JP2000167956A - Moisture permeable and waterproof sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the subject sheet sufficiently ensured in nail hole cut-off properties, good in workability of nailing or the like and excellent in moisture permeability and waterproofness. SOLUTION: A laminated sheet wherein a nonwoven fabric and a film are laminated by using an adhesive has moisture permeability of 100 g/m2.24 hr or more and water pressure resistance of 1 kg/cm2 or more and the elongation of the adhesive layer thereof is 300% or more and the elongation of the film layer thereof is 100% or more. In this case, the film layer pref. has a 30% elongation recovery ratio of 50% or more.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a moisture-permeable and waterproof
More particularly, the present invention relates to a moisture-permeable / waterproof sheet having waterproof properties against nail holes, etc.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Sheets used for wall surfaces of general houses and roofing materials are firstly required to have waterproof properties. When the outside temperature difference is large, water vapor is condensed on the room side surfaces of these sheets, and molds are generated.
(Base plate) is corroded, and a waterproof polyolefin-based nonwoven fabric sheet (for example, Tyvek (registered trademark) manufactured by I.I. Dupont Co., Ltd.) having both moisture permeability is developed and has a certain reputation in the market. Obtained. However, when this nonwoven fabric sheet is fixed to the base material with a tacker or a nail, cracks or gaps are formed in the sheet, so that water (for example, rainwater) easily penetrates, and the corrosion and other problems are caused. Could not be resolved enough.

[0003] As a technique for solving the problem of water intrusion due to nail holes or the like, that is, as a technique for securing water stopping property (hereinafter simply referred to as nail hole stopping water) for nail holes or the like, a moisture-permeable / water-resistant resin core is used. A non-woven fabric in which a moisture-impermeable and waterproof rubber layer or an asphalt layer is partially provided (U.S. Patent No. 25224658, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-4075); (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-279054), a moisture-permeable and water-proof sheet having pores perforated in a rubber sheet (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-184242).
And Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-324062).

[0004] However, a partially provided rubber layer,
Since only the asphalt layer has water blocking property, it is necessary to select the part for nailing work, and the workability is poor. Rainwater that has entered through a crack in the nonwoven fabric due to a nail or the like is retained in the superabsorbent polymer layer, but the polymer layer swells in a gel-like manner and retains water, so that the underlying material in contact with it is corroded. However, even if it has moisture permeability, it does not have sufficient water pressure resistance (waterproofness). However, even if it is not possible, the gap created by the nailing or the like cannot be sufficiently filled, and there is a problem that the water stopping property of the nail hole is not sufficiently secured.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention provides a moisture-permeable / water-proof seal which has a sufficient waterproof property for nail holes, does not have the above-mentioned workability problem, and has excellent moisture permeability and waterproofness. The purpose is to provide

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems To achieve the above object, as a result of intensive studies, it has been found that if a film having an elongation of a predetermined value or more is adhered to a non-woven fabric using an adhesive resin having an elongation of a predetermined value or more, a nail hole is formed. It has been found that the water stoppage can be sufficiently ensured and that these films and adhesives can be provided with moisture permeability and waterproofness, and the present invention has been completed. That is, according to the first aspect of the present invention, a laminated sheet obtained by laminating a nonwoven fabric and a film using an adhesive is 1000 g / m ² · 24.
Moisture permeability characterized by having a moisture permeability of at least one hour and a water pressure of at least 1 kg / cm ^{2, wherein} the elongation of the adhesive layer is at least 300% and the elongation of the film layer is at least 100%.・ It is a waterproof sheet.

Here, the elongation is a value measured according to JIS K-6301. In the present invention, the elongation of the film layer needs to be 100% or more, and the elongation of the adhesive layer needs to be 300% or more. 100% elongation of film layer
If the thickness is less than 300% or the elongation of the adhesive layer is less than 300%, the waterproofness of the nail hole may not be sufficiently secured. However,
Both elongations are preferably set to 1500% or less. This is because at 1500% or less, the water stopping property of the nail hole is sufficiently achieved. That is, a preferable range of the elongation of the film layer is 100% to 1500%, and a more preferable range is 100% to 1000% (more preferably, 200% to 1000%).
800%), and the preferred range of elongation of the adhesive layer is 300%.
１1500%, more preferably 400% to 1200%.

In order to prevent the dew or rainwater from entering the sheet, the sheet of the present invention is 1000 g / m ² · 24.
It is necessary to have a moisture permeability of not less than an hour and a water pressure resistance of not less than 1 kg / cm ² . Therefore, the film constituting the sheet has a moisture permeability of 1000 g / m ² · 24 hours or more and 1 k
It is preferable to use a material having a water pressure resistance of g / cm ² or more. However, even if the film does not satisfy the moisture permeability and the water pressure resistance, it is sufficient that the entire sheet including the nonwoven fabric and the adhesive layer satisfies them. Here, the moisture permeability is a measured value based on JISZ-0208B, and the water pressure resistance is a measured value based on JISL-1092.

Further, the thickness of the film layer is from 5 μm to 500 μm.
It is preferred that If it is less than 5 μm, pinholes are liable to occur, and if it exceeds 500 μm, moisture permeability may not only be impaired, but also it becomes bulky and difficult to handle, which is not preferable in terms of cost.

In order to ensure the above-mentioned moisture permeability of the adhesive layer, a moisture-permeable adhesive such as polyurethane or polyamino acid urethane is used. If the adhesive is non-permeable, the weight per unit area is 50 g. / M ² or less, and a method for that purpose is described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application No. 8-222912.
As described in the above item, an adhesive layer having a web or spiral gap may be formed.

The nonwoven fabric used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and is manufactured by a known manufacturing method such as a chemical bond, a thermal bond, a needle punch, a stitch bond, a spun lathe, a spun bond, a melt blow, or a wet method. Although all nonwoven fabrics are included, those having excellent tear strength and weather resistance, or those having both moisture permeability and waterproofness together with them are preferred.

With this configuration, even if the sheet is fixed to a field board or the like with a fastener (a nail, a tacker, or the like), the sheet adheres to the fastener and a gap into which water enters. Without producing
Nail hole waterproofing is achieved. This indicates that even if cracks or gaps are formed in the sheet due to nailing or the like, the sheet and the adhesive are simultaneously filled and sealed because they extend. Further, since the water vapor permeability of 1000 g / m ² · 24 hours or more and the water pressure resistance of 1 kg / cm ² or more are achieved, the sheet is free from the above-mentioned dew condensation and mold generation, and furthermore, rainwater is generated from the sheet itself. There is no intrusion.

In the present invention, it is preferable to use a film having a 30% elongation recovery of 50% or more for the film layer. In this case, since the film having a high elongation recovery rate is used, the close contact between the sheet and the fastener becomes more reliable. That is, even if cracks or gaps are formed in the sheet due to nailing or the like, the sheet is not only capable of elongation of the film layer and the adhesive layer but also has a stretch recovery property against the sheet being spread. Since it works, cracks and gaps hardly occur, and even if they do occur, the extent is small, and the gaps and cracks that occur are more reliably filled.

Further, in the present invention, the softening point of the adhesive layer is preferably 90 ° C. or higher. In this way, when used as a base material for a roof, the adhesive does not soften even at a high temperature in the summer, and the function of the waterproof, moisture-permeable, and waterproof sheet for the nail hole is sufficiently achieved. It is.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. One preferred embodiment of the moisture-permeable and waterproof sheet according to the present invention is a polyester- or polyolefin-based nonwoven fabric produced by a spunbond method, and having an elongation of 100% or more and 1000 g / m ² · 24. A polyurethane film having a moisture permeability of not less than 1 hour and a water pressure resistance of not less than 1 kg / cm ² and a hot melt forming an adhesive layer having an elongation of not less than 300% and a moisture permeability of not less than 1000 g / m ² · 24 hours It can be manufactured by bonding with an adhesive or a solution adhesive. When a non-moisture-permeable adhesive is used, 1000 g /
For moisture permeability of m ² · 24 hours or more, the basis weight is 3 g / m ² ~
You may secure so that it may be set to 50 g / m < ² >. The reason for setting the range of the basis weight in this way is that if it is less than 3 g / m ² , the adhesive strength may be insufficient, and if it exceeds 50 g / m ² , moisture permeability may be impaired.

Here, when the elongation is 100% or more,
000g / m ² · 24 hours or more of moisture permeability and 1kg / cm
^The polyurethane film having a water pressure resistance of ² or more is not particularly limited.
Japanese Patent No. 3400 discloses a non-porous moisture-permeable polyurethane film produced by using a polyurethane resin synthesized using polyethylene glycol and polyisocyanate as main components. Part of this film is
It also has a 30% elongation recovery rate of 50% or more.

The non-porous polyurethane resin film mentioned here is composed of a resin synthesized with polyethylene glycol and polyisocyanate as main components, and the polyethylene glycol has 20 units of ethylene oxide units in the polyurethane. It is a film synthesized so as to be not less than weight%. Speaking of ethylene oxide, if it is less than 20% by weight, it is not preferable because it has no moisture permeability and tends to be stuffy. Other components include polypropylene glycol and polytetramethylene glycol, and ester bond components include organic carboxylic acids such as ε-caprolactone, adipic acid and isophthalic acid. Further, ethylene glycol and propylene glycol as chain extenders
Diamines such as toluene, tolylenediamine and hexamethylenediamine; and monoamines such as diethanolamine.

On the other hand, as the polyisocyanate component, tolylene diisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate and the like are preferably used. The thickness of the polyurethane film formed from the resin synthesized from the above components is preferably 5 μm to 50 μm. If the thickness is less than 5 μm, there is a disadvantage that the film is easily damaged during production or handling. If it exceeds 50 μm, it is not preferable because the thickness is too large and the moisture permeability and flexibility deteriorate.

The bonding between the polyester-based or polyolefin-based nonwoven fabric and the polyurethane film is performed as follows. (1) When, for example, a moisture-permeable urethane resin is used as the solution-based adhesive, the resin is made into a solution in a DMF / toluene mixed solvent, and after applying this solution to a polyurethane film, a nonwoven fabric is overlaid and dried. I just need.

(2) When a hot-melt adhesive such as a synthetic rubber is used, a web-like or spiral-like adhesive layer may be formed to ensure moisture permeability of 1000 g / m ² · 24 hours or more. . This includes Japanese Patent Application 8-222291.
As described in JP-A No. 2, a known method described in JP-A-61-200869 and JP-A-5-309310 can be used. That is, a hot-melt adhesive such as a synthetic rubber is discharged from a nozzle by a hot-melt sprayer, and at the same time, the discharged adhesive is sprayed along with the flow of air while being extended by an air flow from an adjacent air nozzle, A web or spiral coating is applied to the polyurethane film. Thereafter, the nonwoven fabric is overlaid and pressed together to form a web-like or spiral-like adhesive layer.

The moisture-permeable and waterproof sheet manufactured as described above is used, for example, with a nail between a tile and a field board as a roof underlaying material. In this case, 1 kg / cm ^{2 is used.}
With this sheet having the above water pressure resistance, the rainwater that has entered from the roof tiles and the outer wall is shut off, and at the time of nailing, the film and the adhesive are simultaneously stretched.
A sealed state is maintained between the nail and the sheet. 30% more
When a film having an elongation recovery rate of 50% or more is used,
Since the stretch recovery of the sheet works well, a tight seal between the nail and the sheet is ensured. Also, this sheet is 1
000g / m ² · 24 hours or more of moisture permeability and 1kg / cm
Since it has a water pressure resistance of ^two or more, the above-mentioned problems of dew condensation and rainwater intrusion do not occur.

[0022]

The present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples.

(Example 1) Spunbond nonwoven fabric (polyester spunbond manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation, weight per unit area: 80 g)
/ M ² ) and a polyurethane film (Soflan palm film manufactured by Toyo Tire & Rubber Co., Ltd., film thickness: 30 μm)
m) with a synthetic rubber-based adhesive (SEBS-based hot melt adhesive JHL-106-9 manufactured by Nippon Fura Co., Ltd.) to obtain a moisture-permeable and waterproof sheet. The bonding was performed by applying the adhesive in a molten state to the film by a curtain press (manufactured by SUNTOOL CO., LTD.), And pressing the non-woven fabric on the film by a pressure roll. The basis weight of the adhesive was 10 g / m ² .

(Example 2) Spunbond nonwoven fabric (polyester spunbond manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation, basis weight: 80 g)
/ M ² ) and microporous polyethylene film (Polar PN50 manufactured by Tokuyama Corporation, film thickness: 50 μm)
Were bonded using a moisture-curable urethane adhesive (manufactured by NSC Japan, part number 70-7254) to obtain a moisture-permeable and waterproof sheet. In this case, the adhesive was applied to the film using a porous coater (manufactured by Nordson Corporation), and the nonwoven fabric was overlaid on the film, and then the adhesive was cured and bonded. The basis weight of the adhesive was 10 g / m ² .

Comparative Example 1 A transparent adhesive was used in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a polyamide-based adhesive (macromelt 6217 manufactured by Henkel Hakusui Co., Ltd.) having an adhesive layer elongation of 120% was used as the adhesive. A wet and waterproof sheet was obtained.

Comparative Example 2 A microporous polypropylene film having an elongation of 75% (NF sheet manufactured by Tokuyama Corporation, film thickness: 100 μm) was used in the same manner as in Example 2 except that a film was used. , Breathable and waterproof
I got it.

The test methods for evaluating physical properties used in this example are as follows. (1) Waterproofing of nail holes is measured by placing a sample on a 12 mm thick wood plate with the nonwoven fabric facing the surface, and using a nail for colonial tile (length: 30 mm, maximum diameter: 3.3 mm, minimum diameter;
9 mm, the center axis interval of the nail; 1.3 mm).
A PVC pipe whose bottom was sealed with a sealing agent was erected thereon, and the top was sealed with a rubber stopper passing through a 10 ml female pipet at the center. Pour red colored water from the open end of the pipette and apply a 150 mm head pressure to the sample.
The amount of water reduction (ml) after 4 hours was measured. Ten samples were prepared from each of the sheets of the examples and comparative examples, and the amount of water reduction was measured. Any of eight or more of the ten samples had a water reduction of 1.0 ml or less. Was evaluated as “having water stoppage”.

(2) Regarding the elongation of the adhesive layer, an adhesive is applied to a release paper in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and then solidified or cured to form a polymer film of the adhesive. And elongation of the film is measured according to JIS K-6301.
And measured as the elongation of each adhesive layer. (3) The moisture permeability and the water pressure resistance were measured by the methods according to JISZ-0208B and JISL-1092, respectively, as described above.

(4) The 30% elongation recovery rate was determined by using a test piece having a width of 2.5 cm and a length of 14 cm in a tensile test, elongating 5 cm at a gripping interval of 10 cm, a pulling speed of 50 mm / min, and leaving 50 mm after standing for 1 minute. / Min, and the residual elongation a (mm) at the time when the stress became 0 was measured, and was obtained by the following equation. (1- (a / 30)) × 100

For each of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the elongation of the film used and the 30% elongation recovery rate, the elongation of the adhesive and the moisture permeability, the water pressure resistance and the nail hole of the obtained sheet were obtained. Table 1 shows the results of measuring the water stoppage. From Table 1, the moisture-permeable and waterproof laminated sheets (Examples 1 and 2) according to the present invention are as follows.
In the evaluation of the nail hole waterproofing property, the nail hole waterproofing property can be evaluated as “present”, whereas when the adhesive layer or the film does not have a predetermined elongation (Comparative Examples 1 and 2), there is no nail hole waterproofing property. , There is a remarkable difference between them.

[0031]

[Table 1]

[0032]

As described above, in the moisture-permeable and waterproof sheet according to the present invention, both the adhesive layer and the film layer exhibit a predetermined elongation. Even if a hole is formed, the sheet adheres to the nail without cracks or gaps as in the prior art, and the watertightness of the nail hole of the sheet is ensured. In particular, when a film having an elongation and an elongation recovery rate of a predetermined value or more is used, the adhesion of the sheet to the nail becomes stronger, and the waterproofness of the nail hole becomes more reliable. Further, since the sheet has sufficient moisture permeability and waterproofness, there is no problem of corrosion of the base plate or the like due to rainwater intrusion or condensation.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A laminated sheet in which a nonwoven fabric and a film are stuck together with an adhesive, the laminated sheet having a thickness of 1000
g / m ² · 24 hours or more of moisture permeability and 1 kg / cm ² or more of water pressure resistance, and the elongation of the adhesive layer is 300
% Or more, and the elongation of the film layer is 100% or more.