JP2000227959A - Device for monitoring image of ground surface - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a device capable of efficiently and economically measuring changes on the surface of a slope. SOLUTION: The ground surface image monitoring device is provided with an image data input means 101 for inputting 1st and 2nd images as 1st and 2nd input (ground surface image data), a feature point specification means 102 and a reference point specification means 104 for respectively specifying plural feature points and reference points, a relative distance calculation means 106 for calculating the relative distance of each feature point to each reference point in each of the 1st and 2nd pictures, a characteristic equation calculation means 107 for calculating a characteristic equation from the relative distance on the 1st image and the relative distance on the 2nd image, and a feature point displacement calculation means 108 for calculating the displacement of each feature point by using the characteristic equation. Consequently, a comparatively accurate judging materials can be obtained in the case of observing/ judging the states of the ground surface.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a ground surface image monitoring system for monitoring the behavior of the ground surface based on an image obtained by photographing the ground surface on an inclined land, and more particularly to a landslide or a landslide based on a change in the ground surface. The present invention relates to a ground surface image monitoring device used to determine the possibility of rock collapse.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Natural phenomena that cause disasters include landslides, landslides, and rockslides.

[0003] Among them, landslides are generally treated as difficult to predict, but landslides and rockslides can be predicted to a certain extent by observation over time due to their nature. For example, landslides occur when the surface layer of a sloping terrain that is originally slowly moving increases its speed, so if the movement speed and mobility itself of the ground surface layer are observed, , It is possible to judge whether it is dangerous or not,
It is said that it can be predicted by observing the degree of deformation.

In order to predict such disasters, conventionally,
Broadly speaking, two approaches were adopted. One method measures the change in the ground surface by some means, and uses the measurement results as judgment material for disaster prediction.The other method uses a video camera installed near the slope and the ground surface of the slope. Is to directly determine the disaster prediction from the photograph of the photograph.

More specifically, the former method includes a method of measuring an inclination by installing an inclinometer on the ground surface of or inside the slope, and a method of measuring the displacement of a crack generated on the ground surface of the slope by a displacement meter. There is a method of measuring, a method of detecting abnormalities inside the sloped land by detecting AE waves generated when internal strain occurs on the sloped land, a method of measuring the displacement of the ground surface using an extensometer or a light wave distance meter, etc. . still,
Measurement of the displacement of the ground surface by an extensometer is performed by drilling multiple piles at the site where landslides are likely to occur, and connecting the piles and the winding device corresponding to the piles with wires that do not expand and contract This is performed by detecting the movement of the ground surface layer multiplied by the preliminary movement of the landslide from the inclination of the pile, the length of the wire, and the like.

[0006]

However, both of the two prediction methods described above have problems in terms of efficiency and economy.

Specifically, of the two methods described above,
In the method of measuring a change in the ground surface by some means, an instrument or the like must be directly installed on a slope for the measurement, and the operation is inefficient due to the difficulty and complexity of the operation. In addition, since the number of target sites and slopes is quite large when viewed nationwide, it is not possible to suppress installation costs and meter purchase costs when installing instruments etc. at all of them. There was such a problem. Furthermore, in general, it is difficult to go directly to the site as it is easy to determine that it is dangerous, but nevertheless, according to the conventional measurement method described above, as described above, Instruments for measurement must be installed on the slope. Putting the worker on a very dangerous site in this way is not at all feasible.

On the other hand, the method of making a direct judgment by visual observation has the following problems. That is, there is a problem that an objective amount of displacement cannot be presented only by a method of directly making a visual determination, and that the determination result is easily influenced by the experience of the person making the determination. Also, due to such a problem, it is rare to make a final determination only by this method, and after the visual determination, the above-described method involving the measurement of the change in the ground surface is generally performed. Therefore, when the method of directly determining by visual observation is adopted, the installation place of the instrument and the like is determined after the visual observation, so that the number of the installation places can be reduced. The complexity itself was not eliminated. Furthermore, by installing a video camera or the like at the site, and observing the change at all times, the number of sites judged to have the possibility of such landslides, etc., is considerable when viewed nationwide. Thus, as is evident in view of their number, the cost was very high and therefore not practical.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an apparatus capable of measuring a change in the ground surface of a sloping land, which is capable of effective and economical measurement, and a method based thereon.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a recording medium on which a program for realizing the method for monitoring such a landslide and rock collapse on a computer is recorded.

[0011]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention utilizes an image such as a photograph obtained by photographing a site. More specifically, disasters such as landslides and rock collapses can be detected by comparing images such as photos taken at different times and detecting whether the objects or the like appearing in the images are moving. It was decided to be able to determine whether it is likely to occur.

If such an image such as a photograph is to be used, it is necessary for the worker to go to a site in a broad sense.
That is, it is advantageous as compared with the above-described conventional method in that it is not necessary to step into a place where an instrument or the like needs to be installed.

However, on the other hand, it is also difficult to always keep the photographing conditions such as the elevation angle of the camera the same.

Therefore, in the present invention, the concept of a feature point and a reference point is introduced, and the distance between the feature point and the reference point is calculated for each of the images photographed at different times from each other. By determining the correlation between the calculated distances, the degree of displacement such as movement of each feature point is detected. Specifically, a characteristic equation such as a regression line obtained by the least squares method is used to obtain the correlation. Note that the feature point is a point that can be arbitrarily determined on the image, and is a point at which the observer can easily recognize its presence on any of the two images to be compared. It may be a part or a mark such as a reflector installed in a target location in advance. In other words, any point may be used as long as it can be recognized on two images to be compared. The reference point is a point selected under the same conditions as the feature point, and further, a point belonging to an area where an object that is not significantly affected by the current fluctuation, such as a nearby electric pole, is imaged. .

The present invention, under such a concept, specifically,
The following means are provided.

That is, according to the present invention, as a first ground surface image monitoring device, a ground surface image monitoring device used for monitoring the state of the ground surface in a specific region captures the ground surface of the specific region. Data input means for inputting the obtained image as an input image, comprising: a first image obtained by photographing the state of the ground surface of the specific area at a first date and time; The date and time of the second
Image data input means for inputting a second image obtained by photographing the state of the ground surface in the specific area at the date and time as the first and second input images, respectively, and appears on the input image. A feature point designating means for designating a plurality of feature points having a feature on the ground surface and having a feature which is easy to recognize in shape, wherein the plurality of feature points on the first input image are 1 as a feature point, while the second
A feature point designating unit that designates the same feature point as the first feature point as a second feature point on the input image of the above, and is connected to the feature point designating unit and holds information related to the feature point. A feature point holding means and a point which is a feature on the ground surface appearing on the input image and which is estimated to be less susceptible to a change in the state of the ground surface than the feature point is designated as a reference point Reference point designating means for performing
A reference point on the first input image is selected and designated as a first reference point, while a reference point identical to the first reference point on the second input image is specified on the second image. Said reference point designating means for designating as a second reference point in
A reference point holding unit connected to the reference point designating unit for holding information about the reference point; and a feature point and a reference point holding unit connected to the feature point holding unit and the reference point holding unit. Receiving relative distances of the plurality of feature points with respect to the reference point on the input image, wherein the relative distance calculating unit calculates a relative distance of the plurality of feature points with respect to the first reference point on the first input image. Calculating a relative distance of a first feature point as a first relative distance; and calculating a relative distance of the plurality of second feature points to the second reference point on the second input image as a second relative distance The relative distance calculation means and the relative distance calculation means, which are connected to the first and second relative distances, are calculated as follows:
A deviation calculating means for calculating a deviation of a feature point from a reference point in the specific area and from the first date and time to the second date and time. Can be

Further, according to the present invention, as the second ground surface image monitoring device, in the first ground surface image monitoring device, the first and second input images are input by the image data input means. The first and second images are
In addition to the ground surface itself, both are marks arranged at predetermined positions so as to be distinguishable from the ground surface itself, and a plurality of marks provided so as to correspond to the plurality of feature points and the reference points. The feature point designation means and the reference point designation means are both connected to the image data input means, and the plurality of feature point marks and the reference point By analyzing the positions of the point marks on the first and second images, the ground surface image monitoring apparatus is characterized in that the plurality of feature points and reference points are automatically specified. .

Further, according to the present invention, as a third ground surface image monitoring device, in the first ground surface image monitoring device, the shift calculating means is connected to the relative distance calculating means, and Each time, the first relative distance is set as a first coordinate value which is a coordinate value on a first coordinate axis in a specific two-dimensional coordinate system, and the second relative distance is defined as the specific two-dimensional coordinate system.
A second coordinate value on the second coordinate axis in the three-dimensional coordinate system;
A characteristic equation calculating means for calculating a characteristic equation from the first and second coordinate values of all characteristic points; and a plurality of the characteristic equation calculating means, Based on the first and second coordinate values of the characteristic point and the characteristic equation,
Characteristic point displacement calculating means for calculating a deviation of each of the characteristic points from the characteristic equation on the specific two-dimensional coordinate system as a degree of displacement of each of the characteristic points from the date and time to the second date and time And a ground surface image monitoring device characterized by comprising:

In the ground surface image monitoring device, the characteristic equation calculating means may calculate a regression line of the second coordinate value with respect to the first coordinate value as the characteristic equation. . In calculating the regression line, for example, the least square method is used.

Further, according to the present invention, as a fourth ground surface image monitoring device, there is provided a ground surface image monitoring device used for monitoring the state of the ground surface in a specific area, and receives an input from a user. Input means for storing a plurality of images obtained by photographing the state of the ground surface in the specific area at different times from each other, as a plurality of ground surface image data, in association with the photographing date and time and the photographing location, and storing the plurality of images. Ground surface image database, display means, and acquiring and processing the ground surface image data from the ground surface image database in response to an input from a user to calculate a change in the ground surface, and displaying the calculation result on the display. A ground-surface-image-monitoring device comprising: a ground-surface-change-calculating unit that can be displayed on the input unit. From the input, determine whether or not to generate any one of a plurality of predetermined events, if the input is to generate the one event, While generating an event signal indicating the content of the one event, if the input is to input data, an event generating unit for outputting the data, and the event signal from the event generating unit. Receiving, an event control unit for generating an event control signal according to the one event,
A memory unit connected to the event control unit for storing data transmitted from the event control unit, and the event control signal indicating display of a processing result in the ground surface change calculation unit; A display control unit for controlling the display means to display a result of the processing in accordance with the event control signal; and wherein the event control signal is acquisition of the ground surface image data, First ground surface image data, which is data relating to a first image obtained by photographing the state of the ground surface at
When indicating acquisition of second ground surface image data that is data relating to a second image obtained by photographing the state of the ground surface at a second date and time that is a date and time after the first date and time, Communicating with the image database, acquiring the first and second ground surface image data, causing the memory unit to store the first and second ground surface image data through the event control unit, A database control event processing unit for displaying the first and second images on the display means through a control unit and the display control unit, and the event control signal is shared on the first and second images. In the case of indicating a feature point setting event for setting a plurality of feature points which are expressed features and have features that are easily recognized in shape, according to the event control signal,
Setting the plurality of feature points based on the first and second ground surface image data stored in the memory unit;
A feature for calculating coordinate positions of the plurality of set feature points on the first and second images and storing the calculated coordinate positions as feature point data in the memory unit through the event control unit; A point setting event processing unit, wherein the event control signal has a feature that is commonly displayed on the first and second images and is easy to recognize in shape; When indicating a reference point setting event for setting a reference point belonging to an area that is hardly affected by a change in the state of the ground surface, the first and second ground surfaces stored in the memory unit according to the event control signal. Based on the image data, the reference point is set, a coordinate position of the set reference point on each of the first and second images is calculated, and the calculated coordinate position is transmitted through the event control unit. Me A reference point setting event processing unit for storing the reference point data in the reference unit, and a characteristic equation calculation event for calculating a characteristic equation in which the event control signal is determined based on the reference point and the plurality of feature points. If so, the control unit acquires feature point data and reference point data for each of the reference points and the plurality of feature points on the first and second images stored in the memory unit, and specifies the feature point data and the reference point data for the first image. A distance between the reference point and each of the plurality of feature points is calculated, and each calculated distance is a coordinate value on a first coordinate axis in a specific two-dimensional coordinate system for the corresponding feature point. 1 is stored in the memory unit as the first coordinate data indicating the coordinate value of 1, and the distance between the reference point designated for the second image and each of the plurality of feature points is calculated. Each distance Storing in the memory unit as second coordinate data indicating a second coordinate value which is a coordinate value on a second coordinate axis in the specific two-dimensional coordinate system for the corresponding feature point; A regression line calculation event processing unit for calculating a characteristic equation from the first and second coordinate data for the point and storing characteristic equation data indicating the calculated characteristic equation in the memory unit through the event control unit; When the event control signal indicates the displacement calculation of the feature point, the first and second coordinate data and the characteristic equation data are acquired from the memory unit, and the degree of displacement of each feature point is determined as Calculating a shift of each of the feature points on the specific two-dimensional coordinate system from the characteristic equation, and through the event control unit and the display control unit; And a feature point displacement calculator for displaying the calculation result on the display means as the degree of displacement of the feature point.

Further, the present invention also provides the following ground surface state change measuring method. These methods are performed, for example, in the apparatus described above.

That is, according to the present invention, as a first ground surface state change measuring method, a ground surface state change is measured using an image obtained by photographing the ground surface state in a specific area. A method for measuring a change in surface condition, wherein a first image is obtained by photographing the ground surface of the specific area at a first time, and a feature on the ground surface represented on the first image is obtained. While selecting, as a reference point, a point presumed to be less likely to undergo a surface state change, a plurality of feature points having features having other features that are easily recognizable in shape are selected, and for the first image, Calculating a distance between the reference point and each of the plurality of feature points using a computer,
At a second time after the first time, to obtain a second image by obtaining a ground image of the specific area, the reference point on the second image and the plurality of The distance between each of the feature points is calculated using a computer to obtain second distance data, and the first distance data and the second distance data are calculated.
From the distance data, to obtain a correlation between the distance between the reference point and the plurality of feature points on the first screen and the distance between the reference point and the plurality of feature points on the second screen, A ground surface state change measuring method is characterized in that a ground surface state change in the specific area is measured between the first time and the second time.

Further, according to the present invention, as the second ground surface state change measuring method, in the first ground surface state change measuring method, the reference point on the first image, the plurality of characteristic points, The correlation between the distance between and the distance between the reference point and the plurality of feature points on the second screen is calculated using the first and second distance data for all the feature points.
The first and second coordinate values are coordinate values on the first and second coordinate axes in a specific two-dimensional coordinate system, respectively. A characteristic equation is calculated from the coordinate values, and a deviation of the coordinate position defined by the first and second coordinate values from the calculated characteristic equation is obtained by measuring using a computer, whereby the deviation is calculated. Is determined to be a region having a large displacement that has moved between the first and second times in the vicinity of a feature point having a large value of.

The concept of the present invention can also be realized as the following recording medium.

That is, according to the present invention, there is provided a computer having a boot ROM for storing a boot program and a memory for storing data and having an input device and an output device connected thereto. A computer capable of executing an application program on the operating system when a specific operating system is running on the computer, and a database running on the computer or a network connected to the computer. A plurality of images obtained by photographing the state of the ground surface on a sloped land as a plurality of ground surface image data in association with the date and time and place of the photographing. A computer capable of performing virtual or realistic communication with a ground surface image database capable of calculating the state change of the ground surface using the plurality of ground surface image data. Receiving an input from the input device via an operating system to determine whether the input is to generate any one of a plurality of predetermined events, When the input is to generate the one event, an event control process for generating event control data in accordance with the input; and the one event is the ground surface image from the ground surface image database. A first ground surface, which is data relating to a first image obtained by photographing the state of the ground surface at a first date and time. And image data,
When indicating acquisition of second ground surface image data that is data relating to a second image obtained by photographing the state of the ground surface at a second date and time that is a date and time after the first date and time, It communicates with the ground surface image database to acquire the first and second ground surface image data, outputs the first and second images to the output device, and outputs the first and second images to the memory. Database control event processing for storing the ground surface image data of the above, wherein the one event is a feature point that is a common feature on the first and second images and has a feature that is easily recognized in shape. When indicating a feature point setting event for setting a plurality, based on the first and second ground surface image data stored in the memory,
The plurality of feature points are set by predetermined means, and the coordinate positions of the set plurality of feature points on the first and second images are calculated, and the calculated coordinate positions are stored in the memory. Feature point setting event processing for storing as point data, wherein the one event is a first and a second event
A reference point that has a feature that is commonly expressed on the image and is easily recognized in shape and that is less susceptible to a change in the state of the ground surface than the feature point is set. The reference point setting event, the reference point is set by predetermined means based on the first and second ground surface image data stored in the memory, and the first reference point is set. And a reference point setting event process for calculating a coordinate position on each of the second images and storing the calculated coordinate position as reference point data in the memory, wherein the one event includes the reference point and a plurality of features. In the case of indicating a characteristic equation calculation event for calculating a characteristic equation determined based on a point, each of the reference points and the plurality of feature points on the first and second images stored in the memory is referred to. Acquiring the characteristic point data and the reference point data, calculating the distance between the reference point designated with respect to the first image and each of the plurality of characteristic points, and calculating the calculated distances with the corresponding characteristic points. Is stored in the memory as first coordinate data indicating a first coordinate value which is a coordinate value on a first coordinate axis in a specific two-dimensional coordinate system, and the reference point designated with respect to a second image and A distance between each of the plurality of feature points is calculated, and each calculated distance is used as a second coordinate which is a coordinate value on the second coordinate axis in the specific two-dimensional coordinate system for the corresponding feature point. Stored in the memory as second coordinate data indicating a value,
A characteristic equation calculation event process for calculating a characteristic equation from the first and second coordinate data for all of the feature points and storing the calculated characteristic equation as characteristic equation data in the memory; Indicates the feature point displacement calculation event for calculating the displacement of the feature point, the first and second coordinate data and the characteristic equation data are obtained from the memory, and the displacement of each of the feature points is obtained. And calculating the deviation of each of the characteristic points on the specific two-dimensional coordinate system from the characteristic equation, and outputting the calculation result to the output device as the degree of displacement of the characteristic point. An application including an instruction for causing the computer to execute a displacement calculation event process in combination with the operating system; Storing ® emission program, the computer readable recording medium is obtained.

[0026]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS First, in describing a ground surface image monitoring apparatus and the like according to an embodiment of the present invention, a basic concept of the present invention common to each embodiment will be described.

Referring to FIG. 1, there is shown an example of an image obtained when a slope to be measured (ground surface of a slope) is photographed. From this figure, it can be understood that when the slope is photographed, the range (direct measurement target) that is likely to be affected by any behavior when the behavior occurs and the other range are simultaneously captured. Is done. Within the range of the direct measurement target, the tip of the rock head, cracks on the slope, points protruding from the slope and having a great difference in elevation, or nets to minimize damage from landslides and rock collapse And other artificial constructs. Usually, at least several types of these are included in an image of a slope to be measured, and the shape is easily recognized. On the other hand, an electric pole is illustrated outside the range of the direct measurement object. The object such as the illustrated electric pole is relatively unaffected by the behavior that occurs on the slope, and can maintain its position and the like.

According to the present invention, a tip of a rock head or the like belonging to the range of the direct measurement object and a utility pole or the like belonging to the outside of the measurement object range are used as markers, and a relative distance variation therebetween is calculated by a computer. By performing the processing, a change in the state of the ground surface is detected.

More specifically, as shown in FIG.
That is, the tip of the rock head or the like is set as a feature point, and the latter, ie, a utility pole or the like, is set as a reference point. Then, the distance between the reference point and each feature point is calculated. Further, the same processing is performed on images captured at different times. Needless to say, both the previous image and the later image are images of the same subject, that is, the ground surface. For images captured at different times, the distance between the reference point and each feature point is calculated, and by comparing them, the displacement of each feature point can be detected. If you take two images as described above,
Even if there is some deviation in the elevation angle, no problem arises because the relative distances of the feature points with respect to the reference point are compared.

In the above, for ease of understanding, the reference point has been described as belonging outside the range of the direct measurement object, but the present invention is not limited to this. Since the reference point is a reference point for calculating the displacement of the feature point, the reference point is affected by the behavior of the slope, which itself is extremely changed or its position is extremely fluctuated. Although it is not so preferable, the influence can be reduced by setting a plurality of reference points, as described later, if the change is slight.

Hereinafter, a method of measuring a change in the state of the ground surface using an image obtained by photographing the state of the ground surface on an inclined land will be described more specifically.

First, two images obtained by photographing the state of the ground surface at different times from each other are prepared. The older one is called a first image at a first time, and the newer one is called a second image at a second time. As described above, these are images of the ground surface as the same subject, but the elevation angles and the like at the time of the imaging may be shifted from each other.

Next, a plurality of feature points and reference points are selected. These feature points and reference points are substantially selected as described above, but when precisely defined in relation to the following processing, they are as follows, respectively. That is, a feature point is a feature on the ground surface shown on the first and second images and has a feature that is easily recognizable in shape, and a reference point is a first feature. And points on the ground surface shown on the second image that have features that are easily recognizable in shape and belong to an area that is less susceptible to a change in the state of the ground surface than characteristic points. Say Here, it is assumed that the number of reference points is one.

After selecting the plurality of feature points and the reference points, as described above, the distance between the reference point and each of the plurality of feature points is calculated for each image, and each feature point is calculated. To determine the displacement of Hereinafter, this processing will be described in more detail.

First, with respect to the first image, the distance between the reference point and each of the plurality of feature points is calculated using a computer, and one of the coordinate axes (in a specific two-dimensional coordinate system) of each of the feature points is calculated. The first coordinate value on the first coordinate axis)
Is the coordinate value of. Here, the specific two-dimensional coordinate system is, for example, an XY coordinate system having a specific point as an origin. The first coordinate axis is one of the coordinate axes, and is, for example, the X axis, and the first coordinate value is the value of the X coordinate. As is clear from this description, since the calculation is performed using a computer, the first image is converted into data at any point during the processing up to this point. Similarly, the second image is converted into data.

Next, similarly for the second image, the distance between the reference point and each of the plurality of feature points is calculated using a computer. Then, the calculation result is set as a second coordinate value which is a coordinate value on the other coordinate axis (second coordinate axis) in the specific two-dimensional coordinate system for each feature point. According to the example described above, the second coordinate axis is the Y axis, and the second coordinate value is the value of the Y coordinate.

At this point, for each feature point,
Both coordinate values on the X coordinate axis and the Y coordinate axis are set. That is, by the processing so far, tables and graphs as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4 are created as images. FIG. 3 shows the result of calculating the relative distance of each feature point to the reference point A for each image. FIG. 4 is a plot of XY coordinates based on both components shown in FIG. 3 as an example.

Subsequently, using a computer, a characteristic equation is calculated from both coordinate values in a specific two-dimensional coordinate system for all feature points. The characteristic equation includes, for example, a regression line of the second coordinate value with respect to the first coordinate value. In the following, description will be made assuming that such a regression line is selected as a characteristic equation.

That is, according to the above-described example, a regression line of Y to X as shown in FIG. 5 is calculated from the X and Y coordinate values of all feature points by the least square method. FIG.
Shows, as an example, a regression line of y = x. In the present embodiment, such a regression line (y = x) is obtained when there is almost no state change for each feature point.

Thereafter, the deviation from the characteristic equation calculated for each feature point is measured using a computer. In the above example, since the regression line is calculated as the characteristic equation, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, the X and Y coordinates of each feature point are superimposed on the regression line on the XY coordinate system. May simply be plotted. However, the displayed deviation may be small depending on only such processing. In such a case, as shown in FIG. 7, the deviation may be amplified and displayed using the regression line as a reference line. Such display change and the like can be easily performed by processing with a computer. Here, the deviation from the regression line measured for each feature point corresponds to the displacement amount of the feature point with respect to the reference point.

If the deviation from the regression line for each feature point is displayed, it is possible to judge a change in the state of the ground surface from the first time to the second time based on the displayed deviation. Specifically, among the feature points, if there is a displayed feature point having a large deviation, it can be determined that the vicinity of the feature point is a large displacement area that has moved during the first and second times. . For example, in the examples of FIGS. 6 and 7, it can be determined that the vicinity of the feature point (P ₅ ) is a large displacement area that has moved during the first and second times.

In the above description, the case where the number of reference points is one has been described. However, when the number of reference points is two or more, it is easier to determine a change in the state of the ground surface.

For example, assuming that two reference points are A and B, a regression line is obtained from the distance between the reference point A and each of the plurality of feature points, and the regression line between the reference point B and each of the plurality of feature points is determined. A regression line is determined from the distance between the two. That is, taking FIGS. 3 and 6 as an example, the same is created for the reference point B.

Next, for each feature point, the deviation from each regression line obtained for each of the reference point A and the reference point B is measured using a computer. That is, when focusing on one feature point, two deviations, that is, a deviation from the regression line obtained for the reference point A and a deviation from the regression line obtained for the reference point B are obtained.

By using a computer to combine the deviation from the two regression lines and the positional relationship between the reference points A and B, a specific 2
A dimensional quantity (vector quantity) can be calculated. This vector quantity indicates the displacement that the one feature point has moved between the first and second times.

Needless to say, this processing is performed for all the feature points, and the display of the vector amount may be replaced by displaying the amplified signal as needed. The displacement amount (vector amount) for each feature point obtained by such processing is displayed, for example, as shown in FIG.

Hereinafter, a recording medium storing a program for causing a computer to have a function equivalent to that of a ground surface image monitoring device and a computer applicable to the ground surface state change measuring method of the present invention will be described. This will be described in detail with reference to the drawings in addition to the drawings.

(First Embodiment) A ground surface image monitoring apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention is capable of monitoring a landslide or a rock collapse based on a change in the ground surface on a sloping land to be monitored (hereinafter referred to as a specific area). As shown in FIG. 9, the image data input means 101, the feature point designating means 102, the feature point holding means 103, the reference point designating means 104, Point means 10
5, a relative distance calculating means 106, a characteristic equation calculating means 107, a feature point displacement calculating means 108, and a display means 10
9 and control means 110. Each of these components operates as follows.

The image data input means 101 is for inputting, as an input image (input image data), an image obtained by photographing the ground surface of a specific area to be monitored. In particular, the image data input unit 101 inputs a first image and a second image as first and second input images, respectively. Here, the first image is an image obtained by photographing the state of the ground surface of the specific area at the first date and time, and the second image is the image of the ground surface of the specific area at the second date and time. It is an image obtained by photographing a state. The second date and time is a date and time after the first date and time.

The first and second input images are sent to the feature point holding means 103, the reference point holding means 105, the feature point displacement calculating means 108, and the display means 109, respectively. In the means 109, these first
And the second input image, that is, the first and second images are displayed. Note that the timing at which the first and second input images are output to each unit follows a control signal (CONT) from the control unit 110 as described later.

The image data input means 101 may be constituted, for example, as shown in FIG. That is, in FIG.
01 is an image capturing unit 1011 and an image capturing unit 101
1 and a ground surface image database means 1012 connected to the control unit 1. More specifically, the image capturing unit 1011 captures the first and second images and outputs them as the first and second input images. Further, the ground surface image database means 1012 can store the input image in association with the shooting date and time and the shooting location.

The feature point designating means 102 designates a plurality of feature points appearing on the input image. In particular, the feature point designating means 102 designates a plurality of first and second feature points on the first and second input images, respectively. In the present embodiment, the user (operator) refers to the first and second images (first and second input images) displayed on the display unit, and
Is used to specify each feature point.

At the time of this designation, each of the plurality of first feature points is assigned a unique number on the first input image (see the leftmost column in FIG. 3). That is, when focusing only on the first input image, there is no feature point assigned the same number. On the other hand, each of the plurality of second feature points is assigned a unique number on the second input image. That is, when attention is focused only on the second input image, there is no feature point assigned the same number.
Furthermore, the same number is assigned to one of the plurality of first feature points and the corresponding second feature point.

The definition of the feature points is substantially the same as that in the above-mentioned method. If the expression is changed so as to be suitable for the present embodiment, a feature point is a feature that appears on the ground surface on the input image and has a feature that is easily recognized in shape.

The feature point holding means 103 is connected to the feature point designating means 102 and holds information relating to each feature point.

In the present embodiment, the feature point holding means 103 is further connected to the image data input means 101, and calculates the coordinate position of each feature point on the first and second input images, and It is stored as second feature point position data. That is, the information on the feature points in the present embodiment is feature point position data.

In this case, the feature point holding means 103 first receives the first and second input images from the image data input means 101, and the feature point designating means 102
And a second feature point is designated. Next, the feature point holding unit 103 calculates a coordinate position on the first input image for each of the plurality of specified first feature points, and similarly, calculates each of the plurality of second feature points. , The coordinate position on the second input image is calculated. Further, the feature point holding unit 103 converts the coordinate position calculated for each of the first and second input images for each of the first and second feature points into the first and second feature point positions as described above. Retain as data.

Each of these feature point position data includes information on a unique number assigned to a corresponding feature point, and information on whether the feature point is a first feature point or a second feature point. Can be distinguished from each other.

Incidentally, the timing of the calculation processing of the characteristic point position data in the characteristic point holding means 103 is controlled by a control signal (CONT) from the control means 110 as described later.

The reference point designating means 104 is for designating a reference point appearing on the input image. In particular, the reference point designating means 104 displays, on the first and second images,
At least one reference point (referred to as first and second reference points, respectively) is designated. In the present embodiment, the user (operator) refers to the first and second input images displayed on the display unit 109 while referring to the reference point designating unit 104.
, The first and second reference points are designated.

At this time, a unique number is assigned to the first reference point on the first input image. Similarly, a unique number is assigned to the second reference point on the second input image. The first reference point and the corresponding second reference point are assigned the same number. When a plurality of first and second reference points are designated, they are distinguished from each other by this unique number. Therefore, even when a plurality of reference points are specified on the first and second input images, if attention is paid to one of the input images, there is no reference point assigned the same number. Will not.

The definition of the reference point is substantially the same as that in the method described above. If the expression is changed so as to be suitable for the present embodiment, the feature point is a feature on the ground surface that appears on the input image, and is less susceptible to a change in the state of the ground surface than the feature point. It is a point estimated.

The reference point holding means 105 is connected to the reference point designating means 104 and holds information relating to the reference points.

In the present embodiment, the reference point holding means 105 is further connected to the image data input means 101,
The coordinate position of the first reference point on the first input image is calculated, and the coordinate position of the second reference point on the second input image is calculated. Store as data. That is, in the present embodiment, the information on the reference point is the reference point position data.

In this case, the reference point holding unit 105 first receives the first and second input images from the image data input unit 101 and receives designation of the reference point by the reference point designation unit 104. Next, the reference point holding means 105
Calculates coordinate positions on the first and second input images for the specified first and second reference points. Further, the reference point holding means 105 holds the coordinate positions calculated for the first and second reference points as first and second reference point position data, respectively.

These processes are performed for each reference point when a plurality of first and second reference points are designated, respectively, and the first and second reference point position data obtained thereby are obtained. Is the information of the unique number assigned to the reference point corresponding to each other, and the first reference point or the second reference point, as in the case of the first and second feature point position data. Contains information about whether there is. Therefore, even when a plurality of reference points are designated, each of the first and second reference point position data is distinguished from each other. The timing of the calculation processing of the first and second reference point position data in the reference point holding means 105 is controlled by a control signal (CONT) from the control means 110 as described later.

The relative distance calculation means 106 is connected to the feature point holding means 103 and the reference point holding means 105, receives information on the feature points and the reference points, and controls a plurality of feature points relative to the reference points on the input image. This is for calculating the distance. In particular, in the present embodiment, the relative distance calculation means 106 receives a plurality of first and second feature point position data and first and second reference point position data, and
For each of the feature points, a relative distance between the plurality of first feature points with respect to the first reference point on the first input image is calculated as a first relative distance, and for each of the second feature points, The relative distance of the plurality of second feature points from the second reference point on the second input image is calculated as a second relative distance.

The relative distance calculation processing by the relative distance calculation means 106 is performed for each of the first and second reference points when there are a plurality of reference points. Also, the first and second coordinate distances calculated in this way are the first and second coordinates, which are the coordinate values on the first and second coordinate axes on a specific two-dimensional coordinate system, respectively. Treated as a value.

The characteristic equation calculation means 107 is connected to the relative distance calculation means 106, and is used to check the correlation between the first and second relative distances of each feature point with respect to the reference point on the first and second input images. This is for calculating a characteristic equation used in the calculation. In particular, in the present embodiment, the characteristic equation calculation means 107 calculates a regression line as a characteristic equation, and is therefore called the regression line calculation means 107.

More specifically, the regression line calculation means 107 sets the first and second coordinate distances as the first and second coordinate values, and calculates the first and second coordinate values for all the feature points from the first and second coordinate values.
The regression line of the second coordinate value with respect to the coordinate value of is calculated.
The calculated regression line is output as regression line data. Assuming that the specific two-dimensional coordinate system is an XY coordinate system according to the above-described example, the first and second coordinate values are:
The coordinate value on the X coordinate axis and the coordinate value on the Y coordinate axis are obtained. Also, the regression line is a regression line of the Y coordinate value with respect to the X coordinate value.

The process of calculating the regression line data in the regression line calculation means 107 is performed for each reference point (information about the reference point). The regression line calculation processing performed by the regression line calculation means 107 is controlled by the control signal (CONT) from the control means 110, such as its timing, as described later.

The feature point displacement calculating means 108 is connected to the relative distance calculating means 106 and the characteristic equation calculating means 107, and based on the first and second coordinate values and the characteristic equations relating to a plurality of feature points, a first date and time. As a degree of displacement of each feature point from to the second date and time, a shift of each feature point from the characteristic equation, that is, a shift on a specific two-dimensional coordinate system is calculated. In particular, in the present embodiment, since the characteristic equation calculation means 107 is a regression line calculation means 107 for calculating a regression line as a characteristic equation, the feature point displacement calculation means 108 has the first and second coordinates. Based on the values and the regression line data, the deviation of each feature point from the regression line on a specific two-dimensional coordinate system is calculated as the degree of displacement of each feature point. In addition, the process of calculating the deviation of each feature point by the feature point displacement calculating unit 108 is similar to the process of calculating the regression line by the regression line calculating unit 107 described above. If specified, it is performed for each of the reference points (information about the reference points).

In particular, when two or more reference points are set, the feature point displacement calculating means 108 may operate as follows. It is assumed that the feature point displacement calculating means 108 is further connected to the image data input means 101 and receives the first and second input images. In this case, the feature point displacement calculating means 108 is the regression line calculating means 1
From 07, regression line data calculated for each reference point, that is, a plurality of regression line data is obtained. Moreover,
The feature point displacement calculation means 108 performs the above processing for each reference point, that is, for each regression line data. Therefore,
From the viewpoint of each feature point, a plurality of deviations from the regression line on a specific two-dimensional coordinate system can be obtained. Since the deviation from each regression line indicates the relationship between the corresponding reference point and the feature point, a plurality of deviations are obtained for each feature point in this manner, and the first and second deviations are obtained. When the synthesis processing is performed on the input image of the first and second input images, a two-dimensional displacement on the first and second input images can be calculated. The two-dimensional displacement amount determined in this way corresponds to, for example, the direction and magnitude of the vector when the displacement on the image is considered as a vector. The result will be visually displayed later on the display means 109. In consideration of the visibility of the operator at that time, for example, the number of pixels corresponding to the size of the vector at the time of display is determined. It is also possible to uniformly increase the magnitude of the vector indicating the displacement, for example, to triple the magnitude for all the feature points (see FIG. 8).

In the feature point displacement calculating means 108,
The processing for calculating the deviation from the regression line for each feature point and the processing for calculating the two-dimensional displacement amount of each feature point when a plurality of reference points are designated are performed by the control unit 110 as described later. It is controlled by a control signal (CONT).

The display means 109 is an image data input means 1
01 and the feature point displacement calculation means 108, and displays the data content received from each means. That is, the display unit 109 receives the first and second input images from the image data input unit 101 and displays the first and second input images. When the information about the displacement calculated for each point is received, the displacement, that is, the second
The degree of displacement that has occurred up to the date and time is displayed. Further, when the feature point displacement calculation means 108 calculates a two-dimensional displacement amount for each feature point according to the plurality of reference point settings, the display means 109 displays the first or second input image. , And the two-dimensional displacement amount is superimposed and displayed as a vector. The display of each data is performed according to a control signal (CONT) from the control unit 110 described below.

Control means 110 is an input means (not shown)
Receiving an instruction (user request) from an operator according to the image data input means 101 and the feature point holding means 10
3. reference point holding means 105, relative distance calculation means 106,
Characteristic equation calculation means 107, feature point displacement calculation means 10
8. Output a control signal (CONT) for controlling each operation of the display means 109 as described above.

The ground surface image monitoring apparatus according to the present embodiment having the above-described configuration operates roughly as follows.

When the first and second input images output from the image data input means 101 are input to the display means 109, the first and second input images (the first and second images) are displayed on the display means 109. ) Is displayed. The operator refers to the first and second input images displayed on the display unit 109 and refers to the feature point designation unit 102 and the reference point designation unit 104.
Specifies a plurality of first feature points and first reference points for the first input image, and specifies a plurality of second feature points and second reference points for the second input image. . When a plurality of first and second feature points and first and second reference points are specified, they are respectively stored in the feature point holding unit 103 and the reference point holding unit 105 in the first and second features. The data is held as point position data and reference point position data, and is used in a process for calculating a relative distance of each feature point with respect to the reference point in the relative distance calculation means 106. The relative distance calculation means 106 calculates a first relative distance that is a relative distance between a first reference point and each first feature point on the first input image, and calculates a first relative distance on the second input image. Is calculated as the relative distance between the second reference point and each second feature point. The characteristic equation calculating means 107 receives the first and second relative distances, calculates a characteristic equation, and outputs the calculated characteristic equation to the characteristic point displacement calculating means 108. The feature point displacement calculation means 108 calculates a deviation from the characteristic equation for each feature point, converts the deviation into itself or another displacement amount, and outputs it to the display means 108 as the degree of displacement for each feature point. In response to this, the display unit 109 displays the degree of the displacement, and can provide a material suitable for the operator to determine the state of the inclined surface.

Such a ground surface image monitoring device may be modified as follows.

Referring to FIG. 11, one modification is shown. The ground surface image monitoring device shown in FIG.
Are different in the contents of the first and second input images output from the image data input means 101 and in the method of setting feature points and reference points, as compared with the ground surface image monitoring apparatus shown in FIG.

In the ground surface image monitoring apparatus shown in FIG. 11, the image data input means 101 sends the first and the first images taken as follows to the feature point designating means 102 and the reference point designating means 104. First and second input images corresponding to the second image are input.

First, when photographing the first and second images,
A mark that can be easily distinguished from the ground surface itself is arranged at a predetermined position on the ground surface to be a subject. These marks are
Anything that is sufficiently small with respect to the inclined surface and that can be easily distinguished from the ground surface of the sloping ground in the captured image may be used. Alternatively, a light emitting device such as a small light or a small piece coated with a luminous paint may be used. When a reflecting prism or a reflecting plate is used as a mark, the entire photograph is taken dark at the time of shooting, and the mark is raised by flashing. In addition, it is preferable that each of the marks remains attached to the same object such as the tip of a bedrock between the time of capturing the first image and the time of capturing the second image. Hereinafter, a mark arranged at a predetermined position to be a reference point is called a reference point mark, and a mark arranged at a predetermined position to be a feature point is called a feature point mark.

Then, when photographing the first and second images, photographing is performed so as to include these characteristic point marks and reference point marks. Naturally, the first and second images obtained as a result also include feature point marks and reference point marks. Data obtained by converting the first and second images into data are the first and second input images in this example. The first and second input images are input by the image data input unit 101 to the feature point specifying unit 102 and the reference point specifying unit 103.

The feature point designating means 102 and the reference point designating means 104 perform the first
By analyzing the positions on the input image, the plurality of first feature points and the first reference points are automatically specified, and similarly, the plurality of second feature points and the first
Are automatically and periodically designated.

In the ground surface image monitoring apparatus of this embodiment, the processing after the feature point and the reference point are designated in this way is the same as that in the above-described ground surface image monitoring apparatus shown in FIG. .

(Second Embodiment) As shown in FIG. 12, a ground surface image monitoring apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention comprises an input means 201 for receiving an input from a user, A ground surface image database 202 which is a database of surface image data, a display means 203, and a change in the ground surface is calculated by acquiring and processing the ground surface image data from the ground surface image database 202 in response to an input from a user. And a ground surface change calculation unit 204 that can display the calculation result on the display unit 203. Here, the ground surface image database can store a plurality of images obtained by shooting the state of the ground surface at different times as a plurality of ground surface image data in association with the shooting date and time and the shooting location. .

The ground surface change calculating means 204 further includes an event generating section 2041, an event control section 2042, a memory section 2043, a display control section 2044, a database control event processing section 2045, and a feature point setting event processing section 2.
046, a reference point setting event processing unit 2047, a characteristic equation calculation event processing unit 2048, and a feature point displacement calculation event processing unit 2049.

The event generating section 2041 generates an event and is connected to the input means 201. Specifically, the event generating unit 2041 first receives an input from the input unit 201, and determines whether the input is to generate any one of a plurality of predetermined events. I do. As a result of that judgment,
If the input is to generate any one event, an event signal indicating the content of the one event is generated. On the other hand, if the result of the determination is that the input is to simply input data, the data is output.
It is needless to say that the events that can be set in advance do not necessarily correspond to the respective processing units illustrated, and may correspond to the respective processing units not illustrated.

The event control section 2042 receives an event signal from the event generation section 2041, generates an event control signal corresponding to one event, outputs the event control signal to a processing section corresponding to the event, and outputs a signal from each processing section. Upon receipt of the request, an instruction corresponding to the request is also output. The event control unit 2042 is also connected to the memory unit 2043, and controls recording of data in the memory unit 2043.

As described above, the memory unit 2043 stores the data sent from the event control unit 2043, and outputs the stored data to the event control unit 2043 according to the control from the event control unit 2043. I do.

[0091] The display control unit 2044 is the event control unit 2
In response to the event control signal output by the output control unit 043, if the event control signal indicates display of some processing result in the ground surface change calculation unit 204, the display unit 203 is controlled according to the event control signal. To display the processing result. In particular,
The display control unit 2044 controls the ground surface image database 202.
The display unit 203 is caused to display the ground surface image data acquired from, and display the processing result of the feature point displacement calculation event processing unit 2049 described later.

Database control event processing unit 2045
Receives the corresponding event control signal from the event control unit 2042, and performs control processing of the ground surface image database 202. Specifically, when the event control signal indicates that the first and second ground surface image data are obtained from the ground surface image database 202, the database control event processing unit 2045 starts the processing. Here, the first ground surface image data is data relating to a first image obtained by photographing the state of the ground surface at the first date and time.
Further, the second ground surface image data is data relating to a second image obtained by photographing the state of the ground surface at a second date and time that is a date and time after the first date and time. Upon receiving the event control signal having the content as described above, the database control event processing unit 2045 starts communication with the ground surface image database 202 and acquires the first and second ground surface image data. . After that, the database control event processing unit 2045 causes the memory unit 2043 to store the acquired first and second ground surface image databases through the event control unit 2042. Further, the database control event processing unit 2045 includes the event control unit 2
Display unit 20 through the display control unit 2042 and the display control unit 2044.
3, the first and second image data are sent to the first and second image data.
Display the image.

When the event control signal indicates a feature point setting event for setting a feature point, the feature point setting event processing unit 2046 performs a process for setting a feature point according to the event control signal. Here, the feature point is
This is a feature that is commonly displayed on the first and second images and is easily recognized in shape.

More specifically, the feature point setting event processing unit 20
46 receives the event control signal indicating the feature point setting event, and performs a process of setting feature points based on the first and second ground surface image data stored in the memory unit 2043. This processing may be performed by the user by prompting the user to make a setting from the input unit 201. Alternatively, as in the modification of the first embodiment, the slope may be set at the time of capturing the first and second images. At the same time, the position may be set by analyzing the position of the photographed mark. This feature point setting process is performed for the number of required feature points. When a plurality of feature points are set in this way, the feature point setting event processing unit 2046
Calculates the coordinate positions of the plurality of feature points on the first and second images. The coordinate positions calculated for each of these feature points are respectively transmitted through the event control unit 2042.
It is stored in the memory unit 2043 as feature point data.
The feature point data includes information on a unique number assigned to the corresponding feature point and the like.

When the event control signal indicates a reference point setting event for setting a reference point, reference point setting event processing section 2047 performs processing for setting a reference point according to the event control signal. Here, the reference point is
Features that are commonly displayed on the first and second images, have features that are easily recognized in shape, and belong to an area that is less susceptible to a change in the state of the ground surface than feature points. Is a point.

More specifically, the reference point setting event processing unit 20
47 receives the event control signal indicating the reference point setting event, and performs a process of setting the reference point based on the first and second ground surface image data stored in the memory unit 2043. This processing may be performed by the user by prompting the user to make a setting from the input unit 201. Alternatively, as in the modification of the first embodiment, the slope may be set at the time of capturing the first and second images. At the same time, the position may be set by analyzing the position of the photographed mark. Further, the reference point setting processing may be performed only once, or may be performed a plurality of times to set a plurality of reference points. When the reference point is set in this way, the reference point setting event processing unit 2047
Calculates the coordinate position of the reference point on each of the first and second images. The calculated coordinate position is stored as reference point data in the memory unit 2043 through the event control unit 2042. The reference point data includes information on a unique number assigned to the reference point.

Characteristic equation calculation event processing section 2048
Receives an event control signal indicating a characteristic equation calculation event for calculating a characteristic equation determined based on a reference point and a plurality of feature points, and performs a characteristic equation calculation process as described below. In the present embodiment, the characteristic equation calculation event processing unit 2048 calculates a regression line as a characteristic equation. Therefore, hereinafter, the characteristic equation calculation event processing unit 2048 is also referred to as a regression line calculation event processing unit 2048. Also, with this,
The characteristic equation calculation event is also called a regression line calculation event. The following processing is performed for each reference point.

The regression line calculation event processing unit 2048
First, upon receiving an event control signal indicating a regression line calculation event, the first and second events stored in the memory unit 2043 are received.
Of each of the reference points and the plurality of feature points on the image of FIG. Thereby, the regression line calculation event processing unit 2048 obtains the positional relationship between each feature point and the reference point.

When the feature point data and the reference point data are obtained, the regression line calculation event processing unit 2048 calculates the distance between the reference point and each of the plurality of feature points on each of the first and second images. I do. For the first image, each distance calculated for each of the plurality of feature points with respect to the reference point is:
The coordinate value (first coordinate value) on one coordinate axis (first coordinate axis) in the specific two-dimensional coordinate system for the corresponding feature point is set. Here, an example of the specific two-dimensional coordinate system includes, for example, an XY coordinate system, and the first coordinate axis includes an X axis. In this case, the first coordinate value is an X coordinate value. On the other hand, with respect to the second image, each distance calculated for each of the plurality of feature points with respect to the reference point is on the other coordinate axis (second coordinate axis) in the specific two-dimensional coordinate system for the corresponding feature point. (Second coordinate value). According to the above example, the second coordinate axis is
The second coordinate value is the value of the Y coordinate value. These calculated first and second coordinate values are stored in the memory unit 2043 through the event control unit 2042 as first coordinate data and second coordinate data, respectively.

When two coordinate values in the specific two-dimensional coordinate system are obtained for all the characteristic points, the regression line calculation event processing unit 2048 further performs the first And the second coordinate value is used to calculate a regression line of the second coordinate value with respect to the first coordinate value. According to the above example, the calculated regression line is X
It is a regression line of the value of a Y coordinate with respect to the value of a coordinate. The regression line calculated in this way is
2, and is stored as regression line data in the memory unit 2043.

Feature point displacement calculation event processing unit 2049
Receives the event control signal indicating the calculation of the displacement of the feature point, and calculates the displacement for each feature point. Specifically, upon receiving the event control signal indicating the feature point displacement calculation, the feature point displacement calculation event processing unit 2049 first receives the regression line data, the first coordinate data, and the second coordinate data from the memory unit 2043.
Get coordinate data. Next, the feature point displacement calculation event processing unit 2049 calculates the degree of displacement of each feature point as
The deviation of each feature point from the regression line is calculated. Specifically, the distance from the reference point for each feature point is calculated for each of the first and second images in the same manner as the processing in the regression line calculation event processing unit 2048 described above. Two coordinate values on a specific two-dimensional coordinate are obtained for each. As a result, the coordinate position of each feature point on the specific two-dimensional coordinates on which the regression line is drawn can be obtained. If the deviation of the coordinate position from the regression line is calculated,
Based on the reference point used for calculating the regression line, it is possible to quantitatively know how much the feature point has moved.

Here, the displacement calculated for each feature point is
When there is only one reference point, it is the deviation itself from the regression line described above. However, when there are two or more reference points, the following amount may be used as the displacement amount calculated for each feature point. That is,
When there are two or more reference points, it is possible to acquire a deviation based on a plurality of reference points for each feature point. Therefore, by performing the synthesis process, the movement amount on the image for each feature point can be obtained as a vector amount. In this way, the displacement calculated for each feature point is displayed on the display means 203 as the degree of displacement of the feature point via the event control unit 2042 and the display control unit 2044. In particular, when there are two or more reference points and the amount of movement on the image for each feature point is obtained as a vector amount, the degree of displacement of each feature point is displayed as a vector. .

In the above-described second embodiment, the specification of the feature points and the reference points is performed by the input from the user. However, it is also possible to automate as follows.

In this case, the ground surface image database 202
Is different from the previous one, and it is necessary to have the following contents. That is,
In this case, the ground surface image data stored in the ground surface image database 202 is obtained by converting an image photographed so as to include a plurality of feature point marks and reference point marks in addition to the entire ground surface. Is required.
Note that the feature point marks are respectively arranged at predetermined positions on the ground surface serving as feature points so as to be distinguishable from the ground surface itself. Further, the reference point marks are respectively arranged at predetermined positions on the ground surface serving as reference points so as to be distinguishable from the ground surface itself.

In response to this, the feature point setting event processing unit 2046 and the reference point setting event processing unit 2047
Is replaced by: That is, in this case, the feature point setting event processing unit 2046 automatically calculates the positions of the plurality of feature points by analyzing the positions of the plurality of feature point marks on the first and second images. In addition, the reference point setting event processing unit 2047 automatically calculates the position of the reference point by analyzing the position of the reference point mark on the first and second images.

(Third Embodiment) A third embodiment according to the present invention relates to a recording medium on which a program is recorded. Such a recording medium is readable by a computer, and examples thereof include a CD-ROM.

The target computer is provided with a boot ROM for storing a boot program and a memory for storing data, in which an input device such as a mouse and a keyboard and an output device such as a display and a printer are connected. It is. Note that a combination of a computer and an input device and an output device is hereinafter referred to as a computer system.

The computer is provided with, for example, a secondary storage device (regardless of internal or external) such as a hard disk, and a specific operating system (hereinafter, OS) is stored in the secondary storage device. . In view of the fact that a graphical user interface (hereinafter, GUI) is mainly used as a user interface, a description will be given below assuming that the OS includes a user interface such as a window system. However, this is performed for the sake of convenience of description, and does not prevent the realization by, for example, a combination of a kernel and a shell and a client of a window system operating on the shell.

When the power of the computer is turned on, a specific OS runs on the computer by a series of boots according to a boot program. On the specific OS, an application program (hereinafter, AP) developed for the specific OS can be executed. Hereinafter, for the sake of convenience of the description of the present embodiment, the operation after the power is turned on to the computer will be described with reference to FIG.
Simplified as shown in FIG. That is, when the power of the computer is turned on, a series of boots is performed according to the boot program, whereby a specific OS is loaded on the computer (on the memory) and the initial operation of the OS is performed. After that, the OS waits while receiving a processing request of the AP from the user. When the user instructs execution of the AP, the OS becomes executable on the OS.

The AP described below is, of course, capable of realizing, on a computer, the ground surface image monitoring device in the first and second embodiments described above. It is based on the premise that a simple database exists. That is, the database can store a plurality of images obtained by photographing the state of the ground surface on a slope as a plurality of ground surface image data in association with the date and time and place of the photographing, and in the following, It is called a ground surface image database. This ground surface image database may be realized on a computer on which the above-mentioned specific OS is activated, or may be operated on another computer connected to the computer by physical wiring. It may be. That is, it does not matter whether the computer is used stand-alone or on a network.

Under such a premise, the AP can communicate with the ground surface image database. Since the term "communication" is generally used regardless of whether it is used as a stand-alone or on a network as described above, even in this embodiment,
This expression will be adopted. When making a distinction, the former is called virtual communication, and the latter is called realistic communication.

The AP according to the present embodiment uses an event control process, a database control event process, and a feature point setting in order to calculate a change in the state of the ground surface using a plurality of ground surface image data in combination with the OS. Includes instructions for causing a computer to execute each of event processing, reference point setting event processing, regression line calculation event processing, and feature point displacement calculation event processing. Referring to the relationship between the AP and the OS, for example, control of input / output devices required for each process is performed via the OS. In the following, as an example, a specific example will be described in which the AP is executed on a window system, and has a main window and an MDI format in which a plurality of windows can be further opened. Insert the description as needed. Needless to say, it may be in the SDI format, but in the processing of the present AP, it is easier to use the MDI if it is implemented as an MDI.

First, when the AP is started (step S3)
01), an initial operation of the AP is performed according to the contents set in the AP (step S302). For example, the opening screen is displayed, then the common variables of all programs are initialized, the menu of the main window is initialized, and the main window is displayed. Then, the AP shifts to a standby state of waiting for an event.

In this state, if there is an input that causes an event, the event is detected by the event control processing (step S303). That is,
In the event control process, when an input from an input device such as a mouse is received via the OS, first, whether the input is to generate any one of a plurality of predetermined events or not is determined. Is determined. For example, when the mouse is clicked in the main window, the position of the mouse is passed from the OS to the AP, and the action (input) of the received AP is predetermined by the event control unit. It is determined whether any one of the plurality of events is to be generated. More specifically, if the position where the mouse is clicked is the position of a menu, button, or the like on the main window, it is determined that an event corresponding to the position should be generated.

When an event is detected, control of each process is performed according to the detected event (step S304). Specifically, the event that occurred
If any of the feature point setting event, the reference point setting event, the regression line calculation event, the feature point displacement calculation event, the database control event, the display control, and the end, the feature point setting event processing and the reference point setting are respectively performed. One of event processing, regression line calculation event processing, feature point displacement calculation event processing, database control event processing, display control processing, and end processing is performed. Hereinafter, each process will be described in more detail.

If the event that occurred indicates acquisition of the first and second ground surface image data from the ground surface image database, the database control event process (step S3)
09) is performed. This database control event processing is performed by communicating with the ground surface image database and
And the second ground surface image data is obtained, the first and second images are output to an output device such as a display device, and the first and second ground surface image data are stored in a memory. As a result, two child windows are opened in the main window, and the first or second image is displayed for each child window. These processes may be further divided into a plurality of processes. Here, the first and second ground surface image data are data relating to the first and second images obtained by photographing the state of the ground surface at the first and second dates and times, respectively. The second date and time is a date and time after the first date and time. As understood from this processing content, it is preferable that the first and second ground surface image data are stored in the ground surface image database in association with information on the shooting location (site) and the shooting date and time.

If the generated event is a feature point setting event for setting a plurality of feature points, a feature point setting event process (step S305) is performed. The feature point setting event process is to set a plurality of feature points by predetermined means based on the first and second ground surface image data stored in the memory and to set the plurality of feature points. Is a process for calculating coordinate positions on the first and second images and storing the calculated coordinate positions in the memory as feature point position data. In particular,
For example, by designating a point to be a feature point on the first and second images displayed as child windows in the main window with a mouse, the designation of the feature point is selected, and the designated feature point is selected. The above processing is performed by calculating the position in the first and second images. These processes can be further divided into a plurality of processes. Note that the feature point is a feature that is commonly displayed on the first and second images and has a feature that is easily recognized in shape.

If the event that has occurred is a reference point setting event for setting a reference point, reference point setting event processing (step S306) is performed. The reference point setting event processing is to set reference points by predetermined means based on the first and second ground surface image data stored in the memory, and to set the first and second reference points. Is a process for calculating a coordinate position on each image and storing the calculated coordinate position in the memory as reference point position data. Specifically, for example, by specifying (one or more) points as reference points on the first and second images displayed as child windows in the main window, selection of the reference point is performed. The above processing is performed by calculating the position of the designated reference point in the first and second images. These processes can be further divided into a plurality of processes.
The reference point is a feature that is commonly displayed on the first and second images, has a feature that is easy to recognize in shape, and has a change in the state of the ground surface more than the feature point. This is a point belonging to an area that is hardly affected.

If the generated event is a regression line calculation event for calculating a regression line determined based on the reference point and the plurality of feature points, regression line calculation event processing (step S307) is performed.

Here, the regression line calculation event processing is constituted by the following steps. In the regression line calculation event processing, first, feature point position data and reference point position data stored in the memory are obtained. This data acquisition is performed for each of the first and second images. If there are a plurality of reference point position data obtained at this time, one reference point position data is selected from them, and only the selected reference point position data is subjected to the following regression. Processing for calculating a straight line is performed. For the reference point position data that has not been selected, after the regression line calculation processing has been completed for the previously selected reference point position data, the same processing is performed by selecting again as necessary.

Next, the relative distance of each of the plurality of feature points with respect to the reference point designated for the first image is calculated. The distance calculated for each feature point in this way is
A coordinate value (first coordinate axis) on one coordinate axis (referred to as a first coordinate axis) in a specific two-dimensional coordinate system for the corresponding feature point.
Is stored in the memory as the first coordinate data indicating the coordinate value of the data.

Similarly, the distance between the reference point designated for the second image and each of the plurality of feature points is calculated. The distance calculated for each feature point in this manner is calculated by using the coordinate value (called the second coordinate value) on the other coordinate axis (called the second coordinate axis) in the specific two-dimensional coordinate system for the corresponding feature point. It is stored in the memory as the second coordinate data shown.

Subsequently, a regression line of the second coordinate value with respect to the first coordinate value is calculated from the first and second coordinate data for all the feature points. The calculation of the regression line is performed by, for example, the least squares method. More specifically, first, the total sum of the first component data for all the feature points (the number is N: N is an integer) is divided by the number N to obtain the first
, A second value is obtained by dividing the sum of the second component data for all the feature points by the number N, and the product of the first and second component data obtained for each feature point. Is divided by the number N to obtain a third value. Further, by dividing the sum of the squares of the first component data obtained for each feature point by the number N, a fourth value is obtained. The intercept and the slope of the regression line are calculated using the obtained first to fourth values. Specifically, the intercept is obtained by subtracting the product of the first and third values from the product of the second and fourth values, and subtracting the square of the first value from the fourth value. It is obtained by dividing the total value obtained by In addition, the slope is obtained by subtracting the product of the first and second values from the third value, and the entire value obtained by subtracting the square of the first value from the fourth value. Obtained by dividing. As an algorithm for calculating these least squares methods, the Gauss-Jordan method may be used.

The regression line thus calculated is stored in the memory as regression line data. As can be understood from the above description, the regression line data includes information on the intercept and the slope of the regression line.

If the generated event is a feature point displacement calculation event for calculating a feature point displacement, a feature point displacement calculation event process (308) is performed. First, a case where the number of reference points is one, that is, a case where the number of regression line data is one will be described. The feature point displacement calculation event process is to acquire first and second coordinate data and regression line data from a memory, calculate a deviation of each feature point from the regression line as a degree of displacement of each feature point, and calculate This is a process for outputting the result to an output device such as a display unit as the degree of displacement of the feature point. The calculation of the deviation of each feature point from the regression line can be calculated using the information on the intercept and the inclination obtained in the regression line calculation event process and the first and second coordinate data of each feature point. . The information (shift amount) regarding the shift calculated in this way is stored in the memory.

By performing the regression line calculation event processing and the feature point displacement calculation event processing in this manner, it is possible to draw the distribution of the feature points, the regression line itself, and the amount of deviation on the display device. Since there is the first and second coordinate data, it is possible to plot points corresponding to each feature point on a specific two-dimensional coordinate system, and since there is regression line data, the same two-dimensional coordinates A regression line can be drawn on the system. Also, because there is a shift amount,
By uniformly multiplying it, it is possible to draw a graph or the like in which the degree of deviation can be easily determined. The drawing is performed through an event control process (step S304) and a display control process (step S310) described later. Specifically, these are displayed on the display device as child windows opened in the main window.

Next, the feature point displacement calculation event processing when there are a plurality of reference points will be further described. In this case, the deviation of each feature point can be calculated for each regression line. Specifically, the direction of movement of the feature point with respect to the reference point can be calculated from the feature point position data and the reference point position data. For each feature point, a specific two-dimensional movement amount (vector amount) of the feature point can be obtained by synthesizing the moving direction with respect to each of the reference points and the deviation from each of the reference points. After these are calculated, they are stored in the memory and drawn on the display means together with the ground surface image data. Specifically, such a display of the vector amount is displayed in a child window different from the above-described display of the shift amount. With such a display, the operator can
It is possible to easily visually recognize the change in the state of the ground surface.

The display control process (step S310) is a process for displaying the result of another event process or the like on the display device via the OS as needed. In particular, when it is necessary to open a new child window in the main window, it is opened and the processing result of each event process is displayed therein.

The end process (step S311) is executed when the detected event is the end of the AP. If necessary, the end process (step S311) asks whether to save the data in the memory. Then, a process for terminating the AP is performed.

Although the present embodiment has been described as using a regression line to see the correlation between the feature points on the first and second images, other characteristic equations may be used. The good thing goes without saying.

[0131]

As described above, according to the present invention,
The concept of a reference point and a feature point is introduced, and based on a change in the relative distance of the feature point to the reference point on two images obtained by photographing the ground surface of the slope at different times, the state change of the ground surface is determined. Since the calculation was performed by the computer, it was possible to obtain a method capable of easily, effectively and economically judging a change in the state of the ground surface. Further, an apparatus configured based on the method can be obtained.

Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a recording medium on which a program for realizing the same function as that of the apparatus on a computer is recorded.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention which are not shown in the claims will be enumerated.

That is, in an eighth aspect based on the ground surface image monitoring apparatus according to the third aspect, the characteristic equation calculating means calculates the characteristic equation as a characteristic equation of the second coordinate value with respect to the first coordinate value. A ground surface image monitoring device for calculating a regression line.

According to a ninth aspect, in the ground surface image monitoring device according to the eighth aspect, the characteristic equation calculating means uses a least squares method when calculating the regression line. Surface monitoring system.

A tenth aspect of the present invention is the ground surface image monitoring device according to the fourth aspect or the ground surface image monitoring device according to the eighth aspect, wherein the ground point image monitoring device is connected to the characteristic point displacement calculating means, A ground surface image monitoring apparatus, further comprising a display unit for displaying a degree of displacement generated from the first date and time to the second date and time for each time.

According to an eleventh aspect, in the ground surface image monitoring device according to the tenth aspect, the display means comprises:
The image data input means;
Receiving the first and second input images and displaying the first and second images, wherein the feature point designating means and the reference point designating means respectively include the first and second images displayed on the display means.
A ground surface image monitoring apparatus for designating the plurality of feature points and the reference points according to an operation of an operator who can view a second image.

According to a twelfth aspect, in the ground surface image monitoring device according to the tenth or eleventh aspect, input means for receiving an instruction from an operator, the image data input means, and the characteristic point holding means A reference point holding unit, a relative distance calculation unit, a characteristic equation calculation unit, a feature point displacement calculation unit, and a display unit, and the image data input unit and the feature point holding unit in accordance with an instruction from an operator. , Reference point holding means, relative distance calculation means, characteristic equation calculation means, feature point displacement calculation means,
And a control unit for generating a control signal for controlling the operation of the display unit.

According to a thirteenth aspect, in the ground surface image monitoring apparatus according to any one of the tenth to twelfth aspects, the reference point designating means can designate two or more reference points. Wherein the reference point holding means stores the two or more designated reference points, and the characteristic equation calculating means calculates the regression line for each reference point, The feature point displacement calculating means is further connected to the image data input means, and for each feature point, synthesizes the deviation calculated for each reference point on the first or second image, and A ground surface image monitoring apparatus characterized in that a two-dimensional displacement amount on an image is calculated for each feature point and a calculation result is displayed on the display means.

According to a fourteenth aspect, in the ground surface image monitoring device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, or in the ground surface image monitoring device according to any one of the eighth to thirteenth aspects, The image data input means is connected to the image capturing means for capturing the first and second images and outputting the first and second images as the first and second input images. A ground surface image monitoring apparatus comprising: a ground surface image database unit that can store the date and time of shooting and the shooting location in association with each other.

According to a fifteenth aspect, in the ground surface image monitoring device according to the fourth aspect, the characteristic equation calculation event processing unit may determine the characteristic equation as a characteristic equation of the second coordinate value with respect to the first coordinate value. A ground surface image monitoring device for calculating a regression line.

According to a sixteenth aspect of the present invention, in the ground surface image monitoring device according to the fourth aspect, or in the ground surface image monitoring device according to the fifteenth aspect, the feature point displacement calculating section performs the reference point setting event processing. The processing of the reference point setting event is performed a plurality of times by the unit, and accordingly, the processing of the regression line calculation event is performed a plurality of times for each reference point by the characteristic equation calculation event processing unit. Wherein, for each feature point, a two-dimensional displacement amount on the image is calculated for each of the feature points by synthesizing the deviation calculated for each of the reference points. Is a ground surface image monitoring device.

According to a seventeenth aspect, in the ground surface image monitoring device according to claim 4, or in the ground surface image monitoring device according to any one of the fifteenth to sixteenth aspects, the ground surface image database may In addition to the entire ground surface, a plurality of feature point marks provided at predetermined positions so as to be distinguishable from the ground surface itself and provided so as to correspond to the plurality of feature points and the reference points. And an image photographed so as to also include the reference point mark is stored as the ground surface image data, and the feature point setting event processing unit performs the first and second processing on the plurality of feature point marks. By analyzing the position on the image,
The reference point setting event processing unit automatically calculates the positions of the plurality of feature points, and the reference point setting event processing unit analyzes the positions of the reference point marks on the first and second images. A ground surface image monitoring apparatus characterized in that a position of a point is automatically calculated.

In an eighteenth aspect based on the ground surface state change measuring method according to the sixth aspect, a computer calculates a regression line of the second coordinate value with respect to the first coordinate value as the characteristic equation. This is a method for measuring a change in ground surface condition.

A nineteenth invention is characterized in that, in the method for measuring a change in ground surface image state according to the eighteenth invention, the computer is made to calculate the regression line by a least square method when calculating the regression line. This is a method for measuring a change in ground surface condition.

According to a twentieth aspect, in the ground surface state change measuring method according to the nineteenth aspect, a displacement amount of the characteristic point with respect to a reference point is determined by using a deviation from the regression line measured for each characteristic point. This is a method for measuring a change in ground surface condition.

According to a twenty-first aspect, in the ground surface state change measuring method according to the twentieth aspect, the number of reference points is set to two or more, and the regression line is obtained for each of the reference points. The deviation from each regression line is measured for each feature point using a computer, and for each feature point, the displacement obtained for each reference point is synthesized using a computer, thereby providing a two-dimensional image on each feature point image. This is a method for measuring a change in the ground surface state, which comprises calculating a large displacement.

According to a twenty-second aspect, in the recording medium according to the seventh aspect, the characteristic equation calculation event processing includes the characteristic equation as the characteristic equation, wherein the characteristic equation is set to the second coordinate value with respect to the first coordinate value.
A regression line of the coordinate values of the following.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of an image obtained by photographing the ground surface of a slope.

FIG. 2 is a diagram used to explain a reference point and a feature point with reference to FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of a relative distance of each feature point to a reference point A calculated for each of a first image and a second image.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing coordinate positions of respective feature points when plotted on an XY coordinate system based on the data shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a calculated regression line.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example of a case where a regression line and each feature point are superimposed and displayed.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of displaying a deviation from a regression line for each feature point.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example of a case where a movement amount for each feature point is displayed in a vector.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a ground surface image monitoring device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a configuration of an image data input unit in FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a configuration of a modified example of the ground surface image monitoring device shown in FIG. 9;

FIG. 12 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a ground surface image monitoring device according to a second embodiment.

FIG. 13 is a diagram for explaining a schematic operation after the power is turned on to the computer.

FIG. 14 is a diagram showing contents of an application program recorded on a recording medium according to a third embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

101 image data input means 102 feature point designation means 103 feature point holding means 104 reference point designation means 105 reference point holding means 106 relative distance calculation means 107 characteristic equation calculation means (regression line calculation means) 108 feature point displacement calculation means 109 display means 110 control means 1011 image capturing means 1012 ground surface image database means 201 input means 202 ground surface image database 203 display means 204 ground surface change calculation means 2041 event generation section 2042 event control section 2043 memory section 2044 display control section 2045 database control event Processing unit 2046 Feature point setting event processing unit 2047 Reference point setting event processing unit 2048 Characteristic equation calculation event processing unit (regression line calculation event processing unit) 2049 Feature point displacement calculation event processing Department

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A ground surface image monitoring device used for monitoring the state of the ground surface in a specific area, wherein the image data input means is for inputting an image of the ground surface in the specific area as an input image. A first image obtained by photographing the state of the ground surface of the specific area at a first date and time, and a ground image of the specific area at a second date and time that is a date and time after the first date and time. Image data input means for inputting a second image obtained by photographing the state as first and second input images, respectively, and features on the ground surface appearing on the input image, Feature point designating means for designating a plurality of feature points having easily recognizable features, wherein a plurality of feature points on the first input image are designated as first feature points, On the second input image A feature point designating unit that designates the same feature point as the first feature point as a second feature point; a feature point holding unit connected to the feature point designating unit for holding information on the feature point; A reference point designation for designating, as a reference point, a feature on the ground surface appearing on the input image and which is estimated to be less likely to be affected by a change in the state of the ground surface than the feature point Means for selecting a reference point on the first input image and designating it as a first reference point, while, on the second input image, setting the same reference point as the first reference point on the second input image A reference point designating unit for designating a second reference point on a second image; a reference point holding unit connected to the reference point designating unit for retaining information on the reference point; Connected to the holding means and the reference point holding means, A relative distance calculation unit that receives information on the feature point and the reference point, and calculates a relative distance between the plurality of feature points with respect to the reference point on the input image; Calculating a relative distance between the plurality of first feature points with respect to one reference point as a first relative distance, and calculating a relative distance between the plurality of second feature points with respect to the second reference point on the second input image; Second relative distance
A relative distance calculating unit that calculates a relative distance of the characteristic point; and a difference between a feature point and a reference point in the specific area, based on a comparison with the first and second relative distances. A deviation calculating unit for calculating a deviation between the first date and time and the second date and time. 2. The ground surface image monitoring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first and second images input by the image data input unit as the first and second input images are: In addition to the ground surface itself, a plurality of feature points provided at a predetermined position so as to be distinguishable from the ground surface itself, and provided in correspondence with the plurality of feature points and the reference point. The feature point designating means and the reference point designating means are both connected to the image data input means, and the plurality of feature point marks and the reference point marks are captured. The ground surface image monitoring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of feature points and the reference points are automatically designated by analyzing positions on the first and second images. 3. The ground surface image monitoring apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the deviation calculating unit is connected to the relative distance calculating unit, and determines the first relative distance for each feature point in a specific two-dimensional manner. A first coordinate value that is a coordinate value on a first coordinate axis in a coordinate system, and the second relative distance is a second coordinate that is a coordinate value on a second coordinate axis in the specific two-dimensional coordinate system. A characteristic equation calculating means for calculating a characteristic equation from the first and second coordinate values of all the characteristic points, and a plurality of the characteristic points connected to the relative distance calculating means and the characteristic equation calculating means. Based on the first and second coordinate values relating to a point and the characteristic equation, the degree of displacement of each of the characteristic points from the first date and time to the second date and time is calculated as the degree of displacement of each characteristic point from the characteristic equation. The particular quadratic of the point A ground surface image monitoring device, comprising: a feature point displacement calculating means for calculating a deviation on an original coordinate system. 4. A ground surface image monitoring device used to monitor the state of the ground surface in a specific area, wherein input means for receiving an input from a user and a ground surface state of the specific area are mutually recognized. A plurality of images obtained at different times are stored as a plurality of ground surface image data in association with a shooting date and time and a shooting place, a ground surface image database that can be stored, a display unit, and an input from a user. Ground surface image data from the ground surface image database in response to the ground surface image data and processing the ground surface image data to calculate a change in the ground surface, and a ground surface change calculation unit capable of displaying the calculation result on the display unit. In the ground surface image monitoring device, the ground surface change calculation unit is connected to the input unit, and an input from the input unit is one of a plurality of predetermined events. Determine whether or not to generate one of the events, if the input is to generate the one event, while generating an event signal indicating the content of the one event, When the input is for inputting data, an event generating unit for outputting the data; and receiving the event signal from the event generating unit, generating an event control signal corresponding to the one event An event control unit, a memory unit connected to the event control unit, for storing data sent from the event control unit, and the event control signal is used as a result of processing by the ground surface change calculation unit. When indicating the display, according to the event control signal, a display control unit for controlling the display means to display the result of the processing, The event control signal is acquisition of the ground surface image data, and first ground surface image data that is data relating to a first image obtained by photographing the state of the ground surface at a first date and time; When indicating acquisition of second ground surface image data that is data relating to a second image obtained by photographing the state of the ground surface at a second date and time that is a date and time after the first date and time, Communicating with the image database, acquiring the first and second ground surface image data, causing the memory unit to store the first and second ground surface image data through the event control unit, A database control event processing unit for displaying the first and second images on the display means through a control unit and the display control unit; and wherein the event control signal is a first and a second. In the case of indicating a feature point setting event for setting a plurality of feature points having features that are commonly expressed on the image and that are easily recognizable in shape, according to the event control signal, the memory unit Based on the stored first and second ground surface image data, the plurality of feature points are set, and the coordinate positions of the set plurality of feature points on the first and second images are determined. A feature point setting event processing unit for calculating and storing the calculated coordinate position as feature point data in the memory unit through the event control unit; and the event control signal is displayed on the first and second images. A reference point for setting a reference point that has a feature that is commonly expressed and that is easy to recognize in shape and that is less susceptible to a change in the state of the ground surface than the feature point Indicates a configuration event In this case, the reference point is set based on the first and second ground surface image data stored in the memory unit in response to the event control signal, and the first and second reference points are set. A reference point setting event processing unit for calculating a coordinate position on each image and storing the calculated coordinate position as reference point data in the memory unit through the event control unit; and In the case of indicating a characteristic equation calculation event for calculating a characteristic equation determined based on a point and a plurality of feature points, respective reference points on the first and second images stored in the memory unit and Obtaining feature point data and reference point data for a plurality of feature points, calculating a distance between the reference point specified for the first image and each of the plurality of feature points, The separation is stored in the memory unit as first coordinate data indicating a first coordinate value which is a coordinate value on a first coordinate axis in a specific two-dimensional coordinate system for the corresponding feature point, and the second Calculating a distance between the reference point specified for the image and each of the plurality of feature points, and calculating the calculated distance on a second coordinate axis in the specific two-dimensional coordinate system for the corresponding feature point; Is stored in the memory unit as second coordinate data indicating a second coordinate value, which is a coordinate value of, and further, a characteristic equation is calculated from the first and second coordinate data for all the feature points, A regression line calculation event processing unit for storing characteristic equation data indicating a characteristic equation calculated in the memory unit through the event control unit; and an event control signal indicating displacement calculation of the feature point. The first and second coordinate data and the characteristic equation data are acquired from the memory unit, and the specific two-dimensional coordinates of each of the characteristic points from the characteristic equation are obtained as a degree of displacement of each of the characteristic points. A feature point displacement calculator for calculating a shift on the system and displaying the calculation result on the display unit as a degree of displacement of the feature point through the event controller and the display controller. Surface monitoring system. 5. A method for measuring a change in the state of the ground surface using an image obtained by photographing the state of the ground surface in a specific area, the method comprising: The first image is obtained by photographing the surface of the ground, and a point on the ground surface shown in the first image, which is estimated to be hardly affected by a change in the state of the ground surface, is selected as a reference point. And selecting a plurality of feature points having features having other features that are easily recognizable in terms of shape, with respect to the first image, a distance between the reference point and each of the plurality of feature points. Is calculated using a computer,
Obtaining first distance data, capturing a ground image of the specific area at a second time after the first time to obtain a second image, and obtaining the reference point and the reference point on the second image. The distance between each of the plurality of feature points is calculated using a computer,
Obtaining second distance data; and determining a distance between a reference point on the first screen and a plurality of feature points and a reference on a second screen from the first distance data and the second distance data. Determining a correlation between a distance between a point and a plurality of characteristic points, and measuring a change in a state of the ground surface of the specific area between the first time and the second time. State change measurement method. 6. The ground surface state change measuring method according to claim 5, wherein a distance between a reference point on the first image and the plurality of feature points and a reference point on the second screen are a plurality of points. The correlation with respect to the distance between the characteristic points is obtained by calculating the first and second distance data for all characteristic points by using coordinate values on first and second coordinate axes in a specific two-dimensional coordinate system, respectively. Using a computer, a characteristic equation is calculated from the first and second coordinate values for each of the characteristic points using a computer, and is determined by the first and second coordinate values. The deviation of the coordinate position obtained from the calculated characteristic equation is obtained by measuring using a computer, whereby the displacement moved near the characteristic point where the deviation is large between the first and second times. Is a large area of Ground surface conditions change measurement method which is characterized in that the cross-sectional. 7. A boot RO for storing a boot program
A computer having a memory for storing M and data and having an input device and an output device connected thereto, wherein the operating system is operated on the computer by a series of boots according to a boot program. A computer capable of executing an application program on the computer, and the application program is a database operating on the computer or a database connected to the computer via a network,
A plurality of images obtained by photographing the state of the ground surface on a sloping land, as a plurality of ground surface image data, can be stored in a ground surface image database that can be stored in association with the date and time and place of the photographing, or virtual or real. For a computer capable of performing basic communication, in order to calculate the state change of the ground surface using the plurality of ground surface image data, an input from the input device is input via an operating system. Receiving, determining whether the input is to generate any one of a plurality of predetermined events, and if the input is to generate the one event, An event control process for generating event control data in response to the input, wherein the one event is generated from the ground surface image database; Acquiring ground surface image data, wherein the first ground surface image data is data relating to a first image obtained by photographing the state of the ground surface at a first date and time, and after the first date and time. Communication with the ground surface image database when indicating acquisition of second ground surface image data which is data relating to a second image obtained by photographing the state of the ground surface at the second date and time And the first
Database control event processing for acquiring the first and second ground surface image data, and outputting the first and second images to the output device, and storing the first and second ground surface image data in the memory, A case where the one event is a feature point setting event for setting a plurality of feature points having features that are commonly displayed on the first and second images and are easily recognizable in shape. Based on the first and second ground surface image data stored in the memory, the plurality of feature points are set by predetermined means, and the first and second feature points are set. Calculate the coordinate position on each image of
A feature point setting event process for storing the calculated coordinate position as feature point data in the memory, wherein the one event is a feature commonly expressed on the first and second images, and Has features that are easy to recognize
In addition, when a reference point setting event for setting a reference point belonging to an area less susceptible to a change in the state of the ground surface than the feature point is indicated, the first and second ground surface images stored in the memory Based on the data, the reference point is set by predetermined means, the coordinate position of the set reference point on each of the first and second images is calculated, and the calculated coordinate position is stored in the memory as a reference point. A reference point setting event process for storing as data, wherein the one event indicates a characteristic equation calculation event for calculating a characteristic equation determined based on the reference point and a plurality of feature points, Acquiring feature point data and reference point data for each of the reference points and a plurality of feature points on the first and second images stored in the memory, and specifying the feature point data and the reference point data for the first image. A distance between the reference point and each of the plurality of feature points is calculated, and each calculated distance is a coordinate value on a first coordinate axis in a specific two-dimensional coordinate system for the corresponding feature point. 1 is stored in the memory as first coordinate data indicating a coordinate value of 1, and a distance between the reference point designated for the second image and each of the plurality of feature points is calculated. Represents a second coordinate value that is a coordinate value on a second coordinate axis in the specific two-dimensional coordinate system for the corresponding feature point.
Storing in the memory as coordinate data, further calculating a characteristic equation from the first and second coordinate data for all of the feature points, and storing the calculated characteristic equation in the memory as characteristic equation data. When the one event indicates a feature point displacement calculation event for calculating the displacement of the feature point, the first and second coordinate data from the memory and the characteristic equation Acquiring data, calculating, as the degree of displacement of each of the feature points, a deviation of each of the feature points from the characteristic equation on the specific two-dimensional coordinate system, and calculating the calculated result as the degree of displacement of the feature point The feature point displacement calculation event processing for outputting to the output device as A computer-readable recording medium storing an application program including instructions to be executed by a computer.