JP2000102603A - Centrifugal bowl - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a centrifugal bowl used in a blood component separation device using an intermittent blood flow centrifugal method, the centrifugal bowl being capable of reducing both in vitro circulation time and in vitro blood amount, and further having a measure against leakage of a rotation seal member. SOLUTION: In a centrifugal bowl 1A, a first collection space 53 to which erythrocyte flows in and a second collection space 52 to which plasma flows in are arranged on the positions from a separation space 51 towards a rotation shaft P1 and communicate with the separation space 51. Due to this structure, erythrocyte and plasma can be separated and collected without stopping the rotation of the centrifugal bowl 1A. Further, leakage from a mechanical seal 9 is permitted to flow from the inside of a centrifugal bowl body 2 to the outside by supplying a pressurized sterilizing air to a supply port of a port member 5A.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a centrifugal bowl used for an intermittent blood flow centrifugal type blood component separator, and more particularly, to shorten the extracorporeal circulation time and reduce the extracorporeal blood volume. The present invention relates to a centrifugal bowl provided with a countermeasure against leakage of a rotary seal member.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In the past, blood transfusions have been performed in the form of transfused blood. However, at present, component transfusion that provides only blood components that are truly needed by patients and that does not provide unnecessary blood components as much as possible is rapidly developing. The blood components are roughly classified into plasma serving as a substrate and blood cells serving as cell components, and such blood cells are further classified into red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. The reasons for the rapid development of component blood transfusion include medical demands to prevent unnecessary blood components from being infused into patients, thereby burdening organs, causing side effects, and producing new antibodies. by. In order to perform such component transfusion, "blood component separation" must be performed to selectively separate required blood components from blood.

In the current "blood component separation", blood is collected from a donor, only necessary blood components are separated and collected from the collected blood, and the remaining blood is returned to the same donor. . In general, most of blood collected from a donor (for example, plasma containing red blood cells) is returned, so the burden on the donor is higher than that of “donation”, which provides all of the collected blood. Is less. “Blood component separation”, which is a series of operations of blood collection, separation and collection, and blood return, is performed by various blood component separation devices for about 30 to 90 minutes.

[0004] Such blood component separation devices can be classified into several types according to a method of separating blood components. One of them is an intermittent blood flow centrifugation type blood component separation device. After securing the vein on one side of the donor, a certain amount of blood is collected while mixing the anticoagulant, and the collected blood is collected by centrifugation to collect the necessary blood components, and the remaining blood is returned. This is a method called a batch method, in which the blooding operation is alternately repeated 6 to 8 times.
The principle of an intermittent blood flow centrifugal blood component separator will be briefly described below with reference to the drawings.

FIGS. 10 and 11 show flow charts for separating and collecting platelet-poor plasma (plasma containing a small amount of platelets) in the blood component separator 150 of the intermittent blood flow centrifugal method. FIG. 10 shows a state at the time of blood collection (and separation and collection), and FIG. 11 shows a state at the time of blood return. A series of operations of the motor, the on-off valve, and the like of the blood component separation device 150 are controlled by a microcomputer, but descriptions relating to automatic control are omitted for convenience of explanation.

[0006] At the time of blood collection (and separation and collection), blood that has just been collected from a donor's vein via the blood collection needle 151 is subjected to anticoagulation as soon as it leaves the blood collection needle 151.
The anticoagulation treatment is performed by using the anticoagulant 153 contained in the container 152.
Is supplied to the blood collection needle 151 through the tube 155 connected to the container 152 via the sterilization filter 166 by the rotation of the roller-type anticoagulant pump 154. The anticoagulated blood flows into the bottom of the bubble detection chamber 157 through the tube 156 by venous pressure.

[0007] The blood filling the bubble detection chamber 157 is supplied to the tube 1 by rotation of a roller-type blood pump 158.
After passing through 59 and 160, it is sent to the inflow port 181 of the centrifugal bowl 161 (see FIGS. 12, 13, and 14). The centrifugal bowl 161 to which the blood has been sent is rotated by a motor (not shown). By this rotation, the blood in the centrifuge bowl 161 is centrifuged and separated into platelet-poor plasma and non-platelet-poor plasma (plasma containing a large amount of red blood cells and the like). The separated platelet poor plasma is supplied to the peripheral port 182 (FIGS. 12 and 1).
3 and 14), and is sent to the plasma container 164 through the tubes 162 and 163.

Here, the structure of the centrifugal bowl 161 used in the blood component separation device 150 will be briefly described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 12 shows an external view of the centrifugal bowl 161. FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the centrifugal bowl 161.

A port member 180 provided with an inflow port 181 to which blood is sent is provided with a peripheral port 182 and an upper skirt 183 in addition to the port member 180. The supply pipe stem 184 is inserted into the port member 180, and the inside of the port member 180 has a double pipe structure. In such a double-pipe configuration, the inside (of the supply pipe stem 184) communicates with the inflow port 181 and
The outside (at 84) communicates with the peripheral port 182. Further, a lower skirt 185 is inserted into the supply pipe stem 185 to form a sampling port 186 communicating with the peripheral port 182 between the lower skirt 185 and the upper skirt 183. On the other hand, the top of the hollow centrifugal bowl main body 187 is
The port member 180 is loosely inserted into the opening 200, and the supply pipe stem 185 and the sampling port 186 are located inside the centrifugal bowl main body 187.

The centrifugal bowl main body 187 has a so-called truncated cone shape that gradually narrows upward, and an upper core 188 also having the same truncated cone shape is provided inside the centrifugal bowl main body 187. Thus, a separation space 201 is formed between the inner peripheral surface of the centrifugal bowl main body 187 and the outer peripheral surface of the upper core 188, and a sampling space 2 is formed between the opening 200 of the centrifugal bowl main body 187 and the top of the upper core 188.
02 is formed. With the above-described collection 186 interposed in the collection space 202, the peripheral port 182 is formed.
And the sampling space 202 are circulated. Also, the upper core 188
The lower core 189 is fitted with a circular tube portion 189A in a play insertion opening formed at the center of the top of the upper core 189, and the lower core 188 is fitted with a disk portion 189B in a lower end portion thereof. 188 and the lower core 189 are integrated. The above-described supply pipe stem 185 is inserted into the circular pipe part 189A of the lower core 189, and the inside of the circular pipe part 189A of the lower core 189 also has a double pipe structure.

Then, by fixing the bottom member 190 to the lower side of the centrifugal bowl main body 187, several claw portions 188A formed on the top of the upper core 188 can be fixed.
87, and several claws 188B formed at the lower end of the upper core 188 are brought into contact with the upper side of the bottom member 190, so that the integrated upper core 188 and lower core 18 are integrated.
9 are fixed inside the centrifugal bowl main body 187. Thereby, the bottom channel 20 is located between the lower side of the disk portion 189B of the lower core 189 and the upper side of the bottom member 183.
3 are formed, and a collection channel 204 is formed between the top of the centrifuge bowl body 187 and the top of the upper core 188.

The port member 180 and the centrifugal bowl main body 187
The rotary seal member used for mounting the mechanical seal 195 is a mechanical seal 195 including an elastic bellows 191, a carbon ring 192, a ceramic ring 193, and a press ring 194.
And is mounted so as to be rotatable about the axis P2 as a rotation axis in the direction of arrow Q2. When the centrifugal bowl 161 rotates, the port member 18 to which the pipe 160 and the like are connected.
0 and the like are fixed to the blood component separation device 150, and the centrifugal bowl main body 187, the upper core 188, and the like into which blood flows in rotate.

In the blood component separation device 150, the centrifugal bowl main body 18 is used to maintain the blood at the time of blood collection.
Although it is necessary to prevent air leakage to a minimum by sealing the interior of 7, the air leakage of the centrifugal bowl 161 (that is, the mechanical seal 195) is minimized as follows.

The centrifuge bowl 161 is used for the blood component separation device 15.
When the port member 180 is not mounted on the port member 180, the port member 180 is pushed upward by the elastic bellows 191, but when the upper skirt 183 provided on the port member 180 contacts the inner surface of the centrifugal bowl main body 187, the port member 1
80 is prevented from being pulled out to the upper part, and the elastic bellows 191 is kept in a distorted state.
91 can press the carbon ring 192 against the ceramic ring 193, and minimizes air leakage on the sliding surface of the mechanical seal 195 (the contact surface between the carbon ring 192 and the ceramic ring 193).

On the other hand, when the centrifuge bowl 161 is mounted on the blood component separation device 150, the port member 180 is pushed down and fixed. Accordingly, the elastic bellows 191 can press the carbon ring 192 against the ceramic ring 193 with a stronger elastic force than the former, and the air leakage on the sliding surface of the mechanical seal 195 when the centrifugal bowl 161 rotates can be prevented. Minimally prevented.

The port member 180 is provided with a header shield 196 so as to cover the mechanical seal 195 so that the mechanical seal 195 is not exposed to the outside. In addition, the claw portion 196A of the header shield 196 is in contact with the top of the centrifugal bowl main body 187, so that the port member 180 is not pushed down too much.

Next, by the centrifugal bowl 161,
The principle of centrifugation of blood into platelet-poor plasma and non-platelet-poor plasma will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 14 is a diagram illustrating the principle of centrifugation. Spinning centrifuge bowl 161
Then, the blood sent to the inflow port 181 through the tube 160 is carried to the center of the bottom member 190 by the supply tube stem 184. Then, the centrifugal force acts on the blood by the rotation of the centrifugal bowl 161, and the blood flows into the bottom channel 2.
03 to the separation space 201. Further, when blood continues to be sent to the centrifugal bowl 161, the separation space 20
1. The space of the centrifugal bowl 161 such as the collection channel 204 and the collection space 202 is filled with blood (total volume 22).
5 ml).

At this time, a phase shown in FIG. 14 is formed in the separation space 201 due to a difference in specific gravity of blood components and centrifugal force.
Outside the separation space 201, a phase 211 of plasma (hereinafter, simply referred to as “red blood cells”) containing a large amount of red blood cells having the highest specific gravity among blood cells (specific gravity 1.093 to 1.096) is formed. Inside the red blood cell phase 211, there are white blood cells 213 having the second highest specific gravity next to the red blood cells, and further inside, there are platelets 212 having the second highest specific gravity next to the white blood cells (specific gravity 1.04).
0) exists.

Since the ratio of white blood cells 213 and platelets 212 in blood is extremely low, the thickness of the plasma phase containing a large amount of white blood cells 213 or platelets 212 is thinner than the thickness of red blood cell phase 211. The plasma phase 214 containing a large amount of white blood cells 213 and platelets 212 is often collectively referred to as "buffy coat". Inside the buffy coat phase 214, collection channel 2
04, over the collection space 202, the plasma (specific gravity 1.093
~ 1.096) phase 215 is formed.

However, the above-mentioned phases 211, 214, 215
Depends on the ratio of the anticoagulant 153 supplied to the blood (hereinafter referred to as “anticoagulant: blood” ratio), the centrifugal speed, and the like. Also, phases 211, 214, 21
The boundary of No. 5 is not clearly formed. For example, near the boundary in the phase 215 of the plasma, a region where the platelets 212 are mixed exists with a considerable width.

In order to form a phase as shown in FIG. 14 in the separation space 201, it is necessary to supply the anticoagulant 153 at a ratio of 1: 9 to 10 and set the centrifugal speed to 4800 rpm. In addition, in order to separate platelet-poor plasma and non-platelet-poor plasma, it is necessary to supply the anticoagulant 153 at a ratio of 1:16 and set the centrifugal speed to 5650 rpm. Then, the buffy coat phase 214 is contained in the plasma phase 211 containing a large amount of red blood cells, and the platelet 2 mixed in the plasma phase 215 is removed.
With less 12, the plasma phase 215 can be treated as platelet poor plasma.

When the blood is further supplied to the centrifugal bowl 161, the platelet-poor plasma of the plasma phase 215 stagnating above (inside) the separation space 201 is removed from the peripheral port 18.
2 and is collected in the plasma container 164. on the other hand,
The plasma phase 211 containing a large amount of red blood cells staying below (outside) the separation space 201 remains in the separation space 201 while gradually increasing in volume.

Thereafter, when the phase 211 of the plasma containing a large amount of red blood cells fills the separation space 201, the phase 211 (which is non-poor platelet plasma, hereinafter, referred to as "residual blood") is returned to the donor. (See FIG. 11). At the time of blood return, the rotation of the centrifugal bowl 161 is stopped, and the rotation of the blood pump 158 is reversed. At the same time, the rotation of the anticoagulant pump 154 is stopped, and the supply of the anticoagulant 153 is stopped. In the centrifugal bowl 161 whose rotation has been stopped, residual blood is stored toward the bottom. The residual blood is pumped by the blood pump 158,
It flows out of the inflow port 181, passes through the tubes 160 and 159, and flows into the bubble detection chamber 157. In the bubble detection chamber 157, the remaining blood is filtered, and it is confirmed that no bubbles are contained in the remaining blood. The confirmed residual blood is returned to the donor via the tube 156 and the blood collection needle 151.

As described above, the intermittent blood flow centrifugal blood component separator 150 intermittently separates blood components, thereby alternately repeating the blood collection and blood return operations six to eight times. By the way, as a blood component separation device using the principle of centrifugal separation, there is a continuous blood flow centrifugal type in addition to the intermittent blood flow centrifugal type. In the continuous blood flow centrifugal blood component separation device, two veins of the donor are secured,
Since blood collected from one vein is continuously separated into blood components and returned to the other vein, it is necessary to form a continuous flow of blood between the blood collection needle and the blood return needle. Mechanism and operation tend to be complicated. That is, the blood component separation device 150 of the intermittent blood flow centrifugal method has an advantage that the mechanism of the device is simpler and the operation is simpler than that of the continuous blood flow centrifugal method.

[0025]

However, the intermittent blood flow centrifugal blood component separation device 150 using the conventional centrifugal bowl 161 has the following problems. (1) Since blood is not returned to the donor at the time of blood collection (and separation and collection), of the blood returned, the blood collected from the donor at the earliest The time required to get out of the body and return to the donor's body (hereinafter referred to as “extracorporeal circulation time”) has been considerably long, placing a considerable burden on the returned blood (and, consequently, the donor). . From this point of view, it is desirable to use a continuous blood flow centrifugal type blood component separation device that simultaneously performs blood collection and blood return, but such a device has a complicated mechanism and operation, so the mechanism is simple and the operation is simple. In the intermittent blood flow centrifugal blood component separation device 150, there has been an awaited development of a technology capable of continuously separating blood components and simultaneously collecting and returning blood.

(2) The red blood cell phase 211 remaining below (outside) the separation space 201 gradually increases in volume in the separation space 201, and the plasma stays above (inside) the separation space 201. The platelet-poor plasma, which is the phase 215, is pushed out from the separation space 201 to the peripheral port 182, and the separated platelet-poor plasma is transferred to the plasma container 164.
For a donor who has a low hematocrit value (hereinafter referred to as “Ht value”), which is a ratio of red blood cells in the blood, the amount of blood collected from the donor necessary to separate and collect the blood ( In the following, "extracorporeal circulating blood volume") increased, and this put a considerable burden on donors with low body weight and low Ht value. Some recent devices can automatically control extracorporeal circulating blood volume by a program due to enhancement of donor safety measures, but the mechanism of the device becomes complicated, and the Ht value and weight of the donor are measured in advance. It was necessary to predict extracorporeal circulating blood volume, and it could not be said that safety management for blood donors was reliable.

(3) In order to seal the rotating centrifugal bowl 161, air leakage was prevented to a minimum by the mechanical seal 195. However, the mechanical seal 195 cannot completely prevent air leakage. It cannot be denied that bacteria may enter from the outside, and it may not be possible to detect from the appearance whether or not the mechanical seal 195 is defective. Therefore, safety management for blood donors and those who receive component blood transfusion is ensured. I couldn't say that.

The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a centrifugal bowl used in an intermittent blood flow centrifugal type blood component separation apparatus for continuously separating blood components. Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a centrifugal bowl in which the countermeasure against leakage of the rotary seal member is reduced by shortening the extracorporeal circulation time and reducing the extracorporeal blood volume, and by making the internal pressure of the centrifugal bowl higher than the external pressure. I do.

[0029]

In order to achieve this object, a centrifugal bowl according to the present invention is provided with an opening which is concentric with the axis of the centrifugal bowl main body at the top of a hollow centrifugal bowl main body that gradually narrows upward. The port member provided with the inflow port is loosely inserted into the centrifugal bowl main body from the opening and attached with a rotary seal member, thereby rotating the axis as a rotation axis while sealing the centrifugal bowl main body, Blood flowing from the inflow port flowing through the separation space into a separation space formed by a surface asymptotic to or parallel to the axis toward the upper side and the inner peripheral surface of the centrifugal bowl main body is subjected to centrifugal force in the separation space. A centrifugal bowl for separating blood components having different specific gravities by the centrifugal bowl, wherein the inflow port flows through the centrifugal bowl main body to the separation space. A first collection space that communicates with the separation space from below the position toward the axis, and a second collection space that is adjacent to the opening and communicates with the separation space from above the separation space toward the axis. To form
By providing the port member with a first outflow port communicating with the first collection space and a second outflow port communicating with the second collection space, the separation can be performed while the centrifugal bowl is rotating. The first blood component having a high specific gravity remaining on the lower side of the space is caused to flow out of the first outflow port through the first collection space, and the second blood component having a low specific gravity remaining on the upper side of the separation space is removed. And flowing out from the second outflow port through the second collection space.

When the third blood component having the second lowest specific gravity next to the second blood component is collected, the separation space and the second blood component are collected.
The third space communicates with the sampling space through a narrow channel in the direction of the axis, and communicates with the separation space from above the separation space toward the axis by a gap formed below the channel. By forming a collection space in the centrifuge bowl main body and providing the port member with a third outflow port communicating with the third collection space, the rotation of the centrifuge bowl allows the second blood component to be removed. Next, a third blood component having a low specific gravity is caused to flow into the third collection space from the gap and flow out from the third outflow port. In addition, by installing a core member inside the centrifugal bowl main body, the separation space, the first
A collection space, the second collection space, the third collection space, and the channel are formed, and the core member rotates integrally with the centrifugal bowl body.

Further, by providing a supply port through which the port member communicates with the second collection space, pressurized air is supplied from the supply port to the second collection space. Further, the rotary seal member is a mechanical seal.

In the centrifugal bowl of the present invention having such a configuration, the port member is mounted on the axis of the centrifugal bowl body via a rotary seal member. By fixing the port member to the blood component separation device, the centrifugal bowl can be rotated around the axis of the centrifugal bowl main body as a rotation axis, and the inflow and outflow of blood to and from the rotating centrifugal bowl can be stabilized. It can be carried out. When blood flows from the inflow port of the port member into the rotating centrifugal bowl, the blood moves by centrifugal force from the rotating shaft toward the inner peripheral surface of the centrifugal bowl main body, and is collected in a separation space that circulates with the inflow port. .

The blood collected in the separation space moves in the direction in which the centrifugal force acts (from the rotation axis to the inner peripheral surface of the centrifugal bowl body) in order of the specific gravity of the blood component (that is, the second blood component, the second blood component). (3 blood components, blood, and first blood component) form a phase parallel to the rotation axis in the separation space and stay there. However, the separation space of the centrifugal bowl according to the present invention is formed by the surface of the core member that is parallel or asymptotic to the upper side and the inner peripheral surface of the centrifugal bowl body that gradually narrows upward. Since it is formed, the separation space gradually approaches the rotation axis upward. Therefore, in the lower space of the separation space, the red blood cell, which is the first blood component having the heaviest specific gravity, stays farthest from the rotation axis. In the upper space of the separation space, the plasma, which is the second blood component having the lightest specific gravity, stays closest to the rotation axis.

Then, when blood is further introduced into the rotating centrifuge bowl from the inflow port, the red blood cells, which are the first blood components remaining on the lower side of the separation space, communicate with the first blood component from the lower side of the separation space. It is pushed into the sampling space. Since the separation space communicates with the first collection space below the position where the inflow port circulates into the separation space, of the blood that has flowed into the separation space from the inflow port, the second blood component, which has a lower specific gravity than red blood cells, which is the first blood component. (2) Plasma, which is a blood component, is not pushed out to the first collection space. The red blood cells, which are the first blood components, pushed into the first collection space flow out of the centrifugal bowl main body from the first outflow port flowing through the first collection space and are collected.

In addition, the plasma, which is the second blood component remaining on the upper side of the separation space, is extruded through a narrow channel into the second collection space communicating from the upper side of the separation space. Since the separation space communicates with the second collection space above the position where the inflow port circulates in the separation space, of the blood that has flowed into the separation space from the inflow port, the first heavier than the plasma that is the second blood component, the first blood component. Red blood cells, which are blood components, are not pushed out to the second collection space. The plasma, which is the second blood component extruded into the second collection space, flows out of the centrifugal bowl main body from the second outflow port flowing through the second collection space and is collected. Further, even when the separation space and the third collection space are in communication with each other through the gap formed below the channel, the second space that is directed to the second collection space through the channel is formed.
Plasma, which is a blood component, does not flow toward the third collection space from the gap below the channel due to the effect of centrifugal force.

When collecting the buffy coat, which is the third blood component, the first outflow port and the second outflow port are closed, and the blood remaining in the separation space is supplied to the outside of the centrifugal bowl body only from the third outflow port. To be able to spill. In such a state, when blood flows into the separation space from the inflow port, the plasma, which is the second blood component remaining on the upper side of the separation space, is pushed out to the channel communicating with the upper side of the separation space. Since the second outflow port is closed, there is a limit to the amount that can flow into the second collection space, and plasma, which is the second blood component that cannot flow into the second collection space, is placed under the channel. Third from the gap on the side
It flows into the sampling space. The plasma, which is the second blood component, that has flowed into the third collection space flows out of the centrifugal bowl body from the third outflow port that flows through the third collection space.

Thereafter, when blood further flows into the separation space from the inflow port, the buffy coat, which is the third blood component remaining in the separation space, is pushed out to the channel.
As a result of the centrifugal force acting, the buffy coat, which is a third blood component having a lower specific gravity than plasma, which is the second blood component, has already flowed into the second collection space located closer to the rotation axis than the channel. 2. It cannot flow in place of plasma, which is a blood component. Therefore, it flows into the third collection space from the gap below the channel. At this time, the buffy coat that forms a thin phase parallel to the rotation axis in the separation space is extruded into a narrow channel in the direction of the rotation axis (that is, the axis), and thus the buffy coat remains in the channel. Without this, it is possible to efficiently flow into the third collection space. The buffy coat, which is the third blood component that has flowed into the third collection space, flows out of the centrifugal bowl body from the third outflow port that flows through the third collection space, and is collected.

When the buffy coat, which is the third blood component, is flowing out of the third outflow port, the blood flows into the separation space from the inflow port. Certain plasma will also flow out of the third outflow port, along with the third blood component, buffy coat, while the second blood component, plasma, is a substrate of blood and is the third blood component. There is no problem because it is included in the buffy coat.

Further, the first collection space, the second collection space, the third
The sampling space is located at a position facing the axis from the separation space (ie,
The first blood component, the second blood component, and the third blood component separated in the separation space are provided in a direction opposite to the direction in which the centrifugal force acts. It is pushed out gradually toward. This is because the first blood component, the second blood component, and the third blood component are rapidly extruded from the separation space by, for example, centrifugal force or the like, and are formed in the separation space. Prevents the destruction of phase states such as blood components.

When the pressurized air is supplied from the supply port to the second collection space adjacent to the opening of the centrifugal bowl main body, the pressure inside the centrifugal bowl main body increases the pressure inside the centrifugal bowl main body. Higher than pressure. Therefore, when the sealing performance of the rotary seal member sealing the (opening) of the centrifugal bowl main body becomes poor, the leakage in the rotary seal member flows out from the inside of the centrifugal bowl main body to the outside. Prevents air from entering the bowl body from outside.

[0041]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, centrifugal bowls 1A and 1B according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 and 3 show such a blood component separation device 5.
0 shows the structure of the centrifuge bowls 1A and 1B used at 0. still,
The appearance of the centrifugal bowls 1A, 1B is the port members 5A, 5B
, Except for the number of ports provided in the conventional centrifugal bowl 161 (see FIG. 12).

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the structure of a centrifugal bowl 1A having three ports 4, 14, 15. An opening 3 that is concentric with the axis P1 of the centrifugal bowl main body 2 is provided at the top of the hollow centrifugal bowl main body 2 that gradually narrows upward. A port member 5A provided with the inflow port 4 is loosely inserted into the inside of the centrifugal bowl main body 2 from the opening 3, and is attached by a mechanical seal 9 which is a rotary seal member. Mechanical seal 9
Is composed of an elastic bellows 5, a carbon ring 6, a ceramic ring 7, a holding ring 8, and the like. The axis P1 is a rotation axis while the centrifugal bowl main body 2 is sealed (hereinafter, the symbol P1 is also used for the "rotation axis"). Can be rotated as Note that the rotation direction may be either direction, but for convenience of explanation, the direction is indicated by an arrow Q1.

The port member 5A is provided with a header shield 10 so as to cover the mechanical seal 9, so that the mechanical seal 9 is not exposed to the outside.
Further, when the claw portion 11 of the header shield 10 comes into contact with the top of the centrifugal bowl main body 1A, the port member 5 is formed.
A does not push down too much.

The blood 100 (FIG. 6,
7, 8, 9 and 10), a first outflow port 14 and a second outflow port 15 are provided in addition to the inflow port 4 to which the air is sent. The inside of the port member 5A has a triple pipe structure, the inflow port 4 has an outflow port 16, the first outflow port 15 has a first sampling inflow port 17, and the second outflow port 1 has
Numeral 4 communicates with the second sampling inlet 18.
The outlet 16 is a cut end of the pipe, but the first sampling inlet 1
7 and the second sampling inlet 18 are circular skirts.

In the interior of the centrifugal bowl main body 2, the outer peripheral surface of the core member 12 A (having a so-called frustoconical shape) asymptotic to the axis P 1 and the upper side and the inner peripheral surface of the centrifugal bowl main body 2 are defined. The separation space 51 is annularly formed between them. The top of the core member 12A and the centrifugal bowl main body 2
A second collection space 52 is formed between the second collection space 52 and the opening 3. Further, the claw portion 13 of the core member 12A abuts on the inner surface of the centrifugal bowl main body 2, so that a narrow channel 61 is formed in a ring shape in the direction of the axis P1. The channel 61 allows the second collection space 52 to be separated from the separation space 51.
From the upper side in the direction of the axis P1.

Further, a first sampling space 53 is formed in an upper portion inside the core member 12A, and a disc-shaped bottom channel 62 is formed in a bottom portion. Also, the core member 12
A has a first sampling space 53 from the top to the bottom.
Through the opening to reach the bottom channel 62,
The port member 5A is provided for loose insertion of the port member 5A.
Is interposed at the center upper portion of the bottom channel 62.
At the same time, the first sampling inlet 17 is interposed in the first sampling space 53, and the second sampling inlet 18 is interposed in the second sampling space 52. As a result, the first outflow port 15 flows through the first collection space 53 via the first collection inflow port 17, and the second
Outflow port 14 can communicate with second collection space 52 via second collection inlet 18.

A slit 63 is formed in a circular shape at a position where the outer peripheral surface of the core member 12A is connected to the bottom channel 62. Thereby, the inflow port 4 is connected to the outlet 16, the bottom channel 62, and the slit 63 through the outlet 16.
It can circulate with the separation space 51. Although the outer peripheral surface of the core member 12A is vertically divided by the slit 63, the core member 12A is held by an internal channel 64 or the like formed inside the outer peripheral surface along the vertical direction.

Here, the centrifugal bowl main body 2 was cut (horizontal) at the bottom channel 62 (cutting line ABC).
Referring to FIG. 2 which is a cross-sectional view, the structure near the slit 63 will be described. Four tubular internal channels 64 penetrate the disc-shaped bottom channel 62, and the internal channels 64 correspond to the outer periphery of the core member 12A. By being formed along the inside of the surface, the outer peripheral surface of the core member 12 </ b> A divided vertically by the slit 63 is held. In addition, slit 6
3 may be provided intermittently to prevent the outer peripheral surface of the core member 12A from being vertically divided.

The internal channel 64 communicates with the separation space 51 on the lower side and the first collection space 53 on the upper side.
Thereby, the first sampling space 53 can communicate with the separation space 51 from the lower side of the separation space 51 toward the direction of the axis P1. Core member 12A forming each space such as separation space 51 and each channel such as channel 61
The bottom member 20 is fixed inside the centrifugal bowl main body 2 by being fixed to the centrifugal bowl main body 2, and rotates integrally with the centrifugal bowl main body 2.

Here, regarding the flow to the blood 100 in the centrifuge bowl 1A having three ports 4, 14, and 15,
A brief description will be given. The blood 100 that has flowed into the inflow port 4 flows out of the outflow port 16 and is carried to the center of the bottom channel 62. The blood 100 conveyed to the center of the bottom channel 62 is subjected to centrifugal force to cause the bottom channel 6 to flow.
2 and move to the separation space 51 via the slit 63 (see FIG. 2).

The blood 100 that has moved to the separation space 51
Flows out of the centrifugal bowl 1A through two routes. One route is a route that flows from the lower side of the separation space 51 to the outside of the centrifugal bowl 1A from the first outflow port 14 through the internal channel 64, the first collection space 53, and the first collection port 17. The other route is a channel 61, a second collection space 52, and a second collection port 18 from above the separation space 51, from the second outflow port 15 to the centrifugal bowl 1.
A route that flows out of A. The description of the blood component separation performed continuously in the separation space 51 will be described later.

Next, the four ports 4, 14, 15, 21
The structure of the centrifugal bowl 1B having B will be described.
For the structure of the centrifuge bowl 1B that is common to the above-described centrifuge bowl 1A, the description of the structure of the centrifuge bowl 1A will be referred to, and the structure different from the centrifuge bowl 1A will be described below. FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing the structure of the centrifugal bowl 1B. Port member 5
B is provided with a third outflow port 21B. The inside of the port member 5B has a quadruple tube structure, and the third outflow port 21B communicates with the third sampling inlet 22B. The third sampling inlet 22B has a circular skirt shape.

A third sampling space 54B is formed in an upper portion inside the core member 12B.
B has a third collection space 54 from the top to the bottom.
A loose insertion port 19 which penetrates through the first collection space 53 and reaches the bottom channel 62 is provided for loosely inserting the port member 5B, and the port member 5B is loosely inserted from the opening 3 into the loose insertion port 19. As a result, the third sampling inlet 22B is interposed in the third sampling space 54B. This allows the third outflow port 21B to circulate with the third sampling space 54B via the third sampling inflow port 22B. Further, a gap 65B is provided intermittently below the channel 61, and the third collection space 5 is formed by the channel 61 and the gap 65B.
4B can communicate with the separation space 51 from above the separation space 51 in the direction of the axis P1.

With respect to the flow of the blood 100 in the centrifuge bowl 1B having four ports 4, 14, 15, and 21B, in addition to the two routes of the centrifuge bowl 1A described above,
From the upper side of the separation space 51, the channel 61, the gap 65B,
The third collection space 54B, the third collection port 22B, the third
There is a route that flows out of the centrifugal bowl 1B from the outflow port 21B.

Next, the blood component separation of the blood component separator 50 using the centrifugal bowl 1B will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 5 shows a flow diagram of the blood component separation device 50 in the two-arm method.

The blood 100 just collected from the vein of one arm 70R of the donor via the blood collection needle 120R is subjected to anticoagulation as soon as it leaves the blood collection needle 120R. The anticoagulant treatment is performed using the anticoagulant 1 contained in the anticoagulant container 110.
The anticoagulant container 11 is passed through the sterilization filter 39 by the rotation of the roller type anticoagulant pump 71.
This is performed by supplying the blood to the blood collection needle 120R while passing through the tube 80 connected to the tube 0 and being monitored by the pressure monitor 40. The blood 100 subjected to the anticoagulation process flows into the bottom of the bubble detection chamber 41 through the tube 81 due to the venous pressure.

The blood 1 filling the bubble detection chamber 41
00 is passed through the pipes 82 and 83 by the rotation of the roller type supply pump 72, and the blood 1 is detected by the air sensor 42.
It is sent to the inflow port 4 of the centrifugal bowl 1B while confirming that no air bubbles are contained in 00. The centrifugal bowl 1B to which the blood 100 has been sent is rotated by a motor (not shown). By this rotation, the blood 10 in the centrifuge bowl 1B is
0 is centrifuged and the first blood component, red blood cells 101
Then, it is separated into the plasma 102 as the second blood component and the blood component of the buffy coat 103 as the third blood component (see FIGS. 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10). Below, centrifuge bowl 1B
The principle by which each blood component of blood 100 is separated and collected will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 6 shows the blood 100 collected from the donor.
1 shows a flow chart of the blood component separation device 50 when red blood cells 101 as a first blood component and plasma 102 as a second blood component are collected. When collecting the red blood cells 101 and the plasma 102, the valves 30 (see FIG. 5), 35, 36
Are open and the valves 31, 32, 33, 34, 37,
38 is closed. Note that the valves 30 to 38 used in the blood component separation device 50 are so-called pinch valves,
The valves 30 to 38 are opened and closed by clamping the elastic tubes 81 to 97.

The blood 100 flowing from the inflow port 4 into the rotating centrifugal bowl 1B passes through the bottom channel 62 and the slit 63 by centrifugal force acting from the rotation axis P1 toward the inner peripheral surface of the centrifugal bowl main body 2. And collected in the separation space 51. The blood 100 collected in the separation space 51 moves in the direction in which the centrifugal force acts (from the rotation axis P1 to the inner peripheral surface of the centrifugal bowl main body 2) in order of lighter specific gravity of the blood component (that is, the second blood component). Certain plasma 102, buffy coat 103 as a third blood component, blood 100, first blood component
A phase parallel to the rotation axis P1 is formed in the separation space 51 and stays in the red blood cells 101) that are blood components. Since the separation space 51 of the centrifugal bowl 1B according to the present invention gradually approaches the rotation axis P1 upward, the red blood cells 101 as the first blood component having the heaviest specific gravity stay below the separation space 51. . Further, the plasma 102 as the second blood component having the lightest specific gravity stays above the separation space 51.

When the blood 100 further flows into the rotating centrifugal bowl 1 B from the inflow port 4, the red blood cells 1, which are the first blood components remaining below the separation space 51,
01 is pushed out through the internal channel 63 into the first collection space 53 communicating from the lower side of the separation space 51. Since the position where the first collection space 53 communicates with the separation space 51 is below the slit 63 through which the blood 100 flows into the separation space 51, the first blood component of the blood 100 flowing into the separation space 51 from the inflow port 4. The plasma 102, which is a second blood component having a lower specific gravity than the red blood cells 101, is not pushed out into the first collection space 53. First sampling space 53
The red blood cells 101, which are the first blood components extruded, flow out of the first outflow port 15 through the first collection port 17,
Through the tube 86, it is collected in the red blood cell container 113 monitored by the scale 45.

When returning the red blood cells 101 as the first blood component, the measuring device 45 confirms that a certain amount of the red blood cells 101 as the first blood component has been collected in the red blood cell container 113, and then the valve 37 is returned. Is opened and the roller-type blood return pump 73 is rotated to return blood to the same donor. The red blood cells 101, which are the first blood components collected in the red blood cell container 113, pass through the tubes 88, 90, 91, and 92 and enter the bubble detection chamber 48 while being confirmed by the air sensor 47 that they do not contain bubbles. And the other arm 70L of the same donor via the tube 93 and the blood collection needle 120L.
Blood returned to the veins In this manner, blood can be returned simultaneously with collecting (collecting) red blood cells 101 as the first blood component, thereby shortening the time required for blood component separation.

Further, the second stagnation above the separation space 51
Plasma 102 as a blood component is extruded through a narrow channel 61 into a second collection space 52 communicating from above the separation space 51. Since the position where the second collection space 52 communicates with the separation space 51 is above the slit 63 where the blood 100 flows into the separation space 51, the second blood component of the blood 100 flowing into the separation space 51 from the inflow port 4 is used. The red blood cells 101 and the like, which are the first blood components having a higher specific gravity than certain plasma 102, are not pushed out into the second collection space 52. In addition, the centrifugal force acts to cause the plasma 102 as the second blood component to flow through the gap 65 below the channel 61.
It does not go to the third collection space 54B via B.
The plasma 102 as the second blood component pushed out to the second collection space 52 passes through the second collection port 18 to the second outflow port 1.
4 and is collected through tube 85 into a plasma container 114 monitored by the scale 46.

When returning the plasma 102 as the second blood component, the measuring device 46 confirms that the plasma 102 as the second blood component has collected a certain amount in the plasma container 114, and then returns to the valve 38. Is opened and the roller-type blood return pump 73 is rotated to return blood to the same donor.
The plasma 102, which is the second blood component collected in the plasma container 114, passes through the tubes 89, 90, 91, and 92, and enters the bubble detection chamber 48 while confirming that no air bubbles are contained by the air sensor 47. Inflow, tube 93 and blood collection needle 120
Through L, the blood is returned to the vein of the other arm 70L of the same donor. Thus, the plasma 1 as the second blood component
Blood can be returned simultaneously with collection (blood collection) of 02, thereby shortening the time required for blood component separation.

The positions of the phases of the buffy coat 103 formed in the separation space 51 are adjusted by monitoring with the liquid layer optical sensors 49A and 49B. Inflow is prevented, and continuous blood component separation is ensured. Specifically, when the liquid layer optical sensor 49A detects the buffy coat 103, the valves 34, 3
By opening the blood pumps 6 and 38 and rotating the blood return pump 73, the plasma 102 collected in the plasma container 114 is removed.
Of blood 10 flowing into the inflow port 4 of the centrifugal bowl 1B.
0, and flow into the centrifugal bowl 1B again. At the same time, the blood 1 flowing into the inflow port 4 of the centrifugal bowl 1B
The rotation of the supply pump 72 may be reduced in order to keep the amount of 00 constant. Thereby, the blood 10 flowing into the inflow port 4 of the centrifugal bowl 1B is compared with before the liquid layer optical sensor 49A detects the buffy coat 103.
0, the ratio of the red blood cells 101 occupied is reduced, and the amount of the red blood cells 101 flowing out of the first outflow port 15 is larger than the red blood cells 101 separated in the separation space 51,
The position of the phase of the red blood cells 101 moves to the lower side of the separation space 51, and accordingly, the position of the phase of the buffy coat 103 also moves to the lower side of the separation space 51. This state is maintained until the liquid layer optical sensor 49B detects the buffy coat 103, and the liquid layer optical sensor 49B
Is detected, the valves 34, 36, and 38 are closed, and the rotation of the blood return pump 73 is stopped. At the same time, the rotation of the supply pump 72 is returned to the normal rotation, and the state of normal blood component separation is returned. Return to

Next, the separation and collection of the buffy coat 103 as the third blood component will be described. FIG. 7 shows a blood component separation device 5 when a buffy coat 103 as a third blood component is collected from blood 100 collected from a blood donor.
0 shows a flow diagram. When collecting the buffy coat 103 as the third blood component, after the liquid layer optical sensor 49A detects the buffy coat 103, the valve 33 of the closed valves is opened, and the valves 35 and 36 of the open valves are opened. , 37 and 38 are closed.

Then, the blood 100 is further supplied to the inflow port 4.
When flowing into the centrifugal bowl 1B rotating from above, the plasma 10 which is the second blood component staying above the separation space 51
2 is pushed out to a channel 61 communicating with the upper side of the separation space 51. Since the valve 36 is closed and cannot flow out of the second outflow port 14, the amount that can flow into the second collection space 52 is limited.
The plasma 102, which is the second blood component that cannot flow into the collection space 52, passes through the gap 6 below the channel 61.
5B flows into the third collection space 54B. The plasma 102 as the second blood component that has flowed into the third collection space 54B flows out of the third outflow port 21B through the third collection port 22B, passes through the pipe 84, and is collected in the buffy coat container 112. .

Thereafter, when the blood 100 further flows into the separation space 51 from the inflow port 4, the buffy coat 103, which is the third blood component remaining in the separation space 51, is pushed out to the channel 61, but is the second blood component. Plasma 1
The buffy coat 103, which is a third blood component having a specific gravity greater than that of the second blood sample 02, has already flowed into the second collection space 102 closer to the rotation axis P1 than the channel 61 due to the centrifugal force. Plasma 1 as a component
02 and cannot flow into the third collection space 54B from the gap 65B below the channel 61.

When staying in the separation space 51, the buffy coat 103 (see FIG. 6), which has formed a thin phase parallel to the rotation axis P1, is transferred to the channel 61 narrow in the direction of the rotation axis P1. Since it is extruded, the buffy coat 103 can efficiently flow into the third collection space 54B without remaining in the channel 61. The buffy coat 103, which is the third blood component flowing into the third collection space 54B, flows out of the third outflow port 21B through the third collection port 22B, passes through the pipe 84, and is collected in the buffy coat container 112. You.

The buffy coat 103 as the third blood component
Is finished by the color sensor 43 monitoring the buffy coat 103 passing through the tube 84. When most of the buffy coat 103 separated inside the centrifugal bowl body 2 is collected in the buffy coat container 112,
The collection space 54B is occupied by the blood 100, and a part of the blood 100 mixes with the buffy coat 103, passes through the tube 84, and enters the buffy coat container 112.
Start moving towards. When the color sensor 43 detects this, the valve 33 is closed and the buffy coat 103 is closed.
End sampling. The cross section of the centrifugal bowl 1B when the collection of the buffy coat 103 is completed is the same as that shown in FIG. 8 described later.

The third blood component, buffy coat 1
Before 03 is collected in the buffy coat container 112, the plasma 102 as the second blood component is collected in the buffy coat container 112, and the buffy coat 103 as the third blood component is transferred to the third outflow port 21B. When the blood 10 flows from the inflow port 4, the blood 10
0, the plasma 102 which is the second blood component of the blood 100 is also discharged from the third outflow port 21B together with the buffy coat 103 which is the third blood component, and the buffy coat container 112 Plasma 102, which is the second blood component,
Buffy coat 1 which is a substrate of the third blood component
03 (plasma 10 containing leukocytes 103A and platelets 103B)
There is no problem because it is naturally included in 2).

A first collection space 53 from which red blood cells 101 as a first blood component are extruded, a second collection space 52 from which plasma 102 as a second blood component is extruded, and a buffy coat 103 as a third blood component are extruded. The third sampling space 54B is separated from the separation space 51 by a rotation axis (that is, an axis).
Since the red blood cells 101, the plasma 102, and the buffy coat 103 separated in the separation space 51 are opposed to the centrifugal force because they are provided at the position facing P1, they are gradually pushed out. This allows blood 100,
Red blood cells 101, plasma 102, buffy coat 103,
It is suddenly pushed out of the separation space 51 by centrifugal force,
Blood 100, red blood cells 101 formed in the separation space 51,
It is possible to prevent the phases of the plasma 102 and the buffy coat 103 from being destroyed.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the blood 100 collected from the donor is separated into red blood cells 101 as the first blood component by using the centrifugal bowl 1B having four ports 4, 14, 15, and 21B. Plasma 10 as second blood component
2 and the blood component was separated into the buffy coat 103 as the third blood component. However, when the centrifugal bowl 1A having the three ports 4, 14, and 15 was used, the same as when the centrifugal bowl 1B was used. And blood 10 collected from the donor
0 can be collected in the red blood cell container 113 as the first blood component and in the plasma container 114 as the plasma 102 as the second blood component.

Next, the blood component separation device 5 in the one-arm method
The flow of 0 will be described. The major difference from the above-described two-arm method is that only one arm 70R of the blood donor is restricted, and the blood return method described below. FIG. 8 shows a flowchart of the blood component separation device 50 when the red blood cells 101 as the first blood component are returned to the donor. The cross section of the centrifugal bowl 1B shown in FIG. 8 is obtained when the collection of the buffy coat 103 as the third blood component is completed. In the case of the one-arm method, the pipes 92 and 93, the air sensor 47,
The bubble detection chamber 48 and the blood return needle 120L are removed from the blood component separation device 50.

In the same manner as in the two-arm method, red blood cells 101 as the first blood component are placed in a red blood cell container 113, plasma 102 as a second blood component is placed in a plasma container 114, and buffy coat 103 as a third blood component. To buffy coat container 11
2. After each sample is collected, blood is returned according to the following procedure.

When returning the red blood cells 101 as the first blood component, the valves 30, 32, 35 and 37 are opened and the valves 31, 33, 36 and 38 are closed. Then, the supply pump 72 is stopped and the blood return pump 73 is rotated, and the red blood cells 10 collected in the red blood cell container 113 are rotated.
1 is returned to the same donor. Such red blood cells 101
The air sensor 4 is connected via pipes 88, 91, 94, 96.
The blood flows into the air bubble detection chamber 41 while confirming that no air bubbles are contained by 2, and is returned to the vein of the same donor's arm 70R via the tube 81 and the blood collection needle 120R. In this manner, blood can be returned without stopping rotation of the centrifugal bowl 1B, and thus the time required for blood component separation can be reduced.

When returning the blood plasma 102 as the second blood component, the valves 30, 32, 36 and 38 are opened,
The valves 31, 33, 35, 37 are closed. And
The supply pump 72 is stopped and the blood return pump 73
Is rotated to remove the plasma 10 collected in the plasma container 114.
2 is returned to the same donor. The blood plasma 102 is returned to the vein of the same donor arm 70R in the same manner as the red blood cells 101, and the blood can be returned without stopping the rotation of the centrifugal bowl 1B. Can be shortened.

When returning the red blood cells 101 and the like remaining inside the centrifugal bowl main body 2, the physiological saline 10
6 flows into the centrifugal bowl main body 2. FIG. 9 shows a flow diagram of the blood component separation device 50 when the red blood cells 101 remaining inside the centrifugal bowl main body 2 are returned to the blood donor. In such a case, the valve 3
Open 1, 35 and open valves 30, 32, 33, 34, 3
6, 37 and 38 are closed. And the supply pump 7
By the rotation of 2, the physiological saline 106 of the physiological saline container 111 flows from the inflow port 4 into the rotating centrifuge bowl 1B. The physiological saline 106 flowing into the centrifuge bowl 1B is collected in the separation space 51 through the bottom channel 62 and the slit 63 by centrifugal force acting from the rotation axis P1 toward the inner peripheral surface of the centrifuge bowl main body 2. .

When the physiological saline 106 flows into the rotating centrifuge bowl 1 B from the inflow port 4, the red blood cells 101, which are the first blood component remaining below the separation space 51, fall below the separation space 51. The first communicating from the side
It is extruded into the collection space 53 via the internal channel 63. Further, since the specific gravity of the physiological saline 106 is the lightest in comparison with each blood component, the separation space 51, the second collection space 5
2. Blood 1 staying in third collection space 54B
The blood 100 and the like can be replaced with the blood plasma 102, and are pushed out through the internal channel 63 into the first collection space 53 communicating from the lower side of the separation space 51. The red blood cells 101 and the like extruded into the first collection space 53 flow out of the first outflow port 15 through the first collection port 17, pass through the tube 86, and are collected in the red blood cell container 113 monitored by the measuring device 45. Is done. In this manner, the blood collected in the red blood cell container 113 is returned to the vein of the same blood donor arm 70R as in the case of returning the red blood cells 101 as the first blood component.

Next, a centrifugal bowl 1A that prevents air from entering the inside from the outside of the centrifugal bowl main body 2 will be described. FIG. 4 shows the structure of the centrifugal bowl 1A and a part of the flow of the blood component separation device 50. A supply port 140 is provided in the port member 5A of the centrifugal bowl 1A shown in FIG. 1, and the inside of the port member 5A has a quadruple tube structure, and the supply port 140 communicates with the supply port 141. . Further, the supply port 140 can circulate through the supply port 141 with the second collection space 52.

A pressurized cylinder 133 filled with pressurized and sterilized air (hereinafter referred to as “pressurized sterilized air”) is connected to the supply port 140 via a pipe 130. The pipe 130 is provided with a pressure control valve 131, which adjusts the pressurized pressure of the pressurized sterilized air to 20 mmHg (maximum 120 mmHg) based on the pressure sensor 132, and stores the pressurized sterilized air inside the centrifugal bowl body 2. Can be supplied. When the pressurized sterilized air supplied from the supply port 140 flows into the second collection space 52 adjacent to the opening 3 of the centrifugal bowl main body 2, the pressure inside the centrifugal bowl main body 2 is increased by the pressure outside the centrifugal bowl main body 2. If the mechanical seal 9 seals the opening 3 of the centrifugal bowl main body 2 and becomes poor in performance, the leakage at the sliding surface of the mechanical seal 9 causes the leakage from the inside of the centrifugal bowl main body 2 to the outside. As a result, air can be prevented from entering the inside of the centrifugal bowl main body 2 from the outside.

In the above embodiment, a supply port 140 and a supply port 141 are provided for the centrifugal bowl 1A having three ports 4, 14, and 15 to take measures against leakage of the mechanical seal 9. There are four ports 4, 1
The supply port 140 and the supply port 141 are also provided for the centrifugal bowl 1B having 4, 15, 21B, so that the inside of the port member 5B has a quintuple structure, and the supply port 140 is connected via the supply port 141. If it is made possible to circulate through the second collection space 52, leakage of the mechanical seal 9 can be similarly prevented.

As described above in detail, according to the blood component separation device 50 using the centrifugal bowls 1A and 1B according to the present embodiment, the blood 100 collected from the donor is supplied from the inflow port 4 to the centrifugal bowl 1A, 1B, the blood 100 is centrifuged into the red blood cells 101, the plasma 102, and the buffy coat 103 in the separation space 51 by the action of the centrifugal separation of the rotating centrifugal bowls 1A and 1B. 1B, the red blood cells 10 staying below the separation space 51
1 flows out of the centrifugal bowls 1 </ b> A and 1 </ b> B from the first outflow port 14 from below the separation space 51 through the first collection space 53 and the like, and the plasma 102 stagnates above the separation space 51. , A channel 61 from the upper side of the separation space 51,
The buffy coat 103 flowing out of the centrifugal bowls 1A and 1B from the second outflow port 15 via the second collection space 52 and the like and remaining in the separation space 51 is separated from the separation space 5
1 flows from the third outflow port 21B to the outside of the centrifugal bowl 1B through the channel 61, the gap 65B, the third sampling space 54B, and the like from the upper side of the centrifugal bowl 1A, 1B.
Without stopping the rotation of the red blood cells 101, the plasma 102, and the buffy coat 103 separated into each blood component from the blood 100 in the separation space 51,
For the collected red blood cells 101 or plasma 102,
Since blood can be returned to the same donor even when the centrifuge bowls 1A and 1B are rotating, blood collection and blood return can be performed at the same time, and thus extracorporeal circulation time can be shortened. Since the red blood cells 101 and the plasma 102 separated from the blood 100 from the blood 100 continuously flow out of the centrifuge bowls 1A and 1B, the red blood cells 101 do not accumulate in the separation space 51. The capacity of the separation space 51 required for separation is
The centrifugal bowls 1A and 1B can be reduced from 5 ml to 100 ml or less, and can reduce the amount of extracorporeal blood circulation.

Further, pressurized sterilizing air is supplied to the supply port 140 provided in the port members 5A and 5B to make the internal pressure of the centrifugal bowls 1A and 1B higher than the external pressure, so that the mechanical seal as a rotary seal member is provided. 9 can provide the centrifugal bowls 1A and 1B in which leakage countermeasures are taken.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and various changes can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. For example, if the plasma 102 flowing out of the second outflow port 15 can be flown into the centrifugal bowls 1A and 1B again to form a circulating flow of the plasma 102,
Utilizing the so-called surge effect, the plasma 102 containing less white blood cells 103A and containing more platelets 103B (hereinafter, referred to as “high-purity platelet concentrate”) can flow out from the second outflow port 15, and By using the centrifugal bowls 1A and 1B according to the present invention, a high-purity platelet concentrate can be collected.

Further, the first outflow port 15 and the third outflow port 21B are closed, and the blood 100 is introduced into the inflow port 4 to separate blood components. When the predetermined amount of red blood cells 101 stays in the separation space 51 without being pushed out into the separation space 51 without being pushed out into the first collection space 53, the inflow of the blood 100 into the inflow port 4 is stopped and the first outflow port is stopped. By flowing physiological saline into the separation space 15 and supplying physiological saline to the separation space 51 from the lower side of the separation space 51, the red blood cells 10 staying in the separation space 51 are
1 to allow free hemoglobin present in the separation space 51 and heparin contained in the anticoagulant to flow out of the second outflow port 14 together with the physiological saline, and then the second outflow Red blood cells 101 (hereinafter, referred to as “concentrated washed red blood cell solution”) from which free hemoglobin and heparin have been washed out by sending air from the port 14.
) Can be discharged from the first outflow port 15, so that the concentrated and washed erythrocyte liquid can be collected by the centrifugal bowls 1A and 1B according to the present invention.

[0086]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the blood component separation apparatus using the centrifugal bowls 1A and 1B of the present invention, blood collected from a donor is introduced into the centrifuge bowl from the inflow port. When the blood flows in, the blood is centrifuged in the separation space into red blood cells, plasma and buffy coat by the action of the centrifugal separation of the rotating centrifuge bowl. Red blood cells flowing out of the centrifugal bowl from the first outflow port through the first collection space and the like from below the separation space via the first collection space, and plasma staying above the separation space is channeled from above the separation space. , Through the second sampling space, etc.
Spill out of the centrifuge bowl through the spill port (and
The buffy coat staying in the separation space is positioned above the separation space via a channel, a gap, a third collection space, and the like.
Flow out of the centrifuge bowl from the outflow port), so that red blood cells and plasma buffy coat separated from blood into each blood component in the separation space can be collected without stopping rotation of the centrifuge bowl. Since red blood cells or plasma can be returned to the same donor even when the centrifuge bowl is rotating, it is possible to perform blood collection and blood return simultaneously, thereby shortening the extracorporeal circulation time. Also, red blood cells and blood plasma separated from blood are continuously discharged outside the centrifuge bowl, so that red blood cells do not accumulate in the separation space. The volume of the separation space can be reduced from the conventional 225 ml to 100 ml or less, so that the extracorporeal circulating blood volume can be reduced. It is possible to provide a bowl.

Further, by supplying pressurized sterilized air to a supply port provided in the port member to make the internal pressure of the centrifugal bowl higher than the external pressure, the centrifugal countermeasures against leakage of the mechanical seal as the rotary seal member are taken. A bowl can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a structure of a centrifugal bowl having three ports.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the centrifugal bowl main body cut along a bottom channel.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a structure of a centrifugal bowl having four ports.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a structure of a centrifugal bowl in which a measure against leakage of a mechanical seal is taken, and a part of a flow of a blood component separation device.

FIG. 5 shows a flowchart of the blood component separation device in the double-arm method.

FIG. 6 shows a flow diagram of the blood component separation device when red blood cells and plasma are collected in the two-arm method.

FIG. 7 shows a flow diagram of the blood component separation device when a buffy coat is collected in the two-arm method.

FIG. 8 is a flow chart of the blood component separation device when red blood cells are returned in the one-arm method.

FIG. 9 is a flow chart of the blood component separation device when returning red blood cells and the like remaining in the one-arm method.

FIG. 10 is a flow chart of blood collection and separation and collection when separating and collecting platelet poor plasma in a blood component separation apparatus using a conventional centrifugal bowl.

FIG. 11 is a flow chart at the time of blood return when separating and collecting platelet-poor plasma in a blood component separator using a conventional centrifugal bowl.

FIG. 12 is an external view of a centrifugal bowl.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a conventional centrifugal bowl.

FIG. 14 is a principle diagram of centrifugal separation in a conventional centrifugal bowl.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1A, 1B Centrifugal bowl 2 Centrifugal bowl main body 3 Opening 4 Inflow port 5A, 5B Port member 9 Mechanical seal 12A, 12B Core member 14 Second outflow port 15 First outflow port 21B Third outflow port 50 Blood component separation device 51 Separation space 53 first collection space 52 second collection space 54B third collection space 61 channel 65B gap 100 blood 101 red blood cell 102 plasma 103 buffy coat 140 supply port P1 axis of centrifugal bowl body

Claims (4)

[Claims] An opening which is concentric with the axis of the centrifugal bowl main body is provided at the top of a hollow centrifugal bowl main body which gradually narrows upward, and a port member provided with an inflow port is moved from the opening to the centrifugal bowl main body. By loosely inserting into the main body and attaching with a rotary seal member, the centrifugal bowl main body is rotated around the axis while rotating, while being sealed,
In a separation space formed by a surface parallel to the axis or asymptotic to the upper side and an inner peripheral surface of the centrifugal bowl body,
In a centrifugal bowl that separates blood flowing from the inflow port flowing through the separation space into blood components having different specific gravities by centrifugal force in the separation space, the inflow port flows through the centrifuge bowl body through the separation space. A first collection space that communicates with the separation space from below the position toward the axis, and a second collection space that is adjacent to the opening and communicates with the separation space from above the separation space toward the axis. By forming a first outflow port communicating with the first collection space and a second outflow port communicating with the second collection space in the port member, while the centrifugal bowl is being rotated. The first blood component having a high specific gravity and staying below the separation space flows out of the first outflow port through the first collection space, Centrifuge bowl, characterized in that the lighter second blood component specific gravity staying on the side, to flow out from the second outlet port via the second collection space. 2. The centrifugal bowl according to claim 1, wherein a core member is provided inside the centrifugal bowl main body,
A centrifugal bowl forming the separation space, the first collection space, and the second collection space, wherein the core member rotates integrally with the centrifugal bowl main body. 3. The centrifugal bowl according to claim 1, wherein a supply port that communicates with the second collection space is provided in the port member, so that pressurized air is supplied from the supply port to the second collection space. A centrifugal bowl characterized by being supplied. 4. The centrifugal bowl according to claim 3, wherein the rotary seal member is a mechanical seal.