JP2000126746A - Paper peeling device for gypsum board - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To take more flexible measures in various kinds and states of waste gypsum board. SOLUTION: Two peeling rollers 2 (2a, 2b) having cutting blades on their outer peripheries are supported in parallel to each other to have a clearance between them in the vertical direction, slightly narrower than the thickness of a gypsum board 1. While the peeling rollers 2 (2a, 2b) are being rotated in the directions contrary to each other by a power means, the gypsum board 1 is fed into the clearance between the two peeling rollers 2 (2a, 2b), along guides 4 (4a, 4b) from the direction countering their rotation to peel paper.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for removing paper covering the surface of a gypsum board.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Architectural gypsum boards, in which gypsum formed into a thin plate is used as a core material and the surface of which is covered in a sandwich shape with a fibrous material such as paper, are used in large quantities as foundations for walls, ceilings, partitions and the like. I have. When installing gypsum board at a construction site, most of it is used as it is, but it is often used by cutting it to the required size,
A plethora of gypsum boards that have been cut into half-sized pieces and are no longer usable are generated in large quantities, and demolition of buildings creates even more waste gypsum boards, which together amount to about 1.25 million tons per year. Until now, the disposal of such gypsum board had to be taken to a disposal company for a fee, and the disposal company buried it in the ground in a stable disposal form and disposed of it.

Until now, gypsum board has not been recycled at all. The reason is that gypsum is produced in large quantities as a by-product of the chemical industry, so its price is extremely low.Because the material is gypsum and paper originally buried in the ground, it is environmentally friendly when it is buried in the ground and disposed of. It is thought that there is no adverse effect, and furthermore, it is troublesome to separate the gypsum board into gypsum and paper, which is necessary for recycling. However, due to the recent global interest in global environmental protection, gypsum boards are no exception, and criticism of disposables has increased, and burying gypsum boards in the ground generates harmful hydrogen sulfide gas and pollutes the earth. For this reason, embedding of gypsum board in stable disposal sites has recently been banned by the Waste Management and Public Cleansing Law. It is obliged to process by burying it in.

[0004] However, even if a large amount of waste gypsum board is suddenly brought into a management type disposal site, it cannot be completely treated. Plaster from which paper has been removed can be buried in a stable disposal site or recycled. Therefore, there is an urgent need to establish a technology for completely and efficiently separating paper from gypsum board. The principle of a patent related to this technology disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. H5-507023 is as follows. Two rollers of relatively small diameter are installed in parallel to create an opening slightly narrower than the gypsum board to be treated, and the gypsum board is passed through this opening using the rotational force of the rollers. It is said that the gypsum grains adhered to the paper are broken by the pressing force of the upper and lower rollers during the passage, and the paper separating process is induced by a wave-like movement occurring in front of the roller pair.

[0005] Unfortunately, the above-described method using a pressing roller is a method with high uncertainty. The rationale can be found in the patent specification.
The opening of the roller needs to be set slightly smaller than the thickness of the wall board. If the opening is too narrow, the core will crack along the centerline of the core and the separation process will not be effective because about half of the gypsum core will adhere to each paper sheet. The roller opening should always be adjustable. It is necessary not to use fixed openings, as the air content of the gypsum core and the thickness of the wallboard vary from manufacturer to manufacturer and also from the date of manufacture. The opening between the roller pairs requires varying width. Similarly, the speed of the roller pairs needs to be independently adapted to the imperfect condition of the wallboard. It can vary up to 0.75 mm in typical wallboard manufacturing. What can be determined from these descriptions is that even if the gypsum board has the same thickness standard, according to the gypsum board to be processed, the opening of the roller pair is adjusted by the order of a few mm each time,
Unless the number of rotations of the roller is adjusted, good paper separation cannot be performed. In situations where a variety of plasterboards must be processed, such adjustments are nearly impossible. In order to perform such adjustment, precision and rigidity equivalent to precision machine tools are required, and inevitably a very expensive device. The present inventor has also made a prototype of a similar device using a pair of pressing rollers and tried to separate the paper, but there is a history of giving up because much gypsum remains on the paper. Also, as one embodiment, by passing the gypsum board between four pairs of rollers provided so that the opening becomes narrower by 0.25 mm at a time,
Although it is stated that the gypsum board can flexibly cope with variations in thickness, this example is nothing less than a demonstration of the uncertainty of the separation of the paper by the pressing roller.
The specification does not mention a single word about gypsum board that was once used in a building and then disposed of in connection with the demolition of the building. It is used once to guess and implies that it is useless for things that have become damp and expanded and softened, or that have become dry and very brittle.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a gypsum board paper peeling apparatus which can flexibly cope with waste gypsum boards of all types and states.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above problems, a gypsum board paper peeling machine according to the present invention comprises two peeling rollers having cutting edges or innumerable protrusions on the outer peripheral surface provided with a vertical gap. The paper is supported by being parallel to each other and having a power to rotate the peeling roller in opposite directions, and by feeding the gypsum board along a guide in a direction opposite to the rotation of the peeling roller into a gap between the two peeling rollers. Is peeled off. Briefly describing the mechanism for peeling paper from the gypsum board by this device, by feeding the gypsum board along the guide from the direction opposite to the rotation into the gap between the upper and lower two peeling rollers rotating in opposite directions, Since the cutting edges of the upper and lower peeling rollers break the gypsum bonded to the paper on the surface layer of the gypsum board, and at the same time, peel off the paper from the gypsum, the paper on the surface can be continuously peeled. In this method, the paper is forcibly peeled off by the cutting edge, so that the method is much more reliable and more flexible than the above-described method using the pressing roller. If the gypsum board has the same thickness standard, there is no need to change the size of the gap between the upper and lower peeling rollers or the number of rotations of the peeling roller. According to this method, gypsum boards that have been used in a building and disposed of after being demolished after the building has been demolished and that have been painted or wallpapered on the surface must be compatible. Can be. In addition, since the amount of gypsum adhering to the paper can be reduced as much as possible, the peeled paper can be reused, and the gypsum remains in the form of a plate, and does not disperse and scatter.

[0008] Regarding the form of the cutting edge of the peeling roller, it is not necessary to use a very sharp cutting edge because gypsum is very brittle and only a small amount of gypsum on the surface layer can be destroyed. Of course, an end mill for metal cutting, a flat milling machine, or a reamed cutting edge may be used. It was also possible to use threaded full thread bolts. In addition, it is possible to use a roller in which a coarse abrasive paper or a polishing cloth is wound around the outer periphery of the roller, or a cylindrical wire brush in which a wire cut to the same length is planted around the outer periphery of the shaft. If the depth of cut of the peeling roller into the gypsum board is set to about 1 mm on both the upper and lower surfaces, the amount of gypsum adhering to the paper can be reduced as much as possible, and the paper peeling work can be performed while suppressing the scattering of the gypsum powder by the peeling roller. Can be. For example, when processing a gypsum board having a thickness of 12 mm, the gap between the upper and lower peeling rollers is set to about 10 mm. The peeling of the paper itself is possible even in a narrower gap,
Only the ratio of gypsum which is scraped by the peeling roller and becomes powdery increases, and if this is desired, the gap may be narrowed.

The gap between the upper and lower peeling rollers may be fixed as long as one type of gypsum board of a thickness standard is processed. If the thickness can be adjusted, it can be applied to gypsum boards of various thickness standards. At that time, the position of the lower peeling roller axis may be fixed, and only the upper peeling roller axis is moved up and down to adjust the gap. There are various ways to adjust the position of the axis of the peeling roller up and down, but the simplest means is that the bearing unit that supports the shaft end of the peeling roller can be slid up and down by long vertical holes and grooves. And fixing it to a frame or the like with bolts. When adjusting the size of the gap between the upper and lower peeling rollers, loosen the bolts to make the upper peeling roller axis slidable up and down, and set the model corresponding to each prepared thickness standard. When the thickness gauge is applied to the gap between the peeling rollers and the axis is fixed by tightening the bolt, the gap can be adjusted with reproducibility.

Although the paper can be peeled in a wide range of rotation speeds of the peeling roller from a low speed range to a high speed range, the workability is better when rotated at a high speed. In the case of a peeling roller having a diameter of 15 mm, good results were obtained at around 2000 rpm, and when the speed at the outer periphery of the roller was adjusted to about 100 m / min. The driving of the peeling roller can be performed by connecting separate motors to the upper and lower peeling rollers to obtain independent rotation, or the upper and lower peeling rollers can be driven by one motor using gears or the like. However, in the latter case, it is difficult to change the distance between the centers of the peeling roller shafts. Therefore, it is better to use the former method in order to cope with gypsum boards of various thickness standards.

The upper and lower peeling rollers are basically arranged on the same plane perpendicular to the gypsum board feeding direction. However, the diameter of the peeling roller is small, and it is inevitably limited due to the mechanical structure such as a bearing. When it is desired to increase the distance between the centers of the peeling roller shafts, either the upper or lower peeling roller may be offset forward or backward with respect to the gypsum board feeding direction. At that time, a pressing roller is provided at an appropriate position to press the gypsum board against the peeling roller.

As the means for feeding the gypsum board into the gap between the upper and lower peeling rollers, the cheapest method is to push the gypsum board forward while holding the rear portion of the gypsum board by hand. It is dangerous if your hand approaches the peeling roller by sending most of it, so remove your hand from the gypsum board (of course, the area around the peeling roller is covered with a cover) and remove another gypsum board or a plate of equivalent thickness later. And push it. As another means, a method using a feed roller can be considered. The feed roller has a function of advancing the gypsum board forward by rotating the roller by power means with the gypsum board sandwiched between two rollers. The position where the feed roller is provided may be slightly on the near side or the back side of the peeling roller, or both. The feed roller may drive both upper and lower rollers, but it may drive only the lower roller and rotate the upper roller. These feed rollers automatically feed the gypsum board at the same speed, so that labor can be saved and efficiency can be improved. The feed roller also serves to prevent the gypsum board from raging by the peeling roller.

The scraped gypsum powder is scattered around the peeling roller. By providing a mechanism for collecting the gypsum powder as described in the third aspect of the present invention, it is possible to realize a processing apparatus having a higher degree of perfection. can do. Ideally, a dust collector is used to collect the gypsum powder. The suction port may be provided near the upper and lower peeling rollers, and the dust of the gypsum may be sucked by the dust collector. However, if this device is to be used in places where even a little gypsum powder can be scattered, such as outdoors, attach a chute to the bottom of the peeling roller and install a collection box underneath. Most can be recovered. Further, of the peeled paper, the lower paper falls into the collection box according to gravity. Since the upper paper is discharged upward by the peeling roller, it is removed each time one gypsum board is processed.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, two frames 6 are vertically erected on a rectangular base plate 5 in parallel with the longitudinal direction.
The insertion guide 4a and the discharge guide 4b are interposed and fixed horizontally, and the side guides 4c are attached to the left and right ends of the surface of the insertion and discharge guide to form a work table for sliding the gypsum board from left to right. The lower peeling roller is located substantially at the center of the work table, in the gap between the insertion guide 4a and the discharge guide 4b, at right angles to the traveling direction of the gypsum board 1, and at a height where the outer periphery slightly projects from the upper surface of the insertion guide 4a. As shown in FIG. 5, 2 b is passed between the frames 6, and both ends are received by the bearing unit 7 and attached to the frame 6, and the motor 3 is connected to the end via a coupling 8. In a state in which a gap slightly parallel to the lower peeling roller 2b and slightly smaller than the thickness of the gypsum board 1 is provided, the upper peeling roller 2b
a is attached to the frame 6 via the bearing unit 7 near both ends. Since the upper and lower peeling rollers 2 must be replaced when the cutting edge on the surface is worn, the structure is such that the motor 3 can be easily removed from the side opposite to the side where the motor 3 is connected.

In order to cope with gypsum boards of various thickness standards, the axis of the upper peeling roller 2a is moved up and down,
Since it is necessary to adjust the gap between the upper and lower peeling rollers, the frame 6 is cut out as shown in FIG. 6 and grooves are provided on the left and right end surfaces of the notch, and the bearing unit 7 fits into this groove and moves up and down. Slidable. A bolt 16 is welded to the upper surface of the bearing unit 7, and the bolt 16 is passed through a connecting rod 17 connecting the cutout of the frame 6 at the upper part, and is fixed by a double nut 18. When the upper peeling roller is driven directly by a motor via a coupling, the centering after the gap adjustment becomes troublesome. Therefore, the pulley 9 is attached to the shaft end and the belt 10 is applied to transmit the power.

As shown in FIG. 2, on the outer peripheral surface of the peeling roller 2, a number of point-like cutting edges pointing in the same circumferential direction are dug up in a regular array, and are called nicks in a file. A blade was provided. However, the form of the cutting edge is not limited to this. The upper and lower peeling rollers 2 rotate at a high speed in the direction shown in FIG. The gap between the peeling rollers is adjusted so that the cutting depth of the peeling roller into the gypsum board is about 1 mm in both the upper and lower directions.

The gypsum powder falls to the lower part of the peeling roller 2 and the peeled paper on the lower side hangs down, so a square hole is opened in the base plate 5 and a chute 11 is attached. 12 were installed. If the sieve 13 is detachably provided near the exit of the chute, only the gypsum can be dropped into the collection box 12. In order to improve the workability by raising the work line, the base plate 5 was placed and fixed on a stand 14 assembled by welding iron angles and the like.

FIG. 7 is a side view showing an embodiment in which two sets of feed rollers 15 are installed on the front side and the back side of the peeling roller 2. FIG. Each feed roller 15 rotates at the same speed in the direction of the arrow in the figure to feed the gypsum board from left to right. Only the lower feed roller 15b is driven by the power means, and the upper feed roller 15a merely rotates. Since it is better that the surface of the feed roller 15 has a little elasticity and a large friction coefficient, rubber is lined on the outer periphery.

[0019]

According to the gypsum board paper peeling apparatus of the present invention, the paper is forcibly peeled off by the cutting edge of the peeling roller. The paper can be surely peeled off without any trouble. It can handle not only unused gypsum boards, but also those used once in buildings. Further, as in the second aspect of the present invention, the size of the gap formed by the upper and lower peeling rollers can be changed, so that gypsum boards of various thickness standards can be handled. Further, by providing a mechanism for collecting the gypsum powder scraped off by the peeling roller as in the invention according to claim 3, scattering of the gypsum powder to the outside can be prevented and the loss of recovery of the gypsum can be reduced. It is a completed processing device.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a portion of a gypsum board paper peeling apparatus according to the present invention, which peels paper.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a form of a cutting edge on an outer periphery of a peeling roller.

FIG. 3 is a top view of the entire gypsum board paper peeling device according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along a cutting line BB in FIG. 3;

FIGS. 6 (a), (b) and (a) are detailed views showing portions of both ends of the upper peeling roller fixed to the frame of the bearing unit, and FIG. 6 (b) is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG. It is.

FIG. 7 is a side view of a part of a gypsum board paper peeling device according to another embodiment, which peels paper.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Gypsum board 2a Upper peeling roller 2b Lower peeling roller 3 Power (motor) 4a Insertion guide 4b Discharge guide 4c Side guide

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An outer peripheral surface having cutting edges or countless projections
A power (3) is provided for supporting the two peeling rollers (2) in parallel with each other with a gap in the vertical direction, and rotating the peeling roller (2) in opposite directions. Gypsum board (1) in the direction against the rotation of the rollers
A gypsum board paper peeling device that peels paper by feeding paper along a guide (4). 2. A lower peeling roller (2) among said peeling rollers.
The gypsum board paper according to claim 1, wherein the position of the axis of b) is fixed, the position of the axis of the upper peeling roller (2a) is adjusted up and down, and the size of the gap by the upper and lower peeling rollers can be changed. Stripping device. 3. A mechanism for collecting gypsum powder scraped off by said peeling roller (2).
A paper peeling device for the gypsum board according to the above.