JP2000039157A - Cooling and heating structure having water-permeable concrete surface layer - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a floor heating effect in the winter season and a floor cooling effect in the summer season by arranging a heat source in such a way that the source forms a prescribed route on the surface of a slab having a waterproofing surface and covering the whole body of the heat source with a water-permeable concrete surface layer. SOLUTION: After a water proofing layer 2 is formed on slab concrete 1, retaining concrete 3 is placed on the layer 2 so as to closely adhere the layer 2 to the slab concrete 1. Then a drainage ditch 12 is formed at the wall-side end section 3a of the concrete 3 and, at the same time, a water-permeable concrete surface layer 11 is constructed on the retaining concrete 3. Then a waterproofing protective sheet 5 is spread on the boundary between the surface layer 11 and concrete 3, and a circulating pipeline 13 is laid at prescribed intervals in the surface layer 11 so that an antifreeze solution may be circulated through the pipeline 13 as a heating medium.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cooling and heating structure having a permeable concrete surface layer, and more particularly to a cooling and heating structure having a permeable concrete surface layer which can be used in, for example, a walkway provided in a building facility.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art The Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS) stipulates a method for constructing a heating facility as electric heating equipment for floor heating of buildings and facilities. In this provision, roads,
A typical structural outline of a parking lot and a heating facility inside the building is shown. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of floor heating in which a heating wire or the like is laid on a part of the floor structure of a building to perform floor heating. As shown in the figure, in the standard floor heating 50, a heat insulating material 52 such as a foamed resin plate is laid on a concrete slab 51 having a predetermined thickness, and the heat insulating material 52 is further settled down with a holding mortar 53. The heating wire 54 is wired at a predetermined pitch,
Further, a floor structure is used in which the heating wire 54 is covered with a mortar 55 having a thickness of about 50 mm and the surface is finished. In this type of floor heating, the mortar 55 is heated by heat conduction from the heating wire 54 which is energized and generates heat, and the room 57 is warmed by heat radiation and convection from the heated floor surface 56.

On the other hand, a heating facility (road heating) for laying a heat source such as a heating wire inside a pavement such as an outdoor road or a parking lot to prevent snow and icing on the road surface is also widely used. In this type of road heating, the temperature of the road surface is raised by transmitting the heat of the heating wire embedded inside the asphalt or concrete pavement surface to the road surface, and the ice on the pavement surface and the accumulated snow are melted. I have. However, there is also a problem that water due to snow melting accumulates on the road surface and hinders traveling of vehicles and traffic of pedestrians.

[0004] In order to solve such a problem, the applicant has proposed a snow melting structure in which a heating element is buried inside the surface layer of the permeable concrete pavement, and the heating element melts snow on the road surface. (Japanese Patent No. 1770814). FIG. 9 is a schematic sectional view showing the permeable concrete pavement 60 having the snow melting structure. As shown in the figure, in the permeable concrete pavement 60, a permeable concrete surface layer 62 is laid on a subgrade 61 having a predetermined thickness, and a heating element is provided inside the permeable concrete surface layer 62 at a predetermined interval. 63
Has been laid. The heat from the heating element 63 melts the snow 64 on the permeable concrete pavement 60. The snowmelt water generated on the pavement surface is permeable concrete surface layer 6.
2, the water flows down as indicated by the arrow in the figure and penetrates deep into the roadbed work 61, so that the road surface can be drained quickly.
As a result, a comfortable road surface condition can be realized promptly after snow melting.

[0005]

By the way, in the floor heating 50 shown in FIG. 8, the heat generated from the heating element such as the heating wire 54 is transmitted to the floor surface 56 by the heat conduction in the concrete or mortar 55, and the floor is heated. It is known that since the whole is heated, the heating efficiency is relatively low and the power consumption is large. Further, in a floor structure in which water is sprayed on the floor surface, such as a circulating path of a greenhouse, a lobby of a hall, a corridor, and the like, if water accumulates on the surface, the heating efficiency is expected to further decrease.

On the other hand, in a case where a heating system is adopted in which a fluid such as antifreeze is circulated in a pipeline using a fluid such as antifreeze as a heat medium instead of the heating wire 54, the heat medium is cooled and adopted as a refrigerant, thereby reducing the floor space. There is also a desire to achieve partial cooling from the air. However, it is known that the cooling effect when the inside of concrete is cooled by heat conduction is extremely low.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and to provide an effect of floor heating in winter and floor cooling in summer in a floor structure in which water can be sprinkled in an indoor corridor or the like. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cooling and heating structure having a permeable concrete surface layer that can obtain the following.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a heat source disposed on a slab surface provided with surface waterproof means so as to form a predetermined path, and the entire heat source forming the predetermined path. Is coated with a permeable concrete surface layer.

At this time, the heat source is characterized in that a heat medium circulation pipe is laid so as to form a predetermined path.

[0010] The invention is characterized in that a heating wire is laid so as to form a predetermined path.

Further, the surface waterproofing means is provided with a predetermined water gradient toward an open end, and a part of water permeating the surface layer of the permeable concrete flows down on the surface waterproofing means to open the terminal. It is preferable that the water is collected in a drain provided at the end.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of a cooling and heating structure having a permeable concrete surface layer according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of a cooling and heating structure having a permeable concrete surface layer of the present invention. FIG. 1 shows a cooling and heating structure 10 constructed on slab concrete 1 on a predetermined floor in a building. A waterproof layer 2 is formed on a slab concrete 1 as a structural floor material. The waterproof layer 2 is made of a known roofing material or the like, and has a thickness of about 60 m so that the waterproof layer 2 is brought into close contact with the surface of the slab concrete 1.
m holding concrete 3 is cast. The end 3a near the wall of the holding concrete 3 is finished in an L-shaped upright shape, and the end 11a of the permeable concrete surface layer 11 is formed.
a is formed with a concave drain groove 12. The holding concrete 3 is applied to the drainage groove 12 at a predetermined water gradient.

In this embodiment, a permeable concrete surface layer 11 having a thickness of about 80 mm is constructed on the holding concrete 3. This permeable concrete surface layer 11
Is a non-structural member, and the permeable concrete surface layer 11
A waterproof protective sheet 5 is laid on the boundary between the lower presser 3 and the concrete 3. The permeation of water on the floor surface, which has permeated down the gap in the surface layer 11 of the permeable concrete, is blocked by the waterproof protective sheet 5, and the drainage grooves 12 on the waterproof protective sheet 5 near the wall are formed.
Led to.

Further, circulation pipes 13 are laid at predetermined intervals in the surface layer 11 of the permeable concrete. In this embodiment, the circulation pipe 13 has a diameter of 20 to 30 m.
m of steel pipe is used. The inside is filled with an antifreeze as a heat medium. This antifreeze is heated and cooled by the heater / cooler 20 (see FIG. 2) on the path, and can be circulated by sending the antifreeze from the distribution header 21 (see FIG. 2) for each path. . It is also preferable to use a synthetic resin pipe as the material of the circulation pipe 13.

Here, the cooling and heating operation of the cooling and heating structure 10 using the heat medium circulation system will be briefly described. As shown in FIG. 2, one heater / cooler 20
Is installed, and the temperature of the antifreeze solution can be adjusted by setting the temperature of the heater / cooler 20.

For example, in winter, the temperature of the antifreeze is set to an appropriate heating temperature by the warming / cooling machine 20, so that when the antifreeze circulates through the circulation pipe 13, heat conduction from a portion in contact with the permeable concrete causes water permeability. As the concrete warms up, radiant heat from the pipe surface is radiated upward through the voids in the permeable concrete. Then, the heat is supplied indoors such that the heat flows convectively from the permeable concrete surface 11a. As a result, the heating effect can be quickly and sufficiently increased as compared with the conventional concrete floor which is heated by heat conduction. Further, in the summer, by circulating the antifreeze cooled by the warming and cooling machine in the circulation pipe 13, the cool air having a temperature lower than the room temperature is radiated into the room, so that partial cooling from the feet can be achieved. Further, since the floor surface is made of the permeable concrete surface layer 11, it is used for a walkway or the like, and even when water is sprayed on the floor surface, a sufficient penetration effect is exerted, and puddles and the like cannot be formed on the floor surface.

FIG. 3 is a plan sectional view showing an example in which a heating wire 22 is laid in a permeable concrete table instead of the circulation pipe 13 shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, a power receiving / distributing facility 23 for supplying electricity from a power source (not shown) to the heating wire 22 is provided in the circuit. A heating wire of a known standard can be used as the heating wire 22. The heating wire 22 can be directly buried in the permeable concrete and is immersed in the seepage water, so that the heating wire 22 is covered with a sheath tube having a sufficient waterproof property. Further, instead of the heating wire, a belt-shaped waterproof heating sheet using a carbon heater or the like as a heating element can be used.

In the case of a heating structure in which the heating wire 22 is embedded, the surface of the water-permeable concrete layer 11 can be raised to a predetermined temperature by supplying electricity to the heating wire 22. By being directly heated, the gap in the permeable concrete rises, and is radiated as warm air from the floor surface, thereby efficiently convection in the room. Note that the wiring plan of the heating wire 22 shown in FIG. 3 is preferably set by performing a known heat balance calculation based on design conditions such as the structure of the target building, the ambient temperature, and the indoor set temperature. In addition, the heating scale is determined in consideration of whether the heating application is main heating or auxiliary heating.

FIG. 4 shows the circulation pipe 13 shown in FIGS.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a form of water treatment on a permeable concrete surface layer 11 when a heating wire 22 is used. When water is sprinkled on the floor for the purpose of humidification in winter, efficient evaporation of water is expected due to the heat rising in the voids of the permeable concrete, and the room is sufficiently humidified. on the other hand,
In summer, a partial cooling effect due to latent heat of vaporization can be expected.

As shown in FIG. 4, the water permeated into the water-permeable concrete flows on the waterproof protective sheet 5 at the bottom along the predetermined water gradient to the drain groove 12, as shown in FIG. The surplus water that is not flowed down the surface flows into the drain 12. At this time, a constant amount of water is always retained in the permeable concrete surface layer 11, so that the above-described effect of evaporating water can always be expected.

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing a modification in which a portion corresponding to the surface layer of the permeable concrete is constituted by a precast concrete block. As shown in the figure, an elongated panel-shaped permeable concrete block 15 is integrated with a circulation pipe 16 at a factory in advance, and is formed from an end of the concrete block 15 to an end 16a of the circulation pipe 16. It is protruding. The permeable concrete block 15 is arranged on the slab concrete 1 at the site in accordance with the piping plan, and the end piping is connected by a U-shaped piping 17 to complete the entire piping. At this time, the U-shaped pipe 17 is covered with cast-in-place permeable concrete. As a result, the steps of piping and concrete construction can be significantly reduced. If a precast concrete block (not shown) in which the U-shaped pipe 17 is embedded is manufactured, the construction time can be further reduced.

FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view showing a modified example in which the permeable concrete plate is a substantially square precast concrete block 15. The bottom surface of the block 15 is formed with a half-cylindrical groove 15a, and the circulation pipe 13 previously piped on the slab concrete (not shown) is sequentially arranged so as to be accommodated in the groove 15a. The entire area is laid. By using the permeable concrete block 15 having such a shape, the concrete block 15 can be laid in parallel from the place where the piping work is completed, and a series of operations up to the concrete laying can be speeded up. . In addition,
The groove formed on the bottom surface of the concrete block 15 has a straight shape and a cross shape. A straight portion is used in a general part, and a cross shape is used at a pipe intersection.

FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view showing a modification of the precast concrete block 15 shown in FIG. In the concrete block shown in FIG. 7, a heating wire 18 is wired in a substantially cross shape in each block. A heating structure is shown in which the heating wires 18 are connected to each other by a joint plug 19 between the blocks to conduct the heating wires 18 so that the heating wires 18 of each block 15 can be heated. As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the use of a precast concrete block plate allows partial heating in a small area, such as a home indoor green terrace or a simple snow melting entrance or terrace in a snowy area. It is possible to realize a cooling and heating device having permeable concrete in a place where the air conditioner is required.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a cooling and heating structure having a permeable concrete surface layer according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan sectional view of the cooling and heating structure shown in FIG. 1 taken along the line II-II.

FIG. 3 is a plan sectional view showing an example of a heating structure using a heating wire.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing one mode of water treatment in the cooling and heating structure.

FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view showing another embodiment of the cooling and heating structure.

FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view showing another embodiment of the cooling and heating structure.

FIG. 7 is a schematic perspective view showing another embodiment of the cooling and heating structure.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing an example of a conventional floor heating structure.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a snow melting structure of a conventional permeable concrete pavement.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Slab concrete 5 Waterproof protective sheet 10 Cooling / heating structure 11 Surface permeable concrete layer 15 Water permeable concrete block 13,16 Circulation piping 18,22 Heating wire

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A permeable concrete, wherein a heat source is arranged on a slab to which a surface waterproofing means is applied so as to form a predetermined path, and the entire heat source forming the predetermined path is covered with a permeable concrete surface layer. A cooling and heating structure with a surface layer. 2. A cooling and heating structure having a permeable concrete surface layer according to claim 1, wherein a heat medium circulation pipe is laid so as to form a predetermined path as said heat source. 3. The cooling and heating structure having a permeable concrete surface layer according to claim 1, wherein a heating wire is laid as a predetermined path as the heat source. 4. The surface waterproofing means is provided with a predetermined water gradient toward an open end, and a part of water permeating the surface layer of the permeable concrete flows down on the surface waterproofing means to open the terminal. The cooling and heating structure having a permeable concrete surface layer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein water is collected in a drain ditch provided at an end.