JP2000194177A - Electrophotographic device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electrophotographic device capable of stably outputting a good image in any environment from low temperature and low humidity to high temperature and high humidity, ensuring improved wear resistance of a photoreceptor used and having a long service life and high image quality. SOLUTION: In the electrophotographic device in which an image is formed by adopting an image forming process including an electrification step by a contact electrification system by which the surface of an electrophotographic photoreceptor is electrified by applying voltage to an electrically conductive member brought into contact with the surface of the photoreceptor, the surface layer of the photoreceptor is formed by applying and hardening a solution containing a compound containing one or both of reactive acryloyloxy and methacryloyloxy groups in its molecule. The ratio (A/M) of the total amount A of the acryloyloxy and methacryloyloxy groups to the molecular weight M of the compound is <=0.005.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electrophotographic apparatus, and more particularly, to an electrophotographic apparatus using so-called direct charging in which a charging member to which a voltage is applied is brought into contact with the surface of an electrophotographic photosensitive member to charge the photosensitive member. It concerns the device.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in an electrophotographic image forming apparatus, a corona charger has been used as a means for charging an electrophotographic photosensitive member. However, in this method, a corona product such as ozone or nitrogen oxide is generated at the time of corona generation, which causes bleeding or blurring of an image by adhering to or deteriorating the surface of the photoreceptor, and dirt on the corona wire. This caused non-uniform charging and caused image defects such as white spots and black stripes on the image. In corona charging, the electric current flowing toward the photoreceptor is 5 to 30 in total.
%, Most of which flowed to the shield plate, and was inefficient as a charging means.

However, in recent years, since it has advantages such as low ozone and low power, a contact charging device, that is, a charging member to which a voltage has been applied to a photosensitive member as described above is brought into contact with the photosensitive member to charge the image photosensitive member. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 57-1782
No. 6, JP-A-58-40566, and the like, and have been put to practical use. Specifically, the charging is performed by applying a voltage of about 1 to 2 kV between the charging member and the photoconductor, thereby performing gap discharge generated in a minute gap between the charging member and the photoconductor.

Accordingly, charging is started by applying a voltage higher than a certain threshold voltage, and the photosensitive member can be charged by applying a predetermined DC voltage.
However, in the method in which only a DC voltage is applied, the resistance value of the contact charging member fluctuates due to fluctuations in temperature and humidity around the device, and the charging voltage changes when the film thickness changes due to repeated use of the photoconductor. Therefore, it was difficult to set the potential of the photoconductor to a desired value.

Therefore, in order to further improve the uniformity of charging, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-149669, a DC voltage corresponding to a desired charging voltage is twice the discharge threshold voltage. A method is used in which an oscillating voltage in which an AC component having the above-described peak-to-peak voltage is superimposed is applied to the contact charging member to charge the photosensitive member. This is for the purpose of the effect of leveling the potential by applying an AC voltage, and the potential of the photoconductor converges to the applied DC voltage, and is not affected by external factors such as the environment and photoconductor shaving. Absent.

In contact charging, a roller charging system using a conductive roller as a charging member is particularly preferably used in terms of charging safety. In a contact charging device of a roller charging type, a conductive elastic roller as a charging member is brought into pressure contact with a photoconductor, and a voltage is applied to the photoconductor to charge the photoconductor. In this way, by using a so-called contact charging type charging step of charging the electrophotographic photosensitive member surface by applying a voltage to the conductive member by bringing the conductive member into contact with the electrophotographic photosensitive member surface,
Low-power charging with less ozone generation is now possible. Furthermore, by applying a DC + AC oscillation voltage to the charging member, stable and uniform charging can be performed.

However, even in such a contact charging device, a very small amount of ozone is generated because the essential charging mechanism uses a discharge phenomenon from the charging member to the image carrier. Further, since the discharge occurs in the vicinity of the surface of the photoreceptor, damage to the surface of the photoreceptor due to charging is more than that in the case of corona charging. Further, in the case of using a method of superimposing an AC voltage for uniform charging, the problem is that deterioration of the photoreceptor surface becomes more remarkable due to a further increase in ozone generation and discharge. I was

Particularly, in the case of an organic photoconductor using an organic semiconductor as the photoconductor, damage to the surface of the photoconductor due to the contact charging is remarkable. Is very large, so that the durability life of the photosensitive member is shortened.

On the other hand, as an attempt to extend the durability life of the photoreceptor, an attempt has been made to reduce the abrasion by increasing the surface hardness by forming the surface layer of the photoreceptor with a resin which is cured by light or heat. The measurement was performed as described in JP-A-66834, JP-A-57-207258, JP-A-4-226469 and the like.

However, when the photoreceptor whose surface layer is cured and formed with a curable resin is used in an electrophotographic apparatus for performing the above-mentioned contact charging, the photoreceptor has a large shaving property and does not have a sufficient life. Or very little scraping,
When an image was repeatedly formed in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment, the resistance was lowered due to the deterioration of the surface of the photoreceptor, and sufficient durability was not obtained such that the image was blurred.

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to stably output a good image under any environment from low temperature and low humidity to high temperature and high humidity, to improve the abrasion resistance of the photoreceptor, and to improve the long life. To provide an electrophotographic apparatus with high image quality.

[0012]

According to the present invention, there is provided a so-called contact charging method of charging a surface of an electrophotographic photosensitive member by bringing a conductive member into contact with the surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member and applying a voltage to the conductive member. In an electrophotographic apparatus that performs image formation by applying an image forming process, the surface layer of the electrophotographic photoreceptor includes a reactive acryloyloxy group, one or both of a methacryloyloxy group, and a compound containing a compound in a molecule. A solution containing one or both of a reactive acryloyloxy group and a methacryloyloxy group, which is formed by applying and curing a solution containing the acryloyloxy group and the methacryloyloxy group. The total number A is A / M =
An electrophotographic apparatus is provided that is no greater than 0.005.

[0013]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail.

In the electrophotographic apparatus according to the present invention, a conductive member is brought into contact with the surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member, and a voltage is applied to the conductive member, thereby performing a contact charging method of charging the surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member. FIG. 1 shows a schematic view of an example of the charging device of the present invention.

In the example shown in FIG. 1, a conductive rubber roller is used as a charging member, and a photosensitive member having a structure in which a photosensitive layer and a protective layer are laminated in this order is used as a photosensitive member. A protective layer that is a surface layer is formed by applying and curing a solution containing a compound containing one or both of a reactive acryloyloxy group and a methacryloyloxy group in a molecule,
In addition, the total number of acryloyloxy group and methacryloyloxy group contents relative to the molecular weight of the compound containing one or both of the reactive acryloyloxy group and methacryloyloxy group in the molecule is 0.005 or less.

A charging member in the form of a roller is placed in contact with the surface of the photosensitive member, and the photosensitive member is charged by applying a voltage to the charging member while rotating the charging member and the photosensitive member in the direction of the arrow. I have.

The voltage applied to the charging member is a DC voltage or an oscillating voltage obtained by superimposing AC on DC. Among them, it is more preferable to apply the latter oscillating voltage from the viewpoint of charging stability and uniformity.

As the shape of the charging member, in addition to the roller shown in FIG. 1, a blade, a brush, and a member for bringing a conductive liquid into contact with the surface of the photoreceptor can be considered. The material constituting the charging member is not particularly limited, as long as a desired resistance and shape can be obtained. For example, a metal such as gold, silver, mercury, or the like, a resin in which conductive powder such as carbon black is dispersed, a conductive polymer, or a rubber material subjected to ionic conduction can be used. Among them, a roller charging type device using a conductive roller is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of charging safety.

Next, the photosensitive member will be described.

The photoreceptor of the present invention has a surface layer
A solution containing a compound containing one or both of a reactive acryloyloxy group and a methacryloyloxy group in a molecule is formed by applying and curing, and one or both of a reactive acryloyloxy group and a methacryloyloxy group. The total number of acryloyloxy group and methacryloyloxy group contents relative to the molecular weight of the compound containing in the molecule may be 0.005 or less, and the other is not particularly limited.

In the present invention, the layer constitution of the electrophotographic photosensitive member is basically such that a photosensitive layer comprising an optical semiconductor is formed on a conductive support, and the surface layer is laminated thereon as a protective layer. It is. Or, when the photosensitive layer is a laminate,
The surface of the photosensitive layer may be formed of a mixture of a compound containing one or both of the reactive acryloyloxy group and methacryloyloxy group in a molecule and another compound to form the photosensitive member of the present invention.

As the photosensitive layer, conventionally known ones can be used. For example, Se, As ₂ Se ₃ , a-Si, CdS, Z
composed of an inorganic optical semiconductor such as nO ₂ or PV
Those using organic materials such as K-TNF, phthalocyanine pigments and azo pigments can be used. Furthermore, when the characteristics of the photoreceptor of the present invention are focused on, a function-separated type photoreceptor having a configuration in which a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer are laminated among organic materials is used. The charge transport layer is laminated on the charge transport layer, and the protective layer is further laminated on the charge transport layer. Are better.

The compound containing one or both of a reactive acryloyloxy group and a methacryloyloxy group in the molecule for forming the surface layer of the photoreceptor of the present invention is an acryloyloxy group and a methacryloyloxy group based on the molecular weight of the compound. It suffices that the total number of groups contained is 0.005 or less. The acryloyloxy group and the methacryloyloxy group are represented by the following structural formulas (1) and (2).

[0024]

Embedded image

The above compounds are represented by the above-mentioned structural formulas (1) and (2)
One or both functional groups at the terminal of the molecule, and the total number A of the functional groups in the molecule is A / M = 0.005 with respect to the molecular weight M.
It is as follows. The structure of the portion of the compound molecule other than the acryloyloxy group and the methacryloyloxy group is not particularly limited. Any organic compound to which an acryloyloxy group and a methacryloyloxy group are bonded may be used. For example, epoxy acrylate (methacrylate), epoxidized oil acrylate (methacrylate), urethane acrylate (methacrylate), polyester acrylate (methacrylate), polyether acrylate Commercially available acrylic (methacrylic) oligomers such as (methacrylate) or polyethylene, polyester, polycarbonate, polystyrene, fluoropolymer, cellulose, polyurethane, silicone polymer, polyalkyd, vinyl chloride polymer, vinyl chloride-
Acrylicyloxy groups and / or methacryloyloxy groups added to one or both of the terminals, such as those having a relatively small molecular weight such as vinyl acetate copolymers or oligomers and their partially modified ones, and commercially available acrylic monomers Among them, those having a total number of functional groups in one molecule of not more than 0.005 with respect to the molecular weight can be used.

Among them, the total number of acryloyloxy groups and methacryloyloxy groups in one molecule is desirably 3 or more from the viewpoint of curability after application of the surface layer and hardness of the surface layer. Is preferably 300 or more and 10,000 or less, and more preferably 500 or more and 5000 or less.

The surface layer of the present invention is prepared by dissolving a compound containing one or both of the reactive acryloyloxy group and methacryloyloxy group in a molecule in an appropriate solvent, and applying the resulting solution as a coating solution on the photosensitive layer. After being dried, it is formed by curing with light or heat. Any solvent may be used as long as it can dissolve the compound.

The method for coating the surface layer of the photoreceptor of the present invention uses a method such as spray coating, beam coating, or dip coating. Further, the surface layer of the present invention,
If necessary, additives such as an antioxidant and an ultraviolet absorber may be added.For the purpose of controlling the conductivity of the surface layer, for example, metal particles, metal oxide particles, carbon black, etc. Alternatively, conductive particles such as conductive polymer particles may be dispersed.

In the case where the surface layer of the photoreceptor is cured by light when the coating solution is cured after being applied on the photosensitive layer, a photoinitiator is added to the surface layer coating solution. The addition amount of the photoinitiator to the compound containing one or both of a reactive acryloyloxy group and a methacryloyloxy group in a molecule is preferably 0.1 to 50% by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 30%. is there. Also, as the light to be cured,
For example, an active actinic ray such as an ultraviolet ray, an X-ray, or an electron beam can be used. The photoinitiator may be any one that generates a radical by such light.

As described above, in an electrophotographic apparatus in which an image is formed by applying an image forming process including a charging step of a contact charging system, the surface layer of the electrophotographic photosensitive member is coated with a reactive acryloyloxy group or methacryloyloxy group. Is formed by applying and curing a solution containing a compound containing one or both of the compounds in the molecule, and reacting with an acryloyloxy group or a methacryloyloxy group. By using those having a total number of acryloyloxy groups and methacryloyloxy groups of 0.005 or less, a good image can be stably output even in a wide range of use environments.
In addition, it has become possible to configure an electrophotographic apparatus in which abrasion of the photoreceptor is small and the durability life of the photoreceptor can be sufficiently long.

The electrophotographic apparatus of the present invention includes not only an electrophotographic copying machine but also a laser printer, a CRT printer,
It can be widely used in electrophotographic application fields such as LED printers, liquid crystal printers, and laser plate making, and the apparatus of the present invention can also be used in cartridges used in the copiers and printers.

[0032]

The present invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following examples. In addition, "part" in an Example shows a weight part.

(Embodiment 1) FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram of an embodiment of an electrophotographic apparatus. The electrophotographic apparatus of this embodiment is a laser beam printer using a transfer type electrophotographic process.

Reference numeral 1 denotes a rotating drum type electrophotographic photosensitive member. The present embodiment is a photoconductor using an organic semiconductor having a diameter of 30 mm, and is driven to rotate at a process speed (peripheral speed) of 100 mm / sec in the direction of the arrow. Reference numeral 2 denotes a rotating roller (charging roller) serving as a contact charging member brought into contact with the photoreceptor, and the same roller as that used in a commercially available LBP-EX laser printer manufactured by Canon Inc. was used. An oscillating voltage obtained by superimposing an alternating voltage of 1500 Hz with a peak-to-peak voltage of 2000 V on a DC charging bias of -700 V from a charging bias applying power source S 1 is applied to the rotating charging roller 2. Are uniformly charged to about -690V.

The charged surface of the rotating photosensitive member 1 is intensity-modulated in accordance with a time-series electric digital signal of target image information output from a laser beam scanner (not shown) including a laser diode, a polygon mirror, and the like. The scanning exposure L is performed by the laser beam, and an electrostatic latent image corresponding to the target image information is formed on the peripheral surface of the rotating photoconductor 1. The electrostatic latent image is reversely developed as a toner image by a reversal developing device 3 using a magnetic one-component insulating negative toner.

3a is 16 mm in diameter containing a magnet
The developing sleeve is coated with the above-mentioned negative toner, and the distance from the surface of the photoreceptor 1 is set to 30.
The photosensitive member 1 is rotated at a constant speed while being fixed at 0 μm, and a developing bias is applied to the sleeve 3a from a developing bias power source S2. The voltage is a DC voltage of -500 V and a frequency of 18
Jumping development of the sleeve 3a and the photoconductor 1 is performed by using a superimposed rectangular AC voltage of 00Hz and a peak-to-peak voltage of 1600V.

On the other hand, a transfer material P as a recording material is fed from a paper supply unit (not shown), and the rotating photosensitive member 1 is brought into contact with the photosensitive member 1 with a predetermined pressing force. At a predetermined timing into a pressure nip portion (transfer portion) T with the transfer roller 4. A predetermined transfer bias voltage is applied to the transfer roller 4 from a transfer bias application power source S3. In this embodiment, the transfer was performed by applying a DC voltage of +2000 V using the transfer roller 4 having a roller resistance value of 5 × 10 ⁸ Ω.

The transfer material P introduced into the transfer section T is conveyed by nipping the transfer section T, and the toner image formed and held on the surface of the rotary photoreceptor 1 on the front side thereof is sequentially reduced by electrostatic force and It is transferred by the pressing force. The transfer material P to which the toner image has been transferred is separated from the surface of the photoreceptor 1 and introduced into a fixing device 5 such as a heat fixing system, where the toner image is fixed.
It is discharged out of the apparatus as an image formed product (print, copy). The surface of the photoreceptor after the transfer of the toner image to the transfer material P is cleaned by the cleaning device 6 to remove the adhered matter such as residual toner, and is repeatedly used for image formation.

In the electrophotographic apparatus of this embodiment, the four process devices of the photoreceptor 1, the contact charging member 2, the developing device 3, and the cleaning device 6 are contained in the cartridge 20 and can be collectively attached to and detached from the main body. This is a cartridge type device.

The electrophotographic photoreceptor 1 in this embodiment is a photoreceptor using an organic photo-semiconductor for negative charging. The electrophotographic photoreceptor 1 has a surface of φ30 mm whose surface is roughened by anodic oxidation to prevent occurrence of moire due to laser exposure. The following four layers are laminated on a support made of aluminum.

The first layer was prepared by mixing 10 parts of an alcohol-soluble copolymerized nylon resin (average molecular weight: 29000) and 30 parts of methoxymethylated 6 nylon resin (average molecular weight: 32,000) in a mixed solvent of 260 parts of methanol / 40 parts of butanol. Dissolved. This preparation was applied by dip coating to form an undercoat layer having a thickness of 1 μm.

Next, 4 parts of a disazo pigment having the following structural formula:

[0043]

Embedded image A dispersion liquid for a charge generation layer was prepared by dispersing 2 parts of a polyvinyl butyral resin (butyral conversion ratio: 68%, average molecular weight: 24,000) and 34 parts of cyclohexanone for 12 hours by a sand mill, and immersed in the undercoat layer using this. By the application, a charge generation layer having a thickness of 0.2 μm was formed.

Next, as a charge transport layer, 7 parts of a hydrazone compound represented by the following structural formula:

[0045]

Embedded image A polystyrene resin (10 parts) was dissolved in monochlorobenzene (50 parts), and the resulting solution was applied by dip coating to form a charge transport layer having a thickness of 15 μm.

On the photosensitive layer thus formed, a surface protective layer was formed as follows. 10 parts of an acryloyloxy group-containing compound having the following structural formula

[0047]

Embedded image As a photopolymerization initiator, 1 part of 2-methylthioxanthone was dissolved in 50 parts of methyl ethyl ketone to prepare a dispersion of a surface protective layer, and the resulting solution was applied on the photosensitive layer by dip coating, air-dried, and then dried with a high-pressure mercury lamp. The film was irradiated with light at a light intensity of 8 mW / cm ² for 20 seconds and cured to form a surface layer having a thickness of 1 μm, thereby obtaining an electrophotographic photosensitive member. The A / M of this compound was 0.0027.

When the electrophotographic photoreceptor thus produced was subjected to image output by the printer of the electrophotographic apparatus, no image blur or flow was observed under any environment. Could be output.
Further, even after continuous image output of 10,000 sheets, almost no scraping of the surface layer was observed, and a good image could be output without scratches.

(Comparative Example 1) An image was output in exactly the same manner as in Example 1, except that a photosensitive member having only a photosensitive layer without a surface protective layer of the photosensitive member was used. As a result, fog due to scraping of the photoreceptor surface began to occur on the image due to continuous image output of 5000 sheets.

Comparative Example 2 The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that the acryloyloxy group-containing compound represented by the following structural formula was used as the coating solution for the surface protective layer of the photoreceptor. Created body. A of this compound
/ M was 0.0086.

[0051]

Embedded image

Using this photosensitive member, an image was output in the same manner as in Example 1. As a result, scars and abrasion hardly occurred on the surface of the photoreceptor.
%, The surface electric resistance was reduced due to the deterioration of the surface of the photoreceptor due to electrification, and blurring and flow of the image began to occur.

(Examples 2 to 7 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4) In Example 1, an acryloyloxy group-containing compound having a structural formula shown in Table 1 was used as a coating solution for a surface protective layer of a photoreceptor. Except for this, the photoconductors of Examples 2 to 7 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4 were prepared in exactly the same manner. The compound A
The values of / M are also shown in Table 1.

Using these photoconductors, an image output experiment of 10,000 sheets was performed using the same electrophotographic apparatus as in Example 1. As a result, the evaluation of the obtained image and the result of the shaving amount of the surface layer at the time of outputting 10,000 images are shown in Table 2.

As shown in Table 2, in Example 2, although the surface layer was abraded and slightly scratched, no image blur or flow occurred up to 9,000 sheets. In Examples 3 to 7, 1 was obtained in all cases.
Good images were obtained without any problem up to 10,000 sheets.

On the other hand, in Comparative Example 3, the total number of acryloyloxy groups relative to the molecular weight was 3/296 = 0.01.
Although the surface layer was formed using an acrylic monomer,
Although the scraping was small, image blur and flow occurred. Also,
In Comparative Example 4, the surface layer was formed using an acrylic monomer in which the total number of acryloyloxy groups relative to the molecular weight was 2/336 = 0.006. Image defects such as fog occurred.

[0057]

[Table 1]

[0058]

[Table 2]

[0059]

[Table 3]

[0060]

According to the present invention, in an electrophotographic apparatus for performing a contact charging type charging step, the surface layer of the electrophotographic photoreceptor includes one or both of a reactive acryloyloxy group and a methacryloyloxy group in a molecule. An acryloyloxy group and a methacryloyloxy group, which are formed by applying and curing a solution containing a compound containing the compound and have one or both of a reactive acryloyloxy group and a methacryloyloxy group with respect to the molecular weight M in the compound containing in the molecule. By setting the total amount A of the group content to A / M = 0.005 or less, low power, low ozone generation and uniform charging due to contact charging, which were conventionally incompatible, and sufficient photoconductor durability At the same time, the service life can be ensured.

According to the present invention, there is provided an electrophotographic apparatus capable of stably outputting a good image even in a wide range of usage environment, and having a small amount of scraping of the photosensitive member and ensuring a sufficiently long durability life of the photosensitive member. be able to.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a charging device using a conductive roller.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a laser beam printer using a transfer type electrophotographic process in the electrophotographic apparatus of the present invention.

[Description of Signs] 1 electrophotographic photosensitive member 2 contact charging member (charging roller) 3 developing device 3a developing sleeve 4 contact transfer means (transfer roller) 5 fixing device 6 cleaning device 10 conductive support 11 photosensitive layer 12 surface layer L Laser light (scanning exposure light) P transfer material

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Michiyo Sekiya 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon Inc. (72) Hiroyuki Tanaka 3-30-2 Shimomaruko, Ota-ku, Tokyo Canon F term in the company (reference) 2H003 BB11 CC04 CC05 CC06 EE12 2H068 AA03 BB07 BB08 BB52 BB53 BB59 FC01

Claims (7)

[Claims] An image forming process including a so-called contact charging type charging step in which a conductive member is brought into contact with the surface of an electrophotographic photosensitive member and a voltage is applied to the conductive member to charge the surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member. In an electrophotographic apparatus for performing image formation by applying a solution containing a compound containing one or both of a reactive acryloyloxy group and a methacryloyloxy group to a surface layer of the electrophotographic photoreceptor, The molecular weight M of a compound formed by curing and containing one or both of the reactive acryloyloxy group and methacryloyloxy group in the molecule
An electrophotographic apparatus characterized in that the total number A of the contents of acryloyloxy groups and methacryloyloxy groups with respect to is not more than A / M = 0.005. 2. The electrophotographic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the voltage applied to the charging member is a vibration voltage in which an AC component is superimposed on a DC component. 3. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1, wherein the electrophotographic photosensitive member has a photosensitive layer having a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer on a support, and further has a protective layer made of a resin as a surface layer thereon. Electrophotographic equipment. 4. A reactive acryloyloxy group contained in a coating solution for forming a surface layer of the electrophotographic photoreceptor,
The electrophotograph according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in a compound containing one or both of methacryloyloxy groups in a molecule, the total number of acryloyloxy groups and methacryloyloxy groups contained is 3 or more in one molecule. apparatus. 5. A reactive acryloyloxy group contained in a coating solution for forming a surface layer of the electrophotographic photoreceptor,
In a compound containing one or both of methacryloyloxy groups in the molecule, the molecular weight M is 300 or more and 10,000 or more.
The electrophotographic apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: 6. A reactive acryloyloxy group contained in a coating solution for forming a surface layer of the electrophotographic photoreceptor,
The electrophotographic apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the compound containing one or both of the methacryloyloxy groups in the molecule has a molecular weight M of 500 or more and 5000 or less. 7. A coating solution for forming a surface layer of the electrophotographic photoreceptor contains a photoreaction initiator, and the surface layer is formed by being cured by ultraviolet irradiation after coating the coating solution. The electrophotographic apparatus according to claim 1.