JP2000060314A - Garden plant planter for hedge and growing of plant - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide the subject lightweight planter capable of being produced at a low cost and capable of improving the taking root of a planted tree, design, biodegradability and resistance to environmental pollution by forming a prescribed opening in the upper surface of a specific pillow-like bag structure and by placing mat-like objects at both ends of the opening as boundaries. SOLUTION: This garden plant planter for hedges C is constituted by forming an opening having a dimension enabling a user to conduct planting in the upper surface of a pillow-like bag structure 1 comprising a fiber structure such as nonwoven fabric made of filaments or staple fibers, or the like which is made mainly of biodegradable fibers consisting of at least one kind selected from the group consisting of polylactic acid, a 3-12C polylactone, an aliphatic polyester and a polyhydroxy alkanoate produced by microorganisms, and by placing mat-like objects 2 at both ends of the opening as boundaries. It is pref. that the mat-like objects 2 are square natural fibers-made mat-like ones having >=30 mm thickness, the basis weight of the fiber structure is >=70 g/m2 and the pillow-like bag structure 1 is reinforced with bamboo (or its split product) 3 inserted into both sides of its upper longitudinal part.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a planter for planting, which is excellent in biodegradability when a hedge is formed at a boundary of a residential area or both ends of a road, and a vegetation method using the planter.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Due to the special housing situation in Japan, in many cases, especially in a population-populated area, a building is built on the site and a fixed fence such as a block fence or a concrete fence is built at the boundary with the road. As a result, there is little green in the residential area, and it is difficult to get rid of mind. In addition, because the visibility of the corner is bad, it causes a traffic accident at the meeting, and in the event of an emergency, ambulances and fire trucks can not smoothly enter the residential area and the fence collapses in the event of an earthquake There is a very big problem that it will be damaged or the evacuation route will be blocked. In order to improve this, the local government has issued a subsidy to recommend changing from a block wall or concrete wall to a hedge. On the other hand, as a conventional method of planting trees, it is common to grow seedlings in a farm to a certain size, then dig up and ship. In this case, the vegetation tree must be dug up and shipped, the work is complicated and the labor cost is high, and the root hair part may be damaged and the momentum of the tree may be lost when the dug up.

In order to improve such points, seedlings are cultivated in a cylindrical container of woven or knitted or non-woven fabric made of synthetic fibers such as polyester and polyethylene, and after raising for a certain period of time, they are dug up from the surroundings to a predetermined place. A method of repotting has been developed, and this container is called a root container. By this method, since this container functions as a root protection cover at the time of shipping, the root-wrapping work at the time of shipping is not required, which leads to a great simplification of workability and also because the root is not damaged at the time of transplantation, the survival rate. Is improved.

The material of the root container currently used is made of woven fabric, knitted fabric or short fiber such as synthetic fiber such as polyester, nylon or polypropylene, coconut fiber, natural fiber such as jute or rayon or regenerated fiber. Nonwoven fabrics or long fiber nonwoven fabrics are used.
However, of these, synthetic fibers are not decomposed in the soil, so the root container must be peeled off when excavating and transplanting / implanting, and its disposal is also a problem. On the other hand, when using conventional natural fibers or recycled fibers, decomposition in the soil is too fast,
There are many problems, such as the inability to protect the roots in raising seedlings and the inability to handle them directly during transplantation. In addition, the conventional route container was not considered much in terms of design, and it did not have the function or design that can be left as it is on the boundary between the house and the road as proposed this time.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to have an excellent design for hedgerows and the viability of plant trees.
Moreover, there is an industrially easy and cheap proposal for a hedge planting planter that does not biodegrade and disappear after a certain period of time, and another purpose is to use this planter to perform more efficient vegetation. I have a suggestion.

[0006]

According to the present invention, an upper surface of a pillow-shaped bag structure made of a fiber structure containing biodegradable fiber as a main component has an opening for making a hedge planting plant. ,
It is a hedge planting planter characterized in that both ends of the opening are separated by mat-like materials.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The biodegradable fiber structure used in the present invention is selected from polylactic acids, polylactones having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, aliphatic polyesters, and microbial-producible polyhydroxyalkanoates. A fiber structure manufactured from at least one biodegradable resin.

Lactic acid has an optically active carbon and has L-form and D-form. Produced in nature and decomposed in nature
L-form is easily metabolized, and also in the present invention, L-form is the main component, and preferably L-form is at least 90%, preferably L-form has at least 92% L-form and lactic acid. It is a polylactic acid obtained by polymerizing a dimer (lactide) of ester and lactic acid. However, by containing a small amount of D-form of 10% or less, preferably 8% or less, the heat fluidity of polylactic acid is improved to improve the spinnability and moldability, and the physical properties of the molded product are improved. Can be done.

Further, polylactic acid contains other components such as aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having good copolymerizability with lactic acid, chain diol, lactones having 3 or more carbon atoms, and hydroxyalkylcarboxylic acids having 4 or more carbon atoms. One or more compounds selected from the group may be copolymerized.

The aliphatic dicarboxylic acid is saturated or unsaturated, has a straight chain type or a side chain, and has 4 to 20 carbon atoms.
Preferred is a succinic acid, adipic acid,
Saturated types such as suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, and decanedicarboxylic acid are particularly preferable.

The chain diol is a diol having no aromatic nucleus or alicyclic nucleus, and is an aliphatic diol, an oligomer of polyalkylene ether, an oligomer of polyalkylene carbonate or an oligomer of polyorganosiloxane having both hydroxyl groups at both ends. Include. As the aliphatic diol, a diol having a straight chain or a side chain having about 2 to 20 carbon atoms such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, butanediol, hexanediol, octanediol and decanediol is preferable. Similarly, examples of preferred oligoalkylene ethers include diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, and a molecular weight of 5,000 or less,
Especially polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of 2,000 or less,
Polypropylene glycol, polybutylene ether, and copolymers thereof, for example, ethylene glycol / propylene glycol copolymers and oligomers of ethylene glycol / butylene glycol copolymers can be mentioned.
Similarly, copolymerized oligomers of alkylene ether obtained by addition reaction of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide with an aliphatic diol such as butanediol and hexanediol are also useful. Similarly, oligomers of polyalkylene carbonates such as polybutylene carbonate and polyhexane carbonate, and oligomers of polyorganosiloxanes such as polydimethylsiloxane, polydiethylsiloxane, and polydiphenylsiloxane (for example, molecular weight of about 2,000 or less) at both ends Those having a hydroxyl group are also preferable. Alternatively, an oligomer obtained by adding ethylene oxide or propylene oxide to a terminal hydroxyl group of polycarbonate or polyorganosiloxane, and particularly having an molecular weight of about 2,000 or less is also preferable as the chain diol.

Examples of lactones having 3 or more carbon atoms include propiolactone, butyrolactone, valerolactone and caprolactone.

Examples of hydroxyalkylcarboxylic acids having 4 or more carbon atoms include hydroxypropylcarboxylic acid and hydroxybutylcarboxylic acid.

The weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the polymer or copolymer containing the polylactic acid of the present invention as a main constituent is usually 70,
It is preferably 000 or more, more preferably 100,000 or more, and particularly preferably 120,000 to 200,000.

It is preferable that the polylactic acid polymer or copolymer of the present invention is crystalline because it is excellent in the production of a long-fiber nonwoven fabric and the planter strength. The degree of crystallinity can be evaluated by a finger scanning calorimeter (DSC) analysis or a melting point. The endothermic amount of melting in DSC analysis is preferably 5 joules (J) / g or more, and particularly preferably 10 J / g or more. The melting point of the polymer or copolymer of the present invention is preferably 150 ° C. or higher,
It is more preferably 160 ° C or higher.

In general, polylactic acid includes direct polymerization of lactic acid (dehydration condensation), condensation of lactic acid ester (methyl ester, ethyl ester, etc.) (dealcoholization), and cyclic lactic acid 2
Polymerized by ring-opening polymerization of lactide which is a monomer,
The method of ring-opening polymerization of lactide is preferable because of its excellent productivity and facilities.

The polylactones having 3 to 12 carbon atoms include cyclic lactones having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, for example, β-propiolactone, pivalolactone, β-methyl-δ-valerolactone, β-butyrolactone, γ-butyrolactone,
Ring-opening polymers such as ε-caprolactone and δ-valerolactone and copolymers thereof can be used. The weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the polylactone of the present invention is usually preferably 70,000 or more, more preferably 100,000 or more, particularly preferably 12 or more.
It is 2,000 to 200,000.

The aliphatic polyesters have 2 carbon atoms.
Is a copolymer of an aliphatic dialcohol having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably polyethylene succinate, polybutylene succinate, and a third component or a fourth component copolymerized therewith. Things can be used.
In particular, the copolymerization of adipic acid is more preferable because the biodegradation rate can be adjusted. The weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the aliphatic polyesters of the present invention is usually preferably 70,000 or more, more preferably 100,000 or more, particularly preferably 12 or more.
It is 2,000 to 200,000.

As the microbially-produced polyhydroxyalkanoates, polyhydroxybutyrate (PH
B), polyhydroxyvalate (PHV), or PH (B / V) obtained by copolymerizing them can be used. However, the disadvantage of microbial productivity is that the adjustment of the molecular weight or the copolymerization ratio does not always go as expected. In the production of fibers, when the molecular weight is high, it is preferable to use a plasticizer if necessary or to appropriately blend other low molecular weight biodegradable polymers.

The content of the biodegradable fiber is preferably 100% from the viewpoint of environmental protection, but can be freely set from the viewpoint of adjusting the decomposition rate and the like.
From the viewpoint of being able to meet the waste standards in Europe, it is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 60% or more.

The polymer or copolymer of the present invention contains a stabilizer, an antioxidant, a secondary additive as a secondary additive depending on the purpose of use.
UV absorbers, pigments, colorants, various inorganic particles, various fillers, organic and inorganic crystal nucleating agents, water repellents, hydrophilic agents, release agents, plasticizers, bioactive agents, antibacterial agents, preservatives, etc. You can do it.

As the fibrous structure of the present invention, a long fiber non-woven fabric, a short fiber non-woven fabric, a woven or knitted fabric can be used, but from the viewpoint of cost, the long fiber non-woven fabric, the short fiber non-woven fabric and the like are preferable. In particular, long-fiber non-woven fabric is
It is more preferable in terms of cost.

As a method for producing the long fiber nonwoven fabric and the short fiber nonwoven fabric, spunbonding, meltblowing, flash spinning and other commonly used methods can be adopted. However, the spunbonding method is one of the physical properties such as the strength and elongation of the nonwoven fabric. Is favorable and preferable. Alternatively, products manufactured by different manufacturing methods can be laminated and used, for example, spunbond, meltblown,
A spunbond three-layered nonwoven fabric is preferable in terms of controlling degradability and compounding materials.

The optimum basis weight of the fiber structure of the present invention varies depending on the form, but it is generally preferably 70 g / m ² or more, more preferably 100 to 200 g / m ² or more.

The strength of the fibrous structure is preferably 10 kg / 5 cm or more, more preferably 12 kg / 5 cm or more, in terms of 100 g / m ² .

The air permeability of the fiber structure used in the present invention is 1
It is preferably 0 cc / cm ² / sec or more. Air permeability is 1
When it is 0 cc / cm ² / sec or more, it has high humidity and water permeability, suitable for growing trees, and there is no fear of root rot and death. The air permeability can be controlled by fiber denier or heat fusion conditions during the production of the fiber structure, or post-treatment conditions such as coating after the production of the fiber structure.

It is important that the color of the fibrous structure is compatible with the surrounding environment in which it is installed, and usually, preferably yellow, brown,
It is close to earth color such as brown. For the coloring, a pigment or a dye may be added at the time of producing the long fiber non-woven fabric, or the coloring may be performed by dyeing or pigment coating in the post-processing.

The bottom surface of the pillow-like bag structure made of the fiber structure may be generally non-perforated, but in some cases, the number of holes having a diameter of 5 mm or more is 1,000 / m ² or less, preferably 500 / m ^2.
It is preferable that the opening is m ² or less because root growth and rooting in soil can be performed very smoothly. The density (distribution) of holes may be uniform or non-uniform.
For example, it is preferable to increase the density of the peripheral portion rather than the central portion so that the roots can be spread more widely.

It is also possible to extend from the peripheral portion of the bottom surface to have holes in the side surface portion. In this case, it is preferable that the size of the holes be slightly smaller than the size of the holes on the bottom surface and the density be somewhat smaller. Further, the portion of the side surface portion where the hole is formed is usually at most about 1/2 of the height of the side surface from the bottom surface, but it is of course possible to form a hole in other portions than this. In this case, it is better to reduce or decrease the size and density of the holes as the height increases.

The hedge planting planter of the present invention is a bag-like product having the above fiber structure with an opening at the top.
An attached schematic view is shown in FIG. 1 and an example of a planted tree is shown in FIG. The size of the opening may be the size necessary to grow a tree sapling for a certain period of time, for example, a width of 10
It is preferable that the length is 0 to 350 mm and the length is at least 150 mm, but it can be appropriately selected depending on the type of tree and the size of the hedge.

The size of the planter is usually 150 to 400 mm in width and 10 in height in terms of handleability, installation space, and required area.
It is preferable that the length is 0 to 300 mm and the length is at least 200 mm. When a plurality of openings are opened, the length is increased accordingly, but considering the degree of freedom in carrying and installation, it is preferable to have at most three openings. The length at that time is
About 1000 mm at the most is preferable. As a rule, plant one tree seedling in each opening.

The bag structure of the present invention can be manufactured by deep drawing, or can be cut into a certain shape and then sewn together, or heat-sealed.

At both ends of the opening of the bag structure of the present invention, the thickness is preferably 30 in order to adjust the shape of the bag and to reinforce.
It is preferable to install a quadrangular plate-shaped product formed of a mat-like product made of natural fibers, that is, a felt-like product, having a size of at least mm, more preferably at least 40 mm, particularly preferably at least 50 mm. The width and height of this plate-like material are defined by the size of the bag-like material, but the width is usually preferable.
The height is usually 150 mm or more, more preferably 180 to 350 mm, and the height is usually preferably 100 mm or more, more preferably 120 to 300 mm. The natural fibers used as the material are cotton,
Various fibers such as hemp, palm fiber, banana fiber, and kapok fiber can be used, but relatively coarse and hard fibers are more effective as shape retention, strength retention, air supply, and moisture passage.

Further, for reinforcing the shape retention of the opening on the upper surface,
It is preferable to install a fibrous structure made of natural fibers for reinforcement having a width of 20 mm or more, more preferably 30 to 80 mm in the width direction of the opening. Examples of the installation method include a sewing method, a bonding method, and a fusion bonding method. As the fiber structure composed of natural fibers, fibers of cotton, hemp, wool, jute, palm and the like are used in a plate shape or a board shape. In particular, the fibers of jute, hemp, and palm are more preferable because they have a color that easily fits in the soil. The fiber structure made of this natural fiber has a role of taking in air that promotes the growth of trees and adjusting the water content of irrigation water, and has the effect of promoting rooting of vegetation.

In order to form and reinforce the bag-shaped planter, it is preferable to insert and reinforce bamboo at least on both sides of the bag in the longitudinal direction, preferably on both sides of the lower part. This improves the appearance of the planter when it is transported and installed. Materials other than bamboo can be used for reinforcement, but it is only necessary that they are compatible with each other in consideration of the purpose and the environment.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the planter of the present invention can be installed around a general house, a boundary between the house and a road, both sides of the road, or the like where vegetation is required. As for the installation, if a groove that allows the planter to enter the ground is to be dug or if it is to be put on the ground, blocks or concrete slabs are arranged at regular intervals and installed between them.

By using the long-fiber non-woven fabric containing the polylactic acid of the present invention as the main constituent, the strength of the polylactic acid becomes about 1/10 of the initial strength in about 3 years, and the polylactic acid substantially decomposes. Therefore, as the tree grows, the planter will corrode and disappear, and there will be no environmental problem at all. The decomposition rate can be controlled by adjusting the composition of the polylactic acid polymer or copolymer as described above.

The present invention will be described in detail in the following examples, but% and parts are weight ratios unless otherwise specified. Example 1 Polylactic acid containing 99.5% of L- form having a weight average molecular weight of 155,000 was spun at a spinning temperature of 230 ° C., drawn by an air ejector at a speed of 3600 m / min, and dropped on a net conveyor. Next, embossing with an embossing roller with a surface temperature of 125 ° C.
Got ² spunbonds. Vertical direction of spunbond (M
D) Tensile strength is 17.4 kg / 5 cm, elongation is 15.8%, and transverse (TD) tenacity is 15.8 kg / 5 cm.
Elongation is 21.6%, forming a uniform formation, and air permeability is 2
It was 5 cc / cm ² / sec. The spunbonds were cut so that the longitudinal direction of the bag-shaped planter of the present invention was the lengthwise direction (see FIG. 5), and they were sewn with a sewing thread made of polyester to obtain a planter having one opening. . The size of the planter is 180mm in width, 120mm in height, and 280mm in length.
Met. Width 180 mm and height 120 at both ends of the planter.
A felt molding plate made by entwining palm fibers with a thickness of 35 mm and a thickness of 35 mm was installed and the shape was adjusted. Make cuts at both ends of the upper part of the planter so that you can insert a piece of torn bamboo. The bamboo used had a width of 2 cm and had the inner knot removed, and was inserted so that the epidermis of the bamboo was on the outside. The torn bamboo pieces were burnt before use to remove bamboo oil and browned. The soil mixture and shirataki saplings as vegetation trees were placed inside the planter and installed in the trench dug at the boundary between the garden and the road. The weight was enough to be carried by an adult male. There was no problem with rooting of the seedlings and rooting.

Example 2 The spunbond of Example 1 was used, and in order to assemble a planter having three openings, it was die-cut and cut as shown in FIG. 6, and fused and molded by a high-frequency sewing machine. A plain weave fabric made of a string made of palm fiber having a diameter of 1 mm was sewn in the width direction of the opening with a sewing thread made of polyester to reinforce the opening. As in Example 1, bamboo was inserted into both ends of the upper part of the planter for reinforcement. The bottom surface was formed with elliptical holes having a major axis of 7 mm and a minor axis of 5 mm at a density of 300 / m ² .
Soil, fertilizer, mulch, etc. were put into each opening, and one Beni Kaname seedling was put in each. The weight was rather heavy, but it was not enough for an adult boy to carry. Lined up around the garden to make a hedge. The survival of the seedlings was good.

[0040]

With the planter of the present invention, it can be folded during transportation, inventory, or when not in use, which greatly saves distribution costs and inventory space, and it is lightweight and portable even if soil is put in. It is easy and can be installed without being affected by the unevenness of the ground. Moreover, the material of the planter is polylactic acid as a main component, and there is no concern that it will become waste because it decomposes when it is no longer necessary as the plant grows. It is a material that greatly contributes to greening and reducing garbage.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an assembly drawing of a planter of the present invention.

[Fig. 2] Planted condition

[Fig. 3] Example of construction example

[Fig. 4] Example of construction example

[Figure 5] Development view during manufacturing

[Figure 6] Development view during manufacturing

[Explanation of symbols]

1 bag structure 2 Matte of natural fiber 3 Reinforcing bamboo 4 Planter of the present invention 6 grooves 7 blocks 8 residential land 9 roads 10 Cross section of the ground 11 Sew together 12 Bamboo hole 13 Fiber structure composed of natural fibers

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. An upper surface of a pillow-shaped bag structure made of a fiber structure containing biodegradable fiber as a main component has an opening to the extent that a hedge planting can be made, and both ends of the opening are mat-shaped. A hedge planting planter characterized by being divided by objects. 2. The mat-like material is a rectangular natural fiber mat-like material having a thickness of 30 mm or more.
Hedge planter described in 1. 3. The biodegradable fiber is polylactic acid and has 3 to 10 carbon atoms.
The plant planter according to claim 1 or 2, which is a fiber made of at least one of 12 polylactones, aliphatic polyesters, and microbially-produced polyhydroxyalkanoates. 4. The planting planter according to claim 1, wherein the fiber structure is a long fiber nonwoven fabric or a short fiber nonwoven fabric. 5. The planting planter according to claim 1, wherein the fiber structure has a basis weight of at least 70 g / m ² . 6. The bag structure according to claim 1, wherein the bag structure has a plurality of openings, and a boundary between the openings is partitioned by a natural fiber mat-like material. Plant planter described in any of. 7. The planting planter according to claim 1, wherein a fiber structure made of natural fibers is installed at least at one position in the width direction of the fiber structure at the opening. 8. The bottom surface is a flat surface and is self-supporting.
The planting planter according to any one of 1 to 7. 9. The pillow-shaped bag is reinforced by inserting bamboo or a material obtained by breaking bamboo into at least both sides of the upper portion in the vertical direction.
The planting planter according to any one of to 8. 10. At most 100 holes with a diameter of 5 mm or more are formed on the bottom surface.
0 month / m ² open plants planter according to any one of claims 1 to 9 have. 11. A vegetation method in which a soil for vegetation and a fertilizer for raising seedlings are put into the planting planter according to any one of claims 1 to 10 and at least one seedling is planted.