JP2000075522A - Electrophotographic photoreceptor, and process cartridge and electrophotographic device using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a highly sensitive photoreceptor which exhibits high quality image and can be used for a long period of time with little potential change by incorporating hydroxygallium-phthalocyanine and a particular disazo pigment into a photosensitive layer. SOLUTION: In an electrophotographic photoreceptor having a photosensitive layer on an electroconductive support, the photosensitive layer contains hydroxygallium-phthalocyanine and a disazo pigment expressed by the formula, wherein A1 and A2 are the same or different and are each a coupler residue having phenolic hydroxyl groups. The process cartridge supports one means selected from the electrophotographic photoreceptor, electrifying means, developing means and cleaning means, in the united form, and is freely attached to or detached from an electrophotographic device main body. The electrophotographic device main body is equipped with the electrophotographic photoreceptor, the electrifying means, image-exposing means, the developing means and transferring means.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an electrophotographic photosensitive member, a process cartridge having the electrophotographic photosensitive member, and an electrophotographic apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An electrophotographic photosensitive member using an organic photoconductor has been developed by developing a function-separated electrophotographic photosensitive member in which a charge transporting layer containing a charge transporting material and a charge generating layer containing a charge generating material are laminated. In addition, remarkable improvements have been made in sensitivity and durability, and practical use has come to be realized.

On the other hand, recently, in order to provide a copying machine with a writing function using laser light or the like, an infrared laser from a visible range has been used.
Photoreceptors having a wide spectral sensitivity up to the wavelength region have been actively developed. As a method for achieving such an object, there has been known a method of using a charge generation layer obtained by mixing or laminating a charge generation material having sensitivity in a visible light region and a charge generation material having sensitivity in an infrared region.

As a terminal printer, a printer to which electrophotographic technology is applied has been widely used. These are mainly laser beam printers using laser light as a light source, and a semiconductor laser is used as the light source in terms of cost, size of the apparatus, and the like. At present, a semiconductor laser mainly used has an oscillation wavelength of 790.
Due to its long wavelength of ８820 nm, development of an electrophotographic photoreceptor having sufficient sensitivity to light of the same long wavelength has been promoted. Methods using generation layers are known.

For example, a combination of an azo compound and a phthalocyanine compound is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 7-175241.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-128888 discloses a photoreceptor combining a specific azo pigment and titanyl phthalocyanine, and JP-A-7-128888 discloses a photoreceptor combining a azo compound and gallium phthalocyanine.

However, such photoconductors suffer from the drawback that the characteristics of the respective charge generating materials are not sufficiently exhibited, and in particular, when used in a mixed state, the potential fluctuation at the endurance is increased due to the deterioration of the memory characteristics. When the gallium phthalocyanine compound was used, the chargeability was poor, and image deterioration due to spotting and fogging was observed.
Further, the sensitivity in the visible region and the infrared sensitivity itself were not sufficient.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an electrophotographic photoreceptor which has improved the above-mentioned drawbacks and has high sensitivity, high image quality and little potential fluctuation during durability. Another object of the present invention is to provide a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus using the electrophotographic photosensitive member.

[0008]

According to the present invention, there is provided an electrophotographic photosensitive member having a photosensitive layer on a conductive support, wherein the photosensitive layer comprises hydroxygallium phthalocyanine and a disazo pigment represented by the following general formula (1). It comprises an electrophotographic photosensitive member characterized by containing. General formula (1)

Embedded image In the formula, A ₁ and A ₂ may be the same or different and represent a coupler residue having a phenolic hydroxyl group.

According to the present invention, the electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention, and at least one means selected from the group consisting of a charging means, a developing means and a cleaning means are integrally supported, and the electrophotographic apparatus main body is provided. It is composed of a process cartridge characterized by being detachable.

Further, the present invention comprises an electrophotographic apparatus comprising the electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention, a charging unit, an image exposing unit, a developing unit and a transfer unit.

[0011]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the general formula (1), A ₁ and A
Preferred examples of ₂ include coupler residues represented by the following general formulas (2) to (5). General formula (2)

Embedded image General formula (3)

Embedded image General formula (4)

Embedded image General formula (5)

Embedded image

In the general formulas (2), (3) and (4), X is a naphthalene ring, anthracene ring, carbazole ring, benzocarbazole ring which may be substituted with a benzene ring, It represents a residue necessary to form a polycyclic aromatic ring such as a dibenzofuran ring or a heterocyclic ring.

In the general formulas (2) and (3), R ₁ and R ₂
Is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group which may have a substituent, an aryl group which may have a substituent, an aralkyl group which may have a substituent or a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent And both R and R ₂ may combine with a nitrogen atom to form a cyclic amino group containing a nitrogen atom in the ring.

In the general formula (4), R ₃ is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group which may have a substituent, an aryl group which may have a substituent, and an aralkyl group which may have a substituent. Or a heterocyclic group which may have a substituent.

In the general formula (5), R ₄ represents an alkyl group which may have a substituent, an aryl group which may have a substituent, an aralkyl group which may have a substituent or a substituent. Represents a heterocyclic group which may have

In the above expression, the alkyl group is a group such as methyl, ethyl, propyl, etc., and the aryl group is phenyl,
Groups such as naphthyl and anthryl; aralkyl groups such as benzyl and phenethyl; and heterocyclic groups such as pyridyl, thienyl, thiazolyl, carbazolyl, benzimidazolyl and benzothiazolyl, and the like. Examples of the group include groups such as pyrrole, pyrroline, pyrrolidine, pyrrolidone, indole, indoline, carbazole, imidazole, pyrazole, pyrazoline, oxazine, and phenoxazine.

The substituents include methyl, ethyl,
Alkyl groups such as propyl and butyl, alkoxy groups such as methoxy, ethoxy, and propoxy; halogen atoms such as fluorine, chlorine, and bromine; dialkylamino such as dimethylamino and diethylamino; phenylcarbamoyl; nitro; and cyano And halomethyl groups such as trifluoromethyl.

In the general formula (2), Z represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, and p represents an integer of 0 or 1.

In addition, as a particularly preferred example having high sensitivity,
Among the above coupler residues, the following groups when p is 0 and Z is an oxygen atom in the general formula (2) are exemplified.

Embedded image

Tables 1 to 5 list typical examples of disazo pigments represented by the following basic types, but the pigments are not limited to these.

[0021]

[Table 1]

[Table 2]

[Table 3]

[Table 4]

[Table 5]

The disazo pigment represented by the general formula (1) is prepared by subjecting a corresponding diamine to tetrazotization by a conventional method, and coupling with a coupler in an aqueous system in the presence of an alkali, or
Alternatively, once the tetrazonium salt of the diamine is isolated in the form of a borofluoride salt or a double zinc chloride salt, sodium acetate or triethylamine is dissolved in a suitable solvent such as N, N-dimethylformamide or dimethylsulfoxide. , N-methylmorpholine and the like, and can be easily synthesized by coupling with the coupler.

Next, the general formula of hydroxygallium phthalocyanine (hereinafter referred to as HOGaPc) used in the present invention is shown.

Embedded image In the formula, X ₁ , X ₂ , X ₃ and X ₄ represent Cl or Br, and n, m, k and j are integers of 0-4.

In the present invention, any crystal form of HO
Although GaPc can be used, the crystal HOGaPc having a strong peak at a Bragg angle 2θ ± 0.2 ° of 7.4 ° or 28.2 ° in the X-ray diffraction of CuKα has high sensitivity and is effective in the present invention. It works and is particularly preferred.

According to the present invention, a disazo pigment represented by the above general formula (1) having high sensitivity in the visible light region and an infrared ray
Since both HOGaPc exhibiting high sensitivity in the thermal region are contained as the charge generating material, it is possible to efficiently generate electric charges with respect to light in a visible light region to an infrared region.

In the present invention, the content ratio of HOGaPc to the specific disazo pigment is preferably 20/1 to 1/2.
0, more preferably 10/1 to 1/5.

When the charge generating materials are mixed in forming the photosensitive layer, the respective materials are dispersed in an appropriate binder resin and a solvent at a ratio within the above range, or the individually dispersed liquid is mixed at a predetermined ratio. Mix so that When dispersed individually, the binder resin and the solvent may be different from each other. In the case of laminating, the liquids which are individually dispersed are applied in a film thickness such that the amount of the contained material becomes a predetermined ratio.

Examples of the binder resin used herein include polyester, acrylic resin, polyvinyl carbazole, phenoxy resin, polycarbonate, polyvinyl butyral, polyvinyl benzal, polystyrene, and polyvinyl acetate. -, Polysulfone, polyarylate,
A main example is a vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile copolymer.

The constitution of the electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention may be either a laminated type of a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer, or a single layer type in which a charge generation material and a charge transport material are mixed.
Further, in the case of the stacked type, there are two kinds of stacking order. Among them, a configuration in which the charge generation layer and the charge transport layer are stacked in this order from the support side is general. The configuration of the electrophotographic photosensitive member will be described by taking the configuration as an example.

As the conductive support, any conductive material may be used, and examples thereof include metals such as aluminum and stainless steel, metals having a conductive layer, plastic, and paper. Is mentioned.

An undercoat layer having a barrier function and an adhesive function can be provided between the conductive support and the photosensitive layer. Polyvinyl alcohol,
Polyethylene oxide, ethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, casein, polyamide, glue, gelatin and the like are used. These are dissolved in a suitable solvent and applied on a conductive support.

Further, a conductive layer is provided between the support and the undercoating layer for the purpose of covering unevenness and defects of the support and preventing interference fringes due to scattering when image input is laser light. Is preferred. This is carbon black, metal particles,
It can be formed by dispersing a conductive powder such as a metal oxide in a binder resin. The thickness of the conductive layer is suitably 5 to 40 μm, preferably 10 to 30 μm.

The charge transport layer is formed by applying and drying a coating material in which a charge transport material and a binder resin are dissolved in a solvent. Examples of the charge transport material to be used include various triarylamine compounds, hydrazone compounds, stilbenzene compounds, pyrazoline compounds, oxazole compounds, thiazole compounds, triallylmethane compounds, and the like. . As the binder resin, the same resin as used for the charge generation layer can be used.

These photosensitive layers can be coated by immersion coating, spray coating, spinner coating, or the like.
Coating method, bead coating method, blade coating
For example, a method such as a coating method or a beam coating method can be used.

The electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention can be used not only for an electrophotographic copying machine but also for a laser beam printer,
It can be widely used in electrophotographic applications such as CRT printers, LED printers, liquid crystal printers, and laser plate making.

Next, the process cartridge and the electrophotographic apparatus of the present invention will be described. FIG. 5 shows a schematic configuration of an electrophotographic apparatus having a process cartridge having the electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention. In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a drum-shaped electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention, which is driven to rotate around a shaft 2 at a predetermined peripheral speed in a direction indicated by an arrow. In the rotation process, the photosensitive member 1 is uniformly charged with a predetermined positive or negative potential on its peripheral surface by the primary charging means 3, and then the image exposure means (such as slit exposure or laser beam scanning exposure) is used. (See FIG. 1). Thus, an electrostatic latent image is sequentially formed on the peripheral surface of the photoconductor 1.

The formed electrostatic latent image is then transferred to developing means 5
Is transferred to the transfer material 6 from the paper supply unit (not shown) and fed between the photosensitive member 1 and the transfer means 6 in synchronization with the rotation of the photosensitive member 1. Are sequentially transferred by the transfer means 6. The transfer material 7 having undergone the image transfer is separated from the photoreceptor surface, introduced into the image fixing means 8 and subjected to image fixing, thereby being printed out as a copy (copy) outside the apparatus. The surface of the photoreceptor 1 after the image transfer is cleaned and cleaned by removing the transfer residual toner by the cleaning means 9, and further subjected to a static elimination process by the pre-exposure light 10 from the pre-exposure means (not shown). After that, it is repeatedly used for image formation. When the primary charging means 3 is a contact charging means using a charging roller or the like, pre-exposure is not necessarily required.

In the present invention, a plurality of components, such as the photoreceptor 1, the primary charging means 3, the developing means 5 and the cleaning means 9, are integrally connected as a process cartridge. Alternatively, the process cartridge may be configured to be detachable from a main body of an electrophotographic apparatus such as a copying machine or a laser beam printer. For example, at least one of the primary charging means 3, the developing means 5 and the cleaning means 9 is integrally supported together with the photoreceptor 1 to form a cartridge, and the apparatus main body is guided by a guide means such as the rail 12 of the apparatus main body. The process cartridge 11 can be detachably mounted on the cartridge. When the electrophotographic apparatus is a copier or a printer, the image exposure light 4 uses reflected light or transmitted light from the original, or reads the original with a sensor and converts it into a signal. This is light emitted by scanning of the laser beam, driving of the LED array, driving of the liquid crystal shutter array, and the like.

Next, a production example of HOGaPc used in the present invention will be described. Production Example 1 73 g of o-phthalodinitrile, 25 g of gallium trichloride,
400 ml of α-chloronaphthalene was added in a nitrogen atmosphere for 20 minutes.
After reacting at 0 ° C for 4 hours, the product was filtered at 130 ° C. The obtained product was dispersed and washed with N, N-dimethylformamide at 130 ° C. for 1 hour, filtered, washed with methanol, and dried to obtain 45 g of chlorogallium phthalocyanine. The elemental analysis of this compound is shown. Elemental analysis _{(C 32 H 16 N 8 ClGa} ) C H N Cl Found (%) 61.78 2.66 18.28 6.25 Calculated (%) 62.22 2.61 18.14 5.74

15 g of the chlorogallium phthalocyanine thus obtained was dissolved in 450 g of concentrated sulfuric acid at 10 ° C., dropped into 2300 g of ice water with stirring, reprecipitated, and filtered. Disperse and wash with 2% aqueous ammonia, wash thoroughly with ion-exchanged water, filter and dry to obtain a low crystalline HOGaP
13 g of c were obtained.

Production Example 2 Milling treatment was performed at room temperature (22 ° C.) for 6 hours together with 10 g of HOGaPc obtained in Production Example 1 and 300 g of N, N-dimethylformamide together with 450 g of a 1 mmφ glass bead. Solids were taken out from this dispersion, washed thoroughly with methanol and then with water, and dried to obtain 9.2 g of HOGaPc. The diffraction angle 2θ ± 0.2 ° of this HOGaPc in X-ray diffraction is 7.4 °, a strong peak at 28.2 °.
(Fig. 1). The elemental analysis of this compound is shown. Elemental analysis _{(C 32 H 17 N 8 ClGa} ) C H N Cl Found (%) 62.77 2.61 18.33 0.53 Calculated (%) 64.14 2.86 18.70 -

Production Example 3 Milling treatment was performed at room temperature (22 ° C.) for 20 hours together with 10 g of the HOGaPc obtained in Production Example 1 and 300 g of tetrahydrofuran together with 450 g of a 1 mmφ glass bead. Solids are taken out by this dispersion, methanol,
Next, it was sufficiently washed with water and dried to remove HOGaPc from 9.2.
g was obtained. Diffraction angle 2 in X-ray diffraction of this HOGaPc
θ ± 0.2 ° had strong peaks at 7.4 ° and 28.2 ° (FIG. 2). The elemental analysis of this compound is shown. Elemental analysis _{(C 32 H 17 N 8 ClGa} ) C H N Cl Found (%) 62.74 2.53 18.32 0.54 Calculated (%) 64.14 2.86 18.70 -

Production Example 4 10 g of HOGaPc obtained in Production Example 1 and 300 g of N, N-dimethylaniline were added to a glass bead 45 of 1 mmφ.
Milling was performed at room temperature (22 ° C.) for 6 hours together with 0 g. Solids were taken out from this dispersion and methanol was added.
And then thoroughly washed with water and dried to obtain 9.2 g of HOGaPc. The diffraction angle 2θ ± 0.2 ° of this HOGaPc in X-ray diffraction is 7.6 °, 16.4 °, 25.0.
And a strong peak at 26.5 ° (FIG. 3).

Production Example 5 A milling treatment was performed at room temperature (22 ° C.) for 24 hours together with 10 g of HOGaPc obtained in Production Example 1 and 300 g of chloroform together with 450 g of a 1 mmφ glass bead. Solids were taken out from this dispersion, washed thoroughly with methanol and then with water, and dried to obtain 9.2 g of HOGaPc.
The diffraction angle of this HOGaPc in X-ray diffraction is 2θ ± 0.
2 ° had strong peaks at 6.9 °, 16.5 ° and 26.7 ° (FIG. 4).

Production Example 6 JP-A-61-239248 (US Pat. No. 4,728,
592), a so-called α
A crystalline form of oxytitanium phthalocyanine, referred to as a form, was obtained.

[0046]

EXAMPLES Example 1 50 parts (parts by weight) of titanium oxide powder coated with tin oxide containing 10% antimony oxide, 25 parts of resole type phenol resin, 20 parts of methyl cellosolve, 5 parts of methanol And silicone oil (polydimethylsiloxane polyoxyalkylene copolymer, average molecular weight 3000) 0.0
02 parts were dispersed in a sand mill using a 1 mmφ glass bead for 2 hours to prepare a conductive paint.

The above coating material was immersed and coated on an aluminum cylinder and dried at 140 ° C. for 30 minutes to form a film having a thickness of 18 μm.
m conductive layers were formed.

On top of this, 5 parts of a 6-66-610-12 quaternary polyamide copolymer were mixed with 70 parts of methanol and butanol.
A solution dissolved in 25 parts of the mixed solvent was applied by dip coating and dried to form an undercoat layer having a thickness of 1 μm.

Next, disazo pigment 0.9 of Exemplified Pigment 17 was prepared.
Part and 50 parts of tetrahydrofuran with 1mmφ glass bead
After dispersing in a sand mill for 6 hours, 9.1 parts of the HOGaPc crystal obtained in Production Example 2 and polyvinyl butyral (trade name: SREC BX-1, manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd.) were dispersed in the dispersion. A solution prepared by dissolving 7 parts in 70 parts of tetrahydrofuran was added, and the mixture was further dispersed for 1 hour. 100 parts of butyl acetate was added thereto, and the mixture was diluted and collected. This was dip-coated on the undercoat layer, and dried at 100 ° C. for 10 minutes to form a charge generation layer having a thickness of 0.28 μm. .

Next, 10 parts of a charge transporting material having the following structural formula

Embedded image And a solution prepared by dissolving 10 parts of bisphenol Z-type polycarbonate in 60 parts of monochlorobenzene, dip-coated on the charge generating layer, and dried at 140 ° C. for 30 minutes to form a film having a thickness of 2
An electrophotographic photoreceptor was formed by forming a 5 μm charge transport layer (photoreceptor 1).

The prepared electrophotographic photoreceptor was set in a remodeled digital copier (GP-55, manufactured by Canon Inc.), and the dark area potential was set to -700 V and charged to 78.
By irradiating a laser beam of 0 nm, the potential of -700 V is reduced to -1.
The amount of light required to reduce the voltage to 50 V was measured and defined as sensitivity.
Further, the potential when a light amount of 20 μJ / cm ² was irradiated was measured as the residual potential Vr. The results are shown. Sensitivity: 0.23 (μJ / cm ² ) Residual potential Vr: -13 V

Next, using this electrophotographic photosensitive member, the humidity of 1
A continuous paper passing durability test of 3,000 sheets was performed in the three environments of 0% temperature 15 ° C., humidity 50% temperature 18 ° C., and humidity 80% temperature 35 ° C., with the dark part potential set to −700 V and the light part potential set to −150 V. When the potential measurement of the dark part potential and the light part potential after the durability test and the image quality evaluation were performed, a good image equivalent to the initial image was obtained after the durability test in any environment.

Example 2 In Example 1, the disazo pigment 0.9 of Exemplified Pigment 17 was used.
Parts and 9.1 parts of the HOGaPc crystal obtained in Production Example 2, 1.7 parts of disazo pigment of Exemplified Pigment 17 and Production Example 2
An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 8.3 parts of the HOGaPc crystal obtained in (1) was used (photosensitive member 2).

Example 3 In Example 1, the disazo pigment 0.9 of Exemplified Pigment 17 was used.
Part and the HOGaPc crystal obtained in Production Example 2 were replaced with 9.1 parts of the HOGaPc crystal obtained in Production Example 2, except that 5 parts of disazo pigment of Exemplified Pigment 17 and 5 parts of the HOGaPc crystal obtained in Production Example 2 were used To prepare an electrophotographic photoreceptor (photoreceptor 3).

Example 4 In Example 1, 0.9 of disazo pigment of Exemplified Pigment 17 was used.
Part 8.3 parts of disazo pigment of Exemplified pigment 17 and 9.1 parts of the HOGaPc crystal obtained in Production Example 2
An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 1.7 parts of the HOGaPc crystal obtained in (1) was used (photosensitive member 4).

Example 5 An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the HOGaPc crystal obtained in Production Example 3 was used instead of the HOGaPc crystal obtained in Production Example 2. (Photoconductor 5).

Example 6 An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3, except that the HOGaPc crystal obtained in Production Example 4 was used instead of the HOGaPc crystal obtained in Production Example 2. (Photoconductor 6).

Example 7 An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3, except that the HOGaPc crystal obtained in Production Example 5 was used instead of the HOGaPc crystal obtained in Production Example 2. (Photoconductor 7).

Example 8 In Example 3, a disazo pigment of Exemplified Pigment 29 was used in place of Disazo Pigment of Exemplified Pigment 17, and a compound having the following structural formula was used as a charge transport material.

Embedded image An electrophotographic photoreceptor was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3 except for using (Photoreceptor 8).

Example 9 In Example 1, the disazo pigment of Exemplified Pigment 15 was used in place of the disazo pigment of Exemplified Pigment 17, and a compound having the following structural formula was used as a charge transport material.

Embedded image An electrophotographic photoreceptor was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except for using (Photoreceptor 9).

Example 10 In Example 1, after forming an undercoat layer in the same manner as in Example 1, 8 parts of disazo pigment of Exemplified Pigment 8 was dissolved in 100 parts of tetrahydrofuran to obtain polyvinyl-4-fluorobenzal. In addition to 4 parts, the mixture was dispersed in a sand mill using a glass bead of 1 mmφ for 30 hours, 100 parts of 2-butanone was added thereto, and the mixture was diluted and collected. Was adjusted such that the content of the disazo pigment in the layer was 100 mg / m ² .

Next, 5 parts of HOGaPc of Production Example 2 was added to 3 parts of polyvinyl butyral (described above) dissolved in 200 parts of 4-methoxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone, and 1 mmφ
The mixture was dispersed for 3 hours by a sand mill using a glass bead, diluted with 200 parts of ethyl acetate, recovered, and coated on the disazo pigment layer. The film thickness is
The content of HOGaPc in the layer was adjusted to 150 mg / m ² .

A charge transport layer was formed thereon in the same manner as in Example 1 to prepare an electrophotographic photosensitive member (photosensitive member 10).

Comparative Example 1 An electrophotographic photosensitive member was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3, except that the oxytitanium phthalocyanine crystal obtained in Production Example 6 was used instead of the HOGaPc crystal obtained in Production Example 2. Was prepared (Comparative Photoconductor 1).

Comparative Example 2 In Example 3, the disazo pigment represented by the following structural formula was used as the disazo pigment.

Embedded image An electrophotographic photoreceptor was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the photoreceptor was used (Comparative photoreceptor 2).

The electrophotographic photosensitive members of the photosensitive members 2 to 10 and the comparative photosensitive members 1 and 2 were installed in a remodeled digital copying machine (described above) in the same manner as in Example 1, and the dark section potential was set to -700 V. And irradiating it with 780 nm laser light to -700
The amount of light required to lower the V potential to -150 V was measured and defined as sensitivity. Further, the potential when a light amount of 20 μJ / cm ² was irradiated was measured as the residual potential Vr. Table 6 shows the results.

[0067]

[Table 6]

Further, these photoconductors are set to a dark potential of -700.
V and the light-portion potential were set to -150 V, and continuous 3,000 sheets were passed, and the fluctuation amounts ΔVd and ΔVl of the dark-portion potential and the light-portion potential at the initial stage and after 3000 sheets were measured. Further, black spots and fogging were evaluated as comprehensive evaluations before and after the durability test. Table 7 shows the results.

[0069]

[Table 7]

As is clear from the results in Tables 6 and 7, the electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention has low residual power, has no image defects such as black spots and fog, has high image quality, has high sensitivity characteristics, and is stable when repeatedly used. It turns out that it has a potential characteristic.

[0071]

The electrophotographic photoreceptor of the present invention has high sensitivity in a wide wavelength range from visible light to infrared light, has high image quality, and maintains good potential stability during durability. Has a remarkable effect. In addition, a remarkable effect is similarly obtained in a process cartridge and an electrophotographic apparatus.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an X-ray diffraction diagram of hydroxygallium phthalocyanine produced in Production Example 2.

FIG. 2 is an X-ray diffraction diagram of hydroxygallium phthalocyanine produced in Production Example 3.

FIG. 3 is an X-ray diffraction diagram of hydroxygallium phthalocyanine produced in Production Example 4.

FIG. 4 is an X-ray diffraction diagram of hydroxygallium phthalocyanine produced in Production Example 5

FIG. 5 is a process card having the electrophotographic photosensitive member of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of an electrophotographic apparatus having a cartridge.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electrophotographic photoreceptor of this invention 2 axis 3 Primary charging means 4 Image exposure light 5 Developing means 6 Transfer means 7 Transfer material 8 Image fixing means 9 Cleaning means 10 Pre-exposure light 11 Process cartridge 12 Rail

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An electrophotographic photoreceptor having a photosensitive layer on a conductive support, wherein the photosensitive layer contains hydroxygallium phthalocyanine and a disazo pigment represented by the following general formula (1). Photoreceptor. General formula (1) In the formula, A ₁ and A ₂ may be the same or different and represent a coupler residue having a phenolic hydroxyl group. 2. The photosensitive layer has a charge generation layer and a charge transport layer, and at least the charge generation layer contains the hydroxygallium phthalocyanine and the disazo pigment represented by the general formula (1). The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to the above. 3. The electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1, wherein the disazo pigment is a disazo pigment having the following structural formula. Structural formula 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the hydroxygallium phthalocyanine has a Bragg angle of 2 ± 0.1 in X-ray diffraction of CuKα.
3. A hydroxygallium phthalocyanine crystal having a strong peak at 2 ° of 7.4 ° and 28.2 °.
Or the electrophotographic photosensitive member according to 3. 5. The electrophotographic photoreceptor according to claim 1, and at least one means selected from the group consisting of a charging means, a developing means and a cleaning means are integrally supported, and are detachably attached to an electrophotographic apparatus main body. A process cartridge characterized by the following. 6. An electrophotographic apparatus comprising the electrophotographic photosensitive member according to claim 1, a charging unit, an image exposing unit, a developing unit, and a transferring unit.