JP2000053976A - Start up of rapid pyrolysis unit - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for solving the clogging problems, resulting from coal for gasification used during a start-up period of pyrolysis process and/or carbonaceous stock coming into contact with hot char formed, which generates tar from the coal and/or carbonaceous stock to agglomerate the char into coarser particles. SOLUTION: This method comprises covering coal for gasification used during a start-up period of pyrolysis process and/or carbonaceous stock with seed char at a place, e.g. supply section 9, where the coal and/or carbonaceous stock come into contact with hot char formed. The char brings about the insulation effect to prevent generation of tar from the coal and/or carbonaceous stock, and allows the gasification process to continue, because it contains carbon.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention aims at multipurpose use of energy of carbonaceous materials such as coal, waste (garbage), and plastics, and efficiently pyrolyzes these materials to efficiently use gas fuel, The present invention relates to a method for starting a rapid pyrolysis facility for producing chemical raw materials and solid fuels.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In response to the problem of global warming, the development and commercialization of new energies, a shift to low carbon dioxide generation energies, an increase in the ratio of nuclear energy, and efficient and rational use of existing primary energies are being promoted. Have been. Among them, rapid pyrolysis technology for extracting gaseous fuel, chemical raw material, and solid fuel from coal and carbonaceous raw materials has recently reached a level close to practical use, mainly for coal. The rapid pyrolysis process of coal, which is a category of this technology, is characterized by being more efficient than combustion and gasification.
Japanese Patent Application No. 09-724 discloses a rapid pyrolysis method for coal disclosed in Japanese Patent Application No. 71 and a method for utilizing char as a high-temperature gas source.
No. 93 coal gasification equipment. Here, the char refers to a substance from which volatile components have been removed from coal, a carbonaceous raw material, or the like, and generally refers to a residue when heated in a non-oxidizing or low-oxidizing atmosphere. Coal and coal char, garbage and garbage char,
There are plastics and plastic chars, and the properties differ depending on the basic carbon skeleton and the amount of volatile components.

[0003] The outline of the process will be described by taking a coal rapid pyrolysis process as an example. Coal char (hereinafter referred to as char) generated by rapid pyrolysis of pulverized coal is separated by a cyclone or the like, and is blown together with oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas from a supply portion to a gasification furnace to partially burn. A high-temperature gas of about 1600 ° C mainly consisting of carbon monoxide and hydrogen is generated,
Used as a high temperature source for rapid pyrolysis. Pulverized coal is blown into the high-temperature gas, the temperature is raised by sensible heat of the high-temperature gas, and rapid pyrolysis is performed. The high-temperature gas is deprived of the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of the pulverized coal and the amount of heat consumed in the pyrolysis reaction (endotherm), and is mixed with the generated gas such as the generated volatile components to raise the temperature from 600 ° C. to 1000 ° C.
Settles at the thermal decomposition temperature of ℃ (adjust the amount of pulverized coal to reach the thermal decomposition temperature). The generated gas is a gas having an industrially high calorific value of about 3000 to 4500 kcal / Nm ³ containing a hydrocarbon such as methane. The tar content contained in the gas is recovered by cooling.

[0004]

In this process, char generated by pyrolysis is used as a gasification fuel, and thus, no char has been generated at the time of starting up (starting up) the equipment. Usually, coal is replaced until the amount of char is sufficient, and the system is switched. At this time, the char generated by the pyrolysis has a temperature of 600 ° C. to 1000 ° C. (pyrolysis temperature) during separation in a cyclone or the like. Perform a simple primary cooling, from 300 ° C to 60 ° C.
It is cooled to about 0 ° C. However, if the char at this temperature comes into direct contact with the pulverized coal stored in the supply unit in advance, volatiles and tar in the coal are gasified, causing pressure and gas flow abnormalities due to the generation of gas flow, and high temperature on the cyclone side. In the part, coking occurs in the low-temperature part on the supply side, and char agglomeration occurs due to tar condensation, which causes troubles such as blockage and poor transport due to large particles. Possible solutions include gasification without lowering the temperature (prevention of condensation), and cooling to near room temperature before the supply to the gasification furnace (prevention of coking). However, the tar content in the gas is further condensed to cause adhesion / clogging troubles, and the equipment becomes large, which is not practical.

[0005]

According to the present invention, there is provided a pyrolysis section for pyrolyzing coal and / or a carbonaceous raw material with a high-temperature gas, and a char or coal produced in the pyrolysis section. And / or a method of activating a rapid pyrolysis facility in which a carbonaceous material is burned and connected to a gasification furnace for generating a high-temperature gas to be supplied to the pyrolysis section. A method for starting a rapid pyrolysis facility, which comprises inserting coal and / or carbonaceous raw material into a supply section to a gasification furnace, and subsequently laminating a seed char prepared in advance.

In the present invention, the char is charged in advance at the place where the high-temperature char contacts the coal and / or carbonaceous raw material (seed char), and the seed char that does not generate volatiles, tar, etc. is used as a heat insulating material. To solve the problem. Those that can be used as the seed char have the same calorific value as the generated char (for stabilization of gasification operation) and do not generate volatile components in the temperature range.

[0007]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows the flow of a coal rapid pyrolysis process using coal as an example of a process using the present invention. The high-temperature gas serving as a heat source of the thermal decomposition is generated by causing a partial combustion reaction between the char of the char line 2 and the oxygen-containing gas 3 in the gasification furnace 1,
Is blown into The gas temperature at this time is usually 1400 ° C.
To about 1700 ° C. The pyrolysis coal 5 is blown into the pyrolysis section 4 and is rapidly pyrolyzed by the high-temperature gas to generate gas, tar, and char. The generated char is heated to a high temperature (from 600 ° C. to 1 ° C.) by a dust collector 6 such as a cyclone.
000 ° C) and separated from gas and tar. The separated generated char is cooled from 300 ° C. to 600 ° C. by the primary cooler 7.
Cooled to about ° C. After the gas cooling step 8, the gas or tar is separated into liquid and gas in a cooling device (gas cooler or the like), purified, and sent to each product user. The separated and cooled generated char is blown into the gasifier 1 from the char feeder 9. The surplus generated char on the heat balance is discharged out of the system through the discharge route 10 from the char supply unit 9. The char supply unit 9 includes the char storage / distribution unit 1
1 and a char cutout section 12. The generated char is stored in the char storage / distribution unit 11, and a required amount is transferred to the gasification furnace 1 via the char cutout unit 12. Excess char is overflowed by the weir 13 and the discharge route 1
It is discharged out of the system from 0. When the process is started, no generated char is generated, and a predetermined amount of coal is supplied in advance to the char cut-out unit 12 and the char storage / distribution unit 11 for gasification in the gasifier 1 and the starting coal 15 is supplied. Prepare from line 16. When the process is started and pyrolysis begins, char begins to form. At this time, the generated char discharged from the primary cooler 7 is 300 to 600
It has a temperature of ° C., and when it comes into contact with the coal charged in the char storage / distribution unit 11, the coal is heated to generate volatile components, causing various troubles. In the present invention, in order to avoid this trouble, the seed char 14 is charged into the char storage / distribution unit 11 on the starting coal 15 before the operation. The position where the seed char is charged corresponds to the position of the start-up coal supply line 15, but in addition to the char storage / distribution unit 11, the char cutout unit 12, the lower part of the primary cooler 7, and the like are conceivable. FIG. 2 shows an apparatus flow when charging into the char cut-out unit 12.

In the example of FIG. 2, the position where the seed char is charged is shown in FIG.
1 is different from the example shown in FIG. 1, and the flow of the other coal rapid sizing process is the same as the example of FIG.

[0009]

EXAMPLES Examples showing the effects of the present invention will be described below.
Pulverized coal of the subbituminous coal class was used as the pyrolysis raw material. 6
Coal is spread with a thickness of 100 mm on a char storage / distribution unit 11 having a volume of about 0 liter, and a layer thickness of 0 mm,
Seed chars of 0 mm, 100 mm, and 200 mm are charged, and the generated char at 300 ° C. is supplied from above at about 5 kg / h.

[0010]

[Table 1] Table 1 shows the weight percentage of large particles in the produced char by layer thickness. For comparison, the large particle weight% of the produced char (before contact) is also shown. As a method of determining the volatile matter trouble, the weight% of the 1 mm to 3 mm particles and the weight% of the particles of 3 mm or more of the produced char after the supply were taken. 1-3 mm is the inner diameter of the piping 5-6
In a transfer pipe of about mm, a size at which there is a risk of blockage depending on conditions, and a size of 3 mm or more is a size with a high possibility of blockage trouble. 1-3 mm is preferably 1% by weight or less, and 3 mm or more is preferably 0.1% by weight or less.

When no seed char is inserted (0 mm), about 1.5 mm of 1 mm-3 mm particles is used for the char before contact.
35 times larger particles were generated with particles of 3 mm or more. 3m
m or more particles, and stable operation cannot be expected unless removal means such as a sieve is taken. Layer thickness 50mm, 100mm,
At 200 mm, all of the 1 mm to 3 mm particles were increased by about 15% to 40% to 1% by weight or less, and the seed char effect was confirmed. No increase was observed for particles of 3 mm or more. Therefore, the generation of large particles that may be blocked by the seed char having a layer thickness of about 50 mm can be sufficiently and effectively suppressed.

[0012]

By applying the present invention, it is possible to suppress the formation of large particles of char derived from the condensation of coal volatiles simply by charging a seed char having a layer thickness of about 50 mm. As a result, stable operation with less blockage trouble has become possible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a process flow (coal rapid pyrolysis process flow).

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a process flow (an example of charging a seed char into a char cutout unit).

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Gasifier 2 Char line 3 Oxygen-containing gas 4 Pyrolysis unit 5 Coal for pyrolysis 6 Dust collector 7 Primary cooler 8 Gas cooling process 9 Char supply unit 10 Drain route 11 Char storage / distribution unit 12 Char cutout unit 13 Weir 14 Kinds of char 15 Coal for start-up 16 Coal supply line for start-up

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (71) Applicant 000002118 Sumitomo Metal Industries Co., Ltd. 4-5-33 Kitahama, Chuo-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka (71) Applicant 000004123 Nippon Kokan Co., Ltd. 1-1-1, Marunouchi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo No. 2 (72) Inventor Shigeru Hashimoto 20-1 Shintomi, Futtsu-shi Nippon Steel Corporation Technology Development Division (72) Inventor Tatsuhiko Ega 46-59 Ohara Nakahara, Tobata-ku, Kitakyushu Nippon Steel Corporation Engineering Business Within the headquarters (72) Atsushi Fujikawa 46-59 Nakahara, Tobata-ku, Kitakyushu Nippon Steel Corporation Engineering Business Headquarters (72) Inventor Masaki Onoda 20-1 Shintomi, Futtsu City Nippon Steel Corporation Technology Development In the headquarters (72) Inventor Takafumi Kawamura 20-1 Shintomi, Futtsu City Nippon Steel Corporation Technology Development Headquarters (72) Inventor Kosui Hiroyuki Futtsu Shintomi 20-1 Nippon Steel Corporation and technology development headquarters in

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A pyrolysis unit for pyrolyzing coal and / or carbonaceous raw material with a high-temperature gas, and char or coal and / or carbonaceous raw material generated in the pyrolysis unit are burned and supplied to the pyrolysis unit. A rapid pyrolysis facility connected to a gasification furnace for generating a high-temperature gas, wherein the coal and / or carbonaceous raw material is supplied to a supply section of the generated char to the gasification furnace when the rapid pyrolysis facility is started up. A method for starting a rapid pyrolysis facility, comprising charging and subsequently stacking seed chars prepared in advance.