JP2000027144A - Hydrophilic revetment facilities - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide hydrophilic revetment facilities for avoiding inflow of massive rainwater into a water area in front of a revetment. SOLUTION: A revetment 3 is provided in the end part on the flowing water 2 side of a coastal hydrophilic area 5 which descends gently toward the flowing water side from the land side and a rainwater draining passage 8 (8a-8d) for leading rainwater to a prescribed position in the direction of a shore line is provided on the coastal hydrophilic area 5. It is preferable that at least one line of rainwater stop in the direction of the shore line is formed on the coastal hydrophilic area 5 and that the rainwater draining passage 8 is provided along the land side of the rainwater stop. It is preferable, moreover, that a rainwater reservoir 10 is provided at a prescribed position in the direction of the shore line.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a hydrophilic revetment facility, and more particularly to a facility having easy access to the waterside from land and closeness to a person on the waterside natural scenery (hereinafter referred to as hydrophilicity) and creating a waterfront. The present invention relates to a hydrophilic revetment facility capable of maintaining and developing a preserved biological habitat.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent revetment facilities, from the viewpoint of avoiding a separation between a living environment and a waterside, it is required to prepare a revetment having high hydrophilicity (hereinafter referred to as hydrophilic revetment). For example, in the case of the conventional upright revetment shown in FIG.
The height difference between the high tide water surface HWL and the low tide water surface LWL is, for example, about 3 m and 5 m, and the water surface HWL, LWL from the top 4
It is difficult to approach the waterside from land through the revetment 3 because the slope is almost vertical. Therefore, it can be said that the revetment 3 shown in FIG.

[0003] In order to enhance the hydrophilicity of the revetment 3, the water surface HW
Structural adjustments such as lowering the height of the revetment top 4 from L and LWL and making the slope of the revetment 3 gentle are required. From this point of view, construction of a gentle slope revetment is being promoted as a revetment having a structure that is more hydrophilic than conventional upright revetments. In addition, the hydrophilicity is often improved by gently inclining the area above the shoreline of the revetment and the area behind the revetment on the land side (hereinafter referred to as the coastal area) gently from the land side to the waterside.

Further, it is also possible to artificially create biological habitats such as rocky shores, sandy beaches, tidal flats and the like on the water area side of the revetment (hereinafter referred to as the front of the revetment) to inhabit various animals and plants, and to further enhance the hydrophilicity of the revetment. Proposed. The present inventors have developed a revetment with a tidal flat and a symbiotic type revetment that actively creates a biological habitat, and disclosed Japanese Patent Application Nos. 10-094373 and 10-0972.
No. 33.

[0005]

As described above, when a gently sloping coastal area is provided to enhance the hydrophilicity of the seawall, the area of the coastal area tends to be large. In a conventional hydrophilic revetment, rain that has fallen on a wide coastal area flows down in the direction of the revetment as it is, and a large amount of rainwater flows into a water area in front of the revetment, which is to be a habitat for living things.

However, for example, in the case of a seawall provided on a seashore, a large amount of rainwater, which is freshwater, causes a decrease in salinity in a sea area in front of the seawall, and there is a possibility that a living environment created in the sea area may be destroyed. Not only on the coast, but also in large quantities of cold rainwater in winter, the temperature of the water area in front of the revetment can be lowered, creating an environment unsuitable for habitat of living things. In other words, if a large amount of rainwater that falls on a wide coastal area flows down to the water area in front of the revetment as it is, it may adversely affect the biological habitat in front of the revetment, and may reduce the hydrophilicity of the revetment.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a hydrophilic revetment facility for preventing a large amount of rainwater from flowing into a water area in front of a revetment.

[0008]

1 and 2, a hydrophilic revetment facility 1 according to the present invention comprises a coastal hydrophilic zone 5 and a coastal hydrophilic zone which gradually descend from the land side to the flowing water side. 5
And a rainwater drainage channel 8 for guiding rainwater on the coastal hydrophilic area 5 to a predetermined position in the shoreline direction.

Preferably, at least one shoreline rainwater stop 9 (see FIG. 2A) is formed on the coastal hydrophilic area 5, and a rainwater drainage channel 8 is provided along the land side of the rainwater stop 9. . More preferably, a rainwater reservoir 10 (see FIG. 2B) is provided at a predetermined position in the shoreline direction.

[0010]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The hydrophilic revetment facility 1 of the present invention has a coastal hydrophilic area 5, a revetment 3 and a rainwater drainage channel 8. The coastal hydrophilic area 5 is a highly hydrophilic coastal area that gradually descends from the land side to the flowing water side. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the coastal hydrophilic area 5 has a terrace structure, and each step has a step of, for example, about 5 to 20 cm. However, the coastal hydrophilic area 5 is not limited to the structure of the illustrated example, and may be, for example, an inclined surface without a step.

The revetment 3 is provided at an end of the coastal hydrophilic area 5 which is in contact with the flowing water 2 and protects the coastal hydrophilic area 5 from erosion by the flowing water 2. Revetment 3 is at least at high tide water surface HW
It may be an upright revetment or an inclined revetment having a top 4 higher than L (see FIG. 3 (A)). When the top end 4 of the revetment 3 is low from the viewpoint of tide protection, a levee having a height required for tide protection can be provided in the coastal hydrophilic area 5.

As shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 3 (A), the tide barrier 21 can be provided by using the terrain behind the coastal hydrophilic area 5 or separately constructed as necessary. Is not essential to the invention. When the present invention is applied to a place where waves do not directly enter, such as an inland waterway, a seawall 3 and a coastal hydrophilic area 5 can sufficiently secure a height required for tide prevention.

The rainwater drainage channel 8 guides rainwater on the coastal hydrophilic area 5 to a predetermined position in the shoreline direction during precipitation. FIG. 1 shows a coastal hydrophilic area 5 provided with four rainwater drainage channels 8. FIG. 2A shows an example of a method of installing the rainwater drainage channel 8, which has four steps along the shoreline direction, and the lowest step is a step 6 a having the same height as the revetment top 4. The coastal hydrophilic area 5 is shown. A shoreline rainwater stop 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d is formed along the running edge of each step 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d, and each rainwater stop 9a, 9
Storm drainage channels 8a, 8b, 8 along the land side of b, 9c, 9d
c and 8d are provided.

The rainwater which is going to fall from the step 6a to the running water 2 in front of the revetment, and the lower steps 6a, 6 from the upper steps 6b, 6c, 6d
b, 6c
The rainwater dammed by a, 9b, 9c and 9d is successively guided to a predetermined position in the shoreline direction by rainwater drainage channels 8a, 8b, 8c and 8d. As will be described later, a rainwater reservoir 10 can be provided at a predetermined position for guiding rainwater. In addition, the predetermined position for guiding rainwater may be a nearby river, lake, marsh, water channel, or the like.
If there is no overflow of rainwater from the rainwater stop 9, FIG.
By the rainwater drainage channel 8 of (A), it is possible to prevent a large amount of rainwater from flowing from the coastal hydrophilic area 5 to the running water 2 in front of the seawall.

However, the rainwater drainage channel 8 of the present invention is only required to guide the rainwater in the shoreline direction.
Is not limited to the example. For example, each step 6 of the terrace structure of FIG. 2A may be gently lowered from the running water side to the land side, and the rainwater drainage channel 8 may be provided along the land side edge of each step. Further, the rainwater drainage channel 8 can be used as a drainage channel for a culvert.

According to the hydrophilic revetment facility 1 of the present invention, it is possible to prevent rainwater from flowing down from the coastal hydrophilic area 5 to the water area in front of the revetment, and to protect the biological habitat in front of the revetment from damage by rainwater and stably. It can maintain and promote the propagation and establishment of various organisms. By such symbiosis with waterside organisms, improvement of the hydrophilicity of the seawall facility 1 can be expected.

In this manner, the object of the present invention is to provide a "hydrophilic seawall facility for preventing a large amount of rainwater from flowing into the water in front of the seawall".

In the hydrophilic revetment facility 1 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2,
A rainwater reservoir 10 communicating with the rainwater drainage channel 8 is provided at a predetermined position in the shoreline direction, so that collected rainwater can be used. In addition, since the rainwater reservoir 10 has a biological habitat different from the water area in front of the revetment, a variety of biological habitats are created in the revetment facility 1 of the present invention together with the water area in front of the revetment, and the hydrophilicity of the revetment facility 1 is improved. Further improvement can be expected.

[0019]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIGS. 1 and 3A show the seawall 3 at high tide.
1 shows an embodiment of a hydrophilic revetment facility 1 according to the invention with an upright revetment having a top 4 slightly higher than the HWL. FIG. 3 (A)
The height difference La between the top 4 and the high tide water surface HWL is, for example, 0.3 m to 0.
3m as the height Lb, Lc, Ld from the low tide water surface LWL toward the land side is 3m,
The coastal hydrophilic area 5 which gradually increases to about 4 m or 5 m is shown. The top of the coastal hydrophilic zone 5 is set at a height required for tide prevention, and if necessary, a tide barrier 21 can be provided at the top of the coastal hydrophilic zone 5.

According to the low-end upright seawall 3 in the illustrated example, even a child can easily contact the water area in front of the seawall. In addition, the park provided on the top of the coastal hydrophilic area 5 away from the seawall or the top of the seawall 21 by the combination of the coastal hydrophilic area 5 gently descending from the land side to the flowing water side and the low-top erect seawall 3 It is possible to overlook the revetment 3 and the running water 2 ahead of the seawall from roads and roads, etc., and it is possible to improve the intimacy with people in the landscape. Expanding the field of view is also advantageous for water area management.

FIG. 4 shows that the mud and sand 1
6, an example of laying pebbles 17 and / or rocks 18 to create a biological habitat will be described. Masonry is the best seawall material for the seawall facility 1 of the present invention, and the joints of the masonry can be enlarged to be used as a biological habitat. However, even if the revetment 3 is made of concrete block, mud and sand
A biological habitat can be created by laying 16, pebbles 17, and / or rocks 18.

FIG. 4 (A) shows an embodiment in which mud, sand 16 and / or pebble 17 are laid in front of the revetment to provide a soil retaining construction 20,
FIG. 4B shows an embodiment in which a rock 18 is laid in front of the revetment.
Sand 16 and pebble 17 are sand crabs, squid, bivalves, colander,
It becomes a habitat for fish and the like, and the gap between the rocks 18 can be a habitat for fungus, crab and fish. Mud, sand 16, pebbles 17, and rocks 18 may be mixed and laid. In addition, by inhabiting plants such as aquatic plants, halophytes, and algae, the dissolved oxygen in the water area in front of the revetment can be increased by photosynthesis of the plants, and an effect of purifying the water area can be expected.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B, sand 16 or the like is laid so as to have a height of about the water level HWL at high tide. When descending from the land side to the running water 2 in front of the revetment over the revetment crown 4, even if the revetment crown 4 is low, it may be about 1 to 2m above the water surface at low tide.
By laying 16 or more above the average water level, it becomes possible to easily access the flowing water 2 from the revetment 3. Such a configuration in which the habitats are laid above the average water level also contributes to improving the hydrophilicity of the seawall. As shown in FIG. 4 (C), the front of the revetment can be stepped to facilitate access to the flowing water 2.

As described above, the revetment facility 1 of the present invention
By using the revetment 3 as a low revetment revetment and providing a biological habitat in the water area in front of the revetment, it becomes possible to create a high degree of hydrophilicity in a conventional gentle slope revetment with an upright revetment. In other words, the combination of the low crest seawall 3 and the gently descending coastal watershed 5 and the biological habitat on the front of the seawall make it easy to access the waterside like a gentle slope seawall, and create a natural scenery where the flowing water can be seen from afar. , And symbiosis with organisms can be achieved. However, the revetment facility 1 of the present invention is a low-top revetment 3
However, the present invention is not limited to the combination with the revetment, and a combination with a gentle slope revetment or another upright revetment is also possible.

Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 (B), by providing a rainwater reservoir 10 at a predetermined position for guiding rainwater, the seawall facility 1 of the present invention can provide various biological habitats different from the water area in front of the seawall. Can be added. That is, referring to FIG. 1, the rainwater accumulated in the reservoir 10 during rainfall gradually evaporates thereafter to form a dry area 13 in the reservoir 10. Since water is supplied to the dried area 13 from the rainwater residual area 14 or the rainwater drainage channel 8, the dried area 13 can be a biological habitat similar to a tidal flat around a lake or marsh, for example, a reed colony. Such rainwater residual area 14 and dry area
13 is adjacent to the tidal flat 15 in the water area in front of the revetment (Fig. 2
(See (B)) in conjunction with diversifying the biological habitat of the revetment facility 1 of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 2B, a plurality of rainwater reservoirs 10 can be provided at appropriate positions along the shoreline. In addition, a water channel 13 with a water gate 12 for communicating the reservoir 10 with the flowing water 2 is provided, and rainwater in the reservoir 10 can be discharged to the flowing water 2 as needed. As shown in the figure, as the position of the sluice gate 12, a position that has little effect on the biological habitat such as the tidal flat 15 in front of the revetment can be selected.

[0027]

As described above, the hydrophilic revetment facility of the present invention provides a coastal hydrophilic area that gradually descends toward the running water side, a revetment at the end of the flowing area of the hydrophilic area, and rainwater on the hydrophilic area. The rainwater drainage channel leading to a predetermined position in the shoreline direction has the following remarkable effects.

(A) Since rainwater is prevented from flowing down into the water area in front of the revetment, the living environment in front of the revetment can be protected from the effects of rainwater and can be stably maintained. (B) In combination with the low-top revetment, a high degree of hydrophilicity similar to that of a conventional gentle slope revetment can be created. (C) By providing a rainwater reservoir at a predetermined position for guiding rainwater, a seawall facility having a wide variety of biological habitats can be provided together with the water area in front of the seawall.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a rainwater drainage channel.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of an embodiment of the present invention using an upright revetment.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a biological habitat in front of a revetment.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 ... hydrophilic seawall 2 ... running water 3 ... seawall 4 ... seawall crown 5 ... coastal watershed 6 ... terrace 8 ... rainwater drainage 9 ... rainwater stop 10 ... reservoir 11 ... waterway 12 ... floodgate 13 ... dry area 14 ... rainwater Residual area 15 ... Tidal flat 16 ... Sand 17 ... Pebble 18 ... Rocks 19 ... Stairs 20 ... Soil protection 21 ... Side protection HWL ... High tide water surface LWL ... Low tide water surface HSL ... High tide shoreline LSL ... Low tide shoreline

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A coastal hydrophilic area gently descending from a land side to a flowing water side, a revetment provided at an end of the hydrophilic area on a flowing water side, and rainwater drainage for guiding rainwater on the hydrophilic area to a predetermined position in a shoreline direction. A hydrophilic revetment facility with roads. 2. The revetment according to claim 1, wherein the revetment is an upright revetment having a top slightly higher than the water level at high tide. 3. The revetment facility according to claim 1, wherein at least one rainwater stop in the shoreline direction is formed on the hydrophilic area, and the rainwater drainage channel is provided along a land side of the rainwater stop. A hydrophilic seawall facility. 4. The hydrophilic revetment facility according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a rainwater reservoir is provided at a predetermined position in the shoreline direction. 5. The hydrophilic revetment facility according to claim 4, further comprising a waterway with a floodgate communicating the rainwater reservoir with flowing water. 6. A hydrophilic revetment facility according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein rocks, pebbles, sand and / or mud are laid on a water bottom on a flowing side of the revetment as a biological habitat.