JP2000075513A - Production of electrophotographic photoreceptor, electrophotographic sensitive body, and method and device for forming image using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain an electrophotographic photoreceptor excellent in the coating characteristic of its electroconductive layer by adding a silicone oil to a coating liquid for an electroconductive layer, then controlling the contact angle of the coating liquid with a resin substrate to be not exceeding a specific value and coating the liquid on the resin substrate when the electrophotographic photoreceptor is produced by successively coating the electroconductive layer and the organic photosensitive layer on the resin substrate. SOLUTION: In the method for producing electrophotographic sensitive body comprising the steps of successively coating an electrconductive layer and an organic photosensitive layer on a resin substrate, a silicone oil is incorporated into a coating liquid for the electroconductive layer and the contact angle of the coating liquid with a resin substrate is controlled to be not exceeding 90 deg.. The resin substrate is, representatively, produced by the centrifugal polymerization method. In this case, a shaft of a mold C1 of a production apparatus is set to be horizontal and, after a polymerizable liquid material is fed, the mold is rotated with a high speed. After molding, a cylindrical substrate is taken out by allowing one of mold-supporting members C3, C3 to move in the direction indicated by the arrow B. The mold C1 is held between the mold-supporting members C3, C3 so that the liquid material does not leak.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing an electrophotographic photosensitive member, an electrophotographic photosensitive member, and an image forming method and an image forming apparatus using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a method of manufacturing an electrophotographic photosensitive member by applying a photosensitive liquid on an outer surface of a drum formed in a cylindrical shape,
Spray coating, dip coating, blade coating, roll coating, and the like are known.

On the other hand, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-15866,
JP-A-72350 and JP-A-6-7265 propose a coating method in which a scraping blade arranged with a certain clearance is moved around the circumference of a cylindrical drum to apply a photosensitive liquid. . Further, in JP-A-1-242165, JP-A-3-118866, JP-A-3-118867, and JP-A-3-274564, continuous coating using a connecting member on a cylindrical drum or using a connecting member is described. Non-continuous coating methods have been proposed.

As an improvement of the above proposal, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No.
Japanese Patent Publication No. 189061 discloses an apparatus for applying a photosensitive liquid onto an outer surface of a cylindrical drum having a continuous surface formed endlessly. The coating liquid distribution slit has no end and continuously surrounds the outer periphery of the cylindrical drum. The slope is continuously inclined below the coating liquid outlet of the coating liquid distribution slit, and is slightly larger than the outer periphery of the cylindrical drum surface having a continuous surface formed endless, so as to terminate. An application device (slide hopper type device) having a structured liquid slide surface and having a lip extending downward from the end of the liquid slide surface has been proposed.

On the other hand, in an image forming apparatus for forming an image by an electrophotographic method, a rotating drum or a belt-like electrophotographic photosensitive member (electrostatic image forming member) is charged, image-exposed and developed to form the electrostatic image. A toner image is formed on a charge image forming body, and the toner image is transferred to a transfer material and fixed. In order to fulfill this function, the electrostatic image forming body is maintained without changing the distance and pressure contact with the charger, exposure device, developing device, transfer device, static eliminator, cleaning device, etc. disposed around it. It must be maintained at a predetermined timing and move at a constant speed.

In order to be used repeatedly, once the role in one cycle of the image forming process is completed, it is necessary to return to the original position in the original state in preparation for the next image forming cycle. In order to smooth this series of movements and efficiently use expensive members such as a photosensitive drum, in a practically used apparatus, a photosensitive layer is formed on the peripheral surface of an almost cylindrical substrate as an electrostatic image forming body. The provided photosensitive drum is used.

As the material of the cylindrical substrate, a metal material such as aluminum is often used. However, there is a limit in productivity and cost reduction in forming a cylindrical substrate by machining using a metal material.

In this respect, resin is considered to be a preferable material because of its light weight and low cost, but it is not easy to produce a high-precision resin at a high yield. Also, unlike aluminum substrates, etc., the coating of the organic photoreceptor coating liquid is poor,
In some cases, the coating cannot be performed uniformly, or in some cases, cannot be performed at all.

As will be described in detail later, for an image forming apparatus configured to perform image exposure from the inside of the electrostatic image forming body, the cylindrical substrate of the electrostatic image forming body is exposed to light exposed from the inside. It must be transparent, and metal cannot be used as the base material. Therefore, although the image forming method of exposing the image from the inside is excellent as an apparatus configuration,
There is also a problem that it has not been practically used.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an electrophotographic photosensitive member having an organic photosensitive layer coated on a resin substrate, and particularly to an electrophotographic photosensitive member having a good coating performance of a conductive layer and a method of manufacturing the same. , And an image forming method and an image forming apparatus using the same.

[0011]

The object of the present invention is achieved by adopting the following constitution.

[1] In a method for manufacturing an electrophotographic photosensitive member, in which a conductive layer and an organic photosensitive layer are sequentially coated on a resin substrate, a silicone oil is contained in a coating liquid for the conductive layer, and a contact angle with the resin substrate is reduced. A method for producing an electrophotographic photoreceptor, wherein the coating is performed at an angle of 90 ° or less.

[2] In an electrophotographic photosensitive member in which a conductive layer and an organic photosensitive layer are sequentially coated on a resin substrate, a coating liquid for the conductive layer contains silicone oil, and a contact angle with the resin substrate is 90 ° or less. An electrophotographic photoreceptor, characterized in that the photoreceptor is applied in the following manner.

[3] The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to [2], wherein the resin substrate is made of a vinyl polymer resin.

[4] The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to [2] or [3], wherein the resin substrate is made of a crosslinkable polymer resin.

[5] The resin substrate is produced by a centrifugal polymerization method [2], [3] or [4].
The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to the above.

[6] The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to any one of [2] to [5], which is a photosensitive member for internal exposure.

[7] The surface of the electrophotographic photoreceptor is uniformly charged, and image exposure and color development are repeated to form a multicolor superimposed image, which is subjected to batch transfer, separation, fixing, and photoreceptor cleaning steps. An image forming apparatus for forming an image, wherein the electrophotographic photosensitive member according to [2] is used, the image is exposed through a translucent substrate, and the image is formed by non-contact development.

[8] A step of uniformly charging the surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member, an image exposing step, and a color developing step are repeated to form a multicolor superimposed image, a batch transfer step, a separating step, a fixing step, and a photosensitive step. In the image forming method which goes through each step of the body cleaning, the image is formed by using the electrophotographic photosensitive member according to [2], exposing the image through a light-transmitting substrate, and forming an image by non-contact development. Forming method.

Usually, an organic electrophotographic photoreceptor (OPC) is composed of a conductive layer (necessary for an insulating substrate such as a resin substrate) and a charge generating layer (CG) on a substrate.
L), a photosensitive layer such as a charge transport layer (CTL), an intermediate layer such as an undercoat layer, and a protective layer if necessary. Of these,
The conductive layer is applied directly on the resin substrate. The present inventors have assiduously studied and found that the coating property of the conductive layer substantially determines the coating property of the entire photosensitive layer. Reached.

In the present invention, the conductive layer is polypyrrole,
Conductive resin such as polyaniline, ITO (indium
It is formed by applying a liquid in which metal oxide fine particles such as tin oxide), SnO ₂ , and alumina are dispersed in a resin such as PET, PMMA, polyurethane, or polyethylene.

The contact angle of the coating solution on the substrate is preferably measured by a droplet method using a contact angle meter (for example, CA-DT type manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd.) or a Miller droplet method. Miller's droplet method is a method of dropping a fixed volume of test solution on the surface and calculating from the diameter of the droplet. N. Miller Mate
reals Protection & Perform
mance (1973, Vol. 12, No. 5, p. 31). The contact angle is a value measured at 22 ° C.
This is a value for the coating liquid.

The contact angle is 90 ° or less, and
~ 80 ° is good. If it is larger than 90 °, the coating liquid does not spread on the substrate, and uniform coating cannot be performed. The contact angle is adjusted according to the amount of silicone oil added to the coating solution, the type of solvent, the viscosity of the coating solution, and the like.

Examples of the silicone oil used in the present invention include silicone-based leveling agents described in JP-A-54-143643, pages 2-3, methylphenylsilicone described in JP-A-57-5050, and P2 described in JP-A-57-212453. Described silicone leveling agent, 59-2
JP-A-08556, P3-4, silicone-leveling agent described in JP-A-63-80262, P2 silicone oil, JP-A-1-234854, P3 silicone oil, JP-A-4-199154, P3 described Silicone leveling agents and silicone oils described in JP-A-5-27456 are preferred.

Among them, alkyl silicone oils such as methyl silicone oil, aryl silicone oil,
And alkylaryl silicone oils, such as methylphenyl silicone oil, are particularly preferred.

The content of silicone oil in the coating solution is 1
~ 1000 ppm is good.

When the amount is less than 1 ppm, the above-mentioned effects are small,
If the amount is more than 1000 ppm, the applicability may worsen, or the surface may ooze out more often, and the temporal stability of the photoconductor may deteriorate.

Next, the resin substrate for an electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention will be described.

The resin substrate in the present invention is prepared by a centrifugal polymerization method,
It is produced by injection molding, extrusion molding or the like.

The production by the centrifugal polymerization method, which is a typical production method, will be specifically described as shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 2 shows an example of the production apparatus. In the manufacturing apparatus of FIG.
C1 is a cylindrical mold, and the inner surface forms a good cylindrical surface with high accuracy. C2 is a heating member for heating from outside the mold C1. C3 is a mold holding member that sandwiches the mold C1 from the left and right, so that the liquid inside the mold C1 does not leak in the sandwiched state. C4 is an inlet for injecting the polymerizable liquid material. C5 is a thermometer for measuring the temperature inside the mold C1.
This apparatus has a structure in which the axis of the mold C1 is adjusted to be horizontal, and after the polymerizable liquid material is injected, the apparatus rotates at a high speed. After molding, the cylindrical substrate is taken out by moving one of the mold holding members C3 in the direction of arrow B.

In the production process shown in FIG. 1, first, a vinyl polymerizable liquid material, for example, a methyl methacrylate monomer is used as a radical polymerizable monomer, divinylbenzene is used as a polyfunctional vinyl compound, and azoisobutyro is used as a polymerization initiator. Nitrile was added and prepolymerized to a viscosity of 10 cp or more and 400 cp or less.
Pour into. This cylindrical mold usually has an inner diameter of at least 20 mm2.
The length is 200 mm or more and 2000 mm or less. This is rotated for each mold and is heated appropriately to promote uniform polymerization. After completion of the polymerization, the substrate is annealed and cooled to a temperature close to room temperature, the obtained substrate is taken out of the mold, cut, and optionally subjected to a surface processing step to complete the translucent substrate for an electrophotographic photosensitive member.

The above-mentioned centrifugal polymerization method preferably used in the present invention does not leave dice scratches and dust powder on the surface of the cylindrical substrate, and particularly the inner surface is formed into a natural surface obtained by centrifugal force, It forms an extremely smooth inner surface.

As a preferable material for producing the substrate of the present invention, a radical polymerizable monomer and, if necessary, a polyfunctional vinyl compound (crosslinkable monomer) are copolymerized in the presence of a radical polymerization initiator. Obtainable.

This will be described in more detail below.

The radically polymerizable monomers used in the present invention include styrene, α-methylstyrene, m-
Side chain alkyl-substituted styrene such as methylstyrene and p-methylstyrene, core alkyl-substituted styrene such as vinyltoluene, p-chlorostyrene, o-chlorostyrene, m-
Chlorostyrene, p-bromostyrene, o-bromostyrene, n-bromostyrene, 2,4-dichlorostyrene, 2,4-dibromostyrene, 4-chloro-α-methylstyrene, 4-bromo-α-methylstyrene, 2,
Halogenated styrene such as 4,6-trichlorostyrene, 2,4,6-tribromostyrene, pentachlorostyrene, pentabromostyrene, vinyl benzoate, 2-vinylnaphthalene, 4-vinylbiphenyl, 1,1'-diphenyl Aromatic vinyl monomers such as ethylene, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, fumaronitrile, maleonitrile, vinyl cyanide monomers such as α-chloroacrylonitrile, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, isopropyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, amyl methacrylate, hexyl Methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, nonyl methacrylate, dodecyl methacrylate, octadecyl methacrylate, stearyl methacrylate, Octyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, allyl methacrylate, dicyclopentanyl methacrylate, norbornyl methacrylate, adamantyl methacrylate, isobornyl methacrylate, phenoxyethyl methacrylate, phenyl methacrylate, benzyl methacrylate, naphthyl methacrylate, butoxyethyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate (Meth) such as propyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, amyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, octyl acrylate, stearyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, benzyl acrylate, etc.
(Meth) acrylic acids such as alkyl acrylates, methacrylic acid and acrylic acid, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxy-3-phenoxypropyl (meth) acrylate, OH group-containing (meth) acrylates such as tetrahydrofurfuryl (meth) acrylate, epoxy group-containing (meth) acrylates such as glycidyl (meth) acrylate, and N-containing such as N, N-diethylaminoethyl (meth) acrylate. (Meth) acrylates, butoxytriethylene glycol (meth) acrylate, ethoxydiethylene glycol (meth) acrylates, and other ether group-containing (meth) acrylates, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, dimethylmalate, dibutylmale Maleic acid, maleic acid esters such as dibenzyl malate, itaconic acid, itaconic anhydride, benzyl itaconate, itaconic acid such as dibenzyl itaconate, itaconic acid esters, fumaric acid, dimethyl fumarate, dibutyl fumarate Acid, fumaric acid esters such as diisopropyl fumarate, dibenzyl fumarate and dicyclohexyl fumarate, and other monomers such as vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, Nt-butylmaleimide,
N- such as laurylmaleimide, N-cyclohexylmaleimide, N-phenylmaleimide, No-chlorophenylmaleimide and N-dimethylphenylmaleimide
Alkylmaleimides, N-phenylmaleimides and mixtures thereof are preferably used. More preferably, the radical polymerizable monomer contains methyl methacrylate in an amount of 20% by weight or more, preferably 40% by weight or more.

The polyfunctional vinyl compounds (crosslinker monomers) preferably used in the present invention include divinylbenzene, metadivinylbenzene, 4,4'-divinylbiphenyl, 3,3'-divinylbiphenyl, and 3,4'-divinyl. Biphenyl, ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, diethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate, 1,4-butanediol di (meth) acrylate,
Trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra (meth) acrylate, divinyl phthalate, diallyl phthalate, divinyl isophthalate, diallyl isophthalate, divinyl terephthalate, diallyl terephthalate, diallyl naphthenate, triallyl isocyanurate, diallyl carbonate, diethylene glycol One or more selected from bisallyl carbonate and the like are used in combination as a crosslinking agent.

The amount of the crosslinking agent added is 0.05 of the total amount of the raw material monomers (radical polymerizable monomer + polyfunctional vinyl compound)
Used in the range of ９０90% by weight. If it is less than 0.05% by weight, the heat resistance is not satisfactory. If it is more than 90% by weight,
Hard but brittle resin may result in poor mechanical durability.

In the polymer resin for a substrate used in the present invention, the radical polymerization initiator used is not particularly limited, and an active radical is generated by an active energy ray such as visible light, infrared ray, ultraviolet ray, microwave, electron beam or heat. Whatever occurs is acceptable.

Examples of radical polymerization initiators that generate active radicals by heat include benzoyl peroxide, diisopropylperoxydicarbonate, t-butylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate, t-butylperoxypivalate, and t-butylperoxydiisobu. Tylates, lauroyl peroxide, t-butylperoxyacetate, t-butylperoxyoctoate, t-butylperoxybenzoate, di-t-butylperoxide, azobisisobutyronitrile (azoisobutyronitrile), etc. .

As a radical polymerization initiator for generating active radicals by activating energy rays, acetophenone,
Benzophenone, benzoin, benzoin methyl ether, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one, hydroxycyclohexylphenyl ketone, methylphenylglyoxylate, 2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyldiphenylphosphine oxide, benzyl There are dimethyl ketal and the like, and they can be used alone or as a mixture when used.

The mixing ratio of the radical polymerization initiator varies depending on the type of the radical polymerization initiator, the type of the vinyl-based monomer, the polymerization curing temperature, and the like. In general, it is based on 100 parts by weight of the copolymerizable vinyl-based monomer. And preferably 0.01 to 8 parts by weight, particularly preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by weight. If the mixing ratio of the radical polymerization initiator is less than 0.01 part by weight, it may take a long time for polymerization and curing. If the amount of the polymerization initiator exceeds 8 parts by weight, the polymer may become brittle or colored.

In addition to the above-mentioned vinyl polymer resin, the present invention relates to a substrate prepared by injection molding, extrusion molding, or injection blow using, for example, polyester, polycarbonate, polyamide, polysulfone, polymethylvinylpentene, or the like. Can also be used favorably.

Prior to coating the photosensitive layer, the charge generation layer is formed to improve the adhesion and coating properties of the photosensitive layer, cover defects on the substrate surface, and improve the charge injection property from the substrate to the charge generation layer. An intermediate layer (undercoat layer) is often provided below.
Examples of the material include a resin intermediate layer such as polyamide, copolymerizable nylon, casein, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose, and gelatin, or a curable intermediate layer using an organic metal chelate compound as described in JP-A-9-68870. Is well known. These are dissolved in various organic solvents and the like, and applied on a substrate so that the film thickness becomes about 0.01 to 5 μm.

The photosensitive layer is formed by an organic photoconductor layer,
In particular, charge transport materials (CTM) and charge generation materials (CGM)
It is preferable to form by coating an organic photoreceptor of the function separation type containing both of them, particularly, a type in which each is separately laminated.

The charge generation layer contains, as a main component, a charge generation substance which generates charges by light irradiation, and if necessary, contains a known binder, plasticizer, and sensitizer, and has a thickness of 1.0 μm or less ( (Dry film thickness) on the conductive substrate or the undercoat layer.

As the charge generating substance, perylene pigments,
Polycyclic quinone pigments, phthalocyanine pigments, metal phthalocyanine pigments, squarium dyes, azurenium dyes, thiapyrylium dyes and carbazole skeletons, styrylstilbene skeletons, triphenylamine skeletons, dibenzothiophene skeletons, oxadiazole skeletons, fluorenone skeletons, bisstilbenes An azo pigment having a skeleton, a distyryloxadiazole skeleton or a distyrylcarbazole skeleton is exemplified.

The charge transporting layer contains a charge transporting substance capable of accepting and transporting the charge generated by the charge generating substance and a binder as essential components. If necessary, a known leveling agent, plasticizer, sensitizer, Agent, etc., and dry film thickness of 5 to 70
It is applied on the charge generation layer to a thickness of μm.

Examples of the charge transport material include poly-N-vinylcarbazole and its derivatives, poly-γ-carbazolylethylglutarate and its derivatives, pyrene-formaldehyde condensate and its derivatives, polyvinylpyrene, polyvinylphenanthrene and oxazole derivatives. , Oxodiazole derivatives, imidazole derivatives, 9- (p-diethylaminostyryl) anthracene, 1,1-bis (4-dibenzylaminophenyl) propane, styrylanthracene, styrylpyrazolin, phenylhydrazones, hydrazone derivatives, etc. Donor substance or fluorenone derivative, dibenzothiophene derivative, indenothiophene derivative, phenanthrenequinone derivative, indenopyridine derivative, thioxanthone derivative, phenazine oxide derivative , Tetracyanoethylene, tetracyanoquinodimethane, Puromaniru, chloranil, electron-accepting substance such as benzoquinone, and the like.

The binder constituting the charge transporting layer may be any one which is compatible with the charge transporting substance. Examples thereof include polycarbonate, polyvinyl butyral, polyamide, polyester, polyketone, epoxy resin, polyurethane, polyvinyl ketone, and polystyrene. , Polyacrylamide, phenol resin, phenoxy resin and the like.

Next, an embodiment of the image forming apparatus and the image forming method of the present invention will be described with reference to the color image forming apparatus shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram of a color image forming apparatus showing an example of an image forming apparatus to which the electrophotographic photosensitive member made of the light-transmitting substrate of the present invention described above is applied.

Reference numeral 10 denotes a photosensitive member which is a drum-shaped electrostatic image forming member. A transparent conductive layer is provided on the outer periphery of a cylindrical substrate formed of a highly transparent cross-linked polymethyl methacrylate polymer resin. A function-separated organic photosensitive layer comprising a charge generation layer and a charge transfer layer is formed. 110
Y, 110M, 110C and 110K are yellow (Y), magenta (M), cyan (C) and black (K)
In the corona charging device used in the image forming process of each color, a charging action is performed by corona discharge in order to hold a charge of a predetermined potential to the above-mentioned organic photosensitive layer of the photoconductor 10, and the photoconductor 10 is uniformly charged. Apply potential.

12Y, 12M, 12C and 12K are
FL (phosphor emission), EL (electroluminescence), PL (plasma discharge), LED (light emitting diode), and lamp and light shutter function in which light emitting elements arranged in the axial direction of the photoconductor 10 are arranged in a line. (Magneto-optical effect optical shutter array) in which elements with
PLZT (Transmissive piezoelectric element shutter array), LCS
An image of each color read by a separate image reading device using an exposure optical system that is an image exposure device configured as a unit including an exposure element such as a (liquid crystal shutter) and a selfoc lens as an equal-magnification image forming element. The signals are sequentially taken out of the memory and the exposure optical systems 12Y, 12M, 1
2C and 12K are respectively input as electric signals. The above-mentioned exposure optical systems 12Y, 12M, 12C and 1
Each 2K is attached to a cylindrical holding member 20 and housed inside the substrate of the photoreceptor 10.

13Y, 13M, 13C and 13K are
A developing device which is a developing device using a non-contact developing method for accommodating respective developers of yellow (Y), magenta (M), cyan (C) and black (K). A developing sleeve that rotates in the same direction while maintaining a predetermined gap is provided.

The developing units 13Y, 13M, 13C and 13K are provided with the above-mentioned corona charging devices 110Y, 110
M, 110C and 110K charging, exposure optical system 1
The electrostatic latent image on the photoconductor 10 formed by the image exposure by 2Y, 12M, 12C and 12K is reversely developed in a non-contact state by applying a developing bias voltage.

An original image is read by an image reading device separate from the present device, and an image read by an image sensor or an image edited by a computer is temporarily converted into image signals for each of Y, M, C and K colors. Stored and stored in memory.

At the start of image recording, the photosensitive member 10 is rotated clockwise by the start of the photosensitive member drive motor, and at the same time, the photosensitive member 10 is charged by the charging action of the corona charging device 110Y.
Is started.

After the photoreceptor 10 is applied with an electric potential, the exposure optical system 12Y starts exposure with an electric signal corresponding to a first color signal, that is, an image signal of yellow (Y), and the rotation is carried out by rotating the drum. An electrostatic latent image corresponding to the yellow (Y) image of the original image is formed on the photosensitive layer on the surface.

The latent image is reversal-developed by the developing device 13Y in a state where the developer on the developing sleeve is not in contact with the developer, and a yellow (Y) toner image is formed in accordance with the rotation of the photosensitive drum 10.

Next, the photosensitive drum 10 is further provided with a corona charging device 110M on the yellow (Y) toner image.
The exposure is performed by an electric signal corresponding to the second color signal of the exposure optical system 12M, that is, the image signal of magenta (M), and the non-contact reversal development is performed by the developing unit 13M. A magenta (M) toner image is sequentially formed on the yellow (Y) toner image.

By the same process, the corona charging device 11
0C, a cyan (C) toner image corresponding to the third color signal by the exposure optical system 12C and the developing device 13C, and a fourth color signal by the corona charging device 110K, the exposure optical system 12K and the developing device 13K. Corresponding black (K) toner images are sequentially superposed, and a color toner image is formed on the peripheral surface within one rotation of the photosensitive drum 10.

These exposure optical systems 12Y, 12M, 12C
Exposure of the organic photosensitive layer of the photoreceptor drum 10 at the temperature of 12 K and 12 K is performed from the inside of the substrate through the transparent substrate described above. Therefore, the exposure of the image corresponding to the second, third, and fourth color signals is performed without any influence from the previously formed toner image, and the same exposure as the image corresponding to the first color signal is performed. It is possible to form an electrostatic latent image. In order to stabilize the temperature inside the photosensitive drum and prevent the temperature from rising due to the heat generated by the exposure optical systems 12Y, 12M, 12C and 12K, a material having good heat conductivity is used for the holding member 20. When the temperature is high, measures such as radiating heat to the outside through a heat pipe can be taken to a level where no problem is caused.

Thus, the color toner image formed on the peripheral surface of the photosensitive drum is sent out from the paper feed cassette 15 by the feed roller 15a in the transfer unit 14a, and is sent to the timing roller 16 by the feed roller pairs 15b and 15c. The sheet is conveyed, and is transferred onto a transfer sheet P, which is a transfer material fed in synchronization with the toner image on the photoconductor 10, by driving the timing roller 16.

The transfer paper P to which the toner image has been transferred is separated from the drum peripheral surface by the elimination of the charge in the charge eliminator 14b, and thereafter, the transport driving roller 14c and the driven roller 14d.
The fixing device 17 is moved by the conveying belt 14e stretched between the fixing belts.
The fixing roller 17 in the fixing device 17
a, the toner is heated and pressed between the pressure rollers 17b to fuse and fix the toner on the transfer paper P, and then a pair of fixing exit rollers 17d
Is discharged from the fixing device 17 by the
The sheet is conveyed by 8a and is discharged onto a discharge tray 200 at the top of the apparatus via the discharge roller 18.

On the other hand, the photosensitive member 10 from which the transfer paper is separated is cleaned by a cleaning device 19 with a cleaning blade 19a.
The surface of the photoreceptor 10 is rubbed to remove residual toner and is cleaned to continue formation of a toner image of a document image, or to temporarily stop and form a toner image of a new document image. The waste toner scraped off by the cleaning blade 19a is discharged to a waste toner container (not shown) by the toner conveying screw 19b.

The photosensitive member 10 has a relatively small drum diameter because the exposure optical system is housed in the photosensitive member 10.
The plurality of corona charging devices 110 described above are provided on the outer peripheral surface thereof.
Y, 110M, 110C and 110K, developing unit 13
Y, 13M, 13C and 13K can be provided, and the volume of the apparatus can be made compact by using a small-diameter drum having an outer diameter of 30 mm to 150 mm.

Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described for the case of color superimposed image formation by non-contact development, it can be similarly applied to monochrome image formation and contact development.

The substrate of the present invention is disclosed in JP-A-6-23063.
It is easily understood that the present invention is also applied to a system which does not require corona charging as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4 (1994) -208.

[0068]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to examples, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

(Examples and Comparative Examples) Example 1 1. Preparation of Cylindrical Substrate Using a monomer mixture of methyl methacrylate / α-styrene / divinylbenzene (85/7/8 parts by weight) and benzoyl peroxide as an initiator, an end portion was formed on the substrate obtained by centrifugal polymerization. Perform cutting, outer diameter 100mm,
A cylindrical substrate having a length of 360 mm was obtained. After each buffing, it was washed and dried.

With respect to the cylindrical substrate obtained as described above,
The coating liquid composition of the conductive layer was dried to a thickness of 0.5 μm as follows.
And heat-treated at 80 ° C. for 30 minutes.

2. Conductive layer coating solution composition Conductive paint X-101H manufactured by Sumitomo Metal Mining Co., Ltd. 1000 g Toluene 1000 g Methylphenyl silicone oil (KF-54 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) was added at 200 ppm to the coating solution.

The coating liquid composition UCL-1 for the intermediate layer (UCL) was dried on the conductive layer to a dry film thickness of 0.5 as follows.
It was applied to a thickness of μm.

[0073] 3. UCL-1 coating solution composition Copolymer nylon resin (CM-8000, manufactured by Toray Industries, Ltd.) 3 g Methanol / n-butanol = 10/1 (vol ratio) 100 ml CGL layer coating solution composition as described below on the UCL coated above CGL-1 was applied to a dry film thickness of 0.25 μm.

[0074] 4. CGL-1 coating liquid composition Y-type titanyl phthalocyanine 20 g Silicone resin (KR-5240 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) 40 g 2-butanone 1000 g (the above coating liquid composition dispersed for 10 hours using a sand mill) A coating liquid composition CTL-1 of a CTL layer is applied thereon so as to have a dry film thickness of 25 μm as described below, and is subjected to a heat treatment at 90 ° C. for 1 hour.
o. 1 was obtained.

[0075] 5. CTL-1 coating solution composition CTM-1 80 g Polycarbonate (Z-200 manufactured by Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company) 120 g 1,2-dichloroethane 1000 g

[0076]

Embedded image

Comparative Example 1 A comparative example photoconductor was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that no silicone oil was used. This comparative example photosensitive drum was designated as No. 1S.

Comparative Example 2 A comparative example was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the photosensitive member contained 50 ppm of silicone oil. This comparative example photosensitive drum was designated as No. 2S.

Examples 2 and 3 Photoconductor Nos. 1 and 2 were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the type and amount of silicone oil in the conductive layer were changed as shown in Table 1. 2 and 3
I got

Example 4 Methyl methacrylate / α-styrene /
Ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (80/20/2
0 parts by weight) of the photoconductor No. 1 in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the silicone oil was changed to SH-200. 4 was obtained.

Evaluation 1. Measurement of contact angle, observation of applicability Contact angle was measured using the contact angle meter (CA-
(DT type). Regarding coatability, the surface of the photoreceptor at the time of coating and after coating and drying were observed.

2. Actual Photographic Test An electrophotographic internal exposure type image forming apparatus having the structure shown in FIG. Nos. 1 to 4 and Nos.
1S and 2S were mounted, and 10,000 images were displayed and evaluated. Density unevenness, applicability (repelling and the like), image defects and the like were observed.

Table 1 shows the results.

[0084]

[Table 1]

According to Table 1, silicone oil was added,
When the contact angle is 90 ° C. or less, the coating stability is excellent, there are no coating defects and no image defects, and the image quality is excellent.

[0086]

According to the present invention, in an electrophotographic photosensitive member in which an organic photosensitive layer is coated on a resin substrate, an electrophotographic photosensitive member having particularly good coating performance of a conductive layer, a method for producing the same, and a method for manufacturing the same. An image forming method and an image forming apparatus can be provided.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a process chart of a method for producing a translucent substrate for an electrophotographic photosensitive member according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view illustrating an example of a manufacturing apparatus.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional configuration diagram of the image forming apparatus of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 Photoconductor (Photoconductor Drum) 12Y, 12M, 12C, 12K Yellow, Magenta, Cyan, Black Exposure Optical System (Exposure Device) 13Y, 13M, 13C, 13K Yellow, Magenta, Cyan, Black Developer 110Y, 110M , 110C, 110K yellow,
Magenta, cyan, and black corona charging device 15 Paper cassette 16 Timing roller 17 Fixing device 19 Cleaning device P Transfer paper

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Katsumi Matsuura 2970 Ishikawacho, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo Konica Corporation F-term (reference) 2H068 AA21 AA44 AA48 AA52 AA54 BB08 BB34 BB57 EA12 EA14 FB11 FC06 FC08

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A method of manufacturing an electrophotographic photoreceptor, in which a conductive layer and an organic photosensitive layer are sequentially coated on a resin substrate, wherein the coating liquid for the conductive layer contains silicone oil and the contact angle with the resin substrate is 90 °. ° or less, a method for producing an electrophotographic photoreceptor, characterized by being applied. 2. An electrophotographic photoreceptor in which a conductive layer and an organic photosensitive layer are sequentially coated on a resin substrate, wherein the coating liquid for the conductive layer contains silicone oil, and the contact angle with the resin substrate is reduced to 90 ° or less. An electrophotographic photoreceptor, characterized in that the electrophotographic photoreceptor has been applied. 3. The electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim 2, wherein the resin substrate is made of a vinyl polymer resin. 4. The electrophotographic photoconductor according to claim 2, wherein the resin substrate is made of a crosslinkable polymer resin. 5. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 2, wherein the resin substrate is produced by a centrifugal polymerization method. 6. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 2, which is a photosensitive member for internal exposure. 7. A method for uniformly charging the surface of an electrophotographic photoreceptor, repeating image exposure and color development to form a multicolor superimposed image, and performing batch transfer, separation, fixing, and photoreceptor cleaning to form an image. An image forming apparatus for forming an image by using the electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 2, exposing the image through a light-transmitting substrate, and forming an image by non-contact development. 8. A process for uniformly charging the surface of an electrophotographic photoreceptor, an image exposure step, and a color development step to form a multicolor superimposed image, a batch transfer step, a separation step, a fixing step, and a photoreceptor. In an image forming method which passes through each step of cleaning, the electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 2 is used,
An image forming method, wherein an image is exposed through a translucent substrate and an image is formed by non-contact development.