JP2000110106A - Snow melting road and structural member therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a snow melting road and a structural member for snow melting road which can be manufactured at a low cost by reducing the running cost by saving electric power. SOLUTION: A structural member 10 for snow melting road is provided by forming an unit block in one body by placing a plane-shaped conductive heating body 13 so arranged as to distribute electrodes 12a, 12b in a plane shape respectively on both the upper and lower surfaces of a conductive heating layer 11 comprising mixed bodies of both a matrix member and conductive powder interposed between the upper road formation layer 14 and the lower road formation layer 16. Then, this structural member 10 for snow-melting road is laid and a snow-melting road is formed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a snowmelt road and a structural material for a snowmelt road, and more particularly to a snowmelt road and a structural material for a snowmelt road capable of generating heat at a low voltage and having excellent power saving.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional snow melting road in which a planar heating element is buried in a road, as shown in FIG. 4, the planar heating element 1 is made of a sheet of a mixture of carbon particles and synthetic resin. A heat-generating part 2 is formed, electrodes 3a and 3b are buried along both edges of the heat-generating part 2, and a voltage is applied between the electrodes 3a and 3b to energize the heat-generating part 2 to generate heat. It was intended to be.

However, such a conventional planar heating element 1 requires a relatively high voltage to be applied due to the large distance between the electrodes, which results in high power consumption and high running cost, There is a problem that the manufacturing cost is increased because an insulating material must be provided for preventing electric shock.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a snowmelt road and a structural material for a snowmelt road which can be manufactured at low cost with low power consumption and running cost. Another object of the present invention is to provide a snowmelt road and a structural material for a snowmelt road that can shorten the construction period of the snowmelt road.

[0005]

According to the present invention, there is provided a snow melting road in which a planar conductive heating element is interposed between an upper road forming layer and a lower road forming layer. The layer body is characterized in that electrodes are arranged on both upper and lower surfaces of a conductive heating layer made of a mixture of a matrix material and a conductive powder so as to be distributed in a plane.

[0006] The planar conductive heating element used in the present invention comprises:
Since the electrodes are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces in the thickness direction of the conductive heat generating layer so as to be distributed in a plane, the distance between the electrodes is extremely reduced. Therefore, even if the applied voltage is lowered, for example, 30 V or less, the conductive heat generating layer can sufficiently generate heat to a required temperature, so that the running cost can be reduced. In addition, since application of a low voltage of about 30 V or less is sufficient, an insulating material for preventing electric shock is not required, and manufacturing costs can be reduced.

According to the snow melting road structural material of the present invention, since the upper road forming layer, the planar conductive heating element, and the lower road forming layer are formed in an integrated unit block, the snow melting road structural material is used. By simply laying a large number of roads, a snow melting road can be formed, and the construction period can be greatly reduced.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In a snow melting road according to the present invention, a conductive heat generating layer is formed of a mixture of a matrix material and conductive powder. As the conductive powder, carbon, graphite, or metal-plated fine hollow glass spheres are preferable, and graphite having self-temperature controllability and metal-plated fine hollow glass spheres are particularly preferable. On the other hand, as the matrix material, asphalt, cement, rubber, elastomer, and synthetic resin are preferable.

The carbon or graphite used as the conductive powder is a powder composed of spherical, shell-like, scale-like, needle-like, fibrous, etc. particles having an average particle size of 0.5 to 500 μm. In particular, graphite containing a large amount of spherical particles has self-temperature controllability, and has the property of self-controlling to maintain a predetermined temperature without providing a temperature controller such as a temperature sensor or a control circuit. preferable. Further, metal-plated fine hollow glass spheres are particularly preferable because they have self-temperature controllability and can reduce power consumption.

[0010] The asphalt or cement used as the matrix material is a pavement material used for pavement of roads, such as asphalt for pavement and cement for pavement. Materials, aggregates and the like may be mixed.

The rubber is a rubber obtained by vulcanizing natural rubber or synthetic rubber, the elastomer is an elastomer such as a thermoplastic elastomer, and the synthetic resin is a synthetic resin such as a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin. is there. If rubber or synthetic resin is used as the matrix material, a soft road surface can be obtained.

As the synthetic resin, for example, a polyester resin, an epoxy resin, a polyamide resin, a polyimide resin, a polyolefin resin, a polyfluorocarbon resin, a polyether / ether ketone, a polyphenylene sulfide resin, a silicone resin, a polytitanocarbosilane resin and the like are selected. it can. If necessary, various additives, reinforcing materials, and the like may be added to this synthetic resin.

In the above mixture, the mixing ratio of the matrix material and the conductive powder depends on the matrix material and the conductive powder within a range where the obtained conductive heating layer can generate heat capable of heating the road surface to a required temperature. Can be set arbitrarily. For example, when graphite having an average particle diameter of 500 μm or less is used as the conductive powder and mixed with paving cement or asphalt for paving, graphite is preferably 7 to 15% by weight, more preferably 8% by weight, based on the entire conductive heat generating layer. The content is preferably set to １１11% by weight. If the proportion of the conductive powder is small, the resistance value increases and the applied voltage must be increased, and if the proportion of the conductive powder is large, the calorific value of the snow melting road becomes excessive.

The conductive heat generating layer of the present invention is obtained by forming the above-mentioned mixture into a layer. The thickness of this layer is 1
3 cm is preferable, and 2 cm is particularly preferable. This is because when the conductive heat generating layer is thin, heat generation tends to be uneven, and when the conductive heat generating layer is thick, the applied voltage increases.

The planar conductive heating element of the present invention has electrodes arranged on both upper and lower surfaces of the above-described conductive heating layer so as to be distributed in a planar manner. As this electrode, Sn, N
A wire, wire mesh, foil, plate, or the like made of i or Ag-plated copper, stainless steel, brass, brass, nickel, aluminum, copper, tin, or the like can be used. As the shape of the electrode, a metal wire braided with a metal wire, a thin metal plate, or the like, which is spread in a planar shape is used.

When a wire mesh is used, a wire having a wire diameter of 0.1 to 2 mm and a mesh size of 20 to 40 mm can be used. If the mesh is large, the voltage cannot be applied uniformly to the conductive heat generating layer, resulting in uneven heat generation.If the mesh is small, the bonding between the upper and lower road forming layers and the planar conductive heat generating layer is weak. And the strength of the snowmelt road decreases. When a metal plate is used, the thickness is preferably 0.5 to 2 mm. The metal plate may be perforated to form a porous structure.

The snowmelt road of the present invention is constituted by interposing the above-mentioned planar conductive heating element between the upper road forming layer and the lower road forming layer. As the upper road forming layer and the lower road forming layer, cement for paving, asphalt for paving, etc.
It is a layer formed by mixing various admixtures, aggregates, and the like with a road surface pavement material used for pavement of a road. The upper road forming layer and the lower road forming layer can be formed from the same material as the road surface paving material used for the conductive heat generating layer. In this case, the strength of the obtained road can be improved because the bonding between the layers becomes stronger. The thickness of the upper road forming layer is preferably 2 to 4 cm, particularly 3 cm.
It is preferred that If the upper road forming layer is thin, sufficient road surface strength cannot be obtained, and if the upper road forming layer is thick, the heat generation amount of the heating element layer is insufficient.

Although the snow melting road of the present invention may be constructed directly on the road surface, a planar conductive heating element is interposed between the upper road forming layer and the lower road forming layer, and A conductive heating element is formed by arranging electrodes on both upper and lower surfaces of a conductive heating layer composed of a mixture of a matrix material and a conductive powder so as to be distributed in a planar manner, and the upper road forming layer and the planar The conductive heating element and the lower road forming layer may be a structural material as an integral unit block.

In the present invention, the unit block has a size capable of being transported, for example, the upper surface can be formed in a triangle, square, pentagon, hexagon, other polygon, or circular shape. When formed in an integral unit block in this way, the above-described snow melting road can be formed by laying the unit blocks side by side and connecting the electrodes. for that reason,
The construction period of the snowmelt road can be shortened, and the production site of the unit blocks and the construction site of the snowmelt road can be separated from each other. Can be planned.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of the snow melting road structural material of the present invention. In the structural material 10 for snow melting roads, the conductive heat generating layer 11 is formed from a mixture having a self-temperature control property in which asphalt for pavement is used as a matrix material and graphite of spherical particles is mixed as conductive powder. Upper electrode 1 made of a wire mesh on both upper and lower surfaces of conductive heat generating layer 11
2a and the lower electrode 12b are arranged so as to be distributed in a plane while keeping the distance between the electrodes substantially constant, and constitute a planar conductive heating element 13. Further, an upper road forming layer 14 and a lower road forming layer 16 formed of the same material as the matrix material of the conductive heat generating layer 11 are arranged below the upper electrode 12a and the lower electrode 12b, respectively.

The snow melting road structural material 10 includes an upper road forming layer 14, a planar conductive heating element 13, and a lower road forming layer 16.
By being press-molded together in a laminated state,
The upper surface is a square unit block. The upper and lower electrodes 12a and 12b of the adjacent road structural material 10 are respectively connected to the upper and lower electrodes 12a and 12b.
The terminal portions 12c and 12d are connected so as to be connected to.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a plurality of the snow melting road structural members 10 are laid to form a snow melting road 17. Laying of the snow melting road structural material 10
If necessary, another road forming material is laid on the roadbed or the roadbed 18 after the foundation work, and the road forming materials are laid one by one one by one, and the upper electrode 12a and the lower electrode 12b of the adjacent snow melting road structural material 10 are connected to each other. Are connected to each other, and the snow melting road structural members 10 are fixed with a caulking material or the like.

After the snow melting road 17 is formed in this way, when an AC or DC voltage is applied between the upper electrode 12a and the lower electrode 12b, the planar conductive heating element 13 generates heat, and the road surface of the snow melting road 17 is formed. Can be heated. When the road surface temperature becomes sufficiently high, the resistance increases rapidly due to the self-temperature controllability of the conductive heat generating layer 11, and the current value decreases.
Since the calorific value of the planar conductive heating element 13 is reduced, it is possible to prevent the road surface from being excessively heated.

As described above, in the snow melting road structural material 10, since the upper electrode 12a and the lower electrode 12b are arranged in a planar manner on both upper and lower surfaces in the thickness direction of the conductive heat generating layer 11, both electrodes are provided. The distance between the electrodes 12a and 12b is extremely small.
Therefore, the voltage applied between the two electrodes 12a and 12b may be low. For example, even if the voltage is 30 V or less, the conductive heating layer 11 can be sufficiently heated to heat the road surface to a required temperature. Cost can be reduced. Further, since application of a low voltage of 30 V or less is sufficient, there is no risk of electric shock to the human body. Therefore, there is no need to provide an insulating material for preventing electric shock, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

Further, since the snow melting road structural material 10 is a unit block, the snow melting road can be formed by laying the unit blocks, so that the construction period of the snow melting road can be shortened, and the manufacturing of the unit block can be shortened. Work efficiency can be improved by separating the construction site of the snowmelt road from the construction site.

In this embodiment, the snow melting road structural material 10 formed in the unit block is used for the roadbed or the roadbed 1.
8 has been described to form a snow melting road, but in the present invention, the lower road forming layer 16 and the lower electrode 12 are formed.
b, the conductive heat generating layer 11, the upper electrode 12a, and the upper road forming layer 14 may be formed directly on the roadbed or the roadbed 18 in this order to form the snow melting road 17. Also in this case, the construction period can be shortened as compared with other snow melting roads.

[0027]

EXAMPLE Asphalt for pavement was used as a matrix material, and graphite composed of spherical particles having an average particle diameter of 30 μm was blended as conductive powder so as to be 8% by weight of the conductive heating material, and molded. Then, two wire meshes having a wire diameter of 1 mm and a mesh of 30 mm were arranged in a plane and joined to produce a sheet heating element. Also, a road surface pavement material made of the same asphalt for pavement as the matrix material of the conductive heating material was prepared.

Next, in the mold cavity, a road surface pavement material, a sheet heating element, and a road surface pavement material are laminated in order from the bottom,
The snow melting road structural material 10 was prepared by press molding. The obtained snow melting road structural material 10 is a square having an upper surface of 30 cm on a side and a block having a thickness of 8 cm. The upper electrode 12 a is 3 cm from the upper surface, and the upper and lower electrodes 12
The distance between a and 12b was 2 cm.

The thus obtained structural material for snow melting road 10 was left standing by applying an AC voltage of 30 V under the conditions of room temperature -10 ° C. and wind speed of 10 m / sec. Stable at about 5 ° C.

[0030]

As described above in detail, according to the snow melting road of the present invention, the electrodes are formed so as to be distributed on both upper and lower surfaces of the conductive heating layer made of a mixture of the matrix material and the conductive powder. Since the planar conductive heating element arranged and arranged is interposed between the upper road formation layer and the lower road formation layer, the distance between the electrodes can be significantly reduced, and the road surface can be appropriately heated by applying a low voltage. Can generate heat. Therefore, it is possible to manufacture at low cost with low power consumption and low running cost, and without using an insulating material for preventing electric shock.

According to the structural material for a snow melting road of the present invention, the upper road forming layer, the planar conductive heat generating layer, and the lower road forming layer are formed in an integrated unit block, so that the construction period of the snow melting road is greatly reduced. Can be shortened.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing one example of a snow melting road structural material of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing, in partial cross section, a snow melting road formed using the snow melting road structural material of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion A in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a plan view showing a conventional planar heating element.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Structural material for snow melting road 11 Conductive heating layer 12a Upper electrode 12b Lower electrode 13 Planar conductive heating element 17 Snow melting road

Claims (6)

[Claims] A planar conductive heating element is interposed between an upper road forming layer and a lower road forming layer, and the planar conductive heating element is formed of a mixture of a matrix material and a conductive powder. A snowmelt road composed of electrodes arranged on both upper and lower surfaces of the heating layer so as to be distributed in a plane. 2. The snowmelt road according to claim 1, wherein the conductive powder is a hollow glass sphere that is carbon, graphite, or metal plated. 3. The snowmelt road according to claim 1, wherein the matrix material is asphalt, cement, rubber, elastomer, or synthetic resin. 4. A planar conductive heating element is interposed between an upper road forming layer and a lower road forming layer, and the planar conductive heating element is formed of a mixture of a matrix material and a conductive powder. A snow melting road in which electrodes are arranged on both upper and lower surfaces of the heat generating layer so as to be distributed in a plane, and the upper road forming layer, the planar conductive heating element, and the lower road forming layer are formed as an integral unit block. Structural materials. 5. The structural material for a snow melting road according to claim 4, wherein the conductive powder is a hollow crow sphere plated with carbon, graphite, or metal. 6. The structural material for a snow melting road according to claim 4, wherein the matrix material is asphalt, cement, rubber, elastomer, or synthetic resin.