JP2000193576A - Abrasion tester - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an abrasion tester capable of stably performing an abrasion test in such a state that a rotary body is brought into contact with a fixed piece in spite of having a relatively simple constitution. SOLUTION: The abrasion tester is equipped with an arm 30 of which both ends are supported in a shakable manner by a ball bearing 72 (fulcrum) in such a state that a fixed piece holding mechanism 3 holds a fixed piece S2 on the leading end side thereof, the first wt. 44 as the test load hanging up the base end of the arm 30 to bring the side surface of the fixed piece S2 into contact with the outer peripheral surface of a rotary body S1 and the second wt. 35 taking the wt. balance of both ends of the arm 30. A pair of left and right balancers 40 prescribing the rotation of the arm 30 around an axial line extend from the arm 30 and the arm 30 is equipped with a pair of leaf springs 33 arranged almost in parallel on the leading end side thereof.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wear test apparatus for testing the degree of wear of a rotating body or a fixed piece. More specifically, the present invention relates to a structure for stabilizing test conditions during a wear test.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Among many components constituting a motor, a bearing member and a shaft material need to be resistant to wear. Therefore, when evaluating new materials,
A wear test must be performed. However, 2
At present, there is no device capable of properly performing a wear test under the condition that one of the pieces rotates and the other is fixed.

[0003]

Therefore, the present inventors rotate the cylindrical or round rod-shaped rotating body S1 around the axis as shown in FIG. 7, and move the rotating body S1 with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body S1. Thus, a wear test apparatus 1A was devised in which the side surface of the fixed piece S2 was brought into contact with the axis of the rotating body S1 at right angles. In this wear test apparatus 1A, the arm 30 holds the fixed piece S2 on the distal end side, and is pivotally supported at both ends by a fulcrum 720. The base end side of the arm 30 is lifted upward by the pulley 41, the wire 42, and the weight 44, and one spring 440 is disposed halfway from the fulcrum 720 to the distal end side. Always elastically comes into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body S1. Therefore, after performing a test for a certain period of time in this state, the wear amount of the rotating body S1 or the fixed piece S2 is measured, and if the worn state is observed, the resistance of the rotating body S1 or the fixed piece S2 to the abrasion can be tested. Can be.

However, the wear test apparatus 1A has the following problems. First, when the thickness and the mounting position of the rotating body S1 or the fixing piece S2 change, the arm 30
And the spring 440 bends when a test load (weight 44) is applied, so that the position at which the fixed piece S2 contacts the rotating body S1 and the angle θ are shifted. As a result, for the load W to be applied, Wc
Since only a component force of osθ is applied, the accuracy of the test is poor.

If the balance around the axis of the arm 30 is not good, the fixing piece S2 is inclined to form a corner and the contact area is changed, so that it is impossible to accurately compare the wear amount.

[0006] In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide:
It is an object of the present invention to provide a wear test apparatus which has a relatively simple structure and can stably perform a wear test in a state where a rotating body and a fixed piece are in contact with each other.

[0007]

Means taken to solve the above problem will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a fixed piece holding mechanism in a friction test device to which the present invention is applied. 1, in the present invention, a rotating body driving mechanism 2 for rotating a rotating body S1 having a cylindrical or round rod shape around an axis, and an outer peripheral surface of the rotating body S1 held by the rotating body driving mechanism 2 are shown. A fixed piece holding mechanism 3 for abutting the side face of the fixed piece S2 at right angles to the axis of the rotating body S1, and testing the degree of wear of either the side face of the fixed piece S2 or the outer peripheral face of the rotating body S1. Test device 1 for a fixed piece holding mechanism 3
The arm 30 has both ends pivotally supported by a fulcrum such as a ball bearing 72 while holding the fixing piece S2 on the distal end side, and the base end side of the arm 30 is lifted upward to form a side surface of the fixing piece S2. In order to accurately apply a predetermined test load to the fixed piece S2 by balancing the weights of the first weight 44 as a test load for bringing the arm 30 into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body S1 and both ends of the arm 30 sandwiching the fulcrum. And a second weight 35 disposed at a predetermined position on the arm 30.

In the present invention, after the side surface of the fixed piece S2 is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body S1 with an appropriate force, the rotating body S1 is rotated at a high speed around the axis, and the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body S1 and the stationary body are fixed. The side surface of the piece S2 is cut by friction between these members, and a concave portion is formed. Therefore, if the depth dimension and the width dimension of the concave portion are measured and the inside of the concave portion is observed with an electron microscope or the like, the rotating body S1 and the fixed piece S2 are obtained.
The resistance of the material used for abrasion to abrasion can be tested. Here, in the arm 30 in a state where the test load (the first weight 44) is not applied, even if the weight or the mounting position of the fixing piece S2 is changed, the weight balance between both ends sandwiching the fulcrum is:
It can be ensured by shifting the position of the second weight 35. For this reason, the contact pressure of the fixed piece S2 that contacts the rotating body S1 is
The force of the first weight 44 as a test load can be transmitted accurately. Therefore, the rotating body S1 and the fixed piece S2 can always be brought into contact with each other under the same conditions. Therefore, the wear test in a state where the rotating body S1 and the fixed piece S2 are in contact with each other can be performed with a relatively simple configuration. It can be performed stably.

In the present invention, the arm 30 preferably has a pair of right and left balancers 40 extending obliquely downward from the arm 30 and restricting rotation of the arm 30 around the axis. With such a configuration, since a pair of balancers 40 is added to the arm 30, there is no force to turn around the axis. Therefore, uneven wear resulting from the inclination of the fixing piece S2 can be prevented. Therefore,
The test can be performed in a state where the rotating body S1 keeps a parallel contact state with the fixed piece S2.

In the present invention, it is preferable that the arm 30 includes a pair of leaf springs 33 whose upper and lower two members are disposed substantially in parallel on the tip side from the fulcrum. With this configuration, even if a concave portion is formed in the rotating body S1 and the fixed piece S2 during the test, or when test pieces having different thicknesses (the rotating body S1 and the fixed piece S2) are used, two plates are used. Spring 33
Is similarly deformed, so that the fixed piece S2 is always kept horizontal. Therefore, during the test period, the rotating body S1
And the fixed piece S2 continue to contact at the same place, and the contact position and the contact angle do not shift.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A wear test apparatus 1 to which the present invention is applied will be described with reference to the drawings.

(Overall Structure) FIGS. 2, 3 and 4 are plan views of a wear test apparatus to which the present invention is applied, and side views around a rotating body held by a rotating body drive mechanism of the wear test apparatus. And a side view showing a configuration of a fixing piece holding mechanism for holding a side of the fixing piece in the wear test device. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram showing a balancer for an arm in a wear test device to which the present invention is applied. FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a lock mechanism for an arm in a wear test device to which the present invention is applied.

In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a wear test apparatus 1 of the present embodiment holds a rotating body driving mechanism 2 that holds a rotating body S1 having a cylindrical or round rod shape and rotates the rotating body S1 around an axis. Fixing in which the lower end surface of the side surface of the plate-shaped fixing piece S2 abuts on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body S1 held by the rotating body drive mechanism 2 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the rotating body S1. This is a device for roughly testing the degree of wear on one or both of the side surface of the fixed piece S2 and the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body S1.

The rotating body drive mechanism 2 includes a spindle drive motor 23, a control unit 21 for controlling the spindle drive motor 23, and a spindle drive motor 2.
And a variable-speed volume 22 for inputting the rotation speed of No. 3. A spindle unit 25 with an air-cooled or water-cooled cooling device is disposed at a side position of the spin torque drive motor 23. The base end side of the spindle 26 of the spindle unit 25 and the output shaft of the spindle drive motor 23 are respectively Pulley 261 attached to the
231 and a belt 232 hung on these pulleys 261, 231 are mechanically connected. In the spindle unit 25, a collet chuck 28 is formed at the tip of the spindle 23. The collet chuck 28 holds the rotating body S1 while centering the rotating body S1, and also rotates the rotating body S1 around the axis from about 1080 rpm to about 1 rpm.
It is rotationally driven in the range of 0800 rpm. The actual rotation speed at this time is monitored by a tachometer (not shown).

As described above, in this embodiment, since the collet chuck 28 is used to hold the rotating body S1, the rotating body S1 can always be held horizontally. Further, in the case of the collet chuck 28, unlike the configuration in which the rotating body S1 is inserted into a simple round hole and screwed from the side, the rotating body S1
Can be made to coincide with the axis of the spindle 26, so that the rotating body S1 does not run out.

As shown in FIG. 3, the collet chuck 28
The heating oil tank 61 is located below the rotating body S1
And a lubricating oil supply unit 60 including a heater 62. During the test, the lubricating oil stored here is supplied to the side surface of the rotating body S1 in a heated state. The oil used here is lubricating oil that is scheduled to be used when the rotating body S1 and the fixed piece S2 are mounted on the motor. Further, in the present embodiment, since the entire lubricating oil supply unit 60 is installed on the base 11 via the guide 12, when preparing for the test, the lubricating oil supply unit 60 is moved along the guide 12 along the rotating body S 1. Can be retracted from the position below the rotary body S1, so that the operation of holding the rotating body S1 on the collet chuck 28 is easy, and the lubricating oil supply unit 60 can be brought to a position directly below the rotating body S1 when performing a test. .

1, 2 and 4, in the wear test apparatus 1, the fixed piece holding mechanism 3 for bringing the fixed piece S2 into contact with the rotating body S1 held by the collet chuck 28 is mounted on the tip side 301. An arm 30 whose both ends are swingably supported about a fulcrum (a ball bearing 72 described later) while the fixing piece S2 is held horizontally,
A test for maintaining a state in which the side surface of the fixed piece S2 is in contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body S1 by lifting the horizontal shaft portion 303 extending on both sides at the base end side 302 of the “0” through the pulley 41 and the wire 42 upward. First weight 44 as load
And a fulcrum of the arm 30 (a ball bearing 7 described later).
2) Arm 3 to balance the weight on both sides sandwiching
And a second weight 35 arranged at a predetermined position on the zero. Here, while a portion of the arm 30 on which the second weight 35 is attached is threaded externally, a hole through which the arm 30 is formed is formed in the second weight 35, and an internal thread is formed in this hole. It is. Therefore, the second weight 35 is connected to the arm 3
It can be easily shifted on zero. Also, the pulley 41, the wire 42 and the first weight 4 with respect to the base end side of the arm 30
4 is a pair of left and right, the first used for each
Weights 44 are equal.

In the fixed piece holding mechanism 3, the arm 30
Are supported by the arm support unit 7. The arm support unit 7 supports the arm 30 via a base 70, and the base 70 is supported by a pair of ball bearings 71 arranged in the axial direction of the arm 30.
Are supported so as to be rotatable around the axis.

However, as shown in FIG.
Since there is a pair of left and right balancers 40 extending diagonally downward from the arm 30 and each having a weight at the lower end, even if the arm 30 is rotatable around the axis, the predetermined balance is provided by the pair of right and left balancers 40. The orientation is maintained. Further, since the arm support unit 7 supports the base 70 with ball bearings 72 disposed at two places on both sides sandwiched between the axes of the arm 30, the arm 30
Are in a state where both ends can swing about the ball bearing 72 as a fulcrum. The arm support unit 7 includes a height adjustment mechanism 77.

Further, in the arm support unit 7, when the arm 30 holds the fixed piece S2, there is a problem if the arm 30 remains unstable. Therefore, as shown in FIG. Lever 3 facing horizontally
8 is lifted from the state shown by the alternate long and short dash line L2 to the state shown by the solid line L1, the lock base 75 rises and the base 7 is lifted.
0 is fixed. For this reason, in this state, the arm 30
The two ends do not swing.

In the arm 30, two leaf springs 33 are arranged on the distal end side 301 of the arm support unit 7 so as to face up and down, and a fixing piece S 2 is provided between the distal ends of the leaf springs 33. The fixing member S2 is screwed to the mounting member base and the leaf spring 33 while the mounting member base is sandwiched. When two leaf springs 33 are used in this manner, even if the vertical position of the fixed piece S2 changes, such a displacement is absorbed by the deformation of the two leaf springs 33, so that the fixed piece S2 is always horizontal. Is held in.

(Operation and Effect) To perform the wear test of the rotating body S1 and the fixed piece S2 in the wear test apparatus 1 configured as described above, first, in the rotating body driving mechanism 2,
The rotating body S1 is held by the collet chuck 28 formed at the tip of the spindle 26.

On the other hand, in the fixed piece holding mechanism 3, the lever 38
Is operated, the fixing piece S2 is attached to the distal end side 301 of the arm 30 in a state where the base 70 is fixed on the lock base 75 in the arm holding unit 7. Next, the lever 38 is operated to release the lock on the arm 30 so that both ends of the arm 30 can swing.

In this state, first, the second weight 35 is moved in the front-rear direction to adjust the horizontal balance around the ball bearing 72, which is the swing fulcrum of the arm 30, and then the test piece (the rotating body S1 and the fixed piece The first weight 44 corresponding to the load to be applied in S2) is suspended via the pulley 41 and the wire 42.

After the lower end surface (side surface) of the fixed piece S2 is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body S1 with an appropriate force in this way, the spindle drive motor 23 is operated to rotate the rotating body S1.
1 is rotated at high speed around the axis. As a result, the rotating body S1
And the lower end surface (side surface) of the fixed piece S2 are shaved by friction between these members to form a concave portion. Therefore, if the depth dimension and width dimension of the concave portion are measured and the inside of the concave portion is observed with an electron microscope or the like, the rotating body S1
And the resistance to abrasion of the material used for the fixing piece S2 can be tested.

Also, while performing such a test,
Even if a recess is formed in the rotating body S1 and the fixed piece S2, the fixed piece S2 is always horizontally held by the two leaf springs 33 being similarly deformed. The portion in contact with the fixing piece S2 is constant.

Further, when a test is performed using another sample as the rotating body S1 and the fixed piece S2, even if the test load (the weight of the first weight 44) is changed, the fixed piece S2 is two sheets. Since the leaf spring 33 is always kept horizontal by being similarly deformed, the test can always be performed under the same conditions.

Further, a fulcrum (ball bearing 72) on the arm 30 in a state where no test load is applied.
Can be secured by shifting the position of the second weight 35, so that even if the weight of the fixed piece S2 changes the mounting position, such a change shifts the position of the second weight 35. Can be offset by Therefore, the rotating body S1 and the fixed piece S2 can always be brought into contact under the same condition.

When the thickness of the rotating body S1 changes, the height adjusting mechanism 77 installed at the lower part of the arm support unit 7 is adjusted so that the fixed piece S2 comes into contact with the rotating body S1 in a horizontal state. Adjust to

Further, since the arm 30 is supported by the ball bearing 71, the arm 30 can rotate around the axis. However, since the arm 30 has a pair of balancers 40, even if the arm 30 tries to rotate around the axis. , Always keep a constant posture. Accordingly, the fixed piece S2 is rotated during the test.
There is no inclination to one.

In the above embodiment, both the rotating body S1 and the fixed piece S2 are treated as test pieces. However, when the wear resistance of only the rotating body S1 or only the fixed piece S2 is tested, the wear test of this embodiment is performed. The device 1 may be used.

[0032]

As described above, in the friction test apparatus of the present invention, after the side surface of the fixed piece is brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body with an appropriate force, the rotating body is rotated at high speed around the axis. The outer peripheral surface of the rotating body and the side surface of the fixed piece are scraped by friction between these members to form a concave portion. Therefore, the depth dimension and width dimension of the concave portion are measured, and
By observing the inside of the recess with an electron microscope or the like, it is possible to test the resistance of the materials used for the rotating body and the fixed piece to wear. Here, since the weight balance of the arm in a state where no test load is applied can be secured by shifting the position of the second weight, even if the weight of the fixing piece or the mounting position is changed, such a change is caused by the second change. It can be offset by shifting the position of the weight. Therefore, the target test load (the weight of the first weight) can always be applied to the fixed piece, so that the rotating body and the fixed piece are brought into contact with each other with a relatively simple configuration. Abrasion test can be performed stably.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration of a main part in a friction test apparatus to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a wear test device to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 3 is a side view of a rotating body held by a rotating body driving mechanism of the wear test device shown in FIG. 2 and surroundings thereof.

FIG. 4 is a side view showing a configuration of a fixing piece holding mechanism for holding a side of the fixing piece in the wear test device shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a balancer for an arm in the wear test device shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a lock mechanism for an arm in the wear test device shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is a side view showing a configuration of a fixed piece holding mechanism for holding a fixed piece side in a wear test device according to a comparative example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wear test apparatus 2 Rotating body drive mechanism 3 Fixed piece holding mechanism 7 Arm support unit 23 Spindle drive motor 25 Spindle unit 26 Spindle 28 Collet chuck 30 Arm 33 Leaf spring 35 Second weight 38 Lever 40 Balancer 41 Pulley 44 First Weight (test load) 60 Lubricating oil supply unit 71 Ball bearing 72 Ball bearing (fulcrum) 75 Lock table S1 Cylindrical or round rod-shaped rotating body S2 Fixed piece

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A rotating body driving mechanism for rotating a cylindrical or round rod-shaped rotating body around an axis, and a side surface of a fixed piece with respect to an outer peripheral surface of the rotating body held by the rotating body driving mechanism. A fixed piece holding means for abutting at right angles to the axis of the rotating body, and a wear test device for testing the degree of wear of either the side surface of the fixed piece or the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body. The fixing piece holding means is an arm whose both ends are swingably supported by a fulcrum in a state where the fixing piece is held on the distal end side, and the base end side of the arm is lifted up to raise the side surface of the fixing piece. A first weight as a test load to be brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the rotating body, and a weight on both ends of the arm sandwiching the fulcrum, to apply a predetermined test load to the fixed piece, and The second placed at the predetermined position of Wear test apparatus characterized by and a weight. 2. The wear test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the arm has a pair of right and left balancers extending obliquely downward from the arm and restricting rotation of the arm about an axis. 3. The wear test device according to claim 1, wherein the arm has a pair of leaf spring portions, two upper and lower portions of which are arranged substantially in parallel on a tip side of the fulcrum.