JP2000120007A - Surface treating method for civil engineering and building and manufacture of surface material - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To save trouble and time for surface execution by a method wherein an aggregate sheet, in which one layer of aggregate is fixed onto a sheet-like base material by the fixing force of the base material, is fixed onto a surface to be executed so that the aggregate side is directed to a surface, aggregate openings are filled and coated with a cement base and the cement base is removed up to an extent that aggregate is exposed. SOLUTION: Only one layer of aggregate 4 is fastened onto a sheet-like base material 3 in an aggregate sheet 2. A butyl sheet on the market having adhesion on both a surface and a rear is used as the sheet-like base material 3, and a natural stone is employed as aggregate. The openings of aggregate are filled and coated with a cement base 5. The cement base 5 on the surface is removed by sponge. Since aggregate 4 is fixed normally onto the sheet-like base material 3 in a factory, not a field, the surface treating method of the civil engineering and building differs from a conventional aggregate exposing method by washing, and aggregate 4 can be placed in various pattern shapes. Accordingly, surface finish as exposed-aggregate finish by washing can be conducted simply on the field.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a surface treatment method for civil engineering and buildings. The surface of civil engineering and buildings here refers to the surface of roads, bridges and retaining walls, the surface of slopes,
Includes all surfaces, such as walls and floors of buildings and the surfaces of pillars and walls.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Here, a wall of a building will be described as an example. BACKGROUND ART The wall surfaces of buildings have been subjected to various surface treatments for the purpose of waterproofing, improving weather resistance, aesthetics, and the like. For example, tile attachment, stone attachment, spraying of a spray material, and the like.

[0003] Also, a surface construction method called a washing-out method has been frequently performed before. In this method, aggregates (pebbles) are buried one by one in a base prepared with mortar, a cement paste is applied thereon, and after hardening to a certain extent, the cement paste on the surface is washed away with water. In this method, it is difficult to embed pebbles and wash away cement, and it requires considerable skill. At present, the number of people who can perform the work is very small.

[0004] In order to reduce such trouble, the following simple method is also used. A mortar is applied on a base or a substrate, and a mixture of aggregate and mortar is applied thereon. On this, a mortar setting retarder is sprayed, and in this state, a part other than the surface where the retarder reaches is cured (just leave it alone). Then the surface is washed away with water. In this way, the mortar on the surface flows out, the aggregate is partially exposed, and an appearance is obtained in which the aggregate is embedded one by one. If a beautiful stone is selected for the aggregate, it is not only excellent in aesthetic appearance but also a stone (aggregate) and mortar, and also excellent in weather resistance.

[0005]

As described above, the original washing method requires not only technology but also labor and time. In addition, even with the simple method described above, since the coating is performed as a mixture of the aggregate and the cement paste, the aggregate is not lined up by hand one by one, and the height from the work surface varies. is there. If the height from the work surface is different as described above, the one at a high position is immediately exposed, but the one at a low position is not exposed even if a little cement paste is removed. For this reason, when viewed from the surface, an area without aggregate is formed.

In addition, it is difficult and almost impossible to make a pattern appear with this simple washing method. That is, since the coating is performed as a mixture of the aggregate and the cement paste, the appearance of the pebbles on the surface cannot be predicted at all.

[0007]

In view of the above situation, the present inventor has completed the method of the present invention as a result of intensive studies. An aggregate sheet having approximately one layer fixed by the fixing force of the base material is fixed to the surface to be processed so that the aggregate side becomes the surface, and a cement paste is filled and coated in the aggregate gap. The point is that at the stage of solidification, the cement paste is removed until the aggregate is exposed.

The sheet-like substrate is a sheet made of plastic, cardboard, or the like, as long as it has a strength such that pebbles or the like are fixed to the surface and can be handled. The thickness is about 0.1 to 3 mm, depending on the strength. The sheet substrate desirably has a fixing force (usually an adhesive force) on the front and back surfaces. For example, a commercially available product called a butyl sheet is used. If the front and back surfaces do not have an adhesive force, an adhesive or an adhesive may be applied. In addition, the term “adhesion” is a concept including adhesion and adhesion.

The aggregate is usually a natural pebble, but may be a crushed ceramic or a crushed rock. The size is
Although not particularly limited, a thickness of about 5 to 30 mm is preferable.

The aggregate sheet is a sheet to which the above-mentioned aggregate is fixed. In addition, the fact that almost one layer is fixed means that the aggregate is fixed by the fixing force of the sheet, and therefore, the material not in contact with the fixing agent of the sheet is not fixed. Of course, it doesn't mean that it's exactly exactly like that,
Almost the whole. In such a method of fixing only one layer, a large number of aggregates are placed on the sheet, and when the lowermost layer becomes sufficiently dense, the entire sheet is tilted, and excess aggregate (sheet fixing) is performed. What is not in contact with the agent) may be dropped. Of course, the excess may be scraped off with a hand or a tool, or may be sucked with a vacuum pump. When the sheet has a low fixing force, the resin (transparent or non-transparent) may be sprayed or applied as a top coat after the sheet is fixed. In this case, it does not fill the aggregate gap,
The amount is such that the aggregates are fixed to each other in a point shape (not strictly). Otherwise, the cement paste described later cannot be filled.

Since the fixing of the aggregate to the sheet-like base material is usually performed not at the site but at the factory, it is possible to place the aggregate in various patterns unlike the conventional washing-out method. That is, a pattern can be formed by aligning the colors of the aggregates and placing them at predetermined positions for each color.

Further, in order to express a pattern, the aggregate may be fixed in two or more times using a mold member. This mold member is like a pattern paper with various patterns punched out or cut out. Of course, various colored particles may be fixed in a pattern by hand without using a mold member, or by other methods.

[0013] The shape of the mold member may be a straight line such as a simple rod, or a partially stamped flat plate.
In the case of a stick, it is used by placing it in various shapes (brick, tile, etc.). Further, in the case of a stamped product, any shape such as a joint such as tiling, a mosaic pattern, a figure of a plant or animal, a character figure, etc. can be used depending on the shape of the punched portion.

The work surface is the surface of civil engineering or building, and its physical properties may be any. For example, various layers of roads, cementitious surfaces such as concrete surfaces, boards,
A steel plate or any other material may be used, and the base may not be adjusted.

In order to fix the aggregate sheet to the surface to be worked, the aggregate sheet may be fixed with the fixing force if the aggregate sheet has a fixing force. What is necessary is just to apply a fixing agent to a work surface or an aggregate sheet. In addition, when the work surface itself has a fixing force, such a case is unnecessary.

After fixing the aggregate sheet so that the aggregate is on the front side, the gap between the aggregates is filled with a cement paste and applied. This filling requires more than half the height of the aggregate, but does not have to cover everything. Of course, even if the coating is completely covered or the coating is made thicker than that, there is no particular problem as only the amount to be removed is increased. The cement paste means a cement-based coating material, and may be any material such as cement and mortar, and may be colored with a pigment. The hardness (viscosity) of the cement paste may be determined according to the degree of inclination of the work surface, the size of the aggregate, and the like. For example,
For vertical walls and the like, the viscosity must be increased to prevent dripping.

The time for removing the cement paste is as follows:
It is desirable to be removable and as hard as possible.
The removing method may be a method of scraping with a trowel or sponge, a method of rinsing with water, or the like.

Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to impart water permeability and drainage, which have recently been particularly pronounced on roads. What is necessary is just to make the sheet-shaped base material water-permeable and to fill the cement paste with water-permeable. To make the sheet-shaped substrate water-permeable, fine through-holes may be provided. Further, a material having inherent water permeability, for example, a net-like material may be used. Such a penetrating material not only exhibits water permeability, but also when applied with the above-mentioned top coat, the resin penetrates downward and increases the fixing force. For this reason, it plays the role of a top coat with a smaller amount of resin. The water permeability of the cement can be achieved by the size of the aggregate, the mixing ratio with the cement, other additives, and the like, and may be a known one.

In the method of the present invention, it is possible to carry out all the steps on site, conversely, to carry out all the steps in a factory, or to carry out only the manufacture of aggregate sheets in a factory. Therefore, it may be appropriately determined according to each site (use).

The fact that all the steps are performed in a factory means that the step of fixing the aggregate sheet to the surface to be processed is the last step. That is, in this case, the invention refers to a method of manufacturing a surface material that is not fixed to the surface to be processed.

[0021]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on embodiments shown in the drawings. FIG. 1 is a process chart showing an outline of the method of the present invention. FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view showing a state where an aggregate sheet 2 of the present invention is placed and fixed on a road 1 on which groundwork has been adjusted. The aggregate sheet 2 includes a sheet-like base material 3
The aggregate 4 is fixed only to one layer. Sheet substrate 3
Used a commercially available butyl sheet having adhesive strength on both sides. The size of the aggregate is about 1cm
Used natural stone.

FIG. 1B shows a state in which a gap between the aggregates 4 is filled with a cement paste 5 and applied. In this example, the coating is applied slightly thicker than the aggregate is buried. As the cement paste, a mixture of cement and silica sand in a ratio of 1: 2 was used. In this state, the cement paste is left until it is initially solidified. Usually, it solidifies in about 1 to 2 hours.

FIG. 1C shows a state in which the cement paste 5 on the surface is removed with a sponge from the state of FIG.
The upper part of the aggregate 4 is removed to the extent that about one third is exposed. When the cement paste 5 hardens, the process is completed.

FIG. 2 is a process chart showing an example of a method for producing the aggregate sheet 2 of the present invention. A large number of aggregates 4 are dropped from above the sheet-shaped base material 3 having an adhesive force on both sides, so that the aggregates spread over the entire surface of the base material 3 (FIG. 2A). When the aggregate spreads over the entire surface, the aggregate is usually placed more than necessary (FIG. 2B). The extra aggregate 4 is dropped with the sheet inclined (FIG. 2C). Then
A top coat T made of a transparent resin is applied to supplement the fixing force (FIG. 2D). Of course, the top coat T may not be provided. In this example, the processing is performed one sheet at a time, but the sheet may be manufactured continuously using a long sheet. That is, the aggregate may be placed on the sheet, sequentially inclined as it is, and cut into a predetermined size after the excess aggregate falls.

FIG. 3 shows an example in which an aggregate is fixed in a pattern using a mold member. First, a mold member 6 whose back surface has been subjected to a peeling treatment is attached to an adhesive sheet-like base material 3 (FIG. 3).
(A)). A white aggregate 7, for example, is fixed from above. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, the surplus is dropped by tilting (FIG. 3B). Next, the mold member 6 is removed (FIG. 3C). For example, a red aggregate 8 is placed from thereabove, and an excess is dropped similarly (FIG. 3D). In this way, two colors can be separated according to the mold member. This may be used as the aggregate sheet of the present invention.

[0026]

According to the method of the present invention, there are the following significant advantages. The surface finish can be easily washed out and finished on site. Since the aggregate is present in one layer, that is, at almost the same height, when the cement paste is removed, there is almost no unexposed or overexposed aggregate. Since this is a method of laying one layer of aggregate, the aggregate can be laid in a pattern, and the appearance is excellent. Because heavy aggregates are attached to the sheet, it can be applied to vertical walls. By changing the size of the aggregate, various wash-out tones can be expressed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an implementation step of the method of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view showing a method for manufacturing an aggregate sheet used in the method of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view showing another method for producing an aggregate sheet used in the method of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Work surface 2 Aggregate sheet 3 Sheet-like base material 4 Aggregate 5 Cement paste 6 Type member 7 White aggregate 8 Red aggregate

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An aggregate sheet in which an aggregate is fixed to a sheet-like base material by substantially one layer by the fixing force of the base material, is fixed to a work surface so that the aggregate side becomes the surface, and the aggregate sheet is fixed to the aggregate gap. A surface treatment method for civil engineering / building, characterized in that a cement paste is filled and applied, and when the cement paste has solidified to some extent, the cement paste is removed until the aggregate is exposed. 2. The civil engineering work according to claim 2, wherein the sheet-like base material is a plastic sheet having an adhesive force on its front and back surfaces.
Surface treatment method for buildings. 3. The civil engineering and architectural building according to claim 1, wherein the aggregate sheet has a one-layer aggregate fixed by the fixing force of the base material, and then is top-coated with a resin. Surface treatment method. 4. A step in which a cement paste is filled and coated in an aggregate gap of an aggregate sheet in which an aggregate is fixed to a sheet-like base material by a fixing force of the base material, and the cement paste is solidified to some extent. Wherein the cement paste is removed to such an extent that the aggregate is exposed.