JP2000059915A - Control system for electric torque converter powered by internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent malacceleration and a stop of an engine, and generation of fuming, etc., by controlling the output of an electric torque converter, using an engine output calculated by a governor output signal (the quantity of fuel supplied to the engine) and the number of rotation of the engine. SOLUTION: This is an electrical torque converter which is provided with an internal combustion engine 10, a governor 2 which generates a governor output signal representing a fuel supplying condition of the governor as against a governor command signal and supplies it to the engine 10, and an AC engine 10, and controls the torque and speed of a load motor 9 by the generator output directly or indirectly. Here, it is fitted with a means 4 which takes in the governor output signal and the number of rotation of the engine and calculates the output of the engine, a means 10 for detecting the input power of the load power, and a means 12 which restricts the field current of the AC generator so that the input power of the load motor may not be the engine output or larger, and the output of the electric torque converter is controlled corresponding to the engine output.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for powering a natural engine applicable to a vehicle that operates at a variable speed, such as a locomotive using a diesel engine, a hybrid electric vehicle, a construction work vehicle, and a defense-related vehicle. And a control method of the electric torque converter.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a conventional diesel engine, there is no example in which a governor output signal is applied to motor control. Therefore,
In a conventional governor, the amount of fuel supplied is controlled so as to match the engine in relation to the governor command in relation to the number of revolutions of the engine. Also, the diesel engine locomotive is
Most use all-speed governors,
In a steady state, the governor operates in accordance with the amount of power absorbed by the electric circuit, and changes the fuel supply amount so as to keep the engine speed constant. Therefore, since the output value of the engine at each engine speed is not known on the electric control side, in order to prevent overload of the engine, a DC series motor is used for the motor, and a constant output of the DC series motor is used for the engine output. Utilizing characteristics. However, it is difficult to expect high cost and stable operation of the DC series motor. Since the purpose of the conventional hybrid-type electric vehicle technology is to reduce NOx and the like, it is necessary to operate the vehicle under the condition of the lowest NOx, and it is considered that the vehicle always operates at a constant speed.
Therefore, this is a control technique different from the technique for performing the variable speed operation.

[0003]

These problems can be solved by using an induction motor or a synchronous motor in a vehicle or the like instead of the DC series motor having the above-mentioned problems such as cost and motor flashover. However, since induction motors and synchronous motors do not have the constant output characteristics of the characteristics of DC series motors, the same characteristics as DC series motors must be imparted to these motors by control in accordance with the output of the engine. For this purpose, by detecting the instantaneous value of the output of the engine and controlling the current, voltage, and frequency of the motor according to the output, the driving force and speed of the motor can be distributed according to the engine output. However, because the output of the engine is checked with the generator output, the relationship with the output of the engine is not known,
Problems such as poor acceleration of the engine, stoppage of the engine, and fuming occur.

An object of the present invention is to control the output of an electric torque converter by using the governor output signal and the engine output detected from the engine speed to prevent poor acceleration of the engine, stop of the engine, generation of smoke, and the like. It is an object of the present invention to provide a control method of an electric torque converter powered by a natural engine.

[0005]

An object of the present invention is to provide a natural engine, a governor for generating a governor output signal indicating a governor fuel supply state in response to a governor command signal, and an alternator powered by the engine. An electric torque converter that directly or indirectly controls the torque and speed of the load motor by the output of the generator, calculates the engine output by taking in the governor output signal and the engine speed, and calculates the engine output. The problem is solved by limiting the field current of the alternator so that the input power does not exceed the engine output, and controlling the output of the electric torque converter according to the engine output. In addition, an AC conversion unit for driving the load motor is provided so that the input power of the load motor does not exceed the engine output based on the engine output calculated by taking in the governor output signal and the engine speed and the input power of the load motor. The problem is solved by controlling the AC conversion means. In addition, the change rate of the engine speed is taken in addition to the governor output signal and the engine speed to predict the change pattern of the engine output, and the value is used to correct the control of the electric torque converter, thereby solving the problem. You.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Generally, a natural engine has different characteristics between the engine speed and the output depending on the type of governor used, and the type of governor is selected according to the purpose of use of the engine. Before describing the embodiments of the present invention, various characteristics will be described. FIG. 1 shows governor signals and characteristics of the engine when a high-speed governor is applied to the engine. (A) shows the relationship between the governor command signal and governor output signal (indicating the amount of fuel supplied to the engine) and the engine speed. When the engine reaches a predetermined speed, the amount of fuel supply is limited. The amount of fuel supplied varies depending on the command signal amount to the governor. As a result, as shown in (b), when the fuel supply amount is constant, the engine output
When the engine speed reaches a predetermined value when the engine speed reaches a predetermined value, the governor reduces the fuel supply amount, the torque decreases, and the output decreases. FIG. 2 shows the governor signal and the characteristics of the engine when the half-all speed governor is applied to the engine. (A) shows the relationship between the governor command signal, governor output signal, and engine speed. The amount of fuel supplied increases in association with the governor command signal (usually commanded manually), the amount of supply decreases with an increase in engine speed, and the amount of fuel supply decreases sharply from a certain predetermined speed. Prevent speed. (B) shows the engine output characteristic of the governor. In the middle stage of the governor, the engine output is maintained at a constant output irrespective of the rotation speed, and overspeed protection is also performed.
FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the engine output and the running resistance of the vehicle when the engine using the high / low speed governor is applied to the vehicle. For example, when the running resistance takes the value of (3), the governor is set to (a)
, The output of the engine, that is, the torque is insufficient in the entire speed range of the rotation speed, and the engine stops. Here, the intersection of the two curves is the balance point of the rotational speed.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show the generator output characteristics at the respective governor positions of the generator directly connected to the respective governor-equipped engines. FIG. 6 is a characteristic diagram showing a governor output signal, that is, a fuel supply amount, with respect to the engine speed of the all-speed governor, and FIG. 7 is an output characteristic of an engine using the governor. The characteristics of this institution are
It is characterized in that constant speed control is performed by changing the supply amount of fuel in order to maintain the specified rotation speed, and therefore, there is a feature that the torque is large even at low rotation speed. FIG. 8 illustrates the relationship between the running resistance and the engine output when the all-speed governor-equipped engine is applied to a vehicle, in terms of the rotational speed. For example, when the governor is set to (c) when the running resistance takes the value of (3), the torque becomes insufficient in the speed range of the engine output (c) and the engine stops. Here, the intersection of the two curves is the balance point of the rotational speed. FIG. 9 shows output characteristics of an engine direct-coupled generator having an all-speed governor. As described above, the characteristics of the engine vary greatly depending on the type of governor used, but the output of the engine can be known by checking the output signal of the governor and the rotation speed of the engine. The reason is that the output signal of the governor is different from the signal given to the governor, and indicates the state of the engine by taking in the temperature, the atmospheric pressure, and the like in addition to the rotation speed of the engine.

FIG. 10 shows a control method of an electric torque converter of an engine using a high / low speed governor according to an embodiment of the present invention. The basis of the control of the electric torque converter of the present invention is based on the output signal of the governor and the number of revolutions of the engine, and electrically outputting the output from the engine in accordance with the output of the engine. 10, 1 is an internal combustion engine, 2 is a governor, 3 is a rotation speed sensor, 4 is an AC generator, 5 is a field coil of the AC generator, 6 is a rectifier, 7 is a voltage sensor, 8 is a current sensor, 9 Denotes a DC motor (motor), 10 denotes a multiplier, 11 denotes an engine output pattern generator, and 12 denotes a comparison field controller. In the present embodiment, the basic operation is a governor command signal, and the governor 2 outputs a governor output signal based on the command signal and the engine speed, and this value is the current fuel supply amount of the engine, in other words, the output torque value. Generates a signal proportional to. Therefore, when the rotation speed of the engine 1 is detected by the rotation sensor 3, a result proportional to the output value of the engine 1 can be obtained. The engine output pattern generator 11 calculates the output of the engine 1 by taking in the output signal of the governor 2 and the rotational speed of the engine 1, and outputs an allowable engine output in real time. The output of the alternator 4 is rectified by the rectifier 6 and directly or indirectly outputs the torque of the motor 9 as a load,
Control the speed. Here, in FIG. 11, when the rotational speed of the engine 1 is constant using the field amount of the AC generator 4 as a parameter (even if the field amount is constant and the rotational speed is changed, almost the same characteristics are obtained)
The characteristics of the AC generator 4 and the required characteristics of the motor 9 as a vehicle are shown as an example at the time of engine full-power operation. When the field excitation is increased at the maximum engine speed, the alternator 4
The voltage and current characteristics of (1) to (4) in FIG.
To increase. Since the current and voltage values required by the motor 9 vary depending on the speed of the motor 9, when the field current of the alternator 4 is adjusted by the voltage of the motor 9 as shown in FIG. I do. On the input side of the motor 9, a voltage sensor 7 and a current sensor 8
Then, the input power is detected by the multiplier (multiplier) 10, and the engine output allowable by the engine output pattern generator 11 is determined in real time based on the governor output signal and the engine speed. The comparison field controller 12 limits the field current of the AC generator 4 so that the input power of the motor 9 does not exceed the output of the engine 1. As described above, in the present embodiment, the allowable engine output determined by the engine output pattern generator 11 is performed in real time, and therefore, the instantaneous value of the output value during excessive acceleration or deceleration of the engine 1 is detected. Therefore, prevention of poor acceleration of the engine, stop of the engine, and the like can be realized only by controlling the field current of the AC generator 4.

FIG. 13 shows another embodiment of the present invention.
In an engine using an all-speed governor, there is a limit on the motor speed at the intermediate output of the engine. That is, since the rotation speed of the AC generator is limited by the rotation speed of the engine, the system shown in FIG. 10 cannot be applied to the engine using the all-speed governor. The present embodiment is a control method of an electric torque converter that can cope with all types of governors. In FIG. 13, 1 is an internal combustion engine, 2 is a governor, 3 is a rotation speed sensor, 4 is an AC generator, 5 is a field coil of the AC generator, 6
Is a rectifier, 7 is a voltage sensor, 8 is a current sensor, 10 is a multiplier, 11 is an engine output pattern generator, 13 is an AC motor, 14 is an inverter circuit, 15 is an inverter circuit gate operation circuit, and 16 is field excitation. Represents a container. The output of the engine 1 is obtained in proportion to the product of the output signal of the governor 2 and the output of the rotation speed sensor 3. The alternator 4 has a field coil 5 (or a permanent magnet field) of constant excitation, and its output voltage is proportional to the rotation speed. The output of the alternator 4 is rectified by the rectifier 6 and becomes the power source of the inverter 14. The inverter 14 controls the input voltage, current, and frequency of the AC motor 13 to control the torque and speed of the AC motor 14 to desired values. The engine output from the engine output pattern generator 11 is input to the gate operation unit 15 of the inverter. In addition,
The gate operation unit 15 is provided with a limit on the maximum output generated by the inverter 14. On the other hand, the output power of the inverter 14 is fed back by the multiplier 10 by the voltage sensor 7 and the current sensor 8. On the other hand, since the voltage and current command to the AC motor 13 are input to the gate operation unit 15, the voltage value and the current of the AC motor 13 within the range not exceeding the limit signal of the engine output pattern generator 11 in the gate operation unit 15. Converted to a ratio of values. The voltage and current commands are not specified at the same time, but either the current value or the voltage value is specified. For this reason, if the current value of the AC motor 13 is specified within the range of the output of the engine 1, the gate operation unit 15 instructs the inverter 14 of the corresponding maximum voltage value, and the current value of the AC motor 13 is instructed. , The gate operation unit 15 instructs the inverter 14 of the maximum value of the current corresponding thereto.
Here, each of the voltage sensor 7 and the current sensor 8 monitors the limit of the maximum value. In the present embodiment, the generator output in the hatched range shown in FIG. 14 is within the limit of the engine output value, and as shown in FIG. 15, the product of the voltage value and the current value is constant and within the range of the engine output. Can convert each value freely.
The engine output decreases in the order of (1) to (3).
According to this embodiment, the voltage value and the current value of the AC motor 13, that is, the speed and the torque can be distributed regardless of the type of the engine 1 and the governor 2. For example, even if the engine 1 is rotating at a low speed, It is also possible to increase the speed of the AC motor 13 and reduce the torque. Further, the inverter 14 is controlled based on the engine output calculated from the governor output signal and the engine speed and the input power of the load motor so that the input power of the AC motor 13 does not exceed the engine output. Thus, control without taking the load on the engine can be performed, and the stop of the engine during operation can be prevented. Further, even when the output of the engine 1 falls, the instantaneous value of the engine output is detected, so that it is possible to prevent the engine overload from occurring when the engine output falls.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the engine output pattern generator 11 outputs the output signal of the governor 2 and the engine 1
The output of the engine 1 is calculated by taking the rotation speed of the engine 1 and an allowable engine output is output. However, the governor command signal, the governor output signal, and the rotation speed of the engine are described with reference to the characteristic diagram described above. As described above, since there is a correlation, the engine output pattern generator 1
1, using the change rate of the engine speed in addition to the governor command signal and the engine speed, predicting the change pattern of the engine output due to the increase and decrease of the speed based on the current output signal of the governor 2;
The control of the electric torque converter may be corrected based on the value to control the electric torque converter corresponding to the engine output. Thereby, the output control of the electric torque converter can be optimized.

[0011]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Controlling the electric torque converter in relation to the amount of fuel supplied to the governor engine (the governor output signal) and the engine speed has the following advantages. (1) Since the allowable engine output determined by the engine output pattern generator is performed in real time, the instantaneous value of the output value during excessive acceleration or deceleration of the engine can be detected. Prevention of poor acceleration, engine stop, etc. can be realized only by controlling the field current of the AC generator. (2) An AC converter for driving the load motor is provided so that the input power of the load motor does not exceed the engine output based on the engine output calculated by taking in the governor output signal and the engine speed and the input power of the load motor. Since the AC conversion means is controlled during the operation, it is possible to perform control so as not to take a load exceeding the instantaneous value of the engine output, and to prevent the engine from stopping during operation. In addition, even when the output of the engine falls, the instantaneous value of the engine output is detected, so that the engine overload can be prevented from occurring when the engine output falls. (3) When the engine output is steady, the electric torque converter checks the engine speed according to the type of governor to be applied, so that the engine output changes due to an increase or decrease in the engine speed based on the current output signal of the governor. Since the pattern can be predicted, the output control of the electric torque converter can be optimized.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows governor signals and characteristics of an engine when a high-speed governor is applied to the engine.

FIG. 2 shows governor signals and engine characteristics when a half-all speed governor is applied to an engine.

FIG. 3 shows the relationship between the engine output and the vehicle running resistance (the intersection of the curves is the balance point of the rotational speed).

FIG. 4 shows output characteristics of a high-speed governor-equipped engine-generator with a governor.

FIG. 5 shows output characteristics of an engine direct-coupled generator with a half-all speed governor.

FIG. 6 shows a governor command signal and a governor output signal of an all-speed governor in relation to an engine speed.

FIG. 7 shows output characteristics of an engine with an all-speed governor.

FIG. 8 shows the relationship between the running resistance and the engine output when the all-speed governor-equipped engine is applied to a vehicle, in terms of the number of revolutions.

FIG. 9 shows the relationship between generator output and generator voltage.

FIG. 10 is an embodiment of the present invention and shows a control method of an electric torque converter of an engine using a high / low speed governor.

FIG. 11 shows characteristics of the AC generator in the system of FIG.

FIG. 12 shows a pattern for controlling a field current for obtaining the characteristics of FIG.

FIG. 13 shows another embodiment of the present invention, showing a control method of an electric torque converter which can cope with all kinds of governors.

FIG. 14 shows a use range of the generator output of FIG.

FIG. 15 is an explanatory diagram for converting the output of the generator to a constant product of voltage and current by an inverter.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Internal combustion engine, 2 ... Governor, 3 ... Rotation speed sensor, 4 ... AC generator, 5 ... Field coil of AC generator, 6 ... Rectifier,
7 ... voltage sensor, 8 ... current sensor, 9 ... DC motor, 1
0: Multiplier, 11: Engine output pattern generator, 12: Comparison field controller, 13: AC motor, 14: Inverter circuit, 15: Gate operation circuit of inverter circuit, 16: Field exciter

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F term (reference) QN03 QN06 RB11 RB17 RE02 RE03 RE05 SE05 TE02 TO05 TO08 TO12 TO13 TO14

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A natural engine, a governor for generating a governor output signal indicating a fuel supply state of the governor in response to a governor command signal to the engine, and an AC generator powered by the engine. An electric torque converter for directly or indirectly controlling the torque and speed of a load motor, calculating an engine output by taking in a governor output signal and an engine speed, and calculating an input power of the load motor by the engine output. An electric torque converter powered by a natural engine, wherein the field current of the alternator is limited so as not to become the above, and the output of the electric torque converter is controlled in accordance with the engine output. Control method. 2. A natural engine, a governor for generating a governor output signal indicating a governor fuel supply state in response to a governor command signal to the engine, and an alternator driven by the engine. An electric torque converter for directly or indirectly controlling the torque and speed of a load motor, provided with AC conversion means for driving the load motor, and calculating an engine output calculated by taking in a governor output signal and an engine speed. And controlling the AC conversion means based on the input power of the load motor so that the input power of the load motor does not exceed the engine output. method. 3. The electric torque converter according to claim 1, wherein a change pattern of the engine speed is taken in addition to the governor output signal and the engine speed, and a change pattern of the engine output is predicted. A control method for an electric torque converter powered by a natural engine, characterized by compensating for the control delay.