JP2000065438A - Ammonia absorption type refrigerating machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an ammonia absorption type refrigerating machine which achieves reduction in production cost by eliminating a recirculation system of an ammonia solution. SOLUTION: A heat exchanger tube 12 for partial condensation is arranged within a top part of a rectifying device 2 while an inlet part of the heat exchanger tube 12 for partial condensation is connected to an outlet part of a heat exchanger tube 13 for cooling provided on a condenser 4 with a cooling water introduction pipe 14, which 14 is connected to a cooling water guide out pipe 15 connected to the outlet part of the heat exchanger tube 12 for partial condensation to provide a bypass pipe 16 to bypass the heat exchanger tube 12 for partial condensation. The bypass pipe 16 is provided with a flow control valve 17 while the flow control valve 16 is controlled by a temperature detector 18 which is provided on an ammonia vapor transfer pipe 11 for transferring an ammonia vapor from the rectifying device 2 to the condenser 4.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an ammonia absorption refrigerator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, an ammonia absorption refrigerator has mainly been obtained by an evaporator for evaporating an ammonia solution, an absorber for absorbing ammonia vapor evaporated by the evaporator into an aqueous ammonia solution, and this absorber. The regenerator includes a regenerator that guides and heats the concentrated aqueous ammonia solution, a rectifier that increases the purity (concentration) of ammonia, and a condenser that guides and condenses the ammonia vapor from the regenerator.

[0003] In the above configuration, the ammonia liquid in the evaporator is evaporated by the operation of the refrigeration cycle, the brine is cooled by this evaporation, and a cold heat source is obtained. The ammonia liquid is refluxed to the rectifier in order to increase the purity of the ammonia.

[0004] That is, as shown in FIG.
The ammonia vapor that has exited the rectifier 52 in the above is transferred to a condenser 54 via an ammonia vapor transfer pipe 53, where it is condensed into ammonia liquid.

[0005] A part of the condensed ammonia liquid is passed through a reflux pipe 57 provided with a flow control valve 55 and a reflux pump 56 on the way, and a liquid dispersing device disposed in the top of the rectifier 52. 58, that is, refluxed.

The flow rate control valve 55 provided on the reflux pipe 57 is controlled by a temperature detector 61 provided on the ammonia vapor transfer pipe 53. This is because ammonia vapor temperature and ammonia purity are linked,
The lower the temperature, the better the purity. Using this characteristic,
The amount of reflux is controlled by the flow control valve 55 so as to obtain a predetermined purity of the ammonia vapor.

[0007]

According to the above-mentioned conventional construction, the ammonia liquid from the condenser 54 is returned to the rectifier 52 through the reflux pipe 57. A flow control valve 55 and a reflux pump 56 are required, and a liquid dispersing device 58 for uniformly dispersing the ammonia liquid is provided in the top of the rectifier 52 in order to increase the mass transfer efficiency in the rectifier 52. However, there is a problem that the manufacturing cost is high.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an ammonia absorption refrigerator that eliminates the ammonia liquid reflux system and can reduce the production cost.

[0009]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an ammonia absorption refrigerator of the present invention comprises an evaporator for evaporating an ammonia liquid, and an ammonia vapor evaporated by the evaporator being absorbed by an aqueous ammonia solution. Comprising a regenerating unit and a rectifying unit that guides and heats the concentrated aqueous ammonia solution obtained by the absorbing unit, and a condenser that guides and condenses the ammonia vapor from the regenerating unit. In the absorption refrigerator, a heat transfer tube for reduction is arranged in the top of the rectifier, and the inlet of the heat transfer tube for reduction and the outlet of the heat transfer tube for cooling provided in the condenser are connected to each other. A cooling water introduction pipe connected to the cooling water introduction pipe and a cooling water outlet pipe connected to an outlet of the condensation heat transfer pipe, thereby bypassing the condensation heat transfer pipe. A pipe is provided, and a flow control valve is provided in the bypass pipe, and the flow control valve is controlled by a temperature detector provided in an ammonia vapor transfer pipe that transfers ammonia vapor from the rectifier to the condenser. It was done.

According to each of the above-described structures, a heat transfer tube for condensing, into which cooling water from the condenser is introduced, is disposed at the top of the rectifier to generate an ammonia solution in the rectifier, A flow control valve is disposed on a bypass pipe that bypasses the heat transfer pipe, and the flow control valve is controlled based on the temperature of ammonia vapor flowing out of the rectifier. The same action as refluxing is obtained.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An ammonia absorption refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIG.

Since the gist of the present invention is to reduce the number of devices in a portion for returning the ammonia liquid condensed in the condenser to the rectifier in the regeneration section, the present embodiment will be described focusing on this portion. I do.

As shown in FIG. 1, the ammonia absorption refrigerator according to the present embodiment mainly comprises an evaporator (not shown) for evaporating an ammonia liquid and an ammonia vapor evaporated by the evaporator. An absorber (not shown) for absorbing the aqueous ammonia solution, a regenerator 3 comprising a regenerator 1 and a rectifier 2 for guiding and heating the concentrated aqueous ammonia solution obtained by the absorber, A condenser 4 for guiding and condensing the ammonia vapor through an ammonia vapor transfer pipe 11, and a heat transfer pipe 12 for condensation in the top of the rectifier 2.
And the condenser 4
In which cooling water is supplied.

That is, the upper inlet portion of the heat transfer tube 12 for reduction and the outlet portion of the heat transfer tube 13 disposed in the condenser 4 are connected by the cooling water introduction pipe 14, A cooling water outlet pipe 15 for discharging the cooling water is connected to a lower outlet of the heat pipe 12.

The cooling water inlet pipe 14 and the cooling water outlet pipe 15 are connected by a bypass pipe 16 that bypasses the heat transfer pipe 12 for contraction.
2 is provided with a flow control valve 17, and the flow control valve 17 is controlled by a temperature detector 18 provided in the ammonia vapor transfer pipe 11.

Further, the heat transfer tube 12 for shrinkage is uniformly spiraled in a radial direction in a top portion of the rectifier 2 over a predetermined height, or a plurality of annular pipes are concentric. The ammonia liquid cooled and condensed by the heat-condensing heat transfer tube 12 is evenly dropped into the rectifier 2 so that the mass transfer efficiency is improved.

In the above configuration, the cooling water, which has cooled the ammonia vapor in the cooling heat transfer tube 13 in the condenser 4, is supplied through the cooling water introduction tube 14 to the contraction heat transfer tube 12 in the rectifier 2.
Supplied to

For this reason, the ammonia vapor which has been heated and evaporated by the regenerator 2 and ascended is cooled by the heat exchanger tube 12 to form an ammonia liquid, which is uniformly dispersed in the rectifier 2 and falls. I do. That is, the same state as that in which the ammonia liquid was efficiently refluxed in the top of the rectifier 2 is obtained.

The amount of the generated ammonia liquid is controlled by a flow control valve 17 provided in the bypass pipe 16 so that the purity of the ammonia vapor coming out of the rectifier 2 becomes constant.

That is, when the purity of ammonia is low and the ammonia vapor temperature is higher than the set temperature (for example, about 53 ° C.), the flow control valve 17 is controlled based on the detected temperature (detection signal) from the temperature detector 18. Closed (or squeezed).

When the flow control valve 17 is closed, the amount of the cooling water flowing from the cooling water introducing pipe 14 to the heat transfer pipe 12 for condensing increases, so that the amount of the ammonia liquid condensed and falling in the rectifier 2 increases. Therefore, the ammonia vapor exiting from the rectifier 2 is reduced to a predetermined temperature, and its purity is increased.

Conversely, when the purity of the ammonia vapor in the ammonia vapor transfer pipe 11 increases and the vapor temperature decreases, the flow rate control valve 17 is controlled based on the detected temperature (detection signal) from the temperature detector 18. Be opened (or more open). That is, when the flow control valve 17 is opened, a part of the cooling water flowing in the cooling water introduction pipe 14
And the flow rate of the cooling water flowing to the heat transfer tube 12 for reduction is reduced. Therefore, the amount of ammonia liquid condensed and falling in the rectifier 2 is reduced, so that the temperature of the ammonia vapor coming out of the rectifier 2 becomes higher, and the purity thereof becomes lower.

The balance between the flow rate of the ammonia solution and the flow rate of the cooling water in the configuration described in the conventional example and the configuration of the present invention described above are substantially the same. For comparison,
FIGS. 1 and 2 show the temperature, flow rate, and the like of ammonia and cooling water flowing in each pipe.

As described above, the heat transfer tube for the condenser into which the cooling water for the condenser is introduced is arranged at the top of the rectifier to generate the ammonia liquid in the rectifier, and the heat transfer tube for the contraction is formed. Since a flow control valve was placed on the bypass pipe to bypass to control the temperature of ammonia vapor coming out of the rectifier,
Unlike the related art, it is not necessary to provide a reflux pipe, and therefore, it is possible to eliminate the need for an ammonia liquid reflux pump. In addition, the flow rate control valve may be changed from the one for ammonia liquid which is a dangerous substance to the one for cooling water. Therefore, the cost is reduced.

Further, in the heat transfer surface of the heat transfer tube for condensation, since the heat transfer surface condenses almost uniformly and drops into the rectifier, the mass transfer efficiency in the rectifier depends on the liquid dispersion device. It is good even without installation, so that the height in the enrichment section of the rectifier can be made lower than that of the conventional rectifier, which also leads to a reduction in manufacturing cost.

[0026]

As described above, according to the structure of the present invention, a heat transfer pipe for introducing cooling water for the condenser is arranged at the top of the rectifier to generate ammonia liquid in the rectifier. In addition, a flow control valve is arranged in a bypass pipe that bypasses the heat transfer tube for condensing to control the temperature of the ammonia vapor flowing out of the rectifier. Therefore, the reflux pump for the ammonia liquid can be omitted, and the flow rate control valve can be changed from the one for the dangerous liquid ammonia to the one for the cooling water, so that the cost can be reduced.

In the heat transfer surface of the heat transfer tube for condensation, the heat transfer surface is substantially uniformly condensed and falls into the rectifier, so that the mass transfer efficiency in the rectifier depends on the liquid dispersion device. It is good even without installation, so that the height in the enrichment section of the rectifier can be made lower than that of the conventional rectifier, which also leads to a reduction in manufacturing cost.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a main part of an ammonia absorption refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a main part of an ammonia absorption refrigerator in a conventional example.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Regenerator 2 Rectifier 3 Regeneration part 4 Condenser 11 Ammonia vapor transfer pipe 12 Condensation heat transfer pipe 13 Cooling heat transfer pipe 14 Cooling water introduction pipe 15 Cooling water outlet pipe 16 Bypass pipe 17 Flow control valve 18 Temperature detector

Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Takashi Onishi 4-1-2, Hirano-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Inside Osaka Gas Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Yukio Hiranaka 4-1-2, Hirano-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Osaka Gas Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Noboru Tsubakihara 4-1-2, Hirano-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Osaka Gas Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Katsuo Iwata 1-10 Fuso-cho, Amagasaki-shi, Hyogo Sumitomo Precision Industries (72) Inventor Masaharu Kodera 1-7-89 Minami Kohoku, Suminoe-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Within Hitachi Zosen Corporation (72) Inventor Mitsumi Matsuda 1- 7-89, Minami-Kohita, Suminoe-ku, Osaka, Osaka No. within Hitachi Zosen Corporation (72) Inventor: Yu Fujita 1-7-89, Minamikohoku, Suminoe-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka No.7 Within Hitachi Zosen Corporation (72) Inventor Takeshi Takeshi 1-7, Minamikohoku, Suminoe-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka No. 89 Hitachi Zosen Corporation F term (reference) 3L093 BB01 BB29 BB49 DD08 EE08 GG02 HH15 JJ02 KK05 LL0 Five

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An evaporator for evaporating an ammonia liquid, an absorber for absorbing the ammonia vapor evaporated by the evaporator into an aqueous ammonia solution, and a regenerator for guiding and heating the concentrated aqueous ammonia solution obtained by the absorber. And a regenerator comprising a rectifier, and a condenser for guiding and condensing the ammonia vapor from the regenerator, in the ammonia absorption refrigerator having a heat transfer tube for reduction in the top of the rectifier. And an ammonia absorption refrigerator having a configuration in which cooling water that has passed through the cooling heat transfer tube provided in the condenser is guided to the heat transfer tube for condensation. 2. An evaporator for evaporating an ammonia solution, an absorber for absorbing the ammonia vapor evaporated by the evaporator into an aqueous ammonia solution, and a regenerator for guiding and heating the concentrated aqueous ammonia solution obtained by the absorber. And a regenerator comprising a rectifier, and a condenser for guiding and condensing the ammonia vapor from the regenerator, in the ammonia absorption refrigerator having a heat transfer tube for reduction in the top of the rectifier. At the same time, the inlet of the heat transfer tube for condensation and the outlet of the heat transfer tube for cooling provided in the condenser are connected by a cooling water introduction tube, and the cooling water introduction tube and the outlet of the heat transfer tube for reduction are connected. A bypass pipe for connecting the cooling water outlet pipe connected to the section and bypassing the heat transfer pipe for condensation is provided, and a flow control valve is provided in the bypass pipe, and the flow control valve is provided with ammonia from the rectifier. steam Ammonia absorption chiller being characterized in that so as to control the temperature detector provided in the ammonia vapor transfer pipe for transferring to a condenser.