JP2000074139A - Base isolation device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To downsize a device so as to apply the device to a supported body in a wide range between a low load and a heavy load by rotating lower and upper wheels along a recessed shaped lower and upper rails while independently rotating the wheels around lower and upper axles by earthquake motion, and isolating vibration of the supported body. SOLUTION: Lower and upper wheels 7a, 7b of a base isolation device 1 are positioned at right and left uniform distances from recessed lowest part position and a highest part position in a center part of lower and upper rails 4, 5. A supported body 3 stands still on a support body 2 at a reference position of a lowest level. At the time of an intermediate displacement by earthquake motion in right and left directions X, the lower and upper wheels 7a, 7b are respectively rotated on recessed surfaces of the lower and upper rails 4, 5. At the time of a maximum displacement, a load of the supported body 3 which is vibrated repeatedly while receiving restoring force corresponding to a displacement from a lowest level position at the time of the maximum displacement goes through each wheel and each axle without reaching the supporting body 2 directly, and thereby, friction is effectively activated on a base isolation action as damping force.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement of a seismic isolation device using rolling elements for earthquake motion used for buildings, machines, computers, expensive equipment, and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a prior art, a rolling member having a rod-shaped circular cross section, that is, a roller having a round cross section, is sandwiched between a curved surface on a support and a curved surface below a supported member by the present inventor. There is a seismic isolation device having a central portion and a link mechanism rotatably connected to a supporting member and a supported member (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-87).
No. 63, hereinafter abbreviated as a roller type). Also, a seismic isolation device developed by the inventor, in which a guide member having a curved surface is mounted on a support and the supported member is supported by a rolling element that can roll around an axis, that is, an axle and wheels that can roll around the axle. There is a device (described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-74609,
Hereinafter, it is abbreviated as a wheel type). When these seismic isolation devices are actually used, a plurality of seismic isolation devices are arranged between the support and the supported object in accordance with the weight and shape of the supported object.

[0003]

In the above seismic isolation device of the prior art, the restoring force in the displaced state is proportional to the weight of the supported member,
The natural frequency is independent of the weight, and can be effectively isolated from long-period ground motions.
The roller type is, for example, shown in FIGS.
As shown in (c), a roller 101 is interposed between the upper rail 105 and the lower rail 104 between the support 2 and the supported body 3 to form one unit. Four sets of seismic isolation devices 100 are provided at front, rear, left and right positions. Next, when the seismic isolation device 100 is viewed from the front and at the time of the maximum displacement due to the occurrence of the seismic motion in the left-right direction X, as for the upper unit shown in FIG. The one-stroke S indicating the maximum horizontal displacement with respect to the lowest portion which is the center of the concave surface of the lower rail 104 fixed to the body 2 is substantially equal to the concave longitudinal length L of the lower rail 104 of one seismic isolation device 100. Equally, in order to stably cope with the entire stroke 2S including the moving distances on the left and right sides, the total length of the pair of left and right seismic isolation devices 100 is 2L. For example, in the case of the Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake-grade earthquake motion, the total stroke 2S is approximately 500 mm, the total length 2L of the pair of right and left seismic isolation devices 100 is 500 mm, and the total length L is approximately 250 m.
m. Therefore, the length of the lower rail 104 can be reduced, and the apparatus can be compactly stored. However, since the roller alone does not generate damping force, it is necessary to add damping force with another device, and the roller may fall off or fall into a deadlock state on the concave surface sandwiching the roller vertically. For this reason, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-8763
In the device described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. H11-260, a special link mechanism is provided to restrict the movement of the rollers. In addition, some have special dampers or spring damping devices or special frames. On the other hand, the wheel type does not require a special damping device and has a simple structure because the friction between the wheel and the axle effectively acts as a damping force. However, for the full stroke 2S corresponding to the full amplitude of the assumed seismic motion, The total rail length L must be about twice that of the roller type. For example, in the case of the Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake-grade earthquake motion, the total stroke 2S is approximately 500 mm, the total length L of one seismic isolation device is approximately 500 mm, and the total length of the pair is approximately 1 mm.
000 mm, and there is a problem that the size of the apparatus is increased. On the other hand, the present invention improves the wheel type, effectively utilizes the damping force by the wheel and the axle, does not require a special damping device, and can further reduce the size of the device by approximating the roller type, It is an object of the present invention to obtain a simple seismic isolation device that can be downsized and applicable to a wide range of supported members from low loads to heavy loads.

[0004]

According to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the apparatus is mounted between a support and a supported body, and is fixed to the support. A concave lower rail having a lowest central portion, a lower wheel engaging with the lower rail, a lower axle rotatably supporting the lower wheel directly or via a bearing, and the supported body. A concave upper rail which is fixed to the upper part and has a central portion without the highest part, and which is disposed in a facing direction above the lower rail; an upper wheel engaging with the upper rail; and the upper wheel directly or via a bearing. An upper axle rotatably supported and parallel to the lower axle, and a housing having a support member for fixing the lower axle and the upper axle to each other, wherein each of the wheels is independently rotated around each axle by seismic motion. Along each rail while rotating The rolling was the object support were resolved by seismic isolation can and the seismic isolation device. In the invention of claim 2, one of the combinations of the combination of the lower wheel and the lower axle and the combination of the upper wheel and the upper axle is a pair, and the other combination is one or a pair. The described seismic isolation device can be used. In the invention according to claim 3, the seismic isolation device according to claim 2, wherein the axis of each wheel and axle is substantially disposed at the vertex of any one of a triangle, a square, and a trapezoid. Can be. According to the invention of claim 4, the axis of each wheel and axle is disposed substantially at the apex of the parallelogram, and the lowest part of the middle portion of the lower rail when viewed horizontally in the reference state when seismic motion is not activated. 3. The seismic isolation device according to claim 2, wherein the position and the highest part of the middle portion of the upper rail have substantially the same deviation as the distance between the axes of the lower wheel and the upper wheel adjacent to both ends. Can be. According to the invention of claim 5, the seismic isolation device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a pair of plate members is used as the support member. According to the invention of claim 6, the seismic isolation device according to claim 5, wherein the bar-shaped connecting member is fixed at a position straddling a pair of supporting members and avoiding each wheel.

According to the present invention, the lower rail is fixed on a support and extends longitudinally; a lower rail erected perpendicularly to the lower base and extends longitudinally;
The lower rail portion has a lower rolling surface in which a substantially constant width opening is formed, the center portion of which is the lowest portion and gradually increases toward both ends, and the upper rail is located below the supported member. An upper base fixedly and extending longitudinally, an upper rail vertically standing on the upper base and extending longitudinally, and a central portion of the upper rail being the highest portion and gradually lowering toward both ends; Having an upper rolling surface with an opening having a substantially constant width,
The lower and upper rolling surfaces are arranged in a symmetrical position,
The seismic isolation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein each wheel is allowed to roll under restraint at the opening along the rolling surface by the seismic motion. According to the invention of claim 8, in the seismic isolation device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, a plurality of lower wheels and upper wheels are arranged in series between the support members at intervals. It can be. According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, in the seismic isolation device according to the eighth aspect, the distance between each adjacent wheel which is fitted between the adjacent lower wheel and upper wheel through the lower axle and the upper axle is slightly smaller. A seismic isolation device provided with a reinforcing material having a small width can be provided. In the invention of claim 10,
10. The seismic isolation device according to claim 8, wherein a lower guide surface is engraved on both lower ends of the lower rail in parallel with the rail surface, and the rail surfaces are formed on both upper ends of the upper rail surface. A housing having an upper guide surface engraved in parallel with the housing, a support member extending vertically and longitudinally, and a roller-shaped cam follower rotatable around an inner end of a shaft fixed to upper and lower ends of the support member. And the cam follower can roll along the lower guide surface and the upper guide surface in conjunction with the rolling of each wheel due to the seismic motion. In the invention of claim 11, claims 1 to 1
0, wherein each axle is fixed to each wheel, and each axle is rotatably supported at an opening of the housing directly or via a bearing. it can. According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, at least one pair of the seismic isolation devices according to any one of the first to eleventh aspects is mounted on a support so that the wheel rolling directions of the lower rail and the upper rail are perpendicular to each other. A seismic isolation device that is stacked and fixed, and each wheel rotates along each rail while rotating around each axle by seismic motion including orthogonal two-way components, enabling the supported body to be isolated. Can be.

The common components among the components used in the seismic isolation device of the present invention will be described. As a support,
Any device can be used as long as the seismic isolation device can be fixed.
There are foundations or fixings / fixed objects or structures on them. As the material of the rail, metal, hardwood, hard plastic, FRP, glass, ceramic, etc. can be used, but the most widely used is carbon steel or stainless steel, and the material and size depend on the weight and use conditions of the supported body. Is selected. The concave shape of the rail is not particularly limited, but in order to obtain a desired spring constant, the vertical cut surface has a minimum or a maximum portion, and usually has a symmetrical shape such as an arc, a parabola, a hyperbola, a straight line or a curvature alone or in combination. A constant or variable one is used, and is selected so that the supported body is in the reference state at the lowest level when the earthquake is not operating. As the characteristics of the restoring force, for example, those described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-74609 are used. Further, a receiving portion for mounting the wheel may be provided at the concave end of the lower rail, and the wheel may move to the central portion when an earthquake motion occurs. Further, it is preferable to provide stoppers made of rubber, spring material, steep slopes of the rails, bending of the rails, and the like at both ends of the rails.
The configuration of the wheel and the axle is not particularly limited as long as it is a rolling element that can roll around the axis. As the material of the wheels, axles and connecting members, metals, ceramics or hard plastics can be used, but the most commonly used are carbon steel or stainless steel, and hard plastics are used for light loads, and the weight of the supported body is high. The material and size are selected according to the usage conditions.
The wheels are preferably provided with rolling bearings or oil-free bearings, and ready-made ones can also be used.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a part of a first example of a seismic isolation device of the present invention, in which (a) a front view as viewed in the direction of CC, (b) a front view, and (c).
It is an A-A sectional side view, and (d) is a BB sectional side view. FIG. 2 is a schematic front view showing the operation of the seismic isolation device of FIG.
(A) at reference state, (b) at intermediate displacement, (c) at maximum displacement. Fig. 3 shows (a) the conventional roller-type seismic isolation device.
Schematic plan view in a reference state, schematic front views of (b) and (a),
(C) It is a schematic front view at the time of maximum displacement. FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view (a) in a reference state, (b) a schematic front view in (a), and (c) a schematic front view in maximum displacement in which the first example of the seismic isolation device in FIG. 1 is combined. is there. 5A is a schematic front view showing the behavior of the wheel portion of the seismic isolation device of FIG. 1 at the time of intermediate displacement, and FIG.
It is a schematic front view at the time of a standard state of (a), and (c) is a schematic front view at the time of intermediate displacement which shows behavior of the roller part of the conventional roller type seismic isolation device. FIG. 6 is a schematic front view showing a second example of the seismic isolation device of the present invention, in which (a) is in a reference state and (b) is in a maximum displacement state. FIG. 7 shows a third example of the seismic isolation device of the present invention.
It is a top view, (b) It is a front view. Fig. 8 is a partially enlarged view of the seismic isolation device of Fig. 7, (a) D-D cross-sectional front view, (b) E-E
It is sectional side view. FIG. 9 is a fourth example of the seismic isolation device of the present invention, in which (a) is a plan view and (b) is a front view. 10: is a wheel part enlarged view of the seismic isolation device of FIG. 9, (a) Front view, (b)
It is FF sectional front view, (c) top view, and (d) GG sectional plan view. FIG. 11 is a fifth example of the seismic isolation device of the present invention.
The lower half is shown in a front view and the upper half is shown in a central longitudinal section. FIG. 12 is a schematic front view showing a sixth example of the seismic isolation device of the present invention, in which (a) a reference state, (b) a maximum displacement,
(C) The reference state of the modified example. FIG. 13 is a schematic front view showing a seventh example of the seismic isolation device of the present invention, in which (a) is in a reference state and (b) is in a maximum displacement state. Hereinafter, the seismic isolation device will be described as left and right, up and down, and front and rear when viewed from the front.

Referring to FIG. 1, a seismic isolation device 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Will be described. The same components are partially omitted from the reference numerals. The seismic isolation device 1 is mounted between the support 2 and the supported member 3 and includes a lower rail 4, an upper rail 5, wheels 7, an axle 8, and a housing 6. The lower rail 4 is fixed on the support 2, and is formed, for example, in an arc shape as a concave shape in which the central portion is the lowest portion and gradually increases toward both ends, and the upper rail 5 is located below the supported member 3. Is fixed in
The central part is the highest part and is formed in a concave shape, for example, having a concave shape that gradually decreases toward both ends. The upper rail 5 is disposed above the lower rail 4 with the circular surfaces facing each other. The four wheels 7 are arranged at four symmetrical positions in the vertical and horizontal directions when viewing the lower rail 4 and the upper rail 5 in the longitudinal direction, that is, in the wheel rolling direction left and right, and a pair of left and right lower wheels 7a and 7a that engage with the lower rail 4 are provided. , And a pair of left and right upper wheels 7b, 7b that engage with the upper rail 5. The axle 8
Four wheels are arranged at symmetrical positions in the vertical and horizontal directions, and the lower wheels 7a, 7a
Right and left lower axles 8a, 8a rotatably supporting the
And a pair of left and right upper axles 8b, 8b rotatably supporting the upper wheels 7b, 7b, and each axle is parallel to each other. Here, the lower axles 8a, 8a and the upper axles 8b, 8b are used as fasteners such as snap rings 8
c, 8c and 8d, 8d
Are fixed to the supporting members 6a, 6a. Instead of the snap rings 8c, 8c and 8d, 8d, the lower axles 8a, 8
a and screws at the front and rear ends of the upper axles 8b, 8b, and may be fixed by tightening nuts. It is preferable to provide a separate bearing 9 such as a non-lubricated bearing or a rolling bearing between each wheel and the axle, because stable friction can be obtained. Is unnecessary. Lower wheels 7a, 7a and upper wheels 7b,
It is preferable to form flanges 7c and 7d on both sides of the edge 7b, respectively, and engage with the lower rail 4 and the upper rail 5, respectively, to prevent derailing.

The housing 6 has lower axles 8a, 8a and upper axles 8b, 8b
Snap rings 8c, 8 of the fastener
c and 8d, 8d, 8d, a pair of front and rear substantially rectangular plate-shaped support members 6a, 6a,
a, a bar-shaped connecting member 6b having a circular cross-section and fixed between the central portions of 6a and 6a. The shape of the support members 6a, 6a is not limited to a substantially rectangular shape, but may be any shape as long as each axle can be fixed at a vertically symmetrical position, and the center of the hole formed in the support member 6a, the wheels 7 and the axle 8 The shaft center is disposed at the apex of the square. The connecting member 6b is effective for keeping the supporting members 6a, 6a parallel to each other and for maintaining the strength, but the lower axles 8a, 8a
a and the upper axles 8b, 8b may be replaced by fixing.
In addition, it is sufficient that the position is not between the center portions of the support members 6a and 6a, but a position avoiding each wheel, and the cross-sectional shape may not be circular. With the above-described configuration, the lower wheels 7a, 7a of the wheels 7 move along the lower rail 4 while rotating around the lower axles 8a, 8a fixed to the support members 6a, 6a, and the upper wheels 7b, 7b correspond to the support members 6a, While rotating around upper axles 8b, 8b fixed to 6a, they are independently rollable along the upper rail 5 while rotating. Although the above-described seismic isolation device 1 is used alone, for example, as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), the pair of seismic isolation devices 1 The support 2 is stacked on the support 2 in the left-right direction X and the front-rear direction Y so as to be at right angles, and fixed to each other.
Four units are fixedly arranged on the upper surface to form one unit, and four units are arranged at four corners of the supported member 3. In the case of light load, only one unit that is two-tiered is used in the left-right direction X and the front-rear direction Y
It is possible to use only one stage for the one-way seismic isolation in the left-right direction X or the front-rear direction Y.

Referring to FIG. 6, a seismic isolation device 1 according to a second embodiment of the present invention is shown.
0 will be described. Components common to those described in the seismic isolation device 1 will be denoted by the same reference numerals, and some of the components will be omitted from illustration and description, and differences will be described. The seismic isolation device 10 is mounted between the support body 2 and the supported body 3 and includes a lower rail 4, an upper rail 5, wheels 17, an axle 18, and a housing 16. Wheel 17 is one upper two lower three total
A pair of left and right lower wheels 17a, 17a engaged with the lower rail 4 and one upper wheel 17b engaged with the upper rail 5 are provided. The axle 18 is upper one lower two
A pair of left and right lower axles 18a, 18a rotatably supporting the lower wheels 17a, 17a, and one upper axle 18 rotatably supporting the upper wheels 17b.
b, and each axle is parallel to each other. For the separate bearings, fasteners and connecting members,
It can be selected with the same configuration as. The housing 16 has the same configuration as that of the housing 6 except for a pair of front and rear substantially rectangular plate-shaped support members 16a in which a total of three holes are drilled. . Here, the center of the hole formed in the support member 16a, the axis of each wheel 17 and the axle 18 are disposed at the apex of the triangle. With the above configuration, the lower wheels 17a, 17a of the wheels 17 are connected to the lower axle 18
The upper wheels 17b rotate along the lower rail 4 while rotating around the upper and lower axles 18a. The upper wheels 17b can roll independently of each other along the upper rail 5 while rotating around the upper axle 18b.
Here, a pair of lower wheels 17a, 17a is used, and one upper wheel 17b is used, so that the upper rail can be shortened by the distance between the wheels in comparison with the seismic isolation device 1, and
The height of the triangle formed by the holes formed in 6a can be made small, and as a result, the distance between the lower rail 4 and the upper rail 5 is narrow, and the number of wheels is reduced by one.
However, it is necessary to select a large upper wheel 17b in order to withstand the load of the supported body 3 by one piece, and the number of types of wheels increases, and the stability is slightly reduced as compared with the case where two pieces are used. . Also, the wheel arrangement shown in FIG. 6 may be inverted, which is suitable when the lower rail needs to be shorter than the upper rail.

Referring to FIGS. 7 and 8, the structure of a seismic isolation device 20 according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 8 shows a part of one unit of the seismic isolation device 20, and FIG.
Although it is arranged below, first, one basic unit will be described. Common components are denoted by reference numerals only for some of them. The seismic isolation device 20 includes a lower rail 24, an upper rail 25, wheels 27, an axle 28, and a housing 26. The lower rail 24 includes a lower base 24 a that is fixed on the support 2 and that is elongated and narrower, and a lower base 2 a.
4a, a lower rail portion 24b erected vertically upward at the center portion and extending longitudinally, and the lower rail portion 24b has a concave portion with a substantially constant width that has a central portion as the lowest portion and gradually increases toward both ends. For example, it has a lower rolling surface 24c in which an arc-shaped opening is formed. The upper rail 25 includes an upper base 25a that is fixed below the supported member 3 and extends in a narrow longitudinal direction.
And an upper rail portion 25b which is vertically erected vertically at the center of the upper base portion 25a and extends longitudinally; and the upper rail portion 25b has a substantially constant width whose center portion is the highest portion and gradually decreases toward both ends. For example, it has an upper rolling surface 25c in which an arc-shaped opening is formed as a concave shape. The lower rail 24 and the upper rail 25 are disposed with the lower rolling surface 24c and the upper rolling surface 25c facing each other at a symmetrical position with a slight gap. The four wheels 27 are provided at four symmetrical positions in the vertical and horizontal directions when the lower rail 24 and the upper rail 25 are viewed in the longitudinal direction, that is, in the left and right direction of the wheel rolling.
A pair of left and right lower wheels 27a engaged with the rolling surface 24c of
27a, and a pair of left and right upper wheels 27b, 27b that engage with the rolling surface 25c of the upper rail 25. The four axles 28 are disposed at symmetrical positions in the vertical and horizontal directions.
A pair of left and right lower axles 28a, 28a rotatably supporting the wheels 7a, 27a, and a pair of left and right upper axles 28b, 28b rotatably supporting the upper wheels 27b, 27b. Each is parallel. Although not shown to avoid congestion, the lower axles 28a and 28a and the upper axles 28b and 28b are similar to the seismic isolation device 1.
Are fixed to support members 26a, 26a of a housing 26 to be described later by, for example, a snap ring or a nut as a fixing tool. As a preferred configuration, a separate bearing 29 may be interposed between each wheel and the axle.
7a and the upper wheel 27b have flanges 27c on both sides.
And 27d may be formed similarly to the seismic isolation device 1 described above.

The front and rear ends of the lower axles 28a, 28a and the upper axles 28b, 28b are fitted into four holes formed at symmetric positions in the vertical and horizontal directions. It has a pair of substantially square plate-shaped support members 26a, 26a arranged in parallel. Here, the configuration corresponding to the connecting member 6b of the seismic isolation device 1 is omitted, and the lower axles 28a, 28a and the upper axles 28b, 2b,
Although each of the connecting members 8b also serves as a connecting member, the connecting member may be separately provided at a position avoiding each wheel between the supporting members 26a, 26a. With the above configuration, of the wheels 27, the lower wheels 27a, 27a rotate along the lower axles 28a, 28a fixed to the support members 26a, 26a, along the lower rolling surface 24c of the lower rail 24, and the upper wheels 27b,
27b is an upper axle 2 fixed to the supporting members 26a, 26a.
While rotating around 8b and 28b, along the upper rolling surface 25c of the upper rail 25, the rolling surfaces 24c and 25c can be independently rolled under substantially vertically restricted openings in the openings of substantially constant width. I have. When one unit of the seismic isolation device 20 is used, the seismic isolation device 20 can be applied to either one of the lateral direction X or the front-rear direction Y, but FIG. The units are juxtaposed to form a single stage, and the lower rail 24 and the upper rail 25 are stacked in two stages on the support 2 in the left-right direction X and the front-rear direction Y via the intermediate member 22 so that the rolling directions of the wheels are perpendicular to each other. And a total of four units are arranged on the outer edge portion under the supported member 3.

Referring to FIGS. 9 and 10, the structure of a seismic isolation device 30 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 10 shows an enlarged rolling portion of the seismic isolation device 30 such as wheels, and FIG. It shows an example of using in two directions. First, a description will be given of a basic one-way rolling portion, but only some of common components are denoted by reference numerals. The seismic isolation device 30 includes a reinforcing member 31 as an optional component in addition to the essential components of the lower rail 34, the upper rail 35, the wheels 37, the axle 38, and the housing 36. Lower rail 34 and upper rail 3
5 has the same concave shape as the lower rail 4 and the upper rail 5 of the first example, except that the width in the direction perpendicular to the concave wheel rolling direction is larger than the lower rail 4 and the upper rail 5. I have. The wheels 37 are disposed at symmetrical positions in the vertical and horizontal directions toward the lower rail 34 and the upper rail 35, and a pair of left and right lower wheels 37 a, 37 a that engage in a width direction perpendicular to the wheel rolling direction of the lower rail 34. Interval T
And n columns in series (n is an integer of 2 or more, 6 in FIG. 9).
Row) A total of 2 × n pieces and a total of 2 × n pieces of n rows are arranged in series with a pair of left and right upper wheels 37b, 37b engaging in the width direction of the upper rail 35 with an interval T therebetween. I have. Four axles 38 are arranged at symmetrical positions in the vertical and horizontal directions, and rotate a pair of left and right lower axles 38a, 38a rotatably supporting the lower wheels 37a in each of n rows and upper wheels 37b in each of the n rows. A pair of left and right upper axles 38b, 38b freely pivotally supported
And each axle is parallel to each other. The separate bearing 39 has a selective configuration similarly to the bearing 9 of the first example.

The housing 36 has lower axles 38a and 38a and upper axles 38
a pair of front and rear substantially parallel plate-shaped support members 36a, 36a fixed at front and rear end portions of b, 38b and fixed as fasteners by, for example, snap rings 38c, 38c, 38d, 38d; 36a, a long connecting member 36b having a circular cross-section, which is fixed between the central portions of 36a and 36a by a fixing tool 36c such as a nut.
In the case of a light load, the connecting member 36b may be omitted. The fixing tool 36c can be modified and used as in the first example. The reinforcing member 31 includes a lower axle 38a, 38a and an upper axle 38 between the adjacent lower wheels 37a, 37a and the upper wheels 37b, 37b between the pair of front and rear housings 36.
b, 38b, are n-1 (five in FIG. 10) substantially square plate-like bodies having a width t slightly smaller than the interval T, but can be omitted in the case of a light load. is there. With the above configuration, in the one-way rolling portion of the seismic isolation device 30 in FIG. 10, the lower wheels 37a in each of the n rows rotate around the lower axles 38a, 38a fixed to the supporting members 36a, 36a while lower rails 37a. 34, along n rows of upper wheels 37b, 37b
Is an upper axle 38b fixed to the support members 36a, 36a,
While rotating around the upper rail 35b, they roll independently of each other along the upper rail 35, and can be isolated from one-way seismic motion. On the other hand, FIG. 9 shows two pairs of the rolling portions in one direction on the support 2 in the left-right direction X and the front-rear direction Y such that the wheel rolling directions of the lower rail 34 and the upper rail 35 are perpendicular to each other. In a stack, the support plate 3 is arranged crosswise below the supported member 3 and a seat plate 33 straddling the lower upper rail 35 and the upper lower rail 34 is fixed to an end by a fixing tool such as a bolt. Thus, seismic isolation including two orthogonal components in the left-right direction X and the front-rear direction Y is possible.

Referring to FIG. 11, the structure of a seismic isolation device 40 according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described. The seismic isolation device 40 includes the lower rail 4
4. In addition to the essential components of the upper rail 45, the wheels 47, the axle 48, the housing 46, and the cam portion 50, a reinforcing member 41 is provided as an optional component. Here, the wheel 47, the axle 48, and the reinforcing member 41 are the same as the wheel 3 described in the fourth example.
7, the configuration is the same as that of the axle 38 and the reinforcing member 31, and the detailed description is omitted. The lower rail 44 and the upper rail 45
The lower rail 34 and the upper rail 35 of the fourth example are provided on the surface.
It has a lower rail surface 44a and an upper rail surface 45a having the same concave shape as the above, and has a large width in a direction perpendicular to the concave wheel rolling direction. In addition, a lower guide surface 44b having an L-shaped cross section parallel to the lower rail surface 44a at a constant width is engraved at both lower end edges of the lower rail surface 44a, and an upper rail surface 45a is formed at upper end edges of the upper rail surface 45a. An upper guide surface 45b having an L-shaped cross section is formed in parallel with the fixed width. The housing 46 has a pair of front and rear longitudinally narrow plate-like supporting members 46a, 46a, and four holes formed at the center of the supporting members 46a, 46a at symmetrical positions in the vertical and horizontal directions.
8a, 48a and the front and rear ends of the upper axles 48b, 48b are fitted and fixed by a fixing tool.
a, holes are drilled in the upper and lower ends of the support material 46a,
A fixing tool 4 such as a nut extending over the center of 46a.
6c, and has a long connecting member 46b having a circular cross section, but in the case of a light load, the connecting member 46b may be omitted, and the fixing tool 46c can be modified and used as in the first example. is there. The cam portion 50 penetrates through holes formed in the upper and lower ends of the supporting members 46a, 46a, and has a fixing member 50 such as a nut on the outside.
b, four roller-shaped cam followers 50c are rotatably disposed on the inner end of the shaft 50a fixed by b via a separate bearing 50d such as an oilless bearing or a rolling bearing, and the cam follower 50c has a lower guide surface. Rolling is possible along 44b and upper guide surface 45b. Here, the bearing 50d is of an optional configuration.

Referring to FIG. 12A, the structure of a seismic isolation device 60 according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described. The seismic isolation device 60 is mounted between the support body 2 and the supported body 3 and mounted on the lower rail 6.
4, an upper rail 65, wheels 67, an axle 68, and a housing 66. The lower rail 64 is fixedly mounted on the support 2 with a total length L on the left and right sides, with the lowest part being one to the left of the center.
For example, an arc-shaped surface is formed as a concave shape that gradually increases toward both ends at a middle position u closer to / 2d.
The upper rail 65 is fixed below the supported body 3 with a total length L on the left and right sides, and in a reference state at the time of non-operation of the earthquake, the highest portion gradually moves toward both ends at a middle position v which is 1/2 d to the right from the center. The lower rail 64 is formed, for example, in an arcuate shape as a concave shape that becomes lower, and the upper rail 65 is disposed above the lower rail 64 with the arcuate surfaces facing each other. Therefore, the left and right horizontal shift between the middle positions u and v is set to d. Wheel 67
The upper and lower wheels are arranged in total of four and have a pair of left and right lower wheels 67a, 67a engaged with the lower rail 64 and a pair of left and right upper wheels 67b, 67b engaged with the upper rail 65. I have. The axle 68 includes two upper and lower axles, a total of four, and a pair of left and right lower axles 68a, 68a rotatably supporting the lower wheels 67a, 67a, and upper wheels 67b, 6.
A pair of left and right upper axles 68b rotatably supporting the shaft 7b;
68b, and the respective axles are parallel to each other, and the distance between the lower axle 68a and the upper axle 68b, which are adjacent positions on the left and right end sides, is taken as d, respectively, and the lower axles 68a, 68a Between the upper axles 68b, 68b, and between the upper axles 68b, respectively, so that e = 2d. The relational dimensions of the above-described parts are not strict but substantial relations, and some differences are allowed. The housing 66 is
The housing 6 except for a pair of front and rear substantially rectangular plate-shaped support members 66a in which a pair of holes and two lower holes are formed.
The configuration is the same as described above. The center of the hole formed in the support member 66a is formed in a parallelogram indicated by a chain line including a line connecting the upper two lines and a line connecting the lower two lines. The distance h between the line connecting the two pieces and the line connecting the two pieces below can be reduced, and as a result, the lower rail 64
Also, the interval between the upper rails 65 is narrow, and the height of the seismic isolation device 60 is reduced. The front and rear ends of the lower axle 68a, 68a and the upper axle 68b, 68b are fitted and fixed to four holes formed in the support member 66a, respectively, and the axis of each wheel 67 and the axle 68 is a vertex of a parallelogram. It is arranged in the department. Each wheel 6
7 and axle 68, each axle 68 and housing 66
And the connecting member between the pair of front and rear support members 66a can be selected similarly to the seismic isolation device 1. Referring to FIG. 12 (b), the lower wheels 67a, 67a of the wheels 67 along the lower rails 64 while rotating around the lower axles 68a, 68a fixed to the supporting members 66a, 66a. Wheels 67b, 67b are supporting members 66a,
While rotating around upper axles 68b, 68b fixed to 66a, they are independently rollable along the upper rail 65.

Next, the structure of a seismic isolation device 61 as a modification of the sixth example seismic isolation device 60 will be described with reference to FIG. The same components as those of the seismic isolation device 60 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description is omitted. The seismic isolation device 61 is mounted between the support 2 and the supported member 3, and includes a lower rail 62, an upper rail 63, wheels 67, an axle 68, and a housing 69. The lower rail 62 has an overall length L ₀ in the left and right directions, and is formed, for example, in an arcuate surface as a concave shape in which the lowest portion gradually increases toward both ends at a middle position w which is ｆf to the left from the center to the left. formed in the reference state at the time of earthquake inoperative at the left and right total length L _0, for example arc surface as a concave shape gradually decreases toward the both ends in the highest part 1 / 2f to the right of the center portion nearer the central position z The upper rail 63 is disposed above the lower rail 62 with the arc surfaces facing each other. Therefore, the left-right horizontal direction shift between the middle positions w and z is f. Here, as compared with the normal seismic isolation device 60, L ₀ > L and f ≧ d. The wheel 67 and the axle 68 are parallel to each other, and the center axis distance in the left-right horizontal direction is f between the lower axle 68a and the upper axle 68b at the adjacent positions on the left and right end sides, and the lower axle 68a, 68a and upper axle 68
b and 68b are respectively set to g, and the normal seismic isolation device 60
Except for the relation of f ≧ d and g> e as compared with, the seismic isolation device 60 is the same as that described above. The relational dimensions of the above-described parts are not strict but substantial relations, and some differences are allowed. The housing 69 is composed of a pair of front and rear substantially rectangular plate-shaped support members 69a in which two upper holes and two lower holes are formed in parallel, and the center of the holes formed in the support material 69a is upper. The line connecting the two and the line connecting the lower two are arranged in parallel and formed into a parallelogram shown by a dashed line including these lines. Usually, the line connecting the upper two and the line connecting the lower two The interval i can be made the same as the interval h, but smaller.
As a result, the interval between the lower rail 62 and the upper rail 63 is narrow, and the height of the seismic isolation device 61 is reduced. The front and rear ends of the lower axle 68a, 68a and the upper axle 68b, 68b are fitted and fixed to four holes formed in the support member 69a, respectively, and the axis of each wheel 67 and the axle 68 is a vertex of a parallelogram. It is arranged in the department. Here, when comparing the seismic isolation device 61 with the seismic isolation device 60, the interval i can be similarly small, so that the interval between the lower rail 62 and the upper rail 63 is narrow and the height of the seismic isolation device 61 is low, but the length of each rail and support The left and right width of the member 69a increases. Although not shown in the drawing, the wheel 6
7, the lower wheels 67a, 67a are supporting members 69a, 69
The upper wheels 67b, 67b pivot along the lower rail 62 while rotating about the lower axles 68a, 68a fixed to the upper axles 68b, 68 fixed to the supports 69a, 69a.
Each of them is independently rollable along the upper rail 63 while rotating about b.

Referring to FIG. 13A, the structure of a seismic isolation device 70 according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described. The seismic isolation device 70 is mounted between the support body 2 and the supported body 3, and
4, an upper rail 75, wheels 77, an axle 78, and a housing 76. Wheel 77, upper and lower each two total 4
A pair of left and right lower wheels 77a, 77a engaged with the lower rail 74 and a pair of left and right upper wheels 77b, 77b engaged with the upper rail 75 are provided. The lower rail 74 is fixed on the support 2 with a total length L on the left and right sides, and is formed, for example, in an arcuate shape as a concave shape in which the central portion is the lowest portion and gradually increases toward both ends.
Is fixed below the supported body 3 with a total length L ′ on the left and right sides shorter than the total length L of the lower rail 74, and has a central portion that is the highest portion and has a concave shape that gradually decreases toward both ends, such as an arcuate surface. The upper rail 75 is formed above the lower rail 74.
Are arranged with the arc surfaces facing each other. The axle 78 is
Lower and upper wheels 77a and 77a
A pair of left and right lower axles 78a, 78 rotatably supporting the
a, and a pair of left and right upper axles 78b, 78b rotatably supporting the upper wheels 77b, 77b, and the respective axles are parallel to each other. The housing 76 has the same configuration as the housing 6 except for a pair of front and rear substantially trapezoidal plate-shaped support members 76a in which two upper holes and two lower holes are formed. The center of the hole formed in the support material 76a is parallel to the line connecting the upper two and the line connecting the lower two, and is formed in a trapezoidal shape including these lines and indicated by a dashed line.
The distance j between the line connecting the lower rails and the line connecting the lower two lines can be small, so that the lower rail 74 and the upper rail 7
5, the height of the seismic isolation device 70 decreases. The lower axles 78a, 78a are formed in four holes formed in the support member 76a.
The front and rear ends of the upper axles 78b and 78b are fitted and fixed, respectively, and the axes of the wheels 77 and the axle 78 are disposed at the apexes of the trapezoid. Here, the shape of the support member 76a is not necessarily limited to a trapezoid, and may be any shape as long as the four axles 78 can be fixed. The bearing between each wheel 77 and the axle 78, the fixing member between each axle 78 and the housing 76, the connecting member between the pair of front and rear support members 76a, and the like can be selected similarly to the seismic isolation device 1. With reference to FIG. 13B, the lower wheels 77a, 77a of the wheels 77 along the lower rails 74 while rotating around the lower axles 78a, 78a fixed to the supporting members 76a, 76a. Wheel 77
The b and 77b are independently rotatable along the upper rail 75 while rotating around the upper axles 78b and 78b fixed to the supporting members 76a and 76a. here,
The total length L 'can be made shorter than L by the difference between the center distances between the lower axles 78a, 78a and between the upper axles 78b, 78b, but may be the same. Further, the wheel arrangement shown in FIG. 13 may be turned upside down, and the trapezoid formed by the axis of the axle 78 may be turned upside down. In this case, the lower rail 74 can be shorter than the upper rail 75.

In the above-described first to seventh examples of the seismic isolation device of the present invention, each axle is fixed to each wheel, and each axle is provided with an opening in a housing so as to be rotatably fitted and supported. The support may be provided via a separate fixed bearing. Further, the lower rail and the upper rail are disposed with the arc surfaces facing each other, but the upper rail is not necessarily located directly above the lower rail, and deviation is allowed if the balance is maintained in the facing direction. Also, except for the second, sixth and seventh examples, the axles of the wheels and the axles are shown at the apexes of the rectangles and are symmetrical in the vertical and horizontal directions. Second, sixth and seventh
They may be arranged at the vertices of a triangle, parallelogram or trapezoid shown in the examples. In this case, although the vertical distance between the lower rail and the upper rail is small and the height of the seismic isolation device is low, the length and shape of the rail are different. Also, the first
In each of the seventh to seventh examples, the axis of each wheel and axle need not be strictly disposed at the apex of any one of a triangle, a square, a parallelogram, or a trapezoid. Should be fine. Furthermore, as long as the posture of the supported body is not distorted, any one of the triangle, the square, the parallelogram, or the shape obtained by deforming the trapezoid may be selected.

Next, referring to FIG. 2, the seismic isolation device 1 of the first example will be described.
The operation of will be described. When the earthquake does not operate, the lower wheels 7a of the seismic isolation device 1 are connected to the lower rail 4 as shown in FIG.
The upper wheels 7b, 7b are respectively equidistant from the center of the upper rail 5 to the left and right from the concave highest part, at the center of the upper part.
The support 3 is stationary above the support 2 in a stable state at the lowest reference position. When an earthquake motion in the left-right direction X occurs, the lower wheels 7a, 7a roll on the concave surface of the lower rail 4 at the time of intermediate displacement, as shown in FIG. 2 (b), and at the same time, the upper wheels 7b, 7b As shown in FIG. 2 (c), the roller 3 rolls on the concave surface and generates a relative displacement as shown in FIG. 2 (c). As a result, the supported member 3 receives a restoring force corresponding to the displacement from the lowest level position, and vibrates. Again, since the load of the supported member 3 does not directly reach the support member 2 and passes between each wheel and the axle, the friction effectively acts as a damping force, and the seismic isolation function works. Here, the one stroke P of the maximum horizontal movement distance from the lowest portion which is the center of the concave surface is the concave longitudinal length L of the lower rail 4 and the distance between the lower axle 8a and the upper axle 8b. There is an approximate relationship of P = L-Q between Q and Q. The seismic isolation device 1 can be used alone to obtain a seismic isolation function in one direction, for example, in the left-right direction X. However, as shown in FIG. 4, the seismic isolation device 1 is set so that the rolling directions of the wheels are perpendicular to each other. 2 steps on the support 2
As a unit, seismic isolation action can be obtained in two directions at right angles in the left-right direction X or the front-rear direction Y.
When the seismic motion including the two orthogonal components is generated in a combined manner, the supported body 3 swings to the combined position corresponding to the seismic motion in each direction to perform the seismic isolation operation. In addition, in the same manner as described with reference to FIG.
In order to stably cope with P, if the seismic isolation device 1 is arranged in a pair on the left and right, the total length becomes 2L = 2P + 2Q, and Q is a sufficiently small value with respect to L. The value is very close to that of the small roller type, so that a special damping device is not required, the structure is simple, and the device can be downsized. For example, in the case of the Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake,
The total stroke 2P is about 500mm, and the total length 2L of the pair of left and right seismic isolation devices 1 is about 500mm + 2Q, one full length L
Should be about 250 mm + Q. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, by arranging four units at the four corners of the supported member 3, the supported member 3 having a heavier load, including two orthogonal components, is provided.
It is also possible to obtain a seismic isolation function for. Supported 3
By arranging more or less units according to the weight and shape of the device, it can be widely applied as a seismic isolation device from low load to heavy load.

The operation force balance of the seismic isolation device 1 described with reference to FIG. 2 will be described with reference to FIG. 5 in comparison with a conventional roller type seismic isolation device. First, in the conventional roller-type seismic isolation device 100 in the standard state, when a ground motion in the left-right direction X occurs, the roller 101 and the rail 104, 1
During the intermediate displacement shown in FIG. 5 (c), the roller 101 is in a reference state and is sandwiched between the lower rail 104 and the upper rail 105 by a portion narrowing leftward. A portion of the roller 101 in contact with the upper rail 105 exerts a torque in the counterclockwise direction a, whereas a portion of the roller 101 in contact with the lower rail 104 has a clockwise direction b.
Since the torque acts in the direction a, the directions a and b cancel each other, so that a restoring force in the direction opposite to the operation direction X of the seismic motion hardly acts, and it is difficult to expect a smooth seismic isolation operation. On the other hand, FIG.
In the seismic isolation device 1 shown in (b), when a seismic motion in the left-right direction X occurs, the lower wheels 7a, 7a and the upper wheels 7b, 7b in the reference state shown in FIG. At the time of the intermediate displacement shown in FIG. 5A along the upper rail 5 and at this time, a torque acts in the clockwise direction b on the portion where the left lower wheel 7a and the lower rail 4 are in contact, and the left upper wheel 7b and the upper Torque acts in the counterclockwise direction a on the portion in contact with the rail 5, but the left lower wheel 7
a and the left upper wheel 7b can rotate independently of each other around the axles 8a and 8b supported by the support members 6a, respectively, so that a restoring force F in the direction opposite to the operation direction X of the seismic motion acts. It acts to return to the reference state shown in FIG. At this time, the right lower wheel 7a and the right upper wheel 7b are slightly separated from the lower rail 4 and the upper rail 5, respectively, and can be independently rotated, so that the restoration is not hindered.

Referring to FIG. 6, the operation of the seismic isolation device 10 of the second example will be described. When the earthquake is not operating, as shown in FIG. 6A, the lower wheels 17a, 17a of the seismic isolation device 10 are respectively equidistant from the center of the lower rail 4 to the left and right from the lowest concave position, and the upper wheel 17b is located at the upper part. At the center of the rail 5 at the concave highest position, the supported body 3 is stationary above the support 2 in a stable state at the lowest level reference state position. When an earthquake motion in the left-right direction X occurs, the lower wheels 17a, 17a roll on the concave surface of the lower rail 4,
At the same time, the upper wheel 17b rolls on the concave surface of the upper rail 5 and causes relative displacement until the maximum displacement as shown in FIG. 6 (b). As a result, the supported body 3 moves from the lowest level position. Vibration is repeated by receiving a restoring force according to the displacement, but the friction between each wheel and the axle effectively acts as a damping force and a seismic isolation function works as in the first example. The seismic isolation device 10 is the same as that of the first example. The device is much smaller than the wheel type, and can cope with the entire stroke of the seismic motion which is assumed to be extremely close to the roller type. In addition, the size of the device can be reduced.

7 and 8, a third example of the seismic isolation device 20 will be described.
The operation of will be described. Although the seismic isolation device 20 can be used as a single unit, in FIG.
A description will be given of an example in which the wheel rolling directions of the rails of the pair of units are vertically stacked in two stages in a direction perpendicular to each other and four units are used. When the earthquake is not activated, the lower wheels 27a, 27a are respectively equidistant from the lowest concave portion at the center of the lower rail 24 to the left and right, and the upper wheels 27b, 27b are highest concave at the center of the upper rail 25. , And the supported body 3 is stationary above the support body 2 in a stable state at the lowest level reference state position. When an earthquake motion in the left-right direction X occurs, the lower wheels 27a, 27a of the lower unit roll on the concave surface of the lower rail 24, and at the same time, the upper wheels 27b, 27b
And the relative displacement is generated until the maximum displacement occurs. As a result, the supported member 3 receives the restoring force corresponding to the displacement from the lowest level position and repeats the vibration, while the seismic motion in the longitudinal direction Y Occurs, the lower wheels 27 of the upper unit
a, 27a and upper wheels 27b, 27b
4 and the concave surfaces of the upper rail 25 are rolled to produce relative displacements up to the maximum displacement. As a result, the supported member 3 receives a restoring force corresponding to the displacement from the lowest level position and repeatedly vibrates. Since the load of the support 3 does not directly reach the support 2 but passes between each wheel and the axle, the friction between each wheel and the axle works effectively as a damping force, and the seismic isolation function works. Also left and right direction X
When the ground motion including two orthogonal components in the longitudinal direction Y is generated in a combined manner, the supported body 3 swings to the combined position corresponding to the ground motion in each direction, and the seismic isolation action is performed. work. Here, the seismic isolation device 20 includes a lower wheel 27a,
27a is along the rolling surface 24c, and the upper wheels 27b, 27b
Are along the rolling surface 25c, the rolling surface 24c and the rolling surface 25c.
Can be independently rolled in an opening having a substantially constant width in a vertically constrained state, so that the device can be downsized in the same manner as in the first example, and in addition, separation against vertical acceleration can be achieved. Has the effect of blocking.

9 and 10, a fourth example of the seismic isolation device 3
The operation of 0 will be described. Although the seismic isolation device 30 can be used as a single unit, in FIG. 9, a pair of units are vertically stacked on the support 2 so that the rolling directions of the wheels of the rails are perpendicular to each other. An example will be described in which a cross is arranged below the supported member 3 in a cross shape. When the earthquake is not operating, the lower wheels 37a, 37a are respectively equidistant from the center of the lower rail 34 to the left and right from the concave lowest part position, and the upper wheels 37b, 37b are the center of the upper rail 35 concave to the highest part. From the supported body 3
Is stationary above the support 2 in a stable state at the lowest reference position. When an earthquake motion in the left-right direction X occurs, the lower wheels 37a, 37a of the lower unit roll on the concave surface of the lower rail 34, and at the same time, the upper wheels 37b,
37b rolls on the concave surface of the upper rail 35 to cause relative displacement until the maximum displacement, so that the supported member 3
Receives the restoring force according to the displacement from the lowest level position and repeats the vibration. On the other hand, when the seismic motion in the front-rear direction Y occurs, the lower wheels 37a, 37a and the upper wheels 37
b and 37b roll on the concave surfaces of the lower rail 34 and the upper rail 35 to cause relative displacement until the maximum displacement, and the supported member 3 responds to the displacement from the lowest level position like the lower unit. Receiving the restoring force, the vibration is repeated, and the load of the supported body 3 does not directly reach the support body 2 but passes between each wheel and the axle, so that the friction between each wheel and the axle works effectively as a damping force, and the seismic isolation function is provided. Works. When the ground motion including two orthogonal components in the right and left direction X and the front and rear direction Y is generated in a combined manner, the supported body 3 swings to the combined position corresponding to the ground motion in each direction. Seismic isolation works. Here, the seismic isolation device 30 uses a plurality of n lower wheels 37a, 37a and upper wheels 37b, 37b in series, and is suitable for the supported member 3 under heavy load, and also secures a damping force due to friction between each wheel and the axle. it can. Further, the lower axles 38a, 38
a and n-1 reinforcing members 31 on the upper wheels 38b, 38b.
It is possible to reinforce each axle and to eliminate excessive stress by using. Also, if each wheel, bearing and reinforcing material are prepared in advance as parts with the same specifications, it is possible to flexibly cope with various load-bearing by appropriately selecting the number corresponding to the load-bearing and cost reduction. I can measure.

Referring to FIG. 11, the operation of the seismic isolation device 40 of the fifth example will be described. In the seismic isolation device 40, the wheel 47, the axle 48, and the reinforcing member 41 among the components are the wheels 3 of the fourth example.
7, the axle 38, and the reinforcing member 31, and operate in the same manner as the seismic isolation device 30 in response to the seismic motion. Therefore, detailed description is omitted, but further, the cam portion 50, the lower guide surface 44b, and the upper guide surface 45b The cam follower 50c of the cam portion 50 can smoothly roll along the lower guide surface 44b and the upper guide surface 45b under vertical restraint in conjunction with the rolling of each wheel due to the occurrence of the seismic motion. As a result, the seismic isolation device 40
Has the effect of preventing separation in the vertical acceleration in addition to being suitable for heavy loads as in the fourth example, and has a vertically-movable or a tall supported member such as a tower or high-rise It is suitable for seismic isolation of buildings.

The operation of the seismic isolation device 60 of the sixth example will be described with reference to FIGS. Figure 12 when the earthquake is not operating
As shown in (a), lower wheels 67a, 6 of seismic isolation device 60
Reference numeral 7a denotes a left and right 1 / 2e, that is, a position d from the middle position u of the lowest concave portion of the lower rail 64, and the upper wheels 67b and 67b respectively move left and right 1 / left from a middle position v of the highest concave portion of the upper rail 65. At the position 2e or d, the supported member 3 is stationary above the support member 2 in a stable state at the lowest reference position. When a seismic motion in the left-right direction X occurs, the lower wheels 67a, 67
a rolls on the concave surface of the lower rail 64, and at the same time, the upper wheels 67b, 67b roll on the concave surface of the upper rail 65, and further, the relative displacement until the maximum displacement as shown in FIG. As a result, the supported member 3 repeats the vibration by receiving the restoring force corresponding to the displacement from the reference state position, but the friction between each wheel and the axle effectively acts as a damping force as in the first example, and the supported member 3 is not driven. Earthquake works. The seismic isolation device 60 includes
As with the five examples, it is possible to cope with the entire stroke of the seismic motion assumed with a size closer to the roller type than the wheel type. However, the size of the housing 66 is smaller than that of the first to fifth examples (excluding the second example). However, the width h is large, but the distance h is small, so that the vertical width can be small. This is effective when it is necessary to reduce the height of the seismic isolation device. And the upper rail 65 can be shared, thereby reducing costs. Further, the operation of the seismic isolation device 61 of the modified example of the sixth example is the same as the operation of the seismic isolation device 60. When the earthquake is not activated, the lower wheels 67a, 67a of the seismic isolation device 61 are connected as shown in FIG. The upper wheels 67b, 67b are located on the upper rail 63 at positions ｇg left and right from the middle position w of the lowest concave portion of the lower rail 62, respectively.
左右 from the middle position z of the highest concave part
At the position g, the supported member 3 is stationary above the support member 2 in a stable state at the lowest reference position. When an earthquake motion in the left-right direction X occurs, although not shown, the lower wheels 67a, 67a roll on the concave surface of the lower rail 62, and at the same time, the upper wheels 67b, 67b
Rolls on the concave surface of the base member, and causes relative displacement until the maximum displacement. As a result, the supported member 3 receives a restoring force corresponding to the displacement from the reference state position and repeats the vibration, and the seismic isolation device 6
As in the case of 0, the friction between each wheel and the axle effectively acts as a damping force, and a seismic isolation function works. Similarly to the seismic isolation device 60, the seismic isolation device 61 can cope with the entire stroke of the seismic motion assumed to have a size closer to the roller type than the wheel type. Since the size of the housing 69 is small, the vertical width can be small because the interval i is small, and this is effective when it is necessary to reduce the height of the seismic isolation device. However, the disadvantage is that the overall length of the rail and the lateral width of the support material are increased. However, the balance of the entire device is stable, and it is suitable for use alone or with a reduced number depending on the load resistance.

The operation of the seventh example of the seismic isolation device 70 will be described with reference to FIG. When the earthquake is not activated, as shown in FIG. 13 (a), the lower wheels 77a, 77a of the seismic isolation device 70 are respectively located at the same distance from the lowermost position of the concave portion of the lower rail 74, and the upper wheels 77b, 77b Upper rail 7
5, the supported body 3 is stationary above the support body 2 in a stable state at the lowest level reference state position at the left and right equidistant positions from the concave highest part position. X direction
, The lower wheels 67a, 67a roll on the concave surface of the lower rail 64, and at the same time, the upper wheels 77b,
77b rolls on the concave surface of the upper rail 75.
3 (b), a relative displacement occurs until the maximum displacement as shown in FIG. 3 (b). As a result, the supported body 3 receives a restoring force corresponding to the displacement from the reference state position and repeats the vibration. Similarly, the friction between each wheel and the axle effectively acts as a damping force, and a seismic isolation function works. The seismic isolation device 70 can cope with the entire stroke of the seismic motion assumed in a size closer to the roller type than the wheel type as in the first to fifth examples, but the size of the housing 76 is the first to fifth examples. The width j is small and the vertical width can be small, although the horizontal width is large as compared with (excluding the second example). This is effective when it is necessary to reduce the height of the seismic isolation device. This is effective when it is necessary to make the overall length L ′ of the upper rail 65 shorter than the overall length L.

[0028]

According to the seismic isolation device of the present invention, the structure is simple because the damping force of the wheel type is effectively used and no special damping device is required, and the size of the device is significantly smaller than that of the conventional wheel type. Since the size can be reduced by approximating the roller type, the size of the device can be reduced, and the device can be applied to a wide range of load resistance from a low load to a heavy load. Further, separation of the vertical acceleration can be prevented by an additional configuration such as an opening or a cam portion of the rolling surface. Furthermore, by arranging a plurality of wheels in series, it can be applied to a heavy-load supported body, and by appropriately selecting the number thereof, it is possible to flexibly cope with various load-bearing and reduce costs.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a part of a first example of a seismic isolation device of the present invention, in which (a) C
It is a front view as viewed in the direction C, (b) a front view, (c) a cross-sectional side view at AA, and (d) a cross-sectional side view at BB.

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view showing the operation of the seismic isolation device of FIG. 1,
(A) at reference state, (b) at intermediate displacement, (c) at maximum displacement.

3A is a schematic plan view of a conventional roller type seismic isolation device in a reference state, FIG. 3B is a schematic front view of FIG. 3A, and FIG.

4A is a schematic plan view of the first example of the seismic isolation device of FIG. 1 in a reference state, FIG. 4B is a schematic front view of FIG.
(C) It is a schematic front view at the time of maximum displacement.

5 (a) is a schematic front view showing the behavior of the wheel portion of the seismic isolation device of FIG. 1 at an intermediate displacement, FIG. 5 (b) is a schematic front view at a reference state of (a), and (c) a conventional roller type It is a schematic front view at the time of intermediate displacement which shows the behavior of the roller part of the seismic isolation device.

FIG. 6 is a schematic front view showing a second example of the seismic isolation device of the present invention, in which (a) is in a reference state and (b) is in a maximum displacement state.

FIG. 7 is a third example of the seismic isolation device of the present invention, (a) a plan view,
(B) It is a front view.

8 is a partial enlarged view of the seismic isolation device of FIG.

FIG. 9 is a fourth example of the seismic isolation device of the present invention, (a) a plan view,
(B) It is a front view.

10 is an enlarged view of a wheel portion of the seismic isolation device of FIG. 9, (a) front view, (b) FF cross-sectional front view, (c) plan view, (d)
It is a GG sectional plan view.

FIG. 11 shows a fifth example of the seismic isolation device of the present invention, in which the lower half is shown in a front view and the upper half is shown in a central longitudinal sectional view.

12 is a schematic front view showing a sixth example of the seismic isolation device of the present invention, wherein (a) is in a reference state, (b) is at a maximum displacement, and (c) is in a reference state of a modified example.

13 is a schematic front view showing a seventh example of the seismic isolation device of the present invention, in which (a) is in a reference state and (b) is in a maximum displacement state.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 61, 70 Seismic isolation device 2 Support 3 Supported object 4, 24, 34, 44, 62, 64, 74 Lower rail 5, 25, 35, 45, 63, 65, 75 Upper rail 6, 16, 26, 36, 46, 66, 69, 76 Housing 6a, 16a, 26a, 36a, 46a, 66a, 69
a, 76a Support materials 6b, 36b, 46b Connecting materials 7, 17, 27, 37, 47, 67, 77 Wheels 7a, 17a, 27a, 37a, 47a, 67a, 77
a Lower wheel 7b, 17b, 27b, 37b, 47b, 67b, 77
b Upper wheel 7c, 7d, 27c, 27d Flange 8, 18, 28, 38, 48, 68, 78 Axle 8a, 18a, 28a, 38a, 48a, 68a, 78
a Lower axle 8b, 18b, 28b, 38b, 48b, 68b, 78
b Upper axle 8c, 18d, 38c, 38d Snap ring 9, 29, 39, 50d Bearing 22 Intermediate material 24a, 25a Base 24b, 25b Rail 24c, 25c Rolling surface 31, 41 Reinforcement 33 Seat plate 36c, 46c, 50b fastener 44a lower rail surfaces 45a upper rail surface 44b lower guide surfaces 45b upper guide surface 50 the cam portion 50a shaft 50c cam follower L, L _0, L 'full length P, S pieces stroke d, e, f, g distance h, i , J, T interval t width u, v, w, z middle position T interval X left and right Y front and back

Claims (12)

[Claims] A concave lower rail fixedly mounted on the support and having a central portion forming a minimum portion; a lower wheel engaged with the lower rail; A lower axle that rotatably supports the lower wheel directly or via a bearing, and a concave affixed to the supported body, the central portion of which has a maximum portion and is disposed in a facing direction above the lower rail. An upper rail, an upper wheel engaged with the upper rail, an upper axle rotatably supporting the upper wheel directly or via a bearing, and being parallel to the lower axle; and securing the lower axle and the upper axle to each other. And a housing having a supporting member, wherein each of the wheels rolls along each of the rails while being independently rotated around each axle by seismic motion, so that the supported member can be seismically isolated. And seismic isolation device. 2. The combination according to claim 1, wherein one of a combination of a lower wheel and a lower axle and a combination of an upper wheel and an upper axle is a pair, and the other combination is one or a pair. The seismic isolation device described. 3. The seismic isolation device according to claim 2, wherein the axis of each wheel and axle is disposed at a vertex of substantially any one of a triangle, a square, and a trapezoid. 4. The center of each wheel and axle is disposed substantially at the apex of a parallelogram, and in the reference state when seismic motion is not activated, the lowest position of the lower rail middle portion and the upper rail middle portion viewed horizontally. 3. The seismic isolation device according to claim 2, wherein the maximum part position has substantially the same offset as the distance between the axes of the lower wheel and the upper wheel adjacent to both end sides. 5. The seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein a pair of plate members is used as the support member. 6. The seismic isolation device according to claim 5, wherein a bar-shaped connecting member is fixed at a position straddling a pair of supporting members and avoiding each wheel. 7. A lower rail fixedly mounted on a support and extending longitudinally, a lower rail vertically erected on the lower base and extending longitudinally, and a lower central portion of the lower rail. And having a lower rolling surface in which an opening having a substantially constant width gradually rising toward both ends is provided, and an upper rail is fixedly provided below the supported body and extends in a longitudinal direction,
A vertically extending upper rail portion is provided in the upper base portion and a substantially constant width opening is formed in the upper rail portion, the central portion being the highest portion and gradually decreasing toward both ends. And the upper and lower rolling surfaces are disposed so as to face each other in a symmetrical position, and each wheel can roll under restraint at the opening along each of the rolling surfaces by seismic motion. The seismic isolation device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein 8. The seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of lower wheels and upper wheels are arranged in series between the support members at intervals. . 9. The seismic isolation device according to claim 8, wherein the reinforcement has a width slightly smaller than the distance between adjacent wheels fitted between the adjacent lower wheel and upper wheel through the lower axle and the upper axle. A seismic isolation device characterized by the installation of materials. 10. The seismic isolation device according to claim 8, wherein a lower guide surface engraved on both lower ends of the lower rail in parallel with the rail surface, and both upper ends of the upper rail on the rail surface. An upper guide surface engraved in parallel with the rail surface, a housing having a vertically extending support member, and a rotatable inner end of a shaft fixed to upper and lower ends of the support member. A seismic isolation device comprising: a roller-like cam follower, wherein the cam follower is capable of rolling along the lower guide surface and the upper guide surface in conjunction with the rolling of each wheel due to seismic motion. 11. The seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein each axle is fixed to each wheel, and each axle is rotatably supported at an opening of the housing directly or via a bearing. A seismic isolation device characterized by the following. 12. A seismic isolation device according to claim 1, wherein at least one pair of the seismic isolation devices is stacked and fixed on a support body such that the rolling directions of the wheels of the lower rail and the upper rail are perpendicular to each other. A seismic isolation device wherein each wheel is rolled along each rail while being rotated around each axle by seismic motion including orthogonal two-way components, so that the supported member can be isolated.