JP2000131701A - Liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the deterioration in the quality of a display caused by the dispersion of spacers by forming pillar shaped bodies, which maintain liquid crystal holding intervals in lieu of spacers, in the regions other than the forming sections of active elements or the regions other than the portions opposing to the elements. SOLUTION: Liquid crystal driving elements 2 made of TFTs are formed in the vicinity of display sections 1. Pillar shaped bodies 3 are formed on signal lines 4 while avoiding liquid crystal driving element sections. If the bodies 3 are to be formed on the lines 4, it is desirable to form the bodies 3 on crossing sections 5 having a larger film thickness. Thus, the heights of the bodies to be formed are made small. If the bodies 3 are to be formed on black matrices, it is desirable to form the bodies 3 on the orthogonally crossing sections of the matrices and the matrices following the sections. The bodies 3 are formed by the same material of coloring pixels using a photomask while forming the pixels, for example.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a color liquid crystal display device, and more particularly, to a liquid crystal display device characterized by maintaining a distance between substrates holding liquid crystal and a method of manufacturing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A liquid crystal display device is formed by opposing a transparent substrate such as glass provided with a transparent electrode with a liquid crystal layer interposed therebetween, and orienting the liquid crystal in a certain direction by a voltage applied between the electrodes. The image is displayed using transparent and opaque parts. A color liquid crystal display device generally includes three colored pixels of red (R), green (G), and blue (B) on any one of transparent electrode substrates, and three primary colors are formed by a shutter action of liquid crystal. A desired color is displayed by adding colors.

Conventionally, in a liquid crystal display device, a spacer made of fine rod-like or spherical particles is dispersed in a liquid crystal in order to keep a liquid crystal sandwiching distance constant. The spacer is manufactured through a process of assembling the front and rear substrates after spraying on any of the substrates, and then injecting liquid crystal.

[0004] The process of spraying the spacers is performed by a wet process using an organic solvent or a dry process without using a solvent. However, there is a problem such as contamination of the atmosphere due to generation of the organic solvent or fine powder. . Further, there is a problem that the spacer stays at a part of the liquid crystal sandwiching interval, or the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules near the spacer is disturbed, thereby deteriorating the display quality.

[0005] Instead of dispersing the spacers in the liquid crystal, a colored layer or a transparent resin layer is laminated to form a column for maintaining the interval. The columnar body produced by the colored layer becomes a black spot without transmitting light, while
The columnar body formed of the transparent resin also scatters light similarly to a normal spacer, and thus has a problem in that display quality is deteriorated such as a decrease in contrast. Therefore, it is necessary to provide the columnar body at a portion other than the display portion of the colored pixel so that such a problem does not occur.

Further, various liquid crystal display devices which do not require the use of a spacer by forming a holding column in a non-display area of the liquid crystal display device have been proposed. For example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 60-164723 describes that a columnar member of polyimide corresponding to a holding interval is formed on a liquid crystal driving element. Patent No. 25475
No. 23 discloses a liquid crystal in which a projection is formed by a black matrix on an active element, and a projection in which a colored layer is laminated is formed on a color filter opposed to the projection, so that both projections maintain a liquid crystal sandwiching interval. A display device has been proposed.

Since there is a correlation between the area of the column and the strength of the column, it is necessary to provide a larger number of columns in a column having a small area. In addition, although the columnar body is generally formed using a photosensitive resin, the fine columnar body has a problem that a part thereof is chipped and a material having sufficient strength cannot be obtained. In the method of forming a protrusion or a column on the driving element, it is possible to form a column having a larger area in contact with the counter substrate as compared with the method of forming the protrusion or the column on the counter substrate side. It has the feature and.

However, when the columnar body or the protrusion is
Since it is provided on an active element such as FT, a load applied in a process of manufacturing a liquid crystal display device by superposing a color filter substrate on the front side and a substrate on which an active element is formed,
Alternatively, a load applied to the front substrate during use of the liquid crystal display device causes a large force to be applied to the active element by the protrusion or the columnar body, and as a result, the active element is destroyed,
There is a problem that the colored pixel corresponding to the destroyed active element does not operate normally.

[0009]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to prevent the display quality of a liquid crystal display from deteriorating due to the dispersion of spacers and to solve the conventional problems in which a columnar body is formed in place of the spacer. Is what you do.

[0010]

According to the present invention, there is provided a liquid crystal display device having a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between two opposing substrates.
The columnar body holding the liquid crystal sandwiching interval is opposed to an area other than the active element forming part in the non-display part of the substrate on which the active element is formed, or the active element in the non-display part of the substrate on which the active element is not formed. This is a liquid crystal display device formed in a region other than the portion. Further, the columnar body, at least one of the substrate on which the black matrix is formed or its counter substrate, the orthogonal portion of the black matrix, or the orthogonal portion and the subsequent black matrix portion,
Alternatively, the above-mentioned liquid crystal display device is formed on a portion of the opposing substrate opposed to them. The columnar body is the liquid crystal display device described above, which has a center at the center of the orthogonal portion of the black matrix, and has a shape in contact with four intersections of the orthogonal black matrix or sides passing therethrough.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS That is, in the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, a columnar body for holding the holding interval of the liquid crystal display device is arranged so as to be away from the active element forming portion. An object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device in which an active element is not broken even when a substrate is pressed strongly.

The liquid crystal display device of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a view showing a substrate on which a driving element of a liquid crystal display device of the present invention is formed. In the vicinity of the display unit 1, TF
A liquid crystal driving element 2 such as T is formed, and the columnar body 3 is
It is formed on the signal line 4 or the like, avoiding the liquid crystal drive element section. When it is formed on the signal line, it is preferable to form it at the intersection 5 where the film thickness is large. This makes it possible to reduce the height of the columnar body to be formed.

FIG. 2 is a diagram for explaining a color filter in which a columnar body is formed on a black matrix.
The black matrix is thinned in order to increase the area of the opening.
When the pillars are formed thereon, a pillar having a sufficient area may not be obtained. In such a case, it is preferable to form the columnar body 3 on the orthogonal portion 7 of the black matrix and the subsequent black matrix.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of the orthogonal portion of the black matrix. FIG. 3A shows an example in which a black matrix having the same width in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction is provided, and has a center in the center of the orthogonal portion of both, and a rhombic columnar shape in which the sides contact the intersections of the vertical and horizontal black matrices. The example which provided the body is shown. Assuming that the line width of the black matrix 6 is a μm, the area is a × a = a ² μm when the columnar body is formed only in the orthogonal portion 7 in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. As shown in the figure, when the rhombic columnar body 3 is provided, ((2) ^1/2 a) ² = 2a ² μm,
It is possible to form a column having twice the area as compared with the case where a square column is formed in the orthogonal portion.

In FIG. 3A, the case where the widths of the black matrix in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction are equal has been described. However, even if the line widths are not equal, the area of the black matrix is larger than the rectangular area of the orthogonal portion. A diamond-shaped column can be formed. FIG. 3B is a view for explaining another embodiment, in which a circle or an ellipse whose side is in contact with the intersection of the vertical and horizontal lines of the black matrix of the orthogonal portion 7 of the black matrix is formed. Compared to the case where a square or rectangular column is provided in the orthogonal portion 7, a product having a larger area can be formed. The columnar body can be formed in any shape, but a circular, elliptical, rhombic, etc. centered on the orthogonal portion of the black matrix, the shape of the pattern to be laminated is simple, and the fabrication is easy. is there.

According to the present invention, the columnar body is formed by using a photomask having a pattern for forming the columnar body in addition to the pixel forming pattern when forming the colored pixel.
A method of forming a colored layer with the same material as a colored pixel,
A method of laminating colored layers of different colors, a method of forming a columnar body with a single colored layer, a method of forming a transparent protective layer with a material for forming a transparent protective layer when forming a transparent protective layer, etc. It can be carried out. Further, in order to form the column, the resin for the column may be patterned using a dedicated pattern to form the column. Further, a transparent protective film made of a synthetic resin or an inorganic substance may be formed on the color filter on which the colored layer is formed. Further, a transparent electrode film for driving a liquid crystal made of ITO or the like is formed on the coloring layer directly or after forming a protective film.

If there is an electrical problem between the ITO and the opposing substrate, mask the ITO so as not to form the ITO on the columnar portion at the time of forming the ITO or form the ITO after forming the ITO. What is necessary is just to form a columnar body.
When a black matrix is formed on the counter substrate side of a color filter such as a TFT substrate, a columnar body is also formed on the TFT substrate side with a non-conductive black matrix, and is opposed to the columnar body on the color filter side. Thus, the interval can be maintained.

The columnar body does not need to be formed on all of the orthogonal portions of the black matrix, but is not a 12.1 inch XGA.
, The pixel size is 240 μm × 240 μm. Therefore, if one pixel is provided for each sub-pixel (80 μm), about 52 spacers can be formed in 1 mm ² . This number is 100 to 200 when a general liquid crystal is mixed with a spacer such as a spherical shape of a synthetic resin.
It is smaller than the value of pcs / mm ² , but since there is no variation in the particle size distribution and uneven distribution in the liquid crystal as in the case of the spacer made of synthetic resin, the spacers are arranged uniformly over the entire display surface. Thus, the load over the entire display surface becomes uniform, and the object can be sufficiently achieved.

[0019]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in more detail. Example 1 1 having a short side of 360 mm, a long side of 465 mm, and a plate thickness of 0.7 mm
A chromium oxide / chromium laminated structure film having a thickness of 0.2 μm was formed on 737 glass (manufactured by Corning Incorporated) by sputtering. Observation from the glass surface side gave a low reflection optical density of 4.0. Next, a photoresist (OFPR-800 manufactured by Tokyo Ohka) is applied to a thickness of 0.5 μm, exposed by using a mask having a predetermined pattern formed by pre-baking, and after developing the resist, chromium oxide / chrome The film was subjected to etching, resist stripping, washing and drying steps to form a black matrix.

Next, (1) a radical polymerization type photopolymer, (2) a dispersion in which an anthraquinone-based red pigment having a submicron particle size (CI: a mixture of Pigment Red 177 and Pigment Yellow 139) is dispersed, and (3) benzyl Methacrylate-methacrylic acid copolymer, (3) pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, (5) 4- [P-
N, N-di (ethoxycarbonylmethyl)]-2-6-
Di (trichloromethyl) -S-triazine, (6) 3-
A composition of a colored photosensitive material comprising ethoxypropionic acid ethyl ester was applied to a thickness of 3 μm after the final heat treatment. After pre-baking at 100 ° C., exposure using a red pattern forming mask, development,
After washing and drying, post-baking was performed at 200 ° C. to form a red-colored pixel, and a red-colored layer for forming a diamond-shaped column having a size of 10 μm × 10 μm was formed in an orthogonal portion of the black matrix.

Next, a phthalocyanine green pigment (C
I: a mixture of Pigment Green 7 and Pigment Yellow 83) in a composition similar to that used for the red photosensitive material, and dispersing the photosensitive material so as to have a thickness of 3.6 μm after the final heat treatment. Was applied. After pre-baking at 100 ° C., it is exposed to light using a green pattern forming mask, developed, washed, dried, and post-baked at 200 ° C. to form green colored pixels. 10 μm on the body
A green colored layer for forming a columnar portion having a size of × 10 μm was formed.

Next, a phthalocyanine blue pigment (C
3. A photosensitive material in which a photosensitive material in which I: Pigment Blue 15: 3 and Pigment Violet 23 are dispersed is dispersed in a composition similar to that used for the red photosensitive material. It was applied to a thickness of 7 μm. Please describe. After pre-baking at 100 ° C., it is exposed to light using a blue pattern forming mask, developed, washed, dried, and then post-baked at 200 ° C. to form green-colored pixels, and a columnar shape formed at an orthogonal portion of a black matrix portion. 10μm × 10μm on the body
A blue colored layer for columnar formation having a size of was formed. After an alignment film made of polyimide was formed on the color filter thus obtained, the glass substrate on which the TFT was formed was bonded using an epoxy resin as a sealant, and TN liquid crystal was sealed as a liquid crystal.

Further, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment.
A similar columnar portion may be formed on the T substrate side, and the columnar portions may be opposed to each other to form a liquid crystal sandwiching interval. Also, by using a photosensitive composition for the overcoat material used as a protective film, by laminating a columnar portion when forming the protective film,
It is also possible to increase the liquid crystal sandwiching interval.

[0024]

According to the present invention, in a liquid crystal display device in which liquid crystal is sandwiched between two substrates, a columnar body is formed on the active element or in a region other than the opposing portion thereof. Thus, the active element is not destroyed. Furthermore, when the columnar body is formed in an orthogonal portion of the black matrix other than the active element or the opposing portion, a columnar body having a large area can be formed even with a color filter having a black matrix with a small line width. As a result, a liquid crystal display device having excellent display quality can be obtained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing a substrate on which a driving element of a liquid crystal display device of the present invention is formed.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a color filter in which a columnar body is formed on a black matrix.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of an orthogonal portion of a black matrix.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Display part, 2 ... Liquid crystal drive element, 3 ... Column, 4 ... Signal line, 5 ... Intersection, 6 ... Black matrix, 7 ... Cross section of black matrix

Claims (3)

[Claims] In a liquid crystal display device in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between two opposing substrates, a columnar body for maintaining a liquid crystal sandwiching interval is formed by forming an active element in a non-display portion of the substrate on which the active element is formed. The liquid crystal display device is formed in a region other than the portion, or in a region other than a portion facing the active element in a non-display portion of the substrate where no active element is formed. 2. The columnar body is provided on at least one of the substrate on which the black matrix is formed and the opposing substrate, at the orthogonal portion of the black matrix, or at the orthogonal portion and the subsequent black matrix portion, or on the opposing substrate. 2. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal display device is formed at a portion facing the liquid crystal display. 3. The columnar body has a center at the center of the orthogonal portion of the black matrix, and has a shape in contact with four intersections of the orthogonal black matrix or sides passing therethrough. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1.