JP2000151692A - Resource reservation system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a resource reservation system and a method that can be applied to an existing internet protocol IP network and make proper correspondence even when a required band cannot be reserved in band reservation processing. SOLUTION: A 1st host 121 a transmitter side first sets path information in the case of sending an IP data packet with real time performance to a 2nd host 122 or a 3rd host 123 that is a destination. Each host and each router have an application table where a band to be reserved is stored corresponding to an outgoing incoming IP address and a transfer kind. Routers acting like transfer paths inform a transmitter receiver side of an idle bandwidth to be reserved and a destination host sends a band reservation to a transmission source host. The transmission source host receives it, refers to the application table to secure the band corresponding to the transfer kind. Each host and each router store the band reservation state as above in a management information base MIB and a network management system NMS 13 manages the base in the lump.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus and method for reserving resources, and more particularly to an apparatus and method for reserving resources for securing a communication band during communication and performing real-time communication.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The Internet formed by interconnecting a plurality of Local Area Networks (LANs).
Due to recent advances in information processing technology and communication technology and accompanying cost reduction, they have expanded to a huge communication network next to the subscriber telephone network. At present, various benefits have been brought to society, such as the possibility of sending and receiving e-mails worldwide through such an Internet. From now on,
Further, by transmitting and receiving voice and image information represented by an Internet telephone and video on demand (Video On Demand: VOD) in real time, it is expected to provide more advanced communication services.

[0003] As a device for performing multimedia communication in real time on the Internet, a hardware device with a high transfer rate is used as an asynchronous transfer mode (Asynchronous Tra
nsfer Mode: hereinafter abbreviated as ATM. )) There is a communication device using the LAN technology. Such an ATM LAN
Among technologies, LAN emulation with a server device characterized by high-speed switching of ATM in recent years,
classical IP Over ATM, NHRP
(Next Hop address Resolution Protocol), MPOA
(MultiProtocol Over ATM). On the other hand, IP Switch, Tag Switch, CS
R (Cell Switch Router), AscendCommun
GRF400, ARI developed by ications
S (Aggregate Route-Based IP Switching) eliminates the need for such a server device, and enables high-speed transmission based on the concept of cut-through by flow detection.

[0004] By the way, the Internet is open systems interconnection (OSI).
Internet of the network layer in the reference model
Transmission and reception of transfer data is performed using data packets in a protocol (Internet Protocol: hereinafter, abbreviated as IP) layer. The transmission and reception of data packets in the IP layer are performed by a connectionless communication method in which a data link is not established prior to data transfer. In order to perform the above-described real-time communication in a connectionless network in which communication is performed using such a connectionless communication method, a communication band must be secured (Quality of Service:
Hereinafter, it is abbreviated as QoS. ) Is required. As one of them, resource reservation (Resource Reservation) at the time of communication is being studied, and one OCN (Open Computer Network) of Internet services is being considered.
It is positioned as a high-performance service.

Therefore, IETF (Internet Engineering)
Resource reservation protocol (Res
ourceReSerVation Protocol: Hereafter abbreviated as RSVP. ) And real-time transfer protocol (Real-time Tr
ansfer Protocol: hereinafter abbreviated as RTP. Real-time multimedia communication on the Internet is realized by performing resource reservation such as securing a communication band using a protocol such as Stream Transport Protocol-II (hereinafter abbreviated as STII).

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-214504 discloses an AT
A technique relating to IP-level resource reservation according to RSVP when delivering an IP-level data packet via an M communication network is disclosed.

[0007]

However, among such ATM LAN technologies, a LAN for resource reservation is used.
Emulation and Classical IP Ov
For er ATM, NHRP, and MPOA, a very expensive server device is required, and the cost increases. Further, in a network system in which a decrease in reliability is fatal, the installation of such a server device also causes a decrease in reliability. On the other hand, IP Switch and Tag
Switch, CSR, GRF400, ARIS,
For the purpose of eliminating such server devices and reducing the protocol processing time between conventional server devices and distributing the load, high-speed transmission is enabled by the concept of cut-through by flow detection. However, dedicated hardware is required for the elimination of the server device, so that it is difficult to apply this to all networks such as the Internet.

On the other hand, RTP, which is the same transport layer protocol as the TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) layer in the OSI reference model, supports multimedia communication that requires real-time properties, and includes minimum delivery confirmation and monitoring. Control Protocol (RTP Control Protocol: R)
TCP). In RTP, the sending side attaches a time stamp or an identifier of the encoding method to the header and sends it out.
By reproducing this on the receiving side based on the header information, continuity of data is guaranteed. At this time, the RTCP monitors the transmission delay and bandwidth, and notifies the transmission side of the transmission delay and changes the resolution of the image of the information to be transmitted. The information can be transmitted as an optimal form of information. As described above, the RTP can transmit the optimum information in real time as the operation of the application, but is not effective in terms of data transmission because the required amount of data cannot always be fixedly transferred at a high speed. There is a problem.

[0009] The STII is characterized in that a band is determined on the transmitting side, and that a communication band can be maintained for a specific communication until explicit termination support is received from the transmitting side. And different. However, since it is a different protocol from IP, it cannot be applied to networks based on connectionless communication type IP networks such as today, and even if it is applied, it is received at the time of multicasting unless some measures are taken. There is a problem that the communication band on the side has to be uniform.

[0010] RSVP can be used on an existing IP protocol as a protocol of an upper layer of the IP layer in the OSI reference model. The band reservation is performed for a unidirectional data flow from the receiving side by specifying at the start of communication. Then, refreshing is periodically performed as confirmation of the band reservation status, and the band secured by timeout is released. As described above, the receive-oriented RSVP that starts and maintains a band reservation for a data flow for which a communication band is to be secured on the receiving side cannot perform congestion control when the band is reserved. There is. Therefore, in the present situation, in spite of the instruction of the bandwidth reservation from the receiving side, for example, if the bandwidth to be reserved cannot be secured by the router in the middle of the data flow, the reservation is rejected as it is and the bandwidth reservation is not executed Would.

In the technology disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 9-214504, a service called ABT (ATM Block Transfer) is provided to reserve the resources of a virtual connection in an ATM network.
It is only a technology related to resource reservation in TM technology.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made in consideration of the above-described problems, and is applicable to an existing IP network, so that a plurality of receiving sides can secure an optimal communication band. It is an object to provide an apparatus and a method.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a resource reservation apparatus and method capable of taking appropriate measures according to the situation even when a necessary band cannot be secured in the band reservation processing. And

[0014]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, (a) transmission information transmitting means for transmitting transmission information prior to transmission of transmission data to be transmitted to a transmission line, and based on a bandwidth reservation notification. A data transmission device having a communication band securing means for securing a communication band and transmitting transmission data to the transmission path, and (b) transmitting a transmission path based on transmission information of the transmission data transmitted by the transmission information transmitting means. A relay device having an available bandwidth notifying unit for notifying the available bandwidth; and (c) the type of transmission data included in the transmission information of the transmission data transmitted by the transmission information transmitting unit and the bandwidth of the transmission path to be secured. Receiving the transmission information of the transmission data transmitted by the transmission information transmitting means and storing the transmission information in accordance with the type of the transmission data contained therein. It is in a bandwidth of a transmission path to be reserved stored in the storage means, based on the vacant bandwidth of the transmission path notified by the free bandwidth notification unit,
A communication band securing determining means for determining whether or not to secure a communication band; and, when the communication band securing determining means determines that the communication band is to be secured, based on the vacant bandwidth and the bandwidth of the transmission path to be secured. The resource reservation device is provided with a data receiving device including a band securing reservation sending unit that secures a predetermined communication band and sends a band securing reservation notification.

In other words, according to the first aspect of the invention, before transmitting the transmission data from the data transmission device to the transmission path, the transmission information relating to the transmission data is transmitted. Upon receiving the transmission information, the relay device notifies the data transmitting device and the receiving device of the available bandwidth of the transmission path based on the transmission information. The data receiving device has a storage unit in which the type of transmission data included in the transmission information of the transmission data and the bandwidth of the transmission path to be secured are stored in advance in association with each other. Based on the received notification of the available bandwidth, the communication band securing determination unit determines whether or not to secure the communication band by referring to the corresponding location of the storage unit.
When it is determined that the communication bandwidth is to be secured by the communication bandwidth securing determining means, the notified free bandwidth and the bandwidth to be secured stored in the storage means are associated with the type of transmission data to be transmitted. Based on this, a predetermined communication band is secured and further transmitted as a band securing reservation to the data transmitting device via the relay device. The data transmitting device receives the reservation for securing the band via the relay device and secures a predetermined communication band. As the transmission information, as described above, not only the type of transmission data to be transmitted and the identification information of the transmission data on the transmission path, but also the transmission preparation notification can be made afterwards to correspond to various transmission data. Thus, an appropriate communication bandwidth can be secured.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the resource reserving apparatus of the first aspect, the management information for maintaining the communication band securing status of the transmission path in each of the communication band securing means and the bandwidth securing reservation sending means in the management information base. It is characterized by comprising a holding means and a management information collecting means for collecting the management information held by the management information holding means by a simple network management protocol.

That is, according to the second aspect of the present invention, the band securing status of each device is managed on the basis of a management information base, and this is collectively collected by the conventional simple network management protocol. This makes it possible to take appropriate countermeasures such as, for example, a change in the route or a change in the communication bandwidth according to the state of securing of the communication band, and a flexible system can be constructed.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the resource reservation apparatus according to the second aspect, the management information held by the management information holding means belongs to a transmission group of an object identifier tree of a management information base. I have.

That is, according to the third aspect of the present invention, the management information held by the management information holding means is made to belong to the transmission group of the object identifier tree of the management information base, so that compatibility with the conventional management system is improved. Can be enhanced.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the resource reservation device of the first to third aspects, the transmission data is IP packet data.

That is, according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, by using IP packet data corresponding to the conventional IP protocol as communication data, the present invention can be applied to the Internet using this IP protocol.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, (a) a transmission information transmission step of transmitting transmission information prior to transmission of transmission data transmitted from a data transmission device to a transmission path;
(B) an idle bandwidth notifying step of notifying the idle bandwidth of the transmission path in the relay device based on the transmission information of the transmission data transmitted in the transmission information transmitting step;
(C) Receives the free bandwidth of the transmission path notified by the free bandwidth notification step and the transmission information of the transmission data transmitted by the transmission information transmission step, and stores the transmission information in association with the type of transmission data included therein. A communication bandwidth securing determination step for determining whether or not to secure a communication bandwidth in the data receiving apparatus based on the bandwidth of the transmission path to be secured, and (d) a communication bandwidth securing determination step. When it is determined that the bandwidth is reserved, a predetermined communication bandwidth is secured based on the available bandwidth and the bandwidth of the transmission path to be secured, and a bandwidth reservation reservation is transmitted to the data transmitting device via the relay device. And (e) securing a communication bandwidth based on the bandwidth reservation notification transmitted in the bandwidth reservation transmitting step and transmitting data. To and a communication band ensured step of sending the data from a data source to the transmission path to the resource reservation method.

In other words, according to the fifth aspect of the invention, before transmitting the transmission data from the data transmission device to the transmission path, the transmission information relating to the transmission data is transmitted in the transmission information transmitting step. When the relay device receives the transmission information in the free bandwidth notification step, the relay device notifies the data transmitting device and the receiving device of the free bandwidth of the transmission path based on the received transmission information. Next, in the communication band securing determination step, the data receiving apparatus receives the free bandwidth of the transmission path notified by the free bandwidth notification step and the transmission information of the transmission data transmitted by the transmission information transmission step, and includes the same. The data receiving apparatus determines whether or not to secure a communication band, based on the transmission path bandwidth to be secured and stored in association with the type of transmission data to be transmitted.
When it is determined in the communication bandwidth securing determination step that the communication bandwidth is to be secured, the predetermined bandwidth is determined based on the notified free bandwidth and the bandwidth to be secured stored in association with the type of transmission data to be transmitted. Is secured, and is transmitted to the data transmitting device via the relay device as a bandwidth securing reservation in the bandwidth securing reservation transmitting step. Next, the data transmission device receives the reservation for securing the band via the relay device, and secures a predetermined communication band in the communication band securing step. As the transmission information, as described above, not only the type of transmission data to be transmitted and the identification information of the transmission data on the transmission path, but also the transmission preparation notification can be made afterwards to correspond to various transmission data. Thus, an appropriate communication bandwidth can be secured.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the resource reserving method according to the fifth aspect, the management information holding state of the communication band of the transmission path in the communication band securing step and the bandwidth securing reservation sending step in the management information base. It is characterized by comprising a holding step and a management information collecting step of collecting the management information held by the management information holding step by a simple network management protocol.

That is, according to the invention of claim 6, the band securing status in each device is managed on the basis of the management information base, and this is collectively collected by the conventional simple network management protocol. This makes it possible to take appropriate countermeasures such as, for example, a change in the route or a change in the communication bandwidth according to the state of securing of the communication band, and a flexible system can be constructed.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the resource reservation method of the sixth aspect, the management information held in the management information holding step belongs to a transmission group of an object identifier tree of the management information base. I have.

In other words, in the invention according to claim 7, the management information held in the management information holding step is made to belong to the transmission group of the object identifier tree of the management information base, so that compatibility with the conventional management system is improved. Can be enhanced.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the resource reservation method according to the fifth to seventh aspects, the transmission data is IP packet data.

That is, according to the invention described in claim 8, by using IP packet data corresponding to the conventional IP protocol as communication data, the present invention can be applied to the Internet using this IP protocol.

[0030]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

[0031]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to embodiments.

FIG. 1 shows an outline of a configuration of an IP data network to which a resource reservation device according to an embodiment of the present invention is applied. This IP data network includes _first to _sixth routers 10 ₁ to 10 ₆ , each of which contains a unique local network. The first router 10 ₁ has a network bus 11 ₁
A first host 12 ₁ via a network management system (Network Management System:. Hereinafter abbreviated as NMS) 13 and are accommodated the first local network connected. The third router ₁₀₃ includes a network bus 11 ₃ second host 12 ₂ via a third host 12 ₃ accommodates a second local networks connected. Further, the first to sixth routers 10 ₁ to 10 ₁
10 ₆ and the first to third hosts 12 _{1 to} 12 ₃ each have a unique management information base (Management Infor
mation Base: Abbreviated as MIB below. )
Simple Network Management Protocol (Simple Net
work Management Protocol: hereinafter abbreviated as SNMP. )
14, the NMS 13 manages various network management information.

In the following, for convenience of explanation, the first host 12
Let ₁ be the source. Then, the source first host 12 ₁
Is transmitted to the second and third hosts 12 ₂ and 12 ₃ via the IP data network composed of the _first to _sixth routers 10 ₁ to 10 ₆ .

In such an IP data network, the first host 12 ₁ on the transmission side sends an IP data packet having real-time properties to the second or third host 12 ₂ , 12 ₃ at the transmission destination. I do. At this time, first, route information is set to a router and a destination host on the transfer route of the IP data packet to be transmitted according to a routing table (not shown), and a bandwidth reservation is prepared for the router or the destination host on the transfer route. Is performed. Each host and router has a source and destination IP
It has an application table in which bands to be reserved stored in correspondence with addresses and transfer types are tabulated. A router serving as a transfer path of an IP data packet to be transferred notifies the transmitting / receiving side of an available bandwidth that can be secured at the time of performing the bandwidth reservation preparation. Upon receiving this notification, the destination host sends a bandwidth reservation to the source host. First host 12 ₁ source receives this, with reference to their application table, to ensure a bandwidth corresponding to the transfer type of IP data packets to be sent, it will start transmission . However, when it is determined that the necessary bandwidth cannot be secured, the securing of the bandwidth is abandoned. Each host and router holds such a band securing status in the MIB and notifies the NMS 13 of this as a trap, thereby performing collective management in the NMS 13 and issuing a communication instruction or a routing change instruction in accordance with the bandwidth securing status. It can be easily done.

First, the main components of such a resource reservation device will be described, and then the overall operation flow will be described.

FIG. 2 shows the first host 12 in this embodiment.
₁ shows an outline of a main part configuration. The transmission processing unit 21 to which the transmission data 20 from the application unit (not shown) is input is converted into an IP data packet in which an IP address for identifying the transmission source and the destination host is added to the header part, and transferred. Request transmission to the processing unit 22. Upon receiving this request, the transfer processing unit 2
2 sends the IP data packet to the network bus 11. The transfer processing unit 22 plays a role of an interface such as format conversion of various data transmitted / received via the network bus 11. Also, the first host 12 ₁
Has a routing table 23 for selecting a route, and refers to a transmission destination stored corresponding to a source and destination IP address of an IP data packet to be transferred. Then, the transfer processing unit 22 sends out the IP data packet to the destination via the network bus 11.

Further, the route setting section 24 is capable of specifying a route to a transfer route to a transmission destination before transmitting an IP data packet. This routing is performed by transmitting the source and destination IP addresses as the data flow of the IP data packet, the transfer type of the IP data packet to each router and the destination host on the transfer route of the IP data packet to be transmitted. This is for setting path information consisting of: Also, the first host 12 ₁
In, the route setting unit 24 stores the route information. The transfer type of the IP data packet is identification information for specifying an application. The application table 25 indicates how much bandwidth needs to be secured according to the transfer type and the source and destination IP addresses in order to secure an optimal communication bandwidth according to the type of an application unit (not shown). The reserved bandwidth is stored in a table. Such an application table is provided in each router and host.

As described above, with reference to the route information held in the route setting unit 24, it is determined whether or not the route has been specified beforehand, and it is determined that there is a transmission instruction from the corresponding application unit (not shown). Then, the transmission preparation notifying unit 26 of the transmission processing unit 21 sends a transmission preparation notification according to the application on the designated path. With this transmission preparation notification, each router or transmission destination host on the transfer path can identify the application to be transmitted from now on, and recognize the bandwidth to be secured by referring to its own application table. can do.

In response to the transmission preparation notification sent after the route designation from the _first host 121 on the transmission side, each router notifies the available bandwidth via the network bus 11. This is because the destination second and third hosts 12 ₂ ,
12 ₃ is also notified, and a bandwidth reservation is transmitted from each of the second and third hosts 12 ₂ and 12 _{3 of} these transmission destinations. This is received by each router, and if the bandwidth can be further secured, a bandwidth reservation permission is issued to the network bus 11.
First host 12 ₁ inputted via the a predetermined band securing processing in a band securing portion 27 is performed. At this time, with reference to the application table 25, it is determined whether or not to communicate in the secured band. For example, a threshold is determined in advance,
It is possible to perform processing such that communication is started at what percentage of the required reserved bandwidth stored in the application table 25, and communication is not performed at less than that.

Further first host 12 ₁ has a MIB 28, to be able to store information about the bandwidth reservation status in response to the transfer type and destination IP addresses and source IP addresses left over to the application is identified ing. Then, the trap processing unit 29 that monitors the MIB 28 causes the NMS 13 to appropriately notify the NMS 13 through a trap notification signal line 30 by a predetermined trap process.

[0041] Figure 3 shows an outline of the table configuration of the first host 12 ₁ of the routing table 23. In the IP data network, each device, for example, each host and each router as described above can be identified by a uniquely assigned IP address. The routing table 23 stores in advance a destination 33 uniquely determined by a source IP address 31 and a destination IP address 32 added to the header of an IP data packet to be transmitted. The destination 33 may be an identification number of the output interface may be the IP address of the next hop, or output from the first host 12 _1. In any case, the next destination of the IP data packet in the data flow identified by the destination and the source IP address is determined by the routing table 23.

[0042] Figure 4 shows an outline of the table configuration of the first host 12 _first application table 25. There are a plurality of types of transfer instructions from the application unit (not shown) as described above, and there are a total transfer capacity and a transmission amount required for real-time communication according to the transfer type. The application table 25 includes a specific application 34 for specifying such a transfer type and a source and destination IP address 3 as a data flow.
The communication band 36 to be ensured uniquely determined by 5 is stored in advance. In the first host 12 _1, bandwidth allocation unit 27 receives the bandwidth reservation acknowledgment from each router input from the transfer processing unit 22 via the network bus 11 by referring to the application table 25, a predetermined When a communication band exceeding the current band can be secured, a predetermined band securing process is performed, and the transmission processing unit 21 performs real-time communication of transmission data of an application unit (not shown). The band securing status is held in the MIB 28, and is managed by the NMS 13 by a trap process performed by the trap processor 29 as appropriate.

[0043] Such band securing processing, the central processing unit first host 12 ₁ is not shown (Central Processing
Unit: hereinafter abbreviated as CPU. ), And various controls are performed based on programs stored in a predetermined storage device such as an external storage device such as a magnetic disk or a read only memory (hereinafter abbreviated as ROM) provided separately therefrom. Is made possible.

[0044] Figure 5 shows an outline of band securing processing in the first host 12 _1. First, route setting unit 2
4 specifies a route for the data flow for which the bandwidth is to be secured (step S100). That is, referring to the routing table 23, the destination and source IP address of the IP data packet to be transmitted and the transfer type indicating which application is transmitted to each router and host serving as a transfer route. Is set. Such routing information is retained in the path setting unit 24 of the first host 12 _1. Next, a transmission preparation notification from an application unit (not shown) is transmitted via the routed data flow (step S1).
01). After that, a free band notification from the _first router 101 is received as transmission preparation notice transmitted corresponding to the routed data flow, and this is also held in the band securing unit 27.

[0045] Then wait for first receiving notifications is the bandwidth reservation acknowledgment from the router 10 ₁ corresponding to the bandwidth reservation notice sent from the destination host (step S102: N).
When this is received (step S102: Y), the application table 25 is referred to (step S10).
3) Compare with the previously received free band notification from the _first router 101. The bandwidth securing unit 27 is a first host 1
2 free bandwidth notified from the first router 10 ₁ in response to the sent transmission preparation notification from ₁ compares ensure bandwidth required by the application stored in the application table 25. Then, when the threshold value is exceeded, it is determined that the band can be secured (step S104: Y), and a predetermined band securing process is performed (step S105). As described above, when the band is secured, or when the band cannot be secured in step S104 (step S105: N), the band securing status is held in the MIB 28 (step S10).
6). At this time, the information stored in the MIB 28 includes a bandwidth secured at the start of communication, a securing status indicating whether or not the bandwidth has been secured, and an empty bandwidth during communication and a delay time in communication. I do. The management information stored in the MIB 28 is monitored by the trap processing unit 29 (step S107). And
When the band securing status in the management information of the MIB 28 changes, the SNMP is sent to the NMS 13 as a trap process.
(Step S107: notification of management information)
Y). Then, as in the case where there is no change in the management information of the MIB 28 (step S107: N), the process waits for activation of the route designation (return).

Such band securing processing is performed for each destination host.

Next, a router accommodating each host and relaying IP data packets transmitted and received between the hosts will be described. Each first to sixth router 10 ₁ to 10 ₆ in the IP data network and the same structure shown in FIG. 1, will be described here first router 10 _1.

FIG. 6 shows the first router 10 in this embodiment.
₁ shows an outline of a main part configuration. When an IP data packet is input via the network bus 11, the first router 10 ₁ refers to the routing table 41 in the transfer processing unit 40 and refers to the IP network bus 42.
Via the router to an adjacent router or host. Note that the routing table 41 will be omitted when shown because the contents stored therein first host 12 ₁ of the routing table 23 are different, but the same configuration shown in FIG. 3 for the table structure. By the way, the first
Routing delivered by the route setting unit 24 of the host 12 ₁ is received by the transfer processing unit 40. The first router 10 ₁ of the route setting unit 43 is a routing table 41
, The routing is transmitted from the transfer processing unit 40 to the IP network bus 42 in the direction of the transmission destination again. Note that the route setting unit 43 also uses the first host 12 ₁
In the same manner as the path setting unit 24, the source and destination IP addresses and the transfer of the IP data packet as the data flow of the IP data packet to the router and the destination host on the transfer path of the IP data packet to be transmitted The route information including the type is held.

Further, the bandwidth securing unit 44 of the _first router 10 ₁
Receives as corresponding to the path information from the first host 12 ₁ the transfer unit 40 via the network bus 11 is housed is held prepares to send notifications to the route setting unit 43, it is held in MIB45 The present free bandwidth is transmitted to the first host 12 ₁ of the transmission source and the second and third hosts 12 ₂ and 12 ₃ of the transmission destination. This transmission is also transmitted to each signal line after being converted into a predetermined format by the transfer processing unit 40.

Further, the second or third transmission destination
When the bandwidth reservation is received from the hosts 12 ₂ and 12 ₃ , the application table 46 is referred to, and when the bandwidth required by the application making the bandwidth reservation can be secured, a predetermined bandwidth securing process is performed. It sends a bandwidth securing permission to the first host 12 ₁ source. Incidentally application table 46 and will not be shown because the table structure first host 12 _first application table 25 and the stored contents shown in FIG. 4 is a different but identical configurations. As described above, when the bandwidth required by the application can be secured, or when the bandwidth cannot be secured, it is held in the MIB 45 as the securing status. Then, the trap processing unit 47 that monitors the MIB 45 appropriately sets N via a trap notification signal line 48.
The MS 13 is notified by a predetermined trap process.

[0051] Such band securing processing, a CPU which first router 10 ₁ is not shown, the external storage device or it, such as a magnetic disk stored in a predetermined storage device such as provided separately from ROM This is made possible by executing various controls based on the program.

[0052] Figure 7 shows an outline of band securing processing performed by the first router 10 _1. First, it waits for reception of a route designation from the _first host 121 to be accommodated (step S200). When this is received (step S
200: Y), the route setting unit 43 refers to the routing table 41 (step S201), and causes the transfer processing unit 40 to transmit a route specification to the IP network bus 42 in the direction of the transmission destination again (step S20).
Along with 2), transfer of the source and destination IP addresses and the IP data packet as the data flow of the IP data packet to the router and the destination host on the transfer route of the IP data packet to be sent to the route setting unit 43 Holds path information consisting of types. Then, it waits for the reception of the route designation again (return). Step S200
In a first not received route designated by the host 12 ₁ (step S200: N), after routing received from the first host 12 _1, corresponding thereto by referring to the routing information held in the path setting unit 43 When the transmission preparation notice by the application is received (step S203: Y), this transmission preparation notice is referred to by referring to the routing table 41.
Again, the transfer processor 40 causes the IP network bus 42 to send a route designation in the direction of the destination (step S204). Then, the MIB 4
5 is transmitted to the transmission source first host 12 ₁ and the transmission destination second and third hosts 12 ₂ and 12 ₃ (step S20).
5). Then, it waits for the reception of the route designation again (return).

In step S203, the first host 12 ₁
Instead of the transmission preparation notification from the server (step S203:
N), a second or third host 12 _{2 as} a destination,
12 ₃ When the bandwidth allocation reservation has been received via the adjacent node by (step S206: Y), with reference to the application table 46, whether bandwidth application for bandwidth allocation reservation is required can be secured Is determined (step S207). With reference to the application table 46, when it is determined that the bandwidth required by the application that reserves the bandwidth can be secured (step S207: Y), a predetermined bandwidth securing process is performed to execute the first transmission of the source. and it sends a bandwidth securing permission to host 12 ₁ (step S208). Whether the predetermined band securing process has been performed as described above, or in step S207
When it is determined that the bandwidth required by the application that reserves the bandwidth cannot be secured (step S20)
7: N), the band securing status is held in the MIB 45 (step S209).

At this time, the information held in the MIB 45 includes a bandwidth secured at the start of communication, a securing status indicating whether or not the bandwidth was secured, and also a free bandwidth during communication and a delay time in communication. To do it. The management information held in the MIB 45 is monitored by the trap processing unit 47, and when the band securing status changes in the management information of the MIB 45, the management information is notified to the NMS 13 by SNMP as a trap process when the status changes. (Step S210). Then, it waits for the reception of the route designation again (return).

In step S207, when the reservation of the bandwidth reservation by the second or third host 12 ₂ or 12 _{3 as} the transmission destination is not received via the adjacent node (step S207).
206: the N) performs normal relay process as IP data packets from the first host 12 ₁ source to the second and third host 12 _2, 12 ₃ of the destination (step S
211). That is, the IP data packet received via the network bus 11 is
, And relays the data to the adjacent router or host to the transfer processing unit 40 again via the IP network bus 42.

[0056] Then performs band securing between the first host 12 ₁ of the transmission source of the real-time communication data as described above, the host 12 ₂ second and third transmission destination of the communication data, 12 ₃ will be described. The second and third host 12 _2, 12 ₃ are each identical configuration, it will be described here the second host 12 _2.

FIG. 8 shows the second host 12 in this embodiment.
_This shows an outline of the configuration of the main part of ₂ . Communication data from the third router 10 ₃ for accommodating the second host 12 ₂ in the IP data network is received by the transfer processing unit 51 via the IP network bus 50. Then, the data is transmitted from the transfer processing unit 51 to the reception processing unit 52, and predetermined reception processing is performed. As described above, the transfer processing unit 51 plays a role of an interface such as format conversion of various data transmitted / received via the IP network bus 50. The second host 12 ₂ also,
It has a routing table 53 for selecting a route. This is because the second host 12 ₂ notified of the free bandwidth transmitted from each router in response to the transmission preparation notification transmitted from the first host 12 ₁ of the transmission source transmits the first host 12 ₁ of the transmission source. It is used when transmitting a bandwidth securing reserved for the host 12 _1. The routing table 53
Thereof is omitted shown because the contents stored therein first host 12 ₁ of the routing table 23 are different, but the same configuration shown in FIG. 3 for the table structure. Second
Host 12 _2, in the bandwidth allocation unit 54, by referring to the application table 55, the free bandwidth notified from each router to determine whether sufficient for applications, transmission source bandwidth allocation reservation if sufficient To the host. The application table 55 also will not be shown because the table structure first host 12 _first application table 25 and the stored contents shown in FIG. 4 is a different but identical configurations.

By the way, the second host 12 ₂ for sending such a bandwidth allocation reserved for the sending host is provided with a refresh unit 56. This refresh part 5
Reference numeral 6 is for maintaining the band reservation state periodically even during the real-time communication after the band is secured. In other words, the band reservation once reserved after the elapse of the predetermined timeout period is released, and if the band still needs to be reserved, the band reservation can be transmitted again in the same manner. As described above, when the bandwidth required by the application can be secured, or when the bandwidth cannot be secured, the MIB 57 holds the secured status. Then, the trap processing unit 58 that monitors the MIB 57 causes the NMS 13 to appropriately notify the NMS 13 via a trap notification signal line 59 by a predetermined trap process.

Further, the route setting unit 60 is provided with the second host 1
From the third router 10 ₁ containing 2 _2, first receives the transmission route designated by the host 12 _1, routers and destinations in the transfer path of IP data packets to be transmitted host, which is the transmission source To the source and destination IP addresses and I as the data flow of the IP data packet
Path information including the transfer type of the P data packet is held. This route information is transmitted by IP
It is used for identification of a specific application in a transmission preparation notification transmitted before transmission of a data packet.

[0060] Such band securing processing, a CPU which second host 12 ₂ is not shown, the external storage device or it, such as a magnetic disk stored in a predetermined storage device such as provided separately from ROM This is made possible by executing various controls based on the program.

[0061] Figure 9 shows an outline of band securing processing performed by the second host 12 _2. First through third router 10 ₃ for accommodating the second host 12 ₂ waits to receive a delivery route specified by the first host 12 ₁ which is the transmission source (step S300). Then, when this is received (step S300: Y), the source and the transmission as the data flow of the IP data packet are transmitted to the router and the destination host on the transfer route of the IP data packet to be transmitted to the route setting unit 43. The route information including the destination IP address and the transfer type of the IP data packet is held. Then, it waits for the reception of the transmission preparation notification from the application that has set the route information (step S30).
1: N). This makes it possible to know whether or not the transmission preparation notification received by referring to the route information held in step S300 corresponds to the application that has prepared the route. Then, when a transmission preparation notification is received from the application in which the route information is set (step S301: Y), it waits for reception of a free band notification notified from each router in response to the transmission preparation notification (step S302). : N). When this is received (Step S302: Y), the bandwidth securing unit 54 refers to the application table 55 to determine whether the free bandwidth notified from each router is sufficient for the application (Step S303). When it is determined that sufficient: (step S303 Y) refers to the routing table 53, and sends a bandwidth reservation book to the first host 12 ₁ source via the router (step S
304).

Thereafter, when it is determined that the vacant bandwidth notified in step S303 is not sufficient (step S303: N), the band securing status is determined by the MIB5.
7 (step S304). At this time, MIB5
The information held in 7 includes a bandwidth that was secured at the start of communication and a securing status indicating whether or not the bandwidth was secured.
In addition, a free bandwidth during communication and a delay time during communication are maintained. The management information stored in the MIB 57 is monitored by the trap processing unit 58,
In the management information of the IB 57, when the band securing status changes, the NMS 13
Is notified of the management information by SNMP (step S306). Then, it waits for the reception of the route designation again (return).

In step S300, the third router 10 ₃
Does not receive the route designation via the server (step S30)
At 0: N), the time measured by the timer (not shown) of the refresh unit 56 has reached a predetermined time-out time for the bandwidth reservation that has already been performed in response to the application. It is detected whether or not this is the case (step S307). As described above, this is for releasing the bandwidth reservation once reserved after the elapse of the predetermined time-out time. If the bandwidth still needs to be reserved, the bandwidth reservation is transmitted again. Thereby, complicated communication for canceling the band reservation can be omitted. When a timeout is detected in step S307 (step S307: Y), a predetermined timeout process is performed (step S30).
8). That is, by referring to the routing table 53, the first host 12 ₁ source sends out a bandwidth reservation cancellation for applications that are bandwidth allocation reserved, the second host 12 ₂ Any bandwidth reservation Release is performed. The bandwidth reservation cancellation, when received by the first host 12 ₁ through each router band is reserved by the source is adapted to be released before. Also in the second host 12 _2, disabling the like vacant bandwidth that is held in the path information and bandwidth allocation unit 65 held by the route setting unit 60. After the predetermined timeout process, the process returns to step S300 again (return).

If no timeout is detected in step S307 (step S307), a predetermined reception process is performed as it is (step S309), and the process returns to step S300 again (return).

Next, with reference to FIG. 10, the operation of the resource reservation device having such a main configuration will be described. In IP data network shown here in Figure 1, first the first host 12 ₁ source destination via each router 2
A sequence for securing a band for real-time communication to the third hosts 12 ₂ and 12 ₃ will be described.

FIG. 10 shows a sequence between the respective devices when the band is secured in the present embodiment. Band securing processing, the first host 12 ₁ of the transmission source IP packet data as application data is first performed from now real-time communication, the routing 70 ₁ is sent according to the routing table 23. The first router 10 ₁ and the second router 10 _{2 on} the transfer path of the application data relay this one after another (route specification 7).
0 ₂ ), the third router 10 ₃ accommodates the second host 12
Relay to the _second and third host 12 ₃ (routing 7
0 ₃ , 70 ₄ ). At the time of this relay, the route information is set in each route setting unit corresponding to the application to be transferred. Subsequently, a transmission preparation notification 71 indicating which application data is to be transmitted
₁ from the first host 12 ₁ to the routing table 23
Is transmitted in accordance with This transmission preparation notification is also relayed one after another by the first router 10 ₁ and the second router 10 ₂ on the transfer route (route designation 71 ₂ ), and the third router 10 ₃ is accommodated by the second host 12 ₂ accommodated. and relayed to the third host 12 ₃ (routing 71 _3, 71 _4). In the _first to _third routers 10 ₁ to 10 ₃ , when the received transmission preparation notification corresponds to the previously set route information, the bandwidth that can be secured at that time is determined by the transmission source and the transmission destination. Each of the _first to _third hosts 121 to 123 is notified as a free band notification. In FIG. 10, the first router 10
₁ free bandwidth notified from 72 ₁ to 72 _3, each free band notifying 73 _{1-73 3} from the second router 10 ₂ Re is it output.

The second and third hosts 12 as destinations
₂ and 12 ₃ are based on the free bandwidth notified from each router,
It is determined by referring to the respective application tables whether the bandwidth required by the application for which the route has been previously specified is sufficient. Then, when it is judged sufficient, it transmits the bandwidth allocation reservation notification to the first host 12 ₁ source. When it is determined that the bandwidth is not sufficient, the band securing is abandoned, and the fact is described in each MIB.
Register with. Such processing is performed for each destination host, and a bandwidth reservation notification is transmitted according to each routing table. In FIG. 10, a bandwidth reservation notification 74 ₁ is transmitted from the second host 12 ₂ and a bandwidth reservation notification 75 ₁ is transmitted from the third host 12 ₃ to the first host 12 ₁ . These bandwidth reservation reservation notifications are sent to the first routers 10 ₁ ,
It is sequentially relayed by the second router 10 ₂ (bandwidth allocation reservation notice 74 _2, 75 _2). From the first router 10 ₁ accommodating the first host 12 ₁ , they are transmitted as band reservation permits 74 ₃ and 75 ₃ , respectively.

At the time when the bandwidth reservation reservation notification is relayed, each router and host holds the amount of bandwidth secured for each application in each MIB. The band securing status held in the MIB as described above is notified to the NMS 13 in the trap process. Here, it is assumed that the bandwidth required by the application has been secured.
Even when the band cannot be secured, the fact is registered in each MIB and the NMS 13 is notified.

When the band reservation is made in this way, the IP packet data as real-time communication is transmitted from the _first host 121 ₁ to the transmission data 7 in accordance with an instruction from the application.
6 ₁ is sent out. Thereby, the multicast communication from the first host 12 ₁ to the second and third host 12 _2, 12 ₃ is started. This transmission data is also relayed one after another by the first router 10 ₁ and the second router 10 ₂ on the transfer path (transmission data 76 ₂ ), and the third router 1
0 ₃ is the accommodating second host 12 ₂ and third host 1
2 ₃ relays (transmission data _{763, 764).}

The destination second and third hosts 122,
At 123, the band reservation reservation state is periodically refreshed by each refresh unit even during communication (refresh period 77). That is, in order to release the bandwidth reservation once after the elapse of each predetermined timeout period, the bandwidth reservation release notifications 78 ₁ , 79 ₁
And it sends to the first host 12 _1. The bandwidth reservation cancellation notification, the first router 10 ₁ in each transfer path, are sequentially relayed by the second router 10 ₂ (bandwidth reservation release notification 78 _{2-78 3} 79 _{2-79 3).} First host 12 ₁ that has received the bandwidth reservation release notification releases the bandwidth reservation which has been secured, starts the bandwidth allocation processing described so far again when it is necessary to real-time communication application data again I do.

By the way, as a result of such a bandwidth securing process, the bandwidth securing status indicating whether or not each router and the host can secure the bandwidth required by the application is as follows.
Each is registered in the MIB. This M
The IB is a virtual database numbered and arranged on a tree so that the NMS can efficiently search and set management information on the network management system. This MIB
Has the NMS 13 as a manager, and each router and host have a common MIB. The details of what the NMS manages for each router and host are all defined by this MIB as a hierarchical array of numbers called an object identifier tree. This allows each device in the network management system to handle the MIB in common regardless of its manufacturer.

FIG. 11 shows an object identifier tree of the MIB in this embodiment. That is,
“CCITT” with “Root” as the top level
(0) ”in the already defined object identifier tree such as“ transmission ”
management information about the band securing status of the present embodiment is added to the “group)” group as an additional group 80. Among the additional groups 80, “ReserveTable” indicates which device holds the information about the band securing status. , “ReserveEntry” holds any information out of the information on the band securing status, and
"rveOperatorStatus" holds information for actually identifying the state.
The information held in the IB is configured to hold the state at the start of communication for securing a band and various states during communication. Specifically, the bandwidth secured at the start of communication, the state of securing the bandwidth, This includes the free bandwidth during communication and the delay time during communication. The MIB holding such information is possessed by each of the routers and the hosts.
The MS 13 can be notified. Alternatively, it can respond to a polling request from the NMS 13 or operate on a conventional SNMP.

For such an MIB, the NMS 13 on the manager side collects MIB information by SNMP with each router and host on the agent side. Since the information collection of the MIB by the SNMP is already known, the description is omitted here.
How to use IB collection for a network will be described.

FIG. 12 shows an MIB acquisition sequence in this embodiment. Here, a sequence between the NMS 13 as a manager and each router and host as an agent will be described. First, a real-time communication start instruction 9 from the application
If there is 0, it is assumed that the band securing process as shown in FIG. 10 has been performed and the necessary band securing 91 has been performed. Then, the band securing status is held in the MIB of each agent, and the status is notified to the NMS 13 by the trap notification 92 in the trap process. After bandwidth reservation 91 has already been performed,
Real-time communication is being performed. In response to the bandwidth polling request 93 from the NMS 13, each agent refers to the MIB and responds as a bandwidth notification 94
Is sent. Upon receiving this, the NMS 13 displays the secured bandwidth on a display device (not shown) (display 95), thereby notifying the network administrator of the network operation status. Thereafter, even when the data communication 96 in the real-time communication is being performed, the collection result is obtained by the response 98 of each agent vacant in response to the delay from the NMS and the polling request 97 for collecting the available bandwidth at that time. Is displayed (display 99).

Thereafter, when there is again a real-time communication start instruction 110 from the application, the band securing process as shown in FIG. 10 is performed, and it is assumed that the necessary band cannot be secured (bandwidth impossible 111). . Then, the band securing status is held in the MIB of each agent, and the status is notified to the NMS 13 by the trap notification 112 in the trap processing. According to the polling request 113 of the reserved bandwidth from the NMS 13, each agent
Referring to B, a response 114 is transmitted as a bandwidth notification.
Upon receiving this, the NMS 13 displays on the display device (not shown) that the band could not be secured. this is,
The free bandwidth is also displayed after collection. The network administrator or management application that saw such a display determines whether or not the specific application has been used for communication with available bandwidth,
If it is within the allowable range, a communication instruction in the available bandwidth is transmitted as an operator request. Here, it is assumed that this is an unacceptable range, and by changing the route to another route having the same source and destination, for example, a change in the routing table in each agent is instructed so that a necessary bandwidth can be secured. Shall be. So this NM
The operator change 115 performed in S13 is sent as a route change request 116 to each agent, and each agent changes 117 the routing table. With this change, the necessary band is secured and the communication start response 118 is sent. As described above, since the MIB of each agent is appropriately collected and appropriately changed to the network setting, a flexible network corresponding to a specific application can be constructed.

As described above, in the resource reservation apparatus according to the present embodiment, the first host 12 ₁ on the transmitting side sends a real-time response to the second or third host 12 ₂ , 12 ₃ on the transmitting side. Is transmitted. At this time, first, route information is set to a router and a destination host on a transfer path of an IP data packet to be transmitted, and a router or a destination host on the transfer path prepares for bandwidth reservation. Each host and router has an application table in which the bandwidth to be stored is stored in correspondence with the source and destination IP addresses and the transfer type. A router serving as a transfer path of an IP data packet to be transferred notifies the transmitting / receiving side of an available bandwidth that can be secured at the time of performing the bandwidth reservation preparation. Upon receiving this notification, the destination host sends a bandwidth reservation to the source host. First host 12 ₁ source receives this, with reference to their application table, to ensure a bandwidth corresponding to the transfer type of IP data packets to be sent, it will start transmission .
However, if it is determined that the required bandwidth cannot be secured,
Give up bandwidth reservation. Each host and router holds such a band securing status in the MIB and uses the conventional SNMP.
, The NMS 13 can perform collective management and easily issue a communication instruction or a routing change instruction in accordance with the band securing status. Also, since it can be implemented on the IP protocol used in the Internet, it can be widely used in existing router networks as in RSVP.

[0077]

As described above, according to the first or fifth aspect of the present invention, prior to transmission of data to be transmitted, transmission information on the data is transmitted, and the By referring to the stored data to be transmitted and the bandwidth to be secured, the data receiving apparatus performs the bandwidth securing processing on the data transmitting apparatus based on the free bandwidth from the relay apparatus. . As a result, an optimal communication band can be secured for each of the data receiving devices, and for example, multicast transfer can be performed in an appropriate communication band securing state. Also, if the transmission information is not only the type of the transmission data to be transmitted and the identification information of the transmission data in the transmission path but also the transmission preparation notification is made thereafter, an appropriate It is possible to secure the communication bandwidth or realize the maximum possible bandwidth guarantee (Qos).

According to the second or sixth aspect of the present invention, the network management is performed by maintaining the reservation status of the communication band corresponding to the type of data to be transmitted in the MIB and causing the NMS to collect it. It is possible to apply SNMP, which is a general protocol for the application. Then, appropriate measures such as, for example, a change in a route or a change in a communication bandwidth can be taken in accordance with the status of securing the collected communication band. Not only that, in the past, bandwidth was abandoned, but communication instructions with available bandwidth, management of available bandwidth thereafter to secure the required bandwidth, etc. Flexible communication bandwidth management can be performed, and a flexible system can be constructed. In this way, by resource reservation management, by integrating with the network management system that is indispensable for network operation,
The resources making up the network can be effectively used.

Further, according to the third or seventh aspect of the present invention, the management information to be held belongs to the transmission group of the object identifier tree of the MIB, thereby improving the compatibility with the conventional management system. be able to.

Further, according to the invention described in claim 4 or claim 8, by using IP packet data corresponding to the conventional IP protocol as communication data, it can be implemented on the IP protocol in the same manner as RSVP. IP
It can be widely applied to existing router networks as well as the Internet using protocols.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 illustrates an example of an I to which a resource reservation device according to an embodiment is applied.
FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram illustrating an outline of a configuration of a P data network.

FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram illustrating an outline of a main configuration of a first host that is a communication transmission source in the present embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a table configuration diagram illustrating an outline of storage contents of a routing table of a first host according to the embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a table configuration diagram showing an outline of storage contents of an application table of a first host in the embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating an outline of a bandwidth securing process of a first host according to the embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram illustrating an outline of a main configuration of a first router according to the embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing an outline of a bandwidth securing process of a first router in the embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a configuration diagram illustrating an outline of a main configuration of a second host serving as a communication destination according to the embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a flowchart illustrating an outline of a bandwidth securing process of a second host in the embodiment.

FIG. 10 is a sequence diagram showing a bandwidth securing sequence of the resource reservation device in the embodiment.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a structure of an object identifier tree of MIB in the embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a sequence diagram illustrating an MIB collection sequence according to the present embodiment.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 ₁ to 10 ₆ First to sixth router 11 ₁ , 11 ₃ Network bus 12 _{1 to} 12 ₃ First to third host 13 NMS 14 SNMP

Continued on front page F-term (reference) 5B089 GA01 GA21 GA31 HA05 HA10 HB06 JB22 KC15 KC49 KF03 KG08 5K030 GA14 HA08 HD03 HD06 JA10 KA05 LC09 MB16 MC09 5K033 AA01 CB06 CB08 DA05 DB12 DB16 DB18 DB20 EA07 EC04

Claims (8)

[Claims] A transmission information transmitting means for transmitting transmission information prior to transmission of transmission data to be transmitted to a transmission path; securing the communication band based on a bandwidth reservation reservation notification; A data transmission apparatus comprising: a communication band securing unit for transmitting the transmission data to the transmission line; and a relay unit comprising: a free bandwidth notification unit for notifying the free bandwidth of the transmission path based on the transmission information of the transmission data transmitted by the transmission information transmission unit. A storage unit in which a type of transmission data included in transmission information of the transmission data transmitted by the transmission information transmission unit and a bandwidth of the transmission path to be secured are stored in advance, Receiving the transmission information of the transmission data transmitted by the transmission information transmitting means, and storing the transmission information in association with the type of transmission data contained therein; A communication bandwidth for determining whether or not to secure a communication band based on the stored bandwidth of the transmission path to be secured and the available bandwidth of the transmission path notified by the available bandwidth notifying unit; Securing a communication band based on the vacant bandwidth and the bandwidth of the transmission path to be secured, and securing a bandwidth reservation when the communication bandwidth securing determining means determines that the communication band is to be secured. A resource receiving device comprising: a band securing reservation transmitting unit for transmitting a notification. 2. A management information holding means for holding, in a management information base, a status of securing a communication band of a transmission line in each of the communication band securing means and the bandwidth securing reservation sending means, and a management held by the management information holding means. 2. The resource reservation apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising management information collecting means for collecting information by a simple network management protocol. 3. The resource reservation apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the management information held by said management information holding means belongs to a transmission group of an object identifier tree of a management information base. 4. The resource reservation device according to claim 1, wherein said transmission data is IP packet data. 5. A transmission information transmission step of transmitting transmission information prior to transmission of transmission data transmitted from a data transmission device to a transmission path, and based on the transmission information of the transmission data transmitted in the transmission information transmission step. An idle bandwidth notifying step of notifying the idle bandwidth of the transmission path in the relay device, and the idle transmission bandwidth transmitted by the idle bandwidth notification step and the transmission information transmission step notified by the idle bandwidth notification step. Whether or not the data receiving apparatus secures a communication band based on the transmission information to be received and the bandwidth of the transmission path to be secured, which is stored in association with the type of transmission data included in the data. A communication band securing determination step of determining whether the communication band is secured by the communication band securing determination step. A band securing reservation sending step of sending a band securing reservation notification to the data transmitting device via the relay device while securing a predetermined communication band based on the available bandwidth and the bandwidth of the transmission path to be secured, A communication bandwidth securing step of securing the communication bandwidth based on the bandwidth securing reservation notification transmitted in the bandwidth securing reservation transmitting step and transmitting the transmission data from the data transmitting device to the transmission path. Resource reservation method. 6. A management information holding step of holding a status of securing a communication band of a transmission line in a management information base in each of the communication band securing step and the bandwidth securing reservation sending step, and a management held by the management information holding step. 6. The resource reservation method according to claim 5, further comprising a management information collecting step of collecting information by a simple network management protocol. 7. The resource reservation method according to claim 6, wherein the management information held in the management information holding step belongs to a transmission group of an object identifier tree of a management information base. 8. The resource reservation method according to claim 5, wherein said transmission data is IP packet data.