JP2000148273A - Monolever manipulating device for working vehicle and its operating method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a monolever manipulating device for the working vehicle and its operating method which give good fine operability to a monolever, reduces the fatigue even in long-time operation, and can improve the operability. SOLUTION: The monolever manipulating device for the working vehicle is equipped with an armrest added to a console and a monolever which is arranged in front of the armrest and rotated in the back-forth direction and right- left direction. In this case, when the monolever is operated in the right-left direction, the operation can be done with a constant distance from an operation fulcrum (P) below the elbow of the operator put on the armrest 10 to the grip of the monolever 20. The axis Q of a 1st rotary shaft 25 making the monolever 20 rotate in the right-left direction extends through nearby the operation fulcrum P on the armrest 10.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mono-lever control device for a work vehicle such as a bulldozer, and more particularly to a mono-lever control system for moving a transmission forward and backward and shifting the work vehicle from side to side in four directions. The present invention relates to a mono-lever operating device for a working vehicle, which is operable with a palm lever and is provided with a palm rest for supporting a palm on the mono-lever.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In work vehicles such as bulldozers, hydraulic excavators, mobile cranes, etc., it is common practice to operate the work machines simultaneously while running the vehicle to work efficiently. For this purpose, conventionally, an operation lever device has been developed that enables easy operation of the operation of the vehicle and the operation of the work equipment simultaneously, and also enables stable operation and operation against the vibration of the vehicle during traveling. As a countermeasure, a monolever steering device is often adopted.

FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining an example of a typical monolever steering device used in a conventional bulldozer (hereinafter, referred to as a work vehicle). FIG. 16 is a plan explanatory view and a side sectional view of the monolever steering device. Is shown. Hereinafter, description will be given with reference to FIG. The mono lever 95 is provided upright on a rotation shaft 96 for rotating in the front-rear direction. The mono lever 95 is rotatable in the left-right direction (in the drawing, a direction orthogonal to the paper surface), and the left-right rotation controls the left-right steering direction of the traveling device of the vehicle via a known link mechanism (not shown). The respective clutches and brakes of the respective steering devices (not shown) can be engaged and disengaged.
The mono lever 95 is rotatable in the front-rear direction (in the drawing, the left-right direction in the drawing), and the rotation in the front-rear direction engages and disengages the forward-reverse clutch of the transmission via the link 97 and Through the link 98, for example, the first speed of the transmission
One of the three speeds is engaged.

As shown in FIG. 16, by operating the mono lever 95 forward from the neutral position, the first forward speed (F
1), the second forward speed (F2) and the third forward speed (F3) can be sequentially operated, and by operating the lever 95 backward from the neutral position, the first reverse speed (R1) and the second reverse speed (R
2) and the third reverse speed (R3) can be sequentially operated. The operator places the armrest 90 below the arm elbow.
And operate the mono lever 95 forward, backward, left and right with the lower part of the elbow as an operation fulcrum P. The left-right rotation axis H0 of the mono lever 95 is set horizontally in the front-rear direction. By operating such a mono lever in the left-right direction with respect to the traveling direction of the work vehicle, the corresponding one side of the left and right steering devices of the vehicle is engaged with a clutch, and the other side is braked, The vehicle can be turned left or right. Further, the mono lever is operated in the front-rear direction with respect to the traveling direction of the work vehicle, so that the transmission can be changed in speed.

[0005]

However, the above-mentioned prior art monolever steering apparatus has the following problems. In the conventional mono-lever operating device shown in FIG. 16, the position of the operation fulcrum P (under the elbow) in a state where the operator rests the arm rest 90 on the elbow is above the rotation axis H0 of the turning operation of the mono lever 95. Therefore, when the vehicle is turned to the left or to the right, the left turning stroke end B from the operation fulcrum P to the distance A from the operation fulcrum P to the operation center point A of the grip of the mono lever 95 is determined.
To the point and from the operating fulcrum P to the right turning stroke end C
The distance between each point P-B and the point P-C up to the point changes. Therefore, the operator needs to shift the operation fulcrum P below the elbow during the turning operation. Therefore, there is a problem in that the operation of the mono lever 95 of the work vehicle that performs the civil engineering work lacks accuracy, and the fine operation cannot be performed. In addition, since the grip of the mono lever 95 has a substantially cylindrical shape oriented in the up-down direction, the hand may shift downward when the grip strength of the hand is weakened during a long operation, and therefore, the operator has to re-grip. There is also a problem that it is difficult to operate.

Also, the hand lever at the maximum stroke position in the left-right direction of the monolever operated with the operator's elbow resting on the upper surface of the armrest is large. In addition, the operability is not good, and fatigue due to long-time operation is great.

The present invention pays attention to the above-mentioned conventional problems, and provides good operability by using a mono-lever for running operations such as steering of a working vehicle and switching between forward and backward movement, and less fatigue even during long-time driving. It is an object of the present invention to provide a monolever operating device for a work vehicle with improved operability.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, an invention according to claim 1 includes a console box installed on one of the left and right sides of a driver's seat, and the upper surface of the console box. And a mono-lever for a working vehicle, comprising: a mono-lever provided in front of the arm-rest; When operating in the left-right direction, the steering device is configured such that the distance from the operation fulcrum P below the elbow of the operator hung on the armrest to the grip of the monolever is substantially constant. According to the first aspect of the present invention, when operated in the left-right direction, the distance from the operating fulcrum below the elbow of the operator to the grip of the monolever becomes substantially constant. The operation fulcrum does not shift. Thereby, since the operation fulcrum is stable and there is no swing of the arm, the operability is improved. Further, the fine operability is improved, and the operability can be improved with less fatigue even after a long operation.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the monolever operating device for a work vehicle according to the first aspect, the axis of the first rotation axis for rotating the monolever in the left-right direction is the elbow of the operator hung on the armrest. It is configured to pass near the lower operation fulcrum. According to the second aspect of the present invention, the axis of the rotation shaft in the left-right direction passes through the operation fulcrum below the elbow of the operator hung on the armrest. Thus, the locus drawn by the line connecting the operation fulcrum and the grip becomes a conical surface J having the operation fulcrum as the vertex. Therefore, the distance from the operation fulcrum to the grip becomes constant, and the operation fulcrum does not shift during the operation in the left-right direction. As a result, since the operation fulcrum is stable and there is no swing of the arm, the operability is improved. Further, the fine operability is improved, and the operability can be improved with less fatigue even after a long operation.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the monolever operating device for a working vehicle according to the second aspect, an upwardly protruding sidewall is formed on an outer portion of an upper surface of the armrest at least at a position where an elbow rests. I have. According to the third aspect of the present invention, at least the elbow of the operator is fixed by the sidewall, so that the operation of the mono lever can be performed stably and reliably even when the vehicle is vibrated. In addition, the side wall is forward from the elbow (forearm)
It is preferable to provide the arm over a predetermined length, so that the stability of the arm can be further increased.

The invention according to claim 4 is the invention according to claim 2 or 3.
In the mono-lever operating device for a work vehicle described above, the upper surface of the armrest is inclined at a predetermined angle from near the position where the operator's elbow is placed to the front. According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, when the mono lever is operated, the lower surface of the forearm portion in front of the elbow of the operator does not rub against the armrest, so that operability is good. In particular, operability can be improved during fine operation.

The invention described in claim 5 is the second or third invention.
In the monolever operating device for a working vehicle described in the above, the monolever integrally forms a palm rest that supports a palm below a grip, and at a neutral position, an upper end of the grip is such that the inside of the grip is more laterally than the outer side. At a predetermined angle α0 so as to be forward, and at an angle of about 30 ° to 45 ° toward the operator with respect to a horizontal plane. According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, by placing the lower part of the palm holding the grip on the palm rest, the operator only needs to grip the grip lightly. Therefore, the contact pressure applied to the hand can be reduced, and the burden on the operator is reduced. Further, in the neutral position, the upper end of the grip is inclined at a predetermined angle α0 (about 8 degrees) so that the inside of the grip is ahead of the outside with respect to the left-right direction, and about 30 ° to the operator with respect to the horizontal plane. Since it is tilted by 45 °, the state in which the grip is held becomes a natural hand posture. Therefore, the operator can easily operate the mono lever in a comfortable posture, less fatigue, and improve operability and workability.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the monolever operating device for a working vehicle according to the second aspect, the angle between the horizontal line and the palm line when the monolever is operated to the maximum stroke outward in the left-right direction is 90 degrees. ° or less, and the angle between the line of the palm and the horizontal plane when the maximum stroke operation is performed inward in the left-right direction is set to 0 ° or more. According to the invention described in claim 6, even if the mono lever is operated up to the maximum stroke end inside and outside in the left-right direction, the return to the inside or outside of the palm does not increase, so that the operation can be performed in a comfortable posture, and the operation can be performed. Performance can be improved.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the monolever operating device for a work vehicle according to the first aspect, a first rotation for rotating the monolever in the front-rear direction and a first rotation for rotating the monolever in the left-right direction are provided. It is arranged below the shaft, and the maximum stroke in the front-rear direction is smaller than the maximum stroke in the left-right direction. According to the seventh aspect of the invention, since the front-rear rotation shaft is disposed below the left-right rotation shaft, the front-rear rotation radius is larger than the left-right rotation radius. Moreover, since the maximum stroke in the front-rear direction is smaller than the maximum stroke in the left-right direction,
The grip at the time of rotation in the front-rear direction has a smaller amount of movement in the up-down direction than the rotation in the left-right direction, and performs linear movement.
Therefore, the forward / reverse switching operation is facilitated. Also,
Since the maximum stroke in the front-rear direction is smaller than the maximum stroke in the left-right direction as described above, even if the mono-lever is operated back and forth, the grip position does not deviate much from the neutral position, The relationship between the axis of the left-right rotation shaft and the operation fulcrum below the elbow does not change significantly.
As a result, even when the grip is operated in the left-right direction at the maximum stroke position in the front-rear direction, the left-right rotation trajectory of the grip draws an arc on the bottom surface of the cone with the operation fulcrum at the top, so that the operation fulcrum does not shift. Therefore, the mono lever can be operated stably.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the monolever operating device for a work vehicle according to the first aspect, a recess is formed in an outer portion of the console box along a front-rear direction. According to the invention as set forth in claim 8, the other remaining fingers (for example, four or three fingers other than the thumb) are put on the grip while the thumb is put on the grip, or the grip is held by the thumb and the forefinger, the middle finger, or the like. By applying the following to the concave portion, the hand is fixed, the operation amount can be easily adjusted by the fingertip, and the fine operability is improved. Further, since the entire forearm can be fixed from the elbow to the hand, even if the work vehicle vibrates, the body can be stably and reliably operated.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the monolever operating device for a working vehicle according to the eighth aspect, the recess of the console box is formed over a maximum stroke range when the monolever is switched between forward and backward. According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, with the thumb or the thumb and another finger attached to the mono lever, the remaining finger is hung on the concave portion over the maximum stroke range when the forward / backward switching operation of the mono lever is performed. Can be fixed. Therefore, at any position of the forward / reverse switching, the workability and the fine operability can be improved, and the body can be constantly stabilized during the operation of the work vehicle.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, a monolever provided in front of an armrest attached to an upper surface of a console box installed on one of the left and right sides of a driver's seat is provided.
In the operating method of the mono-lever steering device of the work vehicle, which performs the forward and backward switching and the steering operation of the work vehicle by performing the rotation operation in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction respectively, the operator's elbow is placed on the upper surface of the armrest, and Press the forearm along the provided sidewall, in this state, turn the palm diagonally downward on the driver's seat side, and hold the grip of the mono lever with the driver's seat side of the grip part forward from the outside, then At the time of forward / reverse switching, the mono lever is rotated in the forward / backward direction, and / or when the vehicle is steered, the mono lever is moved in the left / right direction. When performing fine operations while rotating while keeping the distance from the operation fulcrum below the elbow of the operator to the grip almost always constant, Attach any finger other than the thumb to the recess provided along the front-rear direction on the outside of the sole box, and operate the grip with at least the thumb or the thumb and the remaining fingers to operate the transmission. At the time of switching, a speed change switch disposed at the tip of the grip is operated by a thumb to change the speed.

According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, the forearm is pressed along the sidewall provided on the outer side of the upper surface of the armrest, so that the forearm is stabilized against vibration,
This improves operability. The grip is held with the palm directed obliquely downward on the driver's seat side and the driver's seat side (inside) of the grip portion is forward from the outside, so that the gripped state becomes a natural palm posture and a comfortable state. Can be operated with. Also, at the time of steering the vehicle, even if the mono lever is operated from the innermost maximum stroke position in the left-right direction to the outermost maximum stroke position, the palm is rotated within the range of 0 to 90 degrees. The palm does not return significantly. Therefore, the operation in the left-right direction can be performed easily. Furthermore, since the distance from the operation fulcrum below the elbow of the operator to the grip is always kept substantially constant and pivots in the left-right direction, the operation fulcrum does not shift, so the forearm is stabilized, and operability and workability are improved. I do. Also, when performing a fine operation, a finger or the like other than the thumb is hung on a recess provided along the front-rear direction on the outer side of the console box, and the grip is held at least by the thumb, or the thumb and the other remaining fingers. As a result, the operation can be performed by grasping, and thus the hand is stabilized, so that the fine operability can be improved, and the hand and body vibrations during vibration can be reduced. Further, since the speed stage switch is provided at the tip of the grip, the speed stage can be easily switched at the same time as performing forward / reverse switching and steering operation.

[0019]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a mono-lever operating device for a work vehicle according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to FIGS. First, a first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a side view of a work vehicle to which a monolever steering device according to the present invention is applied, and a bulldozer (hereinafter, referred to as a work vehicle) 1 will be described below as an example. In the figure, a work vehicle 1 has a lower traveling body 4 that can travel freely in a lower part, a vehicle body 2 is disposed above the lower traveling body 4, and a driver's cab 3 is mounted near the center rear of the vehicle body 2. A work machine 5 (blade) that can move up and down in front of the vehicle body 2
have.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the inside of the cab 3. A console box 1 is located on one of the left and right sides (the left side in the figure) of the driver's seat 3a disposed substantially in the center of the cab 3.
The armrest 10 is fixed from the center to the rear of the upper part of the console box 15. Above the console box 15 and in front of the armrest 10, a steering device (hereinafter referred to as a swing actuator), which will be described in detail later, and a mono lever 20 with a palm rest for operating the transmission are arranged. A console box 15a is provided on the other side (right side in the figure) of the driver's seat 3a.
An armrest 10a is fixedly provided near the upper inside of a, and a mono lever 21 with a palm rest for operating the work machine 5 is provided in front of the armrest 10a.

FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating the entirety of the monolever steering device according to the present invention. The monolever 20 integrally forms an operation grip portion and a palm rest 20A on which the lower end of the palm of the hand holding the operation grip portion is placed. Also, the rear surface of the tip of the operation grip portion (driver's seat 3a side)
A speed stage changeover switch 20a for shifting up or down the speed stage of the transmission is attached. The shift-up or shift-down operation signal output from the speed stage changeover switch 20a is input to the controller 70.

The mono-lever 20 can be operated in the left and right X0 directions and the forward and backward Y0 directions with respect to the traveling direction of the work vehicle. The X0 direction is a steering operation, and the Y0 direction is a forward / reverse switching operation. . The mono-lever 20 is a first rotating shaft 25
And the first rotating shaft 25 is connected to the first bearing member 2.
7, and one end of a first rotating shaft 25 is provided with a rotating gear 2.
6 is fixed. By rotating the mono lever 20 around the first rotation shaft 25 in the X0 direction, the rotation gear 26
Are rotated at the same angle in accordance with the rotation angle of the first rotation shaft 25 in the X0 direction.

Two potentiometers 53 and 54 for detecting the rotation angle in the X0 direction, ie, the amount of steering operation, are connected to the rotation gear 26 via gears mounted on the respective input shafts. In FIG. 3, the two potentiometers 53 and 54 detect the left steering operation amount or the right steering operation amount of the mono lever 20, respectively, and simultaneously detect the rotation angle in the X0 direction. Although it suffices to provide the two potentiometers 53 and 54 in the present embodiment, it is for improving reliability. That is, when one of the potentiometers fails, the other potentiometer covers the function of detecting the failed one. The rotation angle signals of the potentiometers 53 and 54 are input to the controller 70.

The first bearing member 27 shown in FIG. 3 is connected to a second rotating shaft 29 via a connecting member 28. The second rotating shaft 29 is supported by a second bearing member 30. By rotating the monolever 20 in the forward and backward Y0 directions with respect to the traveling direction of the work vehicle, the second rotating shaft 29 is rotated. It rotates in the Y0 direction as the center. A swing arm 31 that is swingable in the front-rear direction is connected to one end of the second rotation shaft 29. The swing arm 31 swings the monolever 20 in the front-back Y0 direction. At the forward position (F), a forward recognition micro switch 50 (hereinafter, referred to as a detection switch 50) is operated, and at the reverse position (R), the reverse recognition micro switch 52 (hereinafter, referred to as a detection switch 52). Is activated. At the neutral position (N) of the mono lever 20, the swing arm 31 activates a neutral recognition micro switch 51 (hereinafter, referred to as a detection switch 51). The signals of these detection switches 50, 51, 52 are sent to the controller 70
Is being entered.

The controller 70 has an arithmetic unit composed of a computer device such as a microcomputer, for example, and includes a signal input unit, an arithmetic unit, and a command signal output unit (not shown). The controller 70 receives and calculates the left steering operation amount signal and the right steering operation amount signal from the potentiometers 53 and 54, and sends a left steering command signal to the turning actuator 75 according to the steering operation amount signal in each direction. And a right steering command signal. Swing actuator 7
5 controls the engagement and disengagement of the left and right steering clutches (not shown) and the braking force of the brake based on the left steering command signal and the right steering command signal. The steering is turned off and the vehicle turns left or right. By operating the mono lever 20 in the X0 direction, the clutch and brake of the swing actuator 75 are controlled.

The controller 70 receives a shift-up signal or a shift-down signal from the speed gear changeover switch 20a and a forward / reverse changeover signal from one of the detection switches 50, 51, 52, and calculates the result. Based on the transmission, a transmission actuator 80 including a forward clutch, a speed gear clutch, etc.
To output a command signal. For example, the speed gear changeover switch 2
0a is shifted down to 1st gear and the mono lever 20
Is operated in the forward direction in the Y0 direction, the first forward speed is established, and when the mono lever 20 is operated in the backward direction in the Y0 direction, the first forward speed is established. When shifting up from this state, the speed stage changeover switch 20a is operated to shift up to the second speed or the third speed, and when the mono lever 20 is operated forward in the Y0 direction, the second forward speed or the third forward speed is set. When the vehicle is operated to the rear in the Y0 direction, the reverse speed becomes the second reverse speed or the third reverse speed. The speed stage changeover switch 20a includes a shift-up switch and a shift-down switch each having a seesaw-type operation button, as will be described in detail later. Upshifting or downshifting of the transmission can be easily performed.

FIG. 4 is a view for explaining the main part of the monolever operating device according to the present invention. The link mechanism of the monolever steering device will be described later in detail with reference to FIG. In the figure, a base 61 of a monolever control device is attached to the front of the console box 15. The second bearing member 30 is attached to the upper portion of the base 61, and the second rotating shaft 2 is attached to both left and right end portions of the second bearing member 30.
9 is rotatably supported in the front-rear direction. Also, the second
A detent 35 is attached to one of the left and right ends of the rotating shaft 29 so that the forward position, the neutral position, and the reverse position of the mono lever 20 when the forward / reverse switching operation is performed can be easily understood by the operator. On the side of this detent 3
Five detent receiving members 36 are attached. Further, the second rotating shaft 29 is connected to the first bearing member 27. The first bearing member 27 supports the first rotating shaft 25 so as to be swingable in the left-right direction. 25 is connected to the lower part of the mono lever 20. Potentiometers 53 and 54 are attached to a front portion of the first bearing member 27. As will be described in detail later, a gear attached to the potentiometers 53 and 54 and a gear attached to the first rotary shaft 25 are provided. And the left and right swing angles of the mono lever 20 are detected by the potentiometers 53 and 54. A palm rest 20 </ b> A is integrally formed below the mono lever 20.

An armrest 10 is attached to the upper surface of the console box 15, and a sidewall 10 a protruding upward is provided outside the upper surface of the armrest 10.
The operator places the elbow on the armrest 10, presses the elbow forward along the side wall 10a, and grasps the grip of the mono lever 20 with the hand. In a state where the forward / reverse switching is performed by gripping the grip of the mono lever 20 at the neutral position, the first rotation shaft 25 is moved so that the axis of the first rotation shaft 25 substantially passes through the operation fulcrum P (position below the elbow) of the operator's hand. The inclination angle of one rotation shaft 25 with respect to the horizontal plane is set. That is, when an operator having a hand with a standard upper arm length (the length from the operation fulcrum P to the center of the palm) grips the mono lever 20 at the forward / reverse switching neutral position, the rotation of the first rotary shaft 25 of the mono lever 20 is started. The first rotating shaft 25 is moved so that the line connecting the moving fulcrum 25a and the operating fulcrum P substantially coincides with the axis Q of the first rotating shaft 25.
The inclination angle .alpha.1 between the axis of the shaft and the horizontal line R extending horizontally in the front-rear direction from the rotation fulcrum 25a is set. The present inventors have confirmed through experiments that the operability is good when the inclination angle α1 is set to about 10 degrees. In the forward / reverse switching operation, the operation amount of the mono lever 20 is set at a predetermined operation angle α4 from the neutral position to the forward position, and the operation amount from the neutral position to the reverse position is set at a predetermined operation angle α5. The predetermined operation angles α4 and α5 are set such that the maximum stroke during the forward / reverse switching operation is smaller than the maximum stroke during the left / right operation. As shown in FIG. 4, the upper surface of the armrest 10 in front of the vicinity of the operation fulcrum P is inclined forward and downward substantially in accordance with the predetermined inclination angle α1. Further, the base 61 is held so that the arm is substantially horizontal with the mono lever 20 held.
The height from the grip to the mono lever 20 is set.

This allows the operator to operate the mono lever 20
Since the rotation center of the mono lever 20 (that is, the first rotation shaft 25) when the steering operation is performed in the left-right direction passes through the operation fulcrum P, the operation fulcrum P and the grip portion (palm center position) of the mono lever 20 The path of a straight line connecting the two has a shape substantially equal to a conical shape having the first rotation shaft 25 as an axis. This means that the distance between the operation fulcrum P and the grip portion of the monolever 20 does not substantially change even when the monolever 20 is operated, and the operator operates the operation fulcrum P in the left-right direction without moving the position of the operation fulcrum P. I can do it. Further, the operation is easy because the arm can be operated in a substantially horizontal state.

Next, a main link mechanism and the like of the monolever operating device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 5 is a plan view of the monolever steering device. A palm rest 20A on which the lower part of the palm rests is integrally formed below the monolever 20. The mono lever 20 is connected to the first rotation shaft 25 at a position of a rotation fulcrum 25a. In FIG.
And the center line S passing through the center of the mono lever 20 is
The mono lever 20 is inclined by a predetermined angle α0 with respect to a horizontal line R passing through the rotation fulcrum 25a and in the horizontal direction so that the operator's front side of the mono lever 20 faces the driver's seat side, that is, the inside of the grip is forward from the outside. are doing. The axis Q of the first rotation shaft 25 forms a predetermined inclination angle αa with respect to a line M passing through the rotation fulcrum 25a and extending in the vehicle front-rear direction. As described above, since the grip of the mono lever 20 is inclined at a predetermined angle α0 with respect to the left and right direction, the palm when gripping the grip is turned to the driver's seat side to be in a natural palm direction, and the left and right rotation is performed. Since the direction of the moving axis is arranged at a predetermined angle αa with respect to the front-rear direction, the mono lever 20 can be easily operated in the left-right direction while holding the grip in the natural palm posture as described above. I have. The present inventors have confirmed through experiments that a good operational feeling can be obtained when the predetermined angle α0 is set to about 8 degrees and the predetermined angle αa is set to about 4 degrees.

FIG. 6 is a view as viewed in the direction Z in FIG. 5, as viewed from the front of the driver's seat. In the same figure, the mono lever 20 is shown in FIG.
5 can be operated in the left-right direction about a rotation fulcrum 25a of the first rotation shaft 25. The upper end of the grip at the neutral position of the mono lever 20 is inclined at a predetermined angle (for example, about 30 ° to 45 °) with respect to the horizontal plane toward the operator. The maximum operation angle from the neutral position of the mono lever 20 to the right turning stroke end position C is set to a predetermined angle α2, and the maximum operation angle from the neutral position to the left turning stroke end position B is set to a predetermined angle α3. I have. The predetermined angle α2 and the predetermined angle α3 are between 0 ° and 90 ° with respect to the horizontal plane when the palm is operated in the range from the innermost maximum stroke end position C to the outermost maximum stroke end position B in the left-right direction. Is set to In addition, a concave portion 20C for hanging a thumb on the grip portion of the monolever 20 is formed. In the experiments of the present inventors, good results were obtained by setting the predetermined angles α2 and α3 to about 30 degrees. Thus, the posture in which the grip of the mono-lever 20 is grasped becomes the natural posture of the palm, so that the operator can operate in a comfortable state. Further, the mono lever 20 is moved in the left-right direction to the maximum stroke end position B,
Even if the operation is performed up to C, the palm does not face the opposite hand direction from the horizontal direction and does not face upward from the vertical state, so that the return of the palm does not increase and the operability of the mono lever 20 is good. Further, since the concave portion 20C for hanging the thumb is formed on the grip portion of the monolever 20, the operation of the monolever 20 can be stably performed even when the work vehicle vibrates.

A tension spring 26A is mounted between two rotary gears 26, 26 (details will be described later with reference to FIG. 11) mounted on the front end of the first rotary shaft 25. Note that components denoted by other reference numerals are denoted by the same reference numerals in FIG. 4, and description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 7 is a side view as seen from the Y side in FIG. 6, as viewed from the operator side. In FIG.
A speed stage changeover switch 20a for shifting up or down the transmission is arranged at the tip of the grip portion. This speed stage changeover switch 20
a is constituted by a seesaw type changeover switch,
At the center of the operation button is provided a raised portion having a predetermined height, and above and below the raised portion are provided shift-up and shift-down operating portions, respectively. Inside the mono lever 20, a shift-up switch and a shift-down switch (not shown) which are operated by turning on / off each operation unit are built in, and signals of the switches are input to the controller 70 via a cable (not shown). I have. Also,
The mono lever 20 is connected to the first rotation shaft 25 via a connecting member 20B. The axis Q of the first rotation shaft 25 when the mono lever 20 is in the neutral position and the horizontal line R extending horizontally in the front-rear direction from the rotation fulcrum 25a form a predetermined inclination angle α1 as described above. Also, the second bearing member 3
A swing arm 31 is attached to an end surface (here, a right end surface) of the second rotation shaft 29 that is supported by the shaft 0. The detection switch 5 is provided on the side surface of the base 61 via a mounting plate 55.
0, 51, 52 are attached. By operating the mono lever 20 forward with respect to the traveling direction of the work vehicle, the swing arm 31 activates the transmission forward detection switch 50, and by operating the mono lever 20 rearward, the reverse detection switch is operated. When the lever 52 is operated and the mono lever 20 is returned to the neutral position, the neutral position detection switch 51 is operated. The signals from these detection switches 50, 51, 52 are input to the controller 70 shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a view as viewed in the direction X in FIG. 6, and is a view as seen from the outside (here, left side) of the driver's seat. FIG. 9 is a view as viewed in the direction of the axis Q of the first rotation shaft 25 in FIG. 8 and is an explanatory view of a main part of the first bearing member 27. In these drawings, the same components as those in the above-described drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. The swing arm 32 shown in FIG. 9 has a central portion connected to the end face of the first rotation shaft 25, and is attached such that the arms on both sides thereof are substantially horizontal in the left-right direction. A pair of left and right spring boxes 33, 33 is attached to the rear side surface of the first bearing member 27 via a mounting plate 27a. Each spring box 33 has two types of springs 33b, 3 having different urging forces.
A push member 33a urged upward by 3c is housed therein, and a pair of left and right spring boxes 33, 33 is pivoted by the respective push members 33a, 33a.
Of both arms are pressed upward. This allows
The pair of left and right spring boxes 33, 33 can apply a predetermined change in operating force at the time of turning the mono lever 20 left and right, for example, so that the operating position at which the clutch or brake starts to work can be known. And
Further, when returning the mono lever 20 to the neutral position, the neutral position is reliably defined by the urging forces from both the left and right directions, so that the operability can be improved.

Next, the appearance of the monolever operation device will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 (a), 10 (b) and 10 (c). The armrest 10 is fixed on the upper part of the console box 15. In front of the armrest 10,
A palm lever 20A is integrally formed, and a mono lever 20 provided with a speed-gear changeover switch 20a for operating up-shift or down-shift of the transmission gear is provided. At the front of the console box 15, a recess 15b is formed on the outer side surface of the driver's seat along the front-rear direction. The length of the concave portion 15b in the front-rear direction is formed to be substantially the same as the maximum stroke in the front-rear direction from the forward position to the reverse position when the mono lever 20 is switched between forward and backward. With this, when the mono lever 20 is operated to switch the transmission forward or backward, the mono lever 20 is held with, for example, the thumb, the index finger and the middle finger, and the remaining fingers The hand can be fixed by hooking the tips of (for example, the ring finger and the little finger) on the concave portion 15b.
Therefore, the body can be stabilized at all times during the operation of the work vehicle, and the mono lever 20 can be stably operated even if the work vehicle vibrates.

Next, an exploded view of the link mechanism of the monolever steering device according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. A palm lever 20A for supporting the palm is integrally formed, and a mono lever 20 having a speed stage changeover switch 20a for switching a speed stage of the transmission is provided. The mono lever 20 is connected to a protruding portion 25A of the first rotation shaft 25 via a connecting member 20B. Both ends of the first rotating shaft 25 are provided with bearing flanges 2.
5b and 25c respectively. Bearing flange 25
A rotating gear 26 composed of one rotating gear 26a of a pair of left and right gears and the other rotating gear 26b is rotatably attached to the connecting member 25d attached to the connecting member 25d. A pair of left and right stoppers 26c, 2 is provided at the lower center of the connecting member 25d.
6c is fixedly provided. On the front end face of the first rotating shaft 25,
A turning member 2 having an arm 25e provided to protrude forward at a position radially away from the turning center axis by a predetermined length.
5 g are installed. The arm 25e is located inside a pair of left and right rotation gears 26a and 26b,
In addition, the distal end portion is set so as to be able to engage with the inner end surfaces of both gears, and the arm 25e engages the rotating gear 26a or the rotating gear 26b with the rotation of the first rotating shaft 25. It is designed to rotate. Left and right pair of rotating gears 26
a and the rotating gear 26b are a pair of left and right stoppers 2 respectively.
6c, 26c is rotatable on one side, and the rotating gear 26a
Is rotated from the left side to the lower center in the drawing, the inner end face thereof hits the stopper 26c and stops, and does not further rotate to the right side. Similarly, when the rotating gear 26b rotates from the right side to the lower center in the drawing, its inner end surface hits the stopper 26c and stops, and does not further rotate to the left. A tension spring 26A is attached between the two rotating gears 26a, 26b, and when either one of the two rotating gears 26a, 26b rotates in a direction away from each other, the tension spring 26A returns to the original position. In this case, the rotating gears 26a and 26b can be smoothly returned while being brought into contact with the arm 25e when returning.

The other end of the first rotating shaft 25 is connected to the bearing flange 2.
5c, the swing arm 32 is attached to the rear end face. With the front and rear portions of the first rotating shaft 25 rotatably fitted in the bearing flanges 25b and 25c, respectively, the shaft support portions of the bearing flanges 25b and 25c are paired with the front and rear concave portions 27C of the first bearing member 27. , 27C. The mounting portions of the bearing flanges 25b and 25c
Each is fastened to the front and rear surfaces of the first bearing member 27 with a bolt or the like. Supports 27 </ b> A and 27 </ b> A provided with screw holes are provided on the side surface of the first bearing member 27 on one side in the front-rear direction (here, front side).
A and 27B are fixed. The two potentiometers 53 and 54 for detecting the amount of turning operation in the left-right direction are
The rotation gear 26 is connected via a gear attached to the rotation shaft.
a and 26b are engaged with the support 27, respectively.
A, 27A, 27B are attached using fastening members such as bolts. Thus, when the mono lever 20 is rotated in the left-right direction, the rotation angles of the rotation gears 26a, 26b are detected by the potentiometers 53, 54, respectively, and the respective detection signals are input to the controller 70 shown in FIG. You. A connecting member 28 is attached to the bottom of the first bearing member 27. The upper part of the mounting plate 27a is attached to the other (here, rear) side surface of the first bearing member 27,
The lower portion of the mounting plate 27a is attached to the connecting member 28. Spring boxes 33, 33 are attached to the mounting plate 27a. The spring boxes 33, 33 are attached so that the respective pressing members 33a, 33a contact the left and right ends of the swing arm 32.

The first bearing member 27 is connected to a second rotating shaft 29 via a connecting member 28. With the bearing flanges 29a and 29b fitted in the left and right ends of the second rotating shaft 29, the bearings of the bearing flanges 29a and 29b are mounted in the left and right recesses 30A of the second bearing member 30, respectively. The two rotation shafts 29 are supported by the second bearing member 30. Bearing flange 2
The mounting portions 9 a and 29 b are attached to the left and right side surfaces of the second bearing member 30. The second projecting from the bearing flange 29a
A swing arm 31 is attached to one end surface of the rotating shaft 29, and a detent 35 is attached to the other end surface of the coaxial 29 protruding from the bearing flange 29b. Also, the second bearing member 3
Reference numeral 0 is attached to a base 61, and the base 61 is attached to a bottom plate 60 of the console box. Base 61
The detection switch 5 is mounted on one side of the
0, 51, and 52 are provided, and the detection switches 50, 51, and 5 are provided at predetermined positions when the swing arm 31 swings.
The mounting position is set so as to come into contact with 2. Further, a detent receiving member 36 is provided on the other side of the base 61 for engaging the detent 35 to position the mono lever 20 in the forward, backward and neutral operation positions.

Next, a second embodiment of the monolever steering device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 12 is a side view of the monolever steering device according to the present embodiment, and shows an example in which, compared to the configuration described in the first embodiment, the rotation gear 26 is configured with one and the tension spring 26A is omitted. ing. Except for this, the configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment. A configuration in which the rotation gear 26 is constituted by one will be described with reference to an exploded view of a link mechanism shown in FIG. In the following, only the configuration different from that of the first embodiment will be described, and components denoted by the same reference numerals as those of the other first embodiments will be the same components and will not be described. One end side (the front end side in this example) of the first rotating shaft 25 is rotatably fitted into a bearing flange 25b, and a rotating gear 26 is attached to an end face protruding from the flange 25b. . This rotating gear 26
Is used to connect the first rotating shaft 25 to a pair of bearing flanges 25b, 25b.
The first potentiometer 27 is rotatably supported via a pair c. The first bearing 27 is attached to one side surface (in this example, the front surface) of the first bearing member 27 in a state in which the two potentiometers 53 and 54 are engaged. First
The left-right rotation angle of the rotation shaft 25, that is, the left-right rotation operation amount of the mono lever 20 is detected by the two potentiometers 53 and 54, respectively. In the present embodiment, since the left and right turning operation amount of the mono lever 20 is detected by one rotation gear 26, the function of detecting the left and right turning operation amount can be satisfied if there is originally one potentiometer. The reason why two potentiometers 53 and 54 are provided is to provide a safety design in which when one of the potentiometers fails, the left / right turning operation amount can be detected based on a signal from the other potentiometer. is there. Further, since the number of the rotation gear 26 is one compared to the first embodiment, the number of components is small, and the configuration is simplified.

As described above, the essential parts of the monolever steering device according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 4A and FIG. Figure 1
5 will be described. FIG. 14A shows a plan view when the mono lever is operated, and FIG. 14B shows a three-dimensional view when the mono lever is operated. As shown in FIG. 14B, with the operator's elbow placed on the armrest 10 and the grip portion of the mono lever 20 held, as described in FIG. 4, the rotation fulcrum 25a of the first rotation shaft 25 and the lower part of the elbow are used. Is substantially coincident with the axis Q of the first rotating shaft 25. That is, the angle formed by the line connecting the rotation fulcrum 25a of the first rotation shaft 25 and the operation fulcrum P below the elbow with the horizontal line R is the first angle.
The axis Q of the rotation shaft 25 is set so as to be substantially equal to the inclination angle α1 formed with the horizontal line R. Thereby, when the mono lever 20 is turned left and right, the trajectory of a straight line connecting the center of the grip portion (the center of the palm) and the operation fulcrum P below the elbow has the operation fulcrum P as the vertex and the first trajectory. It becomes a conical surface J with the rotation fulcrum 25a of the dynamic shaft 25 as the center point of the bottom surface. This means that the distance from the center of the grip portion to the operation fulcrum P below the elbow during the left-right turning operation is constant. That is, as shown in FIG. 14A, the mono lever 20 is moved from the neutral position A to the left turning stroke end position B,
Alternatively, when the lever 20 is operated from the neutral position to the right turning stroke end position C, there is no change in the linear distance between the line segments PA, PB and PC. Therefore, even if the mono lever 20 is operated left and right, there is no need to move the operation fulcrum P below the elbow, so that fine operability is improved, and furthermore, fatigue is reduced and operability is improved even when driving for a long time.

FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining the operation when the palm is set on the palm rest 20A of the monolever 20 and the mono lever 20 is operated in the left-right direction. The angle α6 formed by the palm line N and the horizontal horizontal line R passing through the rotation fulcrum 25a of the first rotation shaft 25 when the monolever 20 is operated out of the driver's seat (to the right in the drawing) at the maximum stroke. Less than 90 °, that is, so that the palm does not turn upward during the maximum maximum stroke,
It is set so that the return of the palm does not become large. Also,
The angle α7 formed by the palm line G and the horizontal line R (equivalently compared with the horizontal line H in the figure) when the mono lever 20 is operated to the maximum stroke inside the driver's seat is greater than 0 °. 20 is set so that the return to the inside of the palm does not increase even if the maximum stroke is operated inward. Thus, the operability at the time of the left-right operation is good.

As described above, according to the mono-lever operating device for a work vehicle according to the present invention, even if the operator operates the mono-lever in the left-right direction with the arm rest on the armrest, the operating fulcrum P below the elbow and the mono-lever can be moved. Since the distance from the grip portion does not change, there is no need to shift the operation fulcrum P below the elbow during left and right operations. Therefore, since the operation is always performed with the arm stabilized, fine operability can be improved, and fatigue can be reduced even when driving for a long time, thereby improving operability.

Also, since a concave portion is formed in the outer portion of the console box along the front-rear direction, at least the thumb is placed on the mono lever, or one of the thumb and another finger (for example, the index finger and the middle finger) is placed on the mono lever. The tip of the other remaining finger can be hung on this recess to fix the arm.
As a result, the hand is fixed, so that the operation amount at the time of the fine operation can be easily adjusted, the fine operability is improved, and the body can be stabilized even when the work vehicle vibrates. Can be improved. Furthermore, since the concave portion of the console box is formed with respect to the traveling direction of the work vehicle, the mono lever is formed over a maximum stroke range in the front-rear direction of operating the transmission forward or backward, so that the mono lever is moved before or after operating the transmission forward or backward. Over the range of the maximum stroke in the direction, the recess can be used to lock the arm and operate the monolever. Therefore, the body can be constantly stabilized during operation of the work vehicle, and operability can be improved.

Further, since the armrest is formed with a raised sidewall on the outer side of the upper surface, by fixing the operator's elbow with the sidewall, the hand can be further stabilized against the vibration of the vehicle, and the mono lever The operation can be performed reliably.

Furthermore, since the palm lever is integrally formed with the palm rest, which supports the operator's palm downward at a predetermined angle, the palm can be hung on the palm rest in a natural orientation. In addition, since the concave portion for hanging the thumb is formed in the grip portion, the mono lever can be operated stably even when the work vehicle vibrates.

The mono lever is arranged so that the palm does not face upward when the mono lever is operated to the maximum stroke outward in the left-right direction, and the palm is above the horizontal plane when the mono lever is operated maximum stroke in the left and right direction. Like that. Therefore, even if the mono lever is operated up to the maximum stroke end in the left-right direction, the return to the inside or outside of the palm does not increase, so that the mono lever can always be operated in a stable state.

Further, the armrest is formed so as to be inclined by a predetermined angle from the operating fulcrum P below the elbow of the operator to the front, so that the lower surface of the forearm can touch the armrest when the mono lever is rotated left and right. Since there is no operation, the operation of the mono-lever can be easily performed without interrupting the operation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of an example of a work vehicle to which a monolever steering device according to the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a cab.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the entirety of a first embodiment of a monolever steering device for a work vehicle according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the mono-lever steering device of the work vehicle.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of the monolever operating device of the work vehicle.

FIG. 6 is a Z view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a Y view of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is an X view of FIG. 6;

9 is a view as viewed in the direction V in FIG.

FIG. 10 (a) shows the appearance of the monolever steering device in plan view, FIG. 10 (b) shows the appearance of U in FIG.
(C) shows the appearance in T view of (a).

FIG. 11 is an exploded view of the link mechanism of the monolever steering device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a side view of a monolever steering device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is an exploded view of a link mechanism of the monolever steering device according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a view for explaining the operation of the monolever steering device for a work vehicle according to the present invention, wherein (a) is a plan view,
(B) is a three-dimensional view.

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the palm rest of the monolever steering device according to the present invention.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory view of a conventional monolever steering device for a work vehicle, wherein (a) is a plan explanatory view and (b) is a side sectional view.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 ... armrest, 10a ... sidewall, 15 ...
Console box, 15b recess, 20 mono lever, 20A palm rest, 20C recess, 20a speed switch, 25 rotation shaft, 25a rotation fulcrum, 26a, 26b, 26 rotation gear, 27: first bearing member, 29: second rotating shaft, 30: second bearing member, 31,
32 ... swing arm, 33 ... spring box, 35 ...
Detent, 36 ... Detent receiving member, 50, 51, 52
... Detection switch, 53, 54 ... Potentiometer, P ...
Operation fulcrum.

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] August 30, 1999 (1999.8.3)
0)

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Full text

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[Document Name] Statement

[Title of the Invention] A monolever steering device for a work vehicle and a method of operating the same

[Claims]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mono-lever control device for a work vehicle such as a bulldozer, and more particularly to a mono-lever control system for moving a transmission forward and backward and shifting the work vehicle from side to side in four directions. The present invention relates to a mono-lever operating device for a working vehicle, which is operable with a palm lever and is provided with a palm rest for supporting a palm on the mono-lever.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In work vehicles such as bulldozers, hydraulic excavators, mobile cranes, etc., it is common practice to operate the work machines simultaneously while running the vehicle to work efficiently. For this purpose, conventionally, an operation lever device has been developed that enables easy operation of the operation of the vehicle and the operation of the work equipment simultaneously, and also enables stable operation and operation against the vibration of the vehicle during traveling. As a countermeasure, a monolever steering device is often adopted.

FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining an example of a typical monolever steering device used in a conventional bulldozer (hereinafter, referred to as a work vehicle). FIG. 16 is a plan explanatory view and a side sectional view of the monolever steering device. Is shown. Hereinafter, description will be given with reference to FIG. The mono lever 95 is provided upright on a rotation shaft 96 for rotating in the front-rear direction. The mono lever 95 is rotatable in the left-right direction (in the drawing, a direction orthogonal to the paper surface), and the left-right rotation controls the left-right steering direction of the traveling device of the vehicle via a known link mechanism (not shown). The respective clutches and brakes of the respective steering devices (not shown) can be engaged and disengaged.
The mono lever 95 is rotatable in the front-rear direction (in the drawing, the left-right direction in the drawing), and the rotation in the front-rear direction engages and disengages the forward-reverse clutch of the transmission via the link 97 and Through the link 98, for example, the first speed of the transmission
One of the three speeds is engaged.

As shown in FIG. 16, by operating the mono lever 95 forward from the neutral position, the first forward speed (F
1), the second forward speed (F2) and the third forward speed (F3) can be sequentially operated, and by operating the lever 95 backward from the neutral position, the first reverse speed (R1) and the second reverse speed (R
2) and the third reverse speed (R3) can be sequentially operated. The operator places the armrest 90 below the arm elbow.
And operate the mono lever 95 forward, backward, left and right with the lower part of the elbow as an operation fulcrum P. The left-right rotation axis H0 of the mono lever 95 is set horizontally in the front-rear direction. By operating such a mono lever in the left-right direction with respect to the traveling direction of the work vehicle, the corresponding one side of the left and right steering devices of the vehicle is engaged with a clutch, and the other side is braked, The vehicle can be turned left or right. Further, the mono lever is operated in the front-rear direction with respect to the traveling direction of the work vehicle, so that the transmission can be changed in speed.

[0005]

However, the above-mentioned prior art monolever steering apparatus has the following problems. In the conventional mono-lever operating device shown in FIG. 16, the position of the operation fulcrum P (under the elbow) in a state where the operator rests the arm rest 90 on the elbow is above the rotation axis H0 of the turning operation of the mono lever 95. Therefore, when the vehicle is turned to the left or to the right, the left turning stroke end B from the operation fulcrum P to the distance A from the operation fulcrum P to the operation center point A of the grip of the mono lever 95 is determined.
To the point and from the operating fulcrum P to the right turning stroke end C
The distance between each point P-B and the point P-C up to the point changes. Therefore, the operator needs to shift the operation fulcrum P below the elbow during the turning operation. Therefore, there is a problem in that the operation of the mono lever 95 of the work vehicle that performs the civil engineering work lacks accuracy, and the fine operation cannot be performed. In addition, since the grip of the mono lever 95 has a substantially cylindrical shape oriented in the up-down direction, the hand may shift downward when the grip strength of the hand is weakened during a long operation, and therefore, the operator has to re-grip. There is also a problem that it is difficult to operate.

Also, the hand lever at the maximum stroke position in the left-right direction of the monolever operated with the operator's elbow resting on the upper surface of the armrest is large. In addition, the operability is not good, and fatigue due to long-time operation is great.

The present invention pays attention to the above-mentioned conventional problems, and provides good operability by using a mono-lever for running operations such as steering of a working vehicle and switching between forward and backward movement, and less fatigue even during long-time driving. It is an object of the present invention to provide a monolever operating device for a work vehicle with improved operability.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems, functions and effects in order to achieve the above object, an invention according to claim 1, <br/> attached to console installed in at least any one side of the left and right of the driver's seat When operating in the left-right direction, a mono-lever control device for a work vehicle, comprising: The distance from the operation fulcrum P below the elbow of the operator hung on the upper side to the grip of the monolever is made substantially constant and operable. According to the first aspect of the present invention, when operated in the left-right direction, the distance from the operating fulcrum below the elbow of the operator to the grip of the monolever becomes substantially constant. The operation fulcrum does not shift. Thereby, since the operation fulcrum is stable and there is no swing of the arm, the operability is improved. Further, the fine operability is improved, and the operability can be improved with less fatigue even after a long operation.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the monolever operating device for a work vehicle according to the first aspect, the axis of the first rotation axis for rotating the monolever in the left-right direction is the elbow of the operator hung on the armrest. It is configured to pass near the lower operation fulcrum. According to the second aspect of the present invention, the axis of the rotation shaft in the left-right direction passes through the operation fulcrum below the elbow of the operator hung on the armrest. Thus, the locus drawn by the line connecting the operation fulcrum and the grip becomes a conical surface J having the operation fulcrum as the vertex. Therefore, the distance from the operation fulcrum to the grip becomes constant, and the operation fulcrum does not shift during the operation in the left-right direction. As a result, since the operation fulcrum is stable and there is no swing of the arm, the operability is improved. Further, the fine operability is improved, and the operability can be improved with less fatigue even after a long operation.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the monolever operating device for a working vehicle according to the second aspect, an upwardly protruding sidewall is formed on an outer portion of an upper surface of the armrest at least at a position where an elbow rests. I have. According to the third aspect of the present invention, at least the elbow of the operator is fixed by the sidewall, so that the operation of the mono lever can be performed stably and reliably even when the vehicle is vibrated. In addition, the side wall is forward from the elbow (forearm)
It is preferable to provide the arm over a predetermined length, so that the stability of the arm can be further increased.

The invention according to claim 4 is the invention according to claim 2 or 3.
In the mono-lever operating device for a work vehicle described above, the upper surface of the armrest is inclined at a predetermined angle from near the position where the operator's elbow is placed to the front. According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, when the mono lever is operated, the lower surface of the forearm portion in front of the elbow of the operator does not rub against the armrest, so that operability is good. In particular, operability can be improved during fine operation.

The invention described in claim 5 is the second or third invention.
In the monolever operating device for a working vehicle described in the above, the monolever integrally forms a palm rest that supports a palm below a grip, and at a neutral position, an upper end of the grip is such that the inside of the grip is more laterally than the outer side. At a predetermined angle α0 so as to be forward, and at an angle of about 30 ° to 45 ° toward the operator with respect to a horizontal plane. According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, by placing the lower part of the palm holding the grip on the palm rest, the operator only needs to grip the grip lightly. Therefore, the contact pressure applied to the hand can be reduced, and the burden on the operator is reduced. Further, in the neutral position, the upper end of the grip is inclined at a predetermined angle α0 (about 8 degrees) so that the inside of the grip is ahead of the outside with respect to the left-right direction, and about 30 ° to the operator with respect to the horizontal plane. Since it is tilted by 45 °, the state in which the grip is held becomes a natural hand posture. Therefore, the operator can easily operate the mono lever in a comfortable posture, less fatigue, and improve operability and workability.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the monolever operating device for a working vehicle according to the second aspect, the angle between the horizontal line and the palm line when the monolever is operated to the maximum stroke outward in the left-right direction is 90 degrees. ° or less, and the angle between the line of the palm and the horizontal plane when the maximum stroke operation is performed inward in the left-right direction is set to 0 ° or more. According to the invention described in claim 6, even if the mono lever is operated up to the maximum stroke end inside and outside in the left-right direction, the return to the inside or outside of the palm does not increase, so that the operation can be performed in a comfortable posture, and the operation can be performed. Performance can be improved.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the monolever operating device for a work vehicle according to the first aspect, a first rotation for rotating the monolever in the front-rear direction and a first rotation for rotating the monolever in the left-right direction are provided. It is arranged below the shaft, and the maximum stroke in the front-rear direction is smaller than the maximum stroke in the left-right direction. According to the seventh aspect of the invention, since the front-rear rotation shaft is disposed below the left-right rotation shaft, the front-rear rotation radius is larger than the left-right rotation radius. Moreover, since the maximum stroke in the front-rear direction is smaller than the maximum stroke in the left-right direction,
The grip at the time of rotation in the front-rear direction has a smaller amount of movement in the up-down direction than the rotation in the left-right direction, and performs linear movement.
Therefore, the forward / reverse switching operation is facilitated. Also,
Since the maximum stroke in the front-rear direction is smaller than the maximum stroke in the left-right direction as described above, even if the mono-lever is operated back and forth, the grip position does not deviate much from the neutral position, The relationship between the axis of the left-right rotation shaft and the operation fulcrum below the elbow does not change significantly.
As a result, even when the grip is operated in the left-right direction at the maximum stroke position in the front-rear direction, the left-right rotation trajectory of the grip draws an arc on the bottom surface of the cone with the operation fulcrum at the top, so that the operation fulcrum does not shift. Therefore, the mono lever can be operated stably.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the monolever operating device for a work vehicle according to the first aspect, a concave portion is formed in an outer portion of the console along a front-rear direction. According to the invention described in claim 8, the thumb is put on the grip, or the other remaining fingers (for example, four fingers other than the thumb) are held while the grip is held by the thumb and the forefinger or the middle finger.
(Or three or less) in the recess, the hand is fixed, the operation amount can be easily adjusted with the fingertip, and the fine operability is improved. Further, since the entire forearm can be fixed from the elbow to the hand, even if the work vehicle vibrates, the body can be stably and reliably operated.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the monolever operating apparatus for a working vehicle according to the eighth aspect, the concave portion of the console is formed over a maximum stroke range at the time of the forward / reverse switching operation of the monolever. According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, with the thumb or the thumb and another finger attached to the mono lever, the remaining finger is hung on the concave portion over the maximum stroke range when the forward / backward switching operation of the mono lever is performed. Can be fixed. Therefore, at any position of the forward / reverse switching, the workability and the fine operability can be improved, and the body can be constantly stabilized during the operation of the work vehicle.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, the left and right sides of the driver's seat are provided.
In a method of operating a monolever operating device of a work vehicle, in which a monolever arranged in front of an armrest attached to a console installed on at least one side of the work vehicle is operated to rotate in a front-rear direction and a left-right direction, Place the operator's elbow and press the forearm along the sidewall provided on the outer side of the upper surface, and in this state, turn the palm diagonally downward on the driver's seat side, and make the driver's seat side of the grip part forward from the outside. Then, the grip of the mono lever is grasped, and thereafter, the mono lever is rotated in the front and rear direction when switching between forward and backward, and / or the mono lever is moved in the left and right direction when steering the vehicle, from the inner maximum stroke position to the outer maximum stroke position, The palm rotates within the range of 0 to 90 degrees, and the distance from the fulcrum below the operator's elbow to the grip. There always rotated remains substantially constant, when performing fine operation, the multiplying one of the fingers other than the thumb recess formed along the longitudinal direction on the outside portion of the console, at least a thumb grip, or The operation is performed by grasping with the thumb and the other remaining fingers, and at the time of switching the speed stage of the transmission, the speed stage changeover switch disposed at the tip of the grip is operated by the thumb.

According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, the forearm is pressed along the sidewall provided on the outer side of the upper surface of the armrest, so that the forearm is stabilized against vibration,
This improves operability. The grip is held with the palm directed obliquely downward on the driver's seat side and the driver's seat side (inside) of the grip portion is forward from the outside, so that the gripped state becomes a natural palm posture and a comfortable state. Can be operated with. Also, at the time of steering the vehicle, even if the mono lever is operated from the innermost maximum stroke position in the left-right direction to the outermost maximum stroke position, the palm is rotated within the range of 0 to 90 degrees. The palm does not return significantly. Therefore, the operation in the left-right direction can be performed easily. Furthermore, since the distance from the operation fulcrum below the elbow of the operator to the grip is always kept substantially constant and pivots in the left-right direction, the operation fulcrum does not shift, so the forearm is stabilized, and operability and workability are improved. I do. In addition, when performing a fine operation, a finger or the like other than the thumb is hung on the concave portion provided along the front-rear direction on the outer side of the console , and the grip is at least with the thumb, or with the thumb and the other remaining fingers. The operation can be performed by grasping the hand, which stabilizes the hand, so that the fine operability can be improved and the hand and body shakes during vibration can be reduced. Further, since the speed stage switch is provided at the tip of the grip, the speed stage can be easily switched at the same time as performing forward / reverse switching and steering operation.

[0019]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a mono-lever operating device for a work vehicle according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to FIGS. First, a first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a side view of a work vehicle to which a monolever steering device according to the present invention is applied, and a bulldozer (hereinafter, referred to as a work vehicle) 1 will be described below as an example. In the figure, a work vehicle 1 has a lower traveling body 4 that can travel freely in a lower part, a vehicle body 2 is disposed above the lower traveling body 4, and a driver's cab 3 is mounted near the center rear of the vehicle body 2. A work machine 5 (blade) that can move up and down in front of the vehicle body 2
have.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the inside of the cab 3. A console 15 is provided on one of the left and right sides (the left side in the figure) of a driver's seat 3a provided substantially in the center of the cab 3, and an armrest 10 is fixed from the center of the upper part of the console 15 to the rear. ing. Above the console 15 and in front of the armrest 10, a steering device (hereinafter referred to as a swing actuator), which will be described in detail later, and a mono lever 20 with a palm rest for operating the transmission are arranged. Furthermore, (in the figure right) left the other side of the driver's seat 3a is disposed a console 15a to, co
The armrest 11 is fixedly provided near the upper inside of the console 15a, and a mono lever 21 with a palm rest for operating the work machine 5 is provided in front of the armrest 10a.

FIG. 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating the entirety of the monolever steering device according to the present invention. The monolever 20 integrally forms an operation grip portion and a palm rest 20A on which the lower end of the palm of the hand holding the operation grip portion is placed. Also, the rear surface of the tip of the operation grip portion (driver's seat 3a side)
A speed stage changeover switch 20a for shifting up or down the speed stage of the transmission is attached. The shift-up or shift-down operation signal output from the speed stage changeover switch 20a is input to the controller 70.

The mono-lever 20 can be operated in the left and right X0 directions and the forward and backward Y0 directions with respect to the traveling direction of the work vehicle. The X0 direction is a steering operation, and the Y0 direction is a forward / reverse switching operation. . The mono-lever 20 is a first rotating shaft 25
And the first rotating shaft 25 is connected to the first bearing member 2.
7, and one end of a first rotating shaft 25 is provided with a rotating gear 2.
6 is fixed. By rotating the mono lever 20 around the first rotation shaft 25 in the X0 direction, the rotation gear 26
Are rotated at the same angle in accordance with the rotation angle of the first rotation shaft 25 in the X0 direction.

Two potentiometers 53 and 54 for detecting the rotation angle in the X0 direction, ie, the amount of steering operation, are connected to the rotation gear 26 via gears mounted on the respective input shafts. In FIG. 3, the two potentiometers 53 and 54 detect the left steering operation amount or the right steering operation amount of the mono lever 20, respectively, and simultaneously detect the rotation angle in the X0 direction. Although it suffices to provide the two potentiometers 53 and 54 in the present embodiment, it is for improving reliability. That is, when one of the potentiometers fails, the other potentiometer covers the function of detecting the failed one. The rotation angle signals of the potentiometers 53 and 54 are input to the controller 70.

The first bearing member 27 shown in FIG. 3 is connected to a second rotating shaft 29 via a connecting member 28. The second rotating shaft 29 is supported by a second bearing member 30. By rotating the monolever 20 in the forward and backward Y0 directions with respect to the traveling direction of the work vehicle, the second rotating shaft 29 is rotated. It rotates in the Y0 direction as the center. A swing arm 31 that is swingable in the front-rear direction is connected to one end of the second rotation shaft 29. The swing arm 31 swings the monolever 20 in the front-back Y0 direction. At the forward position (F), a forward recognition micro switch 50 (hereinafter, referred to as a detection switch 50) is operated, and at the reverse position (R), the reverse recognition micro switch 52 (hereinafter, referred to as a detection switch 52). Is activated. At the neutral position (N) of the mono lever 20, the swing arm 31 activates a neutral recognition micro switch 51 (hereinafter, referred to as a detection switch 51). The signals of these detection switches 50, 51, 52 are sent to the controller 70
Is being entered.

The controller 70 has an arithmetic unit composed of a computer device such as a microcomputer, for example, and includes a signal input unit, an arithmetic unit, and a command signal output unit (not shown). The controller 70 receives and calculates the left steering operation amount signal and the right steering operation amount signal from the potentiometers 53 and 54, and sends a left steering command signal to the turning actuator 75 according to the steering operation amount signal in each direction. And a right steering command signal. Swing actuator 7
5 controls the engagement and disengagement of the left and right steering clutches (not shown) and the braking force of the brake based on the left steering command signal and the right steering command signal. The steering is turned off and the vehicle turns left or right. By operating the mono lever 20 in the X0 direction, the clutch and brake of the swing actuator 75 are controlled.

The controller 70 receives a shift-up signal or a shift-down signal from the speed gear changeover switch 20a and a forward / reverse changeover signal from one of the detection switches 50, 51, 52, and calculates the result. Based on the transmission, a transmission actuator 80 including a forward clutch, a speed gear clutch, etc.
To output a command signal. For example, the speed gear changeover switch 2
0a is shifted down to 1st gear and the mono lever 20
Is operated in the forward direction in the Y0 direction, the first forward speed is established, and when the mono lever 20 is operated in the backward direction in the Y0 direction, the first forward speed is established. When shifting up from this state, the speed stage changeover switch 20a is operated to shift up to the second speed or the third speed, and when the mono lever 20 is operated forward in the Y0 direction, the second forward speed or the third forward speed is set. When the vehicle is operated to the rear in the Y0 direction, the reverse speed becomes the second reverse speed or the third reverse speed. The speed stage changeover switch 20a includes a shift-up switch and a shift-down switch each having a seesaw-type operation button, as will be described in detail later. Upshifting or downshifting of the transmission can be easily performed.

FIG. 4 is a view for explaining the main part of the monolever operating device according to the present invention. The link mechanism of the monolever steering device will be described later in detail with reference to FIG. In the figure, a base 61 of a monolever control device is attached to the front of the console 15. The second bearing member 30 is attached to an upper portion of the base 61,
A second rotating shaft 29 is rotatably supported at both left and right end portions of the second bearing member 30 so as to be rotatable in the front-rear direction. A detent 35 is attached to either one of the left and right ends of the second rotation shaft 29 to make it easy for the operator to recognize the forward position, the neutral position, and the reverse position at the time of the forward / reverse switching operation of the mono lever 20. The detent receiving member 36 of the detent 35 is attached to the side of the base 61. Further, the second rotating shaft 29 is connected to the first bearing member 27,
The bearing member 27 supports the first rotating shaft 25 so as to be swingable in the left-right direction, and the first rotating shaft 25 is connected to a lower portion of the mono lever 20. Potentiometers 53 and 54 are attached to a front portion of the first bearing member 27. As will be described in detail later, a gear attached to the potentiometers 53 and 54 and a gear attached to the first rotary shaft 25 are provided. And the left and right swing angles of the mono lever 20 are detected by the potentiometers 53 and 54. A palm rest 20 </ b> A is integrally formed below the mono lever 20.

The armrest 10 is provided on the upper surface of the console 15.
The armrest 10 is provided with a sidewall 10a that is raised upward on the outer side of the upper surface of the armrest 10. The operator places the elbow on the armrest 10, presses the elbow forward along the side wall 10a, and grasps the grip of the mono lever 20 with the hand. In a state where the forward / reverse switching is performed by gripping the grip of the mono lever 20 at the neutral position, the first rotation shaft 25 is moved so that the axis of the first rotation shaft 25 substantially passes through the operation fulcrum P (position below the elbow) of the operator's hand. The inclination angle of one rotation shaft 25 with respect to the horizontal plane is set. That is, when the operator holding the hand having the standard upper arm length (the length from the operation fulcrum P to the center of the palm) grips the mono lever 20 at the forward / reverse switching neutral position, the rotation of the first rotation shaft 25 of the mono lever 20 is started. The line connecting the movement fulcrum 25a and the operation fulcrum P is the first rotation shaft 25.
Of the first rotation shaft 25 and a horizontal line R extending horizontally in the front-rear direction from the rotation fulcrum 25a so as to substantially coincide with the axis Q of the first rotation shaft 25. The present inventors have confirmed through experiments that the operability is good when the inclination angle α1 is set to about 10 degrees. Also, the mono lever 20
In the forward / reverse switching operation, the operation amount from the neutral position to the forward position is set to a predetermined operation angle α4, and the operation amount from the neutral position to the reverse position is set to a predetermined operation angle α5. The predetermined operation angles α4 and α5 are set such that the maximum stroke during the forward / reverse switching operation is smaller than the maximum stroke during the left / right operation. As shown in FIG. 4, the upper surface of the armrest 10 in front of the vicinity of the operation fulcrum P is inclined forward and downward substantially in accordance with the predetermined inclination angle α1. Further, the height from the base 61 to the grip of the mono lever 20 is set so that the arm is substantially horizontal when the mono lever 20 is gripped.

This allows the operator to operate the mono lever 20
Since the rotation center of the mono lever 20 (that is, the first rotation shaft 25) when the steering operation is performed in the left-right direction passes through the operation fulcrum P, the operation fulcrum P and the grip portion (palm center position) of the mono lever 20 The path of a straight line connecting the two has a shape substantially equal to a conical shape having the first rotation shaft 25 as an axis. This means that the distance between the operation fulcrum P and the grip portion of the monolever 20 does not substantially change even when the monolever 20 is operated, and the operator operates the operation fulcrum P in the left-right direction without moving the position of the operation fulcrum P. I can do it. Further, the operation is easy because the arm can be operated in a substantially horizontal state.

Next, a main link mechanism and the like of the monolever operating device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 5 is a plan view of the monolever steering device. A palm rest 20A on which the lower part of the palm rests is integrally formed below the monolever 20. The mono lever 20 is connected to the first rotation shaft 25 at a position of a rotation fulcrum 25a. In FIG.
And the center line S passing through the center of the mono lever 20 is
The mono lever 20 is inclined by a predetermined angle α0 with respect to a horizontal line R passing through the rotation fulcrum 25a and in the horizontal direction so that the operator's front side of the mono lever 20 faces the driver's seat side, that is, the inside of the grip is forward from the outside. are doing. The axis Q of the first rotation shaft 25 forms a predetermined inclination angle αa with respect to a line M passing through the rotation fulcrum 25a and extending in the vehicle front-rear direction. As described above, since the grip of the mono lever 20 is inclined at a predetermined angle α0 with respect to the left and right direction, the palm when gripping the grip is turned to the driver's seat side to be in a natural palm direction, and the left and right rotation is performed. Since the direction of the moving axis is arranged at a predetermined angle αa with respect to the front-rear direction, the mono lever 20 can be easily operated in the left-right direction while holding the grip in the natural palm posture as described above. I have. The present inventors have confirmed through experiments that a good operational feeling can be obtained when the predetermined angle α0 is set to about 8 degrees and the predetermined angle αa is set to about 4 degrees.

FIG. 6 is a view as viewed in the direction Z in FIG. 5, as viewed from the front of the driver's seat. In the same figure, the mono lever 20 is shown in FIG.
5 can be operated in the left-right direction about a rotation fulcrum 25a of the first rotation shaft 25. The upper end of the grip at the neutral position of the mono lever 20 is inclined at a predetermined angle (for example, about 30 ° to 45 °) with respect to the horizontal plane toward the operator. The maximum operation angle from the neutral position of the mono lever 20 to the right turning stroke end position C is set to a predetermined angle α2, and the maximum operation angle from the neutral position to the left turning stroke end position B is set to a predetermined angle α3. I have. The predetermined angle α2 and the predetermined angle α3 are between 0 ° and 90 ° with respect to the horizontal plane when the palm is operated in the range from the innermost maximum stroke end position C to the outermost maximum stroke end position B in the left-right direction. Is set to In addition, a concave portion 20C for hanging a thumb on the grip portion of the monolever 20 is formed. In the experiments of the present inventors, good results were obtained by setting the predetermined angles α2 and α3 to about 30 degrees. Thus, the posture in which the grip of the mono-lever 20 is grasped becomes the natural posture of the palm, so that the operator can operate in a comfortable state. Further, the mono lever 20 is moved in the left-right direction to the maximum stroke end position B,
Even if the operation is performed up to C, the palm does not face the opposite hand direction from the horizontal direction and does not face upward from the vertical state, so that the return of the palm does not increase and the operability of the mono lever 20 is good. Further, since the concave portion 20C for hanging the thumb is formed on the grip portion of the monolever 20, the operation of the monolever 20 can be stably performed even when the work vehicle vibrates.

A tension spring 26A is mounted between two rotary gears 26, 26 (details will be described later with reference to FIG. 11) mounted on the front end of the first rotary shaft 25. Note that components denoted by other reference numerals are denoted by the same reference numerals in FIG. 4, and description thereof will be omitted.

FIG. 7 is a side view as seen from the Y side in FIG. 6, as viewed from the operator side. In FIG.
A speed stage changeover switch 20a for shifting up or down the transmission is arranged at the tip of the grip portion. This speed stage changeover switch 20
a is constituted by a seesaw type changeover switch,
At the center of the operation button is provided a raised portion having a predetermined height, and above and below the raised portion are provided shift-up and shift-down operating portions, respectively. Inside the mono lever 20, a shift-up switch and a shift-down switch (not shown) which are operated by turning on / off each operation unit are built in, and signals of the switches are input to the controller 70 via a cable (not shown). I have. Also,
The mono lever 20 is connected to the first rotation shaft 25 via a connecting member 20B. The axis Q of the first rotation shaft 25 when the mono lever 20 is in the neutral position and the horizontal line R extending horizontally in the front-rear direction from the rotation fulcrum 25a form a predetermined inclination angle α1 as described above. Also, the second bearing member 3
A swing arm 31 is attached to an end surface (here, a right end surface) of the second rotation shaft 29 that is supported by the shaft 0. The detection switch 5 is provided on the side surface of the base 61 via a mounting plate 55.
0, 51, 52 are attached. By operating the mono lever 20 forward with respect to the traveling direction of the work vehicle, the swing arm 31 activates the transmission forward detection switch 50, and by operating the mono lever 20 rearward, the reverse detection switch is operated. When the lever 52 is operated and the mono lever 20 is returned to the neutral position, the neutral position detection switch 51 is operated. The signals from these detection switches 50, 51, 52 are input to the controller 70 shown in FIG.

FIG. 8 is a view as viewed in the direction X in FIG. 6, and is a view as seen from the outside (here, left side) of the driver's seat. FIG. 9 is a view as viewed in the direction of the axis Q of the first rotation shaft 25 in FIG. 8 and is an explanatory view of a main part of the first bearing member 27. In these drawings, the same components as those in the above-described drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. The swing arm 32 shown in FIG. 9 has a central portion connected to the end face of the first rotation shaft 25, and is attached such that the arms on both sides thereof are substantially horizontal in the left-right direction. A pair of left and right spring boxes 33, 33 is attached to the rear side surface of the first bearing member 27 via a mounting plate 27a. Each spring box 33 has two types of springs 33b, 3 having different urging forces.
A push member 33a urged upward by 3c is housed therein, and a pair of left and right spring boxes 33, 33 is pivoted by the respective push members 33a, 33a.
Of both arms are pressed upward. This allows
The pair of left and right spring boxes 33, 33 can apply a predetermined change in operating force at the time of turning the mono lever 20 left and right, for example, so that the operating position at which the clutch or brake starts to work can be known. And
Further, when returning the mono lever 20 to the neutral position, the neutral position is reliably defined by the urging forces from both the left and right directions, so that the operability can be improved.

Next, the appearance of the monolever operation device will be described with reference to FIGS. 10 (a), 10 (b) and 10 (c). Armrest 1 on top of console 15
0 is fixed. A mono lever 20 integrally formed with a palm rest 20A and provided with a speed-stage changeover switch 20a for operating up-shift or down-shift of the speed stage of the transmission is provided in front of the armrest 10. At the front of the console 15, a recess 15b is formed on the outer side surface of the driver's seat along the front-rear direction. The length of the concave portion 15b in the front-rear direction is formed to be substantially the same as the maximum stroke in the front-rear direction from the forward position to the reverse position when the mono lever 20 is switched between forward and backward. Accordingly, when the mono lever 20 is operated to switch the transmission between forward and backward, the remaining fingers are held in a state where the mono lever 20 is gripped with, for example, the thumb, the index finger and the middle finger over the maximum stroke in the front-rear direction for operating the forward or backward movement. (For example, the ring finger and the little finger)
The hand can be fixed by hooking. Therefore,
The body can be stabilized at all times during the operation of the work vehicle, and the mono lever 20 can be stably operated even if the work vehicle vibrates.

Next, an exploded view of the link mechanism of the monolever steering device according to the first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. A palm lever 20A for supporting the palm is integrally formed, and a mono lever 20 having a speed stage changeover switch 20a for switching a speed stage of the transmission is provided. The mono lever 20 is connected to a protruding portion 25A of the first rotation shaft 25 via a connecting member 20B. Both ends of the first rotating shaft 25 are provided with bearing flanges 2.
5b and 25c respectively. Bearing flange 25
A rotating gear 26 composed of one rotating gear 26a of a pair of left and right gears and the other rotating gear 26b is rotatably attached to the connecting member 25d attached to the connecting member 25d. A pair of left and right stoppers 26c, 2 is provided at the lower center of the connecting member 25d.
6c is fixedly provided. On the front end face of the first rotating shaft 25,
A turning member 2 having an arm 25e provided to protrude forward at a position radially away from the turning center axis by a predetermined length.
5 g are installed. The arm 25e is located inside a pair of left and right rotation gears 26a and 26b,
In addition, the distal end portion is set so as to be able to engage with the inner end surfaces of both gears, and the arm 25e engages the rotating gear 26a or the rotating gear 26b with the rotation of the first rotating shaft 25. It is designed to rotate. Left and right pair of rotating gears 26
a and the rotating gear 26b are a pair of left and right stoppers 2 respectively.
6c, 26c is rotatable on one side, and the rotating gear 26a
Is rotated from the left side to the lower center in the drawing, the inner end face thereof hits the stopper 26c and stops, and does not further rotate to the right side. Similarly, when the rotating gear 26b rotates from the right side to the lower center in the drawing, its inner end surface hits the stopper 26c and stops, and does not further rotate to the left. A tension spring 26A is attached between the two rotating gears 26a, 26b, and when either one of the two rotating gears 26a, 26b rotates in a direction away from each other, the tension spring 26A returns to the original position. In this case, the rotating gears 26a and 26b can be smoothly returned while being brought into contact with the arm 25e when returning.

The other end of the first rotating shaft 25 is connected to the bearing flange 2.
5c, the swing arm 32 is attached to the rear end face. With the front and rear portions of the first rotating shaft 25 rotatably fitted in the bearing flanges 25b and 25c, respectively, the shaft support portions of the bearing flanges 25b and 25c are paired with the front and rear concave portions 27C of the first bearing member 27. , 27C. The mounting portions of the bearing flanges 25b and 25c
Each is fastened to the front and rear surfaces of the first bearing member 27 with a bolt or the like. Supports 27 </ b> A and 27 </ b> A provided with screw holes are provided on the side surface of the first bearing member 27 on one side in the front-rear direction (here, front side).
A and 27B are fixed. The two potentiometers 53 and 54 for detecting the amount of turning operation in the left-right direction are
The rotation gear 26 is connected via a gear attached to the rotation shaft.
a and 26b are engaged with the support 27, respectively.
A, 27A, 27B are attached using fastening members such as bolts. Thus, when the mono lever 20 is rotated in the left-right direction, the rotation angles of the rotation gears 26a, 26b are detected by the potentiometers 53, 54, respectively, and the respective detection signals are input to the controller 70 shown in FIG. You. A connecting member 28 is attached to the bottom of the first bearing member 27. The upper part of the mounting plate 27a is attached to the other (here, rear) side surface of the first bearing member 27,
The lower portion of the mounting plate 27a is attached to the connecting member 28. Spring boxes 33, 33 are attached to the mounting plate 27a. The spring boxes 33, 33 are attached so that the respective pressing members 33a, 33a contact the left and right ends of the swing arm 32.

The first bearing member 27 is connected to a second rotating shaft 29 via a connecting member 28. With the bearing flanges 29a and 29b fitted in the left and right ends of the second rotating shaft 29, the bearings of the bearing flanges 29a and 29b are mounted in the left and right recesses 30A of the second bearing member 30, respectively. The two rotation shafts 29 are supported by the second bearing member 30. Bearing flange 2
The mounting portions 9 a and 29 b are attached to the left and right side surfaces of the second bearing member 30. The second projecting from the bearing flange 29a
A swing arm 31 is attached to one end surface of the rotating shaft 29, and a detent 35 is attached to the other end surface of the coaxial 29 protruding from the bearing flange 29b. Also, the second bearing member 3
0 is attached to the base 61, the base 61 console
It is attached to the bottom plate 60 of Lumpur. On one side of the base 61, detection switches 50, 51,
The mounting position is set so that the detection switches 50, 51, and 52 come into contact at predetermined positions when the swing arm 31 swings. Further, a detent receiving member 36 is provided on the other side of the base 61 for engaging the detent 35 to position the mono lever 20 in the forward, backward and neutral operation positions.

Next, a second embodiment of the monolever steering device according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 12 is a side view of the monolever steering device according to the present embodiment, and shows an example in which, compared to the configuration described in the first embodiment, the rotation gear 26 is configured with one and the tension spring 26A is omitted. ing. Except for this, the configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment. A configuration in which the rotation gear 26 is constituted by one will be described with reference to an exploded view of a link mechanism shown in FIG. In the following, only the configuration different from that of the first embodiment will be described, and components denoted by the same reference numerals as those of the other first embodiments will be the same components and will not be described. One end side (the front end side in this example) of the first rotating shaft 25 is rotatably fitted into a bearing flange 25b, and a rotating gear 26 is attached to an end face protruding from the flange 25b. . This rotating gear 26
Is used to connect the first rotating shaft 25 to a pair of bearing flanges 25b, 25b.
The first potentiometer 27 is rotatably supported via a pair c. The first bearing 27 is attached to one side surface (in this example, the front surface) of the first bearing member 27 in a state in which the two potentiometers 53 and 54 are engaged. First
The left-right rotation angle of the rotation shaft 25, that is, the left-right rotation operation amount of the mono lever 20 is detected by the two potentiometers 53 and 54, respectively. In the present embodiment, since the left and right turning operation amount of the mono lever 20 is detected by one rotation gear 26, the function of detecting the left and right turning operation amount can be satisfied if there is originally one potentiometer. The reason why two potentiometers 53 and 54 are provided is to provide a safety design in which when one of the potentiometers fails, the left / right turning operation amount can be detected based on a signal from the other potentiometer. is there. Further, since the number of the rotation gear 26 is one compared to the first embodiment, the number of components is small, and the configuration is simplified.

As described above, the essential parts of the monolever steering device according to the first and second embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 4A and FIG. Figure 1
5 will be described. FIG. 14A shows a plan view when the mono lever is operated, and FIG. 14B shows a three-dimensional view when the mono lever is operated. As shown in FIG. 14B, with the operator's elbow placed on the armrest 10 and the grip portion of the mono lever 20 held, as described in FIG. 4, the rotation fulcrum 25a of the first rotation shaft 25 and the lower part of the elbow are used. Is substantially coincident with the axis Q of the first rotating shaft 25. That is, the angle formed by the line connecting the rotation fulcrum 25a of the first rotation shaft 25 and the operation fulcrum P below the elbow with the horizontal line R is the first angle.
The axis Q of the rotation shaft 25 is set so as to be substantially equal to the inclination angle α1 formed with the horizontal line R. Thereby, when the mono lever 20 is turned left and right, the trajectory of a straight line connecting the center of the grip portion (the center of the palm) and the operation fulcrum P below the elbow has the operation fulcrum P as the vertex and the first trajectory. It becomes a conical surface J with the rotation fulcrum 25a of the dynamic shaft 25 as the center point of the bottom surface. This means that the distance from the center of the grip portion to the operation fulcrum P below the elbow during the left-right turning operation is constant. That is, as shown in FIG. 14A, the mono lever 20 is moved from the neutral position A to the left turning stroke end position B,
Alternatively, when the lever 20 is operated from the neutral position to the right turning stroke end position C, there is no change in the linear distance between the line segments PA, PB and PC. Therefore, even if the mono lever 20 is operated left and right, there is no need to move the operation fulcrum P below the elbow, so that fine operability is improved, and furthermore, fatigue is reduced and operability is improved even when driving for a long time.

FIG. 15 is a diagram for explaining the operation when the palm is set on the palm rest 20A of the monolever 20 and the mono lever 20 is operated in the left-right direction. The angle α6 formed by the palm line N and the horizontal horizontal line R passing through the rotation fulcrum 25a of the first rotation shaft 25 when the monolever 20 is operated out of the driver's seat (to the right in the drawing) at the maximum stroke. Less than 90 °, that is, so that the palm does not turn upward during the maximum maximum stroke,
It is set so that the return of the palm does not become large. Also,
The angle α7 formed by the palm line G and the horizontal line R (equivalently compared with the horizontal line H in the figure) when the mono lever 20 is operated to the maximum stroke inside the driver's seat is greater than 0 °. 20 is set so that the return to the inside of the palm does not increase even if the maximum stroke is operated inward. Thus, the operability at the time of the left-right operation is good.

As described above, according to the mono-lever operating device for a work vehicle according to the present invention, even if the operator operates the mono-lever in the left-right direction with the arm rest on the armrest, the operating fulcrum P below the elbow and the mono-lever can be moved. Since the distance from the grip portion does not change, there is no need to shift the operation fulcrum P below the elbow during left and right operations. Therefore, since the operation is always performed with the arm stabilized, fine operability can be improved, and fatigue can be reduced even when driving for a long time, thereby improving operability.

Also, since a concave portion is formed in the outer portion of the console along the front-rear direction, at least the thumb is placed on the monolever, or one of the thumb and another finger (for example, the index finger and the middle finger) is placed on the monolever. The arms can be fixed by hanging the tips of the remaining fingers on the recesses. As a result, the hand is fixed, so that the operation amount at the time of the fine operation can be easily adjusted, the fine operability is improved, and the body can be stabilized even when the work vehicle vibrates. Can be improved. Further, since the concave portion of the console is formed with respect to the traveling direction of the work vehicle, the mono lever is formed over a maximum stroke range in the front-rear direction for operating the transmission forward or backward, the mono lever is operated in the forward-rearward direction for operating the transmission forward or backward. The arm can be fixed and the mono-lever can be operated over the range of the maximum stroke by using the recess. Therefore, the body can be constantly stabilized during operation of the work vehicle, and operability can be improved.

Further, since the armrest is formed with a raised sidewall on the outer side of the upper surface, by fixing the operator's elbow with the sidewall, the hand can be further stabilized against the vibration of the vehicle, and the mono lever The operation can be performed reliably.

Furthermore, since the palm lever is integrally formed with the palm rest, which supports the operator's palm downward at a predetermined angle, the palm can be hung on the palm rest in a natural orientation. In addition, since the concave portion for hanging the thumb is formed in the grip portion, the mono lever can be operated stably even when the work vehicle vibrates.

The mono lever is arranged so that the palm does not face upward when the mono lever is operated to the maximum stroke outward in the left-right direction, and the palm is above the horizontal plane when the mono lever is operated maximum stroke in the left and right direction. Like that. Therefore, even if the mono lever is operated up to the maximum stroke end in the left-right direction, the return to the inside or outside of the palm does not increase, so that the mono lever can always be operated in a stable state.

Further, the armrest is formed so as to be inclined by a predetermined angle from the operating fulcrum P below the elbow of the operator to the front, so that the lower surface of the forearm can touch the armrest when the mono lever is rotated left and right. Since there is no operation, the operation of the mono-lever can be easily performed without interrupting the operation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of an example of a work vehicle to which a monolever steering device according to the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a cab.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the entirety of a first embodiment of a monolever steering device for a work vehicle according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the mono-lever steering device of the work vehicle.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of the monolever operating device of the work vehicle.

FIG. 6 is a Z view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a Y view of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is an X view of FIG. 6;

9 is a view as viewed in the direction V in FIG.

FIG. 10 (a) shows the appearance of the monolever steering device in plan view, FIG. 10 (b) shows the appearance of U in FIG.
(C) shows the appearance in T view of (a).

FIG. 11 is an exploded view of the link mechanism of the monolever steering device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a side view of a monolever steering device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is an exploded view of a link mechanism of the monolever steering device according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a view for explaining the operation of the monolever steering device for a work vehicle according to the present invention, wherein (a) is a plan view,
(B) is a three-dimensional view.

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the palm rest of the monolever steering device according to the present invention.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory view of a conventional monolever steering device for a work vehicle, wherein (a) is a plan explanatory view and (b) is a side sectional view.

[Description of Signs] 10 , 11 ... armrests, 10a ... sidewalls,
15 , 15a : console , 15b: recess, 20 , 21
... mono lever, 20A ... palm rest, 20C ... recess,
20a: speed stage changeover switch, 25: first rotating shaft, 25
a: rotation fulcrum, 26a, 26b, 26: rotation gear, 27
... First bearing member, 29 ... Second rotating shaft, 30 ... Second bearing member, 31, 32 ... Swing arm, 33 ... Spring box, 35 ... Detent, 36 ... Detent receiving member, 50,
51, 52: detection switch, 53, 54: potentiometer, P: operation fulcrum.

[Procedure amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Drawing

[Correction target item name] Figure 2

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

FIG. 2

[Procedure amendment 3]

[Document name to be amended] Drawing

[Correction target item name] Fig. 4

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

FIG. 4 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] February 4, 2000 (200.2.4)

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Full text

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[Document Name] Statement

[Title of the Invention] A monolever steering device for a work vehicle and a method of operating the same

[Claims]

1. A connector installed on one of the left and right sides of a driver's seat.
Armrest attached to the top of the console box
With a mono lever located in front of the
Operate the lever in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction
Switch between forward and backward movement and steering operation of the work vehicle
In the mono-lever operating system for industrial vehicles , the mono lever should be at least
When the bar (20) is rotated left and right, the grip center point
The rotation trajectory of (A) is on the armrest (10).
Between the operating fulcrum below the elbow of the motor (P) and the grip center point (A).
Bottom of conical trajectory surface with operation vertex (P) as the vertex
To match the circular path of the axis of the Monoreba first pivot axis to pivot in the lateral direction (20) (25) (Q), characterized in that through the vicinity of the operation fulcrum (P) Mono lever control device for work vehicles.

2. The monolever operating device for a work vehicle according to claim 1, wherein an upper surface of the armrest (10) is inclined from near a position where an operator's elbow is placed on the front of the armrest , and the inclined surface is formed by the inclined surface.
A monolever operating device for a work vehicle, comprising an axis (Q) of a first rotation shaft (25) .

Claims3Claims1Mono lever operation of the work vehicle described
In the vertical device, the mono lever (20) is a pawl supporting a palm below a grip.
Armrest (20A) and the neutral position
With the gripCenter line of the substantially cylindrical grip provided on the
The inside of the grip is more forward than the outside
Tilt at a predetermined angle (α0) so that
About 30 to 45 degrees to the operator
A mono-lever steering device for a working vehicle, characterized in that:

4. The monolever operating device for a work vehicle according to claim 1, wherein an angle (α6) between a line (N) of the palm and a horizontal plane when the monolever (20) is operated to a maximum stroke outward in the left-right direction. 9
A monolever operating device for a working vehicle, wherein the angle (α7) between the palm line (G) and the horizontal plane when the maximum stroke operation is performed in the left-right direction is 0 ° or less, and the angle (α7) is 0 ° or more.

5. The mono-lever operating device for a work vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the second pivot (29) rotates the mono-lever (20) in the front-rear direction.
Lower than the first turning shaft (25) for turning left and right.
A mono-lever operating device for a work vehicle, wherein the device is disposed .

6. The mono-lever operation of a work vehicle according to claim 5.
In a vertical device, the maximum stroke of the mono lever (20) in the front-rear direction is
Work that is smaller than the maximum stroke of
Mono lever control device for industrial vehicles.

7. Monoreba steering device for a work vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that a recess (15b) along the longitudinal direction on the outside portion of the console box (15).

8. The monolever operating device according to claim 7, wherein the recess (15b) of the console box (15) is connected to the monolever (2).
A monolever operating device for a working vehicle, wherein the monolever operating device is formed over a maximum stroke range at the time of the forward / reverse switching operation of (0).

9. The Monoreba disposed in front of the armrest that is attached to the upper surface of the installed console box to the left or right 1 side of the driver's seat, the front and rear of the working vehicle by respectively rotating operation in the longitudinal direction and the lateral direction In the operation method of the mono-lever steering device of a work vehicle that performs forward switching and steering operation, an operator's elbow is placed on an upper surface of an armrest (10), and a forearm portion is arranged along a sidewall (10a) provided outside the upper surface. In this state, the mono lever is turned with the palm facing diagonally downward on the driver's seat (3a) side and the driver's seat (3a) side of the grip part forward from the outside.
(2) After that, the mono lever (20) is rotated in the front-rear direction when switching between forward and backward, and / or when the vehicle is steered, the mono lever (20) is moved in the left-right direction and the outer side from the inner maximum stroke position. Until the maximum stroke position, the palm rotates in the range of 0 degree or more and 90 degrees or less, and with this rotation, rotates without shifting the operation fulcrum (P) below the operator's elbow. When performing operations, place any finger other than the thumb on the recess (15b) provided along the front and rear direction on the outside of the console box (15), and hold the grip with at least the thumb or the thumb and the rest of the thumb. The operation of the mono-lever operating device for a work vehicle is characterized in that the speed-gear selector switch (20a) disposed at the tip of the grip is shifted with the thumb when the transmission is geared. Method.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a mono-lever control device for a work vehicle such as a bulldozer, and more particularly to a mono-lever control system for moving a transmission forward and backward and shifting the work vehicle from side to side in four directions. The present invention relates to a mono-lever operating device for a working vehicle, which is operable with a palm lever and is provided with a palm rest for supporting a palm on the mono-lever.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In work vehicles such as bulldozers, hydraulic excavators, mobile cranes, etc., it is common practice to operate the work machines simultaneously while running the vehicle to work efficiently. For this purpose, conventionally, an operation lever device has been developed that enables easy operation of the operation of the vehicle and the operation of the work equipment simultaneously, and also enables stable operation and operation against the vibration of the vehicle during traveling. As a countermeasure, a monolever steering device is often adopted.

FIG. 16 is a diagram for explaining an example of a typical monolever steering device used in a conventional bulldozer (hereinafter, referred to as a work vehicle). FIG. 16 is a plan explanatory view and a side sectional view of the monolever steering device. Is shown. Hereinafter, description will be given with reference to FIG. The mono lever 95 is provided upright on a rotation shaft 96 for rotating in the front-rear direction. The mono lever 95 is rotatable in the left-right direction (in the drawing, a direction orthogonal to the paper surface), and the left-right rotation controls the left-right steering direction of the traveling device of the vehicle via a known link mechanism (not shown). The respective clutches and brakes of the respective steering devices (not shown) can be engaged and disengaged.
The mono lever 95 is rotatable in the front-rear direction (in the drawing, the left-right direction in the drawing), and the rotation in the front-rear direction engages and disengages the forward-reverse clutch of the transmission via the link 97 and Through the link 98, for example, the first speed of the transmission
One of the three speeds is engaged.

As shown in FIG. 16, by operating the mono lever 95 forward from the neutral position, the first forward speed (F
1), the second forward speed (F2) and the third forward speed (F3) can be sequentially operated, and by operating the lever 95 backward from the neutral position, the first reverse speed (R1) and the second reverse speed (R
2) and the third reverse speed (R3) can be sequentially operated. The operator places the armrest 90 below the arm elbow.
And operate the mono lever 95 forward, backward, left and right with the lower part of the elbow as an operation fulcrum P. The left-right rotation axis H0 of the mono lever 95 is set horizontally in the front-rear direction. By operating such a mono lever in the left-right direction with respect to the traveling direction of the work vehicle, the corresponding one side of the left and right steering devices of the vehicle is engaged with a clutch, and the other side is braked, The vehicle can be turned left or right. Further, the mono lever is operated in the front-rear direction with respect to the traveling direction of the work vehicle, so that the transmission can be changed in speed.

[0005]

However, the above-mentioned prior art monolever steering apparatus has the following problems. In the conventional mono-lever operating device shown in FIG. 16, the position of the operation fulcrum P (under the elbow) in a state where the operator rests the arm rest 90 on the elbow is above the rotation axis H0 of the turning operation of the mono lever 95. Therefore, when the vehicle is turned to the left or to the right, the left turning stroke end B from the operation fulcrum P to the distance A from the operation fulcrum P to the operation center point A of the grip of the mono lever 95 is determined.
To the point and from the operating fulcrum P to the right turning stroke end C
The distance between each point P-B and the point P-C up to the point changes. Therefore, the operator needs to shift the operation fulcrum P below the elbow during the turning operation. Therefore, there is a problem in that the operation of the mono lever 95 of the work vehicle that performs the civil engineering work lacks accuracy, and the fine operation cannot be performed. In addition, since the grip of the mono lever 95 has a substantially cylindrical shape oriented in the up-down direction, the hand may shift downward when the grip strength of the hand is weakened during a long operation, and therefore, the operator has to re-grip. There is also a problem that it is difficult to operate.

Also, the hand lever at the maximum stroke position in the left-right direction of the monolever operated with the operator's elbow resting on the upper surface of the armrest is large. In addition, the operability is not good, and fatigue due to long-time operation is great.

The present invention pays attention to the above-mentioned conventional problems, and provides good operability by using a mono-lever for running operations such as steering of a working vehicle and switching between forward and backward movement, and less fatigue even during long-time driving. It is an object of the present invention to provide a monolever operating device for a work vehicle with improved operability.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems, Functions and Effects In order to achieve the above object, an invention according to claim 1 is provided with an armrest attached to the upper surface of a console box installed on one of the left and right sides of a driver's seat. , and a Monoreba disposed in front of the armrest, in Monoreba steering device for a working vehicle for performing each forward-reverse switching and steering operation of the front-rear direction and work in the lateral direction with each rotation operation vehicle Monoreba, at least Front and rear neutral position of mono lever
When the mono lever is turned to the left or right in the
The operator traces the rotation trajectory of the center point on the armrest
Of the line connecting the fulcrum below the elbow and the grip center point
Matches the circular locus on the base of the conical locus with the fulcrum as the vertex
To rotate the mono lever to the left and right so that
The configuration is such that the axis of the dynamic shaft passes near the operation fulcrum.
You. According to the first aspect of the present invention, at least the front and rear sides
In the neutral position, the axis of the horizontal rotation axis
Through the operating fulcrum under the operator's elbow
are doing. Thereby, the rotation locus of the grip center point is
An operation fulcrum formed by a line connecting the operation fulcrum and the grip center point
Is the arc of the bottom surface of the conical surface whose vertex is. Therefore,
The distance from the operation fulcrum to the grip center point is constant,
The operation fulcrum does not shift during the operation in the left-right direction.
As a result, the operation fulcrum is stable and there is no swing of the arm.
Workability is improved. Furthermore, fine operability is improved,
It is possible to improve workability with less fatigue even when driving for a while.
You.

[00 09] According to a second aspect of the invention, the Monoreba steering device for a work vehicle according to claim 1, the upper surface of the armrest, tilted over the front from a position near multiplying the operator elbow, the inclined surface is the first Of one rotation axis (25)
The configuration includes the axis (Q) . According to the second aspect of the present invention, when operating the mono lever, the lower surface of the forearm portion in front of the elbow of the operator does not rub against the armrest, so that operability is good. In particular, operability can be improved during fine operation. Also, if the operator's elbow is placed on the slope,
Axis of the first rotation axis for rotating the mono lever in the left-right direction
(Q) passes through the operation fulcrum below the elbow, so the operation fulcrum is stable.
Since there is no swing of the arm, operability is improved.

[00 10] The invention described in claim 3 is the Monoreba steering device for a work vehicle according to claim 1, wherein Monoreba is a palm rest for supporting a palm under the grip with integrally formed, at the neutral position, Provided on the grip
The center line of the grip portion having a substantially cylindrical shape is inclined at a predetermined angle α0 so that the inside of the grip is ahead of the outside in the left-right direction from the outside, and about 30 degrees toward the operator with respect to the horizontal plane.
It is configured to be inclined by 45 ° to 45 °. According to the third aspect of the present invention, by placing the lower part of the palm that holds the grip on the palm rest, the operator only needs to hold the grip lightly. Therefore, the contact pressure applied to the hand can be reduced, and the burden on the operator is reduced. In addition, in the neutral position, a substantially cylindrical shape provided on the grip
The center line of the grip portion is inclined at a predetermined angle α0 (about 8 degrees) so that the inside of the grip is ahead of the outside with respect to the left and right directions, and about 30 degrees toward the operator with respect to the horizontal plane.
Since it is inclined by 45 ° to 45 °, the state in which the grip is held becomes a natural hand posture. Therefore, the operator can easily operate the mono lever in a comfortable posture, less fatigue, and improve operability and workability.

[00 11] The invention according to claim 4, in Monoreba steering device for a work vehicle according to claim 1, the angle of the palm of the line and the horizontal plane and Noto when the maximum stroke of Monoreba outward in the left-right direction The angle between the palm line and the horizontal plane when the maximum stroke operation is performed inward in the left-right direction is 0 ° or more. Claim
According to the invention described in Item 4 , even if the mono lever is operated up to the maximum stroke end inside and outside in the left-right direction, the return to the inside or outside of the palm does not increase, so that the operation can be performed in a comfortable posture and the operability can be improved. Can be improved.

[00 12] The invention according to claim 5, in Monoreba steering device for a work vehicle according to claim 1, the second pivot shaft for rotating the Monoreba in the longitudinal direction, the 1st to rotate in the lateral direction It is configured to be disposed below the driving shaft.
According to the fifth aspect of the invention, since the front-rear rotation shaft is disposed below the left-right rotation shaft, the front-rear rotation radius is larger than the left-right rotation radius. This
Ri, grip at front and rear direction of the rotation is vertical movement amount is reduced as compared to when rotation of the left and right direction to perform a more linear movement. Therefore, the forward / reverse switching operation is facilitated.

[0013] The invention according to claim 6 is the invention according to claim 5.
In the mono-lever control device of the work vehicle,
The maximum stroke in the front-rear direction is the maximum stroke in the left-right direction
The configuration is smaller than that. Claim 7
According to Ming, the front-rear rotation axis is lower than the left-right rotation axis.
The maximum stroke in the front-rear direction
Direction is smaller than the maximum stroke in the
The grip when turning in the right direction is higher than when turning in the left and right direction.
The amount of movement in the downward direction is reduced, and a more linear movement is performed.
U. Also, since the maximum stroke in the front-rear direction is smaller than the maximum stroke in the left-right direction, even if the mono lever is operated back and forth, the grip position does not deviate significantly from the neutral position, and the left-right direction during left-right operation The relationship between the axis of the rotating shaft and the operation fulcrum below the elbow does not change significantly. As a result, even when the grip is operated in the left-right direction at the maximum stroke position in the front-rear direction, the left-right rotation trajectory of the grip draws an arc on the bottom surface of the cone with the operation fulcrum at the top, so that the operation fulcrum does not shift. Therefore, the mono lever can be operated stably.

[00 14] The invention according to claim 7, in Monoreba steering device for a work vehicle according to claim 1 has a structure in which a recess along the longitudinal direction on the outside portion of the console box. According to the invention as set forth in claim 7 , the thumb rests on the grip, or the other remaining fingers (for example, four or three fingers other than the thumb) with the thumb held by the thumb and forefinger, middle finger, etc. By applying the following to the recess, the hand is fixed, the operation amount can be easily adjusted by the fingertip, and the fine operability is improved. Further, since the entire forearm can be fixed from the elbow to the hand, even if the work vehicle vibrates, the body can be stably and reliably operated.

[00 15] The invention according to claim 8, in Monoreba steering device for a work vehicle according to claim 7, wherein the concave portion of the console box, has a configuration which is formed over a maximum stroke range before the time-reverse switching operation Monoreba. According to the invention as set forth in claim 8 , over the maximum stroke range when the forward / backward switching operation of the mono lever is performed, with the thumb or the thumb and the other finger attached to the mono lever, the remaining fingers are hung on the concave portion, and Can be fixed. Therefore, at any position of the forward / reverse switching, the workability and the fine operability can be improved, and the body can be constantly stabilized during the operation of the work vehicle.

[00 16] The invention of claim 9, the Monoreba disposed in front of the armrest that is attached to the upper surface of the installed console box to the left or right 1 side of the driver's seat, respectively times in the longitudinal direction and the lateral direction In a method for operating a monolever steering device of a work vehicle, which performs a forward / reverse switching and a steering operation of a work vehicle by performing a dynamic operation, an operator's elbow is placed on an upper surface of an armrest, and a forearm portion is provided on a sidewall provided outside the upper surface. Hold the mono lever grip in this state with the palm directed obliquely downward on the driver's seat side and the driver's seat side of the grip section forward from the outside. And / or when the vehicle is steered, move the mono lever in the left-right direction from the inner maximum stroke position to the outer maximum stroke position. With the angle is rotated in a range of 90 degrees 0 degrees or more, accompanying this rotation rotates without shifting the operation fulcrum under operator elbow, when performing fine operation, the outer portion of the console box Attach any finger other than the thumb to the recess provided along the front and rear direction, and operate the grip with at least the thumb or with the thumb and the other fingers. The speed change switch provided in the section is operated by a thumb to change the speed.

[00 17] According to the invention described in claim 9, since the pressing by along the forearm to the side wall provided on the upper surface outside of the armrest, forearm against vibration is stabilized, thereby improving the operability . The grip is held with the palm directed obliquely downward on the driver's seat side and the driver's seat side (inside) of the grip portion is forward from the outside, so that the gripped state becomes a natural palm posture and a comfortable state. Can be operated with.
Next , when the vehicle is steered, even when the mono lever is operated from the innermost maximum stroke position in the left-right direction to the outermost maximum stroke position, the angle of the palm rotates within the range of 0 to 90 degrees. The palm does not return greatly.
Therefore, the operation in the left-right direction can be performed easily.
In addition, the forearm rotates in the left-right direction without shifting the operation fulcrum below the elbow of the operator with the left-right rotation.
Is stable, and operability and workability are improved. Alternatively , when performing a fine operation, a finger or the like other than the thumb is hung on a recess provided along the front-rear direction on the outer portion of the console box, and the grip is at least by the thumb, or the thumb and the other The operation can be performed by grasping with the remaining fingers, thereby stabilizing the hand, so that the fine operability can be improved and the hand and body vibrations during vibration can be reduced.
Further, since the speed stage switch is provided at the tip of the grip, the speed stage can be easily switched at the same time as performing forward / reverse switching and steering operation.

[00 18 ]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a mono-lever operating device for a work vehicle according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to FIGS. First, a first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a side view of a work vehicle to which a monolever steering device according to the present invention is applied, and a bulldozer (hereinafter, referred to as a work vehicle) 1 will be described below as an example. In the figure, a work vehicle 1 has a lower traveling body 4 that can travel freely in a lower part, a vehicle body 2 is disposed above the lower traveling body 4, and a driver's cab 3 is mounted near the center rear of the vehicle body 2. A work machine 5 (blade) that can move up and down in front of the vehicle body 2
have.

[00 19] FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the inside of the cab 3. A console box 1 is located on one of the left and right sides (the left side in the figure) of the driver's seat 3a disposed substantially in the center of the cab 3.
The armrest 10 is fixed from the center to the rear of the upper part of the console box 15. Above the console box 15 and in front of the armrest 10, a steering device (hereinafter referred to as a swing actuator), which will be described in detail later, and a mono lever 20 with a palm rest for operating the transmission are arranged. A console box 15a is provided on the other side (right side in the figure) of the driver's seat 3a.
An armrest 10a is fixedly provided near the upper inside of a, and a mono lever 21 with a palm rest for operating the work machine 5 is provided in front of the armrest 10a.

[00 20] FIG. 3, the overall Monoreba steering apparatus according to the present invention is a diagram schematically described. The monolever 20 integrally forms an operation grip portion and a palm rest 20A on which the lower end of the palm of the hand holding the operation grip portion is placed. Also, the rear surface of the tip of the operation grip portion (driver's seat 3a side)
A speed stage changeover switch 20a for shifting up or down the speed stage of the transmission is attached. The shift-up or shift-down operation signal output from the speed stage changeover switch 20a is input to the controller 70.

[00 21] Monoreba 20 has a operable X0 direction and longitudinal Y0 direction lateral to the traveling direction of the working vehicle, X0 direction steering operation, Y0 direction becomes forward-reverse switching operation I have. The mono-lever 20 is a first rotating shaft 25
And the first rotating shaft 25 is connected to the first bearing member 2.
7, and one end of a first rotating shaft 25 is provided with a rotating gear 2.
6 is fixed. By rotating the mono lever 20 around the first rotation shaft 25 in the X0 direction, the rotation gear 26
Are rotated at the same angle in accordance with the rotation angle of the first rotation shaft 25 in the X0 direction.

[00 22] in the rotation gear 26, the rotary angle of the X0 direction, i.e. the two potentiometers 53, 54 for detecting the steering operation amount is connected via a gear mounted to a respective input shaft . In FIG. 3, the two potentiometers 53 and 54 detect the left steering operation amount or the right steering operation amount of the mono lever 20, respectively, and simultaneously detect the rotation angle in the X0 direction. Although it suffices to provide the two potentiometers 53 and 54 in the present embodiment, it is for improving reliability. That is, when one of the potentiometers fails, the other potentiometer covers the function of detecting the failed one. The rotation angle signals of the potentiometers 53 and 54 are input to the controller 70.

[00 23] The first bearing member 27 shown in FIG. 3 is connected to the second pivot shaft 29 via a connecting member 28. The second rotating shaft 29 is supported by a second bearing member 30. By rotating the monolever 20 in the forward and backward Y0 directions with respect to the traveling direction of the work vehicle, the second rotating shaft 29 is rotated. It rotates in the Y0 direction as the center. A swing arm 31 that is swingable in the front-rear direction is connected to one end of the second rotation shaft 29. The swing arm 31 swings the monolever 20 in the front-back Y0 direction. At the forward position (F), a forward recognition micro switch 50 (hereinafter, referred to as a detection switch 50) is operated, and at the reverse position (R), the reverse recognition micro switch 52 (hereinafter, referred to as a detection switch 52). Is activated. At the neutral position (N) of the mono lever 20, the swing arm 31 activates a neutral recognition micro switch 51 (hereinafter, referred to as a detection switch 51). The signals of these detection switches 50, 51, 52 are sent to the controller 70
Is being entered.

[00 24] The controller 70 has an arithmetic unit, which is composed of a computer device such as, for example, a microcomputer, and includes a signal input unit (not shown), calculation unit, a command signal output section. The controller 70 receives and calculates the left steering operation amount signal and the right steering operation amount signal from the potentiometers 53 and 54, and sends a left steering command signal to the turning actuator 75 according to the steering operation amount signal in each direction. And a right steering command signal. Swing actuator 7
5 controls the engagement and disengagement of the left and right steering clutches (not shown) and the braking force of the brake based on the left steering command signal and the right steering command signal. The steering is turned off and the vehicle turns left or right. By operating the mono lever 20 in the X0 direction, the clutch and brake of the swing actuator 75 are controlled.

[00 25] Further, the controller 70 includes a shift-up signal or the down-shifting signal from the speed stage changeover switch 20a, it receives the forward-reverse switching signal either the detection switch 50, 51, 52 is calculated, the calculated Based on the result, a transmission actuator 80 including a forward clutch and a speed stage clutch of the transmission, etc.
To output a command signal. For example, the speed gear changeover switch 2
0a is shifted down to 1st gear and the mono lever 20
Is operated in the forward direction in the Y0 direction, the first forward speed is established, and when the mono lever 20 is operated in the backward direction in the Y0 direction, the first forward speed is established. When shifting up from this state, the speed stage changeover switch 20a is operated to shift up to the second speed or the third speed, and when the mono lever 20 is operated forward in the Y0 direction, the second forward speed or the third forward speed is set. When the vehicle is operated to the rear in the Y0 direction, the reverse speed becomes the second reverse speed or the third reverse speed. The speed stage changeover switch 20a includes a shift-up switch and a shift-down switch each having a seesaw-type operation button, as will be described in detail later. Upshifting or downshifting of the transmission can be easily performed.

[00 26] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a major part of the Monoreba steering apparatus according to the present invention. The link mechanism of the monolever steering device will be described later in detail with reference to FIG. In the figure, a base 61 of a monolever control device is attached to the front of the console box 15. The second bearing member 30 is attached to the upper portion of the base 61, and the second rotating shaft 2 is attached to both left and right end portions of the second bearing member 30.
9 is rotatably supported in the front-rear direction. Also, the second
A detent 35 is attached to one of the left and right ends of the rotating shaft 29 so that the forward position, the neutral position, and the reverse position of the mono lever 20 when the forward / reverse switching operation is performed can be easily understood by the operator. On the side of this detent 3
Five detent receiving members 36 are attached. Further, the second rotating shaft 29 is connected to the first bearing member 27. The first bearing member 27 supports the first rotating shaft 25 so as to be swingable in the left-right direction. 25 is connected to the lower part of the mono lever 20. Potentiometers 53 and 54 are attached to a front portion of the first bearing member 27. As will be described in detail later, a gear attached to the potentiometers 53 and 54 and a gear attached to the first rotary shaft 25 are provided. And the left and right swing angles of the mono lever 20 are detected by the potentiometers 53 and 54. A palm rest 20 </ b> A is integrally formed below the mono lever 20.

[00 27] annexed the armrest 10 on the upper surface of the console box 15, the upper surface outside of the armrest 10 sidewall 10a that protrudes upward is provided.
The operator places the elbow on the armrest 10, presses the elbow forward along the side wall 10a, and grasps the grip of the mono lever 20 with the hand. In a state where the forward / reverse switching is performed by gripping the grip of the mono lever 20 at the neutral position, the first rotation shaft 25 is moved so that the axis of the first rotation shaft 25 substantially passes through the operation fulcrum P (position below the elbow) of the operator's hand. The inclination angle of one rotation shaft 25 with respect to the horizontal plane is set. That is, when an operator having a hand with a standard upper arm length (the length from the operation fulcrum P to the center of the palm) grips the mono lever 20 at the forward / reverse switching neutral position, the rotation of the first rotary shaft 25 of the mono lever 20 is started. The first rotating shaft 25 is moved so that the line connecting the moving fulcrum 25a and the operating fulcrum P substantially coincides with the axis Q of the first rotating shaft 25.
The inclination angle .alpha.1 between the axis of the shaft and the horizontal line R extending horizontally in the front-rear direction from the rotation fulcrum 25a is set. The present inventors have confirmed through experiments that the operability is good when the inclination angle α1 is set to about 10 degrees. In the forward / reverse switching operation, the operation amount of the mono lever 20 is set at a predetermined operation angle α4 from the neutral position to the forward position, and the operation amount from the neutral position to the reverse position is set at a predetermined operation angle α5. The predetermined operation angles α4 and α5 are set such that the maximum stroke during the forward / reverse switching operation is smaller than the maximum stroke during the left / right operation. As shown in FIG. 4, the upper surface of the armrest 10 in front of the vicinity of the operation fulcrum P is inclined forward and downward substantially in accordance with the predetermined inclination angle α1. Further, the base 61 is held so that the arm is substantially horizontal with the mono lever 20 held.
The height from the grip to the mono lever 20 is set.

[00 28] As a result, the operator is Monoreba 20
Since the rotation center of the mono lever 20 (that is, the first rotation shaft 25) when the steering operation is performed in the left-right direction passes through the operation fulcrum P, the operation fulcrum P and the grip portion (palm center position) of the mono lever 20 The path of a straight line connecting the two has a shape substantially equal to a conical shape having the first rotation shaft 25 as an axis. This means that the distance between the operation fulcrum P and the grip portion of the monolever 20 does not substantially change even when the monolever 20 is operated, and the operator operates the operation fulcrum P in the left-right direction without moving the position of the operation fulcrum P. I can do it. Further, the operation is easy because the arm can be operated in a substantially horizontal state.

[00 29] Next, a description will be given mainly link mechanism or the like of Monoreba steering apparatus according to the present invention by 5 to 11 with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a plan view of the monolever steering device. A palm rest 20A on which the lower part of the palm rests is integrally formed below the monolever 20. The mono lever 20 is connected to the first rotation shaft 25 at a position of a rotation fulcrum 25a. In FIG.
And a cylinder provided on the grip of the mono lever 20
The center line S passing through the center of the grip portion has a rotation fulcrum 2 such that the operator's front side of the monolever 20 faces the driver's seat side, that is, the inside of the grip is more forward than the outside.
5a, and is inclined by a predetermined angle α0 with respect to a horizontal line R horizontal in the left-right direction. The axis Q of the first rotation shaft 25 forms a predetermined inclination angle αa with respect to a line M passing through the rotation fulcrum 25a and extending in the vehicle front-rear direction. As described above, since the grip of the monolever 20 is inclined at a predetermined angle α0 with respect to the left and right direction, the palm when gripping the grip faces the driver's seat side and assumes a natural palm direction.
Since the direction of the rotation axis in the left-right direction is arranged at a predetermined angle αa with respect to the front-rear direction, the mono lever 20 can be easily operated in the left-right direction while holding the grip in a natural palm posture as described above. It has become. Note that the present inventors have found that the predetermined angle α0 is about 8 degrees and the predetermined angle α
It has been confirmed that a good operation feeling can be obtained when a is set to about 4 degrees.

[00 30] FIG. 6 is Z as viewed in FIG. 5, is a view from the driver's seat forward. In the same figure, the mono lever 20 is shown in FIG.
5 can be operated in the left-right direction about a rotation fulcrum 25a of the first rotation shaft 25. The upper end of the grip at the neutral position of the mono lever 20 is inclined at a predetermined angle (for example, about 30 ° to 45 °) with respect to the horizontal plane toward the operator. The maximum operation angle from the neutral position of the mono lever 20 to the right turning stroke end position C is set to a predetermined angle α2, and the maximum operation angle from the neutral position to the left turning stroke end position B is set to a predetermined angle α3. I have. The predetermined angle α2 and the predetermined angle α3 are between 0 ° and 90 ° with respect to the horizontal plane when the palm is operated in the range from the innermost maximum stroke end position C to the outermost maximum stroke end position B in the left-right direction. Is set to In addition, a concave portion 20C for hanging a thumb on the grip portion of the monolever 20 is formed. In the experiments of the present inventors, good results were obtained by setting the predetermined angles α2 and α3 to about 30 degrees. Thus, the posture in which the grip of the mono-lever 20 is grasped becomes the natural posture of the palm, so that the operator can operate in a comfortable state. Further, the mono lever 20 is moved in the left-right direction to the maximum stroke end position B,
Even if the operation is performed up to C, the palm does not face the opposite hand direction from the horizontal direction and does not face upward from the vertical state, so that the return of the palm does not increase and the operability of the mono lever 20 is good. Further, since the concave portion 20C for hanging the thumb is formed on the grip portion of the monolever 20, the operation of the monolever 20 can be stably performed even when the work vehicle vibrates.

[00 31] In addition, (details will be described later with reference to FIG. 11) attached to the two rotating gears 26, 26 to the front end portion of the first pivot shaft 25 spring 26A tension between is attached . Note that components denoted by other reference numerals are denoted by the same reference numerals in FIG. 4, and description thereof will be omitted.

[00 32] FIG. 7 is a Y view of Fig. 6 is a side view from the operator side. In FIG.
A speed stage changeover switch 20a for shifting up or down the transmission is arranged at the tip of the grip portion. This speed stage changeover switch 20
a is constituted by a seesaw type changeover switch,
At the center of the operation button is provided a raised portion having a predetermined height, and above and below the raised portion are provided shift-up and shift-down operating portions, respectively. Inside the mono lever 20, a shift-up switch and a shift-down switch (not shown) which are operated by turning on / off each operation unit are built in, and signals of the switches are input to the controller 70 via a cable (not shown). I have. Also,
The mono lever 20 is connected to the first rotation shaft 25 via a connecting member 20B. The axis Q of the first rotation shaft 25 when the mono lever 20 is in the neutral position and the horizontal line R extending horizontally in the front-rear direction from the rotation fulcrum 25a form a predetermined inclination angle α1 as described above. Also, the second bearing member 3
A swing arm 31 is attached to an end surface (here, a right end surface) of the second rotation shaft 29 that is supported by the shaft 0. The detection switch 5 is provided on the side surface of the base 61 via a mounting plate 55.
0, 51, 52 are attached. By operating the mono lever 20 forward with respect to the traveling direction of the work vehicle, the swing arm 31 activates the transmission forward detection switch 50, and by operating the mono lever 20 rearward, the reverse detection switch is operated. When the lever 52 is operated and the mono lever 20 is returned to the neutral position, the neutral position detection switch 51 is operated. The signals from these detection switches 50, 51, 52 are input to the controller 70 shown in FIG.

[00 33] FIG. 8 is an X-view of figure 6, a view from the outside of the driver's seat (where the left side is). FIG. 9 is a view as viewed in the direction of the axis Q of the first rotation shaft 25 in FIG. 8 and is an explanatory view of a main part of the first bearing member 27. In these drawings, the same components as those in the above-described drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. The swing arm 32 shown in FIG. 9 has a central portion connected to the end face of the first rotation shaft 25, and is attached such that the arms on both sides thereof are substantially horizontal in the left-right direction. A pair of left and right spring boxes 33, 33 is attached to the rear side surface of the first bearing member 27 via a mounting plate 27a. Each spring box 33 has two types of springs 33b, 3 having different urging forces.
A push member 33a urged upward by 3c is housed therein, and a pair of left and right spring boxes 33, 33 is pivoted by the respective push members 33a, 33a.
Of both arms are pressed upward. This allows
The pair of left and right spring boxes 33, 33 can apply a predetermined change in operating force at the time of turning the mono lever 20 left and right, for example, so that the operating position at which the clutch or brake starts to work can be known. And
Further, when returning the mono lever 20 to the neutral position, the neutral position is reliably defined by the urging forces from both the left and right directions, so that the operability can be improved.

[00 34] Next, the appearance of Monoreba steering apparatus, FIG. 10 (a), the FIG. 10 (b), described with reference in Figure 10 (c). The armrest 10 is fixed on the upper part of the console box 15. In front of the armrest 10,
A palm lever 20A is integrally formed, and a mono lever 20 provided with a speed-gear changeover switch 20a for operating up-shift or down-shift of the transmission gear is provided. At the front of the console box 15, a recess 15b is formed on the outer side surface of the driver's seat along the front-rear direction. The length of the concave portion 15b in the front-rear direction is formed to be substantially the same as the maximum stroke in the front-rear direction from the forward position to the reverse position when the mono lever 20 is switched between forward and backward. With this, when the mono lever 20 is operated to switch the transmission forward or backward, the mono lever 20 is held with, for example, the thumb, the index finger and the middle finger, and the remaining fingers The hand can be fixed by hooking the tips of (for example, the ring finger and the little finger) on the concave portion 15b.
Therefore, the body can be stabilized at all times during the operation of the work vehicle, and the mono lever 20 can be stably operated even if the work vehicle vibrates.

[00 35] will now be described with reference to the exploded view of the link mechanism of Monoreba steering apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention in FIG. 11 with reference to FIG. A palm lever 20A for supporting the palm is integrally formed, and a mono lever 20 having a speed stage changeover switch 20a for switching a speed stage of the transmission is provided. The mono lever 20 is connected to a protruding portion 25A of the first rotation shaft 25 via a connecting member 20B. Both ends of the first rotating shaft 25 are provided with bearing flanges 2.
5b and 25c respectively. Bearing flange 25
A rotating gear 26 composed of one rotating gear 26a of a pair of left and right gears and the other rotating gear 26b is rotatably attached to the connecting member 25d attached to the connecting member 25d. A pair of left and right stoppers 26c, 2 is provided at the lower center of the connecting member 25d.
6c is fixedly provided. On the front end face of the first rotating shaft 25,
A turning member 2 having an arm 25e provided to protrude forward at a position radially away from the turning center axis by a predetermined length.
5 g are installed. The arm 25e is located inside a pair of left and right rotation gears 26a and 26b,
In addition, the distal end portion is set so as to be able to engage with the inner end surfaces of both gears, and the arm 25e engages the rotating gear 26a or the rotating gear 26b with the rotation of the first rotating shaft 25. It is designed to rotate. Left and right pair of rotating gears 26
a and the rotating gear 26b are a pair of left and right stoppers 2 respectively.
6c, 26c is rotatable on one side, and the rotating gear 26a
Is rotated from the left side to the lower center in the drawing, the inner end face thereof hits the stopper 26c and stops, and does not further rotate to the right side. Similarly, when the rotating gear 26b rotates from the right side to the lower center in the drawing, its inner end surface hits the stopper 26c and stops, and does not further rotate to the left. A tension spring 26A is attached between the two rotating gears 26a, 26b, and when either one of the two rotating gears 26a, 26b rotates in a direction away from each other, the tension spring 26A returns to the original position. In this case, the rotating gears 26a and 26b can be smoothly returned while being brought into contact with the arm 25e when returning.

[00 36] The other end of the first pivot shaft 25 is bearing flange 2
5c, the swing arm 32 is attached to the rear end face. With the front and rear portions of the first rotating shaft 25 rotatably fitted in the bearing flanges 25b and 25c, respectively, the shaft support portions of the bearing flanges 25b and 25c are paired with the front and rear concave portions 27C of the first bearing member 27. , 27C. The mounting portions of the bearing flanges 25b and 25c
Each is fastened to the front and rear surfaces of the first bearing member 27 with a bolt or the like. Supports 27 </ b> A and 27 </ b> A provided with screw holes are provided on the side surface of the first bearing member 27 on one side in the front-rear direction (here, front side).
A and 27B are fixed. The two potentiometers 53 and 54 for detecting the amount of turning operation in the left-right direction are
The rotation gear 26 is connected via a gear attached to the rotation shaft.
a and 26b are engaged with the support 27, respectively.
A, 27A, 27B are attached using fastening members such as bolts. Thus, when the mono lever 20 is rotated in the left-right direction, the rotation angles of the rotation gears 26a, 26b are detected by the potentiometers 53, 54, respectively, and the respective detection signals are input to the controller 70 shown in FIG. You. A connecting member 28 is attached to the bottom of the first bearing member 27. The upper part of the mounting plate 27a is attached to the other (here, rear) side surface of the first bearing member 27,
The lower portion of the mounting plate 27a is attached to the connecting member 28. Spring boxes 33, 33 are attached to the mounting plate 27a. The spring boxes 33, 33 are attached so that the respective pressing members 33a, 33a contact the left and right ends of the swing arm 32.

[00 37] The first bearing member 27 is coupled to the second pivot shaft 29 via a connecting member 28. With the bearing flanges 29a and 29b fitted in the left and right ends of the second rotating shaft 29, the bearings of the bearing flanges 29a and 29b are mounted in the left and right recesses 30A of the second bearing member 30, respectively. The two rotation shafts 29 are supported by the second bearing member 30. Bearing flange 2
The mounting portions 9 a and 29 b are attached to the left and right side surfaces of the second bearing member 30. The second projecting from the bearing flange 29a
A swing arm 31 is attached to one end surface of the rotating shaft 29, and a detent 35 is attached to the other end surface of the coaxial 29 protruding from the bearing flange 29b. Also, the second bearing member 3
Reference numeral 0 is attached to a base 61, and the base 61 is attached to a bottom plate 60 of the console box. Base 61
The detection switch 5 is mounted on one side of the
0, 51, and 52 are provided, and the detection switches 50, 51, and 5 are provided at predetermined positions when the swing arm 31 swings.
The mounting position is set so as to come into contact with 2. Further, a detent receiving member 36 is provided on the other side of the base 61 for engaging the detent 35 to position the mono lever 20 in the forward, backward and neutral operation positions.

[00 38] Next, a second embodiment of Monoreba steering apparatus according to the present invention FIG. 12 will be described with reference to FIG. 13. FIG. 12 is a side view of the monolever steering device according to the present embodiment, and shows an example in which, compared to the configuration described in the first embodiment, the rotation gear 26 is configured with one and the tension spring 26A is omitted. ing. Except for this, the configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment. A configuration in which the rotation gear 26 is constituted by one will be described with reference to an exploded view of a link mechanism shown in FIG. In the following, only the configuration different from that of the first embodiment will be described, and components denoted by the same reference numerals as those of the other first embodiments will be the same components and will not be described. One end side (the front end side in this example) of the first rotating shaft 25 is rotatably fitted into a bearing flange 25b, and a rotating gear 26 is attached to an end face protruding from the flange 25b. . This rotating gear 26
Is used to connect the first rotating shaft 25 to a pair of bearing flanges 25b, 25b.
The first potentiometer 27 is rotatably supported via a pair c. The first bearing 27 is attached to one side surface (in this example, the front surface) of the first bearing member 27 in a state in which the two potentiometers 53 and 54 are engaged. First
The left-right rotation angle of the rotation shaft 25, that is, the left-right rotation operation amount of the mono lever 20 is detected by the two potentiometers 53 and 54, respectively. In the present embodiment, since the left and right turning operation amount of the mono lever 20 is detected by one rotation gear 26, the function of detecting the left and right turning operation amount can be satisfied if there is originally one potentiometer. The reason why two potentiometers 53 and 54 are provided is to provide a safety design in which when one of the potentiometers fails, the left / right turning operation amount can be detected based on a signal from the other potentiometer. is there. Further, since the number of the rotation gear 26 is one compared to the first embodiment, the number of components is small, and the configuration is simplified.

[00 39] As described above, the main part, wherein the first and second embodiments of the Monoreba steering apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. Referring to FIG. 4 14 (a), FIG. 14 (b) , FIG.
5 will be described. FIG. 14A shows a plan view when the mono lever is operated, and FIG. 14B shows a three-dimensional view when the mono lever is operated. As shown in FIG. 14B, with the operator's elbow placed on the armrest 10 and the grip portion of the mono lever 20 held, as described in FIG. 4, the rotation fulcrum 25a of the first rotation shaft 25 and the lower part of the elbow are used. Is substantially coincident with the axis Q of the first rotating shaft 25. That is, the angle formed by the line connecting the rotation fulcrum 25a of the first rotation shaft 25 and the operation fulcrum P below the elbow with the horizontal line R is the first angle.
The axis Q of the rotation shaft 25 is set so as to be substantially equal to the inclination angle α1 formed with the horizontal line R. Thereby, when the mono lever 20 is turned left and right, the trajectory of a straight line connecting the center of the grip portion (the center of the palm) and the operation fulcrum P below the elbow has the operation fulcrum P as the vertex and the first trajectory. It becomes a conical surface J with the rotation fulcrum 25a of the dynamic shaft 25 as the center point of the bottom surface. This means that the distance from the center of the grip portion to the operation fulcrum P below the elbow during the left-right turning operation is constant. That is, as shown in FIG. 14A, the mono lever 20 is moved from the neutral position A to the left turning stroke end position B,
Alternatively, when the lever 20 is operated from the neutral position to the right turning stroke end position C, there is no change in the linear distance between the line segments PA, PB and PC. Therefore, even if the mono lever 20 is operated left and right, there is no need to move the operation fulcrum P below the elbow, so that fine operability is improved, and furthermore, fatigue is reduced and operability is improved even when driving for a long time.

[00 40] FIG 15 is a diagram for explaining the operation when working in the lateral direction with the palm to the palm rest 20A of Monoreba 20. The angle α6 formed by the palm line N and the horizontal horizontal line R passing through the rotation fulcrum 25a of the first rotation shaft 25 when the monolever 20 is operated out of the driver's seat (to the right in the drawing) at the maximum stroke. Less than 90 °, that is, so that the palm does not turn upward during the maximum maximum stroke,
It is set so that the return of the palm does not become large. Also,
The angle α7 formed by the palm line G and the horizontal line R (equivalently compared with the horizontal line H in the figure) when the mono lever 20 is operated to the maximum stroke inside the driver's seat is greater than 0 °. 20 is set so that the return to the inside of the palm does not increase even if the maximum stroke is operated inward. Thus, the operability at the time of the left-right operation is good.

[00 41] As described above, according to Monoreba steering device for a working vehicle according to the present invention, be engineered Monoreba in a state where the operator armrest multiplied by elbows in the lateral direction, the operation under the elbow fulcrum P and Monoreba Does not change, so that there is no need to shift the operation fulcrum P below the elbow during left and right operations. Therefore, since the operation is always performed with the arm stabilized, fine operability can be improved, and fatigue can be reduced even when driving for a long time, thereby improving operability.

[00 42] Further, since a recess along the longitudinal direction on the outside portion of the console box, while the least thumb Monoreba, or loaded with one of the thumb and fingers (e.g. index and middle fingers, etc.) The arms can be fixed by hooking the tips of the remaining fingers on this recess.
As a result, the hand is fixed, so that the operation amount at the time of the fine operation can be easily adjusted, the fine operability is improved, and the body can be stabilized even when the work vehicle vibrates. Can be improved. Furthermore, since the concave portion of the console box is formed with respect to the traveling direction of the work vehicle, the mono lever is formed over a maximum stroke range in the front-rear direction of operating the transmission forward or backward, so that the mono lever is moved before or after operating the transmission forward or backward. Over the range of the maximum stroke in the direction, the recess can be used to lock the arm and operate the monolever. Therefore, the body can be constantly stabilized during operation of the work vehicle, and operability can be improved.

[00 43] Further, since the form raised sidewall on the outer portion of the upper surface to the armrest, by fixing the operator's elbows in the sidewall, it is possible to further stabilize the hand against vibrations of the vehicle, Monoreba Operation can be performed reliably.

[00 44] Further, Monoreba is, since the integrally formed palm rest support by a predetermined angle inclined palm of an operator in a downward, can be applied to the palm rest to the palm in a natural orientation. In addition, since the concave portion for hanging the thumb is formed in the grip portion, the mono lever can be operated stably even when the work vehicle vibrates.

[00 45] Further, Monoreba, as palm unsuitable upward when the maximum stroke of Monoreba outward in the left-right direction, also, the upper palm is a horizontal plane when the maximum stroke of Monoreba in the lateral inward I have to be. Therefore, even if the mono lever is operated up to the maximum stroke end in the left-right direction, the return to the inside or outside of the palm does not increase, so that the mono lever can always be operated in a stable state.

[00 46] In addition, the arm rest, because it is formed by a predetermined angle inclined toward the front from the operation fulcrum P under the elbow of the operator, the lower surface of the forearm touches the armrest when the turning operation the Monoreba in the lateral direction Because there is no operation, it is easy to operate the mono lever without disturbing the operation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of an example of a work vehicle to which a monolever steering device according to the present invention is applied.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a cab.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the entirety of a first embodiment of a monolever steering device for a work vehicle according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a side view of the mono-lever steering device of the work vehicle.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of the monolever operating device of the work vehicle.

FIG. 6 is a Z view of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a Y view of FIG. 6;

FIG. 8 is an X view of FIG. 6;

9 is a view as viewed in the direction V in FIG.

FIG. 10 (a) shows the appearance of the monolever steering device in plan view, FIG. 10 (b) shows the appearance of U in FIG.
(C) shows the appearance in T view of (a).

FIG. 11 is an exploded view of the link mechanism of the monolever steering device according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 12 is a side view of a monolever steering device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is an exploded view of a link mechanism of the monolever steering device according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a view for explaining the operation of the monolever steering device for a work vehicle according to the present invention, wherein (a) is a plan view,
(B) is a three-dimensional view.

FIG. 15 is a diagram illustrating the operation of the palm rest of the monolever steering device according to the present invention.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory view of a conventional monolever steering device for a work vehicle, wherein (a) is a plan explanatory view and (b) is a side sectional view.

[Description of Signs] 10 ... armrest, 10a ... sidewall, 15 ...
Console box, 15b recess, 20 mono lever, 20A palm rest, 20C recess, 20a speed switch, 25 rotation shaft, 25a rotation fulcrum, 26a, 26b, 26 rotation gear, 27: first bearing member, 29: second rotating shaft, 30: second bearing member, 31,
32 ... swing arm, 33 ... spring box, 35 ...
Detent, 36 ... Detent receiving member, 50, 51, 52
... Detection switch, 53, 54 ... Potentiometer, P ...
Operation fulcrum.

──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) G05G 1/26 G05G 1/26 (72) Inventor Harumo Nishida 120, Chizuka, Nozu-cho, Ono-gun, Oita Prefecture, Ltd. Komatsu Ltd.Practical Testing Department (72) Inventor Akifumi Inamaru 120 Oji-gun Nozu-cho, Oita Prefecture Oji Chizuka 120 Co., Ltd.Komatsu Manufacturing Practical Testing Dept. (72) Inventor Ritsuo Fuse 2-1215-5 Nisshin-cho, Omiya-shi, Saitama F-term (reference) 2D003 AA02 AB01 BA01 CA02 DA04 DB04 DB05 EA00 EA02 EA05 FA02 2D015 EB00 3D040 AA01 AA22 AB04 AB08 AC15 AC24 AD05 AD06 3J052 AA02 GA07 GB03 GC01 LA07 3J070 AA04 BA11 CB01 CC07 DA03

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. An armrest attached to the upper surface of a console box installed on one of the left and right sides of a driver's seat, and a monolever arranged in front of the armrest, the monolever being rotated in the front-rear direction and the left-right direction, respectively. When operating in the left-right direction in a mono-lever steering device of a work vehicle that performs forward and backward switching and steering operation of the work vehicle by operating, from the operation fulcrum (P) below the elbow of the operator hung on the armrest (10) A monolever operating device for a work vehicle, wherein the distance to the grip of the monolever (20) is operable at a substantially constant distance. 2. The mono-lever operating device for a work vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the first rotation shaft (25) rotates the mono-lever (20) in the left-right direction.
A mono-lever operating device for a working vehicle, characterized in that the axis (Q) passes through the vicinity of the operating fulcrum (P) below the elbow of the operator hung on the armrest (10). 3. The monolever operating device for a work vehicle according to claim 2, wherein an upwardly protruding sidewall (10a) is formed on an outer portion of an upper surface of the armrest (10) from at least a position where an elbow is placed. A mono-lever steering device for a working vehicle, characterized in that: 4. The monolever operating device for a work vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the upper surface of the armrest (10) is inclined at a predetermined angle from near the position where the armrest of the operator rests on the front. Mono lever control device. 5. The monolever operating device for a working vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the monolever (20) integrally forms a palm rest (20A) for supporting a palm below a grip, and at a neutral position, The upper end of the grip is inclined at a predetermined angle (α0) so that the inner side of the grip is more forward than the outer side in the left-right direction, and is about 30 ° toward the operator with respect to a horizontal plane.
A monolever steering device for a work vehicle, wherein the device is inclined by 45 °. 6. The monolever operating device according to claim 2, wherein the angle (α6) between the palm line (N) and the horizontal plane when the monolever (20) is operated to the maximum stroke outward in the left-right direction. 9
A monolever operating device for a working vehicle, wherein the angle (α7) between the palm line (G) and the horizontal plane when the maximum stroke operation is performed in the left-right direction is 0 ° or less, and the angle (α7) is 0 ° or more. 7. The mono-lever operating device for a work vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the second rotation shaft (29) rotates the mono-lever (20) in the front-rear direction.
A mono-lever steering mechanism for a work vehicle, wherein the first lever is disposed below a first rotation shaft (25) for rotating in the left-right direction, and the maximum stroke in the front-rear direction is smaller than the maximum stroke in the left-right direction. apparatus. 8. The monolever operating device for a working vehicle according to claim 1, wherein a concave portion (15b) is formed in an outer portion of the console box (15) in a front-rear direction. 9. The monolever operating device for a work vehicle according to claim 8, wherein the recess (15b) of the console box (15) is connected to the monolever (2).
A monolever operating device for a working vehicle, wherein the monolever operating device is formed over a maximum stroke range at the time of the forward / reverse switching operation of (0). 10. A front and rear of a work vehicle by rotating a monolever disposed in front of an armrest attached to an upper surface of a console box installed on one of the left and right sides of a driver's seat in a front-rear direction and a left-right direction, respectively. In the operation method of the mono-lever steering device of a work vehicle that performs forward switching and steering operation, an operator's elbow is placed on an upper surface of an armrest (10), and a forearm portion is arranged along a sidewall (10a) provided outside the upper surface. In this state, the mono lever is turned with the palm facing diagonally downward on the driver's seat (3a) side and the driver's seat (3a) side of the grip part forward from the outside.
(2) After that, the mono lever (20) is rotated in the front-rear direction when switching between forward and backward, and / or when the vehicle is steered, the mono lever (20) is moved in the left-right direction and the outer side from the inner maximum stroke position. Until the maximum stroke position, the palm rotates within the range of 0 to 90 degrees, and the distance from the operating fulcrum below the elbow of the operator to the grip always remains substantially constant. When performing any of the above steps, place any finger other than the thumb on the recess (15b) provided along the front-rear direction on the outside of the console box (15), and hold the grip with at least the thumb or the thumb and the other remaining A mono-lever control device for a work vehicle, characterized in that it is operated by gripping with a finger, and when shifting the transmission speed, the speed shift switch (20a) disposed at the tip of the grip is shifted with the thumb. How to operate