JP2000214330A - Transparent conductive polarizing film, touch panel and liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a transparent conductive polarizing film having properties such as durability for an input operation with a pen while suppressing decrease in visibility or increase in weight by forming a transparent conductive thin film having specified surface tension on at least one surface of a polarizing film. SOLUTION: The transparent conductive polarizing film 1 produced by forming an amorphous transparent conductive thin film 12 on one surface of a polarizing film 11 has 35 to 60 dyne/cm surface tension. The film thickness of the transparent conductive thin film 12 is preferably 40 to 8000 Å, more preferably 50 to 5000 Å. As for the producing method of the transparent conductive film 12, a vacuum vapor deposition method, a sputtering method, a CVD method, an ion plating method or the like can be used. For example, in a liquid crystal display device equipped with a liquid crystal panel 4 and polarizing plates disposed on both sides of the panel, the polarizing plate in the visible side consists of the polarizing film 1 having the transparent conductive thin film 12a. The touch panel is formed by using the thin film 12a as one electrode and using a transparent panel plate having the other electrode.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a transparent conductive polarizing film using a plastic film, and a touch panel and a liquid crystal display device using the same. In particular, the present invention relates to visibility and pen input when used in a touch panel. The present invention relates to a transparent conductive polarizing film having excellent durability.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Transparent conductive films in which a transparent and low-resistance compound thin film is formed on a plastic film have conventionally been used in applications utilizing their conductivity, for example, display devices such as liquid crystal displays, EL displays and electrochromic displays. Electrode, a window electrode of a photoelectric conversion element such as a solar cell, an electromagnetic wave shielding film of an electromagnetic wave shield, or an electrode of an input device such as a transparent touch panel.

The transparent conductive layer of such a transparent conductive film includes a noble metal thin film such as gold, silver, platinum, and palladium, and an oxide semiconductor thin film such as indium oxide, tin oxide, indium-tin oxide, and zinc oxide. It has been known.

On the other hand, with the spread of portable information terminals in recent years,
The simplicity of input and operability is required, and a pen input type capable of inputting by pressing an arbitrary point on a display screen has been widely used. As a pen input method, a capacitance method, an optical sensor method, and a touch panel method are known. In particular, the touch panel method has features such as analog position detection, high resolution, and the ability to make peripheral devices compact, and is used in portable and personal information terminals such as word processors, personal computers, and electronic notebooks. It has been widely used.

[0005] The transparent conductive film used for the above touch panel is basically formed of a conductive layer (particularly, ITO).
When used as a transparent touch panel having a layer structure of (layer) / polymer film, the conductive layers of two transparent conductive films are arranged to face each other via a spacer.

[0006] An ordinary transparent touch panel is used by being superimposed on the uppermost surface of a liquid crystal display element. Therefore,
It is necessary to consider overall performance such as transparency, mechanical properties, surface smoothness, solvent resistance, scratch resistance, moisture permeability, and cost, and biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate films are generally used.

Further, in the liquid crystal display device provided with the transparent touch panel as described above, the visibility is improved by reducing the reflection of light, the weight of the entire display device is reduced, and the position detection accuracy is improved by pen input. There is a demand for improved durability such as not deteriorating. In response to such demands, in order to improve visibility by reducing light reflection of the transparent touch panel, a method of further installing an anti-reflection film on the upper surface of the transparent touch panel, or a method opposite to the conductive layer of the transparent conductive film. A method has been proposed in which an antireflection layer is provided on the side surface by a dry coating method or a wet coating method. Similarly, in order to improve the visibility, for example, a transparent conductive film having optical isotropy as proposed in JP-A-8-155988 and JP-A-8-161116 was used. A method of installing a transparent touch panel under a polarizing plate of a liquid crystal display element has been proposed.

Next, the characteristics particularly required as the durability characteristics are the durability of the connection member with respect to the connection between the position detection circuit and the touch panel, and the cracking or peeling of the transparent conductive thin film of the transparent conductive film by pressing with a pen. This is the durability with respect to the transparent conductive thin film that does not occur. here,
Usually, silver paste is used for connecting the position detection circuit to the touch panel.

In order to firmly bond the silver paste and the transparent conductive thin film, the baking after applying the silver paste on the transparent conductive thin film may be performed at a high temperature of 150 ° C. or more. However, when a normal polyester film is heat-treated at 150 ° C., the film becomes cloudy due to precipitation of oligomers. Therefore, as an oligomer precipitation preventing layer, a transparent conductive film (JP-A-60-131711) in which a layer formed by hydrolysis of an organosilicon compound is provided on a transparent plastic film and a transparent conductive thin film is further laminated. Proposed.

When a transparent conductive film is used for a touch panel for pen input, a pair of conductive thin films opposed to each other via a spacer come into strong contact with each other by pressing with a pen input. It will happen,
Electric resistance may increase or disconnection may occur.

In order to improve the durability of pen input, for example, a transparent conductive thin film is formed on a transparent plastic having a thickness of 120 μm or less, and the transparent conductive thin film is adhered to another transparent substrate with an adhesive layer. Conductive film (JP-A-2-66)
No. 809) has been proposed. In addition, a transparent conductive film (Japanese Patent No. 2525475) in which the crystal grain size of indium oxide is reduced to 0.3 μm or less by heat treatment has been proposed.

[0012]

However, as described above, in the method in which the touch panel is superimposed on the uppermost surface of the liquid crystal display element, there is naturally a limit in improving the visibility by reducing the reflection of light. In addition, there is a problem that the luminance of the display surface is reduced and the weight is increased due to an increase in the number of parts and the number of layers.

[0013] Further, in the above-mentioned method for improving visibility, a method of using a transparent conductive film having optical isotropy and installing a transparent touch panel under a polarizing plate of a liquid crystal display element is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-157,086. Since it is necessary to use a base film having optical isotropy, a normal biaxially stretched polyethylene terephthalate film cannot be used, and the production cost increases. Also, basically, regardless of adding a new touch panel member, the number of parts,
There are problems such as a decrease in the brightness of the display surface and an increase in weight due to an increase in the number of layers.

Further, a transparent conductive film formed by forming a transparent conductive thin film on a transparent plastic and adhering it to another transparent substrate with an adhesive layer has been proposed as a method for improving the durability of pen input described above. In the method using the method, the durability against pen input is not sufficient, and since the bonding is performed using an adhesive, foreign matter such as dust is mixed during bonding, resulting in a transparent conductive film having many optical defects.

A layer formed by hydrolysis of an organosilicon compound is provided on a transparent plastic film,
Further, in the method using a transparent conductive film in which a transparent conductive thin film is laminated, the transparent conductive film is formed by hydrolyzing an organosilicon compound after forming the transparent conductive thin film to obtain durability. Heat treatment at 150 ° C. for as long as 10 hours is required to crosslink the layer. For this reason, it becomes a crystalline transparent conductive thin film, the etching characteristics of the transparent conductive thin film at the time of manufacturing the touch panel are extremely poor, and the manufacturing cost of the touch panel becomes high.

[0016] Further, even in a method using a transparent conductive film in which the indium oxide has a crystal grain size of 0.3 µm or less by heat treatment, the transparent conductive film becomes a crystalline transparent conductive thin film. For this reason, also in this case, the etching property of the transparent conductive thin film at the time of touch panel production is extremely poor,
The manufacturing cost of the touch panel is high.

As described above, although the improvement of the visibility of the transparent touch panel and the improvement of the durability against pen input have been studied, basically, the configuration in which the existing touch panel is added to the liquid crystal display element is not changed. In the conventional configuration,
The visibility and lightness of the entire display device are insufficient. Also, the durability cannot be realized for those having both of these characteristics, such as insufficient durability and durability, but poor workability.

Accordingly, the present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems, and when providing a touch panel function to a liquid crystal display element, while suppressing a decrease in visibility and an increase in weight,
Further, it is an object of the present invention to provide a transparent conductive polarizing film which can also have properties such as pen input durability, a touch panel using the same, and a liquid crystal display device.

[0019]

Means for Solving the Problems The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and as a result, by using a conductive polarizing film having a specific transparent conductive thin film formed on a polarizing film, The inventors have found that the object can be achieved, and have completed the present invention.

That is, the transparent conductive polarizing film of the present invention is a transparent conductive polarizing film in which an amorphous transparent conductive thin film is formed on at least one surface of the polarizing film. Surface tension of 35-60d
yne / cm.

In the above, it is preferable that the adhesive force between the polarizing film and the transparent conductive thin film is 10 g / 15 mm or more.

As the transparent conductive thin film, various ones are exemplified as described below. The transparent conductive thin film is an indium-tin composite oxide thin film, and the content of tin oxide in the thin film is 10 to 10.
Preferably it is 60% by weight.

Further, it is preferable that a hard coat treatment layer is laminated on the surface of the transparent conductive polarizing film on which the transparent conductive thin film is not formed.

It is preferable that an antiglare treatment layer is laminated on the surface of the transparent conductive polarizing film on which the transparent conductive thin film is not formed.

It is preferable that an antireflection treatment layer is laminated on the surface of the transparent conductive polarizing film on which the transparent conductive thin film is not formed.

On the other hand, a touch panel according to the present invention is a touch panel in which a pair of panel plates having a transparent conductive thin film are arranged via a spacer so that the transparent conductive thin films face each other, and at least one of the panel plates is provided. And a transparent conductive polarizing film according to any one of the above.

On the other hand, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is a liquid crystal display device including a liquid crystal panel which gives an optical change to incident light by controlling the alignment state of liquid crystal, and polarizing plates disposed on both sides thereof. The polarizing plate disposed on the side is the transparent conductive polarizing film according to any one of the above, and the touch panel is formed with the transparent conductive thin film as one electrode and a transparent panel plate having the other electrode. It is characterized by having.

[Function and Effect] According to the transparent conductive polarizing film of the present invention, a transparent conductive thin film is formed on at least one surface of the polarizing film. Since it functions as a polarizing plate of a liquid crystal display element, it is possible to minimize a decrease in visibility and minimize an increase in the weight of the entire liquid crystal display device, particularly when used in a liquid crystal display element with a touch panel. Moreover, since the transparent conductive thin film is amorphous, it has excellent conductivity, transparency and etching characteristics. Further, since the surface tension of the transparent conductive thin film on the polarizing film is 35 to 60 dyne / cm, the adhesiveness with the silver paste for conductive connection is excellent. As a result, a transparent conductive polarizing film capable of suitably imparting a touch panel function to a liquid crystal display element while suppressing a decrease in visibility and an increase in weight, particularly when used in a liquid crystal display element with a touch panel, could be provided.

When the adhesive force between the polarizing film and the transparent conductive thin film is 10 g / 15 mm or more, the adhesive force between the polarizing film and the transparent conductive thin film is very strong. When used, the transparent conductive thin film that does not peel or crack even when the opposing transparent conductive thin films come into strong contact with the pen by pressing the pen, and has excellent pen input durability, Become.

In the case where the transparent conductive thin film is an indium-tin composite oxide thin film and the content of tin oxide in the thin film is 10 to 60% by weight, the surface tension can be increased without separately performing an activation treatment. In the above range, and it is easy to form a thin film having sufficient conductivity.

When a hard coat treatment layer is laminated on the transparent conductive polarizing film on which the transparent conductive thin film is not formed, it is easy to prevent damage from a pen or the like when used for a touch panel. Become.

When the anti-glare treatment layer is laminated on the surface of the transparent conductive polarizing film on which the transparent conductive thin film is not formed, the visibility when used for a touch panel can be further improved.

When an antireflection treatment layer is laminated on the surface of the transparent conductive polarizing film on which the transparent conductive thin film is not formed, the visibility and the transmittance of visible light when used in a touch panel are further improved. Can be done.

On the other hand, according to the touch panel of the present invention, since at least one of the panel plates is made of the transparent conductive polarizing film described in any of the above, the same function and effect as above can be obtained. Therefore, an increase in the number of film layers of the liquid crystal display device after the touch panel is provided can be suppressed to a minimum, which can contribute to a reduction in thickness and weight. Further, since the distance between the liquid crystal display unit and the position detection unit is interposed, the position detection accuracy can be improved.

On the other hand, according to the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, the polarizing plate disposed on the viewing side is the transparent conductive polarizing film described in any of the above, and the transparent conductive thin film is formed on one electrode. Since the touch panel is formed together with the transparent panel plate having the other electrode, the same operation and effect as described above can be obtained. That is, it was possible to provide a liquid crystal display element capable of suitably imparting a touch panel function to the liquid crystal display element and preferably having properties such as pen input durability while suppressing a decrease in visibility and an increase in weight. .

[0036]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in the order of a transparent conductive polarizing film, a touch panel and a liquid crystal display element.
This will be described in detail.

[Transparent Conductive Polarizing Film] The transparent conductive polarizing film of the present invention can be produced, for example, by the following materials and methods.

The polarizing film of the present invention comprises a polarizer having a polarizing function and, if necessary, a transparent protective film for maintaining the function. The polarizer is not particularly limited as long as it has a polarizing function.Examples of the polarizer include hydrophilic properties such as a polyvinyl alcohol-based film, a partially formalized polyvinyl alcohol-based film, and an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer-based partially saponified film. Examples of the film include a polymer film in which a dichroic substance such as iodine or a dichroic dye is adsorbed and stretched. Examples of the oriented polyene film include dehydration products of polyvinyl alcohol and dehydrochlorination products of polyvinyl chloride. The thickness of the polarizer is generally 5 to 8
0 μm, but not limited to this.

The transparent protective film in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it has the above-mentioned functions. Examples thereof include polycarbonate, polyarylate, polyether sulfone, polysulfone, polyvinyl alcohol, and the like.
Polyimide, polyamide imide, polyether imide,
Examples thereof include polyacrylonitrile, polyphenylene sulfide, polyphenylene oxide, polystyrene, syndiotactic polystyrene, polyester, cellulose, norbornene-based polymer (cyclic polyolefin), and the like. The thickness of the transparent protective film is generally 50
３００300 μm, but is not limited to this.

As the transparent conductive thin film in the present invention,
There is no particular limitation as long as the material has both transparency and conductivity, but typical examples include indium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, indium-tin composite oxide, tin-antimony composite oxide, and zinc. -Thin films of aluminum composite oxide, indium-zinc composite oxide and the like. It is known that these compound thin films can be made into transparent conductive thin films having both transparency and conductivity under appropriate manufacturing conditions.

The thickness of the transparent conductive thin film is 40 to 8
It is preferably in the range of 000 °, more preferably 50 to 5
000. When the thickness of the transparent conductive thin film is smaller than 40 °, it is difficult to form a continuous thin film and to exhibit good conductivity. If the thickness is more than 8000 °, the transparency tends to decrease.

As a method for producing a transparent conductive thin film, a vacuum evaporation method, a sputtering method, a CVD method, an ion plating method, a spray method, a sol-gel method and the like are known. And an appropriate method can be used.

For example, in the case of the sputtering method, an ordinary sputtering method using a compound, a reactive sputtering method using a metal target, or the like is used.
At this time, oxygen, nitrogen, water vapor or the like may be introduced as a reactive gas, or means such as ozone addition and ion assist may be used in combination. In addition, within a range that does not impair the purpose of the present invention,
A bias such as direct current, alternating current, or high frequency may be applied to the substrate.

In order to obtain an amorphous transparent conductive thin film, the temperature at the time of forming the polarizing film as the substrate is preferably 100 ° C. or less. The same applies to other manufacturing methods such as an evaporation method and a CVD method.

In order to strengthen the adhesion to the silver paste, the surface tension of the transparent conductive thin film should be 35 to 60 dy.
Ne / cm is preferable. By setting the surface tension of the transparent conductive thin film to 35 to 60 dyne / cm, 12
Even at a firing temperature of about 0 ° C., the silver paste and the transparent conductive thin film can be firmly bonded. When the surface tension of the transparent conductive thin film is smaller than 35 dyne / cm, 1
At a firing temperature of 20 ° C., the adhesion to the silver paste is not sufficient. The surface tension of the transparent conductive thin film is 60 dyne.
When it is larger than / cm, the amount of adsorbed water such as moisture increases on the transparent conductive thin film, and the adhesion to the silver paste is still insufficient.

The transparent conductive thin film has a surface tension of 35 to 60 d.
In order to obtain yne / cm, a method of treating a transparent conductive thin film with an acidic or alkaline solution to activate the surface, a method of irradiating the surface with ultraviolet rays or electron beams to activate the surface, a method of performing corona treatment or plasma treatment to activate the surface. Is used.

The acid used for washing with the acidic aqueous solution is
A single acid or a mixed acid such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid is preferred. The alkali used for washing with an alkaline aqueous solution is sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide,
It is preferable to use sodium carbonate, calcium hydroxide or the like alone or in combination. Further, a cleaning liquid containing these acidic or alkaline components may be used.

Further, ultraviolet rays are irradiated using a low-pressure or high-pressure mercury lamp to convert oxygen in the air into active oxygen, and this active oxygen reacts with the surface of the transparent conductive thin film to form a transparent conductive thin film having a high surface tension. Can be obtained. The irradiation amount of the ultraviolet rays at this time is preferably in the range of 5 to 2000 mJ / cm ² . 5 mJ / cm ² hardly the surface activity at low dose than, too long to process the high dose than 2000 mJ / cm ^2, is not industrially preferable.

As an electron beam source used for electron beam irradiation, a hot cathode type, a field emission type, a cold cathode type, or the like is used as an electron generating method, and a Cockcroft-Walton type, a transformer rectifier is used as a high voltage generating method. It is preferable to use a mold, a vantechraf mold, or the like. The energy of the electron beam is preferably in the range of 50 KeV to 30 MeV. 50
At an energy lower than KeV, the effect of activating the surface of the transparent conductive thin film is not sufficient, and an electron beam source having an energy higher than 30 MeV is very expensive, and it is difficult to obtain good results industrially. The irradiation dose is 0.1 to
A range of 500 Mrad is preferred. When the irradiation dose is less than 0.1 Mrad, the effect of activating the surface of the transparent conductive thin film is not sufficient. When the irradiation dose is more than 500 Mrad, it takes a long time for the treatment, and it is difficult to obtain good results industrially.

Further, a material having a high surface tension may be used for the transparent conductive thin film. For example, among indium-tin composite oxide thin films suitably used as a transparent conductive thin film,
The surface tension can be increased by increasing the content of tin oxide. The preferred content of tin oxide in the indium-tin composite oxide thin film is 10 to 60% by weight, more preferably 15 to 50% by weight. When the tin oxide content is less than 10% by weight, the surface tension is reduced to 35 to 60 dyne unless the above-described activation treatment is used together.
/ Cm, and when the content exceeds 60% by weight, a thin film having insufficient conductivity tends to be formed.

In the transparent conductive polarizing film of the present invention, in order to improve the pen input durability, it is preferable that the adhesive force between the polarizing film and the transparent conductive thin film is 10 g / 15 mm or more.

In order to improve the adhesion between the polarizing film and the transparent conductive thin film, it is effective to perform a surface treatment on the polarizing film before forming the transparent conductive thin film. Specific methods include physical surface roughening treatment to increase the surface area by sandblasting and embossing, and discharge treatment to irradiate glow or corona discharge to increase carbonyl group, carboxyl group and hydroxyl group on the film. ,
Ozone treatment, chemical treatment of treating the film with an acid or alkali to increase polar groups such as a hydroxyl group and a carbonyl group, and the like are included. As a method to be used, an optimum method is selected depending on the polarizing film. Also,
Two or more kinds may be used in combination.

In order to strengthen the adhesion between the transparent conductive thin film and the polarizing film, a primer layer may be provided between the transparent conductive thin film and the polarizing film. The polymer resin used for the primer layer provides excellent adhesiveness to both the transparent conductive thin film and the polarizing film.Specifically, polyester resins, acrylic resins, methacrylic resins, urethane acrylic resins, silicone acrylics Resins, melamine resins, polysiloxane resins and the like are preferably used.

The thickness of the primer layer is not particularly limited, but is preferably in the range of 0.005 to 10 μm, and more preferably in the range of 0.01 to 5 μm. 0.005μ
When the thickness is less than m, the adhesion of the transparent conductive thin film is insufficient because it is difficult to form a continuous film, and when the thickness is more than 10 μm, the primer layer is likely to be agglomerated and damaged. Tendency tends to be insufficient.

The method for laminating the primer layer on the polarizing film is not particularly limited, but a coating method is preferably used. For example, as a coating method, an air doctor coating method, a knife coating method, a rod coating method,
Examples include a forward rotation roll coating method, a reverse roll coating method, a gravure coating method, a kiss coating method, a bead coating method, a slit orifice coating method, a cast coating method, and the like. In the case of providing a crosslinked structure, energy is applied by heating or irradiation of ultraviolet rays or electron beams after coating.

Prior to coating the primer layer, the polarizing film may be subjected to a surface treatment such as a corona discharge treatment or a glow discharge treatment as long as the object of the present invention is not impaired.

Further, a hard coat treatment layer may be provided on the surface of the transparent conductive polarizing film opposite to the surface on which the transparent conductive thin film is provided, in order to prevent damage from a pen or the like when used for a touch panel. Good. As the hard coat treatment layer, a curable resin such as a polyester resin, a urethane resin, an acrylic resin, a melamine resin, an epoxy resin, a silicone resin, a polyimide resin, or a mixture of curable resins alone or mixed. Layers are preferably used.

The thickness of the hard coat treatment layer is 1 to 50 μm.
m is preferable, and more preferably, 2 to 30 μm
Range. When the thickness is less than 1 μm, the function of the hard coat treatment tends not to be sufficiently exhibited, and when the thickness exceeds 50 μm, the speed of resin coating becomes extremely slow, which is not preferable in terms of productivity.

As a method of laminating the hard coat treatment layer, the above-mentioned resin is coated by a gravure method, a reverse method, a die method or the like on the surface of the transparent conductive polarizing film opposite to the surface on which the transparent conductive thin film is provided. After that, a method of curing by applying energy such as heat, ultraviolet rays, and an electron beam may be used.

In order to improve the visibility of the touch panel, an anti-glare treatment layer may be provided on the surface of the transparent conductive polarizing film opposite to the surface on which the transparent conductive thin film is provided. As a method of forming the anti-glare treatment layer, a curable resin is coated, and after drying, irregularities are formed on the surface with an embossing roll, and then heat, ultraviolet light, and energy such as an electron beam are applied.
There is a curing method. As the curable resin, polyester resin, urethane resin, acrylic resin,
A simple substance or a mixture of a melamine resin, an epoxy resin, a silicon resin, a polyimide resin, or the like is preferably used.

In order to further improve the visibility and the transmittance of visible light when used for a touch panel, an antireflection treatment is performed on the surface of the transparent conductive polarizing film opposite to the surface on which the transparent conductive thin film is provided. A layer may be provided. The antireflection treatment layer is preferably made of a material having a refractive index different from that of the transparent protective film in a single layer or two or more layers. In the case of a single-layer structure, a material having a smaller refractive index than the transparent protective film is preferably used. In the case of a multilayer structure having two or more layers, a layer having a refractive index larger than that of the transparent protective film is used for a layer adjacent to the transparent protective film, and a layer above the transparent protective film has a smaller refractive index. It is good to choose the material. The material constituting such an anti-reflection treatment layer is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the above-mentioned refractive index relationship even with an organic material or an inorganic material.
For example, CaF ₂ , MgF ₂ , NaAlF ₄ , SiO
_{2, ThF 4, ZrO 2,} Nd 2 O 3, SnO 2, Ti
Dielectrics such as O ₂ , CeO ₂ , ZnS, and In ₂ O ₃ are preferably used.

The method of laminating the antireflection treatment layer may be a dry coating process such as a vacuum deposition method, a sputtering method, a CVD method, or an ion plating method, or a wet coating process such as a gravure method, a reverse method, or a die method. Good.

Further, prior to lamination of the hard coat treatment layer, the anti-glare treatment layer, and the anti-reflection treatment layer, as pretreatments, corona discharge treatment, plasma treatment, sputter etching treatment, electron beam irradiation treatment, ultraviolet irradiation treatment, Known processes such as a primer process and an easy adhesion process may be performed.

FIGS. 1 to 4 schematically show the structure of the transparent conductive polarizing film of the present invention as described above. FIG. 1 shows that the transparent conductive polarizing film 1 is a polarizing film 1.
1 and a transparent conductive thin film 12.
2 to 4 show a transparent conductive thin film 12 of a polarizing film 11.
Are formed on each of the hard coat treatment layers H
C, an example in which an anti-glare treatment layer AG or an anti-reflection treatment layer AR is laminated.

The transparent conductive polarizing film of the present invention is presumed to be mainly used for a liquid crystal display device with a touch panel. For example, ordinary liquid crystal display devices, various optical filters using liquid crystals, optical shutters, and the like can be used.

[Touch Panel] FIG. 5 shows an example of a touch panel using the transparent conductive polarizing film 1 of the present invention. In this example, in a touch panel in which a pair of panel plates having transparent conductive thin films 12a and 12b are arranged via a spacer 3 so that the transparent conductive thin films 12a and 12b face each other, the transparent plate of the present invention is provided on one panel plate. The conductive polarizing film 1 is used. In this touch panel, when characters are input with the pen from the transparent conductive polarizing film side, the opposing transparent conductive thin films 12a and 12b come into contact with each other due to pressing from the pen, and are electrically turned on. By detecting the resistance value and the like from the ends of the thin films 12a and 12b, the position of the pen on the touch panel can be detected. By continuously and accurately detecting the pen position, characters can be input from the locus of the pen. At this time, since the panel plate on the pen contact side is the transparent conductive polarizing film of the present invention, the pen input durability is excellent,
A stable touch panel for a long time. The above is the case of the analog type touch panel, but in the case of the matrix type touch panel, the transparent conductive thin films 12a, 12b
By etching into a desired pattern, etc.
Desired input becomes possible.

In FIG. 5, the other panel is obtained by laminating a transparent conductive thin film 12b on a transparent substrate 2 such as a plastic film or a glass plate. As a transparent substrate 2 such as a plastic film or a glass plate,
The same material as the panel panel on the non-input side of the conventional touch panel can be used. Further, as the transparent conductive thin film 12b, other than those used for the transparent conductive polarizing film of the present invention, the same material as that of the panel panel on the non-input side in the conventional touch panel can be used. Note that the spacer 3 can be the same as the conventional one, and for example, resin beads such as epoxy beads, insulating inorganic fine particles, and the like can be used.

[Liquid Crystal Display Device] FIG. 6 shows a liquid crystal display device including a liquid crystal panel 4 for giving an optical change to incident light by controlling the alignment state of liquid crystal, and polarizing plates disposed on both sides of the liquid crystal panel. The polarizing plate disposed on the viewing side is the polarizing film 1 having the transparent conductive thin film 12a, and a touch panel is formed with the transparent conductive thin film 12a as one electrode and a transparent panel plate having the other electrode. The illustrated liquid crystal display device is illustrated. In this example, a pair of transparent substrates 4 having transparent electrodes 4b and 4d
The liquid crystal panel 4 has a structure in which a and 4e are arranged via a spacer 4f so that the transparent electrodes 4b and 4d face each other, and a liquid crystal layer 4c is injected into a gap therebetween. Note that the polarizing plate on the backlight side is not shown.

The liquid crystal panel 4 may be of any type as long as it gives an optical change to the incident light by controlling the alignment state of the liquid crystal, such as the type of liquid crystal, the molecular arrangement, and the driving type for controlling the alignment. Is not particularly limited. The presence or absence of color display and its display method, the presence or absence of a light source, and the form of transmission and reflection are not particularly limited, and may be any.
As the touch panel, one similar to that shown in FIG. 5 is exemplified. At that time, as the polarizing film 1 having the transparent conductive thin film 12a, a material other than the transparent conductive polarizing film of the present invention can be used. , Especially polarizing film 1
Is preferably the transparent conductive polarizing film of the present invention as described above.

Then, in addition to the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, (1)
In order to use the transparent substrate 4a as a panel plate of the touch panel,
Examples of another embodiment include a structure in which the transparent conductive thin film 12b is directly formed on the viewing side of the transparent substrate 4a, and (2) a structure in which the panel plate on the non-input side is formed of the transparent conductive polarizing film of the present invention. Is done.

According to the above (1), the number of layers can be further reduced, and the weight and the visibility can be further improved.

[0072]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments and the like specifically showing the configuration and effects of the present invention will be described below. Note that “parts” means “parts by weight” unless otherwise specified.

Example 1 A polarizing film having a thickness of 210 μm (Sanritz Co., Ltd.)
Co., Ltd .: LLC2), using an indium-tin composite oxide as a target, an indium-tin composite oxide thin film having a thickness of 300 mm and a tin oxide content of 8% by weight was formed on the polarizing film using a high-frequency magnetron sputtering method. It was formed as a transparent conductive thin film. At this time, the degree of vacuum is l × 1
0 ^-3 Torr, Ar gas of 60 sccm,
O _{2 was} flowed at ₂ sccm. During the film formation, the temperature of the polarizing film was set to 20 ° C.

The transparent conductive thin film formed in this manner is applied to a UV ozone washing machine (OC manufactured by Eye Graphic Co., Ltd .: OC
-250315G), UV lamp 25W, 3 lamps,
The treatment was performed with an irradiation time of 15 seconds.

The transparent conductive polarizing film subjected to the UV ozone treatment was used as one panel plate, and the other panel plate was formed by forming a transparent conductive thin film having a thickness of 400 mm on a glass substrate in the same manner as described above. Was. The two panel plates are placed with a diameter of 30 μm so that the transparent conductive thin films face each other.
The touch panel was prepared by arranging through m epoxy beads.

Next, a liquid crystal display device as shown in FIG. 6 was manufactured using the obtained touch panel. At this time, as the liquid crystal panel and the like, a liquid crystal display device (transmission type, black and white type, TN liquid crystal) from which a polarizing plate was removed was used.

Example 2 A polarizing film having a thickness of 210 μm (Sanritz Co., Ltd.)
Production: LLC2), a 300 mm thick indium-tin composite oxide thin film was formed as a transparent conductive thin film on this polarizing film by high-frequency magnetron sputtering using indium-tin composite oxide as a target. . At this time, the tin oxide content was 15, 25, 35, 4
An indium-tin composite oxide target of 5, 60% by weight was used. The tin oxide content in the indium-tin composite oxide thin film when each target was used was 1
4, 24, 33, 42, and 56% by weight. The degree of vacuum is 1 × 10 ⁻³ Torr, and Ar 6 is used as a gas.
0 sccm and O ₂ were flowed at ₂ sccm. During the film formation, the temperature of the polarizing film was set to 20 ° C. Further, using this transparent conductive polarizing film, a touch panel and a liquid crystal display element were produced in the same manner as in Example 1.

Example 3 A polarizing film having a thickness of 210 μm (Sanritz Co., Ltd.)
Manufactured by LLC2) and an alkaline detergent (Scat 20-X manufactured by Daiichi Kogyo Seiyaku Co., Ltd.)
The substrate was immersed and washed in a cleaning solution consisting of 10 parts and 90 parts of pure water for 30 seconds.

Using the indium-tin composite oxide as a target, an indium-tin composite oxide thin film having a thickness of 300 mm and a tin oxide content of 20% by weight was formed on the washed polarizing film by a high-frequency magnetron sputtering method. It was formed as a conductive thin film. The tin oxide content in the indium-tin composite oxide thin film when using this target was 18% by weight. The degree of vacuum is 1 × 10 ^-3 T
orr and a gas of Ar 40 sccm, O ₂
The flow was 1 sccm. During the film formation, the temperature of the polarizing film was set to 20 ° C. Using this transparent conductive polarizing film, a touch panel and a liquid crystal display element were produced in the same manner as in Example 1.

Example 4 A polarizing film having a thickness of 210 μm (Sanritz Co., Ltd.)
Polyester resin (Toyobo Co., Ltd.) as a primer layer on the surface of the polarizing film using LLC2).
3 parts of methyl ethyl ketone 50
Parts, 50 parts of toluene and 1 part of a crosslinking agent (manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Industry Co., Ltd .: Coronate L) were coated with a gravure method. After drying at 120 ° C. for 1 minute, it was further heated at 130 ° C. for 5 minutes for curing. The thickness of the cured primer layer was 0.08 μm.

On this primer surface, using an indium-tin composite oxide as a target, a high-frequency magnetron sputtering method was used to obtain a 300-mm-thick tin oxide content of 20%.
A weight percent indium-tin composite oxide thin film was formed as a transparent conductive thin film. When this target was used, the tin oxide content in the indium-tin composite oxide thin film was 1
It was 8% by weight. The degree of vacuum was 1 × 10 ⁻³ Torr, and a flow of 40 sccm of Ar and 1 sccm of O ₂ was flown as a gas. During the film formation, the temperature of the polarizing film was set to 20 ° C. Using this transparent conductive polarizing film, a touch panel and a liquid crystal display element were produced in the same manner as in Example 1.

Example 5 Using a transparent conductive polarizing film produced in the same manner as in Example 4, this transparent conductive polarizing film was washed with a UV ozone washing machine (OC-250315, manufactured by Eye Graphic Co., Ltd.).
Using G), treatment was performed with a UV lamp of 25 W, three lamps, and an irradiation time of 15 seconds, and a touch panel and a liquid crystal display element were produced in the same manner as in Example 1.

Example 6 A polarizing film / indium film prepared in the same manner as in Example 2
Indium in a laminate composed of a thin film of tin oxide
On the surface opposite to the surface on which the tin composite oxide thin film was formed,
A coated layer (HC) was provided. As a hard coat agent
Benzophenone in 100 parts of epoxy acrylic resin
Using an ultraviolet curable resin composition to which 4 parts have been added, reverse
After film formation by coating method, pre-drying at 80 ° C for 5 minutes, 500m
J / cm ^Two Was cured by UV irradiation. Thickness after curing
The length is 5 μm. Also, this transparent conductive polarizing film
And a touch panel and a liquid crystal in the same manner as in Example 1.
A display element was manufactured. However, indium-tin composite oxidation
The target is a tin oxide content of 20% by weight.
used.

Example 7 Indium of a laminate composed of a polarizing film / indium-tin composite oxide thin film produced in the same manner as in Example 2
An antiglare treatment layer (AG) was provided on the surface opposite to the surface on which the tin composite oxide thin film was formed. As a coating agent, an ultraviolet curable resin composition obtained by adding 2 parts of benzophenone to 100 parts of an epoxy acrylic resin is used. The film is formed by reverse coating, preliminarily dried at 80 ° C. for 5 minutes, and the surface is embossed with an emboss roll. Was formed and cured by irradiation with 500 mJ / cm ² of ultraviolet light. The thickness after curing is 5 μm. Further, using this transparent conductive polarizing film, a touch panel and a liquid crystal display element were produced in the same manner as in Example 1. However,
As the indium-tin composite oxide target, a target having a tin oxide content of 20% by weight was used.

Example 8 A polarizing film / indium film produced in the same manner as in Example 2
Indium in a laminate composed of a thin film of tin oxide
Thickness on the surface opposite to the surface on which the tin composite oxide thin film was formed
Y with a refractive index of 1.89 at 730 °_Two O_Three And thicker
TiO with a refractive index of 2.3 at 1200 °_Two And further
SiO with a thickness of 940 ° and a refractive index of 1.46 _Two And
A film is formed by a high frequency sputtering method, and an antireflection treatment layer (A
R). When forming each of these dielectric thin films,
The degree of vacuum is 1 × 10^-3Torr and Ar gas
 55sccm, O_Two The flow was 5 sccm. Also, the substrate
Was kept at room temperature without heating or cooling during film formation.
Further, using this transparent conductive polarizing film,
In the same way, a touch panel and a liquid crystal display
Was. However, indium-tin composite oxide target
Used a tin oxide content of 20% by weight.

Comparative Example 1 A transparent conductive polarizing film was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the UV ozone treatment was not performed. Using this transparent conductive polarizing film, a touch panel and a liquid crystal display element were produced in the same manner as in Example 1.

Comparative Example 2 A transparent conductive polarizing film was produced in the same manner as in Example 2 except that a target having a tin oxide content of 70, 80 and 90% by weight was used. Further, using this transparent conductive polarizing film, a touch panel
And a liquid crystal display element.

Comparative Example 3 A transparent conductive polarizing film was produced in the same manner as in Example 5, except that the UV ozone treatment was not performed. Using this transparent conductive polarizing film, a touch panel and a liquid crystal display element were produced in the same manner as in Example 1. However, an indium-tin composite oxide target having a tin oxide content of 9% by weight was used.

Comparative Example 4 A polarizing film having a thickness of 210 μm (Sanritz Co., Ltd.)
Co., Ltd .: LLC2) was applied to one surface of the polarizing film with an alcoholic solution (concentration: 1% by weight) of a mixture of butanol and isopropanol of an organosilicon compound.
Dried at 0 ° C. for 1 minute. Thereafter, a transparent conductive thin film made of an indium-tin composite oxide thin film was formed on the organosilicon compound at a substrate temperature of 120 ° C in the same manner as in Example 2. This laminate was further subjected to a heat treatment at 150 ° C. for 10 hours. Also, using this transparent conductive polarizing film,
In the same manner as in Example 1, a touch panel and a liquid crystal display element were manufactured. However, a target having a tin oxide content of 20% by weight was used as the indium-tin composite oxide target.

Comparative Example 5 A 188 μm polyethylene terephthalate (A4100, manufactured by Toyobo Co., Ltd.) was used as a substrate film, and a transparent conductive thin film was formed under the conditions of Example 3 to produce a transparent conductive film. This transparent conductive film was used in Example 1
Was used in place of the conductive polarizing film described above to produce a touch panel. Next, using the obtained touch panel, a liquid crystal panel, a polarizing film manufactured by Sanritz Co., Ltd., and a touch panel were laminated in this order from the lower side to produce a liquid crystal display element.

In Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5, the composition analysis in the transparent conductive thin film, the etching time of the transparent conductive thin film, the electron diffraction image of the transparent conductive thin film, the light transmittance, The surface tension of the transparent conductive thin film, the surface resistivity of the transparent conductive thin film, the adhesive force of the transparent conductive thin film, and the adhesion between the silver paste and the transparent conductive thin film were measured by the following methods. In addition, a pen input durability test was performed on a touch panel manufactured using the transparent conductive polarizing film, and a visibility evaluation was performed on a liquid crystal display element incorporating the touch panel.

<Analysis of Composition in Transparent Conductive Thin Film>
The weight percentage of tin oxide in the mu-tin composite oxide thin film
The composition of indium and tin in the steel was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy.
Assuming that indium and tin are perfect oxides in the thin film
In_Two O_Three , SnO_Two Specific gravity (In_Two O_Three Is 7.18,
SnO _Two Is a value calculated using 6.95).

<Surface resistivity> Lot, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation
EST AMCP-T400 and JIS K719
The measurement was carried out by a four-terminal method in accordance with No. 4.

<Light transmittance> Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd .: N
Using DH-1001DP, it was measured by an integrating sphere light transmittance method based on JIS K 7105.

<Surface Tension> Contact angle of water and methylene iodide with known surface tension to transparent conductive thin film:
θw and θy are measured with a contact angle meter (Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd .: CA
-X type) under the conditions of 25 ° C. and 50% RH. Using these measured values, the surface tension γs of the transparent conductive thin film was calculated as follows.

The surface tension γs of the transparent conductive thin film is the sum of the dispersive component γsd and the polar component γsp. Γs = γsd + γy · cosθw (Formula 2) From the Young's formula, γs = γsw + γw · cosθw (Formula 2) where γsw is the transparent conductive thin film (12) and water Γsw is the tension acting between the transparent conductive thin film (12) and methylene iodide, γw is the surface tension of water, and γy is the surface tension of methylene iodide.

From Fowkes' equation, γsw = γs + γw−2 (γsd · γwd) 1 / 2− (γsp · γwp) 1/2 (Equation 4) γsy = γs + γy-2 (γsd · γyd) 1 / 2− 2 (γsp · γyp) 1/2 (Equation 5). Here, γwd is a dispersive component of the surface tension of water,
γwp is a polar component of the surface tension of water, γyd is a dispersive component of the surface tension of methylene iodide, and γyp is a polar component of the surface tension of methylene iodide.

By solving the simultaneous equations of Expressions 1 to 5, the surface tension γs of the transparent conductive thin film can be calculated as γs = γsd + γsp. At this time, the surface tension of water (γw): 72.8
dyne / cm, surface tension of methylene iodide (γy):
50.5 dyne / cm, dispersibility component of surface tension of water (γwd): 21.8 dyne / cm, polar component of surface tension of water (γwp): 51.0 dyne / cm, dispersibility of surface tension of methylene iodide Component (γyd): 49.5
dyne / cm, a polar component (γyp) of the surface tension of methylene iodide: 1.3 dyne / cm.

<Adhesive force> Using an ionomer film having a thickness of 40 μm and a polyester-based adhesive, a thickness of 75 μm was used.
To produce a laminate for measuring adhesive force, which was laminated on a polyethylene terephthalate film. The ionomer surface of the laminate for measuring adhesive force was opposed to the transparent conductive thin film surface of the transparent conductive polarizing film, and heat-sealed at 130 ° C. The laminate was separated from the laminate for measuring adhesive force and the transparent conductive polarizing film by a 180 ° peeling method, and the peeling force was defined as the adhesive force. The peeling speed at this time was 1000 mm / min. <Crystal Structure (Electron Beam Diffraction)> In order to dissolve the plastic film and the curable polymer cured layer and obtain a single transparent conductive thin film, a solvent in which the base film constituting the transparent conductive polarizing film is soluble Immerse in it for 2 days. The transparent conductive thin film in the solution was placed on a microgrid and air-dried for one day to dry the solution. An electron beam diffraction image of this sample is transmitted through a transmission electron microscope (JEM-2, manufactured by JEOL Ltd.).
010). The condition of the electron beam is as follows:
The measurement was performed at 0 kV and a wavelength of 0.0025 nm. From this diffraction image, it was determined whether the transparent conductive thin film was crystalline or amorphous.

<Etching time> A tester was connected to both ends of a transparent conductive film cut out to a size of 10 cm × 1 cm, and the resistance was measured and immersed in a 20% sulfuric acid aqueous solution at 40 ° C. to obtain a resistance of 10 MΩ or more. This time was taken as the etching time.

<Adhesion of Silver Paste> Using a stainless screen mesh 200 mesh / inch,
Silver paste (Toyobo Co., Ltd .: DW-250H-
5) was applied on a transparent conductive thin film and baked at 120 ° C. for 30 minutes. The thickness of the silver paste after firing is 20 μm. JIS D for adhesion between silver paste and transparent conductive thin film
The measurement was performed on five test pieces using a cross-cut adhesion method in accordance with No. 0202, and the average value was calculated.

<Pen Input Durability> First, the linearity measurement before the pen input test was performed as follows.

The transparent conductive polarizing film of the present invention was
An electrode having a width of 5 mm was formed by applying a silver paste to both sides of the transparent conductive thin film forming surface. A voltage of 5 V is applied between the electrodes by a constant voltage power supply, and a voltage of Vi, j (i, j) is applied to 2500 points of (x1, y1) to (x50, y50) at an interval of 1 mm vertically and horizontally in a range of 50 mm × 50 mm at the center of the sample. = 1 to 50).

Theoretical voltage Ui, j = V at each voltage measurement point
1,1+ (V50,50−V1,1) / 50 × (j−
The deviation from 1) is expressed as △ i, j = (Vi, j−Ui, j) /
Ui, j, and the maximum absolute value of △ i, j was defined as linearity.

Using the transparent conductive polarizing film whose linearity was measured before the pen input test, touch panels were prepared as described in Examples and Comparative Examples. A plotter (Roland Corp .: DXY-1150) was applied to the part where the linearity was measured using a touch pen with a nib radius of 0.8 mm made of polyacetal resin from the panel plate side composed of a transparent conductive polarizing film. With this, 2cm square katakana characters from A to N
Writing of 000 characters was performed, and a pen input test was performed.
At this time, the pen load was 250 gf and the character writing speed was 2,000.
Characters / hour.

The linearity of the transparent conductive film after the pen input test was measured by the same method as described above, and the number of written characters whose linearity exceeded 3% was defined as the pen input durability.

<Visibility> The visibility as a liquid crystal display element was relatively evaluated by a visual test.

Table 1 shows the measurement results for Examples 1 to 8 and Comparative Examples 1 to 5.

[0109]

[Table 1] As shown in the results of Table 1, according to the example of the present invention, a polarizing film, a touch panel, and the like having excellent surface resistance, short etching time, adhesion with silver paste, pen input durability, and visual recognition are excellent. Obtained.

On the other hand, in Comparative Examples 1 and 3 in which the surface tension of the transparent conductive thin film was small, the adhesion to the silver paste was poor. In Comparative Examples 2-1 to 3 in which the tin oxide content was too high and the surface tension was too large, the adhesion to the silver paste was poor and the etching time was long. In Comparative Example 4 in which a crystalline transparent conductive thin film was formed, the etching time was extremely long. In Comparative Example 5 using a normal touch panel using polyethylene terephthalate as the base film, the pen input durability and visibility were poor.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of a conductive polarizing film of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of a conductive polarizing film of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of the conductive polarizing film of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing an example of the conductive polarizing film of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view schematically illustrating an example of a touch panel manufactured using the conductive polarizing film of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing one example of a liquid crystal display device incorporating the touch panel of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Transparent conductive polarizing film 2 Glass plate 3 Bead 4 Liquid crystal panel 11 Polarizing film 12 Transparent conductive thin film HC hard coat processing layer AG Anti-glare processing layer AR Anti-reflection processing layer

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Seiichiro Yokoyama 2-1-1 Katata, Otsu-shi, Shiga F-term in Toyobo Co., Ltd. Research Laboratory 2H049 BA02 BA26 BA27 BB43 BB62 BB65 BC22 2H091 FA08X FA08Z FA37X FA50X FB02 FC23 FD06 GA03 GA16 LA02 LA11 LA12 LA16 2H093 NA71 NC72 ND42 ND54 ND60 NE06

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A transparent conductive polarizing film (1) in which an amorphous transparent conductive thin film (12) is formed on at least one surface of a polarizing film (11), wherein said transparent conductive thin film ( 12) Surface tension of 35 to 60 dyne / c
m. 2. The transparent conductive polarizing film according to claim 1, wherein the adhesive force between the polarizing film (11) and the transparent conductive thin film (12) is 10 g / 15 mm or more. 3. The transparent conductive film according to claim 1, wherein the transparent conductive thin film (12) is an indium-tin composite oxide thin film, and the content of tin oxide in the thin film is 10 to 60% by weight. Conductive polarizing film. 4. A hard coat treatment layer (HC) is laminated on a surface of the transparent conductive polarizing film (1) where the transparent conductive thin film (12) is not formed. 4. The transparent conductive polarizing film according to item 1. 5. The anti-glare treatment layer (AG) is laminated on a surface of the transparent conductive polarizing film (1) where the transparent conductive thin film (12) is not formed. 4. The transparent conductive polarizing film according to item 1. 6. The anti-reflection treatment layer (AR) is laminated on a surface of the transparent conductive polarizing film (1) on which the transparent conductive thin film (12) is not formed. 4. The transparent conductive polarizing film according to item 1. 7. A touch panel in which a pair of panel plates having a transparent conductive thin film (12) are arranged via a spacer so that the transparent conductive thin films (12) face each other, wherein at least one of the panel plates is disposed. A touch panel comprising the transparent conductive polarizing film (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6. 8. A liquid crystal display device comprising a liquid crystal panel (4) for giving an optical change to incident light by controlling the alignment state of the liquid crystal, and polarizing plates disposed on both sides of the liquid crystal panel. The said polarizing plate is the transparent conductive polarizing film (1) in any one of Claims 1-6, and the transparent panel board which has the said transparent conductive thin film (12) as one electrode and the other electrode. A liquid crystal display element comprising a touch panel and a touch panel.