JP2000104835A - High pressure difference shaft seal structure for slag crusher - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a structure provided with a good seal characteristic including good durability by forming a device as a high pressure difference resistance structure as well as ensuring a good follow-up property to displacement of a rotary shaft of a roll crusher. SOLUTION: Gland packings 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D are arranged while being brought into slide contact with a rotary shaft 1, a U-shaped ring 6 containing packing is brought in tightly contact with the gland packing 3D, and is brought into slide contact with the rotary shaft 1. The ring 6 is tightly fitted to a packing retainer 7, and a tip of a packing pressurizing screw 8 is push-pressed into a device while threadedly engaged with a packing casing 11. The packing retainer 7 is energized into the device by a spring 9 so as to prevent slipping-out of the gland packing 3A and the like. The packing casing 11 is held to a container 2 through an O-ring 10 and retaining member 13 by a screw 12, U-shaped packing 4B, 4C are disposed in circumferential grooves 14, 15, and are brought into contact with an outer periphery of the packing casing 11 so as to form a seal structure of an outer peripheral side.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a high differential pressure shaft seal structure for a slag crusher.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a sandwich slag crusher for a coal gasifier, the present applicant has developed a crusher according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 7-247484. This crusher, as shown in FIG.
The slag falling from the coal gasifier main body 1001 is cooled and solidified in water, dropped from the lower funnel-shaped wall 1002, and the solidified slag is sandwiched and crushed by the lower crusher 1001.
The slag is crushed with its teeth. In this way, large slag of about 100 mm or more is pre-crushed.

[0003] Then, the crushed slag is sent downward to the adjacent roll crusher 1004, and as shown in FIG. 12, the slag 1007 is sandwiched between the roll crusher teeth 1005 and the swash plate 1006 to be further crushed. I have to. Here, the gasification furnace 1000 itself is a pressure vessel, and passes through the rotation shaft of the roll crusher 1004 from the outside toward the inside thereof. A drive motor (not shown) is mounted on the outside. In such a structure in which the rotating shaft passes through the pressure vessel, it is necessary to seal around the axis of the roll crusher 1004, that is, for example, the right and left portions of the cylindrical vessel portion 1008 (FIG. 11). However, when the slag is sandwiched by the roll crusher 1004, if there is a large deflection on the rotating shaft, there is a problem that water leaks if the seal is not appropriate.

As a countermeasure against this, conventionally, a gland packing has been adopted for the seal of the roll crusher portion. However, the gland packing is not sufficient, and leakage occurs. Therefore, the operation has been performed while reducing the leakage by a method such as injection of high-pressure grease. Such a seal structure is expensive and has a short life. Therefore, the current structure cannot be said to have sufficient characteristics, and a better seal structure has been desired.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a high differential pressure shaft seal structure for a slag crusher having excellent sealing characteristics including good durability in view of the above circumstances.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, a high differential pressure shaft seal structure of a slag crusher according to the present invention secures followability of the rotation shaft of a roll crusher to displacement of the rotation shaft. Means and a high differential pressure resistant structure.

[0007] The high differential pressure shaft seal structure of the slag crusher according to the present invention comprises an inner peripheral side seal structure comprising a plurality of gland packings and at least one U-shaped packing, and at least two U-shaped packings. And an outer peripheral side sealing structure as shown in FIG. It should be noted that a seal structure having only one of these inner and outer seal structures may be implemented depending on conditions (FIG. 7). As another form, the high differential pressure shaft seal structure of the slag crusher according to the present invention has an inner peripheral side seal structure composed of a plurality of gland packings and at least one U-shaped packing, and an outer peripheral structure having a similar configuration. It can also be implemented as a form as shown in FIG. 2 having a side seal structure.

In another aspect, the high differential pressure shaft seal structure of the slag crusher according to the present invention comprises an inner peripheral side seal structure comprising a plurality of gland packings 3 and at least one U-shaped packing 4A. Bellows, elastic, or U
3, 4 or 5 provided with an outer peripheral side seal structure using a structural member having a high elasticity such as a letter-shaped ring.

As another form, the high differential pressure shaft seal structure of the slag crusher according to the present invention uses U-shaped packing in multiple stages and the outermost U-shaped packing has a floating structure. Alternatively, the present invention can be implemented as a form as shown in FIG. As another form, the high differential pressure shaft seal structure of the slag crusher according to the present invention has a structure in which U-shaped packings are arranged in multiple stages, and a static pressure bearing is formed between the U-shaped packings to displace the rotating shaft. Can be implemented as a form as shown in FIG.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS A high differential pressure shaft seal structure of a slag crusher according to the present invention will be described below with reference to embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a high differential pressure shaft seal structure of a slag crusher according to the present invention.
In the figure, the right side shows the outside of the machine (outside the vessel of the gasification furnace). This is the same in other embodiments shown in the following other drawings. In the present embodiment, the ground packings 3A arranged in multiple stages (four stages),
It has an inner peripheral side sealing structure composed of 3B, 3C, 3D and a U-shaped packing 4A, and an outer peripheral side sealing structure composed of two U-shaped packings 4B, 4C.

The "U-shaped packing" described in the present specification is a packing made of a general synthetic resin having a U-shaped cross section as shown in U-shaped packings 4A, 4B and 4C in FIG. Is a member that maintains the seal structure by orbiting around the rotary shaft 1 and the like. The U-shaped packing is arranged in a circumferential groove provided in the container 2 to stabilize its position. In addition, "gland packing" refers to a method of impregnating a rectangular cord made of fiber such as carbon fiber with oil for improving lubricity and sealing properties, and pressing it in from an axial direction to expand in a circumferential direction, thereby sealing. It is a packing that has sex. A lantern ring is arranged for every two or three gland packings to facilitate pushing in the axial direction.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a cylindrical recess 2A for sealing is provided in a part of a container 2 through which a rotating shaft 1 of a roll crusher passes, and a sealing member is provided here.
The four ground packings 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D are:
Two lantern rings 5 are provided in front of and behind the lantern ring 5 in sliding contact with the rotating shaft 1. 3D outermost ground packing
Is in close contact with the ring 6 with a U-shaped packing. The U-shaped packing 4A is built in the circumferential groove of the ring 6 with the U-shaped packing.
Slides on the rotating shaft 1. In this specification,
"Sliding contact" refers to contacting each other with a certain pressing force so as to be slidable with each other.

The U-shaped packing ring 6 is closely attached to the packing retainer 7 on the outside of the machine.
When the tip of the packing pressure screw 8 is screwed into the packing casing 11, the packing is pressed inward. The spring 9 is interposed between the screw 8 and the packing retainer 7 by its resilient force, urges the packing retainer 7 toward the inside of the machine, and prevents the gland packing 3A or the like from coming off. The packing casing 11 includes an O-ring 10 and a holding member 13.
And is held on the container 2 by the screw 12. Container 2
Circumferential grooves 14, 15 further provided in the cylindrical concave portion 2A
Inside, U-shaped packings 4B and 4C are disposed, and these are brought into contact with the outer periphery of the cylindrical packing casing 11, thereby forming an outer peripheral sealing structure.

It should be noted that U through the flow paths 16, 17, 18
Cleaning grease or water is sent to the U-shaped packing 4A to remove the dust adhering to the U-shaped packings 4A and 4B, or reduce the differential pressure (pressure difference between the inside and outside of the machine) applied to the single-stage packing. Do. In this embodiment,
It has a double seal structure including an inner peripheral seal with high differential pressure resistance and an outer peripheral seal with good followability. It is designed to satisfy the following.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the high differential pressure shaft seal structure of the slag crusher according to the present invention. Also in FIG. 2, the right side shows the outside of the machine (outside of the vessel of the gasification furnace). This is the same in the embodiments shown in the following drawings. In the present embodiment, the ground packings 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D arranged in multiple stages,
The outer peripheral seal structure having the same configuration as the inner peripheral seal structure composed of the character packing 4A and the outer peripheral seal structure having the same configuration. In this embodiment, similarly to the embodiment of FIG. 1, a cylindrical recess 2A for sealing is provided in a part of a container 2 through which a rotating shaft 1 of a roll crusher passes, and a sealing member is provided here. I have.
The seal structure on the inner peripheral side is the same as that described with reference to FIG. 1, and the elements denoted by the same reference numerals have the same configuration and function.

In this embodiment, the packing casing 11 is held on the container 2 by screws 22 via an O-ring 20 and a pressing member 23. Furthermore, 4 on the outer peripheral side
Ground packings 24A, 24B, 24C, 24
D is slidably contacted with the packing casing 11 and is arranged two before and after the lantern ring 25. The U-shaped packing-containing ring 26 is in close contact with the outermost ground packing 24D. A U-shaped packing 27 is built in the circumferential groove of the ring 26 with the U-shaped packing, and the U-shaped packing 27 is in sliding contact with the packing casing 11. Ring 26 with U-shaped packing
Is tightly attached to the packing press 28 on the outside of the machine, and the packing press 28 is pressed to the inside of the machine when the tip of the packing press screw 29 is screwed into the container 2. The packing pressure screw 29 penetrates the through hole 30 of the holding member 23. The packing holder 28 is an O-ring 32
, But is urged inward by the spring 31.

It should be noted that cleaning grease or water is sent to the U-shaped packings 4A, 27 through the flow paths 33, 34, 35, 36 to remove dust adhering to the U-shaped packings 4A, 27 or to perform one-stage packing. The pressure difference (pressure difference between the inside and outside of the machine) applied to the machine is reduced. In this embodiment, a double sealing structure of the inner and outer circumferences provided with a multi-stage (four-stage) gland packing is provided. Packing 4
A, 27 itself is adapted to follow the rotation axis.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the high differential pressure shaft seal structure of the slag crusher according to the present invention. In this embodiment, the inner peripheral side sealing structure including the gland packings 3 arranged in multiple stages and the U-shaped packings 4A and the bellows 4
0 has an outer peripheral side seal structure. In this embodiment, similarly to the embodiment of FIGS. 1 and 2, a cylindrical recess 2A for sealing is provided in a part of a container 2 through which a rotating shaft 1 of a roll crusher penetrates, and a sealing member is provided here. are doing. The inner peripheral side seal structure itself is the same as that described with reference to FIG. 1 or FIG. 2, and the elements denoted by the same reference numerals have the same configuration and function.

The packing casing 11 comprises a bellows 40.
Is held in the container 2. The bellows 40 at the same time constitutes means for causing the seal structure to follow the rotating shaft 1 in the present embodiment. The cross section of the bellows 40 is shown in FIG. 3, and the bellows 40 goes around the cylindrical packing casing 11 to form a seal structure on the outer peripheral side. Bellows 40
Is preferably made of a material such as stainless steel. The bellows 40 are passed through the flow paths 41, 42, 43.
Alternatively, cleaning grease or water is sent to the U-shaped packing 4A to remove dust adhering thereto or to reduce a differential pressure (pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the machine) applied to the single-stage packing. In this embodiment, the followability of the bellows 40 is satisfied by the followability of the bellows 40, in addition to the seal structure that has a high differential pressure resistance on the inner peripheral side and suppresses the movement of the rotation shaft 1.

FIG. 4 shows an embodiment similar to FIG. In this embodiment, an elastic body 45 is provided instead of the bellows 40. This elastic body 45 has a cross section shown in FIG. 4 and has a cylindrical packing casing 11.
To form a seal structure on the outer peripheral side. The function of the elastic body 45 is almost the same as that of the bellows 40, and the function of the elastic body 45 satisfies the ability to follow the axis. The elastic body 45 is preferably made of a material such as rubber or a resin having a high elastic modulus.

FIG. 5 shows another embodiment similar to FIGS. In this embodiment, in place of the bellows 40 in FIG. 3 or the elastic body 45 in FIG.
It is fixed at 48. The U-shaped ring 46 is in close contact with the container 2 and the packing casing member 11 via O-rings 49 and 50. This U-shaped ring 46 has a cross section shown in FIG. 5 and goes around the cylindrical packing casing 11 to constitute a seal structure on the outer peripheral side. The function of the U-shaped ring 46 is that the bellows 40 or the elastic body 45
The operation of the U-shaped ring 46 satisfies the ability to follow the axis. However, compared to the bellows 40 or the elastic body 45, the U-shaped ring 46 is
It can be attached to a site with high differential pressure.

FIG. 6 shows an embodiment in which U-shaped packing is used in multiple stages and the outermost U-shaped packing 61D has a floating structure. In this embodiment, U-shaped packings 61A, 61B, 61C, and 61D are respectively provided in containers 2
Are arranged in the circumferential grooves 62A, 62B, 62C, 62D provided so that each U-shaped packing is in close contact with the container 2 and the rotating shaft 1. The U-shaped packing 61D of the last stage is disposed in the ring 63, and the ring 63 is slidably contacted with the container 2 via the O-ring 64. Grease or water is supplied through the flow passage 65 to remove dust or to reduce a differential pressure (pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the machine) applied to the first-stage packing. With such a structure, a multi-stage (four-stage) U-shaped packing can first withstand a high differential pressure. Then, the ring 63 is connected to the container 2 via the O-ring 64.
, The structure has a floating structure to some extent, and has good follow-up ability with respect to fluctuation of the axis. In the present specification, the “floating structure” means that the rotating shaft 1 moves following the rotating shaft 1 and maintains contact with the container 2 even when the rotating shaft 1 is deflected and does not maintain a regular angle with respect to the container 2. This means a structure in which the deflection of the rotating shaft 1 is substantially absorbed, and a seal structure can be maintained between the rotating shaft 1 and the container 2.

FIG. 7 is provided with only an inner peripheral side seal structure comprising a multi-stage ground packing and a U-shaped packing. In this embodiment, similarly to the embodiment of FIG. 1, a cylindrical recess 2A for sealing is provided in a part of a container 2 through which a rotating shaft 1 of a roll crusher passes, and a sealing member is provided here. I have. The four ground packings 3 </ b> A, 3 </ b> B, 3 </ b> C, and 3 </ b> D are in sliding contact with the rotating shaft 1, and are provided two by two before and after the lantern ring 5. The U-shaped packing-containing ring 6 is in close contact with the outermost ground packing 3D. A U-shaped packing 4 </ b> A is built in a circumferential groove of the ring 6 with U-shaped packing, and the U-shaped packing 4 </ b> A is in sliding contact with the rotating shaft 1.
The U-shaped packing ring 6 is closely attached to the packing retainer 7 on the outside of the machine, and the packing retainer 7 is pressed to the inside of the machine when the tip of the packing pressing screw 8 is screwed into the container 2. The spring 9 is interposed between the screw 8 and the packing retainer 7 by its resilient force, urges the packing retainer 7 toward the inside of the machine, and prevents the gland packing 3 and the like from coming off. This embodiment is an embodiment provided with only the inner peripheral side seal structure of the embodiment of FIG. 1 and the like. However, even if only the combination of the multi-stage gland packing 3 and the U-shaped packing 4A in the ring is used, the axial center of Displacement can be suppressed and followability to the axis can be satisfied depending on conditions.

FIG. 8 shows a U-shaped packing 81A, 81B,
81C are arranged in three steps in the circumferential grooves 82A, 82B, 82C, and between the U-shaped packings 81A, 81B of the two steps on the left side.
An embodiment in which an orifice 83 is provided is shown. In this embodiment, a fluid such as water is supplied from the orifice 83 to form a hydrostatic bearing. By configuring the hydrostatic bearing, displacement of the shaft can be suppressed. Further, by arranging the U-shaped packing in three stages, the structure can cope with a high differential pressure. It should be noted that grease or water is fed from the flow path 84 to discharge dust or reduce a differential pressure (pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the machine) applied to one-stage packing.

FIG. 9 shows a U-shaped packing with circumferential grooves 92A,
An embodiment is shown in which three stages (91A, 91B, 91C) are arranged in 92B and 92C, and the rightmost U-shaped packing 91C is arranged in a ring 93 having a floating structure. In this embodiment, the ring 93 contacts the container 2 in the circumferential groove 92 via the O-ring 94. Further, a fluid (water) is sent from the orifice 95 and discharged from the flow path 96. Thus, the ring 93 has a floating structure. In this embodiment, the U-shaped packing is arranged in multiple stages (three stages) to cope with high differential pressure, and such a floating structure improves followability when the rotating shaft 1 moves. . In addition, grease or water is fed from the flow path 97 to discharge dust, or to reduce a differential pressure (pressure difference between the inside and the outside of the machine) applied to one-stage packing.

FIG. 10 shows an O-ring 6 according to the embodiment of FIG.
Instead of 3, the end face of the ring 101 is curved. As a result, the ability to follow the rotating shaft 1 is improved.
The other components are the same as those described with reference to FIG. 6, and the components denoted by the same reference numerals have the same configurations and functions.

[0027]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, a high differential pressure shaft sealing structure of a slag crusher having excellent sealing characteristics including good durability is provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view illustrating an embodiment of a high differential pressure shaft seal structure of a slag crusher according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another embodiment of the high differential pressure shaft seal structure of the slag crusher according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another embodiment of a high differential pressure shaft seal structure of a slag crusher according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view illustrating another embodiment of the high differential pressure shaft seal structure of the slag crusher according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another embodiment of the high differential pressure shaft seal structure of the slag crusher according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another embodiment of the high differential pressure shaft seal structure of the slag crusher according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another embodiment of the high differential pressure shaft seal structure of the slag crusher according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another embodiment of the high differential pressure shaft seal structure of the slag crusher according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating another embodiment of the high differential pressure shaft seal structure of the slag crusher according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view illustrating another embodiment of the high differential pressure shaft seal structure of the slag crusher according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an outline of a conventional coal gasifier.

FIG. 12 is a conceptual diagram illustrating functions of a conventional slag crusher.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotation axis 2 Container 3A, 3B, 3C, 3D Ground packing 4A, 4B, 4C, 27 U-shaped packing 5, 25 Lantern ring 6, 26 U-packed ring 7, 28 Packing press 8, 29 Packing press screw 9 Spring 10, 20, 32 O-ring 11 Packing casing 13, 23 Pressing member 14, 15 Circumferential groove 16, 17, 18, 33, 34, 35, 36 Flow path 24A, 24B, 24C, 24D Ground packing 30 Through hole 40 Bellows 41, 42, 43 Flow path 45 Elastic body 46 U-shaped ring 12, 47, 48 Screw 49, 50, 64 O-ring 61A, 61B, 61C, 61D U-shaped packing 62A, 62B, 62C, 62D circumferential groove 65 Flow paths 81A, 81B, 81C U-shaped packing 82A, 82B, 82C Circumferential grooves 91A, 91B, 91C U-shaped packing 92A, 92B, 92C circumferential grooves 83,95 orifice 101 ring

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Kazuhiko Maekawa 5-717-1 Fukahori-cho, Nagasaki-city, Nagasaki Pref. Sanishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. No. 1 Mitsuishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.Nagasaki Research Institute (72) Inventor Shinyuki Hayashi 5-717-1 Fukahori-cho, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki Prefecture No. 1-1, Machi Nagasaki Shipyard, Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. F-term (reference) 3J043 AA16 BA08 CA13 CB06 CB13 DA03

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A high differential pressure shaft seal structure for a slag crusher, characterized in that a means for ensuring the ability to follow the displacement of the rotary shaft of the roll crusher is provided and a high differential pressure resistant structure is provided. 2. A multi-stage ground packing,
2. A high differential pressure shaft seal for a slag crusher according to claim 1, further comprising: an inner peripheral side sealing structure comprising at least one U-shaped packing; and an outer peripheral side sealing structure comprising at least two U-shaped packings. Construction. 3. A multi-stage ground packing,
2. The high differential pressure shaft sealing structure for a slag crusher according to claim 1, further comprising at least one circumference of a sealing structure including at least one U-shaped packing. 4. A multi-stage ground packing,
An inner peripheral side seal structure comprising at least one U-shaped packing and an outer peripheral side seal structure using a highly elastic structural member such as a bellows, an elastic body, or a U-shaped ring are provided. A high differential pressure shaft seal structure for the slag crusher according to claim 1. 5. The high differential pressure shaft seal structure of a slag crusher according to claim 1, wherein the U-shaped packing is used in multiple stages, and the outermost U-shaped packing has a floating structure. 6. The slag crusher according to claim 1, wherein the U-shaped packing is arranged in multiple stages, and the displacement of the rotating shaft is suppressed by forming a hydrostatic bearing between the U-shaped packings. High differential pressure shaft seal structure.