JP2000233020A - Washing method and washing device for blood treating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the efficiency of washing work by letting a washing liquid flow in the interior of a hollow fiber membrane, detecting a specified physical property value in the substantially continuous state, and comparing the detected physical property value with a reference value to end washing work in removing a deposit adhering to the hollow fiber membrane of a blood treating device. SOLUTION: In the case of washing a hemodialyzer 4, after the start of washing work, reference values Es1, Es2 are set in a control device 9, subsequently, a pump 7 is operated to supply a washing liquid 2 in a washing liquid tank 3 through a line 5 to the hemodialyzer 4, thereby washing away a deposit. At this time, the physical property value of the washing liquid 2 of a line 6 is detected by a detector 8 and input to the control device 9, and when it reaches the reference value Es1, the supply method of the washing liquid 2 is switched. Substantially simultaneously with the supply of the washing liquid 2 by a line 17, the physical property value of the washing liquid 2 is detected, and the physical property value is input to the control device 9 to judge whether it reaches the reference value Es2 or not. If yes, the operation of the pump 7 is stopped to stop the supply of the washing liquid 2.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cleaning method and a cleaning apparatus for removing deposits adhered to a hollow fiber membrane of a blood processing apparatus such as a hollow fiber type hemodialyzer, and more particularly, to a cleaning operation end time. The present invention relates to a blood processing apparatus cleaning method and a cleaning apparatus that can be accurately grasped and can improve the efficiency of a cleaning operation.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a hollow fiber type hemodialyzer (hereinafter simply referred to as a hemodialyzer) used in an artificial dialysis treatment as a blood processing device is washed after use. As a method for confirming the degree, it is common to measure the ultrafiltration rate or the filtration pressure. In the measurement of the ultrafiltration rate, a constant pressure is applied from one side of the hollow fiber membrane of the hemodialyzer, and a closed system is created in the higher or lower pressure within a certain time from the higher pressure to the lower pressure. First, the amount (decrease or increase) of the washing liquid passing through the hollow fiber membrane is measured. In the measurement of the filtration pressure, the pressure is measured while filtering a certain amount of the washing solution from the dialysate side of the hemodialyzer to the blood side.

[0003]

However, the method for measuring the ultrafiltration rate is a method for measuring the amount of decrease or increase of the washing liquid passing through the hollow fiber membrane within a certain period of time. Since the cleaning state of the hollow fiber membrane cannot be grasped, if the decrease or increase in the amount of the cleaning liquid after the completion of the cleaning for a certain period of time is a value of insufficient cleaning, it is necessary to perform cleaning again. In order to prevent such insufficient cleaning, it is necessary to set an extra cleaning time in advance, and there is a problem that it is difficult to perform the cleaning operation efficiently, for example, the cleaning is likely to be excessive.

In the method of measuring the filtration pressure, the ultrafiltration is proportional to the membrane area of the hemodialyzer, and the ultrafiltration performance differs depending on the type of hollow fiber membrane. Since the filtration pressures are different, for example, it is necessary to set a reference value for judging pass / fail of the washing one by one for each of the hemodialyzers. There was a problem that it was difficult to perform it efficiently.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object of the invention described in claim 1 or 2 is to enable the completion of the cleaning operation of the hollow fiber membrane to be performed accurately. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method of cleaning a blood processing apparatus that can improve efficiency. It is still another object of the present invention to provide a blood treatment apparatus cleaning apparatus capable of accurately completing the operation of cleaning the hollow fiber membrane and improving the efficiency of the cleaning operation. is there.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a blood processing apparatus in which a hollow fiber bundle comprising a plurality of hollow fiber membranes is loaded in a cylindrical casing. A washing method for removing the deposits attached to the hollow fiber membrane, flowing a washing liquid at least inside the hollow fiber membrane, detecting a predetermined property value of the washing liquid in a substantially continuous state,
The cleaning operation is terminated by comparing the detected physical property value with a predetermined reference value.

Further, the invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the physical property value is the electric conductivity or the absorbance of the cleaning liquid, and when the physical property value reaches a predetermined value or when the change rate of the physical property value reaches a predetermined value, The cleaning operation is terminated.

[0008] With this configuration, when a washing solution such as a physiological saline solution is caused to flow into the used blood processing device and to flow inside each hollow fiber membrane and between the inner and outer surfaces thereof, the inside and outside of the hollow fiber membrane are removed. Deposits such as blood components adhering to the surface of the
It is washed away and contained in the cleaning solution. In the cleaning liquid containing the deposit, physical properties such as electric conductivity and absorbance gradually change from the initial state according to the content of the deposit, and the physical properties of the cleaning liquid are detected in a substantially continuous state. Then, when the detected physical property value reaches, for example, a predetermined reference value, or when the change rate of the physical property value reaches a predetermined value, the cleaning operation is terminated assuming that the hollow fiber membrane has been sufficiently cleaned. That is,
The physical property value of the cleaning solution that is used to wash away the deposits is monitored and monitored every moment, and this physical property value is compared with the reference value to determine the end time of the cleaning work. There is no excess, and the efficiency of the cleaning operation is improved.

[0009] The invention according to claim 3 is a cleaning apparatus for removing adhering substances adhering to a hollow fiber membrane of a blood processor in which a hollow fiber bundle composed of a large number of hollow fiber membranes is loaded in a cylindrical casing. A cleaning liquid supply means capable of supplying the cleaning liquid to at least the inside of the hollow fiber membrane by supplying the cleaning liquid into the blood processing apparatus; and a predetermined physical property value of the cleaning liquid flowing through the blood processing apparatus by the operation of the cleaning liquid supply means. Is detected in a substantially continuous state, and control means for comparing the physical property value detected by the detection means with a predetermined reference value to determine the cleaning end time is provided.

The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that the cleaning liquid supply means supplies the cleaning liquid inside and outside the hollow fiber membrane, respectively, so that the cleaning liquid passes through each membrane of the hollow fiber membrane. It is characterized by.

[0011] With this configuration, the cleaning liquid is supplied from the cleaning liquid supply means into the used blood processing apparatus, and when the cleaning liquid flows through each hollow fiber membrane, it adheres to the surface of the hollow fiber membrane. The attached substances such as blood components are washed away and contained in the washing liquid. At this time, for example, by supplying the cleaning liquid so as to pass through each of the hollow fiber membranes by the cleaning liquid supply means, the deposits adhering to the inner and outer surfaces of the hollow fiber membrane are reliably washed away.

The physical properties of the cleaning liquid containing the deposits gradually change from the initial state in accordance with the content of the deposits, and the physical properties of the cleaning liquid are detected by the detecting means in a substantially continuous state. Then, the physical property value detected by the detection unit is compared with a reference value predetermined by the control unit, and the end time of the cleaning operation is determined. As a result, the physical property value of the cleaning liquid for washing off the adhered substances is detected and monitored every moment, and the end time of the cleaning operation is determined by comparing the physical property value with the reference value. Can be prevented and the efficiency of the cleaning operation is improved.

[0013]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 to 4 show an embodiment of a cleaning apparatus for a blood processing apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a basic configuration diagram, FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an example of the cleaning method, and FIGS. It is a graph which shows the change of the electric conductivity as a physical property value.

In FIG. 1, a cleaning apparatus 1 includes a cleaning liquid tank 3 for storing a predetermined cleaning liquid 2 and a line 5 for supplying the cleaning liquid 2 in the cleaning liquid tank 3 to a hemodialyzer 4 as a blood processing device. , 6 to generate a flow of the washing liquid 2, a detector 8 provided in the line 6 for detecting the physical property value of the washing liquid 2 returned from the hemodialyzer 4, and a pump based on a detection signal of the detector 8. And a control device 9 for controlling the control device 7 and the like.

In the hemodialyzer 4, a hollow fiber bundle composed of a large number of hollow fiber membranes (not shown) is loaded in a cylindrical casing 10, and a blood inlet 11 is provided at one open end of the casing 10. A lid 13 having a blood outlet 12 is fixed to the other open end. A dialysate outlet 15 is provided on the side of the lid 13 side end of the casing 10, and a dialysate inlet 16 is provided on the side of the lid 14 end of the casing 10.

In the hemodialyzer 4, the pump 7 is connected to the blood inlet 11 by the line 5, the detector 8 is connected to the blood outlet 12 by the line 6, and the dialysate outlet 15 is Is the washing liquid 2 in the hemodialyzer 4
The upstream side of the line 17 is connected to the tank cleaning liquid tank 3 or to a cleaning liquid tank disposed separately from the cleaning liquid tank 3. In addition, the dialysate inlet 16
The cap 18 is configured to be mounted.

In FIG. 1, the arrow A indicates the washing liquid 2 from the blood side (blood inlet 11) of the line 5 of the hemodialyzer 4.
, And arrow B indicates the flow when the washing solution 2 flows from the dialysate side of the line 7 of the hemodialyzer 4 (dialysate outlet 15). In addition, the pump 7,
The cleaning liquid supply means is constituted by the lines 5, 6 and 17 and the pump 7 of the cleaning liquid supply means and the detector 8 as detection means are connected to a control device 9 as control means.

Next, an example of a cleaning method using the cleaning apparatus 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 2 and the graphs of FIGS. Note that this flowchart is automatically executed by the control device 9. First, the cleaning device 1
The hemodialyzer 4 to be washed is connected, and a cap 18 is attached to the dialysate inflow port 16 of the hemodialyzer 4, and the washing operation is started in this state (S100). When the cleaning operation is started, two reference values Es1 and Es2 to be compared with the detected physical property values are set in the control device 9 (S10).
1) Yes. Of the reference values Es1 and Es2, the reference value E
s1 is a reference value of the physical property value when the cleaning liquid is supplied to the blood side of the hemodialyzer 4, and the reference value Es2 is
Is the reference value of the physical property value when the washing solution is supplied to the dialysate side of the sample.

When the reference values Es1 and Es2 are set, the pump 7 is operated to pump up the washing liquid 2 from the washing liquid tank 3 and supply it to the hemodialyzer 4 via the line 5. By the operation of the pump 7, the washing liquid 2 flows to the line 6 via the blood inlet 11 of the hemodialyzer 4, the inside of each hollow fiber membrane, and the blood outlet 12 (that is, the blood side of the hemodialyzer 4).
As a result, the cleaning liquid 2 in the cleaning liquid tank 3 is supplied to the lines 5 and 6.
(S102). By the supply of the washing liquid 2, the deposits such as blood components adhering to the inner surface of each hollow fiber membrane are washed away, and the washed-out deposits are discharged to the outside as drainage while being contained in the washing liquid 2. Will be.

At about the same time when the supply of the cleaning liquid 2 is started, the physical property value E1 of the cleaning liquid 2 in the line 6 is detected by the detector 8 (S103). At this time, the detector 8 detects the physical property value E1 of the cleaning liquid 2 flowing through the line 6 every moment, and outputs the detected physical property value E1 to the control device 9. As the physical property value E, electric conductivity is used. For example, when the washing liquid 2 is a physiological saline and bovine blood is used instead of clinical blood, the change is shown in FIG. 3 (graph). Becomes Note that a tester is used as the detector 8 in this case.

As can be seen from FIG. 3, the electrical conductivity shows a sharp change in the initial stage when the deposits are washed away, in accordance with the amount of the deposits to be washed away. Gradually decreases, and the electrical conductivity also changes gradually according to this, and becomes saturated (substantially linear state) after the attached matter is sufficiently washed away.

When the physical property value E1 is detected by the detector 8, the detected physical property value E1 is input to the control device 9 to determine whether or not it has reached the reference value Es1 set in step S101, that is, E1 = Es1. It is determined whether or not it is (S104). Then, as shown at time T1 in FIG.
At s1, the washing solution 2 is supplied to the dialysate side of the hemodialyzer 4 via the line 17 (S105). That is, when “YES” is determined in step S104, the cleaning liquid 2
Is switched from the blood side to the dialysate side.

At this time, the dialysate inlet 16 of the hemodialyzer 4
Is closed by the cap 18, the washing liquid 2 supplied into the hemodialyzer 4 from the line 17 passes from the outer surface to the inner surface of each hollow fiber membrane, flows through the hollow fiber membrane, and flows into the line 6. leak. As the washing liquid 2 passes between the inner and outer surfaces of the hollow fiber membranes, the deposits trapped in the thickness direction of the hollow fiber membranes are washed away with the washing liquid 2, and these deposits are also removed similarly to the deposits on the inner surface of the hollow fiber membranes. It is contained in the cleaning liquid 2.

The physical property value E2 of the cleaning liquid 2 supplied substantially simultaneously with the supply of the cleaning liquid 2 through the line 17 is detected (S10).
6) is done. The physical property value E2 is a physical property value of the cleaning liquid 2 in which the cleaning liquid 2 supplied from the line 17 is synthesized with the cleaning liquid 2 supplied from the line 5, and is detected by the detector 8 similarly to the physical property value E1. As the physical property value E2, when the electric conductivity of the supplied cleaning liquid 2 is shown in FIG. 3, the electric conductivity changes, for example, as shown in FIG. 4 (graph).
## EQU00001 ## and a sudden change at the initial stage, and then a gradual change to a substantially linear state, and the time until saturation is shorter than the change at the time of supply shown in FIG.

When the physical property value E2 of the cleaning liquid 2 is detected, the physical property value E2 is input to the control device 9, and it is determined whether or not the physical property value E2 has reached the reference value Es2 set in step S101 (S107). . “YES” in this determination S107
, Ie, as shown at time T2 in FIG.
= Es2, the operation of the pump 7 is stopped,
The supply of the cleaning liquid 2 is stopped (S108). Thus, the cleaning operation is completed (S109), and at this time, the cleaning liquid 2
When the physical property value E2 reaches a reference value Es2 at which a sufficient cleaning effect can be obtained by an experiment or the like in advance, the cleaning operation is completed, so that the hemodialyzer 4 can be reliably cleaned.

As described above, according to the cleaning method using the cleaning apparatus 1 of the above embodiment, first, the cleaning liquid 2 is caused to flow on the blood side of the hemodialyzer 4 to wash off the deposits on the inner surface of the hollow fiber membrane, and thereafter the cleaning liquid 2 is dialyzed. By flowing to the liquid side, the deposits between the hollow fiber membranes are washed away, and physical values E1, E2 consisting of the electric conductivity of the cleaning liquid 2 containing the deposits are detected by the detector 8, and the detected physical values E1, E2 Are reference values Es1, E
When s2 is reached, the cleaning method of the hemodialyzer 4 is changed to the physical property value E of the cleaning liquid 2 in order to switch the supply method of the cleaning liquid 2 or stop the supply of the cleaning liquid 2 to end the cleaning operation.
1 and E2, and the end time can be determined by comparison with preset reference values Es1 and Es2.

In particular, the physical property values of the cleaning liquid 2 to be used are determined in advance by experiments or the like, and these are set in the control device 9 only.
The cleaning operation can be automatically terminated when the cleaning effect is sufficiently obtained, eliminating the need for re-cleaning due to insufficient cleaning and preventing loss of cleaning time due to over-cleaning as in the past. can do. As a result, the efficiency of the cleaning operation of the hemodialyzer 4 can be greatly improved.

Further, the cleaning operation can be completed at a time when a sufficient cleaning effect can be obtained only by setting the reference values Es1 and Es2 obtained by experiments or the like in accordance with the type of the cleaning liquid 2 in the controller 9. Further, unlike the related art, there is no need to set a reference value for each type of the hemodialyzer 4 such as the size and the form, and the washing operation can be performed more easily. be able to.

Further, the cleaning time can be predicted on the basis of the data obtained at the time of cleaning, and it is also possible to predict or confirm how much cleaning is required during cleaning or how much the current cleaning is. It is possible to desirably set the timing for performing the washing operation and the like, and to improve the efficiency of the artificial dialysis treatment. Further, since the cleaning device 1 can be constituted by the detector 8 composed of, for example, a tester, the pump 7 and the cleaning liquid tank 3, the cleaning device 1 which is relatively inexpensive and excellent in usability can be obtained. Become.

In the flowchart shown in FIG. 2, two reference values Es1 and Es2 are set, and the physical property value E1 of the washing liquid 2 supplying the blood side of the hemodialyzer 4 has reached the reference value Es1. In this case, the washing method 2 is supplied from the line 17 to the dialysate side to switch the washing method. However, the switching timing of the washing method is not limited to the physical property value E1 of the washing solution 2 and, for example, the adhered matter on the blood side. It is also possible to determine the time until the is removed by experiments or the like, and to supply the washing solution 2 to the dialysate side when this time has elapsed. In the above flowchart, the washing liquid 2 is first supplied to the blood side of the hemodialyzer 4, and the washing liquid 2 is caused to flow inside each hollow fiber membrane.
Was flowed from the outer surface to the inner surface (membrane) of each hollow fiber membrane, but it is also possible to reverse the flow or flow only inside each hollow fiber membrane.

In the above embodiment, when the detected physical property value E2 reaches the reference value Es2, it is determined that the cleaning is completed. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the end timing may be determined as shown in FIGS. That is, in the end determination shown in FIG. 5, the reference change rate Ec of the physical property value is set in step S101, and the change rate Ey of the physical property value E2 detected in step S106 is calculated (S201). When the physical property value E2 is detected at predetermined intervals, the change rate Ey is calculated by comparing the physical property value E2 detected this time with the physical property value E2 detected immediately before,
It is determined whether or not the calculated change rate Ey is equal to or smaller than the reference change rate Ec (S107). When the detected change rate Ey is equal to or smaller than the reference change rate Ec, that is, when the property value E2 is saturated and hardly changes, the supply of the cleaning liquid 2 is stopped (S108).

The termination judgment shown in FIG.
At 101, a reference value Es2 of the physical property value and an allowable range α are set,
The detected physical property value E2 is within the allowable range α with respect to the reference value Es2.
In the case of entering, the end is determined.
Also in the end judgments of FIGS. 5 and 6, by setting various reference values in advance, the washing operation can be automatically ended when the hemodialyzer 4 is sufficiently washed. A similar effect can be obtained.

Further, in the above embodiment, the case where the pump 7 and the like are automatically stopped by the control device 9 has been described. However, in the present invention, the state (physical property value) of the cleaning liquid 2 is detected by the detector 8 every moment. Since this can be displayed on a monitor, the pump 7 can be manually stopped while visually confirming the state of the cleaning liquid 2 on a monitor as well as being automatically stopped.

In the above embodiment, the description has been given of the case where the physical property value of the cleaning liquid 2 is the electrical conductivity and the tester is used as the detector 8 for detecting the electrical conductivity. You can do it,
As the detector 8, for example, a piezoelectric element that emits a predetermined signal when a foreign substance in the cleaning liquid 2 collides can be used. Further, an appropriate liquid other than the physiological saline can be used as the washing liquid 2 and the blood processing apparatus is applied to a processing device other than the hemodialyzer as long as it does not deviate from the gist of each invention according to the present invention. It goes without saying that various changes can be made.

[0035]

As described in detail above, claim 1 or 2
According to the described invention, the washing liquid is caused to flow inside the hollow fiber membrane or between the inner and outer surfaces thereof to wash off the attached matter such as blood components adhering to the surface of the hollow fiber membrane, and the washing liquid containing the attached matter The physical property values such as electrical conductivity are detected in a substantially continuous state, and the detected values are compared with a reference value to judge the end time of the cleaning work. The efficiency of the washing operation can be improved, for example, it is possible to prevent overwashing and to apply the method to various blood processing devices only by setting a predetermined reference value.

According to the third or fourth aspect of the present invention, the cleaning liquid supplied by the cleaning liquid supply means is used to wash off the adhered substances such as blood components adhering to the surface of the hollow fiber membrane,
Since the physical property value of the cleaning liquid containing the attached matter is detected in a substantially continuous state by the detecting means, and the detected physical property value is compared with a predetermined reference value by the control means to determine the end time of the cleaning work. In addition, it is possible to improve the efficiency of the cleaning operation, for example, it is possible to accurately end the cleaning operation and prevent insufficient or excessive cleaning.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a basic configuration diagram showing one embodiment of a cleaning apparatus for a blood processing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing an example of the cleaning method.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing a change in electrical conductivity as a physical property value.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing another change in the electric conductivity.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart of a main part showing another example of the cleaning method.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a main part showing still another example of the cleaning method.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 washing device 2 washing solution 3 washing solution tank 4 hemodialyzer 5, 6 line 7 pump 8 detector 9 controller 10 casing 11 blood inlet 12 blood outlet 15 dialysate outlet 16 dialysate inlet 17 line 18 cap

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A cleaning method for removing a substance attached to the hollow fiber membrane of a blood processor in which a hollow fiber bundle composed of a plurality of hollow fiber membranes is loaded in a cylindrical casing, wherein the hollow fiber membrane is provided. A cleaning liquid is supplied to at least the inside of the blood, a predetermined physical property value of the cleaning liquid is detected in a substantially continuous state, and the detected physical property value is compared with a predetermined reference value to complete the cleaning operation. How to clean the processor. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the physical property value is an electrical conductivity or an absorbance of the cleaning solution, and the cleaning operation is terminated when the physical property value reaches a predetermined value or when a change rate of the physical property value reaches a predetermined value. The method for cleaning a blood processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: 3. A cleaning apparatus for removing a substance adhering to said hollow fiber membrane of a blood processing apparatus in which a hollow fiber bundle comprising a plurality of hollow fiber membranes is loaded in a cylindrical casing, wherein said blood processing apparatus A cleaning liquid supply means capable of supplying a cleaning liquid to at least the inside of the hollow fiber membrane by supplying the cleaning liquid into the inside, and detecting a predetermined physical property value of the cleaning liquid flowing in the blood processing apparatus by operating the cleaning liquid supply means in a substantially continuous state. And a control means for comparing the physical property value detected by the detection means with a predetermined reference value to determine a cleaning end time. 4. The cleaning liquid supply means according to claim 3, wherein the cleaning liquid is supplied to the inside and outside of the hollow fiber membrane so that the cleaning liquid passes through each membrane of the hollow fiber membrane. The cleaning device for a blood processor according to claim 1.