JP2000134886A - Reluctance motor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce machining cost of a rotor, and also to improve performance and efficiency of a reluctance motor. SOLUTION: In a reluctance motor, a rotor 10 is provided in a stator 1 for generating a rotating magnetic field. A mechanism part (skeleton) 10a of the rotor 10 punches a steel plate by an automatic press for a hole 10b of a part corresponding to a magnetic path from the stator 1 and a flux barrier 13, at the same time, unevenly pouches the outer periphery of the mechanism part 10a, and is automatically laminated in a die for forming. The magnetic steel plate is subjected to press machining in a specific section shape. At pressing, the magnetic steel plate, where a projection part 12 is formed is used, an air layer (a) is included without allowing a plurality of magnetic steel plates 11a to adhere to one another, is overlapped, is embedded into the hole 10b of the hole mechanism part 10a as the rotor 10.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a reluctance motor for an electric motor used for an air conditioner, an automobile, and the like, and more particularly, to a reluctance motor characterized by a rotor mechanism.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art This reluctance motor is, for example, shown in FIG.
And the configuration shown in FIG.

In FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, a magnetic steel plate portion 2 in which a plurality of magnetic steel plates bent in a bathtub curve in section are laminated in a stator 1 for generating a rotating magnetic field in order to generate a reluctance torque. A rotor 5 fixed by screws 4 to the boss portion 3 of the polygonal pillar by the number of poles is arranged.
The magnetic steel plate 2 is formed such that the bottom of the bathtub cross-sectional shape faces the center hole (for the shaft) 6, and changes the magnetism of the rotating magnetic field of the stator 1 in the rotor 5, that is, the protrusion as non-uniform reluctance. Form poles.

Specifically, the d-axis and q-axis reluctance X
Reluctance torque is generated according to the ratio of d and Xq (Xd / Xq; salient pole ratio), and a so-called rotor 5 generates a rotational force. In this case, the magnetic steel plate portion 2 intervenes at a right angle in one (q-axis) magnetic passage due to the rotating magnetic field generated by the stator 1, and the magnetic steel plate portion 2 in the other (d-axis) magnetic passage.
Intervenes along. The d-axis magnetism passes through the magnetic steel plate portion 2 to form a salient pole portion, and the reluctance ratio (Xd / Xq)
Becomes larger.

[0005] By the way, the reluctance motor preferably has a large reluctance ratio (salient pole ratio), that is, a large generated torque. For this reason, various types of rotors have been proposed. However, it is known that the axial laminate type shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 can increase the salient pole ratio. At present, this axial laminate type rotor is known. Can be said to be extremely realistic.

In FIGS. 7 and 8, the rotor 5
The case where the magnetic steel plate portion 2 having a four-layer structure is formed is described above, but the same applies to the case of a multilayer structure having two or more layers.

[0007]

However, in the reluctance motor, magnetic steel plates are bent and laminated, and the laminated magnetic steel plate portions 2 are connected to boss portions 3 of polygonal columns.
However, there is a disadvantage that the processing of the boss portion 3 is troublesome, that is, the processing cost is high.

In addition, the outer diameter of the magnetic steel plate portion 2 on which the magnetic steel plates are piled up varies, and particularly, the both ends of the magnetic steel plate portion 2 serving as salient pole portions become uneven, so that the motor performance varies. Become. Therefore, there is a disadvantage that the yield of the motor production is low and the production cost is increased.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has as its object to reduce the processing cost of the rotor, reduce the manufacturing cost, and improve the motor performance.
Further, it is an object of the present invention to provide a reluctance motor in which the salient pole ratio is increased to improve the efficiency of the motor.

[0010]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a reluctance motor having a rotor in a stator for generating a rotating magnetic field, wherein the rotor comprises:
A portion that becomes a magnetic path from the stator and a mechanical portion that embeds the same portion as the number of poles, the mechanism portion is formed by laminating a plurality of steel plates, and the magnetic path portion has a predetermined sectional shape. It is characterized in that a plurality of magnetic steel plates are stacked without interposing an air layer therebetween so as to form a magnetic steel plate portion, and the magnetic steel plate portion is embedded in a portion serving as a magnetic path of the mechanism section.

The mechanical part of the rotor is formed by automatically punching a steel plate in at least a hole corresponding to a portion forming a magnetic path from the stator by means of an automatic press, and by punching the outer periphery of the mechanical part into a mold. Automatic lamination within
After the magnetic steel sheets are automatically pressed to a predetermined cross-sectional shape, the stacked magnetic steel sheets with an air layer interposed therebetween may be embedded in the holes without a plurality of magnetic steel sheets being in close contact with each other.

The magnetic steel sheet having the predetermined cross-sectional shape is formed with a projection at the same time as the magnetic steel sheet is obtained by pressing.
When the magnetic steel plates are stacked to form the magnetic steel plate portion, it is preferable that an air layer be present between the adjacent magnetic steel plates by the protrusions.

[0013] The height of the protrusion is 1/1 of the magnetic steel plate.
The number should be 5 or more.

[0014] The shape of the protruding portion is such that it comes into line contact, surface contact, or point contact with an adjacent magnetic steel plate,
In addition, the protrusion may be formed by protrusion or half-blanking.

[0015] The magnetic steel plate portion is formed by stacking a plurality of magnetic steel plates having an arc-shaped cross section, forming a fan-shaped cross-section with the arc-shaped apexes facing the center hole, and equidistant in the circumferential direction by the number of poles. Preferably, the outer periphery of the rotor may be configured such that a portion corresponding to the inside of the fan-shaped section is a concave portion and a portion corresponding to an end portion of the fan-shaped cross section is a convex portion.

It is preferable that an inner flux barrier is formed on the d-axis portion in a region between the magnetic steel plate portion and the center hole, and a concave portion (near the q-axis) on the outer periphery of the rotor serves as a flux barrier.

The steel sheet or the magnetic steel sheet constituting the magnetic steel sheet part is a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, a non-oriented electrical steel sheet, or a cold-rolled steel sheet, and the mechanical part is a non-oriented electrical steel sheet or a cold-rolled steel sheet. Good to be.

It is preferable to incorporate a rotor in which the magnetic steel plate is embedded in the mechanism.

[0019]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to FIGS. In the figure,
The same parts as those in FIG. 7 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted.

According to the reluctance motor of the present invention, a steel plate having an irregular outer periphery is punched out by an automatic press, and at the same time, a hole in the shape of a magnetic steel plate portion formed by laminating a plurality of magnetic steel plates having a sectional shape corresponding to a magnetic path is formed. By punching for several minutes and automatically laminating, if the magnetic steel plate part is embedded in these holes and an air layer is interposed between magnetic steel plates adjacent to the magnetic steel plate, the processing cost of the boss part fixing the magnetic steel plate part can be reduced. The motor performance is improved by eliminating the variation in the dimensions of the magnetic steel plate, and the presence of an air layer increases the salient pole ratio, thereby improving the efficiency of the motor. It pays attention to.

For this reason, as shown in FIG. 1, the rotor 10 of the reluctance motor has a magnetic section 11 having a fan-shaped cross section in which a plurality of magnetic steel sheets 11a having an arc-shaped cross section are stacked without interposing an air layer a therebetween. With the steel plate portion 11 in the circumferential direction by the number of poles and with the apex of the fan facing the center hole 6, the stator 1
It is formed by being buried at equal intervals in a portion that becomes a magnetic path from the outside.

The outer periphery of the rotor 10 has a shape along the inside of the magnetic steel plate portion 11 having a fan-shaped cross section (that is, the shape of the concave portion on the inner surface of the arc and the convex portions on both end surfaces thereof). A salient pole portion is formed in the portion.

In this case, the magnetic steel plate 11 of the magnetic steel plate portion 11
On one side of a, a plurality of protrusions 12 having a height of at least 1/5 (preferably about 1/2) of the same magnetic steel plate 11a are formed. Part 1
2, an air layer a exists between adjacent magnetic steel sheets 11a.

In the magnetic steel plate 11a of the magnetic steel plate portion 11, the protrusion 1
2 is not formed. That is, the magnetic steel plate portion 11 is
This is because the magnetic steel plate portion 11 can be stably fixed when the magnetic steel plate portion 11 is embedded in the zero mechanical portion (skeleton) 10a.

Both ends of the magnetic steel plate portion 11 having an arc-shaped cross section are arc-shaped along the outer periphery of the rotor 10.

Further, the center hole 6 and each fan-shaped magnetic steel plate portion 1
An inner flux barrier 13 for preventing short-circuit and leakage of magnetic flux is formed on a d-axis portion between the poles in a region between the outer and outer poles, and an outer flux barrier 14 is formed near the q-axis on the outer periphery of the core. Inner flux barrier 13
A caulking portion 15 formed at the time of automatic lamination, which will be described later, is provided on the end side (the outer peripheral end of the rotor 10) and on the d-axis.

This reluctance motor has three-phase (U-phase, V-phase and W-phase) armature windings on the stator 1 having 24 slots. Although the winding on the inner diameter side is W-phase and the intermediate winding is V-phase, the number of slots and the number of armature windings may be different.

Referring specifically to FIGS. 2 and 3, when manufacturing the rotor 10, a steel plate is punched by an automatic press using a die, and the rotor skeleton 10a is integrally formed by caulking in the die. Adopt automatic lamination method to form automatically.

In this press working step, as shown in FIG. 2, the center hole 6, the hole 10b for embedding the fan-shaped magnetic steel plate portion 11 and the inner flux barrier 13 are punched, and the outer flux barrier 14 is formed. The outer periphery of the rotor 10 is punched into an uneven shape (automatically pressed), and a mechanism (skeleton; equivalent to a conventional boss) 10a for fixing the magnetic steel plate 11 is formed.

The mechanical part 10a punched by the press working
Are stacked in a mold. At the time of this stacking, the caulking portion 15 is formed, and the mechanism portion 10a is caulked.

On the other hand, the magnetic steel plate portion 11 having a fan-shaped section is shown in FIG.
As shown in (1), magnetic steel plates having an arc-shaped cross section are formed by pressing to predetermined dimensions and stacked. When the magnetic steel plate portion 11 is embedded in the hole 10b of the skeleton, which is the mechanism portion 10a, the rotor 10 is completed.

As described above, the air layer a is interposed between the magnetic steel plates 11a of the magnetic steel plate portion 11, which is the path (magnetic path) of the magnetic flux from the stator 1, ie, between the adjacent magnetic steel plates 11a. Therefore, the salient pole ratio becomes larger than when the magnetic steel plates 11a are closely attached, that is, the reluctance torque increases, and the motor efficiency can be improved.

Further, the boss for fixing the magnetic steel plate 11 can be manufactured by a conventional automatic laminating method. That is, since the press work is sufficient, the processing cost of the boss can be reduced.

Furthermore, since the magnetic steel plate portion 11 is embedded in the hole 10b of the skeleton, the outer dimensions of the magnetic steel plate portion 11 fall within the range of the hole 10b. Accordingly, variations in external dimensions are eliminated, and particularly, since the surfaces at both ends are aligned (that is, the accuracy of the ends serving as salient poles is improved), there is no variation in motor performance.

Further, the inner flux barrier 13 along the d-axis and the outer flux barrier 14 near the q-axis can increase the reluctance ratio (salient pole ratio) between the d-axis and the q-axis.

The magnetic steel plate portion 11 has four layers (four sheets), but is not limited to this, and may have two layers (two sheets) or more, and preferably four layers or more.

By the way, as the protrusion 12, for example, protrusions 20, 21, 22 having the shapes shown in FIGS.
Can be considered. The protrusion 20 shown in FIG. 4 has a V-shaped cross section and is elongated in a direction perpendicular to the paper surface. Therefore, the tip of the protruding portion 12 is adjacent to the magnetic steel plate 11a
Will come into line contact with the surface. The protrusions 20 are formed at different positions on the adjacent magnetic steel plates 11a.

In this case, the magnetic steel plate 11 of the magnetic steel plate 11
When a is obtained by a press, a jig (punch) 2 of a press is used to form a projection 20 having a V-shaped cross section on the magnetic steel plate 11a.
A V-shaped protruding press is formed by providing a shape corresponding to the V-shaped cross section on the surface 0a.

The protrusion 21 shown in FIG. 5 is cylindrical (circular and rectangular (or square) in cross section). Therefore,
The tip of the projection 21 comes into surface contact with the surface of the adjacent magnetic steel plate 11a. The protrusions 20 are formed at different positions on the adjacent magnetic steel plates 11a.

In this case, each magnetic steel plate 1 of the magnetic steel plate portion 11
In order to form the columnar protrusion 21 on the magnetic steel plate 11a when obtaining 1a by pressing. Press jig (punch) 2
A press having a shape in which the surface of 1a is adjusted to the column shape is provided, and a circular half-punching press is used.

The protrusion 22 shown in FIG. 6 is substantially conical. Therefore, the tip of the projection 22 comes into point contact with the surface of the adjacent magnetic steel plate 11a. The protrusion 20
Are formed at different positions on the adjacent magnetic steel plates 11a.

In this case, each magnetic steel plate 1 of the magnetic steel plate portion 11
When 1a is obtained by pressing, in order to form the conical projection 22 on the magnetic steel sheet 11a, a pressing jig 22a having a shape conforming to the conical shape is provided on the surface of the pressing jig 22a. Press.

In forming the projections 20, 21, 22 as described above, the pressing jigs (punches) 20a, 20
Only the difference between 1a and 22a is required, and the manufacturing cost does not increase.

The magnetic steel plate 11a of the magnetic steel plate 11 may be a directional magnetic steel plate, a non-directional magnetic steel plate, a cold-rolled steel plate, or the like. As the skeleton mechanism 10a, a non-oriented electrical steel sheet or a cold-rolled steel sheet may be used. As a result, a material suitable for each application can be selected based on the magnitude and cost of the reluctance torque, that is, an adaptive motor can be realized.

Further, if the above-described rotor 10 is incorporated in an electric motor and is used as, for example, a motor of an air conditioner, the performance of the air conditioner can be improved (increase in operating efficiency, vibration and noise) without increasing costs. Lowering).

[0046]

As described above, according to the reluctance motor according to the first aspect of the present invention, in a reluctance motor having a rotor in a stator that generates a rotating magnetic field, the rotor is separated from the stator. And a mechanism for embedding the same portion as the number of poles as a magnetic path,
The mechanism section is formed by laminating a plurality of steel sheets, and forming a magnetic steel sheet section by laminating a plurality of magnetic steel sheets having a predetermined cross-sectional shape with an air layer interposed therebetween without closely adhering a plurality of magnetic steel sheets. Is embedded in the magnetic path of the mechanism, so that the magnetic steel plate forming the salient poles is embedded in the structural part, which causes variations in the motor performance due to variations in the outer dimensions of the magnetic steel plate. Therefore, the motor performance can be improved. Furthermore, since an air layer exists between the magnetic steel plates adjacent to the magnetic steel plate portion, the salient pole ratio is increased, and there is an effect that the motor efficiency can be improved by increasing the reluctance torque.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the mechanical portion of the rotor punches a steel plate by an automatic press at least in a hole corresponding to a portion serving as a magnetic path from the stator. The outer periphery of the mechanical part is punched out in an uneven shape and formed by automatically laminating in a mold, and a plurality of magnetic steel sheets are automatically pressed to a predetermined cross-sectional shape, and a plurality of magnetic steel sheets are stacked with an air layer interposed therebetween without being brought into close contact. Since the hole is embedded in the hole, in addition to the effect of claim 1, since the automatic press can be performed by the conventional method, it is possible to reduce the processing cost of the rotor, so that the motor cost does not increase. This has the effect of ending.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the first or second aspect, the magnetic steel sheet having the predetermined cross-sectional shape is formed with a projection at the same time as the magnetic steel sheet is obtained by pressing.
When the magnetic steel plates are stacked to form the magnetic steel plate portion, an air layer is present between the magnetic steel plates adjacent to each other due to the protrusions. In addition to the effects of claim 1 or 2,
The salient pole ratio can be increased with a simple structure called a protrusion, and the protrusion can be formed at the same time when the magnetic steel plate of the magnetic steel plate is pressed and obtained. This has the effect of requiring only a short time.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the height of the protrusion in the third aspect is not less than 1/5 of the magnetic steel sheet. Therefore, in addition to the effect of the third aspect, the d-axis and the q-axis reluctance Xd , Xq (the salient pole ratio can be maximized), and the efficiency of the motor can be maximized.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the shape of the projection in the third or fourth aspect is such that the adjacent magnetic steel plate is in line contact, surface contact or point contact, and the formation of the projection is protruding. Alternatively, since the half blanking is used, in addition to the effect of the third or fourth aspect, a sufficient air layer can be present between the adjacent magnetic steel plates, so that the salient pole ratio can be reliably increased.

According to the invention of claim 6, according to claim 1,
The magnetic steel plate portion in 2 or 3 is formed by stacking a plurality of magnetic steel plates having an arc cross section, forming a sector fan shape, directing the apex of the arc of the cross section to the center hole, and equidistant in the circumferential direction by the number of poles. The effect of claim 1, 2, or 3, wherein the outer periphery of the rotor is formed such that a portion corresponding to the inside of the fan-shaped section is a concave portion and a portion corresponding to the end side of the fan-shaped cross section is a convex portion. In addition, since the magnetic steel plate portion has a shape along the magnetic path from the stator and the concave portion serves as an outer flux barrier, the ratio of the d-axis to the q-axis reluctance Xd, Xq is increased to increase the salient pole ratio. There is an effect that can be.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the sixth aspect, d is set in a region between the magnetic steel plate portion and the center hole.
An inner flux barrier is formed in the shaft portion, and a concave portion (near the q axis) on the outer periphery of the rotor is used as a flux barrier. In addition to the effect of claim 6, the ratio of the d axis to the q axis reluctance Xd, Xq is reduced. There is an effect that it is possible to increase the salient pole ratio, that is, to increase the salient pole ratio.

According to the invention of claim 8, according to claim 1,
In 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or 7, the steel sheet or the magnetic steel sheet constituting the magnetic steel sheet part is a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet or a non-oriented electrical steel sheet or a cold-rolled steel sheet,
Since the mechanism part is a non-oriented electrical steel sheet or a cold-rolled steel sheet, in addition to the effects of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, for example, a directional electrical steel sheet is selected for the magnetic steel sheet part. If you do, you can get a good motor performance,
If a cold rolled steel plate is selected for the mechanical part, the cost of the motor can be reduced.In other words, the effect that the material of the mechanical part and the magnetic steel part constituting the rotor can be adaptively selected in consideration of the application and cost. is there.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the first aspect is provided.
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, or 8 because a rotor having the magnetic steel plate portion embedded in the mechanism portion is incorporated. In addition to the effects,
For example, if it is used as a motor of an air conditioner, the performance of the air conditioner can be improved (operation efficiency increased, vibration and noise reduced) without increasing cost.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a reluctance motor showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view for explaining a skeleton (mechanical unit) of a rotor of the reluctance motor shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view for explaining a magnetic steel plate portion embedded in a rotor of the reluctance motor shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional side view for explaining an embodiment of a protrusion of the rotor shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional side view for explaining another embodiment of the protrusion of the rotor shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional side view for explaining another embodiment of the protrusion of the rotor shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic plan view of a conventional reluctance motor.

FIG. 8 is a schematic side view illustrating a rotor of the reluctance motor shown in FIG. 8;

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Stator 6 Center hole (for shaft) 10 Rotor 10a Mechanical part (skeleton) 10b Hole (for embedding magnetic steel plate part 11) 11 Magnetic steel plate part (fan-shaped section) 11a Magnetic steel plate 12 Projection part 13 Inner flux barrier 14 Outer Blacks barrier 15 caulking part a air layer

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Satoshi Tsukamoto 1116 Suenaga, Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa F-term in Fujitsu General Limited (Reference) 5H002 AA01 AA07 AA09 AB04 AB05 5H619 AA01 AA03 AA05 AA07 BB01 BB06 BB22 BB24 PP02

Claims (9)

[Claims] In a reluctance motor having a rotor in a stator that generates a rotating magnetic field, the rotor includes a magnetic path from the stator and a mechanism that embeds the same portion as the number of poles. The mechanism section has a plurality of steel sheets laminated, and the portion serving as the magnetic path is stacked with a plurality of magnetic steel sheets having a predetermined cross-sectional shape interposed therebetween with an air layer interposed therebetween to form a magnetic steel sheet part. A reluctance motor, wherein the magnetic steel plate portion is embedded in a portion serving as a magnetic path of the mechanism portion. 2. A mechanism of the rotor, wherein at least a hole corresponding to a portion serving as a magnetic path from the stator is punched out of a steel plate by an automatic press, and an outer periphery of the mechanism is punched out in an irregular shape. 2. The magnetic steel sheet according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic steel sheet is formed by automatically laminating in a mold, and a plurality of magnetic steel sheets are automatically pressed to a predetermined cross-sectional shape, and then the stacked magnetic steel sheets are buried in the holes without interposing an air layer therebetween. Reluctance motor. 3. The magnetic steel sheet having a predetermined cross-sectional shape is formed with a projection at the same time as the magnetic steel sheet is obtained by press working. When the magnetic steel sheets are stacked to form the magnetic steel sheet part, the protrusion is formed. 3. The reluctance motor according to claim 1, wherein an air layer exists between adjacent magnetic steel sheets. 4. The height of the protrusion is one of the magnetic steel plates.
The reluctance motor according to claim 3, wherein the ratio is / 5 or more. 5. The projection according to claim 3, wherein the shape of the projection is line contact, surface contact or point contact with an adjacent magnetic steel plate, and the projection is formed by protrusion or half blanking. Reluctance motor. 6. The magnetic steel plate part is formed by laminating a plurality of magnetic steel plates having an arc-shaped cross section, forming a fan-shaped cross-section, with the arc-shaped apexes facing the center hole, and in the circumferential direction by the number of poles. 4. The rotor is configured such that a portion corresponding to the inner side of the fan-shaped cross section is a concave portion and a portion corresponding to an end portion of the fan-shaped cross section is a convex portion on the outer periphery of the rotor. 5. Reluctance motor. 7. An inner flux barrier is formed on a d-axis portion in a region between the magnetic steel plate portion and the center hole, and a concave portion (near the q-axis) on the outer periphery of the rotor serves as a flux barrier. 6. The reluctance motor according to 6. 8. The steel sheet or the magnetic steel sheet forming the magnetic steel sheet part is a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet, a non-oriented electrical steel sheet, or a cold-rolled steel sheet, and the mechanism part is a non-oriented electrical steel sheet or a cold-rolled steel sheet. Claims 1 and 2 which are steel plates.
The reluctance motor according to 3, 4, 5, 6 or 7. 9. A rotor incorporating the magnetic steel plate portion embedded in the mechanism portion.
The reluctance motor according to 6, 7, or 8.