JP2000130732A - Failure diagnosys method for incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To securely prevent harmful substances such as dioxin from being released by diagnosing rapidly, easily, and accurately the presence of failure of sensors provided in an incinerator. SOLUTION: When there is diagnosed the presence of any failure of sensors provided in an incinerator H, to be concrete, a temperature sensor 2a... and a carbon dioxide gas concentration sensor 3a... parts or the whole of actuation portions (combustion burner 4a..., air supply portion 5a... and an air fan apparatus 6, etc.), provided in the incinerator H are actuated in the state where any article to be incinerated is thrown into the incinerator H. When physical quantities detected by the temperature sensor 2a... and the carbon dioxide gas concentration sensor 3a... provided in the incinerator H, i.e., temperature detection values and carbon dioxide gas concentration detection values are out of a previously set monitor range, failure is judged for failure processing.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for diagnosing abnormalities in an incinerator suitable for use in diagnosing the presence or absence of abnormality in a sensor attached to the incinerator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, various incinerators for incinerating incinerated materials such as household waste and industrial waste are known.

Conventionally, a relatively medium-scale incinerator installed in a company or a hospital has a combustion chamber (primary combustion chamber) provided with a combustion burner and an air supply unit. At the time of use, the opening / closing door of the charging port is opened to inject the incineration material directly into the combustion chamber, ignite the combustion burner, and incinerate while supplying air from the air supply unit. Also, when adding additional incinerated materials, open the opening and closing door of the inlet,
Additional combustion objects are sequentially charged into the combustion chamber during combustion.

[0004]

However, toxic substances such as dioxins generated when burning plastics and the like and giving to ecosystems have become a social problem, and the sources of such harmful substances are described above. It is often a conventional incinerator. In general, dioxin is decomposed at a high temperature of 800 ° C. or more, so that it is possible to suppress the generation of harmful substances such as dioxin in terms of performance.

However, in the conventional incinerator, when an abnormality such as a failure or deterioration occurs in a sensor such as a temperature sensor or a carbon dioxide concentration sensor attached to the incinerator, such an abnormality is promptly, easily, and accurately. The problem is that they could not be found and, in spite of the fact that the detection errors of the sensors were considerably large, continued to be used, and continued to release harmful substances into the atmosphere due to incomplete combustion based on poor control. was there.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and quickly, easily and accurately diagnoses the presence or absence of an abnormality in sensors attached to an incinerator to determine the harmful substances such as dioxin. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for diagnosing abnormalities of an incinerator, which can surely prevent the release of methane.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems and Embodiments The abnormality diagnosis method for an incinerator H according to the present invention comprises a sensor attached to the incinerator H, specifically a temperature sensor 2a and a carbon dioxide concentration sensor 3a. When diagnosing the presence or absence of abnormality of the sensor of
In a state in which the incineration material is not put into the incinerator H, a part or all of the operation units (combustion burners 4a..., Air supply units 5a. If the physical quantities detected by the temperature sensor 2a and the carbon dioxide concentration sensor 3a attached to the incinerator H, that is, the temperature detection value and the carbon dioxide concentration detection value are out of the monitor range set in advance, it is determined to be abnormal. Diagnosis and abnormal processing are performed.

As described above, when an abnormality occurs in the temperature sensors 2a and the carbon dioxide concentration sensors 3a and the like, the operating section is operated under a certain condition without injecting the incinerator into the incinerator H. Based on the detected temperature value and the detected CO2 concentration value obtained from the temperature sensors 2a and the CO2 concentration sensors 3a at the time, the presence or absence of an abnormality of the temperature sensor 2a and the CO2 concentration sensor 3a is diagnosed. Therefore, before performing the incineration process, it is possible to avoid a control failure due to the use of abnormal sensors.

[0009]

Next, preferred embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

First, in order to clarify the present invention, the configuration and operation of an incinerator H that can execute the abnormality diagnosis method according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.

In the incinerator H, 50 is a primary combustion chamber Cf
The primary combustion unit 50 has an incineration ash accommodating chamber Ca at the lower portion inside the primary combustion unit 50 via a roastle 51. A charging device 52 for charging the incineration material into the primary combustion chamber Cf is attached to a front portion of the primary combustion unit 50. The loading device 52 has an outer door 52o and an inner door 52i that open and close alternately. Reference numeral 53 denotes a water spraying device for spraying the incineration ash Mf in the incineration ash storage chamber Ca so that the incineration ash Mf is not scattered. , 5c and 5d are a plurality of air supply units for supplying air to the primary combustion chamber Cf.

Numeral 55 denotes a cyclone type secondary combustion chamber C
The upper part of the side of the secondary combustion unit 55 and the upper part of the side of the primary combustion unit 50 are connected to each other by a conduit 56. This conduit 56 has two secondary combustion burners 4 directed toward the secondary combustion chamber Cs.
b, 4c.

On the other hand, reference numeral 57 denotes an exhaust gas treatment unit adjacent to the secondary combustion unit 55, inside which a dust collection tower 58 is provided.
And a dehumidification tower 59, and a neutralization tank 60 below the dust collection tower 58 and the dehumidification tower 59. The lower end openings of the dust collection tower 58 and the dehumidification tower 59 communicate with each other via a neutralization tank 60.
The neutralization tank 60 also communicates with the bottom of the secondary combustion unit 55. Then, the upper surface of the dust collection tower 58 is connected to the secondary combustion unit 55 through the curved smoke conduit 61, and the entrance of the smoke conduit 61 particularly faces the intermediate position of the secondary combustion chamber Cs. The dust collection tower 58 employs a scrubber system, and a plurality of shower units 62 are disposed inside. One shower unit 62 (the same applies to other shower units) includes a plurality of spray nozzles 63 for spraying in the form of a mist in the horizontal direction, and an umbrella-shaped guide 64 provided at the lower end of the shower unit 62.
The dehumidifying tower 59 has water droplet removing plates 66 arranged in multiple layers inside, thereby forming a complicated flow path. Then, a chimney 67 is erected on the upper surface of the dehumidification tower 59, and the blower 6 is attached to the chimney 67. The blower 6 includes a blower 6x having a fan rotated by an electric motor, and a blower tube 6y for guiding the blown air by the blower 6x. By bending, the tip outlet 6ys is directed to the discharge direction E of the chimney 67.

A dust collecting device 69 is provided on the bottom of the neutralization tank 60. The dust collection device 69 includes a dust sedimentation tank 70 for sedimenting the dust Ms and a discharge mechanism 71 for collecting mud-like dust Ms precipitated in the dust sedimentation tank 70 to a collection tank (not shown) by a screw 71s. Neutralization tank 6
The neutralizing solution is supplied to the shower units 62a... By a circulating mechanism and injected. The pH of the neutralizing solution is detected by a pH meter, and a neutralizing agent is supplied from a neutralizing agent supply unit so as to have a constant pH (usually pH 7), and water is supplied as necessary. In addition, 72 is a heat storage tank.

On the other hand, a plurality of temperature sensors are provided inside the incinerator H. 2a, 2b, 2c are temperature sensors disposed inside the primary combustion chamber Cf, 2d are temperature sensors disposed inside the conduit 56, 2e are disposed inside the secondary combustion chamber 55 (the inlet of the smoke conduit 61). The installed temperature sensor, 2f is a dust collection tower 58
2g indicates a temperature sensor disposed inside the chimney 67 (exit of the dehumidifying tower 59). Further, carbon dioxide concentration sensors 3a and 3b are additionally provided inside the smoke conduit 61 and inside the chimney 67, respectively.

On the other hand, a control unit (controller) 20 having a computer function is provided.
Each temperature sensor 2a-2g and each carbon dioxide concentration sensor 3
a, 3b and an operation unit (operation panel) 21 are connected. The display unit 22 is connected to the output side of the control unit 20. The control unit 20 executes the abnormality diagnosis method according to the present invention according to a control program.

The basic operation of the thus configured incinerator H is as follows. First, the incineration material is charged into the primary combustion chamber Cf by the charging device 52. In FIG. 2, an arrow W indicates a charging path of the incineration material. Then, the material to be incinerated is primarily incinerated in the primary incineration chamber Cf. In this case, the primary combustion burner 4a is ignited, and air is supplied from the plurality of air supply units 5a to incinerate the incinerated material. Note that the incineration ash Mf is accumulated in the incineration ash storage chamber Ca through the roaster 51.

On the other hand, the exhaust gas (smoke) generated during incineration is:
The air is sucked toward the chimney 67 by the induced blowing air from the blowing device 6. In FIG. 2, arrow F indicates the direction of the airflow. Therefore, the exhaust gas in the primary incineration chamber Cf flows into the secondary combustion chamber Cs through the conduit 56. In this case, the exhaust gas passing through the conduit 56 is heated by the two secondary combustion burners 4b and 4c, and is secondarily incinerated in the cyclone type secondary combustion chamber Cs. Thereby, harmful substances such as dioxin are completely decomposed. In the secondary combustion chamber Cs, a part of the dust falls into the neutralized liquid stored at the bottom.

Further, the exhaust gas in the secondary combustion chamber Cs flows into the dust collection tower 58 through the smoke conduit 61. In the dust collecting tower 58 of the scrubber type, dust in the exhaust gas is removed by the shower (neutralizing solution) injected from the shower unit 62, and the exhaust gas is cooled. The exhaust gas from which the dust has been removed flows into the dehumidification tower 59, and after the moisture in the exhaust gas has been removed, is discharged from the chimney 67 to the atmosphere. Also,
The shower sprayed from the shower units 62 and the water (water droplets) removed by the dehumidifying tower 59 fall into the neutralization tank 60.

When the incineration process is completed, water is sprayed from the water spray device 52 to the incineration ash Mf accumulated in the incineration ash storage chamber Ca. Thereby, when taking out the incineration ash Mf outside, for example, even if the wind is strong, scattering of the incineration ash Mf is prevented. Further, dust Ms in the neutralization liquid in the neutralization tank 60 is collected by the dust collection device 69. That is, the dust Ms precipitates in the dust sedimentation tank 70, and the sedimented mud-like dust Ms is collected in a collection tank (not shown) by the rotation of the screw 71s in the discharge mechanism 71.

Next, an abnormality diagnosis method for the incinerator H according to this embodiment will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. 1 and FIG.

In advance, the control unit 20 includes the temperature sensors 2a
And a monitor range for diagnosing the presence or absence of an abnormality in each of the carbon dioxide concentration sensors 3a.

The setting of the monitor range can be performed, for example, as follows. First, in a state where the incineration material is not put into the incinerator H, the operating unit provided for the incinerator H, that is,
Combustion burners 4a, air supply units 5a, and blower 6
Is operated under certain conditions. in this case,
Operating under certain conditions means, for example, that the combustion burner 4
This means that the operating conditions of each operating unit are kept constant, such as that only a is fully burned and the specified one air supply unit 5a and the blower 6 are continuously operated for a certain period of time. Further, the case of adding another certain condition is also included in the mode of operating under a certain condition. Adding another certain condition means that a case where a certain concentration (3%) of sample carbon dioxide gas is supplied from the cylinder to the primary combustion chamber Cf when the presence or absence of an abnormality of the carbon dioxide concentration sensor 3a is diagnosed. It is. Under such certain conditions, the temperature is detected by each of the temperature sensors 2a... That have been confirmed to be normal, and a temperature detection value is obtained. .. To detect the carbon dioxide concentration to obtain a carbon dioxide concentration detection value. Such detection work is performed several times at different times, and an appropriate upper limit value and lower limit value which are the monitor range are set in consideration of the variation.
Thus, the monitoring range can be determined experimentally.
The monitor range is set for each of the sensors 2a, 3a.

On the other hand, the diagnosis process is performed as follows. First,
When the start switch is turned on, the mode automatically shifts to the abnormality diagnosis mode (step S1). Thereby, the preheating operation is performed first (step S2). The purpose of this preheating operation is to set an appropriate temperature environment (for example, 800 ° C. or higher) before the incineration material is charged into the primary combustion chamber Cf. By performing such a preheating operation, as a result, the time required for incineration in an appropriate temperature environment can be reduced. This preheating operation is performed, for example, in the primary combustion chamber Cf
Can be performed for a set time that is expected to stabilize the temperature (steps S3 and S4).

In this embodiment, the preheating operation is used for abnormality diagnosis processing. That is, in the preheating operation, the incinerator H
, The combustion burners 4a..., The air supply unit 5a
... and a part or all of the blower 6 is operated. Therefore, if the preheating operation is performed under the same conditions as when the monitoring range is set, the abnormality diagnosis can be performed simultaneously with the preheating operation. For example, the preheating operation is performed for a certain period of time in a state where, for example, only the combustion burner 4a that satisfies the same conditions as when the monitoring range is set is fully burned, and the specified one air supply unit 5a and the blower 6 are fully operated. It shall be continued.

At this time, the controller 20 compares the detected value of the carbon dioxide concentration detected by the carbon dioxide concentration sensor 3a with a preset monitor range (steps S5 and S6).
As a result, if the detected value of the carbon dioxide concentration is out of the monitor range, it is diagnosed as abnormal and abnormal processing is performed (step S).
7). In this case, as an abnormal process, the start of the main operation of the incinerator H is stopped, and an inspection of the incinerator H is requested by turning on an alarm lamp or the like of the display unit 22. Such processing is similarly performed for the other carbon dioxide concentration sensors 3b.

If the detected value of the carbon dioxide concentration is within the monitor range, the carbon dioxide concentration sensors 3a are diagnosed as normal, and then the detected temperature detected by the temperature sensor 2a and the preset monitor range are compared. Compare (Step S8,
S9). As a result, when the detected temperature value is out of the monitor range, as in the above case, it is diagnosed as abnormal and abnormal processing is performed (step S7). In this case, as an abnormal process, the start of the main operation of the incinerator H is stopped, and an inspection of the incinerator H is requested by turning on an alarm lamp or the like of the display unit 22. Such processing is performed by the other temperature sensor 2b.
... is similarly executed.

If there is no abnormality in the diagnosis of all the sensors 2a, 3a, the actual operation is started (step S).
10). In this operation, as described above, a series of incineration processing is performed by charging the incineration material from the charging device 52 into the primary combustion chamber Cf.

Therefore, according to such an abnormality diagnosis method, the presence or absence of an abnormality in the carbon dioxide concentration sensors 3a and the temperature sensors 2a attached to the incinerator H can be quickly, easily and accurately diagnosed, and based on the control failure. The problem that harmful substances such as dioxin are continuously released into the atmosphere due to incomplete combustion can be reliably prevented.

The embodiment has been described in detail above.
The present invention is not limited to such an embodiment,
The configuration, shape, material, quantity, etc. of the details can be arbitrarily changed, added, or deleted without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, the number and location of the temperature sensors 2a and the carbon dioxide concentration sensors 3a can be arbitrarily set, and the same applies to any other sensors (pressure sensors, gas sensors, etc.) attached to the incinerator H. Applicable to

[0031]

As described above, according to the method for diagnosing abnormalities of an incinerator according to the present invention, the operating unit provided in the incinerator is operated under a certain condition without charging the incineration material into the incinerator. When the physical quantity detected by the attached sensor is out of the monitoring range set in advance, it is diagnosed as abnormal and the abnormal processing is performed, so that the presence or absence of abnormality of the sensors attached to the incinerator is quickly, easily and accurately determined. Can be diagnosed,
This has a remarkable effect that release of harmful substances such as dioxin can be reliably prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure of an abnormality diagnosis method according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention in order;

FIG. 2 is a schematic overall configuration diagram showing the principle of an incinerator,

FIG. 3 is an overall external view of the incinerator,

FIG. 4 is a schematic overall perspective view showing a layout of the incinerator;

[Explanation of symbols]

 H Incinerator 2a Temperature sensor 3a Carbon dioxide concentration sensor 4a Combustion burner 5a Air supply unit 6a Blower

────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] September 27, 1999 (September 9, 1999
7)

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Claims

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[Claims]

[Procedure amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0007

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An abnormality diagnosis method for an incinerator H according to the present invention is a method for diagnosing the presence or absence of an abnormality in a sensor attached to the incinerator H. Working parts (combustion burners 4a ..., air supply parts 5a ... and blower 6 etc.) provided in the incinerator H without being charged
Are operated under a certain condition, and the physical quantity detected by the carbon dioxide concentration sensor 3a attached to the incinerator H, or the carbon dioxide concentration sensor 3a and the temperature sensor 2a, that is, the detected value of the carbon dioxide concentration. When the detected value of the concentration of carbon dioxide and the detected value of the temperature are out of the monitor range set in advance, it is characterized in that an abnormality is diagnosed and an abnormal process is performed.

[Procedure amendment 3]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0008

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

As described above, when an abnormality occurs in the temperature sensors 2a and the carbon dioxide concentration sensors 3a, the operating section is operated under a certain condition without injecting the incinerator into the incinerator H. Are diagnosed based on the temperature detection values and the carbon dioxide concentration detection values obtained from the temperature sensors 2a and carbon dioxide concentration sensors 3a. Before performing the process, it is possible to avoid a control failure due to using abnormal sensors.

[Procedure amendment 4]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0040

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

The embodiment has been described in detail above.
The present invention is not limited to such an embodiment,
The configuration, shape, material, quantity, etc. of the details can be arbitrarily changed, added, or deleted without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, the number of the temperature sensors 2a,...

[Procedure amendment 5]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0031

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[0031]

As described above, according to the method for diagnosing abnormalities of an incinerator according to the present invention, the operating unit provided in the incinerator is operated under a certain condition without charging the incineration material into the incinerator. When the physical quantity detected by the attached carbon dioxide gas concentration sensor or the carbon dioxide gas concentration sensor and the temperature sensor is out of the monitor range set in advance, it is diagnosed as abnormal and abnormal processing is performed, so that it is attached to the incinerator. The presence / absence of abnormality in the sensors can be quickly, easily, and accurately diagnosed, so that there is a remarkable effect that release of harmful substances such as dioxin can be surely prevented.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An incinerator abnormality diagnosis method for diagnosing the presence or absence of an abnormality in a sensor attached to an incinerator, wherein a part or all of an operating unit provided in the incinerator is provided without injecting the incineration material into the incinerator. An abnormality diagnosis method for an incinerator, wherein the method is operated under a certain condition, and when a physical quantity detected by a sensor attached to the incinerator is out of a predetermined monitor range, the abnormality is diagnosed and an abnormality process is performed, and an abnormality diagnosis method is performed. . 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sensor is a temperature sensor. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sensor is a carbon dioxide concentration sensor.