JP2000075530A - Transparent substrate for electrophotographic photoreceptor, its production, electrophotographic photoreceptor using the same, and method and device for image forming - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a highly transparent substrate having a uniform surface, which is excellent in adhesiveness with an electroconductive layer and free from the exfoliation when it is used, and which gives an excellent photoreceptor which hardly takes scratches on the surface and exhibits high operation performance without troubles by dipping and coating the inner and outer surfaces of the transparent substrate with a coating liquid containing a coupling agent. SOLUTION: In a transparent substrate for an electrophotographic photoreceptor having an electroconductive layer and a photosensitive layer on its surface, the inner surface and the outer surface of the substrate are coated with a coating liquid containing a coupling agent, by dip-coating. The substrate is, representatively, produced by the centrifugal polymerization method. In this case, the shaft of a mold C1 of a production apparatus is set to be horizontal and, after a polymerizable liquid material is fed, the mold is rotated with a high speed. After molding, a cylindrical substrate is taken out by allowing one of mold-supporting members C3, C3 to move in the direction indicated by the arrow B. The mold C1 is held between the mold-supporting members C3, C3 so that the liquid material does not leak.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a translucent substrate for an electrophotographic photosensitive member used in a monochrome or color copying machine, a printer, and the like, a method of manufacturing the same, an electrophotographic photosensitive member using the same, and an image forming method. And an image forming apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an image forming apparatus for forming an image by an electrophotographic system, charging, image exposure and development are performed on a rotating drum or belt-like electrostatic image forming body (photoconductor) to form the electrostatic image. A toner image is formed on a body, and the toner image is transferred to a transfer material and fixed. In order to fulfill this function, the electrostatic image forming body is not changed in the space and pressure contact state with the charger, the exposure device, the developing device, the transfer device, the static eliminator, the cleaning device, etc. which are arranged in the periphery thereof. It must be maintained at a predetermined timing and move at a constant speed. To be used more repeatedly,
When the role in the image forming process of one cycle is completed, it is necessary to return to the original position in the original state in preparation for the next image forming cycle. In order to make this series of movements smooth and to efficiently use expensive members such as photoreceptors, in practical devices, photoreceptors having a photosensitive layer provided on the peripheral surface of an almost cylindrical substrate are used as photoreceptors. Drums are used. As the material of the cylindrical substrate, a metal material such as aluminum is often used. However, there is a limit in productivity and cost reduction in forming a cylindrical substrate by machining using a metal material.

[0003] On the other hand, plastic is considered to be a preferable material because of its light weight and low cost, but it is not easy to produce a cylinder with high precision and industrially efficiently.

In addition, since the resin substrate has no conductivity, it is necessary to apply a conductive layer on the substrate. However, the adhesion between the substrate and the conductive layer is generally poor, and the film tends to peel off during use. In addition, the inner surface of the substrate is easily scratched when it comes into contact with an exposure device housed therein when the photoreceptor is mounted or an image is formed.

As will be described in detail later, for an image forming apparatus having a configuration in which image exposure is performed from the inside of the electrophotographic photosensitive member, the cylindrical substrate of the electrophotographic photosensitive member is transparent to light exposed from the inside without being damaged. Therefore, metal cannot be used as the base material. Therefore, although a resin substrate is used, there is a problem that it cannot be practically used due to the above problems. As described above, an excellent light-transmitting substrate for an image forming apparatus has been desired, but it has not been put to practical use. Therefore, an image having a configuration in which image exposure is performed from the inside of an electrophotographic photoreceptor is adopted. At present, the forming apparatus has not been put into practical use.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems. An object of the present invention is to have a uniform surface shape, high transparency, good adhesion between the substrate and the conductive layer, no peeling of the film during use, and a scratch on the photoreceptor surface, especially on the inner surface, and a failure of the photoreceptor performance. No,
An object of the present invention is to provide a translucent substrate for an electrophotographic photosensitive member that is easy to handle, a method for manufacturing the same, an electrophotographic photosensitive member using the same, an image forming method, and an image forming apparatus.

[0007]

The object of the present invention is attained by adopting one of the following constitutions.

[1] A translucent substrate for an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a conductive layer and a photosensitive layer on the surface, wherein the substrate is formed by dip coating an inner surface and an outer surface with a coating solution containing a coupling agent. A translucent substrate for an electrophotographic photoreceptor, characterized in that:

[2] The light-transmitting material for an electrophotographic photosensitive member according to [1], wherein a coating solution containing a coupling agent, which is formed of a vinyl polymer resin, is simultaneously applied to the inner surface and the outer surface. Substrate.

[3] The translucent substrate for an electrophotographic photosensitive member according to [1], which is produced by a centrifugal polymerization method.

[4] The translucent substrate for an electrophotographic photosensitive member according to [1], which is formed of a crosslinked polymer resin.

[5] In a method for producing a light-transmitting substrate formed of a polymer resin for forming an electrophotographic photoreceptor by forming a conductive layer and a photosensitive layer on the surface, the method comprises the steps of: A method for producing a translucent substrate for an electrophotographic photosensitive member, comprising applying a coating solution containing a coupling agent to an outer surface by dip coating.

[6] In an electrophotographic photosensitive member having a conductive layer and a photosensitive layer on the surface of a transparent polymer resin substrate, a coating solution containing a coupling agent is dip-coated on the inner surface and the outer surface of the transparent substrate. An electrophotographic photoreceptor, characterized by using a substrate coated by the above method.

[7] The electrophotographic photoreceptor according to [6], which is a photoreceptor for internal exposure, which is imagewise exposed through a light transmitting substrate.

[8] The surface of the electrophotographic photoreceptor is uniformly charged, and image exposure and color development are repeated to form a multicolor superimposed image, which is subjected to batch transfer, separation, fixing, and photoreceptor cleaning steps. In an image forming apparatus for forming an image, a conductive layer and a photosensitive layer are provided on a light-transmitting substrate, and the light-transmitting substrate formed of resin is provided with an inner surface of the light-transmitting substrate before the photosensitive layer is provided. Image formation using an electrophotographic photosensitive member having an outer surface coated with a coating solution containing a coupling agent by dip coating, transmitting an image through a translucent substrate, and forming an image by non-contact development. apparatus.

[0016]

[9] A process of uniformly charging the surface of the electrophotographic photoreceptor, an image exposing process, and a color developing process are repeated to form a multicolor superimposed image, and a batch transfer process, a separating process, a fixing process, and a photoreceptor cleaning process. In the image forming method including the respective steps, a conductive layer and a photosensitive layer are provided on a light-transmitting substrate, and the light-transmitting substrate formed of a resin has an inner surface which is provided before the photosensitive layer is provided. An image characterized by forming an image by non-contact development using an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a coating solution containing a coupling agent dip-coated on its outer surface, passing through a translucent substrate, and exposing the image. Forming method.

As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found that in an electrophotographic photoreceptor, before providing a conductive layer or a photosensitive layer on a light-transmitting substrate formed of a resin, the inner surface of the light-transmitting substrate may be removed. The present inventors have found that various characteristics can be improved by dip-coating a coating solution containing a coupling agent on the outer surface, and have reached the present invention.

That is, since the adhesion between the substrate and the conductive layer can be improved, the durability can be improved without peeling off the film when the photoreceptor is repeatedly used. Since the coupling agent layer is also formed inside, the water repellency and the slipperiness are improved, so that the exposure device is hardly damaged when the exposure device is inserted and the internal exposure type image forming device is assembled. At this time, by dip coating, it is possible to easily simultaneously coat both the inner and outer surfaces of the substrate, so that the manufacturing process is simple, the productivity is high, and the cost can be kept low.

The coupling agent that can be used in the present invention may be any as long as it can improve the adhesiveness between the substrate and the conductive layer. Preferred examples include the following silane-based or titanate-based ones. can give.

[0020]

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[0021]

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[0022]

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[0023]

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[0024]

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[0025]

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The material of the photoreceptor substrate in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a translucent resin substrate, and various materials can be applied. Is good.

The composition, layer constitution and coating method of the photosensitive layer are not particularly limited, and various types can be applied. As will be described later, an organic photosensitive material is mainly used, and the charge transport function and the charge It is most suitable for a photoreceptor having a so-called function-separated type organic photosensitive layer in which the generating function is shared by another compound and contained in another layer.

(Translucent Substrate) The translucent substrate for an electrophotographic photosensitive member in the present invention is produced by a centrifugal polymerization method, injection molding, extrusion molding or the like.

The production by the centrifugal polymerization method, which is a typical production method, will be specifically described as shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2 shows an example of the production apparatus. In the manufacturing apparatus of FIG.
C1 is a cylindrical mold, and the inner surface forms a good cylindrical surface with high accuracy. C2 is a heating member for heating from outside the mold C1. C3 is a mold holding member that sandwiches the mold C1 from the left and right, so that the liquid inside the mold C1 does not leak in the sandwiched state. C4 is an inlet for injecting the polymerizable liquid material. C5 is a thermometer for measuring the temperature inside the mold C1.
This apparatus has a structure in which the axis of the mold C1 is adjusted to be horizontal, and after the polymerizable liquid material is injected, the apparatus rotates at a high speed. After the molding, the cylindrical substrate is taken out by moving one mold holding member C3 in the direction of arrow B.

In the manufacturing process shown in FIG. 1, a vinyl polymerizable liquid material, for example, as a radical polymerizable monomer, a methyl methacrylate monomer is used.
Divinylbenzene is added as a polyfunctional vinyl compound, and azoisobutyronitrile is added as a polymerization initiator.
Prepolymerize to a state of 0 cp or more and 400 cp or less and pour into a cylindrical mold C1. This cylindrical mold usually has an inner diameter of 20 m.
m to 200 mm, length 200 mm to 200
0 mm or less. While rotating this for each type,
Proper heating promotes uniform polymerization. After the polymerization, annealing and cooling to a temperature close to room temperature,
The obtained substrate is removed from the mold. After the cutting process and the cleaning process of the present invention, the light-transmitting substrate for electrophotographic photosensitive members is completed after the cutting process and the cleaning process in actuality since the cutting and actually the surface have considerable work mistakes and scratches during handling.

The above-mentioned centrifugal polymerization method preferably used in the present invention does not leave dice scratches and dust powder on the surface of the cylindrical substrate, and particularly the inner surface is formed into a natural surface obtained by centrifugal force, It forms an extremely smooth inner surface.

A preferable material for producing the substrate of the present invention is obtained by copolymerizing a radically polymerizable monomer and a polyfunctional vinyl compound (crosslinkable monomer) in the presence of a radical polymerization initiator. it can.

This will be described in more detail below.

The monomer capable of undergoing radical polymerization used in the present invention is preferably a vinyl-based monomer such as styrene, α-methylstyrene, m-methylstyrene, or p-methylstyrene.
Side-chain alkyl-substituted styrene such as methylstyrene, nuclear alkyl-substituted styrene such as vinyltoluene, p-chlorostyrene, o-chlorostyrene, m-chlorostyrene, p-
Bromostyrene, o-bromostyrene, n-bromostyrene, 2,4-dichlorostyrene, 2,4-dibromostyrene, 4-chloro-α-methylstyrene, 4-bromo-α-methylstyrene, 2,4,6 -Halogenated styrenes such as trichlorostyrene, 2,4,6-tribromostyrene, pentachlorostyrene and pentabromostyrene, vinyl benzoate, 2-vinylnaphthalene, 4-vinylbiphenyl and 1,1'-diphenylethylene; Aromatic vinyl monomers, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, fumaronitrile, maleonitrile, vinyl cyanide monomers such as α-chloroacrylonitrile, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, amyl Tacrylate, hexyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, nonyl methacrylate, dodecyl methacrylate, octadecyl methacrylate, stearyl methacrylate, octyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, allyl methacrylate, dicyclopentanyl methacrylate, norbornyl methacrylate, adamantyl methacrylate, isobornyl methacrylate, Phenoxyethyl methacrylate, phenyl methacrylate, benzyl methacrylate, naphthyl methacrylate, butoxyethyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, amyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, octyl acrylate, stearyl acryle (Meth) acrylic acid alkyl esters such as 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, and benzyl acrylate; (meth) acrylic acids such as methacrylic acid and acrylic acid; 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate , 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 2
OH group-containing (meth) acrylates such as -hydroxy-3-phenoxypropyl (meth) acrylate and tetrahydrofurfuryl (meth) acrylate; epoxy group-containing (meth) acrylates such as glycidyl (meth) acrylate; N, N N-containing (meth) acrylates such as diethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate, (meth) acrylates containing an ether group such as butoxytriethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, ethoxydiethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, maleic acid, and maleic anhydride Acid, dimethyl maleate, dibutyl malate, maleic acid esters such as dibenzyl malate, itaconic acid, itaconic anhydride, itaconic anhydride, benzyl itaconate, itaconic acid such as dibenzyl itaconate,
Itaconic esters, fumaric acid, dimethyl fumarate, dibutyl fumarate, diisopropyl fumarate,
Dibenzyl fumarate, fumaric acid such as dicyclohexyl fumarate, fumaric acid esters, and other monomers include vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride,
Nt-butylmaleimide, N-laurylmaleimide,
N-alkylmaleimides such as N-cyclohexylmaleimide, N-phenylmaleimide, No-chlorophenylmaleimide and N-dimethylphenylmaleimide;
-Phenylmaleimides and mixtures thereof are preferably used. More preferably, the radical polymerizable monomer contains methyl methacrylate in an amount of 20% by weight or more, preferably 40% by weight or more.

The polyfunctional vinyl compound (crosslinker monomer) used in the present invention includes divinylbenzene, metadivinylbenzene, 4,4'-divinylbiphenyl,
3,3'-divinyl biphenyl, 3,4'-divinyl biphenyl, ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, diethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate,
1,4-butanediol di (meth) acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, divinyl phthalate, diallyl phthalate, divinyl isophthalate, diallyl isophthalate, divinyl terephthalate, diallyl terephthalate, diallyl Naphthenate,
Triallyl isocyanurate, diallyl carbonate,
One or more selected from diethylene glycol bisallyl carbonate and the like are used in combination as a crosslinking agent.

The amount of the crosslinking agent is 0.05% of the total amount of the raw material monomers (radical polymerizable monomer + polyfunctional vinyl compound).
It is good to use in the range of -90% by weight. If the content is less than 0.05% by weight, heat resistance may not be satisfied. If the content is more than 90% by weight, the resin becomes hard but brittle, and thus may have poor mechanical durability.

In the polymer resin for a substrate used in the present invention, the radical polymerization initiator used is not particularly limited, and an active radical is generated by an active energy ray such as visible light, infrared ray, ultraviolet ray, microwave, electron beam or heat. Whatever occurs is acceptable.

Examples of radical polymerization initiators that generate active radicals by heat include benzoyl peroxide, diisopropylperoxydicarbonate, t-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate, t-butylperoxypivalate, and t-butylperoxydiisobu. Tylates, lauroyl peroxide, t-butylperoxyacetate, t-butylperoxyoctoate, t-butylperoxybenzoate, di-t-butylperoxide, azobisisobutyronitrile (azoisobutyronitrile), etc. .

As a radical polymerization initiator for generating an active radical by an activation energy ray, acetophenone,
Benzophenone, benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one, hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone, methylphenylglyoxylate, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide, benzyl There are dimethyl ketal and the like, and they can be used alone or as a mixture when used.

The mixing ratio of the radical polymerization initiator varies depending on the type of the radical polymerization initiator, the type of the vinyl-based monomer, the polymerization curing temperature, and the like. In general, it is based on 100 parts by weight of the copolymerizable vinyl-based monomer. And preferably 0.01 to 8 parts by weight, particularly preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight. If the mixing ratio of the radical polymerization initiator is less than 0.01 part by weight, it may take a long time for polymerization and curing. If the amount of the polymerization initiator exceeds 8 parts by weight, the polymer may become brittle or colored.

Preferred non-vinyl polymer resins constituting the substrate of the present invention include polyamide, polyimide, and the like.
Examples include epoxy resin, polycarbonate, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polyester, polyarylate, polyphenylene oxide, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene terephthalate, and polymethylpentene. After these polymers are injection-molded or extruded, the surface is cut to produce the transparent cylindrical substrate of the present invention.

Further, a non-crosslinked vinyl polymer resin can also be used as a base material in the above-mentioned molding method.

In any case, the substrate of the present invention preferably has a light transmittance of 70% or more. More than 70% is 500-850
It means that 70% or more of the total light amount of nm can be transmitted.

The substrate is desirably washed before applying the coupling agent.

The washing method is not particularly limited.
Specifically, the following method is mentioned.

(1) Means of immersing the substrate in an aqueous solution of a surfactant to perform ultrasonic cleaning.

(2) Means of immersing the substrate in an aqueous surfactant solution and gently rubbing the surface of the substrate with a sponge or brush.

(3) Means of immersing in a surfactant aqueous solution.

The above cleaning means may be used in appropriate combination.

After the washing with the aqueous surfactant solution, a drying step is performed, but the drying means is not particularly limited. For example, hot pure water pull-drying, isopropanol drying, steam drying and the like are used.

(Formation of Conductive Layer and Photosensitive Layer) A coating solution containing a coupling agent is dip-coated on the outer and inner surfaces of the substrate by a known method, and then a conductive layer and a photosensitive layer are formed. For example, a conductive layer and a charge generation layer are formed on the substrate surface by a vapor deposition method, a dip coating method, a ring coating method, a spray coating method, or a circular amount control type coating method, and then a charge transport layer is formed on the charge generation layer. Form.

The conductive layer is formed by vapor deposition or sputtering of a metal or metal oxide such as aluminum or ITO (indium tin oxide), or by coating a conductive resin with a mixture of ITO and alumina conductive fine particles and a resin. A typical example is a method based on film formation.

Prior to coating the photosensitive layer, the charge generation layer is used to improve the adhesion and coating properties of the photosensitive layer, cover defects on the substrate surface, and improve the charge injection property from the substrate to the charge generation layer. In many cases, an intermediate layer (undercoat layer) is provided below. Examples of the material include a resin intermediate layer such as polyamide, copolymerizable nylon, casein, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose, and gelatin, or a curable intermediate layer using an organic metal chelate compound as described in JP-A-9-68870. Is well known. These are dissolved in various organic solvents and the like, and applied on a substrate so that the film thickness becomes about 0.01 to 5 μm.

In the formation of the photosensitive layer, an inorganic photoconductor layer may be formed by vapor deposition or the like. However, an organic photoconductor layer, in particular, a function separation type containing both a charge transport material and a charge generation material, may be used. In particular, it is preferable to form by applying an organic photoreceptor of a type in which each is separately laminated.

The charge generation layer (CGL) contains, as a main component, a charge generation substance that generates charges by light irradiation, and if necessary, contains a known binder, plasticizer, and sensitizer. 0
It is applied on the conductive layer or the undercoat layer to have a thickness of less than μm (dry film thickness).

Examples of the charge generating substance (CGM) include perylene pigments, polycyclic quinone pigments, phthalocyanine pigments, metal phthalocyanine pigments, squarium dyes, azulenium dyes, thiapyrylium dyes and carbazole skeletons, styrylstilbene skeletons, triphenylamines Skeleton, dibenzothiophene skeleton, oxadiazole skeleton,
Examples include azo pigments having a fluorenone skeleton, bisstilbene skeleton, distyryloxadiazole skeleton, or distyrylcarbazole skeleton.

The charge transporting layer (CTL) contains a charge transporting substance (CTM) having a capability of receiving and transporting the generated charge of the charge generating substance and a binder as essential components, and if necessary, a known leveling agent. , A plasticizer, a sensitizer and the like, and is applied on the charge generation layer so as to have a dry film thickness of 5 to 70 μm.

Examples of the charge transport material include poly-N-vinylcarbazole and its derivatives, poly-γ-carbazolylethylglutarate and its derivatives, pyrene-formaldehyde condensate and its derivatives, polyvinylpyrene, polyvinylphenanthrene, and oxazole derivatives , Oxodiazole derivatives, imidazole derivatives, 9- (p-diethylaminostyryl) anthracene, 1,1-bis (4-dibenzylaminophenyl) propane, styrylanthracene, styrylpyrazolin, phenylhydrazones, hydrazone derivatives, etc. Donor substance or fluorenone derivative, dibenzothiophene derivative, indenothiophene derivative, phenanthrenequinone derivative, indenopyridine derivative, thioxanthone derivative, phenazine oxide derivative , Tetracyanoethylene, tetracyanoquinodimethane, Puromaniru, chloranil, electron-accepting substance such as benzoquinone, and the like.

The binder constituting the charge transporting layer may be any one which is compatible with the charge transporting substance, such as polycarbonate, polyvinyl butyral, polyamide, polyester, polyketone, epoxy resin, polyurethane, polyvinyl ketone, and polystyrene. , Polyacrylamide, phenol resin, phenoxy resin and the like.

(Image Forming Apparatus and Image Forming Method of the Present Invention) Next, an embodiment of the image forming apparatus and image forming method of the present invention will be described using the color image forming apparatus of FIG.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram of a color image forming apparatus showing an example of an image forming apparatus to which the electrophotographic photosensitive member made of the light-transmitting substrate of the present invention described above is applied.

Reference numeral 10 denotes a photosensitive member which is a drum-shaped electrostatic image forming member. A transparent conductive layer is provided on the outer periphery of a cylindrical substrate formed of a highly transparent cross-linked polymethyl methacrylate polymer resin. A function-separated organic photosensitive layer comprising a charge generation layer and a charge transfer layer is formed. 110
Y, 110M, 110C and 110K are scorotron charging devices used in image forming processes of yellow (Y), magenta (M), cyan (C) and black (K), respectively. In order to hold a charge of a predetermined potential, a charging action is performed by corona discharge to give a uniform potential to the photoconductor 10.

Reference numerals 12Y, 12M, 12C and 12K denote FL (phosphor emission), EL (electroluminescence), PL (plasma discharge), and PL (plasma discharge) in which light-emitting elements arranged in the axial direction of the photoreceptor 10 are arranged in an array. LED (Light Emitting Diode), LISA (Magneto-Magnetic Effect Optical Shutter Array) in which elements having a lamp and an optical shutter function are arranged in a line, P
An exposure optical system that is an image exposure apparatus configured as a unit with an exposure element such as an LZT (transmissive piezoelectric element shutter array) and LCS (liquid crystal shutter) and a selfoc lens as an equal-magnification imaging element. The image signals of the respective colors read by the image reading device are sequentially taken out from the memory and are exposed to the exposure optical systems 12Y, 12M, and 12C.
And 12K as electric signals. Each of the exposure optical systems 12Y, 12M, 12C, and 12K is attached to a cylindrical holding member 20, and the photosensitive member 1
0 inside the substrate.

The developing devices 13Y, 13M, 13C and 13K are developing devices using a non-contact developing method for accommodating yellow (Y), magenta (M), cyan (C) and black (K) developers. And developing sleeves that rotate in the same direction while maintaining a predetermined gap with respect to the peripheral surface of the photoconductor 10.

The developing units 13Y, 13M, 13C and 13K are provided with the above-mentioned scorotron charging devices 110Y and 1K.
The electrostatic latent image on the photoreceptor 10 formed by the charging by 10M, 110C and 110K and the image exposure by the exposure optical systems 12Y, 12M, 12C and 12K is reversely developed in a non-contact state by applying a developing bias voltage.

The original image is converted into an image read by an image sensor or an image edited by a computer as an image signal for each of Y, M, C, and K in an image reading apparatus separate from the present apparatus. Stored and stored in memory.

At the start of image recording, the photosensitive member 10 is rotated clockwise by starting the photosensitive member drive motor, and at the same time, the application of a potential to the photosensitive member 10 is started by the charging action of the scorotron charging device 110Y.

After the photoreceptor 10 is applied with a potential, the exposure optical system 12Y starts exposure with an electric signal corresponding to a first color signal, that is, an image signal of yellow (Y), and the rotation is performed by rotating the drum. An electrostatic latent image corresponding to the yellow (Y) image of the original image is formed on the photosensitive layer on the surface.

The latent image is reversely developed by the developing device 13Y in a state where the developer on the developing sleeve is not in contact with the developing device 13Y, and a yellow (Y) toner image is formed in accordance with the rotation of the photosensitive drum 10.

Next, the photosensitive drum 10 is further provided with a scorotron charging device 11 on the yellow (Y) toner image.
A potential is applied by a charging action of 0 M, and the exposure optical system 12
Exposure is performed using an electrical signal corresponding to the second color signal of M, that is, the image signal of magenta (M), and the magenta (Y) toner image is formed on the yellow (Y) toner image by non-contact reversal development by the developing unit 13M. The toner images of M) are successively formed.

By the same process, a cyan (C) toner image corresponding to the third color signal is further obtained by the scorotron charging device 110C, the exposure optical system 12C, and the developing device 13C.
A black (K) toner image corresponding to the fourth color signal is sequentially formed by the 2K and the developing unit 13K, and a color toner image is formed on the peripheral surface within one rotation of the photosensitive drum 10. You.

These exposure optical systems 12Y, 12M, 12C
Exposure of the organic photosensitive layer of the photoreceptor drum 10 at the temperature of 12K and 12K is performed from the inside of the substrate through the transparent substrate described above. Therefore, the exposure of the images corresponding to the second, third, and fourth color signals is performed without any influence from the previously formed toner image, and is equivalent to the image corresponding to the first color signal. It is possible to form an electrostatic latent image. In order to stabilize the temperature inside the photosensitive drum and prevent the temperature from rising due to the heat generated by the exposure optical systems 12Y, 12M, 12C and 12K, a material having good heat conductivity is used for the holding member 20.
If the temperature is low, a heater is used, and if the temperature is high, measures such as dissipating heat to the outside through a heat pipe can be taken, so that the temperature can be suppressed to a level that does not cause any trouble.

Thus, the color toner image formed on the peripheral surface of the photosensitive drum is sent out from the paper feed cassette 15 by the feed roller 15a in the transfer unit 14a, and is sent to the timing roller 16 by the pair of transport rollers 15b and 15c. The sheet is conveyed, and is transferred onto a transfer sheet P, which is a transfer material fed in synchronization with the toner image on the photoconductor 10, by driving the timing roller 16.

The transfer paper P to which the toner image has been transferred is separated from the peripheral surface of the drum by the removal of the charge in the charge eliminator 14b, and then is conveyed by the transport driving roller 14c and the driven roller 14d.
The fixing device 17 is moved by the conveying belt 14e stretched between the fixing belts.
The fixing roller 17 in the fixing device 17
a, the toner is heated and pressed between the pressure rollers 17b to fuse and fix the toner on the transfer paper P, and then a pair of fixing exit rollers 17d
Is discharged from the fixing device 17 by the
The photosensitive drum 10 provided with the photosensitive layer on the cylindrical substrate of the present invention described above is conveyed by the discharge roller 8a and discharged onto the discharge tray 200 at the upper portion of the apparatus via the discharge roller 18. A clear and very good image was obtained.

On the other hand, the photosensitive member 10 from which the transfer paper has been separated is cleaned by a cleaning blade 19a in a cleaning device 19.
The surface of the photoreceptor 10 is rubbed to remove residual toner and is cleaned to continue formation of a toner image of a document image, or to temporarily stop and form a toner image of a new document image. The waste toner scraped off by the cleaning blade 19a is discharged to a waste toner container (not shown) by the toner conveying screw 19b.

The photosensitive member 10 has a relatively small drum diameter because the exposure optical system is housed inside the photosensitive member 10.
A plurality of scorotron charging devices 1 described above are provided on the outer peripheral surface thereof.
10Y, 110M, 110C and 110K, developing unit 13
Y, 13M, 13C and 13K can be provided, and the volume of the apparatus can be made compact by using a small-diameter drum having an outer diameter of 30 mm to 150 mm.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described for the case of color superimposed image formation by non-contact development, it can be similarly applied to monochrome image formation and contact development.

The substrate of the present invention is disclosed in JP-A-6-23063.
It is easily understood that the present invention is also applied to a system which does not require corona charging as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4 (1994) -208.

[0078]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to examples, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
In the text, “parts” means “parts by weight”.

1. Preparation of Cylindrical Substrate Using a monomer mixture of methyl methacrylate / α-styrene / divinylbenzene (85/7/8 parts by weight) and benzoyl peroxide as an initiator, an end portion was formed on the substrate obtained by centrifugal polymerization. Perform cutting, outer diameter 100mm,
A cylindrical substrate having a length of 360 mm was obtained. After each buffing, washing and drying were performed, and a coupling layer was applied.

As shown in Table 1, 0.5 of each coupling agent was used.
A wt.% MEK (methyl ethyl ketone) solution was simultaneously immersed and applied to both surfaces of each substrate to form a coupling layer having a wet thickness of 10 μm, and dried at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes. 1 to 7 substrates were obtained.

With respect to the cylindrical substrate obtained as described above,
The coating liquid composition of the conductive layer was dried to a thickness of 0.5 μm as follows.
And heat-treated at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes.

[0082] 2. Conductive layer coating solution composition Conductive paint X-101H manufactured by Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. 1000 g Toluene 1000 g The coating solution composition UCL-1 of the intermediate layer (UCL) was dried on the above-mentioned conductive layer as follows. It was applied to a thickness of 5 μm.

[0083] 3. UCL-1 coating solution composition Copolymer nylon resin (CM-8000, manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.) 3 g Methanol / n-butanol = 10/1 (vol ratio) 1000 ml Coating solution composition for CGL layer as described below on UCL coated above CGL-1 was applied to a dry film thickness of 0.25 μm.

[0084] 4. CGL-1 coating liquid composition Y-type titanyl phthalocyanine (CGM-1) 20 g Silicone resin (KR-5240 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) 40 g 2-butanone 1000 g (dispersion of the above coating liquid composition for 10 hours using a sand mill) ) A coating solution composition CTL-1 of a CTL layer as described below is applied on the applied CGL so as to have a dry film thickness of 25 μm, and is subjected to a heat treatment at 90 ° C. for 1 hour.
o. 1 to 7 were obtained.

[0085] 5. CTL-1 coating solution composition CTM-1 80 g Polycarbonate (Z-200 manufactured by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company) 120 g 1,2-dichloroethane 1000 g

[0086]

Embedded image

6. Comparative Example Comparative Example A photoconductor substrate was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that no coupling agent layer was provided. This comparative example substrate was designated No. 1S, and the photosensitive drum is No. 1S.

7. Performance Test An electrophotographic internal exposure image forming apparatus having the structure shown in FIG. 1-7, and N
o. 1S was mounted, 10,000 images were output, and the image quality was evaluated based on the printing characteristics. The sharpness (resolution) is determined by applying fine line information to the photoreceptor by LED exposure, and obtaining a fine line image formed on plain paper (transfer paper) through the image forming step.
The number of readings per mm width was evaluated. Further, the scratches on the inner surface of the photoreceptor substrate after the actual test were visually observed.

Table 1 shows the results.

[0090]

[Table 1]

Table 1 shows that the durability, stability and image quality are excellent by applying the coupling agent to both surfaces.

[0092]

Industrial Applicability According to the present invention, the surface of a photoreceptor is hard to be scratched, and the surface of the photoreceptor, especially the inner surface, is hardly scratched when the film is used. It is possible to provide a translucent substrate for an electrophotographic photosensitive member which has no performance failure and is easy to handle, and a method of manufacturing the same, an electrophotographic photosensitive member using the same, an image forming method, and an image forming apparatus.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a process chart of a method for producing a translucent substrate for an electrophotographic photosensitive member according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a manufacturing apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram of the image forming apparatus of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 Photoconductor (Photoconductor Drum) 12Y, 12M, 12C, 12K Yellow, Magenta, Cyan, Black Exposure Optical System (Exposure Device) 13Y, 13M, 13C, 13K Yellow, Magenta, Cyan, Black Developer 110Y, 110M , 110C, 110K yellow,
Magenta, cyan, and black scorotron charging device 15 Paper cassette 16 Timing roller 17 Fixing device 19 Cleaning device P Transfer paper

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on front page (72) Inventor Katsumi Matsuura 2970 Ishikawacho, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo Konica Corporation F-term (reference) 2H030 BB02 BB23 BB33 BB71 2H068 AA21 AA42 AA52 AA54 AA59 AA60 BA57 BA58 BB08 BB26 BB57 EA16 FB11 FC06

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A translucent substrate for an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a conductive layer and a photosensitive layer on the surface, wherein the substrate is obtained by dip coating an inner surface and an outer surface with a coating solution containing a coupling agent. A translucent substrate for an electrophotographic photoreceptor, comprising: 2. The light-transmitting material for an electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1, wherein a coating solution formed of a vinyl polymer resin and containing a coupling agent is simultaneously applied to the inner surface and the outer surface. Substrate. 3. The translucent substrate for an electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is produced by a centrifugal polymerization method. 4. The translucent substrate for an electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1, wherein the substrate is formed of a crosslinked polymer resin. 5. A method for producing a light-transmitting substrate formed of a polymer resin for forming an electrophotographic photoreceptor by forming a conductive layer and a photosensitive layer on the surface, wherein the inner surface and the outer surface of the light-transmitting substrate are formed. A method for producing a translucent substrate for an electrophotographic photosensitive member, comprising applying a coating solution containing a coupling agent to a surface by dip coating. 6. An electrophotographic photoreceptor having a conductive layer and a photosensitive layer on the surface of a light-transmitting polymer resin substrate, wherein a coating solution containing a coupling agent is dip-coated on the inner surface and the outer surface of the light-transmitting substrate. An electrophotographic photoreceptor characterized by using a coated substrate. 7. The electrophotographic photoconductor according to claim 6, wherein the photoconductor is an internal exposure photoconductor that transmits an image through a light transmitting substrate. 8. An electrophotographic photosensitive member surface is uniformly charged, image exposure and color development are repeated to form a multicolor superimposed image, and the image is subjected to batch transfer, separation, fixing, and photosensitive member cleaning processes. In an image forming apparatus to be formed, a conductive layer and a photosensitive layer are provided on a light-transmitting substrate, and the light-transmitting substrate formed of a resin has an inner surface and an outer surface which are provided before the photosensitive layer is provided. An image forming apparatus, comprising: using an electrophotographic photosensitive member having a surface coated with a coating solution containing a coupling agent by dip coating, transmitting an image through a light-transmitting substrate, and forming an image by non-contact development. . 9. A process for uniformly charging the surface of an electrophotographic photoreceptor, an image exposure step, and a color development step to form a multicolor superimposed image, a batch transfer step, a separation step, a fixing step, and a photoreceptor. In the image forming method that goes through each step of cleaning, a conductive layer and a photosensitive layer are provided on a light-transmitting substrate, and the light-transmitting substrate formed of a resin is provided with the light-transmitting substrate before the photosensitive layer is provided. Using an electrophotographic photoreceptor in which a coating solution containing a coupling agent is dip-coated on the inner surface and the outer surface, the image is exposed through a translucent substrate, and an image is formed by non-contact development. Image forming method.