JP2000093830A - Waste crushing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To structure the whole of a device compact by improving crushing efficiency and preventing the scattering of dust or chips. SOLUTION: A feed port 1O is provided on the upper part of a vertical hopper 6 and a cutter 13 composed of a rotary blade 14, and a fixed blade 15 is arranged on the under part of the hopper 6. A pusher 22 is provided inside of the hopper 6 and waste is compressed by driving an elevating body 23 with a hydraulic cylinder 25 and pressurizing the whole area of the upper surface of the rotary blade 14. A thrust plate 35 is provided vertically and rotationally in front of the pusher 22 and is pressed with a gas spring 38 to a compressed section 34 side to thrust the waste between the pusher 22 and the cutter 13. The opening position of the thrust plate 35 is detected by a switch 40 and the pusher 22 is held in the stopping state. A take-out port 41 of foreign matter is formed in the hopper 6 and it is covered with a curved opening and closing plate 42, a slope part 43 is provided at the under side thereof and the compressed section 34 is formed into a tapered state made narrower downward.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for crushing various kinds of waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there is known a waste crushing apparatus as shown in FIG. This conventional apparatus uses a hopper 5
1 is dropped naturally on the lower part of
, And is crushed by the rotating blade 53 and the fixed blade 54. This type of horizontal pressurizing crusher is disclosed in JP-A-8-103678, JP-A-8-141424, and JP-A-9-313.
968 or Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 4-26038.

[0003]

However, according to the conventional crushing apparatus, the amount of waste that can be crushed in one stroke of the pusher 52 is small because the naturally dropped waste is pressurized by the pusher 52, and the disposal of plastic containers and the like is difficult. There is a problem that the material easily escapes from the crushing portion and the crushing efficiency is insufficient. Further, since the hopper 51 is always open, dust and debris may scatter outside the hopper 51 in some cases. Further, the pusher 52 protrudes in the horizontal direction, and there is a disadvantage that the entire apparatus becomes large.

[0004] Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a waste crushing apparatus which can improve crushing efficiency, prevent scattering of dust and debris, and can be configured compactly.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a waste crushing apparatus according to the present invention is provided with a waste inlet at an upper portion of a vertical hopper and crushes the waste at a lower portion of the hopper. The cutter is arranged, and a pusher for compressing waste above the cutter and a pushing member for pushing waste between the pusher and the cutter are provided inside the hopper (claim 1).

Further, in the waste crushing apparatus of the present invention, the position where the pushing member closes the compression chamber between the pusher and the cutter is determined so that the pushing member can be used to prevent scattering of dust and debris. It is provided rotatably up and down at a position where the chamber is opened (claim 2). In this case, in order to facilitate the operation of the pushing member, a mechanism for opening and closing the pushing member and an urging member for urging the pushing member toward the compression chamber may be provided.

[0007] In order to ensure safety at the time of waste input,
It is desirable to provide a means for detecting the open position of the pushing member and stopping the pusher (claim 4). In order to efficiently push the waste, the hopper may be provided with a curved portion along the rotation locus of the pushing member, and an inclined portion below the curved portion to reduce the sectional area of the compression chamber toward the cutter. 5). Further, it is preferable that an outlet for taking out foreign substances in the waste is formed in the hopper, and the outlet is opened and closed using a curved portion.

Further, in the crushing device of the present invention, in order to crush the waste efficiently, the cutter is constituted by a rotary blade and a fixed blade, and the pusher presses the waste over substantially the entire upper surface of the rotary blade. An elevating body is provided (claim 7). In this case, in order to prevent a lump of waste from being clogged between the rotary blade and the fixed blade, it is preferable to provide a means for reversing the rotary blade when the elevating body is raised (claim 8). Also, a motor is used as a drive source of the rotary blade so that the rotation speed of the rotary blade can be automatically adjusted according to the load, and a sensor for detecting the number of rotations of the motor, and means for controlling the motor based on a signal of the sensor. Is provided (claim 9).

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows the appearance of a waste crusher, and FIGS. 2 and 3 show the internal structure of the same. The crushing apparatus of this embodiment includes a base 1 and a mechanism 2. Inside the base 1, a crushed piece collection box 3 and a control panel 4 are provided. A machine box 5 is provided inside the mechanism section 2, and a vertical hopper 6 is installed on the machine box 5. The machine box 5 and the hopper 6 are covered with a cover 7, and an operation panel 8 is provided on a front surface of the cover 7.

At the upper end of the hopper 6, a waste inlet 1 is provided.
0 is provided, and a scattering prevention sheet 1
1 is suspended. A waste outlet 12 is formed at the lower end of the hopper 6, and a cutter 13 for crushing the waste is disposed below the outlet 12. Cutter 1
3 comprises a rotary blade 14 and a fixed blade 15;
4 is supported by the machine box 5 by a shaft 16 while closing the discharge port 12 from below, and the fixed blade 15 is fixed to the machine box 5 by a bracket 17 so as to mesh with the rotary blade 14 from the side.

The shaft 16 of the rotary blade 14 is connected to a motor 18 (see FIG. 1), and the motor 18 is provided with a rotation sensor 19 for detecting the number of rotations. And control panel 4
A motor control circuit (not shown) for feedback-controlling the motor 18 based on a signal from the rotation sensor 19 is incorporated in the apparatus, so that the rotation speed of the rotary blade 14 can be automatically adjusted according to the load.

A vertical plate 21 is provided inside the hopper 6, and a pusher 22 for compressing waste above the cutter 13 is provided behind the vertical wall 21. The pusher 22 includes an elevating body 23 that presses the waste material to substantially the entire upper surface of the rotary blade 14, a rod 24 that guides the elevating body 23, and a hydraulic cylinder 25 that drives the elevating body 23.

The elevating body 23 includes a front plate 26 slidably contacting the vertical plate 21, a bottom plate 27 having substantially the same size as the discharge port 12,
The rear plate 28 slidingly contacting the rear wall, the rotary blade 14 and the fixed blade 15
And a swash plate 29 which can enter into the meshing portion with.
The hydraulic cylinder 25 includes a bracket 31 fixed to the hopper 6.
The rod 24 is slidably inserted through a sleeve 32 erected on a bracket 31, and a stopper 33 for determining the upper and lower limit positions of the elevating body 23 is fixed to the upper end of the rod 24.

The control panel 4 incorporates a sequencer (not shown) for correlating and controlling the hydraulic cylinder 25 and the motor 18 in cooperation with the motor control circuit. When the lifting body 23 is lifted after the hydraulic cylinder 25 performs a predetermined stroke operation, the motor 1
8 is stopped and then reversed, and the rotary blade 14 is reversed,
The lump of waste is diffused from the meshing portion between the rotary blade 14 and the fixed blade 15 to prevent the cutter 13 from being clogged. In the case of hard-to-crush waste, the motor 1
Control such as reducing the speed of the hydraulic cylinder 25 in conjunction with the decrease in the rotation speed of the motor 8 or increasing the speed of the hydraulic cylinder 25 in conjunction with the increase in the rotation speed of the motor 18 in the case of easily crushable waste. Is also possible.

On the other hand, in front of the vertical plate 21, waste is put into the hopper 6 by a pusher 22 and a cutter 13.
And a pushing plate 35 to be pushed between them. The pushing plate 35 is supported on the side wall of the hopper 6 by a horizontal shaft 36 so as to be rotatable up and down. A handle 37 is connected to one end of the horizontal shaft 36. The push plate 35 is manually operated by the handle 37 so as to close the compression chamber 34 between the pusher 22 and the cutter 13 (see FIG. 3) and to move the compression chamber 3
4 (see FIG. 2).

A gas spring 38 is provided on the side wall of the hopper 6.
Is swingably supported, and its movable end is connected to a horizontal shaft 36 via a lever 39.
Thus, an urging member for urging the pressing plate 35 toward the compression chamber 34 is formed. On the side wall of the hopper 6, a switch 40 for detecting the open position of the pushing plate 35 is attached so as to engage with the upper end of the gas spring 38.
Then, the sequencer stops the hydraulic cylinder 25 when the switch 40 is turned on in order to ensure safety at the time of introducing waste.

The front wall of the hopper 6 has an outlet 41 for taking out unsuitable foreign matter such as a film from the waste,
An opening / closing plate 42 that covers the opening 41 so as to be openable and closable;
And an inclined portion 43 for reducing the sectional area of the compression chamber 34 toward the cutter 13 at the lower side. The opening / closing plate 42 is a curved portion along the rotation locus of the tip of the pressing plate 35, is attached to the hopper 6 by a hinge 44, can be opened and closed by a handle 45, and can adjust the gap with the pressing plate 35. .

Next, the operation of the waste crusher configured as described above will be described. At the time of crushing the waste, first, as shown in FIG. 2, the handle 37 is tilted backward, the pushing plate 35 is arranged at the open position, and
It is thrown into the hopper 6 from 0. At this time, the switch 40 is turned on by the gas spring 38, and the pusher 22 is held in a stopped state, so that the worker can safely put waste in by hand. In addition, when unsuitable foreign matter is mixed in the waste, the cutter 13 can be prevented from being damaged by opening the opening / closing plate 42 and removing the foreign matter from the outlet 41. .

After the waste is charged, as shown in FIG. 3, the handle 37 is tilted forward, and the pushing plate 35 is urged toward the compression chamber 34 by the spring force of the gas spring 38, and the waste is compressed. , And the compression chamber 34 is closed with a pushing plate 35. At this time, the gas spring 38 swings forward, the switch 40 is turned off, and the pusher 22 becomes operable. In this state, when the operation button on the operation panel 8 is pressed, the hydraulic cylinder 25 and the motor 18 are activated, and the elevating body 23 compresses the waste in the compression chamber 34.
4 and the fixed blade 15 crush the compressed waste, and the crushed pieces fall into the collection box 3. In addition, the operation mode of the pusher 22 may input the required number of strokes on the operation panel 8,
The degree of difficulty of crushing the waste may be determined from the number of rotations of the motor 18 and the number of strokes adapted thereto may be automatically set, or
Continuous operation until the stop button is pressed may be performed.

According to the crushing apparatus of this embodiment, the pusher 22 and the pushing plate 35 move up and down inside the vertical hopper 6, so that the whole apparatus can be made compact and installed in a relatively narrow space. it can. Further, since the compression chamber 34 is formed in a tapered shape with a constriction formed by the curved opening / closing plate 42 and the inclined portion 43, the waste is not left at the upper portion of the hopper 6 and is pushed toward the cutter 13 by the pushing plate 35. It can be pushed in efficiently.

In particular, at the time of crushing, the pressing plate 35 is
4 is closed, the elevating body 23 removes the waste from the rotary blade 14.
In the case of easily crushable waste such as a plastic container, it can be crushed in one stroke of the elevating body 23 in a short time because the pressure is applied to substantially the entire area of the upper surface. Can be efficiently crushed without escaping from the compression chamber 34. In addition, dust and debris accompanying the crushing are less likely to scatter outside from the input port 10.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and may be embodied by appropriately changing the shape and configuration of each part without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

[0023]

As described above in detail, according to the waste crushing apparatus of the present invention, the pusher for compressing the waste above the cutter and the pushing member for pushing the waste between the pusher and the cutter are provided. Because of the provision, excellent effects are obtained in that the efficiency of crushing waste is improved, dust and debris are prevented from being scattered, and the entire apparatus can be made compact.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a waste crusher according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing the internal structure of the device.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing the operation of the same device.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a conventional waste crusher.

[Explanation of symbols]

6. Hopper, 10 ... Inlet, 12 ... Outlet, 1
3 ... Cutter, 14 ... Rotating blade, 15 ... Fixed blade, 1
8. Motor, 19 Rotation sensor, 22 Pusher, 23 Lifting body, 25 Hydraulic cylinder, 34
-Compression chamber, 35-Push plate, 37-Handle, 38-
Gas spring, 40 switch, 41 outlet, 42 opening / closing plate, 43 inclined part.

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A waste hopper is provided at an upper portion of a vertical hopper, a cutter for crushing the waste is disposed at a lower portion of the hopper, and a pusher for compressing the waste above the cutter is provided inside the hopper; A waste crushing device comprising a pushing member for pushing waste between a pusher and a cutter. 2. The waste crushing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pushing member is vertically rotatable at a position for closing the compression chamber between the pusher and the cutter and at a position for opening the compression chamber. 3. The waste crushing device according to claim 2, further comprising a mechanism for opening and closing the pushing member and an urging member for urging the pushing member toward the compression chamber. 4. The waste crushing device according to claim 2, further comprising means for detecting an open position of the pushing member and stopping the pusher. 5. The waste crushing device according to claim 2, wherein the hopper is provided with a curved portion along the rotation locus of the pushing member, and an inclined portion below the curved portion to reduce the cross-sectional area of the compression chamber toward the cutter. apparatus. 6. The waste crushing device according to claim 5, wherein an outlet for taking out foreign substances in the waste is formed in the hopper, and the outlet is openably opened and closed by a curved portion. 7. The waste crushing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the cutter comprises a rotary blade and a fixed blade, and a pusher is provided with an elevating body for pressing the waste over substantially the entire upper surface of the rotary blade. 8. The waste crushing apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising means for rotating the rotary blade in reverse when the lifting body is lifted. 9. The waste crushing apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising a sensor that detects the number of rotations of the motor by using a motor as a drive source of the rotary blade, and that controls the motor based on a signal from the sensor.