JP2000223280A - Organic electroluminescent display element - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To impart dummy transparency to enhance luminance so as to improve luminous efficiency and thereby to facilitate the manufacturing of an organic electroluminescent display element. SOLUTION: This element A is composed by providing a positive electrode 1, an organic luminescent film La and a negative electrode 5. In this case, the positive electrode 1 is formed of a translucent conductive film, the negative electrode 5 is formed of a metal film containing a metal having a low work function, and a current-carrying laid-around part 10 formed of a translucent conductive film is connected to and formed on the negative electrode 5.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an organic electroluminescent display device comprising a pair of electrodes and a film (organic light emitting film) made of an organic compound containing an organic light emitting layer between the two electrodes.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, with the diversification of information devices, CR
There is an increasing need for a thin flat display device that consumes less power than T. Such flat display devices include a liquid crystal display device, a plasma display (PDP), and the like. In particular, recently, a self-luminous electroluminescent device having a clear display and a wide viewing angle has been attracting attention. Electroluminescent elements can be broadly classified into inorganic electroluminescent elements and organic electroluminescent elements depending on the materials constituting them, and inorganic electroluminescent elements have already been put to practical use and commercially available as commercial products.

However, the light emission of the inorganic electroluminescence element is so-called collision excitation light emission, in which electrons accelerated by the application of a high electric field collide with the light emission center to emit light.
The application of the above high voltage is required. Therefore, there is a problem that the cost of the peripheral device is increased. In addition, there is also a problem that a full-color display cannot be performed because there is no luminous body that emits blue light.

On the other hand, in an organic electroluminescence element, charges (holes and electrons) injected from both an anode and a cathode are recombined in a luminous body to generate an exciton, which is a luminescent material. That excites the molecule and emits light.
Since it is a so-called injection type light emitting element, it can be driven at a low voltage. In addition, since the light-emitting material is an organic compound, the molecular structure of the light-emitting material can be easily changed, so that an arbitrary color can be obtained. Therefore, the organic electroluminescence element is very promising as a future display element.

The original form of the organic electroluminescence device is a two-layer device having two layers, a hole transport layer and an electron transport layer, and is composed of Tang and VanSlyke.
[CW Tang and SA VanSlyk
e; Appl. Phys. Lett., 51 (1987) 913]. The element is
It comprises an anode, a hole transport layer, an electron transporting light emitting layer, and a cathode, which are formed on a glass substrate.

In such a device, the hole transport layer functions to inject holes from the anode to the electron transporting light emitting layer,
It prevents electrons injected from the cathode from escaping to the anode without recombination with holes, and also serves to confine electrons in the electron-transporting luminescent layer. For this reason, due to the effect of confining electrons by the hole transport layer, recombination of electrons and holes occurs more efficiently than in a device having a single-layer light-emitting structure, and a drastic reduction in driving voltage has become possible.

Saito et al. Have shown that in a device having a two-layer structure, not only an electron transport layer but also a hole transport layer can serve as a light-emitting layer [C. Adachi, T. Tsutsui and S. Sait.
o; Appl. Phys. Lett., 55 (1989) 1489].

Have proposed a three-layer device in which an organic light emitting layer is interposed between a hole transport layer and an electron transport layer as an improvement of the two-layer device [C. Adachi, S. Tokito] , T.
Tsutsui and S. Saito; Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., 27 (198
8) L269]. It consists of an anode, a hole transport layer, a light emitting layer, an electron transport layer, and a cathode laminated on a glass substrate,
Since the hole transport layer functions to confine electrons in the light emitting layer, and the electron transport layer functions to confine holes in the light emitting layer, the luminous efficiency is further improved.

The cathode of an organic electroluminescence device is generally formed by depositing a metal having a small work function on an organic layer to a thickness of about 100 nm.
It is opaque. In the case of using an electrode having a light-transmitting property in both an anode and a cathode in an organic electroluminescent element, the light-emitting element becomes a light-transmitting self-luminous element, and its application range is widened.

In this regard, a transparent organic electroluminescence device is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 8-185894. The device taught by the publication is an electron transport layer,
A thin layer of a few nm having a low work function metal or an alloy thereof having a light-transmitting property is formed between an organic light-emitting film comprising a light-emitting layer and a hole transport layer and a transparent conductive layer, and ITO (Indium TinOxi) is formed thereon.
A transparent conductive layer (anode) made of ITO is provided on the hole transport layer side while a transparent conductive layer (anode) made of de) is formed. In general, when a transparent conductive layer is used as an electrode for the cathode, the energy gap between the cathode and the electron transport layer becomes too large, and the electron injecting property to the organic light emitting film is reduced and the luminous efficiency is deteriorated. This is intended to solve this by inserting a thin layer of a few nm of a low work function metal or its alloy between them.

[0011]

However, when an element having the structure described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. HEI 8-185894 is manufactured, the following problem arises because a thin metal layer having a low work function is employed. In other words, it is difficult to form a thin film of a metal having a low work function, and even if a thin film can be formed, oxidation or the like is likely to occur in the state of the thin film and it is very unstable. It is very difficult to form a conductive layer.

Therefore, the present invention has a pseudo light-transmitting property,
It is an object of the present invention to provide an organic electroluminescent element which has high luminance, good luminous efficiency, and is easy to manufacture.

[0013]

According to the study of the present inventors, from the viewpoint of achieving high luminance and high luminous efficiency in an organic electroluminescence element, a relatively thick film made of a metal having a low work function is formed on the cathode. If such a relatively thick film is used, the light transmittance is reduced or eliminated in that portion, but if the area ratio of the portion to the entire observation region of the element is reduced, Such pseudo-transparent elements that can achieve pseudo-transparency are, for example, camera viewfinders, computer displays, televisions,
Even if it is incorporated into the display screen of other display devices, the windshield of vehicles such as automobiles, the transparent cover of meters, the window glass, etc., it is possible to emit light as necessary without interfering with their intended use and functions. Can be displayed.

The present invention is based on this finding, and in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, in an organic electroluminescence display element having at least an anode, an organic light-emitting film, and a cathode, the anode comprises a light-transmitting conductive film; An organic electroluminescent display element, wherein the cathode is formed of a metal film containing a metal having a low work function, and a conducting portion formed of a light-transmitting conductive film is connected to the cathode. .

The following are examples of the organic light emitting film. From the anode side to the cathode side, a layer in which a hole transfer-related layer and an organic light-emitting layer are laminated. From the anode side to the cathode side, a layer in which a hole transfer-related layer, an organic light-emitting layer, and an electron transfer layer are laminated, from the anode side. An organic light emitting layer and an electron transfer related layer are laminated on the cathode side. The hole transfer related layer and the electron transfer related layer may be provided as needed according to the characteristics of the electrode and the characteristics of the organic light emitting layer. In the above, as the hole transfer-related layer,
a) a hole-injection layer, b) a hole-transport layer, c) a hole-injection layer and a hole-transport layer, and d) a hole-injection-transport layer. The electron transfer-related layer may be any layer selected from the group consisting of a) an electron injection layer, b) an electron transport layer, c) an electron injection layer and an electron transport layer, and d) an electron injection and transport layer. it can. Each of these layers may be appropriately selected and provided according to the characteristics of the electrode and the characteristics of the organic light emitting layer. In the above, for the organic light-emitting layer, for example, all or a part of the hole transport layer or the hole injection transport layer, or all or a part of the electron transport layer or the electron injection transport layer is doped with a fluorescent substance. All or a part of these layers can be used as a light emitting layer.

In any case, according to the organic electroluminescence display device of the present invention, the cathode is made of a metal film containing a metal having a low work function, so that a display with high luminance and high luminous efficiency can be achieved. And even if the cathode does not have a light-transmitting property, since the wiring portion and the anode for energization connected to the cathode are made of a light-transmitting conductive film,
Of the cathode portion, at least a portion directly contributing to the light-emitting display, that is, a portion facing the anode is formed to be narrower, or the area occupied by the portion in an element display screen (observed area of the element) is reduced. Accordingly, the display element according to the present invention can have a pseudo-light-transmitting property and can be applied to various fields. For example, displays for infinders such as cameras, microscopes, telescopes, etc., lighting of clock faces, displays and lighting incorporated in transparent plates such as window glasses and water tanks, head-up displays for automobiles, railway cars, etc. It can be applied to a wide range of fields, such as displays incorporated in mirrors and room mirrors, overlay displays used on other display screens, displays incorporated in trace tablets, and fluorescent display toys.

Any of the organic electroluminescent display elements according to the present invention can be the following display elements. A portion of the cathode that directly contributes to light emission (a portion corresponding to the light emitting portion of the organic light emitting film, that is, a portion facing the anode via the organic light emitting film), and in an extreme case, only that portion is magnesium or lithium. A display element comprising a metal film containing: A display element in which the anode is made of a light-transmitting indium tin oxide compound, the cathode is made of a non-light-transmitting metal film, and the periphery of the cathode is light-transmitting; The organic light-emitting film includes a hole-transfer-related layer disposed on the anode side and an organic light-emitting layer disposed on the cathode side, wherein the anode is formed of a translucent conductive metal oxide film;
The display element, wherein the cathode is formed of an opaque metal film, and a routing portion connected to the cathode is formed of a light-transmitting conductive compound film.

A display element in which the anode and a current-passing portion to be connected to the anode are patterned on a transparent substrate with an ITO (Indium Tin Oxide) film, and the cathode is formed of an opaque metal film; . The thickness of the portion between the anode and the cathode is 20 nm to 200 nm;
A display element. Such a film thickness of the element is convenient for lowering the driving voltage while preventing breakdown of the element. A display element in which the width of a line constituting the cathode is 1 mm or less. Such a cathode line width is preferable for making the device pseudo transparent. The lower limit of the line width of the cathode is not particularly limited,
It is also possible to make the mask used in forming the cathode an allowable range of precision, for example, as thin as about 10 μm. -The display element in which the light emitting layer in the organic light emitting film is a layer doped with a fluorescent dye. A fluorescent dye to be doped can be selected, which is advantageous in terms of selection of emission wavelength, emission efficiency, and device life. A display element in which the organic light-emitting film includes an electron transfer-related layer, a light-emitting layer, and a hole transfer-related layer from the cathode side to the anode side;

A display element in which the organic light emitting film includes at least two light emitting portions each having a light emitting pattern individually defined, and each of the light emitting portions is displayed in a different light emitting color. -A display element sealed between two glass substrates. A display element capable of displaying two or more colors. A display element in which the area occupied by the light emitting portion in the organic light emitting film is 1/10 or less of the whole observation area of the element. In other words, a display element in which the area of the light-emitting display portion of the element is 1/10 or less of the entire area of the observation region including the light-emitting display portion and the translucent portion surrounding the light-emitting display portion. Such a display element is preferable in that when the display is superimposed on a transmission image obtained through the display element, the light-emitting display portion does not relatively obstruct the transmission image. The anode and the cathode are provided to drive the display element in a simple matrix, and the display element can be driven in a simple matrix. This element has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture.
Further, the transmittance of the entire display screen can be increased.

[0020]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 to 5 schematically show a schematic configuration of an example of the organic electroluminescent display device according to the present invention. The display element A shown in FIG.
An anode 1 made of a transparent conductive film, an organic light-emitting film La, a cathode 5 made of a metal film containing a metal with a low work function, and a current supply made of a transparent conductive compound film on a transparent substrate G made of a transparent glass or the like. The routing portion 10 is formed by sequentially laminating. Here, the organic light emitting film La is composed of a stacked hole injection / transport layer 2 and organic light emitting layer 3. The hole injection / transport layer 2 is overlaid on the anode 1, and the organic light emitting layer 3 is overlaid on the cathode 5.

A display element B shown in FIG. 2 is a modified example of the display element A. An anode 1, an organic light-emitting film Lb,
The cathode 5 and the wiring portion 10 for energization are sequentially laminated. The organic light emitting film Lb includes a hole injection / transport layer 2, an organic light emitting layer 3 ', and an electron transport layer 6, which are sequentially stacked. The hole injection / transport layer 2 is overlaid on the anode 1, and the electron transport layer 6 is overlaid on the cathode 5.

The display element C shown in FIG. 3 comprises an anode 1 made of a transparent conductive compound film, an organic light emitting film Lc, and a metal film containing a metal having a low work function on a transparent substrate G made of transparent glass or the like. In this structure, a current-carrying portion 10 composed of a cathode 5 and a transparent conductive compound film is sequentially laminated.
The organic light emitting film Lc includes a hole injection layer 7, a hole transport layer 8, an organic light emitting layer 3 ″, an electron transport layer 6, and an electron injection layer 4 that are sequentially stacked. The electron injection layer 4 is superimposed on the cathode 5.

A display element D shown in FIG. 4 is a modified example of the display element C. An anode 1, an organic light emitting film Ld,
A lead portion 10 ′ for energization composed of the cathode 5 and the transparent conductive compound film is sequentially laminated, and the lead portion 10 ′ is further formed.
This is one in which a sealing film 9 is formed thereon. The organic light emitting film Ld has the same configuration as the organic light emitting film Lc in the device shown in FIG. The display element E shown in FIG. 5 includes an anode 1 made of a transparent conductive compound film, an organic light emitting film Le, a cathode 5 made of a metal film containing a metal with a low work function, and a transparent substrate G made of a transparent glass or the like. The wiring portion 10 for energization made of a transparent conductive compound film is sequentially laminated. The organic light emitting film Le includes a hole injection transport layer 2, an organic light emitting layer 30, an electron transport layer 6, and an electron injection layer 4 that are sequentially stacked. The hole injection transport layer 2 is overlaid on the anode 1 and the electron injection layer 4 is overlaid on the cathode 5.

In any of the above display elements, the anode 1
The organic light emitting layer 3 (or 3 ′ or 3 ″ or 30) emits light by applying a predetermined voltage from the power supply PW to the cathode 5 and the cathode 5. In any of the above display elements, the transparent substrate G has an appropriate intensity. Having an organic electroluminescent display element, not adversely affected by heat during film deposition and the like, and is not particularly limited as long as it is transparent.Examples of such a material include a glass substrate, a transparent resin, For example, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethersulfone, polyetheretherketone and the like can be mentioned.

In the display element shown in FIG. 4, a sealing film 9 is provided on the cathode 5, and this sealing film prevents moisture and oxygen from entering each layer constituting the organic electroluminescence element. It is for doing. The sealing film can also be provided in another organic electroluminescent display element according to the present invention. As a material for the sealing film,
MgO, SiO, SiO ₂ , Al ₂ O ₃ , GeO, Ni
_{O, CaO, BaO, Fe 2} O 3, Y 2 O 3, TiO 2
Metal oxides such as MgF ₂ , LiF, AlF ₃ , CaF
_Although metal fluorides such as ₂ can be exemplified, a conductive metal oxide such as the above-described conductive tin oxide may be used.

In addition to the display elements shown in FIGS.
The anode of the display element according to the present invention, the organic light-emitting film and the cathode,
The layers can be sequentially formed on a transparent substrate. It can be said that not only the display element shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 but also the display element according to the present invention in general, the anode including the illustrated anode 1 is a light-transmitting conductive film, preferably a transparent conductive film. Formed. It is preferable to use a conductive substance having a work function greater than about 4 eV as a material for the anode film. Examples of such a substance include metals such as carbon, aluminum, vanadium, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, tungsten, silver, tin, gold, and alloys containing them, tin oxide, indium oxide, antimony oxide, and oxides. Examples thereof include conductive compounds such as metal oxides such as zinc and zirconium oxide and conductive metal compounds such as solid solutions and mixtures thereof.

When the anode is formed, a method such as vapor deposition and sputtering, a sol-gel method, or a method in which such a substance is dispersed in a resin or the like and applied using a conductive substance as described above on a transparent substrate. It may be formed so that desired translucency and conductivity are ensured by using. The thickness of the anode is 1 nm to 10 n in the case of a metal anode in order to obtain light transmissivity.
m is preferable, and more preferably, about 1 nm to 8 nm. In the case of an anode made of a conductive compound such as a conductive metal compound, the thickness is preferably 10 nm to 300 nm. As a transparent substrate and an anode, a transparent electrode formed on a glass substrate, for example, ITO (Indium Tin O
xide) may be used, or a transparent electrode formed on a glass substrate by Corning, which is commonly called NESA glass, may be used.

Next, the production of the display element E having the structure shown in FIG. 5 will be described. Transparent substrate G and anode 1
Any of the above is adopted. Next, the hole injection transport layer 2 is formed on the transparent substrate G from above the anode 1. As the hole transporting layer or the hole transporting material that can be used for forming the hole injecting and transporting layer in the display element according to the present invention, including the illustrated hole injecting and transporting layer 2, a known material can be used. It is.

For example, N, N'-diphenyl-N, N'-
Bis (3-methylphenyl) -1,1'-diphenyl-
4,4'-diamine, N, N'-diphenyl-N, N '
-Bis (4-methylphenyl) -1,1'-diphenyl-4,4'-diamine, N, N'-diphenyl-N,
N'-bis (1-naphthyl) -1,1'-diphenyl-
4,4'-diamine, N, N'-diphenyl-N, N '
-Bis (2-naphthyl) -1,1'-diphenyl-4,
4′-diamine, N, N′-tetra (4-methylphenyl) -1,1′-bis (3-methylphenyl) -4
4'-diamine, N, N'-diphenyl-N, N'-bis (3-methylphenyl) -1,1'-bis (3-methylphenyl) -4,4'-diamine, N, N'- Bis (N-carbazolyl) -1,1′-diphenyl-4,
4'-diamine, 4,4 ', 4 "-tris (N-carbazolyl) triphenylamine, N, N', N" -triphenyl-N, N ', N "-tris (3-methylphenyl)- 1,3,5-tri (4-aminophenyl) benzene, 4,4 ', 4 "-tris [N, N', N" -triphenyl-N, N ', N "-tris (3-methylphenyl )] Triphenylamine and the like.
These may be used as a mixture of two or more.

The hole transport layer or the hole injection / transport layer in the display element according to the present invention, including the hole injection / transport layer 2, may be formed by vapor-depositing a hole transport material as described above,
A solution in which the hole transport material is dissolved or a solution in which the hole transport material is dissolved together with an appropriate resin may be formed by a coating method such as a dip coating method or a spin coating method. When formed by a vapor deposition method, the thickness is about 1 nm to 500 nm. When formed by a coating method, the thickness is 5 nm to 10 nm.
What is necessary is just to make it about 00 nm. As the hole transporting layer or the hole injecting and transporting layer is thicker, it is necessary to increase the applied voltage for emitting light, the luminous efficiency becomes worse, and the organic electroluminescent display element is liable to be deteriorated. When the film thickness is small, the luminous efficiency is improved, but the breakdown is easy and the life of the organic electroluminescent element is shortened. Therefore, the film may be formed in the above thickness range in consideration of the luminous efficiency and the life of the element.

Next, the organic light emitting layer 30 is formed on the hole injection transport layer 2. As the organic light emitting material used for forming the organic light emitting layer in the display element according to the present invention, including the organic light emitting layer 30, known materials can be used. For example, epidolidine, 2,5-bis [5,7-di-tert-pentyl-2-benzoxazolyl] thiophene,
2 ′-(1,4-phenylenedivinylene) bisbenzothiazole, 2,2 ′-(4,4′-biphenylene) bisbenzothiazole, 5-methyl-2- {2- [4- (5
-Methyl-2-benzoxazolyl) phenyl] vinyl} benzoxazole, 2,5-bis (5-methyl-
2-benzoxazolyl) thiophene, anthracene,
Naphthalene, phenanthrene, pyrene, chrysene, perylene, perinone, 1,4-diphenylbutadiene, tetraphenylbutadiene, coumarin, acridine, stilbene, 2- (4-biphenyl) -6-phenylbenzoxazole, aluminum trisoxine, magnesium bisoxin , Bis (benzo-8-quinolinol) zinc, bis (2-methyl-8-quinolinol) aluminum oxide, indium trisoxin, aluminum tris (5-methyloxin), lithium oxine,
Gallium trisoxin, calcium bis (5-chlorooxin), polyzinc-bis (8-hydroxy-5-quinolinolyl) methane, dilithium epindridione, zinc bisoxin, 1,2-phthaloperinone, 1,2-naphthaloperinone, Polyferrylene vinylene compounds and the like can be mentioned. In addition, general fluorescent dyes such as fluorescent coumarin dyes, fluorescent perylene dyes, fluorescent pyran dyes, fluorescent thiopyran dyes, fluorescent polymethine dyes, fluorescent mecyanine dyes, fluorescent imidazole dyes, and the like can also be used.
Among them, particularly preferred are chelated oxinoid compounds.

The organic light emitting layer including the organic light emitting layer 30 in the display element according to the present invention may be formed by vapor deposition of the organic light emitting material as described above, or a solution in which the organic light emitting material is dissolved or an organic light emitting material. It may be formed by a coating method such as a dip coating method or a spin coating method using a solution in which a material is dissolved together with an appropriate resin. When formed by a vapor deposition method, the thickness may be about 1 nm to 500 nm. When formed by a coating method, the thickness may be about 5 nm to 1000 nm. As for the organic light emitting layer, as the film thickness increases, it is necessary to increase the applied voltage for emitting light, so that the luminous efficiency deteriorates and the organic electroluminescent display element is liable to be deteriorated. When the film thickness is small, the luminous efficiency is improved, but the breakdown is easy and the life of the organic electroluminescent display element is shortened. Therefore, the film may be formed in the above thickness range in consideration of the luminous efficiency and the life of the element.

The organic light-emitting layer may have a single-layer structure made of the above-described fluorescent substance, or may have a multi-layer structure in order to adjust characteristics such as light emission color and light emission intensity. In addition, two or more kinds of fluorescent substances are mixed and formed, or a light-emitting substance (for example, a fluorescent dye such as rubrene, coumarin, quinacridone, or a quinacridone derivative) is used as the organic light-emitting material or the hole-transporting material, or described later. An electron transporting material may be doped.

Next, the electron transport layer 6 is formed on the organic light emitting layer 30. As the electron transporting material for forming the electron transporting layer (or the electron injecting and transporting layer) in the display element according to the present invention, including the electron transporting layer 6, known materials can be used. For example, 2- (4-biphenylyl) -5
(4-tert-butylphenyl) -1,3,4-oxadiazole, 2- (1-naphthyl) -5- (4-te
rt-butylphenyl) -1,3,4-oxadiazole, 1,4-bis {2- [5- (4-tertbutylphenyl) -1,3,4-oxadiazolyl]} benzene, 1,3- Bis {2- [5- (4-tert-butylphenyl) -1,3,4-oxadiazolyl]} benzene, 4,4′-bis {2- [5- (4-tert-butylphenyl) -1, 3,4-oxadiazolyl] @biphenyl, 2- (4-biphenylyl) -5- (4-te
rt-butylphenyl) -1,3,4-thiadiazole, 2- (1-naphthyl) -5- (4-tert-butylphenyl) -1,3,4-thiadiazole, 1,4-
Bis @ 2- [5- (4-tert-butylphenyl)-
1,3,4-thiadiazolyl] {benzene, 1,3-bis} 2- [5- (4-tert-butylphenyl)-
1,3,4-thiadiazolyl]｝ benzene, 4,4 '―
Bis @ 2- [5- (4-tert-butylphenyl)-
1,3,4-thiadiazolyl]｝ biphenyl, 3- (4
-Biphenylyl) -4-phenyl-5- (4-ter
t-butylphenyl) -1,2,4-triazole, 3
-(1-Naphthyl) -4-phenyl-5- (4-ter
t-butylphenyl) -1,2,4-triazole,
1,4-bis @ 3- [4-phenyl-5- (4-ter
t-butylphenyl) -1,2,4-triazolyl]｝
Benzene, 1,3-bis @ 2- [1-phenyl-5-
(4-tert-butylphenyl) -1,3,4-triazolyl] {benzene, 4,4′-bis} 2- [1-phenyl-5- (4-tert-butylphenyl) -1,
3,4-Triazolyl] {biphenyl, 1,3,5-tris} 2- [5- (4-tert-butylphenyl)-
[1,3,4-oxadiazolyl]} benzene. These may be used as a mixture of two or more. Further, among substances used as an organic light emitting material such as aluminum trisoxine, a substance having a relatively high electron transporting ability can be used.

The electron transporting layer or the electron injecting and transporting layer in the display device according to the present invention, including the electron transporting layer 6, may be formed by depositing the above-described electron transporting material or by dissolving the electron transporting material. It may be formed by a coating method such as a dip coating method and a spin coating method using a solution obtained by dissolving the electron transport material together with an appropriate resin. The thickness may be about 1 nm to 500 nm when formed by an evaporation method, and about 5 nm to 1000 nm when formed by a coating method. As for the electron transporting layer or the electron injecting / transporting layer, as the film thickness increases, it is necessary to increase the applied voltage for emitting light, so that the luminous efficiency is deteriorated and the organic electroluminescent display element is liable to be deteriorated. When the film thickness is small, the luminous efficiency is improved, but the breakdown is easy and the life of the organic electroluminescent display element is shortened. Therefore, the film may be formed in the above thickness range in consideration of the luminous efficiency and the life of the element.

Next, the electron injection layer 4 is formed on the electron transport layer 6. As the electron injection material for forming the electron injection layer in the display element according to the present invention, including the electron injection layer 4, various conventionally known electron injection materials can be used.
Preferably, an organic metal complex of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, an organic metal salt of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, a mixture of an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal and an organic metal complex, an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal An oxide or an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal halide (eg, fluoride) is used. Examples of the alkali metal or alkaline earth metal contained in these organometallic complexes, organic metal salts, oxides, halides and the like include lithium, beryllium, sodium, magnesium, potassium, calcium, rubidium, barium, strontium, cesium and the like. Among them, lithium, magnesium, potassium, calcium, and cesium are particularly preferable because of good electron injecting property.

Examples of the organometallic salt or organometallic complex include acetylacetonate complex, ethylenediamine complex salt, glycine complex salt, oxine complex, alpha-nitrosobetanaphthol complex, salicylate,
Examples include a salicylaldoxime complex, a cupron complex, a benzoin oxime complex, a bipyridine complex, a phenanthroline complex, a crown complex, a proline complex, a benzoylacetone complex, a divalent carboxylate, and an aliphatic carboxylate. Among these, acetylacetonate complexes, oxine complexes, salicylates, salicylaldoxime complexes, divalent carboxylate salts, and aliphatic carboxylate salts are particularly preferred because of their good electron injectability.

The electron injection layer can be formed by a method such as vapor deposition or sputtering. When it is formed by an evaporation method, its thickness is about 0.1 nm to 20 nm. Although the electron injection layer can improve the electron injection efficiency as the film thickness is thinner, it causes uneven electron injection and dark spots if it is too thin. On the other hand, when the film thickness is increased, the luminous efficiency is rather deteriorated and the life of the organic electroluminescent display element is shortened. Therefore, the film may be formed in the above thickness range in consideration of the electron injection efficiency, the light emission efficiency, the life of the device, and the like.

Next, a cathode 5 is formed on the electron injection layer 4. The cathode including the cathode 5 in the display element according to the present invention is formed of a metal film containing a metal having a low work function. As the material of the cathode, those containing a metal having a work function of 4 eV or less are preferable, and examples of the material include magnesium, calcium, titanium, yttrium, lithium, gadolinium, ytterbium, ruthenium, manganese and alloys containing them. And a cathode may be formed by a technique such as vapor deposition or sputtering. The thickness of the cathode is 10 nm to 500 nm, more preferably 50 nm.
The range of m to 500 nm is preferable in view of conductivity and production stability.

As described above, the cathode 5 is provided with the routing portion 10 made of a transparent conductive film for conduction, which is partially connected. The cathode portion 5 including the routing portion 10 in the display element according to the present invention is provided. As a material of the transparent conductive film forming the turning portion, a material having a work function larger than about 4 eV is preferable, and aluminum, vanadium, iron, cobalt,
In addition to metals such as nickel, copper, zinc, tungsten, silver, tin, gold, and their alloys, metal oxides such as tin oxide, indium oxide, antimony oxide, zinc oxide, zirconium oxide, and solid solutions and mixtures thereof A conductive compound such as a conductive metal compound such as a body can be exemplified.

Using such a conductive substance, desired translucency and conductivity are ensured by a technique such as vapor deposition and sputtering, a sol-gel method, or a technique such as dispersing and coating such a substance in a resin or the like. What is necessary is just to form the routing part so that it may be performed. The thickness of the routing portion is preferably about 1 nm to 30 nm for the metal routing portion in order to obtain light transmissivity, and is preferably 1 nm to 300 nm in the case of a conductive compound such as a conductive metal compound. .

If necessary, the anode may be provided with a current-carrying portion using the same material as the material for the cathode portion. Each set of electrodes composed of the cathode 5 and the anode 1 is provided with an electrode lead portion made of a transparent conductive film at each electrode, and an appropriate lead wire 11 such as a nichrome wire, a gold wire, a copper wire, a platinum wire, etc. Is connected, and an appropriate voltage is applied to both electrodes via the lead wires, so that the display element emits light.

In the organic electroluminescent display device according to the present invention, the injection and transport of holes are
When the hole injecting layer and the hole transporting layer are used by being overlapped with each other as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, for example, the hole injecting layer may be formed by evaporating a hole injecting material. Then, a solution in which the hole injecting material is dissolved or a solution in which the hole injecting material is dissolved together with an appropriate resin may be formed by a coating method such as a dip coating method or a spin coating method. When the hole injection layer is formed by an evaporation method, its thickness is 1 nm to 20 nm.
When formed by a coating method, the thickness is 1 nm to
What is necessary is just to make it about 50 nm. Examples of hole injection materials for forming the hole injection layer include porpholine ring compounds such as copper phthalocyanine and indanthrene pigments, carbon films, polyaniline, and conductive polymer films such as polythiophene;
4 ', 4 "-tris (N-carbazoly) triaminotriphenylamine, N, N', N" -triphenyl-N,
N ′, N ″ -tris (3-methylphenyl) -1,3,
5-tri (4-aminophenyl) benzene, 4,4 ',
4 "-tris [N, N ', N" -triphenyl-N,
N ′, N ″ -tris (3-methylphenyl)] triaminotriphenylamine and the like. Examples of devices having other configurations as shown in FIGS. An organic electroluminescent element can be formed by sequentially forming each layer in the same manner as described above, and, conversely, a cathode is first formed on a transparent substrate, and an organic electroluminescent element is formed thereon. Another layer including a light emitting layer may be sequentially formed, and finally, an anode may be formed to manufacture an organic electroluminescent element.

The organic electroluminescent display device described above can be applied to various display devices and display devices. For example, displays for infinders such as cameras, microscopes, telescopes, etc., displays on watch glass, displays and lights incorporated in transparent surfaces such as window glasses and water tanks, and displays for windows of automobiles and railway vehicles,
Display incorporated in the rearview mirror and rearview mirror, overlay display used on other display screens, display incorporated in the trace tablet,
A wide range of applications such as fluorescent display toys are conceivable.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described together with a manufacturing method thereof. Example 1 A metal mask in which a pattern of an anode and a wiring portion for current supply to be connected to the anode was punched was set on a transparent glass substrate 100, and an ITO sintered body target (In ₂ O ₃ ) was formed using a sputtering apparatus. -10 wt% of SnO ₂ ) was sputtered, and a 50 nm conductive ITO film was formed on the substrate 100 from above the metal mask. By this ITO film, as shown in FIG.
A segment-type anode 101 and a routing portion 102 connected to the anode 101 were obtained.

Next, a metal mask having a rectangular opening formed on the ITO film is set, and 4,4 ', 4 "-tris [N, N', N" is formed as a hole injection layer by a vacuum evaporation method. −
A thin film of triphenyl-N, N ′, N ″ -tris (3-methylphenyl)] triphenylamine was formed to a thickness of 15 nm. Next, using the same metal mask, N, N was formed as a hole transport layer. '-Diphenyl-N, N'-bis (1-
A thin film of (naphthyl) -1,1′-diphenyl-4,4′-diamine was formed on the hole transport layer by vacuum evaporation to a thickness of 55 nm.

Further, using the same metal mask, an organic light-emitting layer formed by doping aluminum trisoxine with 5% by weight of rubrene was formed on the hole-transporting layer by co-evaporation to form a thin film having a thickness of 20 nm. . Further, using the same metal mask, a thin film of aluminum trisoxine is formed on the organic light emitting layer as an electron transport layer to a thickness of 50 nm by a vacuum evaporation method, and a thin film of lithium acetylacetonate is formed thereon as an electron injection layer. It was formed to a thickness of 2 nm by an evaporation method using resistance heating.

Thus, as shown in FIG. 6B, an organic light emitting film L1 having a structure in which a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, an organic light emitting layer, an electron transport layer and an electron injection layer were sequentially laminated was formed.
Next, a metal mask formed by punching a cathode pattern having a pattern corresponding to the anode 101 is overlaid on the organic light-emitting film L1.
The thin film (cathode) 103 having the pattern shown in FIG. 6C was formed by vapor deposition so as to have a thickness of 80 nm at an atomic ratio of 0: 1. Further, a metal mask formed by punching a pattern of a wiring portion for a cathode is overlaid thereon, and the same ITO
The target is adopted and the thickness is 100
A thin film was formed so as to have a thickness of nm, and a wiring portion 104 having a pattern shown in FIG. Finally, as shown in FIG. 6E, a glass substrate 105 having a peripheral portion coated with an epoxy resin for sealing 105a was placed on the thin film formed as described above, and sealed by thermosetting.
In FIG. 6E, a portion indicated by a two-dot chain line is a light emitting region. Thus, an organic electroluminescent display element in which only the light emitting portion was opaque was manufactured.

Example 2 An anode was placed on a commercially available indium tin oxide coated glass substrate.
And the pattern of the wiring part for electricity to be connected to it
Set the screen printing mask on which
After applying and curing the resist by
Etch the transparent electrode part not covered with acid with acid,
After that, the resist was dissolved with a solvent. Neutral wash the substrate
Cleaning agent and organic solvent, the surface is ultraviolet (UV) / ozone
(O _Three) Washed. Thus, as shown in FIG.
Two sets of 7 segments arranged on a glass substrate 100 '
Anode 101 made of ITO and connected to it
The routing part 102 was formed. In addition, such a resist
And a positive resist AZ-RFPA manufactured by Clariant
Using.

Next, a metal mask having a rectangular hole formed on the ITO film was set, and a thin film of copper phthalocyanine was formed to a thickness of 10 nm as a hole injection layer by a vacuum evaporation method. Next, using the same metal mask, N, N'-diphenyl-N,
N′-bis (4-methylphenyl) -1,1′-bis (3-methylphenyl) -4,4′-diamine doped with 5% by weight of rubrene was co-evaporated to a thickness of 4%.
It was formed into a thin film of 5 nm. Further, using the same metal mask, aluminum trisoxine was vapor-deposited as an electron transport layer on the light-emitting layer to form a thin film having a thickness of 60 nm. Further, using the same metal mask, a thin film of potassium acetylacetonate was formed as an electron injecting layer to a thickness of 2 nm on the electron transporting layer by an evaporation method using resistance heating.

Thus, as shown in FIG. 7B, an organic light emitting film L2 having a structure in which a hole injection layer, an organic light emitting layer, an electron transport layer and an electron injection layer were sequentially laminated was formed. Next, a metal mask formed by punching a cathode pattern corresponding to the anode 101 is overlaid on the organic light-emitting film L2, and a 100-nm-thick metal mask (Ag—Mg alloy (Mg: 10 at%)) is sputtered thereon using a sputtering target. A thin film having a thickness is formed, and the cathode 10 having the pattern shown in FIG.
3 'was formed. Further, a metal mask in which a pattern of a cathode drawing portion is punched is superposed thereon, and a material obtained by doping In ₂ O ₃ with 5% of ZnO by an RF sputtering apparatus is used as a sputtering target so as to have a thickness of 180 nm. After forming a thin film, FIG.
A routing section 104 'of the pattern shown in (D) was obtained. Finally, as shown in FIG. 7 (E), a glass substrate 105 coated with a sealing epoxy resin 105a on the periphery was placed on the thin film formed above and sealed by thermosetting. FIG. 7 (E)
The portion indicated by the two-dot chain line is the light emitting region. Thus, an organic electroluminescent display element in which only the light emitting portion was opaque was manufactured.

Example 3 A metal mask on which a pattern of an anode and a wiring portion for energization to be connected to the anode was punched was set on a glass substrate 100, and an ITO sintered body target (In ₂ O ₃ -10 wt% of SnO ₂ ) was sputtered to form a conductive ITO film having a thickness of 50 nm on the substrate 100 from above the metal mask. By this ITO film, as shown in FIG.
A segment-type anode 101 and a routing portion 102 connected to the anode 101 were obtained.

Next, a metal mask having a rectangular hole having an area covering the entire anode was set on the ITO film, and a thin film of indanthrone was formed to a thickness of 10 nm as a hole injection layer by vacuum deposition. Formed. Further, using the same metal mask, on the hole injection layer, as a hole transport layer,
A thin film of N, N'-diphenyl-N, N'-bis (1-naphthyl) -1,1'-diphenyl-4,4'-diamine was formed to a thickness of 50 nm by a vacuum evaporation method. Thus, as shown in FIG. 8B, on the conductive ITO film,
A laminated film Lo composed of a hole injection layer and a hole transport layer was formed.

Next, a metal mask having a rectangular hole having an area covering the right-hand seven-segment anode shown in FIG. 8A is superimposed on the laminated film Lo, and aluminum is used as an organic light emitting layer on the laminated film Lo. Trisoxin doped with 1% by weight of a fluorescent dye DCM is co-evaporated to a thickness of 20 nm.
A thin film S1 having a pattern shown in FIG. 8C was formed.
Further, a metal mask having a rectangular hole having an area covering the left 7-segment anode shown in FIG. 8A is overlaid on the thin film S1. As another organic light-emitting layer, dimethylquinacridone is added to aluminum trisoxin in 1 part. 20% by weight is deposited by co-deposition.
A thin film S2 having a pattern shown in FIG. 8D was formed.

Next, a metal mask having a rectangular hole having an area covering the entire anode was set on the thin film formed above, and aluminum trisoxin was deposited as an electron transporting layer by a vapor deposition method. Using the same mask, a thin film of lithium oxine was formed as an electron injecting layer on the electron transporting layer so as to have a thickness of 2 nm by an evaporation method using resistance heating. Next, a metal mask formed by punching a cathode pattern having a pattern corresponding to the anode 101 is overlaid on the thin film formed above, and magnesium and silver are co-deposited thereon from the metal mask by 10:
The thin film (cathode) 103 having the pattern shown in FIG. 8E was formed by vapor deposition so as to have a thickness of 80 nm at an atomic ratio of 1.

Further, a metal mask formed by punching a pattern of a cathode wiring portion is superposed thereon, and a thin film is formed by a sputtering apparatus to a thickness of 100 nm using the same sputtering target as in the first embodiment. And cathode 1
Route 1 of the pattern shown in FIG.
04 was obtained. Finally, as shown in FIG. 8 (G), the glass substrate 1 having a peripheral portion coated with an epoxy resin 105a for sealing is used.
05 was placed on the thin film formed above and sealed by thermosetting. A portion shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 8G is a light emitting region. In this way, an organic electroluminescent display element in which only the light emitting portion was opaque and the light emission color varied depending on the light emitting place was produced.

Example 4 Anode on Commercial Indium Tin Oxide Coated Glass Substrate
And the pattern of the wiring part for electricity to be connected to it
Set the screen printing mask on which
The same resist as that used in Example 2
After coating and curing, clear not covered with resist
Etch the electrode with acid and then resist with solvent
Dissolved. Wash the substrate with a neutral detergent and organic solvent,
UV (UV) / ozone (O _Three) Washed. Scratch
Then, as shown in FIG. 9A, on a glass substrate 100 ′
Anode 106a made of ITO, anodes 106 on the left and right sides thereof
b and the anodes 106c on the left and right sides thereof and
The routing part 107 was formed.

Next, a metal mask having a rectangular hole having an area covering the entire anode was set on the ITO film, and copper phthalocyanine was deposited as a hole injecting layer to a thickness of 1 mm.
A 0 nm thin film was formed. Next, using the same metal mask, an N, N ′ − layer was formed on the hole injection layer as a hole transport layer.
Diphenyl-N, N'-bis (1-naphthyl) -1,
1′-diphenyl-4,4′-diamine was deposited to form a thin film having a thickness of 50 nm. Thus, as shown in FIG. 9B, a film L in which a hole injection layer and a hole transport layer are stacked
p was formed. Furthermore, a central point-like anode 10
6a, a metal mask having a rectangular opening having an area formed thereon is overlapped, and aluminum trisoxin doped with 1% by weight of a fluorescent dye DCM is co-evaporated as an organic light emitting layer. A thin film S3 having a pattern shown in C) and having a thickness of 20 nm was formed.

From above, a position covering the left and right anodes 106b is taken, and another organic light emitting layer is formed by using a metal mask having left and right rectangular openings having an area.
A thin film S4 having a pattern shown in FIG. 9D and having a thickness of 20 nm was formed by co-evaporation of aluminum trisoxin doped with 1% by weight of dimethylquinacridone. Further, from above, a position covering the left and right anodes 106c is taken, and a metal mask having left and right rectangular openings having an area is formed. As another organic light emitting layer, rubrene is added to aluminum trisoxin by 3% by weight. The doped layer was deposited by co-evaporation to form a thin film S5 having a pattern thickness of 20 nm as shown in FIG.

Next, a metal mask having a rectangular opening having an area covering the entire anode is set on the film formed as described above, and aluminum trisoxin is deposited as an electron transporting layer so as to have a thickness of 60 nm. A thin film having a thickness of 3 nm was formed thereon by depositing lithium acetylacetonate as an electron injection layer by an evaporation method using resistance heating. Next, a metal mask in which a cathode pattern of a pattern corresponding to the anodes 106a, 106b, and 106c was punched was overlaid on the organic light emitting layer, and an Al-L layer was formed thereon using a sputtering apparatus.
A thin film (cathode) 107a, 107b, 107 having a thickness of 100 nm and a pattern shown in FIG. 9F is sputtered using an i-alloy (Li: 1% by weight) as a sputtering target.
c was formed.

Further, a metal mask punched out of a pattern of a cathode drawing portion is superposed thereon, and a material obtained by doping ZnO into In ₂ O ₃ by 5% by an RF sputtering apparatus is adopted as a sputtering target to have a thickness of 180 nm. A thin film was formed so as to obtain a wiring portion 108 having a pattern shown in FIG. 9G corresponding to the cathode. Finally, as shown in FIG. 9 (H), a glass substrate 105 coated with an epoxy resin 105a for sealing on the periphery is placed on the thin film formed above,
Sealed by thermosetting. In FIG. 9H, a portion indicated by a two-dot chain line is a light emitting region. In this way, an organic electroluminescent display element in which only the light emitting portion was opaque and had light emitting portions of three colors was produced.

Example 5 A metal mask in which a pattern of an anode and a wiring portion for energization to be connected thereto was punched was set on a glass substrate 100, and an ITO sintered body target (In ₂ O ₃ -10 wt% of SnO ₂ ) was sputtered to form a conductive ITO film having a thickness of 50 nm on the substrate 100 from above the metal mask. As shown in FIG. 10A, an anode 106a made of ITO, its left and right anodes 106b, its left and right anodes 106c, and the connected parts 107 connected to these were formed by this ITO film. Next, a metal mask having a rectangular opening having an area covering the entire anode is set on the ITO film, and 4,4 ′, 4 ″ -tris [N, N ′,
N "-triphenyl-N, N ', N" -tris (3-methylphenyl)] triphenylamine was deposited by a vacuum deposition method using a vacuum deposition apparatus to form a thin film having a thickness of 15 nm.

Further, as a hole transport layer, N,
N'-diphenyl-N, N'-bis (1-naphthyl)-
1,1′-Diphenyl-4,4′-diamine was deposited to form a thin film having a thickness of 55 nm. Thus, FIG.
As shown in (B), a film Lq in which a hole injection layer and a hole transport layer were stacked was formed. Further, a metal mask having a rectangular opening having an area was placed thereon at a position covering the central point-like anode 106a, and aluminum trisoxine was doped with 1% by weight of a fluorescent dye DCM as an organic light emitting layer. Are deposited by co-evaporation, and FIG.
The thin film S3 having a pattern shown in FIG.
From above, a position covering the left and right anodes 106b and 106c is taken, and dimethylquinacridone is added to aluminum trisoxin as another organic light emitting layer using a metal mask having left and right rectangular openings having an area.
A 20% -thick thin film S6 having a pattern shown in FIG.

Next, a metal mask having a rectangular opening having an area covering the entire anode is set on the film formed above, and aluminum trisoxine is deposited as an electron transporting layer so as to have a thickness of 50 nm. Then, lithium acetylacetonate was deposited thereon as an electron injection layer by an evaporation method using resistance heating to form a thin film having a thickness of 2 nm. Thus, FIG.
As shown in (E), a film Lr in which an electron transport layer and an electron injection layer were laminated was formed. Further, the anodes 106a, 10a
A metal mask formed by punching a cathode pattern corresponding to the patterns 6b and 106c is overlaid on the film Lr, and magnesium and silver are co-deposited on the film so as to have a thickness of 80 nm at an atomic ratio of 10: 1. The thin films (cathodes) 109a, 109b, and 10 having the pattern shown in FIG.
9c was formed.

A metal mask punched out of a pattern of a cathode wiring portion was superposed thereon, and the same sintered target as described above was sputtered using a sputtering apparatus, and a 100 nm-thick conductive ITO was formed on the metal mask. The routing part 108 'was formed. Finally, as shown in FIG. 10H, a glass substrate 105 coated with an epoxy resin 105a for sealing on the periphery was placed on the thin film formed above and sealed by thermosetting. A portion shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. In this way, an organic electroluminescent display element having only a light emitting portion which was opaque and had light emitting portions of two colors was produced.

Example 6 The same resist as that used in Example 2 was spin-coated on the entire surface of a commercially available indium tin oxide-coated glass substrate, and an anode and an electric current to be connected to the anode were connected to the resist film. A mask in which the pattern of the routing portion was punched was set, and exposure was performed from above. Thereafter, the exposed resist portion, that is, the portion corresponding to the anode and the wiring portion to be connected to the anode to be connected thereto was dissolved using a solvent.

Thereafter, the substrate was washed with a neutral detergent and an organic solvent, and the surface was washed with ultraviolet (UV) / ozone (O ₃ ).
Thus, as shown in FIG. 11 (A), two sets of 7-segment anodes 101 'made of ITO, wiring portions 102' connected thereto, and insulating films made of resist are arranged in parallel on a glass substrate. 110 was formed. Then
On the anode and the like, a polyferylenevinylene compound represented by the following formula [Formula 1] was applied by spin coating as a light emitting layer to form a thin film having a thickness of 50 nm.

Embedded image

Next, a metal mask having a rectangular opening having an area covering the entire anode is overlaid on the light emitting layer, aluminum trisoxin is deposited as an electron injection / transport layer, and the thickness of the pattern shown in FIG. A thin film S7 having a thickness of 50 nm was formed. Next, a metal mask in which a cathode pattern of a pattern corresponding to the anode 101 'was punched is overlaid on the electron injection / transport layer S7, and an Al-Li alloy (Li 1 wt%) was deposited thereon using an evaporation apparatus. 100nm
Al was deposited thereon, and Al was further deposited thereon to a thickness of 1 by an evaporation apparatus.
Then, a thin film (cathode) 107 ′ having a pattern shown in FIG. 11C was formed.

Further, a metal mask in which a pattern of a wiring portion for a cathode was punched was superposed thereon, and a material obtained by doping ZnO into In ₂ O ₃ by 5% was used as a sputtering target by using a helicon sputtering device to obtain 180 nm. FIG. 11 (D) corresponding to the cathode by forming a thin film to have a thickness of
In this case, a pattern routing portion 108 'having the pattern shown in FIG. Finally, as shown in FIG. 11E, a glass substrate 105 coated with an epoxy resin 105a for sealing on the periphery was placed on the thin film formed above and sealed by thermosetting. A portion shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. Thus, an organic electroluminescent display element in which only the light emitting portion was opaque was manufactured.

In each of the organic organic electroluminescent display elements of Examples 1 to 6, light was emitted with high luminance and high luminous efficiency by applying a voltage between the anode and the cathode.

Next, an application example of the display element according to the present invention will be described. Application Example 1 FIG. 12 shows an example in which the organic electroluminescence display element according to the present invention is incorporated in an infinder of a camera. In the example shown in FIG. 12, the display element DL1 according to the present invention can be seen over the subject observed by the camera finder F. By incorporating the display element DL1 into the camera's infinder, it is possible to display a clear display by a light emitting type, draw attention by color display, and display photographing information of the camera to the user.

Application Example 2 FIG. 13 shows an example in which the organic electroluminescence display element according to the present invention is incorporated in a transparent surface cover glass of a timepiece. In the example shown in FIG. 13, the display element DL according to the present invention is
2 is sandwiched between two transparent cover glasses CG1 and CG2 provided on the upper side of the display unit according to the hands of the watch WT, and is incorporated in the glass frame WF. This shows a state where the calendar CA is displayed. As described above, the timepiece incorporating the organic electroluminescent display element according to the present invention can display dates, maps, and the like. It can also emit light at night. Further, it can also be used for a warning display for calling attention such as battery replacement.

Application Example 3 FIG. 14 shows an example in which the organic electroluminescence display element of the present invention is incorporated in a window glass. As shown in FIG. 14, the organic electroluminescent display element DL3 according to the present invention is incorporated so as to be overlaid on a window glass WG, and can be used for, for example, display of advertisements, illumination, and night illumination.

Application Example 4 FIG. 15 shows an example in which the organic electroluminescence display device of the present invention is used for a head-up display of an automobile. As shown in FIG. 15, the organic electroluminescent display elements DL4 and DL5 according to the present invention are incorporated, for example, over a windshield AG of an automobile, and can be used as, for example, a display of a traveling speed or a navigation device. In addition, when used as an in-vehicle head-up display for an automobile, the driving potential is low, and a color display or a display that alerts the driver can be performed without imposing a burden on the automobile battery. In addition, since the organic electroluminescent display element does not hinder the visibility of the windshield, it does not hinder normal operation and emits light to easily draw attention.

Application Example 5 FIG. 16 shows an example in which the organic electroluminescence display device of the present invention is used for an overlay display. FIG.
6 shows an example in which the display element DL6 according to the present invention is incorporated so as to overlap the display screen CP of the computer. By incorporating the organic electroluminescent display element according to the present invention into a window frame of a liquid crystal panel or a CRT, it is easy to see the light-emitting type when displaying overlapped images, and it is easy to call attention.
In addition, a channel display and a clock display are displayed, so that user convenience can be achieved.

[0076]

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide an organic electroluminescent device which has a pseudo-light-transmitting property, high luminance, good luminous efficiency, and is easy to manufacture.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of an example of an organic electroluminescence display element according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of another example of the organic electroluminescence display element according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of still another example of the organic electroluminescence display element according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of still another example of the organic electroluminescence display element according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing a schematic configuration of still another example of the organic electroluminescence display element according to the present invention.

6A and 6B show a procedure for manufacturing the display element of Example 1; FIG. 6A is a plan view showing a state in which an anode and a wiring portion for the anode are formed on a substrate; 6B is a plan view showing a state in which an organic light-emitting film is formed on the anode, FIG. 6C is a plan view of a cathode pattern, FIG. 6D is a plan view showing a pattern of a cathode drawing section, FIG. (E) is a plan view of the completed display element.

7A and 7B show a procedure for manufacturing a display element of Example 2; FIG. 7A is a plan view showing a state in which an anode and a wiring portion for the anode are formed on a substrate; 7B is a plan view showing a state in which an organic light-emitting film is formed on the anode, FIG. 7C is a plan view of a cathode pattern, FIG. 7D is a plan view showing a pattern of a cathode lead portion, FIG. (E) is a plan view of the completed display element.

8A and 8B show a procedure for manufacturing a display element of Example 3; FIG. 8A is a plan view showing a state in which an anode and a wiring portion for the anode are formed on a substrate; 8B is a plan view showing a state in which a part of the organic light emitting film is formed on the anode, and FIG.
8 (C) and (D) are plan views of the remaining pattern of the organic light emitting film, respectively, FIG. 8 (E) is a plan view of the cathode pattern, and FIG.
FIG. 8F is a plan view showing a pattern of a wiring portion for a cathode, and FIG.
(G) is a plan view of the completed display element.

9A and 9B show a procedure for manufacturing the display element of Example 4; FIG. 9A is a plan view showing a state in which an anode and a wiring portion for the anode are formed on a substrate; FIG. 9B is a plan view showing a state in which a part of the organic light emitting film is formed on the anode, and FIG.
(C), (D) and (E) are plan views of the remaining pattern of the organic light-emitting film, FIG. 9 (F) is a plan view of the cathode pattern, and FIG. 9 (G) is the pattern of the cathode wiring section. FIG. 9H is a plan view of the completed display element.

FIG. 10 shows a procedure for manufacturing a display element of Example 5, and FIG. 10 (A) is a plan view showing a state in which an anode and a wiring portion for the anode are formed on a substrate;
10B is a plan view showing a state in which a part of the organic light emitting film is formed on the anode, FIGS. 10C, 10D, and 10E are plan views of the remaining pattern of the organic light emitting film, respectively, and FIG. F) is a plan view of a cathode pattern, FIG. 10 (G) is a plan view showing a pattern of a cathode lead portion, and FIG. 10 (H) is a plan view of a completed display element.

FIG. 11 shows a procedure for manufacturing the display element of Example 6, and FIG. 10 (A) shows an example in which an electrically insulating film composed of an anode, a wiring portion, and a resist surrounding them was formed on a substrate. FIG. 10B is a diagram showing a pattern of an organic light emitting film formed on an anode, FIG. 10C is a plan view of a cathode pattern, and FIG. 10D is a pattern of a cathode wiring portion. FIG. 10E is a plan view of the completed display element.

FIG. 12 is a view showing an example in which the organic electroluminescence display element according to the present invention is incorporated in an infinder of a camera.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a part of an example of a timepiece in which the organic electroluminescent display element according to the present invention is incorporated in a cover glass.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view of an example of a window glass incorporating the organic electroluminescence display element according to the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a diagram showing a part of an example of an automobile in which the organic electroluminescence display element according to the present invention is incorporated in a windshield.

FIG. 16 is a diagram showing an example in which the organic electroluminescence display element according to the present invention is used as an overlay display of a computer display screen.

[Explanation of symbols]

G transparent substrate 1 anode 2 hole injecting and transporting layer 3, 3 ', 3 ", 30 organic light emitting layer 4 electron injecting layer 5 cathode 6 electron injecting layer 7 hole injecting layer 8 hole transporting layer 9 power source 10, 10' Turning part La, Lb, Lc, Ld, Le Organic light emitting film PW power supply 100, 100 ′ Transparent glass substrate 101 Anode 102 Drawing part L1, L2 Organic light emitting film 103, 103 ′ Cathode 104, 104 ′ Drawing part 105 Glass substrate 105a Epoxy resin Lo Laminated film composed of hole injection layer and hole transport layer S1, S2 Thin film (organic light emitting layer) 106a, 106b, 106c Anode 107 Routed portion Lp Hole injection layer and hole transport layer are laminated Films S3, S4, S5 Thin film (organic light emitting layer) 107a, 107b, 107c Cathode 108 Wired portion Lq Film in which hole injection layer and hole transport layer are laminated S6 Film (organic light emitting layer) Lr Film laminated with an electron transport layer and an electron injection layer 109a, 109b, 109c Cathode 108 'Wired portion 101' Anode 102 'Wired portion 110 Insulating film made of resist S7 Thin film (light emitting layer and electron 107 ′ cathode 108 ′ wiring part DL1 to DL6 organic electroluminescence display element F camera infinder WT pointer-type clock CG1, CG2 transparent glass cover WF glass frame CA calendar WG window glass AG Front of automobile Display screen of glass CP computer

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Keiichi Furukawa 2-3-1-13 Azuchicho, Chuo-ku, Osaka-shi Osaka International Building Minolta Co., Ltd. F term (reference) 3K007 AB02 AB03 AB12 AB13 AB18 BA06 BB01 CA01 CB01 DA00 DB03 EB00 FA01 FA03

Claims (16)

[Claims] 1. An organic electroluminescent display device having at least an anode, an organic light-emitting film, and a cathode, wherein the anode comprises a light-transmitting conductive film, and the cathode comprises a metal film containing a metal having a low work function. An organic electroluminescent display element, wherein a current-passing portion formed of a light-transmitting conductive film is connected to the cathode. 2. The organic electroluminescent display device according to claim 1, wherein a portion of the cathode which directly contributes to light emission is made of a metal film containing magnesium or lithium. 3. The organic material according to claim 1, wherein the anode is made of a light-transmitting indium tin oxide compound, the cathode is made of an opaque metal film, and the periphery of the cathode is light-transmitting. Electroluminescence display element. 4. The organic light-emitting film according to claim 1, wherein said organic light-emitting film includes a hole transfer-related layer disposed on said anode side and an organic light-emitting layer disposed on said cathode side, wherein said anode is a light-transmitting conductive metal oxide. 4. The organic electroluminescent display element according to claim 1, wherein the cathode is formed of an opaque metal film, and a wiring portion connected to the cathode is formed of a translucent conductive compound film. 5. The layer according to claim 1, wherein the hole transport-related layer is a layer selected from the group consisting of a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, and a hole injection transport layer. Claim 4
The organic electroluminescent display element according to any one of the preceding claims. 6. The anode according to claim 1, wherein the anode and a current-carrying portion to be connected to the anode are formed by patterning an ITO film on a transparent substrate, and the cathode is formed of an opaque metal film. An organic electroluminescent display device according to any one of the above. 7. The thickness of the portion between the anode and the cathode is 20 nm or more.
The organic electroluminescent display element according to claim 1, wherein the thickness is 200 nm. 8. The organic electroluminescent display device according to claim 1, wherein the width of the line constituting the cathode is 1 mm or less. 9. The organic electroluminescent display device according to claim 1, wherein the light emitting layer in the organic light emitting film is a layer doped with a fluorescent dye. 10. The organic electroluminescence display according to claim 1, wherein the organic light emitting film includes an electron transfer-related layer, a light-emitting layer, and a hole transfer-related layer from the cathode side to the anode side. element. 11. The electron transport related layer is any one selected from the group consisting of an electron injection layer, an electron transport layer, an electron injection layer and an electron transport layer, and an electron injection transport layer. The organic electroluminescence according to claim 10, wherein the related layer is any one selected from the group consisting of a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, a hole injection layer, a hole transport layer, and a hole injection transport layer. Display element. 12. The organic light-emitting film according to claim 1, wherein the organic light-emitting film includes at least two light-emitting portions each having a light-emitting pattern individually defined, and each light-emitting portion is displayed in a different light-emitting color. An organic electroluminescent display device according to any one of the above. 13. The organic electroluminescent display device according to claim 1, wherein the organic electroluminescent display device is sealed between two glass substrates. 14. The organic electroluminescent display device according to claim 1, wherein two or more colors can be displayed. 15. The organic electroluminescent display device according to claim 1, wherein an area occupied by a light emitting portion in said organic light emitting film is 1/10 or less of an entire observation region of said device. 16. The organic electroluminescent display device according to claim 1, wherein the anode and the cathode are provided so as to drive the display element in a simple matrix, and can be driven in a simple matrix.