JP2000148261A - Switching unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain the switching unit which can greatly improve the productivity and lower the cost by using components in common and simplifying wiring. SOLUTION: The switching unit 68 is equipped with a diode 72 connected to a signal line, a capacitor 74 connected behind the diode 72, a photodiode 69A connected to the connection point between the capacitor 74 and diode 72, a phototriac 69B which is interposed in the power line of equipment and turned on and off by the photodiode 69A, and a switching element 28 which controls the photodiode 69A. The switching element 28 is equipped with a transistor which controls the electrificiation of the photodiode 69A, a memory holding its ID code, an I/O interface which sends and receives data to and from the outside through the signal line, a CPU which controls the transistor according to the data from the I/O interface, and a capacitor which is charged while the signal line is at a high potential and discharged when at a low potential to supply electric power to the respective elements.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a switching unit for use in, for example, commercial / home refrigerators, low-temperature showcases, prefabricated refrigerators, air conditioners, vending machines, and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in refrigerators and low-temperature showcases of this type, a compressor constituting a cooling device,
Built-in condenser, cooler, etc., or compressor,
The condenser was placed separately, and the refrigerant discharged from this compressor was condensed in the condenser, depressurized by the decompression device, and then supplied to the cooler to exert a cooling effect, and cooled by this cooler. Cool air is circulated in the refrigerator by a cooling fan to cool to a predetermined low temperature.

Further, a condenser fan is installed around the compressor and the condenser, and the condenser and the compressor are air-cooled by the condenser fan.

[0004]

In such a cooling storage, temperature sensors are mounted according to various uses such as control of the temperature in the storage or protection of a compressor or a condenser, and the number of the sensors varies depending on the model. In addition, the number of fans and the number of dew-prevention heaters for preventing dew condensation differ depending on the model, so the wiring of the electrical system including switches that control them and the configuration of the control device that controls these also differ depending on the model. come.

[0005] For this reason, the productivity has been remarkably reduced, especially for business-use equipment produced in small quantities by other models, and improvement has been desired.

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional technical problems, and a switching unit capable of remarkably improving productivity and reducing costs by using common components and simplifying wiring. Is provided.

[0007]

According to the present invention, there is provided a switching unit including a rectifier connected to a signal line, a capacitor connected downstream of the rectifier, and a connection point between the capacitor and the rectifier. It is interposed between the photodiode and the power supply line of the equipment.
An N / OFF photo switch; and a switching chip for controlling the photodiode. The switching chip includes switching means for controlling energization of the photodiode, storage means having its own ID code, and a signal line. Transmission / reception means for exchanging data with the outside via the control means for controlling the switching means based on data from the transmission / reception means; charging while the signal line is at a high potential; And a power storage element that supplies power to each means while discharging.

According to the present invention, the control means of the switching chip controls the switching means based on the data from the external controller received by the transmission / reception means via the signal line to turn on / off the phototransistor by the photodiode. By doing so, the power supply to the device is controlled, so that the external controller can control the device without any trouble.

In this case, the entire switching unit including the switching chip operates by the power from the signal line for transmitting and receiving data, and the storage means has its own ID code. The external controller can identify the switching unit only by connecting the unit, and the wiring of the switching unit is completed. This makes it possible to wire the switching unit by a so-called plug-in,
Significant simplification of wiring can be achieved. Further, since the common software can be used on the external controller side regardless of the number of switching units, the cost can be remarkably reduced by sharing the components on the controller side.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a commercial refrigerator 1 as an embodiment to which the present invention is applied, and FIG. 2 is a wiring diagram of an electric system of the refrigerator 1. In FIG. 1, a refrigerator 1 has a main body 5 composed of a heat insulating box 2 opening to the front, and a storage room 3 inside the heat insulating box 2. The front opening of the storage room 3 is closed by a door 4 so that it can be opened and closed.

In the storage room 3, a cooler 6 constituting a refrigeration cycle of the cooling device and a cooling fan 7 driven by a motor are provided. A dew-proof heater 8 for preventing dew condensation is provided at the opening edge of the heat-insulating box 2, and a door 4 is provided.
An operation panel 11 of a control box 9 as an external controller is attached to the front of the device.

On the other hand, a machine room 12 is formed below the heat-insulating box 2, and in the machine room 12, the compressor 1 which forms a refrigerating cycle of a cooling device together with the cooler 6 is provided.
3, a condenser 14, a condenser fan 16, and the like.

When the compressor 13 is operated, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant discharged from the compressor 13 radiates heat in the condenser 14 to be condensed, decompressed by a decompression device (not shown), and supplied to the cooler 6. Is done. In the cooler 6, the refrigerant evaporates and exerts a cooling function. Thereafter, the low-temperature gas refrigerant returns to the compressor 13 again.

When the cooling fan 7 is operated, the cool air cooled by the cooler 6 is circulated into the storage room 3, whereby the inside of the storage room 3 is cooled. The condenser fan 1
6 is operated, the outside air is supplied to the condenser 14, the compressor 1
These are air cooled as they ventilate 3. Further, when the dew-proof heater 8 is energized, the opening edge of the heat insulating box 2 is heated,
Dew condensation is prevented.

Next, in FIG. 2, reference numeral 21 denotes an AC power supply line wired in the main body 5 of the cooling storage 1, and reference numeral 22 denotes a signal line for transmitting and receiving data. The control box 9 is connected to the AC power supply line 21 and the signal line 22, and the drive board 23 of the compressor 13, the power supply board 24 of each of the fans 7, 16 and the power supply board 26 of the anti-dew heater 8 are connected to an AC power supply. Connected to line 21.

The signal line 22 has a chip-shaped temperature sensor 27 and chip-shaped switching elements (switching chips) 28 attached to the drive board 23 and the power supply boards 24 and 26 via connectors. Connected. Although one switching element 28 is shown on the power supply board 24, each fan 7, 1
6 respectively.

In the embodiment, the drive board 23 and the power supply boards 24 and 26 are composed of the compressor 13, the fans 7, 1
6 and the dew-proof heater 8, the drive board 23 and the power supply boards 24 and 26 are combined with the respective switching elements 28 together with the compressor 1
3, a configuration in which each of the fans 7 and 16 and the dew-proof heater 8 are built in may be used.

According to this configuration, the wiring is completed only by connecting each switching element 28 built in the compressor 13, the fans 7, 16 or the dew-proof heater 8 to the connector of the signal line 22, so that the assembly is completed. -Wiring workability is further improved.

The structure of the control box 9 is shown in FIG.
Shown in The control box 9 is provided with a controller (substrate) 36. This controller 36
It comprises a CPU (microcomputer) 31, a memory 32 as storage means, an I / O interface 33, a bus I / O interface 34 as transmission / reception means, and the like.

The control box 9 has an LED.
And a switch 38 as an input means, and a switch 39. The display 37 and the switch 38 are connected to the I / O interface 33.
Connected to the operation panel 11.

The bus I / O interface 3
Reference numeral 4 is connected to the signal line 22 via the switch 39, and exchanges data with the temperature sensor 27, the switching elements 28,... Via the signal line 22.

The switch 39 is connected to an external personal computer P or the like via a communication line 42 such as a telephone line, and switches a signal system connected to the signal line 22 to a bus I in accordance with an instruction from the controller 36 or the personal computer P. The I / O interface 34 is switched to the communication line 42 and the connection between the bus I / O interface 34 and the communication line 42 is controlled.

In the controller 36, a predetermined communication protocol for performing data communication with the temperature sensor 27, the switching element 28, the personal computer P and the like, and software for identifying the temperature sensor 27 and the switching element 28 are set. It is assumed that

Next, the structure of the temperature sensor 27 is shown in FIGS. The temperature sensor 27 includes a CPU 43 as sensor-side control means and a memory 4 as storage means.
4 and an I / O interface 46 as transmission / reception means
, An A / D converter 47, a sensor unit 48 as a temperature detecting element connected to the A / D converter 47, a capacitor 49 as a power storage element, a diode 51 as a rectifying element, and the like. I have.

In this case, the capacitor 49 is connected to the diode 5
1, and each element is connected to a connection point between the diode 51 and the capacitor 49. Signal line 2
2, a potential (high potential) of, for example, +5 V is applied, and the data is composed of pulses that fall from the high potential to a low potential of 0 V, for example.

When the temperature sensor 27 is connected to the signal line 22, power is supplied to each element as long as the high-potential and low-potential pulse signals constituting the data are at the high potential, and the capacitor 49 is connected. Is also charged. During the low potential period, the capacitor 49 is discharged from the capacitor 49 to supply power to each element.

The temperature sensor 27 has Vcc (DC +
5V) A power supply terminal 45 is also provided, and is connected to a connection point between the diode 51 and the capacitor 49. If the Vcc power supply terminal 45 is connected to a power supply line, each element is supplied with power from the power supply line. It is configured so that it can also operate. That is, in this case, each element operates without filling the capacitor 49, so that the convenience is improved when it is desired to quickly operate the temperature sensor 27 at the time of inspection or the like.

Further, the CPU 43 takes in the temperature data detected by the sensor unit 48 via the A / D converter 47 and temporarily writes it into the memory 44. Then, the controller 36 is connected to the controller 36 via the signal line 22 by the I / O interface 46.
, The temperature data written in the memory 44 is transferred to the signal line 2 by the I / O interface 46.
2 to the controller 36.

Here, the memory 44 has the temperature sensor 27
An ID code of the sensor itself, identification data indicating that the sensor is used, set value data such as an alarm temperature, a protocol for performing data communication with the controller 36, and the like are stored. If a failure occurs in the temperature sensor 27, the failure data is also written to the memory 44,
Sent to controller 36.

The temperature sensor 27 is mounted on a substrate 52 having a width of about 5 mm as shown in FIG. 5, and is further housed in a case 53 and molded with a resin 54. At this time, the surface of the substrate 52 has been subjected to the primer treatment, and the adhesion and the waterproofness to the resin 54 have been improved.
56 is a lead wire drawn out of the substrate 52,
Its surface is also primed. Reference numeral 57 denotes a connector for connecting to the signal line 22.

FIG. 7 shows the structure of the switching element 28. The switching element 28 includes a CPU 58 as a switching element side control unit, a memory 59 as a storage unit, an I / O interface 61 as a transmission / reception unit, an I / O interface 62 as a driver, and an I / O interface 62 as a driver. , A transistor 63 as a switching means, a capacitor 64 as a power storage element, a diode 66 as a rectifying element, and the like.

In this case, the capacitor 64 is connected to the diode 6
6, and each element is connected to a connection point between the diode 66 and the capacitor 64. When the switching element 28 is connected to the signal line 22, power is supplied to each element as long as the high-potential and low-potential pulse signals constituting data are at the high potential as described above, and the capacitor 64 is also supplied to the capacitor 64. Charged. While the potential is low, the capacitor 64 discharges power to supply power to each element.

As shown by the broken line in FIG. 7, the switching element 28 is also provided with a Vcc (DC + 5V) power supply terminal 65 connected to the connection point between the diode 66 and the capacitor 64, and this Vcc power supply terminal 65 is connected to the power supply line. If connected, each element of the switching element 28 can operate even by power supply from the power supply line. That is, in this case, each element operates without filling the capacitor 64.
The convenience is improved when the user wants to operate the camera 8 quickly.

When ON / OFF data is transmitted from the controller 36 via the signal line 22 by the I / O interface 61, the CPU 58 turns ON / OFF the ON / OFF data.
The transistor 63 is turned on / off by the I / O interface 62 based on the F data.

Here, the memory 59 stores an ID code of the switching element 28 itself, identification data indicating that the switching element 28 is used, a protocol for performing data communication with the controller 36, and the like. If a failure has occurred in the switching element 28, the data is also written to the memory 59 and transmitted to the controller 36.

The switching element 28 is connected to each drive board 2
3. The switching unit 68 is wired on the power supply boards 24 and 26 as shown in FIG. That is, reference numeral 69 denotes a photocoupler including a photodiode 69A and a phototriac 69B as a photoswitch.
1 is a resistor, 72 is a diode as a rectifying element, and 73 is a capacitor 74 as a power storage element.

In this case, the capacitor 74 is connected to the diode 7
A resistor 7 is connected between the connection point of the diode 72 and the capacitor 74 and the collector terminal (indicated by S2 in FIG. 7) of the transistor 63 of the switching element 28.
1 and the photodiode 69A are connected in series. The terminal S1 (FIG. 7) of the switching element 28 is connected before the diode 72. The photo triac 69B is interposed between the AC power line 21 and the compressor 13, the fans 7, 15 and the dew prevention heater 8, respectively.

When the diode 72 is connected to the signal line 22, power is supplied to the photodiode 69A via the resistor 71 as long as the high-potential and low-potential pulse signals constituting data are at the high potential. , The capacitor 74 is also charged. While the potential is low, the capacitor 74 is discharged from the capacitor 74 to supply power to the photodiode 69A.

Similarly, the diode 72 and the capacitor 7
Vcc power supply terminal 60 is connected to the connection point
If the power supply terminal 60 is connected to the power supply line, the photodiode 69A can operate even by power supply from the power supply line. That is, in that case, each element operates without filling the capacitor 74.
Convenience is improved when it is desired to operate quickly at the time of inspection or the like.

The operation of the above configuration will be described. In this case, it is assumed that the switch 39 connects the bus I / O interface 34 to the signal line 22. First, refrigerator 1
The operation at the completion of the assembly will be described. Assuming that the temperature sensors 27 and the switching elements 28 are connected to the signal line 22, the CPU 31 of the controller 36 first scans the connection status of each element (the temperature sensor 27 and the switching element 28) to the signal line 22. .

The temperature sensor 27 and the switching element 28
CPUs 43 and 58 have their own I.P.S. stored in the memories 44 and 59 in response to polling from the controller 36.
Reply D code. The CPU 31 of the controller 36 identifies the connection status between the temperature sensor 27 and the switching elements 28.
, And thereafter, data is transmitted to each element using this ID code.

Next, the actual control operation will be described. The CPU 31 of the controller 36 polls the temperature sensor 27 at a predetermined cycle. This poll is based on the ID
It is based on code. CPU of the temperature sensor 27
43 transmits the temperature data to the controller 36 as described above in response to this polling. CP of controller 36
U31 temporarily writes the received temperature data into the memory 32, compares the temperature data with the set temperature, and turns ON / O.
The FF data is transmitted to the signal line 22 together with the ID code of the switching element 28 of the drive board 23.

The C of the switching element 28 of the drive board 23
When receiving the ON / OFF data of its own ID code, the PU 58 receives the ON / OFF data of the
Is turned ON / OFF. ON / O of this transistor 63
The photodiode 69A is turned ON (light emission) by the FF /
The photo triac 69B is turned on / off, thereby turning on / off the compressor 13.

Since the fans 7, 15 and the anti-condensation heater 8 are continuously energized, the ON / OFF data to that effect is
It is transmitted based on the ID code of the switching element 28 of each of the power supply boards 24 and 26. Each switching element 28 operates or energizes each of the fans 7, 15 or the dew-proof heater 8 based on the ON / OFF data.

FIG. 9 shows another example of the circuit of the switching unit 68. The same reference numerals as those in FIG. 8 denote the same parts. In this case, 76 is a photodiode 76
A and a phototransistor 76 constituting a photoswitch
B is a photocoupler. And diode 7
2 and capacitor 74 and switching element 28
A resistor 71 and a photodiode 76A are connected in series between the collector terminals (indicated by S2 in FIG. 7) of the transistor 63.

On the other hand, the AC power line 21 and the compressor 13
A triac 83 is interposed between each of the fans 7, 15 and the dew-proof heater 8, and a full-wave rectifier circuit 81 composed of a diode bridge is provided between both ends of the triac 83.
Are connected in parallel with an input side (upper and lower) of the capacitor 82 and a series circuit of the capacitor 82. The connection point between the rectifier circuit 81 and the capacitor 82 is connected to the gate of the triac 83.

A series circuit of a resistor 78 and a transistor 79 is connected to the output side (left and right) of the rectifier circuit 81, and a series circuit of a resistor 77 and the phototransistor 76B is connected in parallel to this series circuit. ing. The collector of the phototransistor 76B is a transistor 79.
Connected to the base.

With the above configuration, the CPU 58 of the switching element 28 of the drive board 23 turns on / off its own ID code.
When the FF data is received, the transistor 63 is turned ON / OFF as described above based on the FF data. By turning ON / OFF the transistor 63, the photodiode 76A turns ON (light emission) / OFF (turns off), whereby the phototransistor 76B turns ON / OFF.

The transistor 63 is turned on, the photodiode 76A is turned on, and the phototransistor 76B is turned on.
Then, the transistor 79 is turned off, and the triac 83 is also turned off. Therefore, in this state, the compressor 13 is stopped. Then, the transistor 63 is turned off.
Then, when the photodiode 76A is turned off and the phototransistor 76B is turned off, the transistor 79 is turned off.
N, and the triac 83 is also turned on. As a result, the compressor 13 is started. That is, in this case, ON / O of the transistor 63 of the switching element 28
The FF operation and the start / stop of the compressor 13 are opposite to those of the circuit of FIG.

If a failure has occurred in the temperature sensor 27 or the switching elements 28,..., The failure data is transmitted from the CPU of each element to the controller 36. Upon receiving the failure data, the CPU 31 of the controller 36 displays on the display 37 that the temperature sensor 27 or the switching element 28 has failed. Further, the switch 39 connects the bus I / O interface 34 to the communication line 42 to alert the personal computer P to that effect.

Further, when the CPU 31 of the controller 36 fails, the signal line 22 is connected to the communication line 42 by the switch 39 automatically or in accordance with an instruction from the personal computer P. As a result, the transmission / reception and control of data between each temperature sensor 27 and the switching element 28.
And each device is controlled by the control from the personal computer P.

The personal computer P has a plurality of refrigerators 1.
Are connected via the communication line 42, and when the control is changed by the personal computer P due to a failure as described above or according to an instruction from the personal computer P, the operation of each refrigerator 1. Centralized control. That is, in this case, for example, it is also possible to perform control such as shifting the activation timing of the compressors 13 of the refrigerators 1... To level power consumption.

In the embodiments, the present invention has been described using a commercial refrigerator. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and various electric devices such as a home refrigerator, a low-temperature showcase, a prefabricated refrigerator, an air conditioner, and a vending machine, The present invention is also effective for home automation and security systems in automobiles and houses.

[0054]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the control means of the switching chip controls the switching means based on the data from the external controller received by the transmission / reception means via the signal line, and controls the switching means. By turning on / off the phototransistor, the power supply to the device is controlled, so that the external controller can control the device without any trouble.

In this case, the entire switching unit including the switching chip operates by the power from the signal line for transmitting and receiving data, and the storage means has its own ID code. The external controller can identify the switching unit only by connecting the unit, and the wiring of the switching unit is completed. This makes it possible to wire the switching unit by a so-called plug-in,
Significant simplification of wiring can be achieved. Further, since the common software can be used on the external controller side regardless of the number of switching units, the cost can be remarkably reduced by sharing the components on the controller side.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of a commercial refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an electrical wiring diagram of the refrigerator of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an electric circuit of the control box.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an electric circuit of the temperature sensor.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a temperature sensor.

FIG. 6 is a plan view showing a state where the temperature sensor is molded.

FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an electric circuit of the switching element.

FIG. 8 is an electric circuit diagram of a switching unit using a switching element.

FIG. 9 is an electric circuit diagram of a switching unit according to another embodiment using a switching element.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Refrigerator 6 Cooler 7 Cooling fan 8 Dew-proof heater 9 Control box 13 Compressor 14 Condenser 16 Condenser fan 22 Signal line 27 Temperature sensor 28 Switching element 31, 43, 58 CPU 32, 44, 59 Memory 46, 61 I / O interface 48 Sensor unit 49, 64, 74 Capacitor 51, 66, 72 Diode 63 Transistor 68 Switching unit 69, 76 Photocoupler 69A, 76A Photodiode 69B Phototriac 76B Phototransistor 81 Full-wave rectifier circuit 83 Triac

Continued on the front page F term (reference) 5G064 AA04 AB03 AC01 AC02 AC06 AC09 CB01 CB11 DA05 5H420 BB12 CC04 DD03 EA05 EA08 EB01 EB26 EB32 EB38 5K048 AA01 AA02 AA11 BA08 CA03 DA02 DC04 EA18 EB01 EB02 EB08 FB08

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A rectifier connected to a signal line, a capacitor connected at a stage subsequent to the rectifier, a photodiode connected to a connection point between the capacitor and the rectifier, and a power supply line of a device. A photo switch that is turned on / off by the photodiode; and a switching chip that controls the photodiode. The switching chip includes a switching unit that controls power supply to the photodiode, and an ID code of the switching chip. Storage means for holding data, transmitting and receiving means for exchanging data with the outside via the signal line, controlling means for controlling the switching means based on data from the transmitting and receiving means, and the signal line having a high potential. While charging,
A switching element comprising: a storage element that discharges while the potential is low to supply power to the respective units.