (en) | 2006-09-21 | 2013-10-15 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Method and apparatus for mitigating oscillation between repeaters |
| US8774079B2 (en) | 2006-10-26 | 2014-07-08 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Repeater techniques for multiple input multiple output utilizing beam formers |
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|---|---|
| JP3484670B2 (en) | 2004-01-06 |
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