JP2000100078A - Information storage medium, and methods of recording and reproducing information - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make it possible to perform recording stably and successively without being influenced by it even if there are many defective areas on an information storage medium, and to permit to stably manage video information without loading a picture reproducing application soft layer. SOLUTION: A 1st area in which a user can write and an area substituting for a defective area on an information recording medium are arranged, and the above 1st area is provided with 1st addresses designating the addresses in the area and also contains at least one defective area and one substitution area, and further the above addresses are also given to above one defective area and one substitution area at least.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an information recording method for continuously recording information such as video information and / or audio information on an information information storage medium without any logical interruption, and to enable the recording. And an information recording / reproducing apparatus.
The present invention also includes contents related to an information storage medium having a data structure for enabling information recorded based on the recording method to be continuously reproduced.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As an information storage medium on which video information or audio information is recorded, an LD (laser disk) or a DV is used.
There is a D video disc. However, the above-mentioned information storage medium is read-only, and there is no defective area on the information storage medium. D as a medium for recording computer information
VD-RAM disks exist. This medium can be additionally recorded, and an alternative processing method for a defective area generated on the information storage medium has been established.

As a method of replacing a defective area when computer information is recorded on a RAM disk, there is a method called linear replacement processing.

In this process, when there is a defective area, an alternative area in a spare area (Spare Area) secured in another area physically separated from the user area is secured. This is a method of setting a logical block number (LBN). In this method, when information is recorded or reproduced on a disk, if an optical head has a defective area in the middle of recording or reproduction on the disk, data is recorded or recorded in a spare area at a physically separated position. And then return to the point where it left off and record the rest of the data. For this purpose, the optical head must be moved frequently (see FIG. 16 (d)).

[0005] The department in charge of information processing and recording / reproduction of information in the computer system is a recording / reproduction application software (hereinafter abbreviated as a recording / reproduction application).
1 layer, file system (File System) 2 layers, optical disk drive (Optical Disk D)
rive; ODD) Three layers and a control layer are divided.

[0006] Commands serving as interfaces are defined between the respective layers. Also, addresses handled in each layer are different. In other words, the recording / playback application 1
Handles AV Address, and File System 2 handles AV A
ODD3 handles logical sector numbers (LSN) or logical block numbers (LBN) based on ddress, and ODD3 handles physical sector numbers (PSN) based on logical sector numbers (BSN) and logical block numbers (LBN). (See FIG. 4).

[0007]

For example, consider the case where video information or audio information according to the recording format of a DVD video disc is recorded on a DVD-RAM disc. As mentioned above, as a defect handling (alternative) method,
In the case of performing the Linear Replacement process, when a defective ECC block is encountered during recording, the optical head needs to reciprocate between a User Area 723 and a Spare Area 724, which will be described later. If the access operation of the optical head is frequently performed at the time of recording as described above, the amount of video information stored in the buffer memory is determined due to the relationship between the transfer speed and the amount of input data, the access time for recording, and the buffer memory capacity. Exceeds the memory capacity, making continuous recording impossible.

[0008] In addition, recording and playback application software 1
In the layer, we want to manage the video information to be recorded without being bothered by the defect management on the information storage medium. However, if a large number of defect areas occur on the information storage medium, the conventional method uses recording and playback application software. The effect of a defect on the information storage medium spreads to the layer 1, and stable video information management becomes difficult.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a recording method capable of stably performing continuous recording without being affected even if a large number of defective areas exist on an information storage medium, and an information recording method using the method. A playback device is provided. Another object of the present invention is to provide an information storage medium (and a data structure of information recorded therein) in which information is recorded in a format most suitable for the stable continuous recording.

Further, even if a large number of defective areas exist on the information storage medium, video information management can be performed stably without imposing a burden on the recording / reproducing application software layer (without causing the recording / reproducing application software layer to perform defect management). The next object of the present invention is to provide an environment setting method (specifically, a method of recording, reproducing, and editing video information as a system) for causing the environment to be set. The present invention also provides an information recording / reproducing apparatus and an information recording / reproducing apparatus having an optimal system for realizing the above environment.

[0011]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides (1) an information storage medium capable of recording and reproducing information; a defect area and a replacement area which are both included in a user area; Set the address for both. (2) Further, according to the present invention, the control information of different hierarchies is provided by a first address number designating method and a second address number designating method, respectively.
Addresses are set at the same location. (3) Further, according to the present invention, identification information of an audio / video file is recorded in at least one of the recorded files.

(1-1) By means of the above (1), defect management can be left to the FileSystem 2 instead of the recording / reproducing application 1, and the recording / reproducing application software 1 can manage video information without being bothered by defect management. Can concentrate on Further, by setting the replacement area in the first area which is a user area in which the user can record, the replacement area can be arranged at a position near the defect area generated in the user area. Access can be suppressed and continuous recording can be guaranteed. In addition, the replacement area can be arranged immediately after the defect area, and the replacement processing can be performed without any access to the optical head. For this reason, continuous recording can be guaranteed even more stably.

(2-1) By means of the above (2), the information management by the recording / reproducing application 1 and the file system 2 can be independently performed, and it is possible to concentrate on the respective roles. That is, File Sy
Defect management on the information storage medium can be entrusted to the stem 2. AV Address which is the second address number in the defective area
, The recording / reproducing application 1 can concentrate on the video information management without performing any defect management. More specifically,
Logical block number (LB managed by File System 2)
N) The management information corresponding to the file entry (File
Entry) and managed by the recording / playback application 1 AV Addres
The management information corresponding to s is realized by the video object control information (Video Object Control Information), and these management information are separately recorded on the information storage medium, so that the information management by the recording / reproducing application 1 and the File System 2 is independently performed. You can do it and concentrate on each role. Also, LB
Conversion between N and AV Address is supported on the File System 2 side. This eliminates the need for the recording / reproducing application 1 to perform cumbersome address conversion, and allows the recording and reproducing application 1 to concentrate on video information management.

(3-1) An AV flag identifiable on the File System is set in the AV file by means of the above (3). In File System 2, the AV flag added to the AV file is identified or specified from the recording / playback application 1 (FILE_ATTRIBUTE_AUDIO_AUDIO_
The VIDEO flag) makes it possible to identify whether the file to be recorded is an AV file or not, and can change the recording method. By performing the above processing, continuity at the time of recording can be reliably ensured for an AV file.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows typical features of the present invention. In each of the drawings, reference numerals are described in blocks.

The information storage medium (optical disk) 100 includes:
An area where information can be recorded when the disc is inserted into the recording device and a user performs a recording operation is secured.
This area is called a user area (User Area). The disc 100 is provided with a lead-in area, an area for volume and file management information, a data area, and a lead-out area. Although the details will be described later, the above-mentioned user area is set in the data area, and the address management and processing method of this part is a feature of the present invention.

A first block called Logical Block Number (LBN) is provided in all recording areas of the information storage medium.
In this system, the LBN is assigned to both the defective area 3452 and the replacement area 3456. As a result, defect management can be entrusted to the file system (File System) 2 instead of the recording / playback application software (recording / reproducing application) 1, and the recording / reproducing application 1 can concentrate on video information management without being troubled by defect management. become. PSN is a physical sector number, which is set over the entire disk.

FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show AV information for an information storage medium.
The table shows a list of contents that are necessary for recording information and that can be expected to have unique effects according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 shows the relationship among the applications, file systems, and ODDs categorized in FIG. 2 and FIG. FIG.
Information recording / reproducing device (ODD: Optical Disk Drive)
Reference numeral 3 is the same as, for example, an information recording / reproducing device 140 of a personal computer (PC) system described later.
The programs of both the File System 2 and the recording / playback application software (recording / playback application) 1 in FIG. 4 are usually stored in, for example, an HDD 121 in a PC system described later. Is started, the program of the recording / playback application software (recording / playback application) 1 is transferred to the main memory 112 when the recording / playback application software program is used.

Here, FIG.
This will be explained with reference to FIG. This is because the object of the present invention is realized in a state in which all or some of the elements constituting the personal computer are used.

FIG. 5 shows the configuration of a personal computer system using an information reproducing apparatus. 5A: General personal computer system 11
Description of the internal structure of 0.

5A-1: Data / address line directly connected to the main CPU

The main CPU 111 in the personal computer 110 has a memory data line 114 for directly inputting / outputting information to / from the main memory 112 and a memory address line 113 for designating an address of information recorded in the main memory 112. Holding, main memory 11
2 according to the program loaded in the main CPU 1
The execution process of No. 11 proceeds. Further, the main CPU 111
Information is transferred to and from various controllers via the O data line 146, and an information transfer destination controller is specified and information to be transferred is specified by addressing the I / O address line 145.

5A-2: Explanation of CRT display control and keyboard control.

An LCD controller 115 for controlling display contents of the CRT display 116 exchanges information between the main CPUs 111 via a memory data line 114. To achieve higher resolution and rich expression colors,
Video RA as memory dedicated to RT display 116
M117 is provided. The LCD controller 115 is connected to the main memory 11 via the memory data line 114.
2 can be input directly and displayed on the CRT display 116.

Numeric keypad information input from the keyboard 119 is converted by the keyboard controller 118 and
Main CPU 111 via the / O data line 146
Is input to

5A-3: Explanation of the control system of the built-in HDD / information reproducing apparatus.

The HDD 121 and the CD-ROM drive / DVD-
An optical information reproducing apparatus 122 such as a ROM drive often uses an IDE interface. HDD
121 or playback information from the information playback device 122, or H
Information recorded on the DD 121 is stored in the IDE controller 120.
Is transferred to the I / O data line 146 via

In particular, when the HDD 121 is used as a boot disk, the personal computer system 11
At the time of startup, the main CPU 111 accesses the HDD 121 and necessary information is transferred to the main memory 112. 6A-4: Description of the serial / parallel interface with the outside.

Personal computer system 110
A serial line and a parallel line are provided for information transfer with an external device.

A parallel I / F controller 123 for controlling a parallel line represented by "Centro" is used, for example, when a printer 124 or a scanner 125 is directly driven without using a network. Scanner 1
The information transferred from 25 is transferred to the I / O data line 146 via the parallel I / F controller 123. Information transferred on the I / O data line 146 is transferred to the printer 124 via the parallel I / F controller 123.

For example, information in the video RAM 117 displayed on the CRT display 116 or the main memory 1
To print out the specific information in the I / O data line 12, the information is transferred to the I / O data line 146 via the main CPU 111, and then transferred to the parallel I / F controller 1.
The protocol is converted at 23 and output to the printer 124.

Regarding the serial information to be output to the outside, the information transferred on the I / O data line 146 is protocol-converted by the serial I / F controller 130 and output as, for example, an RS-232C signal e.

5A-5... Explanation of a function expansion bus line.

Personal computer system 110
Has various bus lines for function expansion. A desktop personal computer often has a PCI bus 133 and an EISA bus 126 as bus lines. Each bus line is connected to the I / O data line 146 and the I / O address line 1 via the PCI bus controller 143 or the EISA bus controller 144.
45. Various boards connected to the bus line include a dedicated board for the EISA bus 126 and a PCI bus 13
It is divided into three dedicated boards. Relatively PCI bus 133
Is more suitable for high-speed transfer, the number of boards connected to the PCI bus 133 is increased in the figure, but is not limited thereto.
It is also possible to connect the AN board 139 or the SCSI board 138 to the EISA bus 126.

5A-6: Outline of functions of various boards connected to the bus line.

Sound blaster board 127: The sound signal input from the microphone 128 is converted into digital information by the sound blaster board 127, and EISA
The main memory 112, the HDD 121, and the information recording / reproducing device 14 via the bus 126 and the I / O data line 146.
It is input to 0 and processed. If the user wants to listen to music or voice, the HDDs 121 and 141, the information reproducing device 122,
By designating a file name recorded in the information recording / reproducing apparatus 140 by a user, the digital sound source signal is
The data is transferred to the sound blaster board 127 via the O data line 146 and the EISA bus 126, is converted into an analog signal, and is output from the speaker 129.

Dedicated DSP 137: When it is desired to execute a certain special process at a high speed, a DSP 137 board dedicated to the process can be connected to a bus line.

SCSI interface: A SCSI interface is often used for inputting and outputting information to and from an external storage device. S which is input / output to / from an external storage device such as an information backup MT (magnetic tape) 142, an externally mounted HDD 141, and an information recording / reproducing device 140
The CSI format information is transferred to the PCI bus 133 or EI
Protocol conversion and transfer information format conversion for transfer to the SA bus 126 are executed in the SCSI board 138.

A board dedicated to information compression / decompression: multimedia information such as audio, still images, and moving images is compressed into HD information.
D121, 141 and the information recording / reproducing device 140 (information reproducing device 122). The information recorded on the HDDs 121 and 141, the information recording / reproducing device 140, and the information reproducing device 122 is decompressed and displayed on the CRT display 116, or the speaker 129 is driven. Also microphone 12
8 to compress the information such as audio signals input from
D121, 141 and the information recording / reproducing device 140.

Various dedicated boards are responsible for the information compression / decompression function. Audio / video signals are compressed / expanded by the audio encoding / decoding board 136, moving images (video images) are compressed / expanded by the MPEG board 134, and still images are compressed / expanded by the JPEG board 135. I have.

5B: Description of connection between personal computer and external network.

5B-1. Description of network connection using telephone line.

When information is to be transferred to the outside via the telephone line f, the modem 131 is used. That is, although not shown in the drawing, a NCU (Networ
kControl Unit) transmits the destination telephone number to the telephone exchange via the telephone line f. When the telephone line is connected, the serial I / F controller 130 performs transfer information format conversion and protocol conversion on the information on the I / O data line 146, and converts the resulting digital signal RS-232C signal into a modem. At 131, the signal is converted into an analog signal and transferred to the telephone line f.

5B-2: Description of network connection using IEEE1394.

When transferring multimedia information such as audio, still images, and moving images to an external device (not shown),
An EEE1394 interface is suitable.

If necessary information cannot be sent within a certain period of time for a moving image or a sound, the movement of the image is jerky or the sound is interrupted. IEEE13 to solve the problem
In 94, data transfer is completed every 125 μs
Uses the nous transfer method. IEEE 1394 allows the isochronous transfer and the normal asynchronous transfer to coexist, but the asynchronous transfer time of one cycle is 63.000 at maximum.
The upper limit is set to 5 μs. If the asynchronous transfer time is too long, isochronous transfer cannot be guaranteed. In IEEE1394, SCSI commands (instruction sets) can be used as they are.

The IEEE 1394 I / F board 132 performs processes such as information format conversion and protocol conversion for isochronous transfer and automatic topology setting such as node setting for the information transmitted through the PCI bus 133.

As described above, not only the information held in the personal computer system 110 is transferred to the outside as the IEEE 1394 signal g, but also the IEEE 1394 signal g sent from the outside is converted and transferred to the PCI bus 133. The IEEE 1394 I / F board 132 also has a function.

5B-3: Description of network connection using LAN.

For local area information communication in a specific area such as a company, government office, or school, although not shown, the LAN signal h is input / output using a LAN cable as a medium.

As a protocol for communication using a LAN, T
CP / IP, NetBEUI, and the like exist, and have a unique data packet structure (information format structure) according to various protocols. The LAN board 139 performs information format conversion for information transferred on the PCI bus 133 and communication procedure processing with the outside according to various protocols.
Do.

As an example, a procedure and an information transfer path for converting specific file information recorded in the HDD 121 into a LAN signal h and transferring the LAN signal h to an external personal computer, EWS, or network server (not shown). explain. IDE controller 12
0, the file directory recorded in the HDD 121 is output, and the resulting file list is recorded in the main memory 112 by the main CPU 111 and displayed on the CRT display 116. When the user inputs a file name to be transferred to the keyboard 119, the content is recognized by the main CPU 111 via the keyboard controller 118. Main CPU1
When the HDD 11 notifies the IDE controller 120 of the file name to be transferred, the HDD determines the internal information recording location and accesses the HDD.
Is transferred to the I / O data line 146 via I
After file information is input from the / O data line 146 to the PCI bus controller 143, the PCI bus 13
3 to the LAN board 139. LAN
The board 139 establishes a session with the transfer destination by a series of communication procedures, inputs file information from the PCI bus 133, converts the file information into a data packet structure according to a protocol to be transmitted, and transfers the data packet to the outside as a LAN signal h.

5C: Explanation of information transfer from the information reproducing apparatus or the information storage / reproducing apparatus (optical disc apparatus).

5C-1: Description of standard interface and information transfer path.

An information reproducing device 122 which is a read-only optical disk device such as a CD-ROM and a DVD-ROM, and a DVD
When the information recording / reproducing apparatus 140, which is an optical disc capable of recording / reproducing, such as a RAM, a PD, and an MO, is incorporated in the personal computer system 110 and used, a standard interface of “IDE”, “SCSI”, “I”
EEE1394 "and the like.

Generally, the PCI bus controller 14
3 and EISA bus controller 144 have DMA inside
have. The main CPU 111 is controlled by the DMA.
It is possible to transfer information directly between the blocks without intervening.

For example, if the information of the information recording / reproducing device 140 is M
When transferring to the PEG board 134, the main CPU 111
The process from the step S1 only gives a transfer command to the PCI bus controller 143, and the information transfer management is left to the DMA in the PCI bus controller. As a result, during actual information transfer, the main CPU can execute other processes in parallel without being bothered by the information transfer process.

Similarly, when information recorded in the information reproducing device 122 is transferred to the HDD 141, the main CPU
111 is a PCI bus controller 143 or IDE
By only issuing a transfer command to the controller 120, the subsequent transfer processing management is performed by the DM in the PCI bus controller 143.
A or DMA in the IDE controller 120.

5C-2: Explanation of authentication function

As described above, the information transfer process for the information recording / reproducing device 140 or the information reproducing device 122
The DMA in the CI bus controller 143, the DMA in the EISA bus controller 144, or the DMA in the IDE controller 120 manages the data, but the actual transfer processing itself is performed by the authentication ( authentication) The function unit is executing the actual transfer processing.

DVDvideo, DVD-ROM, DVD-
In DVD systems such as R, video and audio bit streams are recorded in the MPEG2 Program stream format, and audio streams, video streams, sub-picture streams, private streams, and the like are recorded in a mixed manner. The information recording / reproducing apparatus 140 separates and extracts an audio stream, a video stream, a sub-picture stream, a private stream, and the like from a program stream (Program stream) at the time of reproducing information, and directly outputs the audio via the PCI bus 133 without the intervention of the main CPU 111. The data is transferred to the encoding / decoding board 136, the MPEG board 134, or the JPEG board 135.

Similarly, the information reproducing apparatus 122 separates and extracts a program stream (Program stream) reproduced therefrom into various types of stream information, and separates each stream information via the I / O data line 146 and the PCI bus 133. Directly (without intervening the main CPU 111)
Audio encoding / decoding board 136, MPEG board 134
Alternatively, the data is transferred to the JPEG board 135.

Information recording / reproducing device 140 or information reproducing device 1
Similarly to 22, the audio encoding / decoding board 136, the MPEG board 134, or the JPEG board 135 itself has an authentication function inside. Prior to the information transfer, the information recording / reproducing device 140 or the information reproducing device 122, the audio encoding / decoding board 136, and the MPE are connected via the PCI bus 133 (and the I / O data line 146).
The G board 134 and the JPEG board 135 authenticate each other. When the mutual authentication is completed, the information recording / reproducing device 140
The video stream information reproduced by the information reproducing device 122 is transferred to the MPEG board 134 only. Similarly, the audio stream information is stored in the audio encoding / decoding board 1
36 only. Still image stream is JPE
The private stream and the text information are sent to the G board 135 to the main CPU 111.

FIG. 6 shows the classification of the embodiment of the present invention. There are nine types of embodiments of the present invention that realize the functions (effects) required at the time of recording the AV information shown in FIGS. XX as a symbol for distinguishing the state of each embodiment,
XX-PS, LBN / ODD, LBN / ODD-P
S, LBN / UDF, LBN / UDF-PS, LB
N / UDF-CDAFi, LBN / XXX, LBN /
XXX-PS is shown. The figure summarizes and describes the characteristic functions of each embodiment.

The case where LBN is not set in the vertical direction of the left orchid and the case where LBN is set are distinguished. The horizontal direction in the uppermost column indicates the cases where a spare spare area is not reserved before and when the continuous data area is created. It shows the management place and management method of unused area.

FIG. 7 summarizes the effects obtained when each embodiment is used.

In describing a specific embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment in which a DVD-RAM disk is used as an information storage medium and UDF is used as a file system will be described.

First, a description will be given of a DVD-RAM disc which is premised before describing a specific embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a diagram for explaining the layout of the schematic recording contents in the DVD-RAM disk.

That is, the Lead-in Are on the inner peripheral side of the disk
a 607 is an embossed data zone 611 with an uneven light reflection surface, and the surface is flat (mirror surface)
Mirror Zone 612 and rewritable data zone (Rewritable data Zon)
e) Consists of 613. The Embossed data Zone 611 is a reference signal zone (R
eference signal Zone 653 and Control data Zone 655, and Mirror Zone 612
Includes Connection Zone 657.

The Rewritable data Zone 613 includes a disk test zone (Disk test Zone) 658, a drive test zone (Drive test Zone) 660, and a disk ID.
Disc identification Zone 662 showing (identifier)
And defect management areas DMA1 and DMA2 663.

The lead-out area 609 on the outer peripheral side of the disk
As shown in FIG. 10, a defect management area DMA3 and DMA4 691 and a disc identification zone 69 showing a disc ID (identifier) are shown.
2. Rewritable data zone 645 including Drive test Zone 694 and Disk test Zone 695.

[0075] Lead-in Area 607 and Lead-out Area 609
The Data Area 608 between the two has 24 annual ring-shaped Zone 00
It is divided into 620 to Zone 23 643. Each zone (Zo
ne) has a constant rotation speed, but the rotation speed differs between different zones. Further, the number of sectors constituting each zone also differs for each zone. Specifically, the rotation speed of Zone 00 620 and the like on the inner circumference side of the disk is high and the number of constituent sectors is small. On the other hand, Zone 23 643 and the like on the outer peripheral side of the disk have a low rotation speed and a large number of constituent sectors. With such a layout, high-speed access like CAV is realized in each zone, and high-density recording like CLV is realized in the whole zone.

FIGS. 9 and 10 show the layout of FIG.
It is a figure explaining the detail of Lead-in Area 607 and Lead-out Area 609.

Control data of Embossed data Zone 611
Zone 655 includes the applicable DVD standard type (DV
D-ROM, DVD-RAM, DVD-R, etc.) and a book type and part version 671 indicating a part version, and a disk size and minimum readout indicating a disk size and a minimum read rate. Rate (Disc size
and minimum read-out rate) 672 and a disc structure 67 showing a disc structure such as a single-layer ROM disk, a single-layer RAM disk, a double-layer ROM disk, etc.
3 and the recording density (R
ecording density) 674 and data location (Data Area allocatio)
n) 675 and a BCA in which the serial number of each information storage medium is recorded in a non-rewritable manner on the inner circumference of the information storage medium.
(Burst Cutting Area) Descriptor 676 and Velocity 677 indicating the linear velocity condition for specifying the exposure amount during recording
Read power 678 indicating the amount of exposure to the information storage medium at the time of reproduction, Peak power 679 indicating the maximum amount of exposure given to the information storage medium for recording mark formation at the time of recording, and erasing. Power (Bias powe) that represents the maximum exposure amount given to the information storage medium at times
r) 680 and information 682 on media manufacture are recorded.

In other words, this Control data
Zone 655 includes information on the entire information storage medium such as physical sector numbers indicating recording start and recording end positions, and information such as recording power, recording pulse width, erasing power, reproducing power, and linear velocity at the time of recording / erasing. In addition, information related to recording / reproducing / erasing characteristics and information related to manufacturing of an information storage medium such as a manufacturing number of each disk are recorded in advance.

[0079] Lead-in Area 607 and Lead-out Area
The 609 Rewritable Data Zones 613 and 645 have a unique disc name recording area (Disc identifica
Option Zone 662, 692) and test recording area (Drive test Zone 660, 694 and Disk for checking the recording erasure condition)
test zones 659 and 695) and a management information recording area relating to a defective area in the data area (defect management area; DMA1 & DMA2 663, DMA3 & D)
MA4 691) is provided. By using these areas, optimal recording can be performed on individual disks.

FIG. 11 shows the Data in the layout of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining details in an area 608.

The same number of groups are assigned to each of the 24 zones, and each group is used for the user area 723 used for data recording and the replacement processing.
Includes Spare Area 724 pairs. User Area 7
The 23 and Spare Area 724 pairs are separated by Guard Areas 771 and 772 for each zone. In addition, User Area 723 and Spare Area (Spar
e Area) 724 is in the same rotation speed zone,
The smaller group number belongs to the high-speed rotation zone, and the larger group number belongs to the low-speed rotation zone. The low-speed rotation zone group has a larger number of sectors than the high-speed rotation zone group, but the low-speed rotation zone has a larger radius of rotation of the disk, so that the physical recording density on the disk 10 is over the entire zone (all groups). Almost uniform.

In each group, the User Area 723 is arranged on the smaller sector number (ie, the inner circumference side on the disk), and the Spare Area 724 is arranged on the larger sector number (the outer circumference side on the disk).

Next, a recording signal structure of information recorded on a DVD-RAM disk as an information storage medium and a method of creating the recording signal structure will be described. The information itself recorded on the medium is called "information", and the structure or expression after scrambling or modulating the same information, that is, "1" after the signal form is converted.
The connection between the states of “〜” and “0” is expressed as “signal”, and the two are appropriately distinguished.

FIG. 12 is a diagram for explaining the internal structure of a sector included in the data area shown in FIG. One sector 501a in FIG. 12 corresponds to one of the sector numbers in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, it has a size of 2048 bytes. Each sector is not shown, but the information storage medium (DVD-RAM)
The headers 573 and 574 previously recorded on the recording surface of the disc with an embossed structure such as embossing, and alternately include synchronization codes 575 and 576 and modulated signals 577 and 578.

Next, E on the DVD-RAM disk
The CC block processing method will be described.

FIG. 13 shows a recording unit (ECC of Error Correction Code) of information contained in Data Area 608 in FIG.
FIG.

An FAT (File Alloca) often used in a file system of an information storage medium (a hard disk HDD, a magneto-optical disk MO, etc.) for a personal computer.
In the Action Table), information is recorded on the information storage medium using 256 bytes or 512 bytes as a minimum unit.

On the other hand, CD-ROM and DVD-RO
In information storage media such as M and DVD-RAM, UDF (Universal Disk Format; details will be described later) is used as a file system, and information is recorded on the information storage medium in a minimum unit of 2048 bytes. This minimum unit is called a sector. In other words, for an information storage medium using UDF, as shown in FIG.
Information of 048 bytes is recorded.

In the case of a CD-ROM or DVD-ROM, since the cartridge is handled as a bare disk without using a cartridge, the surface of the information storage medium is easily scratched or dust is easily attached to the surface on the user side. There is a case where a specific sector (for example, the sector 501c in FIG. 13) cannot be reproduced (or cannot be recorded) due to dust or scratches on the surface of the information storage medium.

The DVD adopts an error correction method (ECC using a product code) in consideration of such a situation. Specifically, 16 sectors (in FIG. 13, 16 sectors from sector 501a to sector 501p)
Constitutes one ECC (Error Correction Code) block 502, in which a strong error correction function is provided. As a result, even if an error occurs in the ECC block 502 such that the sector 501c cannot be reproduced, the error is corrected and all the information in the ECC block 502 can be correctly reproduced.

FIG. 14 is a view for explaining the relationship between zones and groups (see FIG. 11) in the data area 608 of FIG.

Each zone in FIG. 8: Zone 00 620 to Zone 23
Numeral 643 is physically arranged on the recording surface of the DVD-RAM disk. As described in the column of the physical sector number 604 in FIG. 8 and the User Area in the Data Area 608 as described in FIG.
The physical sector number (starting physical sector number 701) of the first physical sector of Area 00 705 is 031000h (h:
(Meaning hexadecimal notation). Further, the physical sector number increases toward the outer peripheral side 704, and the user
a 00 705, 01 709, 23 707, Spare Area 00 708, 01 70
Regardless of 9, 23 710, Guard Area 711, 712, 713, consecutive numbers are assigned. Therefore Zone 620
The continuity is maintained in the physical sector numbers across 643 to 643.

On the other hand, User Area 705, 706, 707
Each G consisting of a pair of Spare Area 708, 709, and 710
Guard Area 71 between roup 714, 715 and 716
1, 712 and 713 are inserted and arranged. Therefore each Group
Figure 1 shows the physical sector numbers across 714, 715, and 716.
It has a discontinuity like 1.

When the DVD-RAM disk having the configuration shown in FIG. 14 is used in an information recording / reproducing apparatus having an information recording / reproducing section (physical system block) described later, the optical head 202 is moved to the guard areas 711, 712. DVD while passing through 713
A process of switching the rotation speed of the RAM disk can be performed. For example, if the optical head 202 is Group 00705
Seek to Group 01 715, and while passing Guard Area 711, the rotation speed of the DVD-RAM disk is switched.

FIG. 15 is a view for explaining a method of setting a logical sector number in the data area 608 of FIG. The minimum unit of the logical sector matches the minimum unit of the physical sector, and
It is in units of 8 bytes. Each logical sector is assigned to a corresponding physical sector position according to the following rules.

[0096] As shown in FIG.
a Since 711, 712, and 713 are provided on the recording surface of the DVD-RAM disk, discontinuity occurs in the physical sector numbers over each Group 714, 715, and 716, but the logical sector number is A setting method is adopted in which a connection is made continuously at a position straddling 714, 01 715, and 23 716. The arrangement of Group 00 714 and 01 715 to 23 716 is such that the smaller group number (the smaller physical sector number) is located on the inner side of the DVD-RAM disc (Lead-in Are).
a 607), and the larger group number (the larger physical sector number) is arranged on the outer peripheral side (lead-out area 609 side) of the DVD-RAM disk.

In this arrangement, if there is no defect on the recording surface of the DVD-RAM disk, each logical sector is allocated to all physical sectors in User Area 00 705 to 23 707 in FIG. Physical sector number is 0310
The logical sector number of the sector at the start physical sector number 701 position of 00h is set to 0h (each Grou in FIG. 11).
(Refer to the column of the logical sector number 774 of the first sector in p).

As described above, when there is no defect on the recording surface, a logical sector number is not set in advance for each sector in Spare Area 00 708 to 23 710.

During the Certify process, which is a process of detecting a defect position on the recording surface prior to recording on the DVD-RAM disk, during reproduction, or during recording,
If a defective sector is found in serArea 00 705 to 23 707, as a result of the replacement process, the logical sector number is set for the corresponding sector in Spare Area 00 708 to 23 710 by the number of sectors that have been replaced. You.

Next, several methods for processing defects generated in the user area will be described. Before that, a defect management area (defect management areas (DMA1 to DMA4663, 691) in FIG. 9 or FIG. 10) necessary for defect processing and related matters will be described. [Defect Management Area] Defect Management Area (DMA1) ~ DMA
4 663, 691) is composed of 32 sectors, for example, data including information on the structure of the data area and defect management.
The two defect management areas (DMA1, DMA2 663) are arranged in the lead-in area 607 of the DVD-RAM disk, and the other two defect management areas (DMA3, DMA4).
691) Lead-out Area 60 of DVD-RAM disk
9 Each defect management area (DMA1 to DM
After A4 663, 691), a spare sector (spare sector) is appropriately added.

Each defect management area (DMA1 to DMA46)
63, 691) are divided into two blocks. The first block of each of the defect management areas (DMA1 to DMA4663, 691) includes a definition information structure (DDS; Disc Definition Structure) of a DVD-RAM disc and a primary defect list (PDL). Each defect management area (DMA1 to DMA4 663, 691
) Has a secondary defect list (SDL;
Secondary Defect List). The four primary defect lists (PDL) of the four defect management areas (DMA1 to DMA4663, 691) have the same contents, and the four secondary defect lists (SDL) also have the same contents.

Four defect management areas (DMA1 to DMA
4 663, 691) have basically the same contents, but the pointers to the PDL and SDL of each of the four defect management areas are as follows:
Each content is individual.

Here, the DDS / PDL block corresponds to the DDS
And the first block containing PDL. Also,
The SDL block means a second block including the SDL.

Each defect management area after initializing the DVD-RAM disk (DMA1 to DMA4663, 691)
Is as follows: (1) The first sector of each DDS / PDL block is DD
(2) The second sector of each DDS / PDL block is P
(3) The first sector of each SDL block contains the SDL.

The block lengths of the primary defect list PDL and the secondary defect list SDL are determined by the respective numbers of entries. Each defect management area (DMA1 to DMA4
Unused sectors 663, 691) are overwritten with data 0FFh. All spare sectors are overwritten with 00h. [Disk definition information] The definition information structure DDS consists of a table having a length of one sector. This DDS is Disk 1
It has an initialization method of 0 and contents that define the start address of each of PDL and SDL. DDS is Disk 1
When the initialization of 0 is completed, it is recorded in the first sector of each defect management area (DMA). [Spare sector] The defective sector in each Data Area 608 is replaced (replaced) by a predetermined defect management method (verification, slipping replacement, skipping replacement, linear replacement, which will be described later) with a normal sector. The position of the spare sector for this replacement is represented by Spare Area 00 708 to
23 710 included in the spare area of each group. The physical sector numbers in each spare area are shown in FIG.
It is described in the column of Spare Area 724.

A DVD-RAM disk can be initialized before use, but this initialization can be performed regardless of whether verification has been performed.

The defective sector is subjected to the slipping replacement process (S
The processing is performed by a lipping replacement algorithm, a skipping replacement algorithm, or a linear replacement algorithm. The total number of entries listed in the PDL and SDL by these processes (Algorithm) is set to a predetermined number, for example, 4092 or less. [Initialization / Certify] Data of DVD-RAM disk
In many cases, an initialization process is performed before recording user information in the area 608, and a defect status inspection (Certify) of all sectors in the data area 608 is performed. Defective sectors found in the initialization stage are specified, and defective sectors in the User Area 723 are replaced by Spare Area 724 by slipping replacement processing or linear replacement processing according to the number of consecutive defective sectors.
Is interpolated by the spare sector in D while Certify is running
When the spare sectors in the zone of the VD-RAM disk are used up, the DVD-RAM disk is determined to be defective, and the DVD-RAM disk is not used thereafter.

[0108] All the parameters of the definition information structure DDS are recorded in four DDS sectors. The primary defect list PDL and the secondary defect list SDL are recorded in four defect management areas (DMA1 to DMA4663, 691). In the first initialization, the update counter in the SDL is set to 00h, and all reserved blocks are set to 00h.
Is overwritten.

When the disk 10 is used for storing data in a computer, the above-described initialization and Certify are performed. When the disk 10 is used for video recording, video recording is performed immediately without performing the above-mentioned initialization and Certify. It is possible.

FIGS. 16A and 16B show the data area of FIG.
608 Slipping Replacement
FIG.

Immediately after manufacturing a DVD-RAM disc (when no user information has been recorded on the disc), or when recording user information for the first time (rather than overwriting and recording on a place where it has already been recorded) In the case where information is first recorded in an unrecorded area), this slipping replacement processing is applied as a defect processing method.

That is, the found defective data sector (for example, m defective sectors 731) is replaced (or replaced) by the first normal sector (user area 723b) following the defective sector (replacement process 734). .
As a result, slipping (migration backward of the logical sector number) of m sectors occurs toward the end of the corresponding group. Similarly, if n defective sectors 732 are subsequently found, the defective sector is used in place of the succeeding normal sector (user area 723c), and the set position of the logical sector number is similarly shifted backward. As a result of the replacement process, m + n sectors 73 from the beginning in Spare Area 724
7 is set to the logical sector number and becomes the user information recordable area. As a result, the unused area 726 in the spare area 724 is reduced by m + n sectors.

At this time, the address of the defective sector is written in the primary defect list (PDL), and the recording of the user information of the defective sector is prohibited. If no defective sector is found during Certify, nothing is written to the PDL.
Similarly, if the recording use area 743 in the Spare Area 724
If a defective sector is found in the spare sector, the address of the spare sector is also written to the PDL.

As a result of the above-mentioned slipping replacement processing, the User Areas 723a to 723c having no defective sectors and the Spare Area 7
The recording use area 743 in 24 is an information recording use part (logical sector number setting area 735) of the group, and a continuous logical sector number is assigned to this part.

FIG. 16C shows the data area 608 in FIG.
Skipping alternation (Skip alternation)
It is a figure explaining pping Replacement Algorithm).

The skipping replacement processing is a processing method suitable for defect processing when it is necessary to continuously (seamlessly) record user information such as video information and audio information without interruption. This skipping replacement process is performed in units of 16 sectors, that is, in units of ECC blocks (one sector is 2k
It is executed in units of 32 kbytes.

For example, if one defective ECC block 741 is found after the User Area 732a composed of normal ECC blocks, this defective ECC block 741
The data that was scheduled to be recorded in the normal User Area 7 immediately after
It is recorded instead of the ECC block 23b (alternate processing 744). Similarly, k consecutive defective ECC blocks 7
If 42 is found, the data to be recorded in these defective blocks 742 will be replaced by the normal User Area 7 immediately after.
It is recorded instead of k ECC blocks of 23c.

In this way, when 1 + k defective ECC blocks are found in the user area of the corresponding group,
The (1 + k) ECC block shifts into the area of the Spare Area 724, and the extended area 743 used for information recording in the Spare Area 724 becomes a user information recordable area,
The logical sector number is set here. As a result Spare A
The unused area 726 of rea 724 is reduced by (1 + k) ECC blocks, and the remaining unused area 746 is reduced.

As a result of the replacement process, the User Areas 723a to 723c having no defective ECC block and the extended area 743 used for information recording become an information recording use part (logical sector number setting area) in the group. At this time, the logical sector number is set in a U
The ser areas 723a to 723c are characterized in that the logical sector numbers allocated in advance at the time of initialization (before the replacement processing) are kept unchanged.

As a result, the logical sector number previously assigned to each physical sector in the defective ECC block 741 at the time of initial setting is moved to the first physical sector in the extension area 743 used for information recording as it is and set. Is done. Further, the logical sector number assigned at the time of initialization for each physical sector in the k consecutive defect ECC blocks 742 is translated as it is, and the extended area 74 used for information recording is used.
3 is set for each corresponding physical sector.

In this skipping replacement processing method, the DVD
-Immediate replacement can be performed on defective sectors found during user information recording, even if the RAM disk has not been previously certified.

FIG. 16D shows a linear replacement process (Linea replacement process) which is still another replacement process in the data area 608 of FIG.
FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining r Replacement Algorithm).

This linear replacement process is also executed in units of 16 sectors, that is, in units of ECC blocks (in units of 32 kbytes). In the linear replacement process, the defective ECC block 75
1 is the first available normal spare block in the corresponding group (the first replacement recording location 75 in the spare area 724).
3) is replaced (replaced) (replacement processing 758). In this replacement process, the user information to be recorded on the defective ECC block 751 is recorded as it is on the replacement recording location 753 in the Spare Area 724, and the logical sector number setting position is also directly on the replacement recording location 753. Moved. Similarly, for the k consecutive defect ECC blocks 752, the user information and the logical sector number setting position to be recorded move to the alternate recording location 754 in the spare area 724.

In the case of the linear replacement process and the skipping replacement process, the address of the defective block and the address of the last replacement (replacement) block are written in the SDL. When the replacement block put on the SDL (secondary defect list) is later found to be a defective block, the replacement block is registered in the SDL using the direct pointer method. In the direct pointer method, the address of the replacement block is changed from the address of the defective block to the new one, so that the SDL in which the replaced defective block is registered is changed.
Entry is modified. When updating the secondary defect list SDL, the update counter in the SDL is incremented by one.

[Write Processing] When data is written to a certain group of sectors, defective sectors listed in the primary defect list (PDL) are skipped. Then, the data to be written to the defective sector is written to the next data sector according to the above-described slipping replacement process. If the block to be written is a secondary defect list (SD
If it is listed in L), the data to be written to the block is written to the spare block specified by the SDL according to the above-described linear replacement processing or skipping replacement processing.

In a personal computer environment, linear replacement processing is used when recording a personal computer file, and skipping replacement processing is used when recording an AV file. [Primary Defect List; PDL] Primary Defect List (PDL)
Is always recorded on a DVD-RAM disk, but its contents can be empty.

The PDL includes the addresses of all defective sectors specified at the time of initialization. These addresses are listed in ascending order. The PDL is recorded with a necessary minimum number of sectors. The PDL then starts from the first user byte of the first sector. All unused bytes in the last sector of the PDL are set to 0FFh.
The following information will be written into this PDL: Byte position PDL content 0000h; PDL identifier 101h; PDL identifier 2 Number of addresses in PDL; MSB 3 Number of addresses in PDL; LSB 4 First 5 The address of the defective sector (sector number; MSB) 5 The address of the first defective sector (sector number) 6 The address of the first defective sector (sector number) 7 The address of the first defective sector (sector number; LSB) ... x- 3 Address of last defective sector (sector number; MSB) x-2 Address of last defective sector (sector number) x-1 Address of last defective sector (sector number) x Address of last defective sector (sector number; LSB) * Note: When the 2nd and 3rd bytes are set to 00h, the 3rd byte is The end of the DL.

In the case of the primary defect list (PDL) for the multi-sector, the address list of the defective sector is
It follows the first byte of the second and subsequent succeeding sectors. That is, the PDL identifier and the number of PDL addresses are
Only present in the first sector.

If the PDL is empty, the second byte and the third
The byte is set to 00h, and the 4th to 20th bytes are set.
47 bytes are set in FFh.

Further, FFh is written to an unused sector in the DDS / PDL block.

[Secondary Defect List; SDL] The secondary defect list (SDL) is generated in the initialization stage and used after Certify. All disks have SDL recorded during initialization.

This SDL includes a plurality of entries in the form of the address of a defective data block and the address of a spare block that replaces the defective block.
Eight bytes are allocated to each entry in the SDL. That is, four bytes are allocated to the address of the defective block, and the remaining four bytes are allocated to the address of the replacement block.

The address list includes the first address of a defective block and its replacement block. The addresses of defective blocks are assigned in ascending order.

The SDL is recorded with the minimum necessary number of sectors, and the SDL starts from the first user data byte of the first sector. All unused bytes in the last sector of the SDL are set to 0FFh. Subsequent information is recorded in each of the four SDLs.

When a replacement block listed in the SDL is later determined to be a defective block, the replacement block is registered in the SDL using the direct pointer method. In the direct pointer method, the address of the replacement block is changed from the address of the defective block to the new address, thereby correcting the entry in the SDL in which the replaced defective block is registered. At this time, the number of entries in the SDL is not changed by the degraded sector.

The following information is written in this SDL: Byte position SDL contents 0 (00); SDL identifier 1 (02); SDL identifier 2 (00) 3 (01) 4 Update counter MSB 5 Update counter 6 Update counter 7 Update counter; LSB 8 to 26 Reserved (00h) 27 to 29 Flag indicating that all spare sectors in the zone have been used up 30 Number of entries in SDL; MSB 31 Number of entries in SDL; LSB 32 Address of first defective block (sector number; MSB) 33 Address of first defective block (sector number) 34 Address of first defective block (sector number) 35 Address of first defective block (sector number; LSB) 36 Address of first replacement block (sector number; MSB) 37 Address of first spare block (sector number) 38 Address of first spare block (sector number) 39 Address of first spare block (sector number; LSB) y-7 Address of last defective block (sector number; MSB) ) Y-6 Address of the last defective block (sector number) y-5 Address of the last defective block (sector number) y-4 Address of the last defective block (sector number; LSB) y-3 of the last replacement block Address (sector number; MSB) y-2 Address of last replacement block (sector number) y-1 Address of last replacement block (sector number) y Address of last replacement block (sector number; LSB) * Note; Each entry of the 30th to 31st bytes is 8 bytes long.

In the case of the secondary defect list (SDL) for the multi-sector, the address list of the defective block and the replacement block follows the first byte of the second and subsequent succeeding sectors. That is, the 0th byte to the 31st byte of the contents of the SDL exist only in the first sector. FFh is written to an unused sector in the SDL block.

Here, an apparatus for recording and reproducing information on and from the information storage medium (disk) will be described.

Here, an apparatus for recording and reproducing information on and from the information storage medium (disk) will be described.

FIG. 17 is a block diagram for explaining an example of the configuration in the information recording / reproducing unit (physical system block) of the information recording / reproducing apparatus.

Description of the basic functions of the information recording / reproducing unit.

The information recording / reproducing section records or rewrites (including erasing information) new information at a predetermined position on the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 by using a focused spot of a laser beam. Further, from a predetermined position on the information storage medium 201, using a focused spot of a laser beam,
Reproduction of information already recorded is performed.

Description of the means for achieving the basic function of the information recording / reproducing section.

In order to achieve the above basic function, the information recording / reproducing unit traces (follows) a converging spot along a track on the information storage medium 201. The recording / reproducing / erasing of information is switched by changing the light amount (intensity) of the condensed spot irradiated on the information storage medium 201. The recording signal d supplied from the outside is converted into an optimum signal for recording at a high density and a low error rate.

Explanation of the structure of the mechanism section and the operation of the detection section.

<Basic Structure of Optical Head 202 and Signal Detection Circuit><Signal Detection by Optical Head 202>
Basically, it is composed of a semiconductor laser element as a light source, a photodetector, and an objective lens. Laser light emitted from the semiconductor laser element is focused on an information storage medium (optical disk) 201 by an objective lens. Information storage medium 2
The laser beam reflected by the light reflecting film or the light reflecting recording film of No. 01 is photoelectrically converted by a photodetector.

The detected current obtained by the photodetector is
The current-to-voltage conversion by 13 generates a detection signal. This detection signal is supplied to the focus / track error detection circuit 21.
The signal is processed by the 7 or binarization circuit 212.

In general, a photodetector is divided into a plurality of photodetection areas, and individually detects a change in the amount of light applied to each photodetection area. The focus / track error detection circuit 217 calculates the sum / difference of the individual detection signals to detect a focus shift and a track shift.
After the focus shift and the track shift are substantially removed by this detection and the servo operation, the information storage medium 201
A change in the amount of light reflected from the light reflection film or the light reflection recording film is detected, and a signal on the information storage medium 201 is reproduced.

<Method of Detecting Defocus> There are, for example, the following methods for optically detecting the amount of defocus: [astigmatism method]... The light reflection film or light reflection property of the information storage medium 201. In this method, an optical element (not shown) that generates astigmatism is arranged in a detection optical path of the laser light reflected by the recording film, and a change in the shape of the laser light irradiated on the photodetector is detected. The light detection area is divided into four diagonally. For each detection signal obtained from each detection area, focus
In the track error detection circuit 217, the sum of the signals from the diagonally detected areas is calculated, and the difference between the sums is calculated to obtain the focus error detection signal. [Knife edge method] A method of arranging a knife edge that asymmetrically shields a part of the laser light reflected by the information storage medium 201. The light detection area is divided into two parts, and a difference between detection signals obtained from each detection area is obtained to obtain a focus error detection signal.

Usually, either the astigmatism method or the knife edge method is employed.

<Track Shift Detection Method> The information storage medium (optical disc) 201 has a spiral or concentric track, and information is recorded on the track. Information is reproduced or recorded / erased by tracing the converged spot along this track. In order to stably trace the focused spot along the track, it is necessary to optically detect the relative displacement between the track and the focused spot.

The following method is generally used as a method for detecting a track shift: [Differential Phase Detection Method]
A change in the intensity distribution of the laser light reflected by the light reflecting film or the light reflecting recording film of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 on the photodetector is detected. The light detection area is divided into four on a diagonal line. For each detection signal obtained from each detection area, the sum of the signals from the detection areas on the diagonal in the focus / track error detection circuit 217 is obtained, and the difference between the sums is obtained to obtain the track error detection signal.

[Push-Pull method]... A change in the intensity distribution of the laser beam reflected from the information storage medium 1201 on the photodetector is detected. The light detection area is divided into two parts, and a track error detection signal is obtained by taking the difference between the detection signals obtained from each detection area.

[Twin-Spot Method] A diffractive element or the like is arranged in a light transmission system between the semiconductor laser device and the information storage medium 201 to divide the light into a plurality of wavefronts and irradiate the information storage medium 201. The change in the reflected light amount of the ± 1st-order diffracted light is detected. A light detection area for individually detecting the reflected light amount of the + 1st-order diffracted light and the reflected light amount of the -1st-order diffracted light is arranged separately from the light detection area for detecting the reproduction signal. Get.

<Objective Lens Actuator Structure> The laser beam emitted from the semiconductor laser device is
The objective lens (not shown) for condensing light on the first lens 1 is driven in accordance with the output current of the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218.
It has a structure that can be moved in the axial direction. There are the following two moving directions of the objective lens. In other words, the direction moves in the direction perpendicular to the information storage medium 201 for focus shift correction, and moves in the radial direction of the information storage medium 201 for track shift correction.

The moving mechanism (not shown) of the objective lens is called an objective lens actuator. For example, the following are often used as the objective lens actuator structure: [Axis sliding method]: A method in which a blade integrated with the objective lens moves along a central axis (shaft), and the blade is moved to the central axis. Move along the direction to correct the focus shift,
This is a method for correcting track deviation by rotating the blade with respect to the center axis.

[Four-wire system] A blade integrated with an objective lens is connected to a fixed system by four wires.
This is a method of moving a blade in two axial directions by utilizing elastic deformation of a wire.

Each of the above methods has a structure in which a permanent magnet and a coil are provided, and the blade is moved by passing a current through the coil connected to the blade.

<Rotation control system of information storage medium 201> The information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is mounted on a turntable 221 which is rotated by the driving force of the spindle motor 204.

[0160] The number of rotations of the information storage medium 10 is detected by a reproduction signal obtained from the information storage medium 201. That is, the detection signal (analog signal) output from the amplifier 213 is converted into a digital signal by the binarization circuit 212, and a fixed cycle signal (reference clock signal) is generated from the signal by the PLL circuit 211. The information storage medium rotation speed detection circuit 214 detects the number of rotations of the information storage medium 201 using this signal and outputs the value.

A correspondence table of the number of rotations of the information storage medium corresponding to the radial position to be reproduced or recorded / erased on the information storage medium 201 is recorded in the semiconductor memory 219 in advance. When the reproduction position or the recording / erasing position is determined, the control unit 220 sets the target rotation speed of the information storage medium 201 with reference to the information of the semiconductor memory 219, and notifies the spindle motor drive circuit 215 of the value.

The spindle motor drive circuit 215 obtains a difference between the target rotation speed and the output signal (current rotation speed) of the information storage medium rotation speed detection circuit 214, and outputs a drive current according to the result to the spindle motor 204. To control the rotation speed of the spindle motor 204 to be constant. The output signal of the information storage medium rotation speed detection circuit 214 is a pulse signal having a frequency corresponding to the rotation speed of the information storage medium 201,
In step 5, control (frequency control and phase control) is performed on both the frequency and the pulse phase of the pulse signal.

<Optical Head Moving Mechanism> This mechanism has an optical head moving mechanism (feed motor) 203 for moving the optical head 202 in the radial direction of the information storage medium 201.

As a guide mechanism for moving the optical head 202, a rod-shaped guide shaft is often used.
In this guide mechanism, this guide shaft and the optical head 2
The optical head 202 is moved by using friction between bushes attached to a part of the optical head 202. In addition, there is a method of using a bearing in which a frictional force is reduced by using a rotary motion.

Although a driving force transmitting method for moving the optical head 202 is not shown, a rotating motor having a pinion (rotating gear) is arranged in a fixed system, and a rack, which is a linear gear meshing with the pinion, is driven by an optical system. The optical head 202 is arranged on the side surface of the head 202 to convert the rotational motion of the rotary motor into a linear motion of the optical head 202. As another driving force transmission method, a linear motor system in which a permanent magnet is arranged in a fixed system and an electric current is applied to a coil arranged in the optical head 202 to move the coil in a linear direction may be used.

In both the rotary motor and the linear motor, basically, a current is supplied to the feed motor to
A driving force for two movements is generated. This drive current is supplied from the feed motor drive circuit 216.

<Functions of Each Control Circuit><Condensed Spot Trace Control> In order to perform focus shift correction or track shift correction, the inside of the optical head 202 is controlled according to the output signal (detection signal) of the focus / track error detection circuit 217. A circuit for supplying a drive current to an objective lens actuator (not shown) is an objective lens actuator drive circuit 218. This drive circuit 218
Has an internal phase compensation circuit for improving characteristics in accordance with the frequency characteristics of the objective lens actuator in order to make the movement of the objective lens respond at high speed to a high frequency region.

Objective lens actuator drive circuit 218
Then, in response to a command from the control unit 220, (a) on / off processing of a focus / track deviation correction operation (focus / track loop); and (b) an objective lens in the vertical direction (focus direction) of the information storage medium 201. (C) moving the objective lens at a low speed (executed when the focus / track loop is off); and (c) using an kick pulse to slightly move the objective lens in the radial direction of the information storage medium 201 (the direction across the track) to collect light. And moving the spot to an adjacent track.

<Laser Light Amount Control><Switching Processing Between Reproduction and Recording / Erase> Switching between reproduction and recording / erase is performed by changing the light amount of a converging spot irradiated onto the information storage medium 201.

For an information storage medium using the phase change method, the following relationship is generally established: [light amount at the time of recording]> [light amount at the time of erasing]> [light amount at the time of reproduction] (1) For an information storage medium using a magnetic system, there is generally a relationship of [light quantity at the time of recording] ≒ [light quantity at the time of erasing]> [light quantity at the time of reproduction] (2). In the case of the magneto-optical system, the recording and erasing processes are controlled by changing the polarity of an external magnetic field (not shown) applied to the information storage medium 201 during recording / erasing.

At the time of reproducing information, the information storage medium 201 is continuously irradiated with a constant amount of light.

When new information is recorded, a pulse-like intermittent light amount is added to the light amount at the time of reproduction. When the semiconductor laser element emits a pulse with a large amount of light, the light reflective recording film of the information storage medium 201 locally causes an optical change or a shape change, and a recording mark is formed. Similarly, when overwriting an area already recorded, the semiconductor laser element is caused to emit pulse light.

When erasing already recorded information, a constant light amount larger than that at the time of reproduction is continuously irradiated. In the case where information is continuously erased, the irradiation light amount is returned at the time of reproduction in a specific cycle such as a sector unit, and the information is intermittently reproduced in parallel with the erasing process. Thus, the erasing process is performed while confirming that there is no error in the erasing track by reproducing the track number or address of the track to be erased intermittently.

<Laser Emission Control> Although not shown, the optical head 202 has a built-in photodetector for detecting the light emission amount of the semiconductor laser element. In the laser driving circuit 205, the output of the photodetector (detection signal of the light emission amount of the semiconductor laser element) and the recording / reproduction / erase control waveform
The difference from the light emission reference signal given from step 06 is obtained, and the drive current to the semiconductor laser is feedback-controlled based on the result.

<Various Operations Related to Control System of Mechanism><StartupControl> When the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is mounted on the turntable 221 and the startup control is started, processing according to the following procedure is performed. Will be (1) From the control unit 220 to the spindle motor drive circuit 21
5, the target rotation speed is transmitted to the spindle motor 204 from the spindle motor drive circuit 215, and the spindle motor 204 starts rotating. (2) Simultaneously from the control unit 220 to the feed motor drive circuit 21
6, a command (execution command) is issued, and the feed motor drive circuit 216 sends an optical head drive mechanism (feed motor) 2
03 is supplied with a drive current, and the optical head 202 moves to the innermost position of the information storage medium 10. As a result, it is confirmed that the optical head 202 is located further inward of the information storage medium 201 beyond the area where the information is recorded. (3) When the spindle motor 204 reaches the target rotation speed, its status (status report) is output to the control unit 220. (4) A current is supplied from the semiconductor laser driving circuit 205 to the semiconductor laser element in the optical head 202 in accordance with the reproduced light amount signal sent from the control unit 220 to the recording / reproducing / erasing control waveform generation circuit 206, and laser emission is performed. Starts.

The information storage medium (optical disk) 201
The optimal irradiation light amount at the time of reproduction differs depending on the type. At the time of startup, the current value supplied to the semiconductor laser device is set to a value corresponding to the lowest value of the irradiation light amount. (5) The objective lens (not shown) in the optical head 202 is moved to the information storage medium 20 in accordance with a command from the control unit 220.
The objective lens actuator drive circuit 218 controls the objective lens so as to shift the objective lens to the position farthest from 1 and slowly bring the objective lens closer to the information storage medium 201. (6) Simultaneously focus / track error detection circuit 21
At 7, the amount of defocus is monitored, and when the objective lens comes near the in-focus position, the status is output, and the control unit 220 notifies that “the objective lens is near the in-focus position”.
Notify. (7) Upon receiving the notification, the control unit 220 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218 to turn on the focus loop. (8) The control unit 220 issues a command to the feed motor drive circuit 216 while keeping the focus loop on to move the optical head 202 slowly toward the outer peripheral portion of the information storage medium 201. (9) At the same time, the reproduction signal from the optical head 202 is monitored, and when the optical head 202 reaches the recording area on the information storage medium 201, the movement of the optical head 202 is stopped, and the track loop is performed on the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218. Issue a command to turn on. (10) Subsequently, the “optimum light quantity at the time of reproduction” and “optimum light quantity at the time of recording / erasing” recorded on the inner peripheral portion of the information storage medium 201 are reproduced, and the information is transmitted to the semiconductor via the control unit 220. Recorded in the memory 219. (11) Further, the control unit 220 sends a signal corresponding to the “optimum light amount at the time of reproduction” to the recording / reproduction / erase control waveform generation circuit 206 to reset the light emission amount of the semiconductor laser element at the time of reproduction. (12) Then, the light emission amount of the semiconductor laser element at the time of recording / erasing is set according to the “optimum light amount at the time of recording / erasing” recorded on the information storage medium 201.

<Access Control> Information about where the access destination information recorded on the information storage medium 201 is recorded and what kind of content it has on the reproduction information storage medium 201 is stored in the information storage medium 201. It depends on the type. For example, in a DVD disk, this information is recorded in a directory management area or a navigation pack in the information storage medium 201.

Here, the directory management area is usually recorded collectively in the inner peripheral area or the outer peripheral area of the information storage medium 201. Also, the navigation pack,
Recorded in a VOBU (Video Object Unit) data unit in a VOBS (Video Object Set) conforming to the data structure of the MPEG2 PS (Program Stream) and records information on where the next video is recorded are doing.

When it is desired to reproduce or record / delete specific information, the information in the above-mentioned area is reproduced first, and the access destination is determined from the obtained information.

<Coarse Access Control> The control unit 220 calculates the radius position of the access destination by calculation, and
Calculate the distance between the position.

The speed curve information which can be reached in the shortest time with respect to the moving distance of the optical head 202 is stored in advance in the semiconductor memory 21.
9 are recorded. The control unit 220 reads the information, and according to the speed curve, uses the optical head 2 in the following method.
02 movement control is performed.

That is, after the control section 220 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218 to turn off the track loop, the feed motor drive circuit 21
6 to start the movement of the optical head 202.

When the focused spot crosses a track on the information storage medium 201, a track error detection signal is generated in the focus / track error detection circuit 217. Using this track error detection signal, the relative speed of the focused spot with respect to the information storage medium 201 can be detected.

The feed motor drive circuit 216 calculates the difference between the relative speed of the condensed spot obtained from the focus / track error detection circuit 217 and the target speed information sent one by one from the control unit 220. The optical head 202 is moved while performing feedback control on the drive current to the drive mechanism (feed motor) 203.

As described in the section <Optical head moving mechanism>, frictional force always acts between the guide shaft and the bush or bearing. Dynamic friction acts when the optical head 202 is moving at high speed, but static friction acts at the start and immediately before the stop because the moving speed of the optical head 202 is low. When this static friction acts (particularly immediately before stopping), the frictional force is relatively increasing. To cope with this increase in frictional force, an optical head drive mechanism (feed motor) 20
3 so that the current supplied to the control unit 220 increases.
Increases the gain (gain) of the control system in response to a command from.

<Fine Access Control> When the optical head 202 reaches the target position, the control unit 220 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218 to turn on the track loop.

The focused spot reproduces the address or track number of that portion while tracing along the track on the information storage medium 201.

The current focused spot position is calculated from the address or the track number, the number of error tracks from the target position is calculated in the control unit 220, and the number of tracks required for moving the focused spot is determined by the objective lens actuator. Notify the drive circuit 218.

Objective lens actuator drive circuit 218
When a set of kick pulses is generated within the above, the objective lens slightly moves in the radial direction of the information storage medium 201, and the focused spot moves to an adjacent track.

Objective lens actuator drive circuit 218
Inside, the track loop is temporarily turned off and the control unit 2
After the number of kick pulses generated according to the information from 20 is generated, the track loop is turned on again.

After the completion of the fine access, the control unit 220 reproduces information (address or track number) of the position where the focused spot is traced, and confirms that the target track is being accessed.

<Continuous Recording / Reproduction / Erase Control> The track error detection signal output from the focus / track error detection circuit 217 is input to the feed motor drive circuit 216. During the “start control” and the “access control”, the control unit 220 controls the feed motor drive circuit 216 so as not to use the track error detection signal.

After confirming that the focused spot has reached the target track by accessing, a part of the track error detection signal is transmitted to the optical head driving mechanism (feeding section) via the motor driving circuit 216 by a command from the control section 220. Motor 203 is supplied as a drive current. This control is continued during the period in which the reproduction or the recording / erasing process is continuously performed.

The center position of the information storage medium 201 is mounted with an eccentricity slightly shifted from the center position of the turntable 221. When a part of the track error detection signal is supplied as a drive current, the entire optical head 202 slightly moves in accordance with the eccentricity.

When the reproduction or the recording / erasing process is continuously performed for a long time, the position of the condensed spot gradually moves in the outer circumferential direction or the inner circumferential direction. When a part of the track error detection signal is supplied as a drive current to the optical head moving mechanism (feed motor) 203, the optical head 20
2 gradually moves in the outer circumferential direction or the inner circumferential direction.

In this way, the track loop can be stabilized by reducing the burden of correcting the track shift of the objective lens actuator.

<End Control> When a series of processing is completed and the operation is to be ended, the processing is performed according to the following procedure. (1) The control unit 220 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218 to turn off the track loop. (2) The control unit 220 issues a command to the objective lens actuator drive circuit 218 to turn off the focus loop. (3) The control unit 220 issues a command to the recording / reproducing / erasing control waveform generation circuit 206 to stop the light emission of the semiconductor laser device. (4) The spindle motor drive circuit 215 is notified of 0 as the reference rotation speed.

<Flow of Recorded / Reproduced Signal to Information Storage Medium><Flow of Signal During Reproduction><Binarization / PLL Circuit> As described in the section <Signal Detection by Optical Head 202> above A signal on the information storage medium 201 is reproduced by detecting a change in the amount of light reflected from the light reflection film or the light reflective recording film of the information storage medium (optical disc) 201. The signal obtained by the amplifier 213 has an analog waveform. The binarization circuit 212 uses a comparator to convert the analog signal into a binary digital signal consisting of “1” and “0”.

From the reproduction signal thus obtained by the binarization circuit 212, the PLL circuit 211 extracts a reference signal at the time of information reproduction. That is, the PLL circuit 211 has a built-in variable frequency oscillator, and outputs a pulse signal (reference clock) output from the oscillator to the binarizing circuit 21.
A comparison of frequency and phase is made between the two output signals. By feeding back the comparison result to the oscillator output, a reference signal at the time of information reproduction is extracted.

<Demodulation of Signal> The demodulation circuit 210 has a built-in conversion table indicating the relationship between the modulated signal and the demodulated signal. The demodulation circuit 210 is a PLL circuit 21
The input signal (modulated signal) is returned to the original signal (demodulated signal) while referring to the conversion table in accordance with the reference clock obtained in step 1. The demodulated signal is recorded in the semiconductor memory 219.

<Error Correction Processing> Error Correction Circuit 209
, An error point is detected for the signal stored in the semiconductor memory 219 using the inner code PI and the outer code PO, and a pointer flag of the error point is set. Thereafter, while reading the signal from the semiconductor memory 219, the signal at the error location is sequentially corrected in accordance with the error pointer flag, and the corrected information is recorded in the semiconductor memory 219 again.

When the information reproduced from the information storage medium 201 is externally output as a reproduction signal c, the inner code PI and the outer code PO are removed from the error-corrected information recorded in the semiconductor memory 219, and the bus line 224 is output. Is transferred to the data I / O interface 222 via. Then, the data I / O interface 222 outputs the signal sent from the error correction circuit 209 as a reproduction signal c.

<Signal Format Recorded on Information Storage Medium 201> Signals recorded on the information storage medium 201 are required to satisfy the following: (a) On the information storage medium 201 (B) To simplify the reproduction processing circuit by setting the DC component of the reproduction signal to "0"; (c) For the information storage medium 201 Record information as densely as possible.

In order to satisfy the above requirements, the information recording / reproducing unit (physical block) needs to add “error correction function”.
And "signal conversion (modulation / demodulation of signal) for recorded information".

<Signal Flow During Recording><Error Correction Code ECC Addition Processing> The error correction code ECC addition processing will be described. Information storage medium 201
Is input to the data I / O interface 222 in the form of a raw signal. This recording signal d
Is recorded in the semiconductor memory 219 as it is. Thereafter, the following ECC addition processing is executed in the ECC encoder 208.

A specific example of the ECC adding method using the product code will be described below.

The recording signal d is stored in the semiconductor memory 219.
One line is sequentially arranged every 172 bytes.
A set of ECC blocks (172 byte rows × 192)
The amount of information is about 32 kbytes in a byte string). For a raw signal (recording signal d) in a set of ECC blocks composed of “172 byte rows × 192 byte columns”, 1
A 10-byte inner code PI is calculated for each row of 72 bytes and additionally recorded in the semiconductor memory 219. Further, a 16-byte outer code PO is calculated for each column in byte units and additionally recorded in the semiconductor memory 219.

Then, 12 rows (12 × (172 + 10) bytes) including the 10-byte inner code PI and the outer code P
A total of 23 for one row of O (1 × (172 + 10) bytes)
The information subjected to the error correction code ECC addition processing is recorded in one sector of the information storage medium 10 in units of 66 bytes (= (12 + 1) × (172 + 10)).

When the addition of the inner code PI and the outer code PO is completed, the ECC encoder 208 temporarily transfers the information to the semiconductor memory 219. When information is recorded on the information storage medium 201, a signal of 2366 bytes for one sector is transferred from the semiconductor memory 219 to the modulation circuit 207.

<Signal Modulation> The DC component (DS
V: Digital Sum Value or Digital Sum Variation)
Is approached to “0”, and signal modulation, which is conversion of a signal format, is performed in the modulation circuit 207 in order to record information on the information storage medium 201 at high density. Each of the modulation circuit 207 and the demodulation circuit 210 has a built-in conversion table indicating a relationship between an original signal and a signal after modulation.

[0211] The modulation circuit 207 is
8 is divided into a plurality of bits according to a predetermined modulation scheme, and converted into another signal (code) with reference to the conversion table. For example, when 8/16 modulation (RLL (2, 10) code) is used as a modulation method, there are two types of conversion tables, one for each reference so that the DC component (DSV) after modulation approaches 0. Switching the conversion table.

<Recording Waveform Generation> When recording marks are recorded on the information storage medium (optical disk) 201, generally,
The following recording methods are employed: [Mark length recording method] A method in which "1" comes at the front end position and the rear terminal position of a recording mark.

[Recording method between marks] A recording mark whose center position coincides with the position of "1".

In the case of employing mark length recording, it is necessary to form a relatively long recording mark. In this case, if a large amount of light for recording is continuously irradiated on the information storage medium 10 for a certain period or more, only the rear portion of the mark is widened due to the heat storage effect of the light reflective recording film of the information storage medium 201, and the “raindrop” shape recording is performed. Marks are formed. In order to eliminate this adverse effect, when forming a long recording mark, measures such as dividing the recording laser drive signal into a plurality of recording pulses or changing the recording waveform of the recording laser in a step-like manner. Is adopted.

Recording / reproducing / erasing control waveform generating circuit 206
Inside, the above-described recording waveform is created according to the recording signal sent from the modulation circuit 207, and a drive signal having this recording waveform is sent to the semiconductor laser drive circuit 205.

Next, the flow of signals between blocks in the recording / reproducing apparatus will be summarized.

1) Input of raw signal to be recorded to information recording / reproducing device Information storage medium (optical disk) 20 in information recording / reproducing device
1 illustrates a configuration in an information recording / reproducing unit (physical system block) in which portions related to information recording and reproduction processing for the information unit 1 are combined. PC (personal computer) and EW
The recording signal d sent from a host computer such as S (Engineering Workstation)
The information is input into the information recording / reproducing unit (physical block) 101 via the / O interface 222.

2) Dividing process of recording signal d every 2048 bytes The data I / O interface 222 divides the recording signal d into 2048 bytes in a time-series manner.
After adding 0 or the like, scramble processing is performed. The resulting signal is sent to ECC encoder 208.

3) Creation of ECC Block The ECC encoder 208 collects 16 sets of signals obtained by scrambling the recording signal, creates a block of “172 bytes × 192 columns”, and then creates an inner code PI (internal code). Parity code) and outer code PO (external parity code)
Is added.

4) Interleaving Process The ECC encoder 208 thereafter performs an interleaving process for the outer code PO.

5) Signal Modulation Processing The modulation circuit 207 modulates the signal after the interleaving of the outer code PO and adds a synchronization code.

6) Recording Waveform Generation Processing A recording / reproduction / erase control waveform generation circuit 206 generates a recording waveform corresponding to the signal obtained as a result, and the recording waveform is sent to the laser drive circuit 205.

Information storage medium (DVD-RAM disk)
In 201, since the method of “mark length recording” is adopted, the rising timing of the recording pulse and the falling timing of the recording pulse coincide with the “1” timing of the modulated signal.

7) Recording process on information storage medium (optical disk) 10 The amount of laser light emitted from the optical head 202 and condensed on the recording film of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 changes intermittently. Recording marks are formed on the recording film of the storage medium (optical disk) 201.

FIG. 18 is a flowchart for explaining an example of the setting operation of the logical block number for a DVD-RAM disk or the like. This will be described with reference to FIG.

When the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is loaded on the turntable 221 (step ST13)
1), the control section 220 starts the rotation of the spindle motor 204 (step ST132).

After the rotation of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is started, laser emission of the optical head 202 is started (step ST133), and the focus servo loop of the objective lens in the optical head 202 is turned on (step ST134).

After the laser emission, the control unit 220 operates the feed motor 203 to move the optical head 202 to the lead-in area 607 of the rotating information storage medium (optical disk) 201 (step ST135). And the optical head 202
The track servo loop of the objective lens in is turned on (step ST136).

When the track servo is activated, the optical head 202 moves the L of the information storage medium (optical disc) 201
Control data Zone 655 in ead-in Area 607 (Fig. 9
(Refer to step ST137). this
Book type and Part vers in Control data Zone 655
By reproducing the ion 671, the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 which is currently rotationally driven can record on a medium (D
It is confirmed that the disc is a VD-RAM disc or a DVD-R disc (step ST138). Here, it is assumed that the medium 10 is a DVD-RAM disk.

The information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is a DV
If it is confirmed that the disc is a D-RAM disc,
From the control data zone 655, information on the optimal light amount (emission power and emission period or duty ratio of the semiconductor laser, etc.) during reproduction / recording / erasing is reproduced (step S).
T139).

Subsequently, the control unit 220 determines that there is no defect in the DVD-RAM disk 201 that is currently being rotationally driven, and converts the conversion table between physical sector numbers and logical sector numbers (FIG. 1).
1) (step ST140).

After the conversion table is created, the control unit 22
0 is the lead-in are of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201
A defect management area DMA1 / DMA2 663 in a 607 and a defect management area DMA3 in Lead-out Area 609
/ DMA4 691 is reproduced, and the defect distribution of the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 at that time is examined (step ST141).

If the defect distribution on the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is found by the defect distribution investigation, the control unit 220
Corrects the conversion table created as “no defect” in step ST140 according to the actual defect distribution (step ST142). Specifically, the logical sector number LSN corresponding to the physical sector number PSN is shifted in each of the sectors determined to be defective.

FIG. 19 is a flowchart for explaining an example of a defect processing operation (processing on the drive side) in a DVD-RAM disk or the like. Hereinafter, the flowchart of FIG. 19 will be described with reference to FIG. First, for example, for the MPU in the control unit 220, the head logical block number L of the information to be recorded on the medium (eg, DVD-RAM disk) 201 currently loaded in the drive is
The BN and the file size of the recording information are designated (step ST151).

Then, the MPU of the control unit 220 calculates the head logical sector number LSN of the information to be recorded from the specified head logical block number LBN (step ST1).
52). The head logical sector number LSN thus calculated
The logical sector number to be written to the information storage medium (optical disk) 201 is determined from the specified file size.

Next, the MPU of the control unit 220 is a DVD-RA
The recording information file is written to the designated address of the M disk 201, and a defect on the disk 201 is checked (step ST153).

If no defect is detected during the writing of the file, it means that the recording information file has been recorded in the predetermined logical sector number without any abnormality (ie, no error has occurred), and the recording process has been completed normally. Yes (step ST15
5).

On the other hand, if a defect is detected during file writing, a predetermined replacement process (for example, a linear replacement process (Linea
r Replacement Algorithm) is executed (step S
T156).

[0239] After this replacement process, newly detected defects are DMA1 / DMA266 in the Lead-in Area 607 of the disk.
3 and DMA3 / DMA4 69 in Lead-out Area 609
1 (see FIGS. 9 and 10) (step ST157). DMA1 / DMA2663 and DMA3 / DMA469 to the information storage medium (optical disk) 201
After the additional registration of 1, based on the registered contents of DMA1 / DMA2 663 and DMA3 / DMA4691, FIG.
The contents of the conversion table created in step ST140 are corrected (step ST158).

Next, in FIGS. 20 to 30, the File System
A description will be given of UDF, which is a kind of.

[A-1] UDF stands for Universal Disk Format (Universal Disk F).
abbreviation for "file management method" in a disk-shaped information storage medium. CD
-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW, DVD-Video, DV
D-ROM, DVD-R and DVD-RAM are "ISO9
660 "standardized UDF format is adopted.

The file management method is basically based on a hierarchical file system that has a root directory (Root Directory) as a parent and manages files in a tree shape. Here, the DVD-RAM standard (Fil
A description of the UDF format conforming to e-System Specifications will be given, but most of the description is consistent with the DVD-ROM standard.

[A-2] Outline of UDF [A-2-1] Contents of File Information Recorded on Information Storage Medium When information is recorded on an information storage medium, a group of information is expressed as “file data” (File Data). The recording is performed in units of file data. A unique file name is added to each file data to distinguish it from other file data. Grouping for a plurality of file data having common information contents facilitates file management and file search. The group for each of the multiple file data is called "Directory" or "Folder"
). A unique directory name (folder name) is added to each directory (folder). Furthermore, collect the multiple directories (folders),
It can be grouped in a higher-level directory (higher-level folder) as a group at a higher level. Here, the file data and the directory (folder) are collectively called a file.

When information is recorded, all information on the information content of the file data itself, the file name corresponding to the file data, and the storage location of the file data (under which directory to record) are all information. Record on a storage medium.

Also, * directory name (folder name) for each directory (folder), * position to which each directory (folder) belongs (position of parent upper directory (higher folder)),
All information relating to the information is also recorded on the information storage medium.

[A-2-2] Information Recording Format on Information Storage Medium The entire recording area on the information storage medium is divided into logical sectors having a minimum unit of 2048 bytes, and a logical sector number is linked to all logical sectors. Numbered. When information is recorded on the information storage medium, the information is recorded on a logical sector basis. The recording position on the information storage medium is managed by the logical sector number of the logical sector in which this information has been recorded.

As shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, the file structure (File Structure) 486 and the file data (File D)
ata) A logical sector in which information on 487 is recorded is also called a “logical block” and has a logical sector number (L
SN), a logical block number (LBN) is set. (The length of the logical block is 2 like the logical sector.
048 Bytes. [A-2-3] Example of Simplifying Hierarchical File System FIG. 22 shows an example of simplifying the hierarchical file system
(A). UNIX, MacOS, MS-DOS,
Most OS file management systems such as Windows have a tree-like hierarchical structure as shown in FIG.

One disk drive (for example, one H
When the DD is divided into a plurality of partitions, each partition unit is shown), and one root directory (Root Directory) 401 serving as a parent of the whole is provided for each partition.
Exists, and a subdirectory (SubDirector
y) 402 belongs. In this SubDirectory 402
File Data 403 exists.

Actually, the present invention is not limited to this example.
File Data 403 exists directly below 401, or multiple
In some cases, SubDirectory 402 has a complicated hierarchical structure connected in series.

[A-2-4] Recorded contents of file management information on information storage medium File management information is recorded in the above-described logical block units. The contents recorded in each logical block are mainly a description sentence indicating file information FID (File Identifier Descriptor)… File type and file name (Root Directory)
Name, SubDirectory name, File Data name, etc.).

… File Data following in FID
Descriptive text indicating the data contents of the directory and the contents of the directory (that is, F
The recording position of E) is also described.

* A descriptive sentence indicating the recording position of the file contents
FE (File Entry; FileEntry)… Data contents of File Data and Directory (SubDirec)
Tory) describes the position (logical block number) on the information storage medium where information on the contents is recorded.

An excerpt of the description content of the File Identifier Descriptor is shown in FIG. 27 (described later). The details will be described in “[B-4] File Identifier Descriptor”. An excerpt of the description contents of the File Entry is shown in FIG. 26 (described later), and its detailed description is described in “[B-3] File Entr.
y ".

Next, a description sentence indicating a recording position on the information storage medium is a long allocation descriptor (Long Allocation Descriptor) shown in FIG. 23 and a short allocation descriptor (Short Allocation Descriptor) shown in FIG.
Allocation Descriptor). The detailed description of each is described in “[B-1-2] Long Allocation Descripto
r "and" [B-1-3] Short Allocation Descriptor ".

As an example, FIG. 22B shows the recorded contents when the information of the file system structure shown in FIG. 22A is recorded on the information storage medium. The recorded contents in FIG. 22B are as follows. -Root Direc is assigned to the logical block with logical block number "1".
The contents of the tory 401 are shown.

In the example of FIG. 22A, Root Director
y Since only Sub Directory 402 is included in 401, Sub Directory
File Identifier Descriptor statement with information about 402
404. Although not shown, the information of the Root Directory 401 itself is also stored in the same logical block.
Listed in the ntifier Descriptor statement.

… File Ide of this Sub Directory 402
Sub Directory 402 in ntifier Descriptor statement 404
The recording position (the second logical block in the example of FIG. 22B) of the File Entry statement 405 indicating where the contents are recorded is described (LAD (2)) by the Long Allocation Descriptor statement.・ Sub Direct to the logical block with logical block number “2”
File Entr indicating the location where the contents of ory 402 are recorded
y Sentence 405 is recorded.

In the example of FIG. 22A, the Sub Directory
Since only File Data 403 is included in 402, S
The contents of ub Directory 402 are essentially FileData
File Identifier containing information about 403
This indicates the recording position of the Descriptor sentence 406.

[0259] Short Allocation in File Entry statement
SubDirector in the third logical block in the Descriptor statement
It describes that the contents of y 402 are recorded (AD (3)).・ Sub Direct to logical block with logical block number “3”
The contents of ory 402 are recorded.

In the example of FIG. 22A, the Sub Directory
Since only File Data 403 is included in 402, S
Information on File Data 403 is described in File Identifier Descriptor sentence 406 as the contents of ub Directory 402. Although not shown, the information of Sub Directory 402 itself is also stored in the same logical block as File Identifier D.
Listed in escriptor statement.

File Identi relating to File Data 403
The File Data 403 in the fier Descriptor statement 406
FileEntry indicating where the contents of the file are recorded
The recording position of sentence 407 (recorded in the fourth logical block in the example of FIG. 22B) is Long Allocation
Described in the Descriptor statement (LAD (4)).・ File Data is stored in the logical block with logical block number “4”.
403 F indicating the position where contents 408 and 409 are recorded
The ile Entry statement 407 is recorded.

[0262] Short Al in File Entry statement 407
File Data 403 content 40 in location Descriptor statement
It is described that ADs 8 and 409 are recorded in the fifth and sixth logical blocks (AD (5), AD (6)).・ File Data is stored in the logical block of logical block number “5”.
403 Content information (a) 408 is recorded.・ File Data is stored in the logical block with logical block number “6”.
403 Content information (b) 409 is recorded. [A-2-5] File Data according to FIG. 22 (b) information
As described briefly in “[A-2-4] Recorded contents of file system information on information storage medium”, File Identifie
r Descriptor 404, 406 and File Entry 405,
Reference numeral 407 describes a logical block number in which information subsequent thereto is described. File Identifier Descriptor and F, just like reaching File Data via SubDirectory while descending the hierarchy from Root Directory
According to the logical block number described in the ile entry, the data contents of the file data are accessed while sequentially reproducing the information in the logical blocks on the information storage medium.

That is, for the information shown in FIG.
To access the File Data 403, first read the first logical block information. File Data 403 is Sub
Because it exists in Directory 402, the File Id of SubDirectory 402 is extracted from the first logical block information.
After searching for the entifier descriptor 404 and reading the LAD (2), the second logical block information is read accordingly. Since only one File Entry statement is described in the second logical block, AD (3) in it is read and 3
Move to the next logical block. In the third logical block, File Ident described for File Data 403
Look for ifier Descriptor 406 and read LAD (4).
When moving to the fourth logical block according to LAD (4), since only one File Entry statement 407 is described there, AD (5) and AD (6) are read, and the contents of File Data 403 are recorded. Logical block numbers (fifth and sixth) are found.

The contents of AD (*) and LAD (*) will be described in detail in "[B] Specific description of each description sentence (Descriptor) of UDF". [A-3] Features of UDF [A-3-1] Description of UDF features FAT used in HDD, FDD, MO, etc.
The features of the UDF will be described in comparison with the above. 1) It is suitable for recording video information and music information having a large minimum unit (such as a minimum logical block size and a minimum logical sector size) and a large amount of information to be recorded.

The logical sector size of the FAT is 512B
The logical sector (block) size of the UDF is as large as 2048 bytes with respect to the ytes. 2) In the FAT, an allocation management table (File AllocationTable) for assigning files to the information storage medium is recorded locally and centrally on the information storage medium. it can.

In the UDF, the recording position of the file management information and file data on the disk is described in the Allocation Descriptor as a logical sector (block) number.

* In the FAT, the file management area (File Al
The location table is centrally managed, so it is suitable for applications that require frequent changes in file structure (mainly frequent rewriting applications). (Because the management information is easily rewritten because it is recorded in a centralized location.) Also, the recording location of the file management information (File Allocation Table) is determined in advance, so it is assumed that the recording medium has high reliability (the number of defective areas is small). Becomes

* In UDF, file management information is distributed and arranged, so there is little significant change in the file structure.
The lower part of the hierarchy (primarily below the Root Directory)
This is suitable for a use in which a new file structure is added later (mainly a use for appending). (At the time of appending, there are few changed parts with respect to the previous file management information.) Further, since the recording position of the distributed file management information can be arbitrarily specified, it is possible to record while avoiding a congenital defective part.

Since the file management information can be recorded at an arbitrary position, all the file management information can be collected and recorded in one place, and the advantage of the FAT can be obtained. [B] Specific description of each description (Descriptor) of UDF [B-1] Description of logical block number [B-1-1] Allocation Descriptor "[A-2-4] File on information storage medium File Identifier Descri as shown in "System Information Record Contents"
A description sentence that is included in a part such as ptor or File Entry and indicates the position (logical block number) where the following information is recorded is called Allocation Descriptor. Alloca
The Action Descriptor contains the following Long Allocation Desc
There are riptor and Short Allocation Descriptor. [B-1-2] Long Allocation Descriptor As shown in Fig. 23-Length of Extent (Extent) 410 ... The number of logical blocks is displayed in 4Bytes-Extent position 411 ... The corresponding logical block number is displayed in 4Bytes-Implement Implementation (Implementation Use) 4
12 ... Information used for arithmetic processing, composed of 8 bytes and other information. In the description here, the description is simplified and described as “LAD (logical block number)”. [B-1-3] Short Allocation Descriptor As shown in FIG. 24, the length of Extent 410 ... the number of logical blocks is 4 bytes.
-Extent position 411 ... The corresponding logical block number is composed of only 4 bytes. In the description here, the description is simplified and described as “AD (logical block number)”. [B-2] Unlocated space entry (Unal
located Space Entry) As shown in FIG. 25, “E in an unrecorded state” on the information storage medium.
Short Allocation Descripto for each extent
r is a description sentence that describes them in a SpaceTable (Figure 2).
0, see FIG. 21). Specific contents are: Descriptor Tag 413… Indicates the identifier of the description content,
In this case, "263" · ICB Tag 414 ... indicating the file type File Type = 1 in the ICB Tag is Unallocated Space
Entry means File Type = 4 is Directory,
File Type = 5 represents File Data.・ Allocation Descriptors Total length 415… 4Bytes
Indicates the total number of Bytes. [B-3] File Entry A description sentence described in "[A-2-4] Contents of file system information recorded on information storage medium".

As shown in FIG. 26, Descriptor Tag 417 ...
Indicates the identifier of the description content, in this case "261".-ICB Tag 418 ... Indicates the file type.-The content is the same as [B-2].-Permissions (Permissions) 419 ... The recording, reproduction, and deletion permission information for each user. Show. It is mainly used to ensure file security.・ Allocation Descriptors 420… The location where the contents of the file are recorded is assigned to each Extent in Short Allocation
Descriptors are described side by side. [B-4] File Identifier Descriptor A description sentence describing file information as described in “[A-2-4] Recorded contents of file system information on information storage medium”. As shown in FIG. 27, Descriptor Tag 421 ... represents an identifier of the description content,
In this case, "257". File Characteristics 422… Indicates the type of the file. Parent Directory, Directory,
One of File Data and File Delete Flag.・ Information Control Block 4
23… FE position corresponding to this file is
Described in Long Allocation Descriptor.・ File Identifier 424… directory name or file name. Padding 437: A dummy area added to adjust the entire length of the File Identifier Descriptor, and normally all "0" are recorded. Is described.

[C] Example of file structure description recorded on information storage medium in accordance with UDF The contents shown in "[A-2] Outline of UDF" will be described in detail below using a specific example.

FIG. 28 shows an example of a more general file system structure than FIG. Direc in parentheses
Indicates the logical block number on the information storage medium in which information about the contents of the tory or the data content of the File Data is recorded.

An example in which the information of the file system structure shown in FIG. 28 is recorded on an information storage medium in accordance with the UDF format is shown in FIG. 20 and FIG.
e) Shown at 486.

As a method of managing an unrecorded position on the information storage medium, * Space Bitmap method: Space Bitmap Descriptor 470 is used. Flag "recorded" or "unrecorded". * Space table method: Using the description method of Unallocated Space Entry 471
All unrecorded logical block numbers are described as a list of Short AllocationDescriptor. There are two methods.

In the description of this embodiment, both methods are purposefully described in FIGS. 20 and 21 for the purpose of explanation, but actually both are used together (recorded on the information storage medium).
There are few things, only one of them is used.

The main Des described in FIG. 20 and FIG.
The outline of the contents of criptor is as follows.・ Beginning Extended Area Descriptor 445… Volume R
Indicates the start position of the ecognition sequence.・ Volume Structure Descriptor 446… Describing the description of Volume ・ Boot Descriptor 447… Describing the processing at the time of booting ・ Terminating Extended Area Descriptor 448… Volume
Indicates the end position of Recognition Sequence. ・ Partition Descriptor 450 ... Indicates partition information (such as size). 1 Volume for DVD-RAM
In principle, one partition (Partition) is used.-Logical Volume Descriptor 454 ... The contents of the logical volume are described.-Anchor Volume Descriptor Pointer 458 ... Main Volume Descriptor Sequenc in the information storage medium recording area.
It shows the recording position of e 449 and Main Volume Descriptor Sequence 467.・ Reserved (all 00h bytes) 459 to 465… specific
In order to secure a logical sector number for recording the Descriptor, an adjustment area in which all “0” s are recorded is provided between them.・ Reserve Volume Descriptor Sequence 467… Main
Volume Descriptor. Backup area of information recorded in Sequence 449 [D] Method of accessing file data at the time of reproduction Using the file system information shown in FIGS. 20 and 21, for example, data of File Data H 432 (see FIG. 28) An access processing method on the information storage medium for reproducing contents will be described. 1) The Volume Recognition Security is used as a boot area when the information recording / reproducing device is started or when the information storage medium is mounted
Play the information of Boot Descriptor 447 in quence 444 area. 2) The processing at the time of booting starts according to the description contents of Boot Descriptor 447. If there is no specified boot process, the main volume descriptor sequence first
Logical Volume Des
criptor) Play 454 information. 3) Logical Volume Contents Us in Logical Volume Descriptor 454
e) 455 is described, and the logical block number indicating the position where File Set Descriptor (File Set Descriptor) 472 is recorded is Long Allocation D
It is described in escriptor (FIG. 23) format. (FIG. 20,
In the example of FIG. 21, it is recorded in the 100th logical block from the LAD (100). 4) 100th logical block (3 in logical sector number)
72nd) to access the File Set Descriptor
Play 472. In Root Directory ICB473 in it
The location (logical block number) where the File Entry for Root Directory A 425 is recorded is Long Allocation
Descriptor (FIG. 23) format (FIG. 20,
In the example of FIG. 21, it is recorded in the 102nd logical block from the LAD (102)). Root Directory ICB 473
5) Access the 102nd logical block according to LAD (102) of Root Dir
Play File Entry 475 on ectory A 425, Roo
t Read the position (logical block number) where information about the contents of Directory A 425 is recorded (AD (10
3)). 6) Access the 103rd logical block and set Root Dir
Play information about the contents of ectory A 425.

File Data H 432 is Directory D 42
Since it exists under the 8 series, search for the File Identifier Descriptor for Directory D 428,
Logical block number in which File Entry for yD 428 is recorded (not shown in FIGS. 20 and 21 but LA
D (110)). 7) Access the 110th logical block,
Play File Entry 480 for yD428
The position (logical block number) where the information on the contents of tory D 428 is recorded is read (AD (11
1)). 8) Access the 111th logical block, and
y Play information about the contents of D428.

File Data H 432 is SubDirectory F 4
30 directly below the subdirectory F 43
Find the File Identifier Descriptor for 0
The logical block number (LAD (112), not shown in FIGS. 20 and 21) in which File Entry for Directory F 430 is recorded is read. 9) Access the 112nd logical block and use SubDirec
Play File Entry 482 for tory F 430,
Read the position (logical block number) where the information about the contents of SubDirectory F 430 is recorded (AD
(113)). 10) Access the 113rd logical block and use SubDir
Play information about the contents of the ectory F 430 and select File
File Identifier Descriptor for Data H432
Search for And from there F about File Data H432
Logical block number recorded in ile Entry (Fig. 2
0, LAD (114), not shown in FIG. 21, is read. 11) The 114th logical block is accessed and File D
Play File Entry 484 about ata H432 and File
Read the position where the data content 489 of Data H432 is recorded. 12) Information is reproduced from the information storage medium in the order of the logical block numbers described in the File Entry 484 regarding the File Data H432, and the data content of the File Data H432 is read.
Read 89.

[E] Method of Changing Specific File Data Contents A processing method including access when changing the data contents of, for example, File Data H 432 using the file system information shown in FIGS. 20 and 21 will be described. . 1) Calculate the capacity difference of the data contents before and after the change of File Data H432, divide the value by 2048 Bytes, and add or use no more logical blocks to record the changed data. Is calculated in advance. 2) A Volume Recognition Sequence is used as a boot area when the information recording / reproducing device is started or when the information storage medium is mounted.
Play the information of Boot Descriptor 447 in quence 444 area. Processing at the time of booting starts according to the description contents of the Boot Descriptor 447. If there is no specified boot process 3) First, the Partition Descriptor 450 in the Main Volume Descriptor Sequence 449 area is reproduced, and the information of the Partition Contents Use 451 described therein is read. This Partition Contents Use 451 (Part
Space T
The record position of able or Space Bitmap is indicated.・ Space Table position is Unallocated Space Table 452
Is described in the format of Short AllocationDescriptor. (AD (50) in the examples of FIGS. 20 and 21).・ Space Bitmap position is Unallocated Space Bitmap 453
Is described in the format of Short Allocation Descriptor. (AD (0) in the examples of FIGS. 20 and 21) 4) Access is made to the logical block number (0) in which the Space Bitmap read in 3) is described. Space Bitmap D
The Space Bitmap information is read from the escriptor 470, the unrecorded logical block is searched, and the use of the logical block corresponding to the calculation result of 1) is registered (Space Bitmap Descriptor 4
60 information rewriting process). Or 4 ') Access the logical block number (50) described in the Space Table read in 3). Space Table
USE (AD (*), AD (*),..., AD (*)) 471 is searched for an unrecorded logical block, and the use of the logical block corresponding to the calculation result of 1) is registered.

(Space Table Information Rewriting Process) * In the actual process, either one of “4)” and “4 ′)” is performed. 5) Next, the information of the Logical Volume Descriptor 454 in the Main Volume Descriptor Sequence 449 area is reproduced. 6) Logical V in Logical Volume Descriptor 454
olume Contents Use 455 is described, and Fil
The logical block number indicating the position where e Set Descriptor 472 is recorded is Long Allocation Descriptor (Fig. 2).
3) It is described in the format. (In the example of FIGS. 20 and 21, L
It is recorded in the 100th logical block from AD (100). 7) 100th logical block (4 in logical sector number)
00th) and File Set Descriptor
Play 472. In Root Directory ICB473 in it
The location (logical block number) where the File Entry for Root Directory A 425 is recorded is Long Allocation
Descriptor (FIG. 22) format (FIG. 20,
In the example of FIG. 21, it is recorded in the 102nd logical block from the LAD (102)). 8) Access the 102nd logical block according to the LAD (102) of the Root Directory ICB 473, and
Play File Entry 475 on ectory A 425, Roo
t Read the position (logical block number) where information about the contents of Directory A 425 is recorded (AD (10
3)). 9) Access the 103rd logical block and set Root Dir
Regenerate information about the contents of the ectory A 425.

File Data H 432 is Directory D 42
Since it exists under the 8 series, search for the File Identifier Descriptor for Directory D 428,
Logical block number in which File Entry for yD 428 is recorded (not shown in FIGS. 20 and 21 but LA
D (110)). 10) Access the 110th logical block and use Direct
Play File Entry 480 for ory D 428, Dir
The position (logical block number) where the information on the contents of the sector D 428 is recorded is read (AD (11
1)). 11) Access the 111th logical block and use Direct
Plays information about the contents of ory D 428.

File Data H 432 is SubDirectory F 4
30 directly below the subdirectory F 43
Find the File Identifier Descriptor for 0
The logical block number (LAD (112), not shown in FIGS. 20 and 21) in which File Entry for Directory F 430 is recorded is read. 12) Access the 112nd logical block and use SubDir
The file entry 482 relating to the sector F 430 is reproduced, and the position (logical block number) where the information about the contents of the SubDirectory F 430 is recorded (A
D (113)). 13) Access the 113th logical block and use SubDir
Play information about the contents of the ectory F 430 and select File
File Identifier Descriptor for Data H432
Search for And from there F about File Data H432
Logical block number recorded in ile Entry (Fig. 2
0, LAD (114), not shown in FIG. 21, is read. 14) The 114th logical block is accessed, and File D is accessed.
Play File Entry 484 about ata H432 and File Da
Read the position where the data content 489 of taH432 is recorded. 15) Data contents of FileData H 432 after change taking into account the logical block number additionally registered in 4) or 4 ')
Record 9.

[F] Specific File Data / Directory Erase Processing Method As an example, File Data H432 or SubDirectory F
430 will be described. Boot when the information recording / reproducing device is started or when the information storage medium is attached
t) Play the information of Boot Descriptor 447 in the Volume Recognition Sequence 444 area as the area. Boo
t Boot according to the description of Descriptor 447 (Boot
) Time processing begins. If there is no specified boot process, start with Main Volume Descriptor Sequ
Logical Volume Descriptor 454 in the ence 449 area
Play the information of. 3) Logical V in Logical Volume Descriptor 454
olume Contents Use 455 is described, and Fil
The logical block number indicating the position where e Set Descriptor 472 is recorded is Long Allocation Descriptor (Fig. 2).
3) It is described in the format. (In the example of FIGS. 20 and 21, L
It is recorded in the 100th logical block from AD (100). 4) 100th logical block (4 in the logical sector number)
00th) and File Set Descriptor
Play 472. In Root Directory ICB473 in it
The location (logical block number) where the File Entry for Root Directory A 425 is recorded is Long Allocation
Descriptor (FIG. 23) format (FIG. 20,
In the example of FIG. 21, it is recorded in the 102nd logical block from the LAD (102)). 5) Access the 102nd logical block according to the LAD (102) of the Root Directory ICB 473.
Play File Entry 475 on ectory A 425, Roo
t Read the position (logical block number) where information about the contents of Directory A 425 is recorded (AD (10
3)). 6) Access the 103rd logical block and set Root Dir
Play information about the contents of ectory A 425.

File Data H 432 is Directory D 42
Since it exists under the 8 series, search for the File Identifier Descriptor for Directory D 428,
Logical block number in which File Entry for yD 428 is recorded (not shown in FIGS. 20 and 21 but LA
D (110)). 7) Access the 110th logical block,
Play File Entry 480 for yD428
The position (logical block number) where the information on the contents of tory D 428 is recorded is read (AD (11
1)). 8) Access the 111th logical block, and
y Reproduce information about the contents of D428.

[0285] File Data H 432 is SubDirectory F 4
30 directly below the subdirectory F 43
Find the File Identifier Descriptor for 0. << When deleting SubDirectory F430 >> Sub
File Identifier Descr for Directory F430
"File deletion flag" is set in FileCharacteristics 422 (FIG. 27) in iptor.

File E related to SubDirectory F 430
ntry is recorded in the logical block number (FIG. 20, FIG. 2)
Although not shown in FIG. 1, LAD (112) is read.
9) Access the 112nd logical block and use SubDirec
Play File Entry 482 for tory F 430
Read the position (logical block number) where the information about the contents of bDirectory F 430 is recorded (AD (1
13)). 10) Access the 113rd logical block and use SubDir
ectory F 430 Reproduces information about the contents, File
Find the File Identifier Descriptor for Data H432. 《To delete File Data H432》 File Data
F in File Identifier Descriptor for H432
The “file deletion flag” is set in the ile Characteristics 422 (FIG. 27). From there File Data H 4
The logical block number in which the File Entry for 32 is recorded (not shown in FIGS.
Read 4)). 11) The 114th logical block is accessed and File D
Play File Entry 484 about ata H432 and File
Read the position where the data content 489 of Data H432 is recorded. << When erasing File Data H 432 >> The logical block in which the data content 489 of File Data H 432 is recorded is released by the following method (the logical block is registered in an unrecorded state). 12) Next, the Partition Descriptor 450 in the Main Volume Descriptor Sequence 449 area is reproduced, and the information of Partition Contents Use 451 described therein is read. This Partition Contents Use 451 (Partit
Space Ta inside ion head -er Descriptor)
The recording position of ble or Space Bitmap is indicated.・ Space Table position is Unallocated Space Table 452
Is described in the format of Short AllocationDescriptor. (AD (50) in the example of FIG. 20 and FIG. 21) ・ Space Bitmap position is Unallocated Space Bitmap 453
Is described in the format of Short Allocation Descriptor. (AD (0) in the example of FIG. 20 and FIG. 21) "The SpaceBitmap
Rewrite to Descriptor 470. Or 13 ') Access the logical block number (50) described in the Space Table read in 12), and enter the "logical block number to be released" obtained as a result of 11) in Space Tabl.
Rewrite to e. * In the actual processing, either “13)” or “13 ′)” is performed. << When erasing File Data H432 >> 12) Follow the same steps as 10) to 11) to perform File Data
The position where the data content 490 of I 433 is recorded is read. 13) Next, the Partition Descriptor 450 in the Main Volume Descriptor Sequence 449 area is reproduced, and the information of Partition Contents Use 451 described therein is read. This Partition Contents Use 451 (Partit
Space Table in the “Ion Header Descriptor”
Or the recording position of Space Bitmap is shown.・ Space Table position is Unallocated Space Table 452
Is described in the format of Short AllocationDescriptor. (AD (50) in the example of FIG. 20 and FIG. 21) ・ Space Bitmap position is Unallocated Space Bitmap 453
Is described in the format of Short Allocation Descriptor. (AD (0) in the example of FIGS. 20 and 21) 14) Access the logical block number (0) in which the Space Bitmap read in 13) is described, and 11) and 1
Sp the “logical block number to be released” obtained as a result of 2)
Rewrite to ace Bitmap Descriptor 470. Or, access the logical block number (50) described in the Space Table read in 14 ') 13), and 11) and 1
Sp the “logical block number to be released” obtained as a result of 2)
Rewrite to ace Table. * In the actual processing, either “14)” or “14 ′)” is performed.

[G] Addition processing of file data / directory An access / addition processing method at the time of adding new file data or directory under the Sub Directory F 430 will be described as an example. 1) When adding file data, check the capacity of the content of the file data to be added, divide the value by 2048 bytes, and calculate the number of logical blocks necessary for adding the file data. 2) A Volume Recognition Sequence is used as a boot area when the information recording / reproducing device is started or when the information storage medium is mounted.
Play the information of Boot Descriptor 447 in quence 444 area. Processing at the time of booting starts according to the description contents of the Boot Descriptor 447. If there is no specified boot process 3) First, the Partition Descriptor 450 in the Main Volume Descriptor Sequence 449 area is reproduced, and the information of the Partition Contents Use 451 described therein is read. This Partition Contents Use 451 (Partit
Space Table in the “Ion Header Descriptor”
Or the recording position of Space Bitmap is shown.・ Space Table position is Unallocated Space Table 452
Is described in the format of Short AllocationDescriptor. (AD (50) in the example of FIG. 20 and FIG. 21) ・ Space Bitmap position is Unallocated Space Bitmap 453
Is described in the format of Short Allocation Descriptor. (AD (0) in the example of FIGS. 20 and 21) 4) Access to the logical block number (0) in which the Space Bitmap read in 3) is described. Space Bitmap D
The Space Bitmap information is read from the escriptor 470, the unrecorded logical block is searched, and the use of the logical block corresponding to the calculation result of 1) is registered (the processing of rewriting the Space Bitmap Descriptor 460 information). Or 4 ') Access the logical block number (50) described in the Space Table read in 3). Space Table
USE (AD (*), AD (*),..., AD (*)) 471 is searched for an unrecorded logical block, and the use of the logical block corresponding to the calculation result of 1) is registered.

(Space Table Information Rewriting Process) * In the actual process, either one of “4)” and “4 ′)” is performed. 5) Next, the information of the Logical Volume Descriptor 454 in the Main Volume Descriptor Sequence 449 area is reproduced. 6) Logical V in Logical Volume Descriptor 454
olume Contents Use 455 is described, and Fil
The logical block number indicating the position where e Set Descriptor 472 is recorded is Long Allocation Descriptor (Fig. 2).
3) It is described in the format. (In the example of FIGS. 20 and 21, L
It is recorded in the 100th logical block from AD (100). 7) 100th logical block (4 in logical sector number)
00th) and File Set Descriptor
Play 472. In Root Directory ICB473 in it
The location (logical block number) where the File Entry for Root Directory A 425 is recorded is Long Allocation
Descriptor (FIG. 23) format (FIG. 20,
In the example of FIG. 21, it is recorded in the 102nd logical block from the LAD (102)). 8) Access the 102nd logical block according to the LAD (102) of the Root Directory ICB 473, and
Play File Entry 475 on ectory A 425, Roo
t Read the position (logical block number) where information about the contents of Directory A 425 is recorded (AD (10
3)). 9) Access the 103rd logical block and set Root Dir
Play information about the contents of ectory A 425.

File Iden for Directory D 428
Search for the tifier descriptor and read the logical block number (LAD (110) not shown in FIGS. 20 and 21) in which the File Entry relating to Directory D 428 is recorded. 10) Access the 110th logical block and use Direct
Play File Entry 480 for ory D 428, Dir
The position (logical block number) where the information on the contents of the sector D 428 is recorded is read (AD (11
1)). 11) Access the 111th logical block and use Direct
Plays information about the contents of ory D 428.

File for Sub Directory F 430
Look for the Identifier Descriptor,
The logical block number in which the File Entry relating to 430 is recorded (not shown in FIGS.
(112)) is read. 12) Access the 112nd logical block and set Sub D
The file entry 482 relating to the irectory F 430 is reproduced, and the position (logical block number) where the information about the contents of the sub directory F 430 is recorded is read (AD (113)). 13) Access the 113rd logical block and set Sub D
File data or directory File I to be newly added to the information on the contents of irectory F430
Register dentifier Descriptor. 14) The logical block number position registered in 4) or 4 ') is accessed, and a File Entry relating to newly added file data or directory is recorded. 15) Short Allocation De in File Entry of 14)
Parent Direct about the directory to be accessed by accessing the logical block number position indicated in the scriptor
Record the contents of the ory File Identifier Descriptor or the file data to be added.

The recording information content (data structure) of the information recorded on the information storage medium (optical disk 1001) capable of recording and reproducing video information and music information shown in FIG. 29A is also referred to FIGS. This will be described below.

FIG. 29 shows a schematic data structure of information recorded on an information storage medium (Optical Disk 1001).
As shown in (b), in order from the inner side (Inner Side 1006), an embossed data zone with a light-reflecting surface with an uneven shape and a mirror zone with a flat (mirror) surface Rewritable data zone where information can be rewritten
e) Lead-in Area 1002 with
Rewritable d that can be recorded and rewritten by the user
Volume & File Management Information (Volume & File Manager) that is recorded in the ata Zone and records information about the audio and video data file or the entire volume.
r Information) 1003 Data area consisting of a Rewritable data Zone that can be recorded and rewritten by the user. 1004 Rewritab that can rewrite information.
le data Zone (Lead-out area)
-out Area) 1005.

Embossed data Zon of Lead-in Area 1002
e includes information about the entire information storage medium, such as a disk type such as DVD-ROM / -RAM / -R, a disk size, a recording density, and a physical sector number indicating a recording start / end position; and a recording power and a recording pulse. Information on recording / reproducing / erasing characteristics such as width, erasing power, reproducing power, and linear velocity at the time of recording / erasing; information on manufacturing of one information storage medium such as a serial number is recorded in advance; -in Area 1002
Rewritable data Zone and Lead-out Area 1005 R
Each ewritable data zone has a unique disk name recording area for each information storage medium, a test recording area (for confirming recording erasure conditions), and a management information recording area for a defective area in the data area 1004. Recording to the area by the information recording / reproducing device is enabled.

[0294] Lead-in Area 1002 and Lead-out Area 100
As shown in FIG. 29 (c), mixed recording of Computer Data and Audio & Video Data is possible in the Data Area 1004 sandwiched between the five. Computer Data and Audi
o The recording order of the & Video Data and the size of each recording information are arbitrary.
Named ideo Data Area 1009.

[0295] The data structure of the information recorded in the Audio & Video Data Area 1009 is as shown in Fig. 29D.-Anchor pointer control information for control information (Anchor Pointer for Control Informatio)
n) 1015: Information indicating the start position (start address) where Control Information 1011 in Audio & Video Data Area 1009 is located at the first position in Audio & Video Data Area 1009. Control Infor
mation) 1011: Control information required when performing each processing of recording (recording), playback, editing, and retrieval. ・ Video Objects (Video Objects) 1012: Vid
eo Data Recording information of Contents, ・ Picture Objects 1013
: Still image information such as Still image, Slide image, etc. ・ Audio Objects (Audio Objects) 1014:
Audio Data Recording information of Contents, Thumbnail Objects 101
6: It consists of information such as thumbnails used when searching for a desired place in Video Data or editing.

The Video Objects 1012 and Pi shown in FIG.
cture Objects 1013, Audio Objects 1014, Thumbna
The il Objects 1016 means a group of information classified for each content (data content). Therefore, all video information recorded in Audio & Video Data Area 1009 is included in Video Objects 1012,
All still image information is included in Picture Objects 1013, all audio / audio information is included in Audio Objects 1014, and all thumbnail information used for management / search of video information is included in Thumbnail Objects 1016.

[0297] Note that the VOB (Video Ob
ject) 1403 indicates a chunk (unit) of information recorded in the AV file 1401,
It has a different definition than ideo Objects 1012. Note that similar terms are used, but with completely different meanings.

The contents of the Control Information 1011 are as follows:
V Data Control Information) 1101: Video Objects
1012 manages the data structure in the disk, manages information on the recording position on the Optical Disk 1001 as an information storage medium,
yback Control Information) 1021: Control information necessary for playback, ・ Recording control information (R
ecording Control Information) 1022: Control information required for recording (recording) ・ Edit control information (Edit
Control Information) 1023: Control information required for editing, Thumbnail control information (Thumb
nail Control Information) 1024: Thumbnail for searching or editing the location you want to see in Video Data
Object), and the like.

The AV data shown in FIG.
The data structure in Control Information 1101 is: Allocation Map Table
ble) 1105: Information storage medium (Optical Disk 1001)
Information on address setting according to the actual arrangement above, identification of recorded / unrecorded areas, etc. ・ Video title set information (Video T
itle Set Information) 1106: As shown in FIG.
Shows the overall information content in VFile 1401; connection information between video objects (VOBs); time information such as grouping information of multiple VOBs for management and search, and time map table (Time Map Table); Video Object Control Information 1107: Each VOB in the AV File 1401 as shown in FIG.
Shows information related to each VOB, attribute (characteristic) information for each VOB, information about each VOBU in the VOB, • Program chain control information (PGC Control Information) 1103: Information about a video information reproduction program (sequence), • Cell playback information (Cell Playba
ck Information) 1108: Information on the data structure of the video information basic unit at the time of reproduction.

The contents up to FIG. 29 (f) are outlined above, but a brief supplementary explanation is given below for each piece of information. Volume & File Manager Information 1003 contains information on the entire Volume, the number of PC data files included, the number of files related to AV data,
Information on recording layer information and the like is recorded. In particular, as recording layer information:-Number of constituent layers (Example: One RAM / ROM two-layer disc is counted as two layers, one ROM two-layer disc is counted as two layers, and one single-sided disc is counted as n layers).-Allocated for each layer Logical sector number range table (capacity for each layer),
-Characteristics for each layer (eg: DVD-RAM disk, RAM section of RAM / ROM dual layer disk, CD-R
OM, CD-R, etc.) ・ RAM for each layer
Logical sector number range table (including rewritable area capacity information for each layer) for each zone in each area,-Unique ID information for each layer (... to find disk replacement in multiple disk packs) ) Are recorded, and continuous logical sector numbers are set for multiple disc packs and RAM / ROM double-layer discs to
It can be handled as a large Volume space.

[0301] Playback Control Information 1021 includes information on a playback sequence integrating PGCs,
・ In connection with the above, the information storage medium is VTR or DVC
Information indicating a pseudo recording position assuming a single tape (sequence for continuously reproducing all recorded cells), information on simultaneous playback of multiple screens with different video information, search information (... A table of Cell ID corresponding to each search category and a start time in the Cell is recorded, and information that allows a user to select a category and directly access the corresponding video information) is recorded. Also Recording Control
Information 1022 records program reservation recording information. Further Edi
t Control Information 1023:-Special edit information for each PGC unit (... the corresponding time setting information and special edit contents are described as EDL information)-File conversion information (... A specific part in the AV file That can be specially edited on a PC, converted into a file, and the storage location of the converted file is specified). Also Thumbnail Co
ntrol Information 1024 contains management information about Thumbnail Objects 1016 (… Au
dio & Video Data Area 1009: VO associated with each thumbnail image recording location and each thumbnail image
B or Cell designation information, VOB or Cell location information related to each thumbnail image, etc. (VOB and Cell will be described in detail in the content explanation place in FIG. 30).

All information recorded in the data area 1004 of FIG. 29B is recorded in file units, and the relationship between the data files is managed by a directory structure as shown in FIG.

[0303] Under the root directory 1450, a plurality of sub directories 1451 are provided so that classification can be easily performed for each file content to be recorded. In the embodiment of FIG. 31, Computer Data Area 1008 of FIG.
Each data file related to Computer Data recorded in 1010 is a subdirectory 14 for saving Computer Data.
Recorded under Audio & Video Data Area 1009
Is recorded under the rewritable video title set RWV_TS1452. When the video information recorded on the DVDVideo disc is copied to FIG. 29A, it is copied under the video title set VIDEO_TS1455 and the audio title set AUDIO_TS1456.

The control information 101 shown in FIG.
1 Information is recorded as one file as recording / playback video management data. In the embodiment of FIG. 31, the file name is RWVIDEO_CONTROL.IFO. Further, the same information is recorded under the file name RWVIDEO_CONTROL.BUP for backup. This RWVIDEO_CONTROL.IFO
RWVIDEO_CONTROL.BUP 2 files are handled as conventional computer files.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 31, V in FIG.
All video information data belonging to ideo Objects 1012 is RWVID
Video Objects File 14 with file name EO.VOB
47. That is, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 30 (b), all video information data belonging to Video Objects 1012 of
et 1402), and the Video Objects Fi
le 1447 is continuously recorded in one file. (That is, PTT (Part_of_Title) 140
7 and 1408, they are all recorded together in one file without dividing the file. All the still image information data belonging to Picture Objects 1013 is a Picture Observer with the file name RWPICTURE.POB.
jects File 1448. Pictur
The e Objects 1013 includes a plurality of pieces of still image information. Although the digital camera employs a recording format in which each still image is recorded as a separate file, the present embodiment differs from the recording format of the digital camera in that a plurality of still images included in Picture Objects 1013 are included. Connect all the images continuously in the same format as in Fig. 30, and
One Picture Object with the file name ICTURE.POB
The feature of the embodiment of the present invention resides in that the information is collectively recorded in the s File 1448.

[0306] Similarly, all audio information belonging to Audio Objects 1014 is also stored in one Audi file with the file name RWAUDIO.AOB.
o Collected in the Objects File 1449,
All thumbnail information belonging to bnail Objects 1016 is also RWTH
Thumbnail Objects File 14 named UMBNAIL.TOB
58 are collectively recorded.

[0307] Video Objects File 1447, Pict
ure Objects File 1448, Audio Objects File 14
49, Thumbnail Objects File 1458 is all AV
Handled as File 1401.

Although not shown in FIG. 29, recording / reproducing additional information 1454 that can be used at the time of video recording / reproduction can be simultaneously recorded, and the information is collectively recorded as one file. In the format, the file name is RWADD.DAT.

FIG. 30 shows the data structure in the AV File. As shown in FIG. 30B, the AV File 140
One set constitutes one PGS (Program Set) 1402. PGS (Program Set) 1402 contains the contents of Audio & Video Data and AV File 14
01, a plurality of VOBs (Video Objects) 1403, 1404 separated according to the order of the information recorded in the
It consists of 1405 gatherings.

The VOB (Video Object) shown in FIG.
) 1403, 1404, and 1405 are AV File 1
It is defined as a group of Audio & Video Data recorded in 401, and is different from Video Objects 1012 shown in FIG. 29 (d) which has strong classification item colors such as video information / still image information / audio information / thumbnail information. Has defined content. Therefore, the VOB (Vide
o Object) 1403, 1404, 1405
Not only the information classified into eo Objects 1012 is recorded, but also Picture Objects 1013 as shown in FIG.
Information classified as Audio Objects 1014 and Thumbnail Objects 1016 is also recorded.

Each VOB 1403, 1404, 1405
Grouping is performed for each relevant VOB based on the information contents (contents) recorded in the group, and PGs (Programs) 1407 and 1408 are grouped for each group. That is, PG 1407, 14
08 is configured as an aggregate of one or a plurality of VOBs. In the embodiment shown in FIG.
04 and VOB 1405 with two VOBs, PG (
Program) 1408 is composed, and PG (Program) 1
407 is composed of only one VOB.

The minimum basic unit of video information is VOBU (Vi
deo Object Unit) 1411-1414, VOB 1403
The data in 〜 1405 are as shown in FIG.
It is configured as an aggregate of VOBUs 1411 to 1414. Vi
MPEG1 for video information compression technology with deo Object 1012
Alternatively, MPEG2 is often used. MP
In the EG, the video information is
The video information is compressed in GOP units. VOBU (Video Object Unit) with the same size as this GOP and synchronized with the GOP
) 1411 to 1414 are formed as video information compression units.

The VOBUs 1411 to 1414 are recorded by being divided into Sectors 1431 to 1437 in units of 2048 bytes. Each of the Sectors 1431 to 1437 is recorded in the form of a Pack structure, and raw video information, sub-video information, audio information, and dummy information are stored in each V_PCK (Video Pack) 1421, 1425, 1426, 142 for each Pack.
7, SP_PCK (Sub-picture Pack) 1422, A_PC
K (Audio Pack) 1423, DM_PCK (Dummy Pack
It is recorded in the form of a pack called 1424). At the top of each pack (Pack) is a 14-byte pack header (Pa)
ck Header), the amount of information recorded in each Pack is 2034 Bytes.

Here, DM_PCK (Dummy Pack) 1424
・ ・ For post-addition of postscript information after recording (…
Insert memo information to be exchanged with Dummy Pack in udio Pack into sub-picture information (in Sub-picture Pack) and
ummy Pack), etc.).

The information storage medium (Opt) shown in FIG.
The recording area of a DVD-RAM disk, which is an example of the ical disk 1001), is divided into a plurality of sectors. A data amount of 2048 Bytes can be recorded per sector. In this DVD-RAM disk, sectors (
Recording / playback is performed in units of 2048 bytes). Therefore, DVD-R as an information storage medium (Optical Disk 1001)
When an AM disk is used, each Pack is recorded in units of Sectors 1431 to 1437 as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIGS. 30B and 30D, the AV
All VOBs 1403 to 1405 in File 1401
VTS (Video Title Set) 14
02 is configured. Playback Contr
In the reproduction procedure described in ol Information 1021, it is possible to specify an arbitrary range in an arbitrary VOB and to reproduce in an arbitrary reproduction order. The basic unit of video information at the time of reproduction is cell (1441), 1442, 14
Call it 43. Cell 1441, 1442, 1443 is any VO
Any range within B can be specified.
Cannot be specified across OBs (one Ce
The range cannot be set by connecting multiple VOBs with 11).

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 30 (g), Cell
1441 is one VOBU in VOB 1403
1412 and Cell 1442 is one V
Specify the whole OB1404, Cell 1443 is
Specific pack in VOBU 1414 (V_PCK 1427)
Only the range is specified.

[0318] Information indicating a video information reproduction sequence is set by a PGC (Program Chain) 1446, and this reproduction sequence is described by designation of one cell or connection information of a plurality of cells. For example, in the embodiment of FIG.
gram Chain) 1446 is a combination of Cell 1441 and Cell 1442
The playback program is configured as a connection of Cell 1443. (Detailed description of the relationship between the Cell and the PGC will be described later.) Referring to FIG. 32 and FIG.
ck Control Information 1021 The contents will be described.

[0319] Playback Control Information 1021
PGC (Program Chain) Control Information
1103 has the data structure shown in FIG.
Determines the playback order. The PGC indicates a unit for executing a series of playbacks in which the playback order of the cells is specified. Cell
Indicates a reproduction section in which reproduction data in each VOB is specified by a start address and an end address as shown in FIG.

[0320] PGC Control Information
1103 is PGC information management information (PGC Information Manag
ement Information) 1052, one or more PGC information search pointers (Search Pointer of PGC Information) 1053
, 1054 and PGC Information 1055, 1056
, 1057.

[0321] PGC Information Management Information
1052 includes information indicating the number of PGCs (Number of PGC Informa
Option) is included. Search Pointer of PGC Informatio
n 1053 and 1054 point to the head of each PGC Information, and facilitate search. PGC Information 10
55, 1056, 1057 are PGC General Information 1061
And one or more Cell Playback Information 1062, 106
Consists of three. The PGC General Information 1061 includes information (Number of Cell Playba
ck Information).

As shown in FIG. 33, the playback data is set to Cell and Ce
It is specified in a playback section from ll-A to Cell-F, and PGC Information is defined in each PGC. (1) PGC # 1 shows an example composed of cells that specify continuous playback sections, and the playback order is Cell-A → Cell-B → Cell-C. (2) PGC # 2 shows an example composed of cells that specify intermittent playback sections, and the playback order is Cell-D → Cell-E → Cell-F. (3) PGC # 3 shows an example in which playback can be skipped regardless of the playback direction or overlapping playback, and the playback order is Cell-E → Cell-A → Cell-D → Cell-B
→ It becomes Cell-E.

FIG. 34 illustrates a method of setting a video information recording position when an unused area is set in an AV File on the recording / reproduction application software side according to the embodiment of the present invention. Assume that the state shown in FIG. When the LBN partially erases from D to E, the file size of the AV file does not change as shown in FIG. 34B because the unused area is included in the AV file # 1 in the embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, F
The ile entry remains unchanged at FE (AD (C)). Therefore, even when a new PC file is recorded, the PC file does not enter the unused area between the AV files # 1. Next, when additional recording of video information is performed by recording, the additional recording information enters the unused area of LBN from D to E, and changes to the additional recording area. As described above, according to the method of setting an unused area in an AV file according to the present invention, UD is used for partial erasure in a small amount and additional recording by recording.
There is no need to change the file system information of F, and processing on the file system becomes easy. Further, when video information to be recorded increases, the AV file size increases.
An unrecorded area whose LBN is in the range of B to C in FIG. 34C is absorbed into the video file # 1. While the extent of the video file in FIG. 34C is one AD (C), the extent of AD (A) is increased by one in FIG.
le Entry becomes FE (AD (C), AD (B)).

FIG. 35 shows the relationship between LBN and AV Address in an AV file according to the present invention. AV File 140
As shown in FIG. 35A, the information 1 is physically scattered and recorded on the information storage medium. Now AV File 14
01 is Extent # α 3166, Extent # γ 3168,
Extent # δ 3169 is distributed and recorded, and the entry order on File Entry is Extent # δ 3169, Extent # γ
3168, the case where Extent # α 3166 is set is considered. The AV Address managed by the recording / reproducing application 1 continuously connects the Extents registered in the File Entry irrespective of the recording position on the information storage medium.
The smaller AV Address value is set in the order of the entry on y. AV Address is managed by Extent. For example, Extent # γ 31
If the LBN value of the first sector is “c” as shown in FIG. 35A and the LBN value of the last sector is “d−1”, the AV Address value of the same sector is shown in FIG. b)
, "Fe" and "(fe) + (d
-C) -1 ".

XX, XX of the embodiment shown in FIG.
-PS, LBN / ODD, and LBN / ODD-PS, when a part of the AV file 1401 is deleted, the part becomes “unused VOB # A 3173”, and as shown in FIGS. 36 and 37 on the recording / reproducing application. Be managed. (Ie Fil
The Extent is not released (deleted) on e System 2. FIG. 36 shows a case where the central part of VOB # 1 has been deleted. FIG. 37 shows a management state when a VOB is deleted as shown in FIG. In other words, the number of VOB information, the number, type,
An example of the data size and the AV Address at the start position is shown. That is, the management content is rewritten as shown in the right column. Therefore, in the case of subsequent reproduction, erasure, and additional writing, address management is performed by referring to this management information.

The video information is different from the conventional computer information, and as shown in the tables of FIGS. 2 and 3, continuity at the time of recording is an essential condition. In the following, the reason why the continuity at the time of recording is obstructed and a method of guaranteeing the continuity at the time of recording will be described.

FIG. 38 is a conceptual diagram of a recording system for explaining continuity during recording.

The video information sent from the outside is temporarily stored in a buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM 219. When the optical head 202 reaches the recording position on the information storage medium 201 by the coarse access 1334 and the fine access 1333 operations, the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) B
The video information temporarily stored in the M219 is
Is recorded on the information storage medium 201 via the. Buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM219 to optical head 2
Here, the transfer rate of the video information to be transmitted to 02 is a physical transfer rate (PTR) 1
387. The average value of the transfer rate of the video information transferred from the outside to the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM 219 is calculated as the system transfer rate (STR).
ssion Rate) 1388 as defined herein. Generally, the physical transfer rate PTR and the system transfer rate STR have different values.

In order to sequentially record video information at different locations on the information storage medium 201, an access operation for moving the converging spot position of the optical head 202 is required. For a large movement, coarse access 1334 for moving the entire optical head 202 is performed, and for a fine movement, a fine access 1333 for moving only the objective lens for condensing laser light (not shown) is performed.

FIGS. 39 and 40 show a buffer memory (FIG. 40) for sequentially recording video information at a predetermined position on the information storage medium 201 while controlling the access of the optical head 202 to the video information transferred from the outside. 5 shows a temporal transition of the amount of video information temporarily stored in the BM 219 (semiconductor memory). Generally, since the physical transfer rate PTR is faster than the system transfer rate STR, the amount of video information temporarily stored in the buffer memory 219 continues to decrease during the video information recording times 1393, 1397, and 1398. The amount of video information temporarily stored in the buffer memory 219 becomes “0”. At that time, the video information continuously transferred is not temporarily stored in the buffer memory 219, but is continuously recorded on the information storage medium 201 as it is, and the video information amount temporarily stored in the buffer memory 219. Changes in the state of “0”.

Next, when video information is recorded at another position on the information storage medium 201, access processing of the optical head 202 is performed prior to the recording operation. As shown in FIG. 40, the access period of the optical head 202 is a coarse access time 1348, 1376, and a fine access time 1
342 and 1343 and the rotation waiting time 1345 and 1346 of the information storage medium 201 are required. Since the recording process on the information storage medium 201 is not performed during this period, the physical transfer rate PTR 1387 during this period is substantially “0”. On the contrary, the average system transfer rate STR1388 of the video information sent from the outside to the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM219
Is kept unchanged, so that the video information temporary storage amount 1341 in the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM 219 keeps increasing.

When the access of the optical head 202 is completed, the recording process on the information storage medium 201 is started again (period of the video information recording time 1397, 1398) and the video information temporary storage amount in the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) BM 219 1341 decreases again. This decreasing gradient is determined by [average system transfer rate STR1332]-[physical transfer rate PTR1331].

Thereafter, when accessing the position near the recording position on the information storage medium again, only the fine access is possible, so that the fine access time 1363, 1364, 1
365, 1366 and rotation waiting time 1367, 1368,
Only 1369 and 1370 are required.

As described above, the condition for enabling continuous recording can be defined by “the upper limit of the number of accesses within a specific period”. Although the above description has been given of the continuous recording, the condition for enabling the continuous reproduction can be defined by the “upper limit value of the number of accesses within a specific period” for the same reason as described above.

An access count condition that makes continuous recording absolutely impossible will be described with reference to FIG. When the access frequency is the highest, the video information recording time 1 as shown in FIG.
393 is very short, and the fine access time 1363, 136
4, 1365, 1366 and rotation waiting time 1367, 13
Only 68, 1369, and 1370 continue. In this case, no matter how fast the physical transfer rate PTR 1387 is, it is impossible to ensure recording continuity. If the capacity of the buffer memory 219 is represented by BM, the temporarily stored video information in the buffer memory 219 becomes full during the period of BM ÷ STR, and the newly transferred video information is stored in the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) 219. Temporary storage becomes impossible. As a result, video information that has not been temporarily stored in the buffer memory (semiconductor memory) 219 cannot be continuously recorded.

As shown in FIG. 40, when the video information recording time and the access time are balanced and the temporarily stored video information in the buffer memory 219 is kept substantially constant on a global basis, the The continuity of video information recording viewed from the external system is secured without overflowing the temporarily stored video information. SA for each coarse access time
Ti (Seek Access Time of the objective lens), the average coarse access time after n times of access is SATa, and the video information recording time for each access is DWTi (Data Write Tim).
e) The average video information recording time for recording video information on the information storage medium after each access, which is obtained as an average value after n accesses, is DWTa. Also, the rotation wait time for each rotation is defined as MWTi (Spindle Motor Wait Time).
), And the average rotation waiting time after accessing n times is MWT
a.

The amount of video information data transferred from the outside to the buffer memory 219 during the entire access period when accessing n times is STR × (Σ (SATi + JATi + MWTi)) ≒ STR × n × (SATa + JATa + MWTa) ) (1) This value and the amount of video information transferred from the buffer memory 219 to the information storage medium 201 at the time of video information recording by accessing n times Between (PTR-STR) × nDWTa ≧ STR × nx
(SATa + JATa + MWTa) That is, (PTR-STR) × DWTa ≧ STR × (SA
Ta + JATa + MWTa) When the relationship (3) is satisfied, continuity at the time of recording video information viewed from the external system side is ensured. If the average time required for one access is Ta, then Ta = SATa + JATa + MWTa (4). Is transformed. The present invention is characterized in that the lower limit of the data size to be continuously recorded after one access is limited to reduce the average number of accesses. The data area to be continuously recorded on the information storage medium after one access is “C
ontiguous Data Area ". From equation (5), DWTa ≧ STR × Ta / (PTR−STR) (6). Contiguous Data Area Size CDA
Since S is obtained by CDAS = DWTa × PTR (7), from the equations (6) and (7), CDAS ≧ STR × PTR × Ta / (PTR−STR) (8) From Equation (8), Con for enabling continuous recording
The lower limit of the tiguous Data Area size can be specified.

The time required for coarse access and fine access greatly differs depending on the performance of the information recording / reproducing apparatus.

It is now assumed that SATa ≒ 200 ms (9). As described above, for example, MWTa ≒ 18m
s, JATa ≒ Use 5ms for calculation.

In a 2.6 GB DVD-RAM, TR = 11.08 Mbps (10). In the case where the average transfer rate of MPEG2 is STR ≒ 4 Mbps (11), CDAS ≧ 1.4 Mbits (12) is obtained by substituting the above values into the equation (8). If SATa + JATa + MWTa = 1.5 seconds (13) as another estimate, CDAS ≧ 9.4 Mbits (14) from equation (8). Further, since the maximum transfer rate of MPEG2 is specified as STR = 8 Mbps (15) or less according to the recording / reproducing DVD standard, CDAS ≧ 43.2 Mbits by substituting the value of the expression (15) into the expression (8).得 る Obtain 5.4 MBytes (16).

In the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG.
/ ODD, LBN / ODD-PS, XX, and XX-PS manage the boundary position of the Contiguous Data Area on the recording / reproducing application 1, and allocate the Allocation Ma shown in FIG.
By providing a data structure as shown in FIG. 41 in the p Table 1105, boundary position information management is performed.

As shown in FIG. 16, Linear Repl as a replacement method for a defective area generated on an information storage medium
The explanation of acement and Skipping Replacement was explained. Here, the LBN (Logical Block N
umber) Focusing on comparison of setting methods. As described above, the entire recording area on the information storage medium is divided into sectors each having 2048 bytes, and all sectors are physically assigned sector numbers (PSNs) in advance.
er). This PSN is an information recording / reproducing device (ODD: Optical Disk Drive) as described in FIG.
) 3. As shown in FIG. 42 (β), in the Linear Replacement method, the setting place of the replacement area 3455 is limited to the Spare Area 724 and cannot be set at an arbitrary place. If there is no defective area on the information storage medium, the user area 723
LBNs are allocated to all sectors in the
No LBN is set for the sector in ea 724. U
Defect area 3 in ECC block unit within ser Area 723
When 451 occurs, the setting of the LBN at this location is removed (3461), and the LBN value is set for each sector in the replacement area 3455. In the example of FIG. 42 (β), “b” and LB are set as the PSNs of the first sector of the recording area 3441.
The value of “a” is set as N. Similarly, the PSN of the first sector of the recording area 3442 is “b + 3
2 "and LBN are set to" a + 32 ". As data to be recorded on the information storage medium, there are record data # 1, record data # 2, and record data # 3 as shown in FIG. At this time, the recording data # 1 is recorded in the recording area 3441, and the recording data # 3 is recorded in the recording area 3442. The area between the recording areas 3441 and 3442, where the PSN of the first sector starts with "b + 16". In the case of the defective area 3451, no data is recorded and no LBN is set here, but instead, the recording data # 2 is stored in the replacement area 3455 in which the PSN of the first sector in the spare area 724 starts with "d".
Is recorded, and an LBN starting with the first sector “a + 16” is set. As shown in Fig. 4, File System
2 manages the address LBN, and Linear Replace
Since the LBN is set so as to avoid the defective area 3451 in the ment method, the File System 2 is an information storage medium.
As shown in FIG. 2 (γ), LB is
A major feature of the present invention lies in that N is set so that the file system 2 can cope with a defective area generated on the information storage medium (be within the management range). FIG.
In the example of 2 (γ), the LB of the first sector of the defective area 3452
N is set to “a + 16”. In addition, the defect area 34
User area 723 is an alternative area 3456 for 52
The following feature of the present invention resides in that it can be set to any position in the above. As a result, the replacement area 3456 is arranged immediately after the defect area 3452, and the recording data # 2 to be originally recorded on the defect area 3452 can be immediately recorded in the replacement area 3456. In the Linear Replacement method shown in FIG. 42 (β), the optical head is
It was necessary to move to re Area 724, and the access time of the optical head was long. Skipping
The Replacement method eliminates the need for optical head access,
The recording data # 2 can be recorded immediately after the defect area. As shown in FIG. 42 (γ), Skipping Replacement
The Spare Area 724 is not used in the method, and the non-recording area 34 is not used.
Treated as 59.

When the recording method as shown in FIG. 42 (β) is performed, physical movement of the optical head is frequently performed as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 43, for example, if there is a defective area when data is recorded up to the point A shown in the figure, a jump is made to point B in the spare area for replacement. A movement that jumps back to point C in the next writing area of the area is necessary.
With such a method, the optical head moves more frequently when the number of defective areas increases, and if the transfer speed of input data to be written is high, the optical head may not be able to follow.

On the other hand, the point of the embodiment shown in FIG. 42 showing the major feature of the present invention and the effect corresponding thereto are as follows.

The Linear Replac shown in FIG. 42 (β)
In the ement method and the defect processing method shown in FIG. When the amount of defects generated on the information storage medium is small, it is possible to completely leave the defect management to the information recording / reproducing device 3 as shown in FIG. 42 (β) and FIG. Further, when a large number of defects exceeding the size of the Spare Area occur, failure occurs if the defect management is performed only by the information recording / reproducing device 3.

On the other hand, when the LBN is set in the defective area 3452 so that the File System 2 can recognize the location of the defective area 3452, a method such as that shown in steps ST3-05 to -07 of the recording procedure described later is used. Thus, the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 and the File System 2 can cooperate with each other to perform the defect processing, and even if a large number of defects occur on the information storage medium, it is possible to continuously record the video information without failure. B] The defect area 3452 generated in the User Area 723 and set with the LBN is left in the LBN space as it is.

[0348] Linear Replac shown in FIG.
Even if the LBN is set in the Spare Area 724 (extended area 743 used for information recording) as shown in FIG. )) There is a problem when deleting recorded information and recording new information.

That is, when viewed from File System 2, LB
All consecutive addresses are set in the N space (S
The LBN set in pare Area 746 is User Area 723
File System that is physically located away from
2 does not know), so File System 2 attempts to record information in a continuous range on the LBN space. Once Spare
If the LBN is set in the area 724, the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 must record information on the information storage medium in accordance with the designation of the FileSystem 2, and when recording, the information is recorded in a spare area.
It is necessary to move to the LBN setting place on the a 724 to record information, the access frequency of the optical head increases, and the temporary storage amount of the video information in the semiconductor memory in the information recording / reproducing device is saturated as shown in FIG. As a result, continuous recording may not be possible.

On the other hand, if the LBN set as shown in FIG. 42 (γ) is always set in the User Area 723,
When another information is recorded at the place after the information is deleted, unnecessary access of the optical head can be restricted, and continuous recording of video information becomes possible. C] The replacement area 3456 is set immediately after the defective area 3452 generated in the User Area 723.

[0351] As described above, FIG.
Compared to the Linear Replacement method, the Skipp
In the ing Replacement method, recording data #
2 can be recorded, and as a result, unnecessary access of the optical head can be restricted, and continuous recording of video information becomes possible. There is a place.

The data structure of the defect management information when the Skipping Replacement method has been performed will be described. In the embodiment of the present invention, the method of recording defect management information in this case is as follows: 1) As shown in FIG. 44, the information is recorded and managed on the information storage medium as PSN information, After converting to LBN information in the information recording / reproducing device,
A method of notifying to the File System 2 side, and 2) a method of recording and managing as LBN information on an information storage medium as shown in FIG. (In this case, the process of recording the defect management information on the information storage medium is also directly handled on the File System side).

In the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG.
X, XX-PS, LBN / ODD, LBN / ODD-P
S, LBN / XXX, LBN / XXX-PS use the method of FIG. 44, and LBN / UDF, LBN / UDF-P
S, LBN / UDF-CDA Fix uses the method of FIG.

As shown in FIG. 9 and FIG.
Defect management information corresponding to the acement method is PSN information as Lean-in Area 1002 and Lean-out Area 1005 in FIG.
DMA areas 663 and 691 are provided in Rewritable data Zones 613 and 645 within the Secondary Defect List.
3413 is already recorded. In the embodiment of the present invention, defect management information (SDL341
There is a great feature in that the 3) and the defect management information (TDL3414) corresponding to the AV data (video information) are recorded separately.

That is, in the present invention, the Skipping Replacemen
Defect management information corresponding to the t method
3414. One replacement process (for example, FIG. 42
Replacement area 345 for defective area 3452 in (γ)
6 settings) for each TDL entry
3427 and 3428 information.

For the Linear Replacement method, the first sector 3 in the defective ECC block which is defective area location information
431 and the set information of the start position sector number 3432 in the replacement ECC block of the defective block indicating the replacement area location. In the case of the Skipping Replacement method, the location of the replacement area 3456 is replaced by the defect area 3452.
TDL entry 3427, 3
Instead of specifying the start sector number (PSN) 3433 in the defective ECC block and the replacement area location as the information in 428, “FFFF” is used as Skipping Replacement identification information.
FFh "is set as the set information of the location 3434 where the information is recorded.
Defect management information consistent with the DL entries 3422 and 3423 can be recorded on the information storage medium.
All the defect management information shown in FIG.
Managed by the side. TD reproduced on the information recording / reproducing device 3 side
All L3414 information or SDL3413 information is PS
N. As shown in FIGS. 42 (β) and (γ), there is a one-to-one correspondence between PSN and LBN for each defect processing method. Specifically, using the relationship shown in FIG.
After performing “LSN conversion” and then performing “LSN → LBN conversion” using the relationship in FIGS. 20 and 21, the defect management information is notified to the File System 2 as LBN information.

While the information recording / reproducing apparatus manages the defect management information shown in FIG. 44, the defect management information shown in FIG.
It is recorded on an information storage medium (Optical Disk 1001) in N information format.

[0358] This information is provided by Volume & File Manager Info.
Main Volume Desc managed by UDF in rmation 1003
Recorded in Riptor Sequence 449. Defect information is collectively referred to as Sparing Table 469, and linear replacement
Defect management information corresponding to ent is Secondary Defect Map
3471, and defect management information corresponding to Skipping Replacement is recorded in Tertiary Defect Map 3472.
In both cases, SD Map entry 3482,
3483 and TD Map entry 3487, 3488. Each Map
The information description content in the entry is the same as that shown in FIG.

FIG. 46 shows the relationship between the defect management information shown in FIG. 45 and the defect / replacement processing recorded on the information storage medium.
The comparison in the case of the linear replacement processing is shown.

The first sector number 3493 in the defective ECC block in the TDM 3472 corresponds to the defect area 3 in FIG.
452 (ECC block = managed in units of 16 sectors)
And the replacement area 3456 for recording the video information for that location is always immediately after the defective area 3452, so that "FFFFFFh" 349 as shown in FIG.
4 are recorded.

As another embodiment of the management information managed by the File System 2 according to the present invention, as shown in FIG. 47, 1) a hidden file is created and defect map information is described therein. Allocation Descriptor (Fig. 2
3) and setting a defect flag in the Implementation Use 412.

As described above, the replacement area 3456 can be arbitrarily added at the time of recording the AV information. However, the replacement area at the time of occurrence of a defect with respect to the PC information is shown in FIG.
Spare Area 724 is determined in advance, and Spare Ar
When ea 724 was used up, the replacement process became impossible. In order to solve the problem, defects frequently occur on the information storage medium, and the Spare Area 724 shown in FIG.
FIG. 4 shows an embodiment of the present invention for securing a replacement area for adding a defective area when a PC file is recorded when the file is full.
As shown in FIG. 6 (β), a major feature of the present invention resides in that a substitute exclusive file 3501 is set in the User Area 723.

FIG. 48 is a flow chart for explaining the creation of the substitute exclusive file 3501. When the information storage medium is mounted on the information recording / reproducing apparatus (ST41), the information recording / reproducing apparatus operates in the DMA areas 663, 691 (FIG.
4 (d)) to check the size of the free area in SpareArea (ST42). If there is not enough space (ST4
3) Then, SET SPARE FILE for File System 2
A command is issued to request creation of the substitute exclusive file 3501 (ST45). Corresponding File System
The side creates a substitute exclusive file 3501 and adds it as a hidden file in the directory of FIG. The identification information of the substitute exclusive file 3501 is recorded in the substitute area setting File flag 3371 in the File Identifier descriptor 3364 as shown in FIG. 27 or the substitute exclusive file of FIG. , The bit of the substitute area setting file flag 3371 is set to “1”. FIG. 2 shows another embodiment of the identification information of the substitute exclusive file 3501.
6 or Fil as shown in FIG.
An alternative dedicated file flag 3372 may be provided in the ICB Tag 418 of the eEntry 3520.

Since this area is managed by the File System 2, the information recording / reproducing apparatus mounts the information storage medium on the information recording / reproducing apparatus as shown in FIGS. 49 and 50 (ST4).
1) Issue GET SPARE FILE Command for each
It is necessary to obtain the setting position information of the substitute exclusive file 3501 for the stem 2 (ST46). When recording the PC information, the information recording / reproducing apparatus performs the replacement process for the defective area by using the replacement dedicated file 3501 information received from the File System 2, and the result is shown in FIG.
(ST49). The defect management information recorded here is the SDM shown in FIG.
Start sector number 3 in defective ECC block in 3471
At 491, the defective area 3451 (ECC block = 16 sectors) in FIG. 46 (β) is designated, and the replacement area 3455 in the replacement dedicated file 3501 is indicated by the leading position sector number 3492 in the replacement ECC block of the defective block. . As can be seen from FIG. 46 (β), the LBN area in the replacement exclusive file 3501 is used for replacement processing that is exactly the same as Linear Replacement using Spare Area 724.

As described above, according to the present invention described in the above embodiment, the replacement area 3 is set at an arbitrary position in the user area 723.
Since 455 can be additionally set, an alternative area can be increased with an increase in the amount of defects generated on the information storage medium.

As described with reference to FIGS. 38 to 40, in order to secure continuous recording of video information, it is necessary to perform recording and partial erasure processing in units of Contiguous Data Area. When a small amount of video information 3513 to be additionally recorded is added to the already recorded video information 3511 as shown in FIG.
In the present invention, as shown in FIG.
# 3 3507 is secured and the remaining part is unused area 3
515 is managed. In the case of additionally recording a small amount of video information 3514 to be additionally recorded, the unused area 3
515 is recorded from the head position. This unused area 351
As a management method of the head position of No. 6, in the embodiment of FIG.
LBN / ODD, LBN / ODD-PS, LBN / UD
F, LBN / UDF-PS, LBN / UDF-CDA Fix,
The embodiment of LBN / XXX and LBN / XXX-PS uses Information Length 3517 information.
Information Length information 3517 is recorded in File Entry 3520 as shown in FIG. This I
The nformation Length 3517 means the information size actually recorded from the beginning of the AV file as shown in FIG.

[0367] Depending on the embodiment of the present invention, there is also an embodiment in which it is necessary to cope with the Contiguous Data Area at the time of partial erasure in an AV file. In the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 6, in LBN / UDF and LBN / XXX, as shown in FIG.
The area to be erased is completely erased without securing the boundary area of ta Area. As shown in FIG. 53, Video Object #B 3532, which is a part to be erased, is assigned to Extent # 2 (CD
A: Contiguous Data Area # β and Extent # 4 (CD
A # δ), a part of FIG.
Extent # 6 3546 and Extent # 7 35
The size of 47 becomes smaller than the allowable minimum value of the Contiguous Data Area.

On the other hand, among the embodiments shown in the table of FIG. 6, XX, XX-PS, LBN / ODD, LBN /
In ODD-PS, Contiguous Data A
Performs boundary position management of rea. That is, as shown in FIG. 41, the Contiguous Data Area
Since the boundary position information of
When erasing #B 3532, the recording / playback application 1
The portions between A # β3536 and CDA # δ3538 are newly defined as unused VOBs 3552 and 3553, and as shown in FIGS.
Additional registration in ation. This configuration is shown in FIG.

In the embodiment shown in the table of FIG.
LBN / UDF-CDA Fix, LBN / UDF-PS, L
In BN / XXX-PS, File System 2 side uses Contiguo
Manages the boundary position of the us Data Area. LBN / UDF
In the -CDA Fix, the CDA is divided in advance in the entire recording area on the information storage medium as shown in FIG.
As shown in Fig. 6, UDF's Volume Recognition Sequence
Boot Descriptor 447 which is the boot area in 444
The boundary position management information of the Contiguous Data Area is recorded therein. Each CDA is an individual CDA Entry 355
5, 3556, and the size 3557 and the head LBN 3558 are recorded. LBN / UD
The F-PS and LBN / XXX-PS do not have such prior information, and can set the CDA area arbitrarily.

[0370] Video Obj to be deleted from the recording / reproducing application 1 side
When the AV address and the data size of the head position of ect #B 3532 are specified, the File System 2 CDA # β
Ext not used for partial erasure on CDA # δ
File in AV file as ent 3548, 3549
Registered in Entry. Unused Extent 3548, 35
As shown in FIG. 23 or FIG. 52 (f), the identification information 49 is obtained by setting the Allocation Descriptors 420 in the File Entry 3520 of the video information (AV file) to Long Allocatio.
n Descriptor, Implementation Use 3528, 4
12, an "unused Extent flag" is set as an attribute.

When a DVD-RAM disk is used as an information storage medium, recording and partial deletion processing are required for each ECC block 502 as shown in FIG. Therefore, ECC block boundary position management is required. In this case, when the boundary position of the deletion designated area and the ECC block boundary position management are shifted, unused Extents 3548 and 3549 are set at fractional portions as in FIG. Add “unused Extent flag”.

The description of the unused area setting method set at the time of additional recording / partial erasure to secure the CDA boundary position and the ECC block boundary position will now be described with reference to FIGS.
This has been described with reference to FIGS. 53, 54, and 54.

FIG. 57 summarizes other embodiments. The circle 6 embodiment in FIG.
The unused area start LBN is recorded in n Use, and the content is slightly different from the above-described embodiment of FIG. 52 in which an “unused Extent flag” is set at the same location.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, LBN / U
Exten after recording video information in DF and LBN / XXX
The difference in the setting method will be described with reference to FIGS. In both cases, defect management information is recorded on the information storage medium with respect to a defective area on the information storage medium found at the time of recording the video information. LBN / UDF stores defect management information in File
TDM managed by System 2 (TDM3 in FIG. 45 (e)
472). File System in LBN / UDF
2, the defect management is performed on the defect area 3566.
58 and set Extent # 4 3574 (FIG. 58)
(E)) Yes. In LBN / XXX, the defect management information is managed by the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 in the TDL (TDL in FIG. 44 (e)).
DL3414), and avoid the defective area 3566.
Set xtent (Fig. 59).

As shown in FIG. 58 and FIG.
Let's consider the case where Extent is set to avoid. Now, after the AV information is recorded in the form of FIG. 58 and FIG. After the AV information recording is completed, another PC file is recorded in the LBN location corresponding to the defective area 3566 (in this case,
Linear Replacement processing is performed). 2. Further, to delete the previously recorded AV file, the Contiguous Data Area #B in FIGS. 58 and 59A is deleted. 3. Contiguous Data Area from which other AV information has been deleted
There is a possibility that a process of recording at the location #B may occur. In this case, the PC file has already been recorded in the LBN location corresponding to the defective area 3566 in the LBN space.

In the embodiment of the present invention LBN / XXX, as shown in FIG.
There is a significant feature in that a guous Data Area 3593 can be set. The specific setting method is described in detail in the explanation place of FIG. 65 described later. Contiguous Data Ar
In the present invention, the setting conditions of ea 3593 are as follows.
t The total number Npc of the processed defect areas 3586 satisfies the expression (28). b) Defective area 35 previously processed by Skipping Replacement
Skipping Replac in Contiguous Data Area including 86
Total defect size Lskip requiring ement (2
9) The expression must be satisfied. c) Existing PC file 3582 that may exist in the Contiguous Data Area 3593, or previously Linear Replacement
t Contiguous Data avoiding the processed defect area 3586
The coarse access times 1348 and 1376 are unnecessary when the optical head accesses the next recording area in the Area.

The existing PC file 3582 or earlier so that coarse access is not required when accessing the optical head
It is set that the size of the defective area 3586 subjected to the linear replacement processing is small.

[0378] AV in Contiguous Data Area 3593
When recording information, 1) the existing PC file 3582 that may exist in the Contiguous Data Area 3593, the time during which the optical head accesses the next recording area while avoiding the defective area 3586 that has been subjected to the previous Linear Replacement processing, and 2) the previous recording Sometimes, no AV information is recorded on the information storage medium between the defective area 3587 subjected to the skipping replacement processing and the period in which the skipping processing is performed on the defective area first discovered at the time of the current recording. Therefore, during this period, the temporary storage amount of the video information in the semiconductor memory in the information recording / reproducing apparatus keeps on increasing just like the period of the coarse access time 1348, the fine access time 1343, and the rotation waiting time 1346 in FIG. Therefore, this period is shown in FIG.
Coarse access time 1348, fine access time 1343,
It can be handled in the same row as the period of the rotation waiting time 1346. When recording last time in the Contiguous Data Area 3593
The total size of the defective area 3587 subjected to the Skipping Replacement processing and the defective area first discovered at the time of the current recording and requiring the Skipping processing is defined as Lskip.

Lskip Total time to pass through the point Tskip
Becomes Tskip = Lskip ÷ PTR (21) Taking this condition into account, the expression (8) is modified as follows: CDAS ≧ STR × PTR × (Ta + Tskip) / (PTR−STR) (22)

[0380] Existing PC file 3582 that may exist in the Contiguous Data Area 3593, formerly Linear Replacem
When the optical head accesses the next recording area while avoiding the defective area 3586 which has been subjected to the ent processing, access is performed by a track jump.
8,1376 existing PCfile35 to unnecessary level
The size of the defect area 3586 which has been subjected to the Linear Replacement processing is reduced to the 82 size. General DVD-RA
In the M drive, the moving distance of the objective lens during dense access is
Track pitch of DVD-RAM disk Pt = 0.74 μm (23) Minimum data size per track Dt = 17 × 2 kBytes = 34 kBytes (24) From existing PC file 3582, previously Linear Replacement
t The size of each processed defect area 3586 must be 200 以下 0.74 × 34 = 9190 kBytes (25) or less. Considering the margins of various places, the actual allowable maximum size is 1/4 of equation (25), 23
00 kBytes or less is desirable. When the above condition is satisfied, access to the next recording area in the Contiguous Data Area is performed with the fine access time 1343 and the rotation waiting time 1343.
46, the fine access time 1343 required for one access is JATa, the rotation waiting time 1346 is MWTa, and the Contiguous Data Area
Existing PC file 3582 and previous Linear Replacement
Assuming that the total number of processed defective areas 3586 is Npc, the total access time Tpc required to avoid the above areas is Tpc
Becomes Tpc = Npc × (JATa + MWTa) (26) Taking this time into account, equation (22) can be expressed as CDA
S ≧ STR × PTR × (Ta + Tskip + Tpc) / (PTR−STR) (27) (10) When each value of (13) and (15) is used, (Tskip
+ Tpc) / Ta = 20% and CDA
S ≧ 6.5 MBytes (Tskip + Tpc)
/ Assuming Ta = 10%, CDAS ≧ 5.9
When MBytes (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 5%, CDAS ≧ 5.7 MBytes (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 3% When CDAS ≧ 5.6 MBytes (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 1% CDAS ≧ 5.5 MBytes. From the expressions (27) and (26), Npc ≦ {[CDAS × (PTR−STR) / (STR × PTR)] − Ta−Tskip} / (JATa + MWTa) (28) From the expressions (27) and (21) Lskip ≦ {[CDAS × (PTR−STR) / (STR × PTR)] − Ta−Tpc} × PTR (29) (28) Using (10), (13), and (15), and MWTaＷ18 ms and JTaＪ5 ms, (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 10%, Tskip =
When 0, Npc ≦ 6 (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 5%, Tskip =
When 0, Npc ≦ 3 (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 3%, Tskip =
When it is set to 0, Npc ≦ 1 (Tskip + Tpc) / Ta = 1%, Tskip =
When it is set to 0, Npc ≦ 0. When the values of the equations (29), (10), (13), and (15) are used, (Tskip + Tskip) / Ta = 10% and Tpc = 0
When Lskip ≦ 208 kBytes (Tskip + Tskip) / Ta = 5%, Tpc =
If 0, Lskip ≦ 104 kBytes (Tskip + Tskip) / Ta = 3%, Tpc =
When 0 is set, Lskip ≦ 62 kBytes (Tskip + Tskip) / Ta = 1%, Tpc =
When it is set to 0, Lskip ≦ 0 kBytes.

The above description has been made with reference to FIG. 38 as a conceptual diagram of an AV information recording system. When examining the basic concept, there is no problem in FIG. 38, but in order to examine the concept in more detail, a system concept model of a recording system shown in FIG. 61 is used.

When recording with the PC system shown in FIG.
The AV information input from the outside is converted into a digital compressed signal via the MPEG gorge 134, temporarily recorded in the main memory 112, and transferred to the information recording / reproducing apparatus 140 shown in FIG. You. The information recording / reproducing apparatus 140 also has a buffer memory 219, and the transferred digital AV information is temporarily stored in the buffer memory 219.

A specific information flow will be described with reference to FIG. The video information 3301 stored in the main memory 112 on the PC side shown in FIG.
The command is transferred to the information recording / reproducing device 140 together with the command. In the WRITE command in this conventional method, an LBN indicating a recording start position and a data size to be transferred are specified. The transferred video information is temporarily stored in the untransferred free space 3311 in the memory 219 of the information recording / reproducing apparatus, and then recorded on the information storage medium by the first WRITE Command as shown in FIG. 3327. With the next WRITE command, the video information is temporarily stored in the video information 3315 area to be recorded on the information storage medium in the memory 219 of the information recording / reproducing apparatus, and the recording operation on the unrecorded area 3324 on the information storage medium starts. FIG. 62
If a defective area 3330 occurs in the middle as shown in FIG.
As a result of the kipping replacement process, a part of the video information 3315 that is scheduled to be recorded does not fall within a predetermined range (the range of the unrecorded area 3324) on the information storage medium. Suspends the recording process.

As described above, in the conventional WRITE command giving only the LBN indicating the recording start position and the transfer information size, the recording process is interrupted if the Skipping Replacement process described in the present invention is performed.

A method of the present invention for recording AV information continuously for a long period of time without interruption even when a large number of defects occur on the information storage medium will be described below.

As shown in FIG. 63, a major feature of the AV information recording method according to the present invention is that: * a step of determining whether or not a file to be recorded is an AV file (ST01); (ST02) * Recording AV information on information storage medium (S02)
T03) * Step of recording information arrangement information actually recorded on the information storage medium in a management area on the information storage medium (ST0)
4). This process is mainly for File Syst
em 2 The control is performed mainly by the side.

FIG. 64 shows the contents of step ST01 of FIG. 63 in more detail, FIG. 65 shows the contents of step ST02 of FIG. 63 in more detail, and FIG. 66 shows the contents of step ST01 of FIG.
The contents of 03 are shown in more detail. FIG. 67 shows the details of step ST04 in FIG. 63 in more detail.

All processes on the information storage medium, such as information recording, information reproduction, and partial deletion of information in the AV file, are performed after the recording / reproducing application 1 in FIG. 4 gives an outline of the process to the File System 2 in the OS. , Will be started for the first time. F
The outline of the processing shown to the ile System 2 is notified by issuing the SDK API Command 4 from the recording / reproducing application 1 side. When the SDK API Command 4 is received, the File System 2 concretely shreds the content of the instruction, issues a DDK Interface Command 5 to the information recording / reproducing device 3, and executes a specific process.

Embodiments of the Present Invention LBN / UDF, LBN
/ XXX, an API command (SDK API Command) required to enable the processing shown in FIG.
4) is shown in FIG.

[0390] The partial content addition portion and the new command portion in the command type 3405 in Fig. 68 are within the scope of the present invention.
A series of processing methods performed by the recording / reproducing application 1 using the API command will be described below. <AV Information Recording Processing> 1st STEP: Notify the OS of the start of recording and the attribute of the target file (AV file or PC file) by Create File Command. 2nd STEP: Designation of expected maximum size of AV information to be recorded on the information storage medium by Set Unrecorded Area Command 3rd STEP: Performs AV information transfer processing by Write File Command (issues command to OS multiple times) OS / File System Notify the side. 4th STEP: After a series of AV information recording processes is completed, if the size of the AV information to be recorded is known at a later date, the Set Unrecorded Area Command
By issuing, an area for recording the next AV information can be reserved in advance.

In the information storage medium of the present invention, it is possible to record both AV information and PC information on the same information storage medium. Therefore, before recording the next AV information, the PC information is recorded in the empty area, and the empty area may be exhausted at the next AV information recording.

To prevent this, an unused area of a large size is set in the AV file, and the next AV information recording location can be reserved in advance. (This 4th STEP may not be executed.) 5th STEP: Notify the OS / File System side of the end of a series of recording processing by Close Handle Command * WriteFile Command except for adding an AV file attribute flag to Create File Command Close Handle Co
mmand also uses the conventional PC information recording command as it is. By making such settings, there is no need to change the program due to the change of the video information recording method in the upper layer near the API interface in the OS internally hierarchized internally, and the existing OS software can be used as it is in the upper layer And On the File System side belonging to the lower OS part close to the information recording / reproducing apparatus, the method shown in FIG. 64 determines whether the target file is an AV file or a PC file.
The System side decides alone and selects the command to use for the information recording / reproducing device.

* All addressing of recording locations is AV A
Set in ddress. <AV / PC information playback processing> 1st STEP: Notify playback start to OS by Create File Command 2nd STEP: Instruct a series of playback processing by Read File Command (issue command to OS multiple times) 3rd STEP : Notify the OS / File System side of the end of a series of playback processing by Close Handle Command. * Playback processing is common to both AV files and PC files.

* All playback location addresses are specified by AV Add
Set with ress. <Partial Deletion Processing in AV File> 1st STEP: Notify the OS of the name of the file to be partially deleted by Create File Command. 2nd STEP: Instructs deletion processing within the specified range by Delete Part Of File Command.

In the Delete Part Of File Command, the AV Address to start deleting and the data size to be deleted are specified by parameters. 3rd STEP: Notify the OS / File System side of the end of a series of playback processing by Close Handle Command. <Queries the size of the unrecorded area where AV information can be recorded on the information storage medium> 1st STEP: Queries the size of the unrecorded area where AV information can be recorded using the Get AV Free Space Size Command. By just issuing it to the OS, an answer of the unrecorded area size is obtained from the OS. <Defragmentation processing
> 1st STEP: Defragmentation process for AV files by OS using AV Defragmentation Command
Direct to the side.

* AV Defragmentation Command A alone
Defragmentation processing for V files can be performed.

[0397] As a specific processing method for the AV Defragmentation Command, Ext scattered on the information storage medium is used.
The file information with small ent size is moved for each Extent, and processing to increase the space for securing the Contiguous Data Area in the unrecorded area is performed.

FIG. 69 shows a list of DDK Interface Commands 5 issued by the File System 2 to the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 after the above-mentioned SDK API Command 4 is specifically shredded. Commands other than READ Command are commands newly presented in the present invention or commands obtained by partially modifying existing commands.

The information recording / reproducing apparatus is, for example, IEEE139
4 and the like, and information transfer processing between a plurality of devices is performed at the same time. 4 and 5, the information recording / reproducing devices 3 and 140 are connected to only one main CPU 111. On the other hand, when it is connected to IEEE 1394 or the like, it is connected to the main CPU of each device.
Therefore, the Slot_ID, which is the identification information of each device, is used to prevent other information from being transferred to another device by mistake. This Slot_ID is issued on the information recording / reproducing device 3 or 140 side. GET FREE SLOT_ID Command is File System
Issued on the 2nd side, AV WRITE as a parameter
A start flag and an AV WRITE end flag declare the start and end of the AV information, and at the time of the AV information start declaration, issue an instruction to issue an Slot_ID to the information recording / reproducing apparatus.

[0400] The recording start position in the AV WRITE Command is the current position (the next AV information is recorded from the LBN position where recording was completed in the previous AV WRITE Command).
Is automatically set as Each AV WRITE Comma
An AV WRITE number is set in nd, and the buffer memory 2 of the information recording / reproducing apparatus is used as a command cache.
AV WRITE Command already issued recorded in
DISCARD using this AV WRITE number
Issue cancellation processing can be performed by PRECEDING COMMAND Command.

As shown in FIG. 39, before the temporary storage amount of the AV information in the buffer memory 219 of the information recording / reproducing apparatus is saturated, appropriate processing can be performed on the File System 2 side.
GET WRITE STATUS Command exists. This GET WRIT
The status in the buffer memory 219 can be grasped on the File System 2 side by returning the margin in the buffer memory 219 as the return value 3344 of the E STATUS Command. In the embodiment of the present invention, one Contiguou at the time of no defect
s Data Area Recorded AV information for AV WRITE Com
This GET WRITE STATUS Command every time it is issued by mand
Is inserted, and the investigation target size and investigation start L which are the command parameters 3343 in the GETWRITE STATUS Command
BN is adjusted to the target Contiguous Data Area.
In the GETWRITE STATUS Command, the defect area found in the target range is given as the value of the head LBN of each ECC block by the return value 3344, so that the Extent setting after recording the AV information (ST4-04 in FIG. 67) Use this information.

[0402] SEND PRESET EXTENT ALLOCATION MAP Comm
and is a command for notifying the information recording / reproducing apparatus of all planned recording locations as LBN information before recording the AV information. The number of Extents at the scheduled recording location, the respective Extent start position (LBN), and Extent size are used as command parameters. Have. The scheduled recording location on this information storage medium is the return value 33 of the GET PERFORMANCE Command issued earlier.
Zone boundary position information of 44 and DMA after LBN conversion
Set based on information.

The detailed processing method in each step shown in FIG. 63 will be further described below.

[0404] The identification information of the AV file is the I of the FileEntry 3520 as shown in FIG.
Flags field in ICB Tag 3 in CB Tag 418
361, an AV file identification flag 3362 is set. By setting this flag to "1", it is possible to identify whether the file is an AV file.

As another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 27 or FIG. 71 (d), File Identifier Desc
It is also possible to set an AV file identification flag 3364 in the riptor 3364.

FIG. 64 shows a specific flowchart of the step of identifying whether or not the file is an AV file shown in ST01 of FIG. Create File Command from the recording and playback application 1
Processing is started only after is issued. The method of identifying an AV file differs depending on the conditions. * Create File Command when creating a new AV file
In the case where AV information is added to an already existing AV file, a file already recorded on the information storage medium as shown in FIG. 70 or 71 is used. The AV file is identified using the attribute flag of (1).

By using this method, it is not necessary to manage the attributes (AV file or PC file) of each file on the application program 1 side (File System
2 automatically switches the recording processing method based on the determination). By adopting such a method, if the file is a PC file, the conventional WRITE Com
mand, Linear Replacement processing, and for AV files, AV WRITE Command, Skipping Replacement
Perform processing.

[0408] In the recording / reproducing application 1, the Create File Command
After the issuance, the expected maximum value of the AV information recording scheduled size is set, and a Set Unrecorded Area Command is issued. With the specified information and the defect distribution obtained by the GET PERFORMANCE Command,
The Contiguous Data Area is set according to the maximum information size to be recorded based on the Zone boundary position information.
In the case of using the embodiment of LBN / XXX in FIG. 6, equations (25) and (27) are used as the setting conditions.

[0409] Based on the result, the
Allocation Descriptors information in the File Entry is recorded in advance (ST2-07). Through this step, a) When connecting to, for example, IEEE 1394 and performing recording with a plurality of devices simultaneously and in parallel, it is possible to prevent other information from being recorded at the scheduled recording position. b) Even if recording is interrupted due to a power failure or the like during continuous recording of AV information, the information up to immediately before the interruption can be saved by sequentially tracing the scheduled recording positions after restart. Advantages (effects) such as are obtained. Then SEND PRESET EXTENT AL
The information recording / reproducing apparatus is notified of the scheduled recording position information by the LOCATION MAP Command (ST2-08). Because the information recording / reproducing apparatus knows the recording position and the recording order on the information storage medium in advance by this advance notification, the recording processing is stopped even if Skipping Replacement processing occurs frequently due to a defect on the information storage medium when recording AV information. It is possible to continue the continuous recording without causing the recording.

The detailed contents of the AV information continuous recording step shown in step ST03 of FIG. 63 will be described with reference to FIG.

[0411] As shown in FIG.
The recording start position in the AV file is confirmed in advance using the 3517 information (ST03-01). Recording / playback application 1
Issues a Write File Command (ST3-0)
2) GET FREE SLOT_ with the AV WRITE start flag set
Issue ID Command and send SLOT_ID to information recording / reproducing device 3.
Is issued (ST3-03).

FIG. 72 schematically shows a continuous recording processing method after ST3-04. The video information # 1, # 2, and # 3 stored in the main memory by the AV WRITE Command are periodically transferred to the buffer memory 219 in the information recording / reproducing apparatus. Buffer memory 219 of information recording / reproducing device
The video information stored therein is recorded on the information storage medium via the optical head 202. Skipping replacement when a defective area 3351 occurs on the information storage medium 201
During the processing, the video information is not recorded on the information storage medium 201 during this time, so the amount of video information temporarily stored in the buffer memory 219 in the information recording / reproducing apparatus increases. File System 2 periodically gets GET WRITE STATUS Co
mmand is issued and the amount of temporarily stored video information in the buffer memory 219 is monitored. If the amount of temporarily stored video information is likely to be saturated, FileSystem issues 1) DISCARD PRECEDING COMMAND Command and cancels a part of the command cache in the information recording / reproducing device. 2) Information recording with the next AV WRiTE Command Limit (reduce) the amount of video information transferred to the playback device. 3) Next AV WRiTE Comm issued to the information recording / playback device.
One of the processes of delaying the issuance time up to and and waiting until the amount of temporarily stored video information in the buffer memory 219 in the information recording / reproducing apparatus becomes small is performed.

[0413] The above contents will be described using specific examples as shown in Figs. 73 to 8
0 indicates transition of recording information in three stages. The first stage is the memory on the PC side, the second stage is the memory of the information recording / reproducing apparatus, and the third stage is the recording position on the information recording medium.

FIG. 73 corresponding to ST2-08 of FIG.
SEND PRESETEXTENT ALLOCATION of circle 1 in (A)
MAP Command is issued. As shown in FIG. 69, in this command, Extent start position information and Extent size information are set as command parameters, so in the example of FIG. 73A, the start position LB of Extent = CDA
N, “a”, “d”, “g” ... and Extent = CDA
The sizes “ca” and “fd” are attached. Also, the AV WRITE COMMA of circles 2 and 3 is recorded so that the video information is recorded twice for CDA # 1.
nd is issued. Next, a GET WRITE STATUS Command indicated by a circle 4 is issued to grasp the recording status in CDA # 1.

[0415] In order to specify the investigation target by GET WRITE STATUS Command to CDA # 1, "a" is set as the start LBN of the investigation target range which is the parameter setting value, and "ca" is set as the investigation target range. A value has been set. Similarly, AV WRITE commands indicated by circles 5 and 6 are issued to record the video information twice in CDA # 2. Then, a GETWRITE STATUS Command indicated by a circle 7 is issued to grasp the recording status for CDA # 2.

[0416] This command is sent to the information recording / reproducing apparatus side at once, and is cached (ST3-FIG. 66).
05). If there is no defect in the unused state location 3371 on the information storage medium shown in FIG. 74 (B), the record information α3361 is recorded on the information storage medium as shown in FIG. 75 (C). Next, as shown in FIG.
When 5 occurs, Skipping Replacement processing is performed,
Some of the video information to be recorded in CDA # 1 protrudes, but SEND PRESET EXTENT ALLOCATIONMAP
Since the next recording location is known on the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 side by d, the overflowed information is the shift information β3 33
Recorded at location 71. Information on the above-mentioned defective area 3375 is notified to the File System 2 as the return value 3344 of the GET WRITE STATUS Command indicated by the circle 4 (see FIG. 66 ST3-05, FIG. 73, FIG. 77). File
It is determined whether the buffer memory 219 in the information recording / reproducing device (ODD) 3 is likely to overflow in the System 2 (ST3 in FIG. 66).
-06). Then, as a specific method shown in ST3-07 in FIG. 66, DELETE P shown in a circle 9 in FIG.
A of a circle 8 is a recording command relating to video information to be recorded on CDA # 3 by the ROCEDING COMMAND Command.
Cancel the V WRITE Command (Fig. 73).
A command in which the amount of video information to be transferred is limited (reduced) by V WRITE Command (FIG. 77) is issued.

Since the feedback to CDA # 2 cannot be made in time, the recording process on the information storage medium is executed as originally planned as shown in FIG. 78 (F).

[0418] As shown in Fig. 79 (G), it is used here.
It is assumed that the recording start position in the AV WRITE Command is not the current position but the recording start position is specified on the File System 2 side. Even in this case, the recording start position specified on the File System 2 side and the recording start position actually recorded are allowed to largely deviate due to a defective area found at the time of preceding video information recording.

[0419] When a series of recording processing is completed, the recording / reproduction application 1
GET FREE SLOT_I with AV WRITE end flag added triggered by Close Handle Command issued from
D Command from File System 2 to information recording / reproducing device 3
Issued to the side. Upon receipt of this command, the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 adds, to the TDL 3414 in FIG. 44 (e), defect information discovered during this series of recording processing, though not shown.

[0420] Set Unrecorded Area Command specified from the recording / reproducing application 1 side as post-processing for video information recording
Based on the information (ST4-03 in FIG. 67), the size of the unused area to be left in the AV file is determined.
3517 (ST4-05) and the final
Rewriting of Extent information (ST4-04) and UD
A rewriting process of the setting information related to F is performed.

A procedure for reproducing video information in an AV file will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, * In the recording / reproducing application 1, AV A
SD to be issued to FileSystem 2 using ddress
In K API Command 4, address setting is also performed using AV Address. * In File System 2, L is used as address information to be managed.
DDK Interface Command 5 issued to the information recording / reproducing device 3 using BN (LSN in some cases)
However, the address is set using the LBN. * The information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 performs address management using the PSN.

The structure is as follows. Therefore, the location to be played on the recording / reproducing application 1 is determined, and the Read File Comman
When d is issued, “AV Address in File System 2 →
The “LBN conversion” (ST06 in FIG. 81) and the “LBN → PSN conversion” (ST07) in the information recording / reproducing apparatus 3 are performed.

[0423] As shown in Fig. 82, the partial erasure processing method in the AV file uses the A method recorded on the information storage medium.
No processing is performed on the V information, and only the rewriting of the File Entry information on the File System 2 (ST09 in FIG. 82) and the change processing of the UDF information are performed. Then, in order to register the partially erased location as an unrecorded area,
Unallocated Space Table which is unrecorded area information on F
The partial erasure location is added to the 452 or Unallocated Spase Bitmap 435 information (ST10). Finally, management information is rewritten to the recorded video management data file (ST11).

In the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG.
In the BN / ODD-PS, the following management is performed.

[0425] As shown in Fig. 83, it is set in advance.
Contiguous Data Area It is assumed that, for the minimum size 11, a recording area 12 is generated for video data by new recording, and an unused area 13 is also generated. Then, at LBN level,
A new Contiguous Data Area 14 is set, and a Spare Area 18 is added to this. Next, at the PSN level, data recording areas 15 and 16 and a defective area 17 if any are set, and a spare area 19 is secured. And this whole new AV Extent20
At the LBN level.

In other words, as shown in FIG.
Spare area 18 is automatically added for each ta area
Construct xtent 20. This added Spare Area 1
8 is also set to the LBN, and the LBN is set to the defective area 17 similarly. Defect area 1 on information storage medium
7 is subjected to Skipping Replacement processing, and FIG.
An LBN setting method similar to 2 (γ) is performed. The difference from the other embodiments is that although the LBN is set in the defective area 17, the location of the defective area is not notified on the File System 2 side, and the location of the defective area 17 is managed only by the information recording / reproducing apparatus. . When information is to be reproduced on the File System 2 side, an AVREAD Command issued to the information recording / reproducing apparatus is a reference AV Extent as shown in FIG.
An LBN indicating the start position of No. 20, an effective reproduction start position (not including the defect area) counted from the start position, and an actual data size to be reproduced (assuming skipping at a defective portion) are designated. As a result, the information recording / reproducing apparatus automatically reproduces the information avoiding the defective area 17 and reads the information from the file system.
Answer to 2 side.

FIG. 84 shows a management form in a case where information already recorded is partially overwritten and recorded. In this case, only the overwrite recording from the middle to the end in the Contiguous Data Area 34 is permitted. That is, the video data recording area 35 recorded in the past includes the data recording areas 23 and 25 and the defective area 28 if there is a defective area, and the spare area 31 is added to this. When overwriting is performed from the middle, Contiguous Data
Area 34 is set. This includes a video data area 36 previously recorded and a video data recording area 37 newly superimposed and recorded (AV Address level). At the PSN level, data recording areas 25, 26, 27, defective areas 29, 30 are managed, and a spare area 32 is set.

[0428] Fig. 85 shows two examples of management modes when overwriting recording is stopped halfway. In this case, the already recorded information in the same Contiguous Data Area (CDA) is treated as invalid. A case where the overwriting is performed from the beginning of the CDA and a case where the overwriting is performed from the middle of the CDA are shown.

FIG. 86 shows a management mode at the time of partial erasure in the AV File. In this case, Contiguous Data A
It is determined that partial erasure is performed in units of rea (eg, AV Extent # 246).

[0430] Fig. 87 to Fig. 90 show the parameters of the commands related to recording and reproduction in the LBN / ODD-PS and the contents of the commands. 87 shows a write command from the recording / playback application to the file system, FIG. 88 shows a read command, FIG. 89 shows a write command given from the file system to the recording / reproducing device, and FIG. 90 shows a type of read command.

FIGS. 91, 92 and 93 show a video data recording process in the embodiment LBN / ODD-PS and corresponding flowcharts. 92 and 93 describe the processing steps of the video data # 1 and # 2 to be recorded shown in FIG.

AV Extent # 1 3101, # 2 310
The feature of the embodiment of the present invention lies in that the Skipping Replacement processing is completed within each AV Extent by utilizing the Spare Areas 3111 and 3112 added for every two. The following describes each step.・ Contiguous Data Area # 1 31
Initialize the size of 06. ST21 ・ Recommended for ODD (information recording / reproducing device) 3 [Spar
e Queries the value of [Area Size] / [Contiguous Data Area Size]. ST22 • Initialize the size of AVExtent # 1 3101 (Sp
are Area Size # 1 setting) ST23 ... Spare Area Size # 1 3111 is set on the "recording / playing application 1 side" or "File System 2 side".・ Video data 31 by the first AVWrite command
25 is transferred to the ODD 3 side ST24 If the defective area 138 is found during recording on the information storage medium, skipping processing is performed in the ODD 3. ST
25 ・ Video data 3 by the second AVWrite command
126 is transferred to the ODD3 side. ST26 ... AVExten in the second AVWrite command
t # 1 Know the last record of 3101 (End Flag Of
Contiguous Data Area flag). -Final AVExtent # 1 31 on File System 2 side
03, and temporarily store it in the buffer memory of the File System 2. ST27 ・ Contiguous Data Area # 2 310 on the recording / reproducing application 1 side
Initialize the size of 2. ST28-Initialize the size of AVExtent # 2 3102 (Sp
are Area Size # 2 setting). ST29: The setting of Spare Area Size # 2 3112 is performed on the “recording / playing application 1 side” or “File System 2 side”.・ Image data 312 by the third AVWrite command
7 is transferred to the ODD3 side. ST30-If a defective area 3139 is found during recording on the information storage medium, skipping processing is performed in ODD3.
ST31-The user presses the recording end button. ST32 ・ Contiguous Da specified in advance on the recording / reproducing application side
ta Area Unused area size 3 according to minimum size 11
136 is determined. ST33-Spare Area # 2 size 3 according to the actual data size 3109 of Contiguous Data Area # 2
Review 113. ST34-Video data 312 by the fourth AVWrite command
8 is transferred to the ODD3 side. ST35: Simultaneously unused area information (n Number Of Bytes R
eserve and Space Keep Length) to secure an untransferred area in the LBN space.

In the fourth AVWrite command, the last record of AVExtent # 2 3104 is known (E
nd Flag Of Contiguous Data Area flag).・ The final AVExtent # 2 31 on the File System 2 side
04 and temporarily store it in the buffer memory of File System 2. ST36-Addition processing of information necessary for the directory-management area of the File System 2 is performed. ST37 The following is a summary of the present invention described above.

Point 1. The LBN is set for both the defect area set by the skipping process and the replacement area therefor. These areas are both included in the User Area.

[0435] Point 2. The replacement area (the place immediately after Skipping) can be arbitrarily set in the LBN space.
In other words, the replacement area can be appropriately (arbitrarily) set in the first area (User Aew) where the user can record.

Point 3. Also on the same location on the disk
Both the AV Address (first address) and the LBN (second address) are set. That is, both the first address number and the second address number are assigned to the same location in the recording area on the information storage medium.

[0437] Point 4. Also, a defect /
The replacement area is not included, and the defect / replacement area is included in the LBN space. That is, both the first address number and the second address number are assigned to the replacement area, and only the first address number is assigned to the defective area (the second address number is not assigned). ).

Point 5. VOB_I: AV Address management information and File Entry: LBN management information are recorded in parallel.
I do. That is, the first information management recording area having the management information managed by the first address number on the same information storage medium, and the second management management area having the management information managed by the second address number. It has an information recording area.

Point 6. The recording / playback application is AV Addre
It is managed by ss, and the OS side converts AV Address to LBN. That is, it includes a part (recording / playback application) for managing information using the second management information, and an address conversion unit for performing conversion between the second address number and the first address number.

Point 7. At least one or more files are recorded, and identification information of the AV file is recorded in at least one of the recorded files.

Point 8. In addition, an identification means for identifying whether or not the file recorded on the information storage medium is an AV file is provided, and the recording method of the file can be changed depending on whether or not the file is an AV file.

According to the above point 1, as shown in FIG. 42 (γ), the logical block is stored in the entire recording area of the information storage medium.
A first address number called Number (LBN) is assigned, and LBN is assigned to both the defective area 3452 and the replacement area 3456. As a result, the defect management can be left to the File System 2 instead of the recording / reproduction application software 1, and the recording / reproduction application software 1 can concentrate on the video information management without being bothered by the defect management. Also, unlike the Linear Replacement processing shown in FIG.
In the embodiment of FIG. 42 (γ) of the present invention, the replacement area 3456 is set in the first area, which is the user area 723 that can be recorded by the user, so that the user area 723 can be set.
The replacement area 3456 can be arranged in the vicinity of the defect area 3452 generated in the inside, and the optical head does not need to access the replacement processing for the defect area 3452, and continuous recording can be guaranteed.

[0443] By the above point 2, the replacement area 345 is set.
6 can be set at an arbitrary position in the first area, which is the User Area 723, so that the replacement area 3456 can be arranged immediately after the defective area 3452. As a result, the replacement process can be performed without making the optical head accessible at all. For this reason, continuous recording can be guaranteed even more stably.

According to the above point 3, the Logical Block Number managed by the File System 2 as shown in FIG.
By assigning the first address (LBN) and the second address, which is an AV Address managed by the recording and reproduction application software 1, to the same location on the information storage medium, the information by the recording and reproduction application software 1 and the File System 2 Manage independently and focus on each role.

According to the above point 4, compared to the linear replacement processing shown in FIG.
In the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG.
It is possible to leave the defect management on the information storage medium to ystem2. Further, as can be seen from FIGS. 35B and 59, since the AV address which is the second address number is not assigned to the defective area, the recording / reproducing application software 1 can concentrate on the video information management without performing any defect management.

According to the above point 5, File System 2
In the File Entry shown in FIG. 35, the management information corresponding to the Logical Block Number (LBN) managed by the application is provided, and the Video Object Control Inform which is the management information corresponding to the AV Address managed by the recording / playback application software 1
The information is separately recorded on the information storage medium, so that the information management by the recording / reproducing application software 1 and the File System 2 can be performed independently, and each role can be dedicated.

According to the above point 6, FIG.
The conversion between LBN and AV Address shown in FIG.
File System 2 is used. Thus, it is not necessary to cause the recording / reproduction application software 1 to perform troublesome address conversion, and it is possible to concentrate on the video information management.

According to the above points 7 and 8, an AV flag that can be identified on the File System is set in the AV file. In File System 2, the AV flag added to the AV file is identified or specified from the recording / playback application 1 (FILE_ATTRIBUTE_AUDIO_VIDEO_FILE of Create File).
The flag identifies whether the file to be recorded is an AV file or not, and changes the recording method. By performing the above processing, continuity at the time of recording can be reliably ensured for an AV file.

Next, a brief description will be given of a process from the production of an optical disk at a factory until shipment. A disc (recordable / reproducible by the phase change method, bonded to one, two or more layers) is manufactured, a physical sector number (PSN) is set, and an embossed zone is recorded in advance. Have been. Next, the disk is initialized. At this time, the formatting as set in FIGS. 9 and 10 is performed, and the recording of the rewritable zone is performed. At this time, as shown in FIG.
Areas A1, 2, 3, and 4 are created. FIG.
An area of PDL, SDL, and TDL (defect management area at the time of skipping processing) shown in (e) is created. Next, a Certify process is performed on the front of the disk. In other words, record specific data on the entire surface, try playing back the front,
This is a process for searching for a defective portion.

At this time, if the disc is created so that PC data can also be recorded and reproduced, the defect location must be specified in PDL.
To record.

When a disc is created for exclusive use in recording AV data, a defect location is used as defect management information in TDL.
(FIG. 44 (e)).

[0452] The logical block number (LBN) can be set on the disk by the above processes 2 and 3. This is because DMA (defect management area; PD)
L, SDL, TDL) can be used to create a PNL → LBN conversion table. Next, conditions are set so that UDF can be used as a file system on the disk. In other words, the Volume Reco
gnition Sequence 444 Main Volume Descriptor
Sequence 449, First Anchor Point 456,
Second Anchor Point 457, Reserve Volume De
Record the scriptor Sequence 467. Next, a place where AV data can be recorded is created. (A) Create a root directory 1450 (FIG. 31) in the recording area (LBN space) on the disc. (B) Management file RWVIDEO_ capable of recording AV data
Create CONTROL and IFO. (C) Create a file in which video / still image, audio, and thumbnail can be recorded (1401 in FIG. 31). (D) Management information based on the AV address of each file 1401 in FIG. 31 is assigned to RWVIDEO_CONTROL. IF
Record in O. At this time, the recording position information of each file (Allocation Description in File Entry) is recorded by a logical block number (LBN).

[0453] The disc created as described above is shown in FIG.
The package is shipped as shown in FIG. That is, in FIG. 94, the disk main body is housed in a cartridge, and the periphery thereof is wrapped with a wrapping sheet.

[0454]

As described above, according to the present invention,
It is possible to provide a recording method capable of performing continuous recording stably without being affected even if a large number of defective areas are present on an information storage medium, and an information recording / reproducing apparatus for performing the method. Further, it is possible to provide an information storage medium (and a data structure of information recorded therein) in which information is recorded in a format most suitable for the stable continuous recording.

Further, even if a large number of defective areas exist on the information storage medium, video information management can be stably performed without imposing a burden on the recording / reproduction application software layer (without causing the recording / reproduction application software layer to perform defect management). It is possible to provide an environment setting method (specifically, a method of recording, reproducing, and editing video information as a system). Further, according to the present invention, an information recording / reproducing apparatus and an information recording / reproducing apparatus having an optimal system for realizing the above environment can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of one embodiment of a characteristic portion of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a list of functions necessary for video information recording and reproduction.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a continuation of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a hierarchical structure of program software on a personal computer and an address space used in a writing hierarchy when recording / reproducing processing of video information is performed on a personal computer using recording / reproducing application software.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration of a personal computer.

FIG. 6 is a comparative explanatory diagram of each embodiment relating to defect management on an information storage medium and management of an unused area in an AV file.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram showing correspondence of effects of each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a layout of schematic recording contents in a DVD-RAM disk.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration in a lead-in area in a DVD-RAM disk.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing a configuration in a lead-out area in a DVD-RAM disk.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between a physical sector number and a logical sector number.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing a signal structure in a sector recorded in a data area.

FIG. 13 is an explanatory diagram showing a recording unit of information recorded in a data area.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between zones and groups in a data area.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram of a logical sector setting method in a DVD-RAM disk.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of a replacement processing method for a defective area in a data area.

FIG. 17 is an explanatory diagram of a configuration inside an information recording / reproducing unit.

FIG. 18 is an explanatory diagram of a setting operation of a logical block number in the information recording / reproducing unit.

FIG. 19 is an explanatory diagram of a defective portion processing operation in the information recording / reproducing unit.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing an example in which a file system is recorded on an information storage medium according to UDF.

FIG. 21 is a view showing a continuation of FIG. 20;

FIG. 22 is a diagram simply showing a basic relationship between the structure of a layered file system and information contents recorded on an information storage medium.

FIG. 23 is a view showing an example of the contents of a long allocation descriptor.

FIG. 24 is a diagram showing an example of the contents of a short allocation descriptor.

FIG. 25 is an explanatory diagram of the description contents of an unlocked space entry.

FIG. 26 is an explanatory view showing a part of description contents of a file entry.

FIG. 27 is an explanatory view partially showing the description contents of a file identification descriptor.

FIG. 28 is a diagram showing an example of a file system structure.

FIG. 29 is an explanatory diagram of a data structure on an information storage medium that can be recorded and reproduced.

FIG. 30 is an explanatory diagram of a data structure in an AV file recorded on an information storage medium.

FIG. 31 is an explanatory diagram of a directory structure of a data file in a data area.

FIG. 32 is an explanatory diagram of a data structure in program chain control information.

FIG. 33 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of video information reproduction using a program chain.

FIG. 34 is an explanatory diagram of a video information recording position setting method when an unused area is set in an AV file on the recording / reproduction application software side.

FIG. 35 shows a logical block number and AV in an AV file.
The figure which shows the relationship with an address.

FIG. 36 is an explanatory diagram of a handling method when a part of the AV file is deleted when an unused area in the AV file is managed on the recording / reproducing application side in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 37 is an explanatory diagram of a data structure inside video object control information.

FIG. 38 is a conceptual diagram of a recording system shown to explain continuity of a recording signal.

FIG. 39 is an explanatory diagram of the state of the information storage amount in the semiconductor memory when the access frequency is highest in the recording system.

FIG. 40 is an explanatory diagram of the state of the information storage amount in the semiconductor memory when the video information recording time and the access time are balanced in the recording system.

FIG. 41 is an explanatory diagram of a data structure in an allocation map table when a boundary position of a continuous data area is managed by a recording / playback application in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 42 is an explanatory diagram for comparing spiking replacement and linear replacement when the information recording / reproducing apparatus manages defect management information.

FIG. 43 is a view for explaining an example of movement of an optical head (pickup) on a track.

FIG. 44 is an explanatory diagram of a data structure of defect management information on an information storage medium managed by the information recording / reproducing device in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 45 is an explanatory diagram of a data structure of defect management information on an information storage medium managed by the file system 2 in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 46 is an explanatory diagram for comparing a spiking replacement and a linear replacement when managed based on the defect management information in FIG. 45;

FIG. 47 is a view for explaining another example in a case where the file system 2 manages defect management information.

FIG. 48 is a flowchart showing a procedure for creating a substitute area setting file.

FIG. 49 is a flowchart for explaining a replacement process using a replacement area setting file.

FIG. 50 is a flowchart showing a procedure for creating a substitute area setting file.

FIG. 51 is an explanatory diagram of additional recording video information and unused areas in a continuous day area in each embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 52 is an explanatory diagram of a recording location of an information length designated for each file and an attribute description location for each extent.

FIG. 53 is an explanatory diagram relating to a method of partially deleting an AV file in each embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 54 is an explanatory diagram relating to another example of a method of partially deleting an AV file in each embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 55 is an explanatory diagram relating to another example of a method of partially deleting an AV file according to each embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 56 is an explanatory diagram of the contents of the continuous day area boundary position information and its recording location in one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 57 is an explanatory view showing another example of the unused area setting method in the extent according to the present invention.

FIG. 58 is an explanatory diagram of a recording method including a defective area according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 59 is an explanatory diagram of a recording method which avoids a defective area in one embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 60 is an explanatory diagram of a continuous data area setting method and an extent pre-setting method before recording according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 61 is a view showing a schematic configuration of an information recording / reproducing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 62 is a view for explaining a problem of a write command;

FIG. 63 is a view schematically showing a recording procedure of video information in the present invention.

FIG. 64 is a view showing details of step ST01 in FIG. 63;

FIG. 65 is a diagram showing details of step ST02 in FIG. 63;

FIG. 66 shows details of step ST03 in FIG. 63.

FIG. 67 is a view showing details of step ST04 in FIG. 63.

FIG. 68 is a view showing the contents of various API Commands used when recording video information in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 69 is an explanatory view showing commands to the information recording / reproducing device according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 70 is an explanatory view showing a place where identification information of an AV file according to the present invention is recorded.

FIG. 71 is an explanatory view showing another example of a place where identification information of an AV file according to the present invention is recorded.

FIG. 72 is a conceptual view shown for explaining a method for continuously recording video information according to the present invention.

FIG. 73 is an explanatory diagram of a recording method for the information storage medium according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 74 is an explanatory diagram of a recording method for the information storage medium according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 75 is an explanatory view of a recording method for the information storage medium according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 76 is an explanatory diagram of a recording method for the information storage medium according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 77 is an explanatory view of a recording method to the information storage medium according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 78 is an explanatory view of a recording method to the information storage medium according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 79 is an explanatory view of a recording method to the information storage medium according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 80 is an explanatory view of a recording method to the information storage medium according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 81 is a view showing a procedure for reproducing video information according to the present invention.

FIG. 82 is an exemplary view showing the procedure of partial erasure in an AV file according to the present invention;

FIG. 83 is an explanatory view of a recording / erasing method viewed from the recording / reproducing application according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 84 is an explanatory view in the case where new information is overwritten and recorded from the middle of the existing continuous data area.

FIG. 85 is an explanatory diagram in a case where new information is overwritten and recorded halfway in an existing continuous data area.

FIG. 86 is an explanatory diagram in the case of performing partial deletion in an AV file in units of a continuous data area;

FIG. 87 is an explanatory diagram showing command parameters and their contents according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 88 is an explanatory diagram showing command parameters and their contents according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 89 is an explanatory view showing command parameters and their contents according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 90 is an explanatory diagram showing command parameters and their contents according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 91 is an explanatory diagram of a video data recording process according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 92 is an explanatory diagram of a video data recording process according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 93 is an explanatory diagram of a video data recording process according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 94 is a view showing a state where the disk according to the present invention is packed.

[Explanation of symbols]

100 optical disk, 1004 data area, 723
... user area, 724 ... spare area, 3443, 3
444: recording area, 3452: defective area, 3456: alternative area, 3449: non-recording area

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) G11B 20/18 572 G11B 20/18 572C 572F F term (Reference) 5D044 AB05 AB07 BC06 CC04 DE03 DE12 DE38 DE62 DE64 5D090 AA01 BB04 CC01 CC04 CC14 DD03 DD05 FF24 FF27 FF36 GG28

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An information storage medium capable of recording and reproducing information, wherein an area in which information can be recorded on the information storage medium at the time of use is a first area, and a replacement area for a defective area on the information storage medium. Wherein at least one defect area and a replacement area are included in the first area, and the first address number for specifying an address in the first area is the at least one area. An information recording method characterized in that a defect area and a replacement area are also provided. 2. An information storage medium capable of recording and reproducing information, comprising: a first address number specifying method for specifying an address for an information recording area; and a second address number different from the first address number specifying method. An information recording method, wherein both the first address number and the second address number are assigned to the same location in a recording area on an information storage medium using an address number designation method. 3. An information recording method, wherein at least one file is recorded, and identification information of an audio video (AV) file is recorded in at least one of the recorded files. 4. An area in which information can be recorded on an information storage medium at the time of use is defined as a first area, and a replacement area for a defect area on the information storage medium is provided. An area is included in the first area, and the first address number designating the address in the first area is assigned including the at least one defective area and the replacement area. An information storage medium on which information is recorded. 5. A method according to claim 1, wherein an area in which information can be recorded on the information storage medium at the time of use is a first area, and a replacement area for a defect area on the information storage medium is provided. An area is included in the first area, and the first address number designating the address in the first area is assigned including the at least one defective area and the replacement area. A method for reproducing information from an information storage medium on which information has been recorded, comprising: reading the information on the information recording medium; and referring to the first address obtained from the reading means, thereby obtaining the defective area and An information reproducing method, wherein address management of a substitute area is performed.