JP2000171236A - Lateral deformation measuring instrument for large- sized structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an instrument which has a simple constitution and can easily measure the lateral deformation of the laterally deformed section of a large-sized structure with accuracy. SOLUTION: A standard bar-like material 10 provided with a target 15 is put between fixed points (side walls 1a and 1b) on both sides of the laterally deformed section (transverse bulkhead) of a large-sized structure (hull 1). The bad-like material 10 is supported by the deformed section by prescribed positions in the longitudinal direction of the material 10 through sliders 12 which can slide in the deformed direction of the deformed section and a displacement gauge 16 which can measure the relative distance to the target 15 is fixed to the deformed section.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a large sized bulkhead having a laterally deformable portion which can be deformed in a lateral direction, such as a horizontal bulkhead in a ship or a bridge girder placed between piers of a bridge. The present invention relates to a lateral deformation measuring device for a structure.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a ship, for example, a container ship as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a horizontal bulkhead 2 is provided at a required longitudinal position of a hull 1 (large structure) having a substantially U-shaped cross section. A container storage room 4 for storing the containers 3 is formed, and each container storage room 4 is provided with a container guide 5 for guiding the plurality of containers 3 and stacking and storing them in a plurality of stages. A hatch cover 7 is provided on a hatch 6 which is an upper opening of the container storage chamber 4 which is partitioned by the inside of the left and right side walls 1a and 1b of the hull 1 and the horizontal bulkhead 2. For example, it does not enter the container storage room 4.

The hull 1 has, for example, a double structure as shown in FIG. 4 and has a high strength by connecting the inner and outer plates with a girder plate. Is not installed. On the other hand, the horizontal bulkhead 2 partitioning the hull 1 in the longitudinal direction has a weaker strength than the hull 1 and the container guide 5 is entirely formed of the horizontal bulkhead 2.
Supported by Therefore, the hull 1
When the container is shaken, the load in the front-rear direction of the container 3 is all
The horizontal bulkhead 2 is bent and deformed in the front-rear direction in the horizontal direction, that is, in the longitudinal direction of the ship (referred to as a lateral direction) (indicated by a broken line in FIG. 3).

If the amount of lateral deformation of the lateral bulkhead 2 becomes large, problems such as damage to the sealing device between the hatch 6 and the hatch cover 7 of the hull 1 will occur. It is necessary to measure and know the amount of deformation in advance and to design a sealing device that can hold the seal based on the amount of deformation.

FIG. 5 shows an example of a bridge 17 as a large-sized structure. A bridge girder 9 is placed between piers 8 provided at required intervals. Since the bridge girder 9 has a structure in which both ends are supported by the piers 8, 8, the intermediate portion is bent downward by its own weight, but also swings and deforms in the horizontal direction due to the influence of wind and the like.

[0006] Such lateral deformation of the bridge girder 9 needs to be measured and known in advance in order to maintain the strength of the bridge 17 and to ensure safety. Data on the amount of deformation of the bridge girder 9 is required.

Conventionally, when measuring the lateral deformation of a laterally deformed portion such as the lateral bulkhead 2 of a ship or the bridge girder 9 of a bridge, a contact type displacement meter such as a dial gauge or a potentiometer is used. Or a non-contact displacement meter using digital transit or laser light.

[0008]

However, in the conventional method using a contact type displacement meter such as a dial gauge or a potentiometer, the displacement of the laterally deforming portion causes "the foot itself to move" and thus the displacement to the laterally deforming portion. A gauge cannot be provided, and the displacement gauge must be provided on a fixed part that does not deform. That is, in order to measure the deformation of the laterally deformed portion of the large structure, the displacement meter is fixed to the space, and therefore, the structure for fixing the displacement meter is moved from the hull in the case of a ship. In the case of a bridge, it is necessary to provide it overhanging from the ground or a pier, and there is a problem that the structure for supporting this displacement meter becomes very large. I was

In a system using a non-contact type displacement meter using a digital transit or a laser beam, it is necessary to collimate a target, but a distance traveled by the collimated target in a lateral direction is directly measured. However, there is a problem that automatic measurement cannot be performed as it is.

The present invention has been made to solve such a conventional problem, and is capable of easily and accurately measuring the deformation of a laterally deformed portion of a large structure with a simple structure. An object of the present invention is to provide a lateral deformation measuring device for large structures.

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, a reference bar having a target is stretched between fixed points sandwiching a laterally deformed portion of a large structure, and a required longitudinal position of the reference bar is determined. A displacement meter that supports the lateral deformation portion via a slider that can slide in the deformation direction of the lateral deformation portion and measures a relative distance to the target is fixed to the lateral deformation portion. And a lateral deformation measuring device for a large structure.

The displacement meter may be a laser range finder provided facing the surface of the target or an ultrasonic range finder provided facing the surface of the target.

In the above means, the target is fixed to a reference rod-shaped member provided to be stretched between the fixing points, and the weight of the reference rod-shaped member is supported by a laterally deformed portion via a slider to thereby bend the reference rod-shaped member. To secure the reference point of the target and measure the relative distance to the target by a displacement meter fixed to the lateral deformation part, so that the lateral deformation of a large structure can be simplified. Can be measured automatically with high accuracy.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows an embodiment in which the lateral deformation measuring apparatus of the present invention is applied to the measurement of the deformation of a horizontal bulkhead which is a laterally deformable portion of a container ship.

A reference rod-shaped member 10 is provided between left and right side walls 1a and 1b (between fixed points) sandwiching a horizontal bulkhead 2 provided at required longitudinal positions of a hull 1 having a substantially U-shaped cross section shown in FIG. And one end is fixed to the fixing portion 10 ′, and the other end is slidably supported in the axial direction by the slide portion 10 ″. Various materials can be used as the reference rod 10 (FIG. 1). In this case, the shape is cylindrical or pipe)
However, for example, as shown in FIG.
A profile can be used, and this is preferable because the bending strength in the lateral direction can be increased.

On the other hand, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a support bracket 11 extending to the lower side of the reference bar 10 is fixed to a required position of the horizontal partition 2, which is the laterally deformed portion. A slider 12 that is slidable in the deformation direction (lateral direction) of the horizontal partition wall 2 is provided between the slider 12 and the lower surface of the reference bar 10. As shown in FIG. 2, the slider 12 is provided with a bearing between a lower member 13 fixed to the upper surface of the support bracket 11 and an upper member 14 fixed to the lower surface of the reference rod-shaped material 10. The material 10 and the support bracket 11 can be freely moved in the lateral direction with almost no resistance.

A target 15 is fixed to a required position of the reference bar 10. The target 15 is formed of a plate-like member, and is fixed such that the plane of the target 15 is vertical.

Further, a displacement gauge 16 for measuring a relative distance from the target 15 is fixed to a required position of the horizontal partition 2. As a displacement meter, a non-contact type distance meter such as a laser distance meter or an ultrasonic distance meter can be used. The distance of is measured.

The target 15 may be made of any material that can reflect the laser beam or the ultrasonic wave emitted from the displacement meter 16 satisfactorily. Therefore, various materials such as metal and synthetic resin can be used.

A plurality of displacement gauges 16 are provided in the lateral width direction of the horizontal partition 2 and a plurality of targets 15 are fixed to the reference rod 10 in correspondence with each of the displacement gauges 16, whereby Can be measured.

The operation of the above embodiment will be described below.

As shown in FIG. 1, the side walls 1a, 1 of the hull 1
b, the reference rod-shaped material 10 is stretched and provided between the fixed points,
Further, a plate-shaped target 15 is fixed to the reference rod-shaped material 10, and further, a laser rangefinder or an ultrasonic rangefinder configured to project laser light or ultrasonic waves vertically on the surface of the target 15. Is fixed to the horizontal partition 2 which is a horizontal deformation part.

Further, the reference bar 1
A slider 1 slidable in the direction of deformation of the horizontal partition 2 between the upper surface of the support bracket 11 and the lower surface of the reference rod 10
2 is installed.

The reference rod 10 supported by the slider 12 secures a reference line independent of the deformation of the horizontal partition 2 which is a laterally deformed portion, and the target fixed to the reference rod 10. Reference numeral 15 secures a reference point.

In the above state, when the relative distance from the target 15 is measured by the displacement meter 16 fixed to the horizontal partition 2, the horizontal deformation of the horizontal partition 2 can be automatically measured with high accuracy.

If a plurality of the displacement gauges 16 are installed in the width direction of the horizontal partition 2 and a plurality of targets 15 are fixed to the reference bar 10 in correspondence with each of the displacement gauges 16, the horizontal partition 2, the deformation profile in the width direction can be automatically measured.

In the conventional displacement measurement, the deformation of the deformed portion is measured by a displacement meter installed on the fixed member side. Therefore, to measure the deformation of the deformed portion of a large structure, a large space fixing is required. Although a structure is required, as shown in the above-described embodiment, the target 15 is fixed to the reference rod 10 stretched and fixed between the fixing points, and the reference rod 1 is fixed.
By supporting the zero weight on the support bracket 11 provided on the horizontal partition 2 via the slider 12, the reference bar 10 can be prevented from bending and the reference point of the target 15 can be secured. By measuring the relative distance with respect to the target 15 by the displacement gauge 16 fixed to the horizontal bulkhead 2, it is possible to automatically measure the deformation of the large structure in the horizontal direction with a simple configuration and with high accuracy. become able to.

Also in the bridge 17 shown in FIG. 5, the reference bar 10 having the same target 15 as described above is fixed between the piers 8 and the required position of the reference bar 10 in the longitudinal direction is set to the slider 12. When the bridge girder is supported by the bridge girder through the support girder and the support girder, the downward bending due to the weight of the reference bar member can be prevented, and the support can be carried out so as to allow the lateral movement. If the relative distance to the target 15 is measured by using the same displacement gauge 16 as described above, the lateral deformation of the bridge girder 9 as the lateral deformation portion can be automatically and accurately performed as in the case of FIG. Can be measured. When measuring the lateral deformation of the bridge girder 9, the reference rod-shaped material 10 may have a cross-sectional shape that is hardly affected by the crosswind, or the target 15 may have a shape that is hardly affected by the wind. It is preferable to devise it.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited only to the above embodiment, and that the material, shape, etc. of the reference rod-shaped material can be variously changed, and that lateral deformation of various large structures other than ships and bridges can be achieved. That can be applied to the measurement of, and that various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention,
Of course, it is.

[0031]

According to the present invention, the target is fixed to the reference rod-shaped member provided extending between the fixing points, and the weight of the reference rod-shaped member is supported by the laterally deformed portion via the slider. Since the reference point of the target is secured by preventing the bending of the bar-shaped material, and the relative distance to the target is measured by the displacement meter fixed to the lateral deformation portion, the lateral deformation of the large structure is reduced. An excellent effect that accurate measurement can be automatically performed with a simple configuration can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a case where a lateral deformation measuring apparatus for a large structure of the present invention is applied to a container ship.

FIG. 2 is a view taken along line II-II in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing an example of a container ship.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing an example of a container ship.

FIG. 5 is a side view showing an example of a bridge.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hull (large structure) 1a, 1b Side wall (fixed point) 2 Horizontal bulkhead (transversely deformed part) 8 Bridge pier (fixed point) 9 Bridge girder (transversely deformed part) 10 Reference rod material 12 Slider 15 Target 16 Displacement gauge 17 Bridges (large structures)

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A reference bar-shaped member provided with a target is stretched between fixed points sandwiching a laterally deformed portion of a large structure,
A displacement gauge for supporting a required position in the longitudinal direction of the reference rod-shaped member on the lateral deformation portion via a slider slidable in the deformation direction of the lateral deformation portion, and measuring a relative distance to the target. A lateral deformation measuring device for a large structure, which is fixed to a lateral deformation portion. 2. The lateral deformation measuring apparatus for a large structure according to claim 1, wherein the displacement meter is a laser distance meter provided to face the surface of the target. 3. The lateral deformation measuring apparatus for a large structure according to claim 1, wherein the displacement meter is an ultrasonic range finder provided to face the surface of the target.