JP2000205108A - Wind power generating set with damping function - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To suppress the divergence vibration by the resonance with a blade or the resonant wind velocity by providing, on a tower, a damping device therefor. SOLUTION: A damping device 18 is set on a stage 36 within the top part of a tower 16. In a general operation at generating wind velocity, a blade 12 having a large wind length causes the resonance phenomenon of the tower 16 because the natural frequency of the tower is included in the range of the frequency by its rotation, and the resonant wind velocity is generated by Karman's vortex street excitation. Since the damping device 18 is provided on the tower 16, the damping device is actuated when the tower 16 resonates with the vibration by rotation of the blade 12 or when a divergence vibration is caused by the resonant wind velocity to increase the amplitude of the tower 16. Namely, in the damping device 18, a vibration system formed of a mass body and a spring support resonates with the tower 16, and the mass body moves in the direction for canceling the displacement of the tower 16 to suppress the vibration. According to this, the vibration of the tower 16 can be effectively damped.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wind power generator for generating electric power using wind power, and more particularly to a wind power generator for positively damping a tower supporting a blade rotated by wind at a predetermined height. Related to the device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a wind power generator for generating electricity by utilizing the energy of natural wind, a blade rotating by wind power is mounted on the top of a tower, and a generator is operated by using the rotating force of the blade as a drive source. Has become. As such a wind power generator, for example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei.
There is one disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. H11-209, which aims to prevent the vibration on the generator side from being propagated to the tower side.

Conventionally, such a wind power generator is generally a relatively small-sized and constant-speed power generator. However, in recent years, it is possible to cope with changing wind strength and low wind speed to high wind speed. We are moving to large wind turbines. For example, in this large-sized wind power generator, there is a type in which the blade length (rotation diameter) of the blade is 40 m to 50 m or more and is configured as a variable pitch type. In this case, the tower has a height to allow rotation of the blade. Is 30 m to 40 m or more.

[0004]

However, in such a conventional large-sized wind power generator, the frequency at the optimum rotation speed of the blade is 0.75 Hz to 1.5 Hz.
It will be near. On the other hand, the above-mentioned tower is made of steel plate to secure the predetermined strength, but the primary natural vibration of the tower of 30m to 40m height based on the seismic and wind-resistant design standards stipulated in Japan is around 1.0Hz. Becomes For this reason,
The range of frequencies (0.75
Hz to 1.5 Hz), the natural frequency of the tower (1.0 H
z) is included, and when the natural frequency of the tower matches the frequency of the blade, the two resonate and cannot exhibit the predetermined power generation performance.

[0005] In addition, by making the blade a variable pitch type, the range of the generated wind speed is widened, and it is possible to generate power from a weak wind having a wind speed of several m / sec to a strong wind having a wind speed of 20 m / sec. In this case, the resonance wind speed that causes the divergent vibration due to the Karman vortex excitation of the tower is tens of m / sec, and this resonance wind speed falls within the above-described allowable range of the power generation wind speed. Therefore, even when the wind turbine is operated within the power generation wind speed range,
The tower vibrates greatly due to the resonance wind speed. However, since the steel tower structure has poor vibration damping properties, there is a problem that the tower may not be able to secure safety against resonance with the blade or resonance due to the resonance wind speed.

In view of the foregoing, the present invention has been made in view of such a conventional section, in which the tower is actively damped by a damping device, thereby suppressing the resonance with the blade and the divergent vibration due to the resonance wind speed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a wind power generator that prevents a decrease in power generation capacity and ensures the safety of a tower.

[0007]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wind power generator, comprising: a blade rotating by wind power; a generator driven by the rotating force of the blade; A tower that supports the blade at a predetermined height, wherein the tower is provided with a vibration damping device that suppresses vibration of the tower.

In this wind power generator, since the vibration of the tower is suppressed by the vibration damper, even when the wind power generator is enlarged, the tower vibrates greatly due to the occurrence of resonance with the blades and the resonance wind speed. Can be prevented. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a decrease in the power generation performance due to the resonance failure with the blade, and to ensure the safety of the tower. Also, in the case of designing various towers of wind power generators with different performances, the vibration damping device can easily achieve the damping of the tower, so that it is not necessary to design each tower individually, and the tower Construction costs can be reduced and safety can be sufficiently secured.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the wind turbine generator, the vibration damping device is supported in a vibration region in which the mass body and the mass body are swingably supported and the tower is to be damped. A spring support body set to a spring force at which the mass body resonates; and a damper device provided between the mass body and the tower side to add a damping force to the movement of the mass body. It is desirable to do.

In this wind power generator, in a vibration system in which the mass body is supported by a spring support, the mass body resonates in a vibration region where the tower is to be damped, and the vibration of the mass body causes the vibration of the tower. Can be canceled out and damped. Therefore,
By causing the mass body to resonate in the resonance region of the tower, it is possible to effectively reduce the resonance of the tower due to the resonance obstacle with the blade and the resonance wind speed. Further, the vibrating mass body can be quickly converged as the vibration is attenuated by the damper device.

Further, in the wind power generator according to a third aspect of the present invention, the damper device is provided on the resistor protruding from the lower side of the mass body and provided on the tower side and stored in the tower. A viscous fluid tank in which the resistor is inserted into a highly viscous fluid;
A seating device is provided between the resistor and the viscous fluid tank, and the seating device slides with a predetermined frictional resistance while the resistor is seated with a predetermined amount of horizontal movement of the mass body. .

In this wind power generator, the resistor moves in the viscous fluid in the viscous fluid tank with the movement of the mass body due to the vibration, and a damping force can be obtained by the stirring resistance at this time. At the same time, after the mass body further moves and the resistor is seated on the seating device, frictional resistance generated by sliding of the resistor is added, so that a larger damping force can be obtained. Therefore, the mass body can obtain a greater damping force due to the stirring resistance by the high-viscosity fluid and the frictional resistance due to the seating device, and can converge the mass body more quickly after damping the tower. Can be rapidly stabilized. In addition, the damper device including the resistor, the viscous fluid tank, and the seating device can be disposed here by effectively utilizing the space below the mass body. The size can be reduced.

Further, in the wind turbine generator according to claim 4 of the present invention, it is preferable that an impact buffering stopper is disposed at an appropriate distance from the mass body in the moving direction of the mass body.

In this wind power generator, when the mass body largely moves beyond the normal vibration damping region, it comes into contact with the shock absorbing stopper when it moves a predetermined allowable movement amount. To prevent further movement. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the damping device from being destroyed due to the overrun of the mass body, and it is possible to reduce the space occupied by the entire damping device in anticipation of the operating state.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. 1 to 4 show an embodiment of a wind power generator according to the present invention. FIG. 1 is a side view showing the entire wind power generator, FIG. 2 is a front view of a blade of the wind power generator, and FIG. FIG. 4 is an enlarged plan view of the vibration damping device provided in the apparatus.

The basic structure of a wind power generator 10 of the present invention is shown in FIG.
And a generator 14 driven by the rotational force of the blade 12
And a tower 16 for supporting the blade 12 at a predetermined height. The tower 16 is provided with a vibration damping device 18 for suppressing the vibration of the tower 16.

Further, as shown in FIG.
A mass body 20, a spring support 22 that swingably supports the mass body 20 and is set to have a spring force that resonates the mass body 20 in a vibration region where the tower 16 is to be damped;
A damper device 24 that is provided between the zero and the tower 16 side and adds a damping force to the movement of the mass body 20; an impact buffer stopper 26 that is disposed to be opposed to the mass body 20 at an appropriate interval in the movement direction of the mass body 20; It is comprised including.

Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the damper device 24 includes a resistor 28 projecting from the lower side of the mass body 20 and a high-viscosity fluid 3 provided on the tower 16 side and stored therein.
The viscous fluid tank 32 in which the resistor 28 is inserted into the inside of the valve body 0, and a predetermined amount of horizontal movement of the mass body 20 is provided between the resistor 28 and the viscous fluid tank 32 so that the resistor 28 is seated in a predetermined position. And a seating device 34 that slides with frictional resistance.

As shown in FIG. 2, three blades 12 are provided at equal intervals in the circumferential direction with respect to the center O.
Each blade 12 has a variable pitch mechanism that is rotatable at a mounting portion. The rotation of the blade 12 is input to a power generation rotor via a speed reducer incorporated in the power generator 14, and power is generated by rotation of the rotor. The blade 12 is integrally attached to a generator 14, and the integrated blade 12 and the generator 14 are supported at a predetermined height by a tower 16. The tower 16 is formed as a tapered cylindrical shape with a slight taper by an S structure using a steel plate, and is erected from a foundation B cast on the ground G.

In this embodiment, the generator 14 has a power generation capacity of 500 kW and a power generation wind speed of 2.5 m / s to 22.0 m / s.
And the blade length of the variable pitch type blade 12 is set to 46 m. The rotation speed of the blade 12 is 45 rpm (0.75 rpm) at a wind speed of 3 m / s to 4 m / s.
Hz), and 90 rpm (1.5 Hz) when the wind speed is 10 m or more. At this time, the rotor rotation speed is 3 m / s to 4 m / s.
The speed is 14 rpm (0.25 Hz) at m / s, and 29 rpm (0.5 Hz) at a wind speed of 10 m or more. Further, the generator 14
The size of the tower 16 that supports is 34.35 m in height,
The outer diameter is 2.90 m at the bottom and 2.20 m at the top, and its natural frequency is 1.05 Hz.

The vibration damping device 18 is mounted on a stage 36 provided in the top of the tower 16 as shown in FIG.
TMD with mass 20 and spring bearing 22
(Tuned mass damper). Mass 20
Has the necessary weight to effectively dampen the tower 16,
Formed as iron plate or concrete. The mass body 20 has a square planar shape as shown in FIG.
The four corners are supported by the stage 36 via the spring support 22. The spring support 22 is formed by arranging two laminated rubber pieces 22a in series.
Two horizontal spring forces are determined. That is, the spring force of the spring support 22 is tuned in a vibration region where the vibration system constituted by the spring support 22 and the mass body 20 is to control the tower 16, that is, the natural frequency of the tower 16. Is set to

The lower part of the center of the mass body 20 and the stage 3
A damper device 24 is provided between the mass body 6 and the mass body 20. The viscous fluid tank 32 of the damper device 24 is formed as a circular pool having a predetermined depth, and the high-viscosity fluid 30 is filled therein. The resistor 28 to be inserted into the high-viscosity fluid 30 is formed of a circular thick iron plate. The resistor 28 is suspended from the lower central portion of the mass body 20 via upper and lower adjuster mechanisms 38, and viscous. It is inserted into the high viscosity fluid 30 of the fluid tank 32. The resistor 28 is located at the center of the viscous fluid tank 32 when the mass body 20 is in the neutral state. In the present embodiment, 1,000,000 Stokes high-viscosity silicone is used as the high-viscosity fluid 30, and the optimal tuning damping constant thereof is set as h = C / C _C = 0.15.

The adjuster mechanism 38 includes an adjustment handle 38a.
By rotating this, the gap between the resistor 28 and the bottom surface 32a of the viscous fluid tank 32 is finely adjusted. A seating device 34 is configured between the two. That is,
When the mass body 20 is horizontally moved, the seat device 34 sinks with the buckling of the spring support 22. Accordingly, the resistor 28 is seated on the bottom surface 32 a of the viscous fluid tank 32 when the mass body 20 moves by a predetermined amount by appropriately adjusting the gap δ (about 3 mm).
When the mass body 20 further moves from the seating time, the resistor 28 moves while generating frictional resistance between itself and the bottom surface 32a.

As shown in FIG. 3, the shock-absorbing stopper 26 has a column 26a which is erected from the stage 36 to a lower portion of the mass body 20 and a column 26a.
And a cushioning material 26b such as rubber mounted on a surface of the upper end portion facing the mass body 20. Impact buffer stopper 2
As shown in FIG. 4, a pair is provided so as to face the center of the mass body 20 at a predetermined interval S1 in the left-right direction (X direction) as shown in FIG. In the Y direction), two pairs are provided so as to oppose both sides of the mass body 20 at a predetermined interval S2. The Y direction in which a number of impact buffering stoppers 26 are provided
In consideration of the influence of the wind pressure received in the above, it is made to coincide with the rotation axis direction.

In the wind power generator 10 of the present embodiment having the above-described configuration, the set value of 2.5 m / s to 22.0
At the generated wind speed of m / s, the rotation of the blade 12 is input to the generator 14 via the transmission to generate power.
In this embodiment, when the wind speed exceeds 22.0 m / s, the blade 12 is cut off and the blade 12 idles, and the power generation is stopped.

Here, at the time of normal operation during the power generation wind speed, the large blade 12 having a blade length of 45 m as in this embodiment is used.
Then, the frequency range of the rotation (0.75 Hz to
1.5 Hz) at the natural frequency of the tower 16 (1.05H
z) is included, and there is a resonance phenomenon of the tower 16 caused by the resonance wind speed caused by the Karman vortex excitation. That is, in the present embodiment, since the natural frequency of the tower 16 is 1.05 Hz in the primary cycle, the resonance wind speed is 14.6 m / s, and the above-described normal power generation wind speed (2.5 m / s to 22.0 m / S).

Here, in the present embodiment, since the vibration damping device 18 is provided in the tower 16, the tower 16
When the vibration resonates with the frequency caused by the rotation of the blade 12, or when the amplitude of the tower 16 increases due to the divergent vibration due to the resonance wind speed, the vibration damping device 18 operates. That is, in the vibration damping device 18, the vibration system including the mass body 20 and the spring support 22 resonates with the tower 16, and the mass body 20
Move in the direction to cancel the displacement and suppress the vibration. Thereby, the vibration of the tower 16 can be effectively damped.

Further, the damper device 24 operates in accordance with the movement of the mass body 20, but the movement amount of the mass body 20 does not involve the operation of the seating device 34, that is, the gap δ is set to about 3 mm.
In the range in which the resistor 28 set in the above is not seated on the bottom surface 32a of the viscous fluid tank 32, only the stirring resistance when the resistor 28 moves in the high viscous fluid 30 of the viscous fluid tank 32 is generated, and this stirring resistance is After damping the vibration of the mass body 20 as a damping force and damping the tower 16, the damper device 24
Can be rapidly stabilized.

On the other hand, in the case of a strong wind exceeding the generated wind speed, the amount of movement of the mass body 20 is further increased because the amount of deformation of the tower 16 is increased. When the mass body 20 is thus largely moved (in this embodiment, the horizontal displacement is about 50 mm or more), the spring support 22 starts to buckle and the mass body 20 starts to sink. When this subsidence reaches the gap δ,
The resistor 28 sits on the bottom surface 32a of the viscous fluid tank 32 to support the load of the mass body 20, and in this seated state, the resistor 28 slides on the bottom surface 32a, and the frictional resistance generated at this time is A large damping force is generated in addition to the stirring resistance. Therefore, since a large damping force can be generated for a large movement of the mass body 20, even when the tower 16 is largely rocked, the damper device 24 can be quickly stabilized while damping it. Can be.

As described above, when the resistor 28 is seated on the bottom surface 32a and the seating device 34 is operated, the resistor 28
The frictional resistance due to the sliding between the upper and lower surfaces 32a is set to be sufficiently large so that the mass body 20 exerts only a weight effect on the tower 16. That is, by increasing the frictional resistance in this way, it is possible to prevent the mass body 20 from excessively moving and the vibration damping device 18 from running away. Also, the mass body 20
Is caused by an unexpected excessive vibration of the tower 16,
If you try to overrun beyond your tolerance,
The movement of the mass body 20 is reliably prevented by the shock absorbing stopper 26, and the damping device 18 can be prevented from being broken.

As described above, in the present embodiment, even when the wind power generator 10 is increased in size, the vibration of the tower 16 is suppressed by the vibration damping device 18. 16 can be prevented from vibrating greatly. Therefore, it is possible to suppress a decrease in power generation performance due to a resonance failure with the blade 12 and to reduce the tower 16
Safety can be ensured. Further, since the damping of the tower 16 can be easily achieved by the damping device 18 as described above, even when designing the towers 16 of the wind power generator 10 having different performances, the respective towers 1 may be used.
6 does not need to be individually designed, the construction cost of the tower 16 can be reduced, and safety can be sufficiently ensured.

Further, by providing the shock absorbing stopper 26 in the vibration damping device 18, it is possible to prevent the mass body 20 from being overrun and to prevent the vibration damping device 18 from being destroyed, and to reduce the operating state. The occupied space of the entire anticipated vibration damping device 18 can be reduced. Furthermore,
The damper device 24 including the resistor 28, the viscous fluid tank 32, and the seating device 34 can be disposed here by effectively utilizing the space provided below the mass body 20. Can be reduced to reduce the size. In addition, even when the towers 16 of the wind power generator 10 having different performances are designed in various ways, the towers 16 can be easily damped by the damping device 18, so that it is not necessary to design each tower 16 individually. As a result, the tower 16 can be shared, the construction cost of the tower 16 can be reduced, and safety can be sufficiently ensured.

By the way, in the wind power generator 10 of the present embodiment, the case where the tower 16 is formed in a tapered cylindrical shape is disclosed, but the structure of the tower 16 is not particularly limited to the cylindrical shape. For example, it can be formed in a tower shape by a ramen structure or a truss structure. Also, blade 1
2 may be a fixed type instead of a variable pitch type. In short, the present invention provides a vibration damping device 18 in the tower 16 to actively control the tower 16,
The present invention can be applied to various wind power generators 10.

[0034]

As described above, in the wind power generator according to the first aspect of the present invention, the vibration of the tower is suppressed by the vibration damping device. The tower can be prevented from vibrating largely due to the occurrence of resonance with the wind and the resonance wind speed, and a decrease in power generation performance can be suppressed, and the safety of the tower can be ensured.
Also, in the case of designing various towers of wind power generators with different performances, the vibration damping device can easily achieve the damping of the tower, so that it is not necessary to design each tower individually, and the tower Construction costs can be reduced and safety can be sufficiently secured.

Further, in the wind power generator according to claim 2 of the present invention, the vibration system in which the mass body is supported by the spring bearing is tuned in a vibration region where the tower is to be damped. The vibration of the tower can be canceled out by the vibration of the mass body to control the vibration. Therefore, by causing the mass body to resonate in the resonance region of the tower, it is possible to effectively reduce the disturbance of the tower due to the resonance obstacle with the blade and the resonance wind speed. Further, since the damper device is provided, the vibration of the vibrating mass body is attenuated and can be quickly converged.

Further, in the wind power generator according to claim 3 of the present invention, the resistor moves in the high-viscosity fluid in the viscous fluid tank with the movement of the mass body due to the vibration. A damping force can be obtained by the stirring resistance at this time. In addition, since the seating device is provided, the mass body can obtain a greater damping force due to the stirring resistance of the high-viscosity fluid and further the frictional resistance due to the seating device, and converge the mass body more quickly after damping the tower. And the vibration damping device can be quickly stabilized. In addition, the damper device including the resistor, the viscous fluid tank, and the seating device can be disposed here by effectively utilizing the space below the mass body. The size can be reduced.

Further, in the wind power generator according to claim 4 of the present invention, when the mass body largely moves beyond the normal vibration damping region, it moves by a predetermined allowable movement amount. At this point, it comes into contact with the shock-absorbing stopper to prevent further movement. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the damping device from being destroyed due to the overrun of the mass body, and it is possible to reduce the space occupied by the entire damping device in anticipation of the operating state.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a wind turbine generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a blade of the wind turbine generator according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged side view of a vibration damping device provided in the wind turbine generator according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged plan view of a vibration damping device provided in the wind turbine generator according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Wind power generator 12 Blade 14 Generator 16 Tower 18 Vibration suppression device 20 Mass body 22 Spring support 24 Damper device 26 Impact buffer stopper 28 Resistor 30 High viscous fluid 32 Viscous fluid tank 34 Seating device

Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Tsutomu Mizuno 3-21-8 Nishishinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo Iwatani Industry Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 3H078 AA02 AA26 BB15 CC22 CC47

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A wind turbine generator comprising: a blade that is rotated by wind power; a generator that uses a rotational force of the blade as a driving source; and a tower that supports the blade at a predetermined height. A wind power generator having a vibration damping function, comprising a vibration damping device for suppressing the vibration. 2. The vibration damping device according to claim 1, wherein the mass body and the mass body are swingably supported, and the spring is set to a spring force at which the mass body resonates in a vibration region where the tower is to be damped. 2. The vibration damping function according to claim 1, further comprising: a support body; and a damper device provided between the mass body and the tower side to add a damping force to the movement of the mass body. Wind power generator equipped with. 3. The damper device according to claim 1, further comprising a resistor protruding from a lower side of the mass body, and a viscous fluid provided on the tower side and inserted into a highly viscous fluid stored in the tower. A fluid tank, provided between these resistors and the viscous fluid tank,
The wind power generator with a vibration damping function according to claim 2, further comprising: a seating device that slides with a predetermined frictional resistance while the resistor is seated with a predetermined amount of horizontal movement of the mass body. apparatus. 4. The wind power provided with a vibration damping function according to claim 2, wherein an impact buffering stopper is disposed at an appropriate distance from the mass body in a moving direction of the mass body. Power generator.