JP2000230373A - Indoor illumination and window dimming system difficult to see inside of room and building - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To see through the outside from the inside of a room and make unable to see through the inside of the room from the outside by arranging a transparent layer functioning as a half-mirror on a window glass part in parallel, and reflecting light emitted from a light source arranged on the lower end to the outside. SOLUTION: A window end light source 14 is arranged on the lower end of the window glass of a multi-layer constitution comprising a first transparent layer 11 and a second transparent layer 12 arranged in parallel. The transparent layer 12 comprises a thin transparent adhesion layer or a metal thin film slightly different in a light refraction factor, is formed to be inclined to the face 13 of a window to function as a half-mirror, translucent light 15 emitted from the window end light source 14 is successively separated into reflection light 16 and translucent light 17 in each transparent layer 12, and finally reflected to the outside from a reflection layer 19 of the upper end. The intensity of the reflection light 16 is adjusted to make larger than translucent light 18 transmitted from the inside of a room to the outside. Thereby the outside can be seen from the inside of the room and the inside of the room cannot be seen from the outside. When the transparent layer 12 is made to be a circular arc, the reflection light is dispersed effectively.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dimming system and a building, and more particularly to an indoor lighting / window dimming system and a building, characterized in that it makes it difficult to see the inside of a room while observing the outside at night. Related to

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In order to secure privacy, opaque window glass is used for windows of buildings and the like. Even when transparent window glass is used, it is difficult to see the interior of the room using curtains or blinds. Doing is widely done. However, there is always a contradiction with privacy assurance that one wants to enjoy outdoor scenery, especially a night view, using a transparent window glass.

[0003]

Accordingly, the object of the present invention is to provide a view of the interior from the outside while enjoying the outdoor scenery using a transparent window glass especially at night when indoor lighting is required. It is to provide an interior lighting / window dimming system and a building which are difficult to perform.

[0004]

The reason why the interior of the room can be viewed from the outside is that the reflected light from the object in the room is received outside the room. Watching becomes difficult. Focusing on this point, the present invention proposes a window or a building having a structure capable of increasing the intensity of light of a separate light source radiated from a window surface, compared to light leaking to the outside from a room through a window. I do. That is, the glass or glass structure constituting the window is configured to have a reflective boundary surface that is oblique to the window surface, light is incident from the side edge of the window, and light is emitted outside from the boundary surface, Make the room hard to see. As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to make it difficult to see the inside of the room from the outside while observing the outside of the room, which is particularly effective in a situation where the room is slightly darkened and a night view is enjoyed.

[0005]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is a view for explaining a first embodiment according to the present invention, and shows in detail a building 10 using a multi-layered window glass, particularly a window portion thereof. In the figure, the window is composed of a window glass part and a window edge light source. The window glass part of the multilayer structure has a first transparent layer 11 and a transparent and thin adhesive layer having a slightly different light refractive index as a second transparent layer 12, and a boundary surface therebetween is oblique to the window surface 13. It is laminated so that it becomes. A window edge light source 14 is arranged at a side end of the window glass portion, and numerals 15 and 17 indicate light transmitted through the window glass portion.

After the room illumination light hits the object, the reflected light 18 leaks to the outside through the window glass part, and the inside of the room can be viewed. Lights 15 and 17 from the window end light source 14 are reflected from the boundary surface and are emitted as reflected light 16 to the outside of the room. The reflected light 16 from the boundary surface is set to be higher in intensity than the reflected light 18 from the indoor object, making it difficult to view the room.

Reference numeral 15 denotes light emitted from the window edge light source 14 and passing through the window glass portion, and reference numeral 16 denotes the first and second transparent layers 1.
The reflected light from the boundaries 1 and 12 to the outside of the window, and numeral 17 indicates the light transmitted through the first and second transparent layer boundaries and further traveling inside the window glass portion. Numeral 19 indicates a reflection layer disposed on the side end opposite to the window end light source 14, and reflects all light transmitted without being finally emitted outside the window to the outside of the window. The reflected light from the boundary layer between the first and second transparent layers 11 and 12 is transmitted from the first transparent layer to the second transparent layer and from the second transparent layer to the first transparent layer. It occurs at the time of entry, but is represented by reference numeral 16 for simplicity in the figure.

[0008] Window edge light source 14 arranged at the window glass side edge
It is desirable that the light from the window be radiated from the entire surface of the windowpane, and the reflectivity at each interface should be appropriately determined in conjunction with the number of interfaces so that the light from the edge of the windowpane reaches the entire surface of the windowpane. Must be set. If the difference in the refractive index between the transparent layers on both sides of the boundary is small, the angle between the incident or transmitted light and the radiation of the boundary, that is, the incident angle and the refraction angle are almost equal, and the reflectance is the incident angle and the refraction angle. Can be approximated as being proportional to the square of the difference between the first and second transparent layers, so that the number of interfaces will be at least several tens, so that the reflectance at one interface will be less than about several percent. The difference in refractive index between 11 and 12 is set to be sufficiently small. It is also desirable that the light from the outside be incident with little attenuation in order to view the outdoor scenery, but this point is also matched. For the same purpose, it is desirable that light rays from the outside be incident in parallel so as not to cause image distortion as much as possible. From this point, the difference in the refractive index between the two layers should be reduced. It is preferable that the adhesive layer is thin. In the case of this embodiment,
Since the adhesive layer serving as the second transparent layer 12 can be set to several tens of micrometers at most, it can be made sufficiently smaller than the thickness of the window glass portion and the first transparent layer set to several millimeters or several centimeters. So there is no problem.

Further, in this embodiment, the window end light source 14 is arranged at the end of the window glass side, but it is also possible to adopt a structure in which outdoor light or indoor illumination light or the like is taken in. Particularly in the daytime, sufficient brightness can be obtained from external light, which is effective.

In the daytime, at least a few percent or more of light transmission loss exists at the boundary between the first and second transparent layers 11 and 12, so that unless the interior lighting is made very bright, the interior of the room will be less than the exterior. It is unlikely to be seen from the outside because it is dark. In order to further ensure this point, if the number of the first and second transparent layers 11 and 12 is reduced to slightly increase the light reflectance at the boundary layer to reduce the light transmittance, the indoor side is reduced. It is possible to keep the room dark and prevent the indoor view more securely.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the indoor view from the outside by increasing the intensity of the radiated light from the boundary surface in the window glass portion more than the reflected light 18 from the indoor object. The effect can be expected only in the direction in which the light radiated from the window glass boundary surface goes straight. There is at least about 1 meter in the horizontal direction of the windowpane.
Is linearly elongated, so that light is reflected and radiated from the first and second boundary layers throughout the lateral direction of the window. The possibility that the effect is not exerted remains in the vertical direction. To provide the effect in that direction as well, it is necessary to provide the boundary surface with a curvature and expand the direction of the emitted light in the vertical direction.

A second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 1 which is the same as the first embodiment. In the first embodiment, the half mirror surface is formed by the difference in the refractive index between the adjacent transparent layers. In the second embodiment, however, an oxide of titanium, nickel, cobalt, copper, chromium, or the like is formed on the boundary of the first transparent layer. Is thinly coated by vapor deposition, sputtering or other methods to form a half mirror surface. In FIG. 1, the numeral 12 is read as this metal thin film layer. The other operation principle is exactly the same as that of the first embodiment, and the description is omitted. The thickness of this metal thin film is sufficient if it is about several tens of nanometers (nanometers), and is adjusted according to the target reflectance. Since the film thickness is small, light from the outside enters without being distorted, and is an optimal material for the present invention. Further, the half mirror surface can be formed by using a coherent filter made of a dielectric layer or by using a diffraction grating, a hologram, or the like.

Although the first and second embodiments use a window glass having a multilayer structure, the same effect can be realized by disposing a plurality of thin transparent resin pieces. This is the third embodiment shown in FIG. 2, in which the first transparent layer is a transparent resin piece 22 and the second transparent layer is an air layer 21, and the boundary surfaces of the transparent resin pieces 22 are parallel. And it is arrange | positioned so that it may become oblique with respect to a window surface.
The light 25 from the window end light source 24 disposed at the side end of the window is reflected by the reflected light 26 from the boundary surface which is the surface of the transparent resin piece 22.
As a result, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained. Further, a half mirror surface made of a metal thin film may be formed on the surface of the resin piece 22 as in the second embodiment. In the present embodiment, a plurality of transparent resin pieces 22 are used, but a single glass plate may be used. However, it requires a lot of space and is not usually a practical means.

Reference numeral 20 denotes the building of this embodiment, reference numeral 27 denotes light transmitted through the first transparent layer 22, and reference numeral 29
Denotes a reflection plate for radiating out of the window the light that has passed through the transmitted light 27 without being radiated out of the window. Also number 28
Indicates reflected light from an indoor object.

The third embodiment can be realized as a blind structure provided as a part of a window of the building 20 or as an additional material. In this case, the effective area can be adjusted by changing the angle of the transparent resin piece 22 and arbitrarily changing the light emission direction. However, the dust and dirt are not
If it gets on the surface of the room, it will hinder outdoor viewing, and
For example, it is desirable to dispose the light in a clean environment closed by a glass plate indicated by reference numeral 23, since light from the light source 4 is scattered and the effect of the present invention is impaired. The reflectance of light on the surface of the transparent resin piece 22 is the difference between the refractive index of air and that of the transparent resin piece 22,
And the incident angle of light, but is set in consideration of the number of transparent resin pieces 22 as in the first embodiment. FIG.
Shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention, in particular, controls the synchronous blinking of the interior lighting and the window edge light source, and interlocks the intensity of the interior illumination or the emission intensity of the window edge light source arranged at the window glass side edge. An example will be described in which the interior of the room is hard to see. The window edge light source must be a linear or horizontal light source along the window edge, and a fluorescent lamp or other discharge tube is suitable in terms of shape. However, since the fluorescent lamp blinks in accordance with the amplitude of the AC voltage to be driven, there is a problem in that when an incandescent lamp is used for indoor lighting, a time period in which the effect of the present invention cannot be exerted periodically occurs. The same applies to a case where the blinking speed is changed by changing the frequency of the driving power supply for the indoor lighting for indoor lighting dimming. In addition, when the brightness of the indoor lighting is changed, there is a possibility that inconvenience may occur due to insufficient light amount of the window end light source. The fourth embodiment is an example in which such inconvenience may occur.

In FIG. 1, each boundary surface between the first and second transparent layers 31 and 32 of the window glass portion of the laminated structure is parallel, but is curved so as to be slightly convex with respect to the window end light source 34. And
Light 3 from window edge light source 34 arranged at the window glass side edge
5, 37 are radiated widely above and below the window. The control unit 312 makes it difficult to visually recognize the interior lighting 318 composed of a fluorescent lamp via the output line 319 such that the window end light source 34 composed of the fluorescent lamp has the designated brightness via the output line 317. Flash at high speed and synchronously.

Further, there are first and second optical sensors 315 and 313 disposed outside the room in contact with the window glass, and the first optical sensor 315 receives light 38 from the room at a portion where no boundary surface exists. Upon detection, the second optical sensor 313 detects the reflected light 36 from the boundary surface at the portion where the boundary surface exists. The control unit 312 controls the emission intensity of the window edge light source 34 so that the intensity of the reflected light 36 from the window edge light source 34 is always higher than the light 38 from the room. For that purpose, it is more effective if it can be controlled in conjunction with the intensity of the indoor lighting. However, the output of the second optical sensor 313 is substantially reflected light 36 and light 38 from the room.
The controller 312 performs control in consideration of this point. The number 316 is the first optical sensor 31
Reference numeral 314 indicates an output line of the second optical sensor.

In the above configuration, the window edge light source 34 is always turned on while the room light 318 is turned on, and light 36 stronger than the reflected light 38 from the indoor object is emitted from the window glass boundary surface to view the room. Make it hard to see. The first and second transparent layers 3
By making the boundary surface between 1 and 32 convex, the reflected light 36 changes the angle as indicated by reference numerals 310 and 311 depending on the location, and by expanding the light emission area up and down, it is possible to enlarge an area where it is difficult to view the room. .

In order to synchronously blink the room illumination and the window edge light source, it is certain that the control unit performs synchronous control as in the fourth embodiment. However, when both are constituted by fluorescent lamps, the same power supply is used. In the fourth embodiment, the first light sensor 3 which monitors light from the room can realize synchronous blinking even when connected to a line.
It is also possible to make the window-side light source blink in synchronization with the blinking of the indoor lighting detected by 15.

FIG. 4 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention. In particular, FIG. 4 shows an example in which the present invention can be applied to a bathroom and enjoys an outdoor view regardless of day and night while preventing indoor view. In the figure, as shown in the cross-sectional structure of the window glass portion, the window glass portion has a first transparent layer 41 and a second transparent layer 42 slightly different in light refractive index oblique to window surfaces 43 and 44. And a window edge light source 45 at the upper end of the window glass portion, a reflection portion 46 for effectively guiding the light to the window glass portion, and first and second transparent layers 41 and 4.
A reflection plate 49 is disposed to reflect all the light that has propagated without being reflected from the two boundary surfaces to the outside of the window. As lighting in the bathroom, a light opening 47 is provided so as to partially emit the light from the window end light source 45 into the room. Number 410 is a bathtub, number 4
Numeral 11 denotes a mirror, and numerals 412 and 413 denote bathers, respectively.

The light emitted from the window edge light source 45
Some of the light leaks into the room and becomes light, while the other goes down along the window glass part (No. 415), and part of the light goes out of the window at the boundary between the first and second transparent layers 41 and 42. Reflected light 416,
Released as 417. The first and second transparent layers 41,
The boundary of 42 has a curved surface shape, and the reflected light is 416,417.
It is configured to expand in the vertical direction as shown by. If the intensity of the reflected radiated light 416 and 417 to the outside of the room is set to be greater than the intensity of the transmitted light 418 from the inside of the room, even when nighttime indoor lighting is required, it will not be viewed from outside.
Also, the incident light 419 from the outside is transmitted to the first and second transparent layers 4.
Although it is attenuated at the boundary of 1,42, it is only a few percent and there is no hindrance to the outlook.

At the boundary between the first and second transparent layers 41 and 42, the light transmittance is reduced by at least several percent. Therefore, in the daytime, when the lighting is not turned on, the room is kept darker than the outside. Outdoor views can be prevented.

As described above with reference to the embodiment, light having an intensity higher than the light transmitted and radiated from the room to the outside is reflected and radiated from the window surface to the outside of the window. It is possible to provide an indoor lighting / window dimming system and a building which are difficult to perform. Also, various modifications and applications are possible within the scope of the present invention. For example, gradually change the difference in the refractive index between adjacent transparent layers so that the amount of light reflected from the window surface is constant over the entire surface of the window surface. For example, a material that can change the amount of transmitted light by coloring or ultraviolet light is used, and these modified applications make the present invention more effective and do not limit the applicable range of the present invention at all.

[0024]

As described above with reference to the embodiments, according to the indoor lighting / window dimming system and the building in which it is difficult to view the interior according to the present invention, it is possible to enjoy the indoor scenery while enjoying the outdoor scenery. Can be stopped. In particular, when enjoying the night view in a high-rise building such as an apartment, it is effective for a bathroom or the like that enables a 24-hour view. It can also be used as a viewing window for buildings.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a cross-sectional structure of first and second embodiments.

FIG. 2 shows a third embodiment using a plurality of transparent resin pieces and a light source.

FIG. 3 shows a fourth embodiment for performing interlocking control with indoor lighting.

FIG. 4 shows a fifth embodiment in which a window edge light source is also used as room lighting.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 --- Buildings of first and second embodiments, 11-first transparent layer, 12-second transparent layer, 13
−−− Window surface, 14 −−− Window edge light source,
15 --- Light from window end light source 14, 16-Reflected light, 17-Light transmitted through first and second transparent layer boundaries 18--Reflected light from indoor object, 19- -Reflective layer 20 --- Building of the third embodiment, 21 --- Second transparent layer, 22 --- First transparent layer, 23-
-Glass plate, 24--window edge light source, 2
5, 27--light from window edge light source, 26--reflected light from boundary surface, 28--reflected light from indoor object, 29
--- Reflector 30-30--Building of the fourth embodiment, 31--First transparent layer, 32--Second transparent layer, 33--
−Window surface 34 −−− Window edge light source, 35, 37 −−−
Light from the window edge light source 34, light reflected from the boundary surface 36,
38 --- transmitted light from the room, 39 --- reflective layer, 3
10, 311--reflected light from the boundary surface, 312--control unit, 313--second optical sensor,
314--Output line of second optical sensor, 315-First optical sensor, 316-Output line of first optical sensor, 317-Output line from control unit to window end light source 34, 318- -Interior lighting, 319-Output line from control unit to interior lighting, 320-Window surface 41-First transparent layer, 42-Second transparent layer, 43, 44-Window surface , 45--
-Window edge light source 46--Reflector, 47--Light opening, 48--Window, 49--Reflector, 410-Bathtub, 411-
Mirrors, 412, 413--bathers, 415--light from window edge light sources, 416,417--reflected light from boundaries, 418--transmitted light from indoors, 419--incident light from outdoor

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A window glass portion having a half mirror surface which transmits a part of light and reflects a part thereof intermittently and substantially parallel to a window surface so as to be substantially oblique with respect to the window surface, and at a window glass side end portion. Interior lighting and window dimming, which comprises an arranged window edge light source and reflects light incident from an edge portion of the window glass to the outside from the plurality of half mirror surfaces. Systems and buildings 2. An interior lighting / window dimming system and a building in which it is difficult to view the interior of the room according to claim 1, wherein transparent layers having different refractive indices are stacked adjacent to each other, and a boundary surface between them. Interior lighting / window dimming system and building with difficulty in seeing the interior, characterized in that the half mirror surface is formed by using 3. The interior lighting / window dimming system and the building according to claim 1, wherein said half mirror surface is made of a metal thin film. Difficult interior lighting, window dimming systems and buildings 4. In the interior lighting / window dimming system and the building according to claim 1, wherein the interior is difficult to see, the window edge light source emits light at least while the interior lighting is on. A room lighting / window dimming system and a building in which it is difficult to view the room, wherein the intensity of light emitted from the window end light source to the outside of the room is controlled to be greater than the intensity of light transmitted from the room to the outside of the room. 5. The interior lighting / window dimming system and the building according to claim 1, wherein a light source capable of blinking at a high speed is used as the window edge light source, and the window edge light source and one or more indoor illuminations are transmitted at a high speed. Interior lighting / window dimming system and buildings that make it difficult to see the interior, characterized by blinking in synchronization with the room 6. The interior lighting / window dimming system and the building according to claim 1, wherein a part of the radiated light of the window end light source is also radiated into the room to illuminate the room. Interior lighting / window dimming system and building with hard to see the interior, characterized by being configured to also serve as