JP2000181553A - Power source circuit using capacitor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a power source circuit with which the withstand voltage of an electric double layer capacitor is increased and a large charging/ discharging current is provided only by adding a simple electric circuit without increasing the number of capacitors. SOLUTION: Concerning the power source circuit using the electric double layer capacitor provided with an electric double layer capacitor 10, a chargeable battery 58 and a switching means for separately charging the electric double layer capacitor 10 and the battery 58 and discharging the electric double layer capacitor 10 and battery 58 while serially connecting them, the main part for charging/discharging is the electric double layer capacitor 10 a large charging/ discharging current can be provided, the battery 58 performs a role of voltage support and just about 1/100 ability thereof is used so that the service life can be prolonged.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power supply circuit using a capacitor capable of increasing a withstand voltage of an electric double layer capacitor by adding a simple electric circuit and obtaining a large current output.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An electric conductor, which is an electrolytic solution, acts as an insulator below a decomposition voltage. The electric double layer capacitor 10 utilizes this phenomenon. This electric double layer capacitor 10 is, specifically, a polarizable plus electrode 13 in which activated carbon is applied to an aluminum foil, a separator 15 impregnated with an electrolytic solution, and a polarizable minus electrode similar to the polarizable plus electrode 13 in FIG. 14. Further, the same separator 15 as described above is sequentially superimposed and wound in a cylindrical shape, and this is housed in a cylindrical aluminum container 12 together with a sealing rubber 17, and lead wires 18 and 19 connected to the electrodes 13 and 14, respectively.
Is derived from the lower end. The overall shape may be other than cylindrical.

[0003] The electric double layer capacitor 10 has such advantages that a large-capacity capacitor can be made compact, that it can be charged in a short time, and that its life can be extremely extended. However, there are also problems such as low withstand voltage of 2V or 3V and high cost.

[0004]

In order to double the withstand voltage, as shown in FIG. 6 (a), two electric double layer capacitors 10 of the same rating are connected in series between terminals A and B. The circuit 11 may be used. However, this reduces the capacity by half. The same applies when the withstand voltage is increased by n times.

In order to ensure that the withstand voltage is doubled and the capacity remains unchanged, first, as shown in FIG. 6B, a series circuit 11 in which two electric double layer capacitors 10 are connected in series
Then, these two series circuits 11 may be connected in parallel between the terminals A and B. However, in this case, four expensive electric double layer capacitors 10 must be used. In order to further increase the withstand voltage, there has been a problem that the number of the electric double layer capacitors 10 increases more and more.

The present applicant has already proposed a circuit shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 as a circuit to which a constant voltage circuit 20 is added to improve these. FIG. 4 shows a constant voltage circuit 20.
As an example, an example including a transistor 31, a resistor 26 and a two-terminal Zener diode 29 is shown, and the electric double layer capacitor 10 is inserted between the output terminal 24 and the common terminal 25. In such a configuration, when the input voltage Vi is applied to the input terminal 23, the transistor 31 is turned on, and a large current flows through the electric double layer capacitor 10 to charge the electric double layer capacitor 10. At this time, the voltage Vo applied to the electric double layer capacitor 10 is as follows: Vo = Vz (Zener voltage) -Vbe. Here, by properly selecting the two-terminal Zener diode 29, even if the input voltage Vi is equal to or higher than the withstand voltage of the electric double layer capacitor 10, the voltage applied to the electric double layer capacitor 10 can be adjusted. 29 suppresses the breakdown voltage to below. Input terminal 23
When the input voltage from is lost or decreased, the electric double layer capacitor 10 is discharged to the output terminal 24 side. In such a circuit, when the charging current is increased, the transistor is only connected in a Darlington connection, and a large current cannot be obtained.

The voltage applied to the electric double layer capacitor 10 in FIG. 4 is selected according to the rating of the two-terminal Zener diode 29. FIG. 2 shows an example of a so-called shunt regulator using a three-terminal Zener diode 30 having a reference terminal. An electric double layer capacitor 10 is connected between a reference terminal and an anode terminal of the three-terminal Zener diode 30. This three-terminal Zener diode 3
The constant voltage circuit 20 using 0 can be freely set so that the output voltage Vo does not exceed the withstand voltage of the electric double layer capacitor 10, but still cannot obtain a large charging current.

An object of the present invention is to provide a power supply circuit capable of increasing the withstand voltage of an electric double layer capacitor and obtaining a large charge / discharge current by simply adding a simple electric circuit without increasing the number of capacitors. It is the purpose.

[0009]

According to the present invention, a capacitor 1 is provided.
0, a rechargeable battery 58, and switching means for performing the charging separately with the capacitor 10 and the battery 58 and performing the discharging by connecting the capacitor 10 and the battery 58 in series. A power supply circuit using a capacitor.

With such a configuration, the withstand voltage of the electric double layer capacitor 10 can be increased, and
The output voltage can be increased and a large current can flow with the help of the above. That is, the main body of charging and discharging is the electric double layer capacitor 10, and the battery 58 uses only about 1/100 of its capacity in the role of assisting the voltage, so that the life can be extended.

[0011]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 3, a power factor improving capacitor 67, a full-wave rectifier circuit 69, and a smoothing electrolytic capacitor 68 from a commercial AC power source 70 are coupled to an input terminal 23 on the input side of a power supply circuit 9 using a capacitor according to the present invention. The load 71 is coupled to the output terminal 24 and the common terminal 25 on the output side. In FIG. 3, in a so-called capacitor input type power supply in which a smoothing electrolytic capacitor 68 is coupled immediately after a full-wave rectifier circuit 69, an input current to the capacitor 68 with respect to a sine wave input voltage waveform is Since the current flows only when the voltage of the capacitor 68 decreases, the waveform has a narrow conduction angle, and the power factor deteriorates. Therefore, the power factor improving capacitor 6 is connected in series with the commercial AC power supply 70.
By inserting the power supply 7, the electric charge accumulated in the power factor improving capacitor 67 is supplied to the output side every time the commercial AC power supply 70 is inverted, and a power supply circuit with an improved power factor is obtained.

The details of the power supply circuit 9 using the capacitor according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. Between the input terminal 23 and the common terminal 25, a fuse 16 for preventing a current of more than the maximum value from flowing and a normal switch of the first switching contact 27a.
Open (NO) contact, 1 to 5 series diodes 47 for driving voltage of first and second relay coils 21 and 22 described later, electric double layer capacitor 1 used as power supply
0, normal closing of the first switching contact 27b (N
C) A contact and a plurality of batteries 58 are sequentially connected in series. As the battery 58, a rechargeable battery having no memory effect, such as a lithium battery, an alkaline battery, or a lead battery, that is, a rechargeable battery which does not cause any inconvenience in charging even if there is a residual voltage is used.

As described above, in the present invention, the electric double layer capacitor 10 and the battery 58 are connected in series via the first switching contact 27b. This is because the electric double layer capacitor 10 is a charging / discharging action using a dielectric material, and the repetition life of charging / discharging is semi-permanent, whereas the battery 5
Reference numeral 8 denotes a charge / discharge action by utilizing a chemical reaction, and the charge / discharge cycle life is short. However, the charge capacity of the battery 58 is several tens to 100 times or more that of the electric double layer capacitor 10. This is because the electric double layer capacitor 10 and the battery 58 are used separately during charging and connected in series during discharging in order to utilize the characteristics. This is the basic principle of the present invention. In addition, a diode 73 for preventing a reverse current to the electric double layer capacitor 10 is connected in parallel with the electric double layer capacitor 10.

On the output side of the fuse 16, a constant current first switching section driving section 62, a first switching section 63, and a constant current second switching section 63 are connected.
The switching section driving section 65 and the second switching section 66 are connected, and the charging section 60 and the charging / discharging voltage detecting section 61 are sequentially connected to the NC contact of the first switching contact 27a via the constant voltage power supply section 59, A connection point between the cathode of the diode 47 and the electric double layer capacitor 10 is connected to a charge / discharge switching unit 64 via an FET 74 and the output terminal 24. The gate of this FET 74 is connected to a resistor 75
And to the common terminal 25 via a resistor 76.

The first switching section 63 includes a first relay coil 21, a first switching contact 27a, a first switching contact 27
b, comprising a capacitor 32 for preventing chattering and a diode 34a. As the first switching unit 63, a relay having mechanical contacts is used to prevent heat generation. However, a solid state relay such as a triac, which is a semiconductor element and generates little heat, can be used. The constant voltage power supply unit 59 includes a regulator 49 for obtaining a stabilized voltage of, for example, 5 V, a smoothing capacitor 50, and a capacitor 51. The charging unit 60 includes a constant current transistor 43 for limiting a current flowing to the battery 58, a constant current detection transistor 44, and the transistor 4
3, a base current supply resistor 52, and a base-emitter resistor 53 of the constant current detection transistor 44. The resistance 53 is Vbe (base-emitter voltage) / Io (current limiting value) of the transistor 44. ) A resistance value that can be determined. For example, if there is a voltage drop of 0.7 V, the transistor 44 performs a switching operation corresponding to Io. As a result, a charging current of Io + Ib (base current of the transistor 43) flows through the battery 58. Also,
A diode 72 for preventing discharge of the battery 58 is connected between the emitter of the transistor 44 and the plus side of the battery 58.

The charge / discharge voltage detector 61 comprises a voltage dividing resistor 54 and a voltage dividing resistor 55, and a three-terminal Zener diode 45 which is turned on when the divided voltage exceeds a predetermined value. The constant current first switching section driving section 62 includes a constant current diode 35, a photocoupler 39, and a second switching contact 28.
b, a constant current diode 36, a diode 48, and a transistor 41. The second switching unit 66 includes a second relay coil 22, a second switching contact 28a, a second switching contact 28b, a chattering preventing capacitor 33, and a diode 34b. As with the first switching unit 63, a mechanical contact relay or a solid state relay can be used for the second switching unit 66. The charging / discharging switching section 64 includes a second switching contact 28a, a voltage dividing resistor 56, a resistor 57, and a three-terminal Zener diode 46 that is turned on when the divided voltage exceeds a predetermined value. The constant current second switching section driving section 65 includes a constant current diode 37, a photocoupler 40, and a constant current diode 3.
8. It comprises a transistor 42.

The operation of the above configuration will be described with reference to the waveform diagram of FIG. (1) Charging of Battery 58 At time t1 in FIG.
A DC voltage Vi of 30 V is applied. The current is, for example, from several tens A as the maximum value to 0.3 A as the minimum value for driving the first relay coil 21 and the second relay coil 22 and charging the electric double layer capacitor 10 and the battery 58.
Up to a degree is supplied.

A DC voltage Vi is applied to the FET 74 from the input terminal 23 via the fuse 16, and a voltage of, for example, 5 V is obtained by the regulator 49 of the constant voltage power supply 59 through the NC contact of the first switching contact 27a. , And smoothed by the capacitor 51 and applied to the charging unit 60. When a base current is supplied to the transistor 43 of the charging unit 60 via the resistor 52, the transistor 43
Is turned on, and the resistor 5
Current flows through 3. When the voltage drop exceeds a bias voltage (for example, 0.7 V), the transistor 44 is turned on as shown in FIG. 2B, and a charging current flows to the battery 58 and the common terminal 25 via the diode 72. Charging of the battery 58 is started as in 2 (j). The charging current value I _{2 at} this time is I ₂ = Io (current limiting value of transistor 44) + I
b (base current value of the transistor 43).

The battery 58, whose initial charging voltage value was 0 V, was gradually charged, and at time t2 in FIG.
It is assumed that a set value, for example, 3V has been reached. This voltage is divided by the resistor 54 and the resistor 55 of the charge / discharge voltage detector 61, and a voltage of 2.5 V across the resistor 55 is applied between the gate (reference terminal) of the three-terminal Zener diode 45 and the anode. The three-terminal Zener diode 45 is turned on as shown in FIG. When the three-terminal Zener diode 45 is turned on, the constant current first switching section driving section 6
The second photocoupler 39 is turned on by the constant current supplied via the constant current diode 35. This photo coupler 3
9 turns on, the transistor 41 becomes the diode 4
8. A base current flows through the constant current diode 36 to turn on. When the transistor 41 is turned on, a current flows through the first relay coil 21 of the first switching unit 63 via the NC contact of the second switching contact 28b, and excites the first relay coil 21. Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 2E and 2F, the first switching contact 27a and the first switching contact 27b
Respectively switch to NO contacts. First switching contact 27
When a is switched to the NO contact, no current flows through the diode 48 from the constant voltage power supply unit 59 to the transistor 41, but the first relay coil 21 and the second switching contact 28
The first relay coil 21 continues to be energized by the current from “b”. The first relay coil 21
Is performed after charging the capacitor 32, chattering is prevented, and the first switching contact 2
7a and the first switching contact 27b are respectively switched to NO contacts.

(2) Charging of the electric double layer capacitor 10 When the first switching contact 27a and the first switching contact 27b are respectively switched to NO contacts, the input terminal 23, the NO contact of the first switching contact 27a, the diode 47, and the The circuit of the double layer capacitor 10, the NO contact of the first switching contact 27b, and the common terminal 25 is formed, and the electric double layer capacitor 10 starts charging as shown in FIG. 2 (k). Since several tens of amperes can flow through the electric double layer capacitor 10, it is rapidly charged to a predetermined voltage, for example, 2.5V. At this time, the current value flowing through the NO contact of the first switching contact 27a and the NO contact of the first switching contact 27b is, of course, set within an allowable range. Since the diodes 47 are inserted in series in the electric double layer capacitor 10, a threshold voltage equal to the number of the diodes 47, for example, 5 × 0.7 V = 3.5 V in the case of five diodes 47. Occurs
The sum of this voltage and the charging voltage of the electric double layer capacitor 10 is applied as a drive voltage for the first relay coil 21 and the second relay coil 22. This means that while the electric double layer capacitor 10 is being charged, the impedance is small, so that the voltages applied to the first relay coil 21 and the second relay coil 22 are also small, but the diode 47 prevents this.

When the voltage of the electric double layer capacitor 10 is
At time t3 of (k), when the voltage reaches 2.5 V, this 2.5 V
74 is ON, N of the second switching contact 28a
It is applied to the gate (reference terminal) of the three-terminal Zener diode 46 via the C contact, and as shown in FIG.
6 turns on, and a constant current flows through the constant current diode 37 to the photocoupler 40 of the constant current second switching section drive section 65 to turn on. Therefore, the second relay coil 22 of the second switching unit 66, the constant current diode 38, the photocoupler 40
, A base current flows through the transistor 42 to turn on, and the second relay coil 22 is excited. Since the excitation of the second relay coil 22 is performed after the capacitor 33 is charged first, a stable operation without chattering is performed. By the excitation of the second relay coil 22, FIG.
(H) As shown in (i), the second switching contact 28a and the second switching contact 28b are respectively switched to NO contacts. That is, the second switching contact 28b is turned off when the electric double layer capacitor 10 is charged. When the second switching contact 28b is switched to the NO contact, the first relay coil 21 is demagnetized, and the first switching contact 27a, the first switching coil 27a, as shown in FIGS.
The switching contact 27b returns to the NC contact, and the electric double layer capacitor 10 and the battery 58 are connected to the NC of the first switching contact 27b.
They are connected in series via contacts.

Thus, the electric double layer capacitor 1
When the charging voltage of 0 reaches 2.5V, 2.5V of the electric double layer capacitor 10 + 3V = 5.5V of the battery 58 is calculated as shown in FIG.
As shown in (l), it is supplied to the load 71 via the output terminal 24. At the same time, the 5.5 V is applied to the resistor 56 and the resistor 57 via the FET 74, divided and applied to the gate (reference terminal) of the three-terminal Zener diode 46, and the three-terminal Zener diode 46 is still turned on. .

(3) Discharge to load 71 2.5V of electric double layer capacitor 10 + 3V of battery 58
= 5.5V charge is applied to a load 7 such as a DC-DC converter.
1, the charge stored in the electric double layer capacitor 10 is first released, and the voltage between both terminals of the electric double layer capacitor 10 is close to 0 V (for example, 0.1 V) at t4 in FIG. ), And at the same time, the voltage of the battery 58 becomes 3 V or less, for example, 2.9 V. The total 3 V is divided by the resistors 56 and 57 and 2.5 V is applied to the gate (reference terminal) of the three-terminal Zener diode 46. .

When the discharge is further continued to the load 71, the resistance 56
And the voltage divided by the resistor 57 becomes 2.5 V or less,
As shown in FIG. 2 (g), the three-terminal Zener diode 46 is turned off, the second relay coil 22 of the second switching unit 66 is demagnetized, and the second switching contact is made as shown in FIG. 2 (h) (i). 2
8a and the second switching contact 28b return to the NC contact, respectively, and the electric charge from the battery 58 is transferred to the load 71 via the output terminal 24.
Supplied to That is, when the second switching contact 28b returns (turns on) to the NC contact, the electric double layer capacitor 10
Prepare for charging.

As described above, when the charge from the battery 58 is supplied to the load 71 via the output terminal 24, the battery 58 consumes energy at t4 in FIG.
When the potential drops, the first switching contacts 27a, 27b and the second
The switching contacts 28a and 28b both return to the NC contacts,
As in the case of the first t1 to t2, the current from the diode 48 stops flowing, the transistors 43 and 44 of the charging unit 60 are turned on, and the battery 58 starts charging.
At time t5 (same as time t2) in FIG.
Is completed, the three-terminal Zener diode 45 is turned on, the first relay coil 21 is excited, the first switching contact 27a and the first switching contact 27b are respectively switched to NO contacts, and the discharged electric power is discharged. When charging of the multilayer capacitor 10 is started and the charging is completed, the state returns to the above-described state, and the same operation is repeated thereafter. T in FIG. 2 (a)
At 6 o'clock, when the input Vi disappears, the FET 74 is turned off, and the charge of the electric double layer capacitor 10 and the battery 58 is output as the output Vo, but the second switching contact 28a
To avoid wasteful consumption.

Here, the relationship between the electric double layer capacitor 10 and the charge / discharge energy of the battery 58 will be described.
Is several tens to 100 times or more larger than the electric double layer capacitor 10. For example, assuming that the electric double layer capacitor 10 is 100 times larger, after the electric double layer capacitor 10 is completely discharged, the same energy as that of the electric double layer capacitor 10 is released from the battery 58. Sometimes, only the capacity of the electric double layer capacitor 10 works, and the operation of the battery 58 is only 1/100 which is equivalent to the electric double layer capacitor 10, and the life of the battery 58 is significantly extended. It will be. Since the charge and discharge life of the electric double layer capacitor 10 is semi-permanent, 100% full operation is possible.

As described above, according to the present invention, the withstand voltage of the electric double layer capacitor 10 can be increased, the output voltage can be increased with the assistance of the battery 58, and a large current can flow. That is, charging and discharging are mainly performed by the electric double layer capacitor 10.
The battery 58 is one of its capabilities in the role of a voltage assist.
Only about one-hundredth is used, thus extending the life. Incidentally, an alkaline rechargeable battery having no memory effect has a remarkably short life when used repeatedly from full charge to full discharge, but has a long life when recharged and recharged. As described above, the characteristics of the electric double layer capacitor 10 and the battery 58 are maximized.

In the above embodiment, two batteries 58 are connected in series. However, the present invention is not limited to this. When increasing the output voltage, a number of batteries having a target voltage value may be connected in series. To increase the discharge current capacity, a plurality of discharge currents may be connected in parallel. Further, when increasing the output voltage and increasing the discharge capacity, a combination of series and parallel can be used.

In the above embodiment, the electric double layer capacitor 1
Although the number of 0s is one, the number is not limited to this, and when increasing the load current, a plurality of 0s can be connected in parallel. However, the battery 5 of the electric double layer capacitor 10
When it is desired to increase the voltage ratio with respect to 8, the electric double layer capacitor 10 can be connected in series.

[0030]

The present invention relates to an electric double layer capacitor 10
A rechargeable battery 58; and switching means for performing charging by separately performing the electric double layer capacitor 10 and the battery 58, and performing discharging by connecting the electric double layer capacitor 10 and the battery 58 in series. Therefore, the withstand voltage of the electric double layer capacitor 10 can be increased, the output voltage can be increased with the assistance of the battery 58, and a large current can flow. That is, the main body of charging and discharging is the electric double layer capacitor 10, and the battery 58 uses only about 1/100 of its capacity in the role of assisting the voltage.
Life can be extended.

The electric double layer capacitor 10 is used as the electric double layer capacitor 10 and the battery 58 is
(Although various batteries can be used.) If an alkaline rechargeable battery having no memory effect is used, the electric double layer capacitor 10 can be used.
Is a charge / discharge action using a dielectric substance, and the charge / discharge repetition life is semi-permanent, whereas the battery 58 is a charge / discharge action using a chemical reaction, and the charge / discharge repetition life is short. Conversely, each characteristic that the charging capacity of the battery 58 is several tens to 100 times or more of the electric double layer capacitor 10 is brought out to the maximum.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an electric circuit diagram showing an embodiment of a power supply circuit using a capacitor according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an operation waveform diagram of each unit in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of an input power supply portion that makes effective use of reactive power in a power supply circuit using a capacitor according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an electric circuit diagram in which a constant voltage circuit 20 including a transistor 31, a resistor 26, and a two-terminal Zener diode 29 is added to the circuit previously proposed by the present applicant.

FIG. 5 is an electric circuit diagram showing another circuit previously proposed by the present applicant, to which a constant voltage circuit 20 including a transistor 31, a resistor 26 and a three-terminal Zener diode 30 is added.

FIG. 6 shows an example of a circuit for increasing the withstand voltage of the electric double layer capacitor 10; FIG. 6A shows an example of a series circuit 11 in which two electric double layer capacitors 10 of the same rating are connected in series;
(B) shows an example in which two series circuits 11 in which two electric double layer capacitors 10 are connected in series are formed, and these are connected in parallel.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing an example of a general electric double layer capacitor 10.

[Explanation of symbols]

9 power supply circuit using a capacitor, 10 electric double layer capacitor, 11 series circuit, 12 cylindrical aluminum container, 13 polarizable positive electrode, 14 polarizable negative electrode, 15 separator, 16 fuse, 17 ... sealing rubber, 18 ... lead wire, 19 ... lead wire, 20 ... constant voltage circuit, 21 ... first relay coil, 22 ... second relay coil, 23 ... input terminal, 24 ... output terminal, 25 ... common terminal, 26: resistor, 27a: first switching contact a, 27b ...
First switching contacts b, 28a... Second switching contacts a, 28b
.. Second switching contact 28b, 29 two-terminal Zener diode, 30 three-terminal Zener diode, 31 transistor, 32 capacitor, 33 capacitor, 34a
... Diodes a and 34b Diodes b and 35 Constant current diodes, 36 Constant current diodes, 37 Constant current diodes, 38 Constant current diodes, 39 Photocouplers, 40 Photocouplers, 41 Transistors, 42
Transistor, 43 ... transistor, 44 ... transistor, 45 ... 3 terminal Zener diode, 46 ... 3 terminal Zener diode, 47 ... diode, 48 ... diode, 49 ... regulator, 50 ... capacitor, 51 ... capacitor, 52 ... resistor, 53 ... Resistance, 54 ... resistance, 55
... resistance, 56 ... resistance, 57 ... resistance, 58 ... battery, 59 ...
Constant voltage power supply section, 60 charging section, 61 charging / discharging voltage detecting section, 62 constant current first switching section drive section, 63 first switching section, 64 charging / discharging switching section, 65 constant current second switching section. Unit drive unit, 66 ... second switching unit, 67 ... condenser, 6
8 Smoothing capacitor, 69 Full-wave rectifier circuit, 70 Commercial AC power supply, 71 Load, 72 Diode, 73 Diode, 74 FET, 75 Resistor, 76 Resistor.

Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat II (Reference) H02J 9/06 505 H01G 9/00 301Z F-term (Reference) 5G003 AA01 BA05 CA02 DA07 5G015 FA08 GB02 HA13 JA05 JA06 JA07 JA34 JA35 JA37 JA53 JA55 JA57 JA61 5H430 BB01 BB09 BB11 BB12 EE02 EE08 EE12 EE17 FF04 FF08 FF13 GG08 HH03 JJ07 LA07

Claims (20)

[Claims] 1. A capacitor 10 and a rechargeable battery 58
And charging means for separately performing the capacitor 10 and the battery 58, and discharging means for switching the capacitor 10 and the battery 58 by connecting them in series. Power supply circuit used. 2. The power supply circuit using a capacitor according to claim 1, wherein the capacitor is an electric double layer capacitor. 3. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, wherein the battery 58 is a battery having no memory effect. 4. A first switching contact 27a between the input terminal 23 and the common terminal 25,
0, the first switching contact 27b and the battery 58 are inserted in series,
The output terminal 24 is led out from the plus side of the electric double layer capacitor 10, and a charging unit 60, a charging / discharging voltage detecting unit 61, a constant current first switching unit driving unit 62 and a first
A switching unit 63 is connected, and the first switching unit 63 controls switching between the first switching contact 27a and the first switching contact 27b, and connects the electric double layer capacitor 10 with a charge / discharge switching unit 64, a constant current 2 switching section driving section 65 and a second switching section 66 are connected, and the second switching section 66 switches between the first switching section 63 and the constant current first switching section driving section 62 and the electric double layer capacitor 10. Charge / discharge switching unit 64
A power supply circuit using a capacitor, characterized by controlling switching of the power supply. 5. A power supply circuit using a capacitor according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of electric double layer capacitors 10 are connected in series and / or in parallel. 6. The power supply circuit according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of batteries 58 are connected in series and / or in parallel. 7. One or more diodes 47 for adjusting the withstand voltage of the electric double layer capacitor 10 are inserted between the first switching contact 27a and the electric double layer capacitor 10. Item 7. A power supply circuit using the capacitor according to Item 4. 8. A capacitor according to claim 4, wherein a constant voltage power supply unit 59 is inserted before the charging unit 60 and the constant current first switching unit driving unit 62 to stabilize the operation. Power supply circuit used. 9. The charging section 60 includes a constant current transistor 43 for limiting a current flowing to the battery 58, a constant current detection transistor 44, a base current supply resistor 52 of the transistor 43, and the transistor 43. 5. A power supply circuit using a capacitor according to claim 4, comprising 44 base-emitter resistors 53. 10. A charge / discharge voltage detector 61 includes resistors 54 and 55 for dividing a charging voltage of a battery 58, and a three-terminal Zener diode 45 that is turned on when the divided detection voltage value becomes equal to or greater than a predetermined value. 5. A power supply circuit using a capacitor according to claim 4, wherein: 11. A constant current first switching section drive section 62 includes a photocoupler 39 that is turned on when a three-terminal Zener diode 45 in a charge / discharge voltage detection section 61 is turned on, and a transistor 41 that is turned on when the photocoupler 39 is turned on.
When the electric double layer capacitor 10 is discharged,
The power supply circuit using a capacitor according to claim 4, further comprising a second switching contact (28b) that is turned off during charging. 12. A constant current first switching section driving section 62 includes a photocoupler 39 that is turned on by turning on a three-terminal Zener diode 45 in a charge / discharge voltage detection section 61, and a constant current that supplies a constant current to the photocoupler 39. Diode 3
5, a transistor 41 which is turned on when the photocoupler 39 is turned on, and a second switching contact 28b which is turned on when the electric double layer capacitor 10 is discharged and turned off when charging.
The power supply circuit using a capacitor according to claim 4, further comprising: a constant current diode (36) for supplying a constant current to a base of the transistor (41). 13. The first switching section 63 includes a first relay coil 21, a capacitor 32, and a diode 34a connected in parallel with each other. When the first relay coil 21 is excited, the first switching contact 27a and the first switching contact 27a are connected to each other. Switching contact 27
5. A power supply circuit using a capacitor according to claim 4, wherein the opening and closing of b is controlled. 14. A charge / discharge switching unit 64 includes: voltage dividing resistors 56 and 57; a three-terminal Zener diode 46 which is turned on when a detected voltage value of the electric double layer capacitor 10 becomes a predetermined value or more; When the electric double layer capacitor 10 is charged, the plus side of the electric double layer capacitor 10 is directly connected to the gate of the three-terminal Zener diode 46, and the second switching contact 28a switches to the voltage dividing resistors 56 and 57 when the electric double layer capacitor 10 is discharged. A power supply circuit using the capacitor according to claim 4. 15. The constant current second switching section driving section 65 includes a photocoupler 40 that is turned on when the three-terminal Zener diode 46 in the charge / discharge voltage detection section 64 is turned on, and a transistor 42 that is turned on when the photocoupler 40 is turned on.
A power supply circuit using the capacitor according to claim 4, comprising: 16. A constant current second switching section driving section 65 includes a photocoupler 40 that is turned on by turning on a three-terminal Zener diode 46 in a charge / discharge voltage detection section 64, and a constant current that supplies a constant current to the photocoupler 40. Diode 3
7. A capacitor according to claim 4, further comprising a transistor, a transistor turned on when the photocoupler is turned on, and a constant current diode for supplying a constant current to the base of the transistor. Power circuit. 17. The second switching section 66 includes a second relay coil 22, a capacitor 33, and a diode 34b connected in parallel to each other. When the second relay coil 22 is excited, the second switching contact 28a Switching contact 28
5. A power supply circuit using a capacitor according to claim 4, wherein the opening and closing of b is controlled. 18. A constant voltage power supply unit 59 includes a regulator 49 for obtaining a stabilized voltage, a smoothing capacitor 50,
A power supply circuit using a capacitor according to claim 4, comprising: 19. A power supply circuit using a capacitor according to claim 4, wherein a fuse is inserted between the input terminal and the common terminal to prevent a current from flowing beyond a maximum current value. . 20. A commercial AC power supply 70 supplies a capacitor 6 to an input terminal 23 on the input side of a power supply circuit using a capacitor.
7. Combine the full-wave rectifier circuit 69 and the smoothing capacitor 68,
5. The power supply circuit using a capacitor according to claim 4, wherein a load 71 is connected to the output terminal 24 and the common terminal 25 on the output side.