JP2000061349A - Non-magnetic metal sorting apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an eccentrically rotating drum-type non-magnetic metal sorting apparatus capable of heightening the sorting efficiency of conductive and non-magnetic metals and non-conductive and non-magnetic materials. SOLUTION: A conveyer belt 3 is turned between an outer drum 1 and pulleys 2, 2a, an inner drum 5 is eccentrically installed in the inside of the outer drum 1, the inner drum 5 is driven and rotated in the same direction as the rotary direction of the outer drum 1 at a higher angular speed than that of the outer drum 1, and N magnets and S magnets whose N pole and S pole are set respectively in the normal directions of the inner drum are reciprocally fixed in the circumferential direction of the outer face of the inner drum 5. In this non- magnetic metal-sorting apparatus constituted in such a manner, the axial core z of the inner drum 5 is so arranged as to be 0 deg.>θ>-45 deg., that is, between the radius of the outer drum 1 in the direction of a vertical line from the point just proceeding to the outer drum 1 to the conveyer belt 3 and the radius in the direction at 45 deg. reverse to the rotary direction of the outer drum 1 from the vertical line.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a non-magnetic metal sorting apparatus for separating and collecting conductive non-magnetic metal such as aluminum or copper from a treated material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Various types of non-magnetic metal sorting apparatus are known, and the most widely used method is an outer drum formed of a non-metal material and one or more pulleys. A conveyor belt is hung so as to rotate between the outer drum and an inner drum made of a magnetic material is rotatably arranged inside the outer drum. A rotating drum in which the inner drum is rotationally driven at a high angular velocity, and N magnets having N poles directed to the normal direction of the inner drum and S magnets having S poles fixed to the outer surface of the inner drum alternately in the circumferential direction. There is a type of non-magnetic metal sorter.

Further, Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-60985 discloses that
In this rotary drum type sorting device, an eccentric type configuration in which the axis of the inner drum is eccentrically arranged with respect to the axis of the outer drum is disclosed. That is, the publication discloses a non-magnetic metal sorting device in which the axis of the inner drum is eccentrically arranged in the range of 0 ° to + 90 ° with respect to the axis of the outer drum. However, here, the 0 ° direction refers to the direction of the normal line of the radius of the outer drum that is lowered onto the conveyor belt of the portion that enters the outer drum, and the positive direction refers to the rotation direction of the outer drum,
The negative direction means a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the outer drum.

[0004]

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-609
In the technique disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 85, the shaft center of the inner drum is eccentric in the range of 0 ° to + 90 ° in order to improve the selection efficiency between the conductive nonmagnetic metal and the nonconductive nonmagnetic material. However, according to the study of the present inventor, it was not always possible to achieve the intended improvement of the selection efficiency. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an eccentric rotary drum type non-magnetic metal sorting device capable of improving the sorting efficiency of conductive non-magnetic metal and non-conductive non-magnetic material.

[0005]

As a result of repeated studies for solving the above-mentioned problems, the present inventor has found that, even if the axial center of the inner drum is decentered from 0 ° in the positive direction as described above, It was not possible to improve the sorting efficiency, and conversely, by finding that the axial efficiency of the inner drum was eccentric from 0 ° in the negative direction, the sorting efficiency was improved, and the present invention was completed. I arrived. That is, in the present invention, the axis of the inner drum is 0 ° to −45.
The non-magnetic metal sorting device is characterized in that it is arranged so as to be located between the angles. At this time, the axis of the inner drum can be fixedly arranged within the above angle range, or can be arranged so as to be adjustable within the above angle range.

[0006]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 to 3 show a first embodiment of a non-magnetic metal sorting apparatus according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, an outer drum 1 formed of a non-metallic material, a drive pulley 2, and an auxiliary pulley 2a are rotatably installed in a box body 10. An endless conveyor belt 3 is rotatably wound around the outer drum 1, the drive pulley 2, and the auxiliary pulley 2a. The drive pulley 2 is a chain 4a.
It is rotationally driven by the conveyor belt drive motor 4 via the, and therefore the outer drum 1 rotates clockwise in FIG.

A portion of the conveyor belt 3 extending from the drive pulley 2 to the outer drum 1 is arranged so as to be substantially horizontal. In the box body 10 above the portion on the drive pulley 2 side of the transport belt 3 in the horizontal portion, an input port 11 for inputting the object 30 to be processed is formed. Thus the inlet 1
The processing object 30 loaded from 1 falls on the conveyor belt 3 and is conveyed toward the outer drum 1. While the conveyor belt 3 rotates around the outer drum 1, it falls on the bottom of the box 10. To do. Two partition plates 12 and 13 are erected on this falling portion. The two partition plates make a first area 14 close to the conveyor belt and a second area 15 between the two partition boards.
And a third region 16 far from the conveyor belt. The partition plates 12 and 13 are formed so that their angles can be adjusted.

On the other hand, inside the outer drum 1, an inner drum 5 made of a magnetic material is eccentrically arranged so as to be rotatable. The inner drum 5 is rotationally driven by an inner drum drive motor 6 via a V belt 6a. The rotation direction of the inner drum 5 is the same as that of the outer drum, that is, the inner drum 5 is driven to rotate clockwise in FIG. The angular velocity of the inner drum 5 is significantly higher than that of the outer drum 1.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the outer drum 1 and the inner drum 5 in the axial direction. Side plates 1a and 1a are fixed to both axial ends of the outer drum 1, and outer rotation shafts 1b and 1b are fixed to the side plates 1a and 1a at their centers. The outer rotary shafts 1b and 1b are hollow at the center thereof, and the outer fixed shafts 1c and 1c are arranged therein. Outer rotating shaft 1b,
Bearings 1d and 1d are respectively interposed between 1b and the outer fixed shafts 1c and 1c, and thus the outer rotating shafts 1b and 1b and the outer drum 1 formed integrally with the outer rotating shafts 1b and 1b are rotatably supported. Has been done. External fixed shaft 1
c and 1c are fixed on the pedestal 20, and the outer fixed shafts 1c and 1c are eccentrically provided with through holes.

On the other hand, side plates 5a and 5a are fixed to both axial ends of the inner drum 5, and both side plates 5a and 5a are
Inner rotary shafts 5b and 5b are fixed to the centers thereof, respectively. The inner rotating shaft 5b on the right side in FIG. 2 penetrates the through hole of the outer fixed shaft 1c on the right side, and is rotatably supported by the bearing 5d fixed on the pedestal 20 at the right end thereof. On the other hand, the inner rotating shaft 5b on the left side in FIG. 2 penetrates through the through hole of the outer fixed shaft 1c on the left side, and is rotatably supported by the bearing 5d fixed on the mount. Further, a belt wheel 5c is fixed to the left end of the inner rotating shaft 5b on the left side, and a V belt 6a is wound around the belt wheel 5c.

FIG. 3 is a diametrical sectional view of the outer drum and the inner drum, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, the outer surface of the inner drum 5 is magnetized in the normal direction of the inner drum 5 and has an N magnet 7N in which the N pole is directed toward the large diameter side and the S pole is directed toward the small diameter side. The S magnet 7S with the S pole facing the diameter side and the N pole facing the small diameter side,
They are fixed alternately in the circumferential direction. Further, the axis (rotation center) z of the inner drum 5 is eccentric with respect to the axis Z of the outer drum 1 by a distance d, and the direction of eccentricity is within the range of 0 ° to −45 °. However, regarding the direction of eccentricity, the outer drum 1
The vertical direction of the portion of the conveyor belt 3 that enters the outer drum 1 from the axis Z of 0 is 0 °, and the rotation direction of the outer drum 1, that is, the clockwise direction in FIG. 3, is positive.

This embodiment is constructed as described above,
The processing object 30 input from the input port 11 drops on the conveyor belt 3 and is conveyed in the direction of the outer drum 1, and while the conveyor belt 3 rotates around the outer drum 1, the bottom of the box body 10 is rotated. To fall. However, the inner drum 5 having the magnets 7N and 7S fixed to the outer surface is installed inside the outer drum 1. Since the inner drum rotates at high speed, the alternating magnetic field passes through the inside of the object to be processed 30. Will be done. As a result, the magnetically processed object 31 in the object to be processed is attracted by the magnets 7N and 7S, so that it is closely attached to the surface of the conveyor belt 3 and rotated around the outer drum 1 to be provided on the conveyor belt 3. Side rail (not shown)
As a result, the action of the magnetic fields of the magnets 7N and 7S is weakened and the region where the action of gravity prevails is dropped. Therefore, the magnetically processed product 31 falls into the first region 14.

On the other hand, the conductive non-magnetic processed material 33 in the material to be processed is not attracted to the magnets 7N and 7S, but an eddy current is generated therein by the passage of the alternating magnetic field, which is caused by this eddy current. Form an alternating magnetic field. The direction of the eddy current induced inside the conductive non-magnetic processed material 33 is a direction in which the alternating magnetic field formed by the eddy current cancels the original alternating magnetic field, and thus the original alternating magnetic field is newly induced. The reciprocal alternating magnetic field repels each other. As a result, the conductive non-magnetic processed material 33 moves away from the original alternating magnetic field (the inner drum 5).
Radial direction) and the direction in which the original alternating magnetic field advances (inner drum 5
Tangential direction) and the middle direction. Therefore, the conductive non-magnetic processed material 33 falls into the third region 16.

Further, since the non-conductive non-magnetic processed material 32 in the processed material is not attracted to the magnets 7N and 7S and does not generate an eddy current therein, only gravity acts,
Therefore, it falls into the second area 15. In this way, the entire processed object 30 can be sorted into the magnetic processed object 31, the non-conductive non-magnetic processed object 32, and the conductive non-magnetic processed object 33. In addition, in order to improve the selection efficiency, it is preferable that a magnetic separator (not shown) is placed in front of the present apparatus and the magnetic processed material 31 is excluded in advance.

Now, in this embodiment, the axial center z of the inner drum 5 is
Is eccentrically arranged in the direction of 0 ° to −45 ° with respect to the axis Z of the outer drum 1. The operation and effect of this configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. Both figures schematically show the movement of the conductive non-magnetic processed material 33 when the eccentric amount d of the axial center z of the inner drum 5 with respect to the axial center Z of the outer drum 1 is kept constant and the eccentric direction θ is changed. 4A, θ = + 45 °, FIG. 4B θ = 0 °, and FIG.
(A) shows a state of θ = −45 °, and FIG. 6 (B) shows a state of θ = −90 °.

First, in any state, since the conductive non-magnetic processed material 33 is conveyed rightward in the figure by the conveyor belt 3, if the speed of the conveyor belt 3 is v _B ,
The conductive non-magnetic processed material 33 also moves to the right at the speed v _B. Further, the conductive non-magnetic processed material 33 receives a repulsive force due to the alternating magnetic field formed by the magnets 7N and 7S and moves away from the alternating magnetic field (radial direction of the inner drum 5) and a direction in which the alternating magnetic field advances (inner drum). 5 tangential direction) and an initial velocity v _M. Therefore, the conductive non-magnetic processed material 33 jumps out of the conveyor belt 3 at a combined speed v _{T obtained} by vector-wise adding the initial speed v _B of the conveyor belt and the initial speed v _{M of the} alternating magnetic field.

In the case shown in FIG. 4A, since the eccentric direction is in the θ = + 45 ° direction, the initial velocity v _M due to the alternating magnetic field is substantially horizontal. Therefore, since the total velocity v _T is also almost horizontal, the fall point does not reach far away. Next, in the case shown in FIG. 4B, since the eccentric direction is in the θ = 0 ° direction, the magnets 7N and 7S are closest to the conveyor belt 3, and therefore the strongest repulsive force is conductive. It can be applied to the non-magnetic processed material 33. However, the position at which the conductive non-magnetic processed material 33 receives the repulsive force and moves away from the conveyor belt 3 is more than the eccentric direction θ = 0 ° due to the interaction with the speed v _B of the conveyor belt 3.
Direction, and because the inner drum 5 preferentially receives the horizontal repulsive force, the maximum repulsive force cannot be enjoyed. Therefore, the magnitude of the initial velocity v _M due to the alternating magnetic field is not so different from that in the case of FIG. 4A, and only the direction of the initial velocity v _M is slightly upward as compared with the case of FIG. 4A. Become. As a result, the magnitude of the total speed v _T is slightly smaller than that in the case of FIG. 4A, but the direction of the total speed v _T is as shown in FIG.
Since the position is higher than in the case of (A), the falling point is farther than in the case of FIG. 4 (A).

On the other hand, in the case shown in FIG. 5 (A), since the eccentric direction is in the θ = −45 ° direction, the magnitude of the initial velocity v _M caused by the alternating magnetic field is shown in FIG. 4 (A). 4B, there is no great difference from the case of FIG. 4B, and only the direction of the initial velocity v _M is as shown in FIG.
It is even more upward than in the case of. As a result, the total speed v _T
4B is smaller than that in the case of FIG. 4B, but since the direction of the total speed v _T is further upward than that in the case of FIG. 4B, the falling point is as shown in FIG. ) Is equivalent to the case.

Finally, in the case shown in FIG. 5B, since the eccentric direction is in the θ = −90 ° direction, the magnets 7N, 7
Since S is located at a position away from the conveyor belt 3, the repulsive force received by the conductive non-magnetic material 33 is also small. Therefore, the direction of the initial velocity v _M due to the alternating magnetic field is shown in FIG.
Although it is more upward than in the case of (A), the initial velocity v
The size of _M is smaller than in the cases of FIG. 4 (A), FIG. 4 (B), and FIG. 5 (A). As a result, the direction of the total speed v _T is also
Although more upward than in the case of FIG. 5 (A), the magnitude of the total speed v _T is as shown in FIG. 4 (A), FIG. 4 (B), and FIG. 5 (A).
Since it is considerably smaller than in the case of, the fall point does not reach farther than in the case of FIG.

As described above, from θ = + 45 ° to θ = 0 °
The falling point becomes farther as becomes, and at θ = −45 °, it becomes the same as when θ = 0 °, and from θ = −45 ° to θ = −
As the angle becomes 90 °, the fall point becomes closer. Therefore, it is understood that the farthest fall point is in the range of 0 °>θ> -45 °. In this embodiment, the axis z of the inner drum 5 is 0 ° to −45 with respect to the axis Z of the outer drum 1.
Since the eccentric arrangement is made in the direction of °, it is possible to fly the conductive non-magnetic processed material 33 farthest, and the non-conductive non-magnetic processed material 32 and the conductive non-magnetic processed material 33 are separated. The most reliable selection is possible.

Next, FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of the non-magnetic metal sorting apparatus according to the present invention, in which the eccentric direction θ of the axis z of the inner drum 5 with respect to the axis Z of the outer drum 1 is 0 °>θ> -45 °
It is formed so that it can be changed within the range. In addition,
The eccentricity d of the axis z of the inner drum 5 with respect to the axis Z of the outer drum 1 is preferably maximized as long as the magnets 7N and 7S do not interfere with the inner surface of the outer drum 1. Therefore, in this embodiment, the amount of eccentricity d is constant. The inner rotating shafts 5b, 5b of the inner drum 5 are the bearings 5d,
Although it is rotatably supported by 5d, in the present embodiment, both bearings 5d, 5d are not fixed on the mount 20, but are supported by the structure described below. However, since the support structure of both bearings 5d and 5d is the same,
Only one support structure will be described.

A front plate 21a and a rear plate 21b are fixed on the frame 20, and a lower right shaft 22a and a lower left shaft 22b extending in a direction parallel to the inner rotating shaft 5b are provided between the two plates 21a and 21b. Penetrates. Both lower shafts 22a and 22b have
Right front link 23a, right rear link 23b, left front link 23
c and the lower end of the left rear link 23d are rotatably attached. The upper right shaft 24a penetrates the upper ends of the right front link 23a and the right rear link 23b, and similarly, the upper left shaft 24b penetrates the upper ends of the left front link 23c and the left rear link 23d. Both upper shafts 24a and 24b are slide plates 2
5 penetrates the front plate part and the rear plate part hung vertically. A bearing 5d that pivotally supports the inner rotating shaft 5b is fixed on the slide plate 25. Four shafts 22a, 22
b, 24a, and 24b are arranged so as to form a parallelogram, and the distance between the upper and lower axes is formed to match the eccentric amount d.

A coil spring 26 is interposed between the front portion of the slide plate 25 and the gantry 20. Each link 2
When 3a to 23d are upright, the gravity acting on the bearing 5d is reduced by the slide plate 25 and the links 23a to 2d.
It is supported by 3d and the front and rear plates 21a, 21b. Therefore, the length of the coil spring 26 when the links 23a to 23d are upright is its natural length. When the links 23a to 23d fall in the minus direction (counterclockwise direction in FIG. 6B), the coil spring 26 is compressed. The spring constant of the coil spring is such that the lateral component of the gravity acting on the slide plate 25 is supported just by the elastic force of the coil spring when each of the links 23a to 23d is tilted to θ = −45 °. It is set to be done.

A lever 27 extending rightward is fixed to the right front link 23a of the four links, and a key hole is formed at the right end of the lever 27. Lever 27
The key hole of turns around the lower right shaft 22a as each link falls in the minus direction. A retaining plate 28 is provided along the position where the key hole rotates, and the retaining plate 28 has 5 ° from θ = 0 ° to −45 °.
Every 10 keyholes are formed. A key 29 is inserted between the key hole of the lever 27 and one of the key holes of the retaining plate 28, so that the slide plate 25 is fixed in that state.

As described above, in this embodiment, the four shafts 22 are provided.
A parallelogram is formed by a, 22b, 24a, and 24b, and the distance between the upper and lower axes is formed to match the eccentric amount d. Therefore, the slide plate 25 can rotate with the radius d, and the axial center z of the inner drum 5 can also rotate with the radius d. Further, the coil spring 26 achieves gravity balance in the state of θ = 0 ° and the state of θ = −45 °. 0 ° and -4
Strictly speaking, the gravitational balance does not hold in the state between 5 ° and the balance is slightly broken. Therefore, by manipulating the lever 27 manually, from the state of θ = 0 ° shown in FIG. 4 (B) to θ = −45 ° shown in FIG. 5 (A).
The axial center z of the inner drum 5 can be maintained at any position up to the state. Therefore, it is possible to easily adjust the eccentric direction θ so that the conductive non-magnetic processed material 33 can be selected most efficiently according to the mode of the processed material 30.

When tilted to θ = -45 °, the front plate and the rear plate, which are hung from the slide plate 25, just hit the upper surfaces of the front plate 21a and the rear plate 21b, and therefore the front and rear plates. The upper surfaces of 21a and 21b have θ = −45.
Serves as a stopper to prevent exceeding °.
Similarly, it is easy to provide a stopper so that θ = 0 ° is not exceeded. Further, in the above description, the case where the four links 23a to 23d are used for the sake of simplicity has been described, but it is preferable that the right front link 23a and the right rear link 23b are integrally formed, and similarly, the left front link 23
It is preferable that the c and the left rear link 23d are also integrally formed. Further, in this embodiment, the eccentricity d is constant, but
The eccentricity d may be variable.

[0027]

As described above, according to the present invention, the shaft center of the inner drum is fixedly arranged within the angle range of 0 ° to -45 °, or is arranged so as to be adjustable within the above angle range. Therefore, it is possible to reliably select the conductive non-magnetic processed product and the non-conductive non-magnetic processed product, and it is possible to improve the selection efficiency.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view showing a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an inner drum and an outer drum of the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing an inner drum and an outer drum of the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram showing sorting efficiency when the eccentric direction is (A) + 45 ° and (B) 0 °.

FIG. 5 shows eccentric directions (A) -45 ° and (B) -90.
Explanatory drawing showing the sorting efficiency when °

FIG. 6A is a front view and FIG. 6B is a side view showing a bearing support structure according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Outer drum 1a ... Side plate 1b ... Outer rotation shaft 1c ... Outer fixed shaft 1d ... Bearing 2 ... Drive pulley 2a ... Auxiliary pulley 3 ... Conveyor belt 4 ... Conveyor belt drive motor 4a ... Chain 5 ... Inner drum 5a ... Side plate 5b ... Inner rotating shaft 5c ... Belt wheel 5d ... Bearing 6 ... Inner drum drive motor 6a ... V belt 7N, 7S ... Magnet 10 ... Box 11 ... Inserting port 12, 13 ... Partition plate 14 ... First area 15 ... Second area 16 ... 3rd area | region 20 ... Stand 21a, 21b ... Plate 22a, 22b ... Lower shaft 23a-23d ... Link 24a, 24b ... Upper shaft 25 ... Slide plate 26 ... Coil spring 27 ... Lever 28 ... Fastening plate 29 ... Key 30 ... Cover Processing object 31 ... Magnetic processing object 32 ... Non-conductive non-magnetic processing object 33 ... Conductive non-magnetic processing object Z ... Outer drum axis z ... Inner drum axis d ... Eccentricity ... eccentric direction

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An inner drum formed of a magnetic material inside an outer drum formed of a non-metallic material and a conveyor belt so as to rotate between an outer drum and one or a plurality of pulleys. Is eccentrically arranged, and the inner drum is rotationally driven in the same direction as the rotation direction of the outer drum and at an angular velocity faster than the angular velocity of the outer drum, and in the normal direction of the inner drum to the outer surface of the inner drum. In a non-magnetic metal sorting device in which N magnets having N poles and S magnets having S poles are alternately fixed in a circumferential direction, in a portion of the radius of the outer drum that enters the outer drum, the conveyor belt is provided. The axial core of the inner drum is fixedly arranged so as to be located between the lowered vertical radius and a radius of 45 ° in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the outer drum from the vertical radius. Non-magnetic metal sorting device characterized by 2. An inner drum formed of a magnetic material inside the outer drum, wherein a conveyor belt is stretched between the outer drum formed of a non-metallic material and one or a plurality of pulleys. Is eccentrically arranged, and the inner drum is rotationally driven in the same direction as the rotation direction of the outer drum and at an angular velocity faster than the angular velocity of the outer drum, and in the normal direction of the inner drum to the outer surface of the inner drum. In a non-magnetic metal sorting device in which N magnets having N poles and S magnets having S poles are alternately fixed in a circumferential direction, in a portion of the radius of the outer drum that enters the outer drum, the conveyor belt is provided. The axial center of the inner drum is positionably adjustable so as to be located between the lowered vertical radius and a radius of 45 ° in a direction opposite to the rotation direction of the outer drum from the vertical radius. Non-magnetic metal selection characterized by Apparatus.