JP2000023913A - Dynamic vision examination instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To exactly perform a dynamic vision examination even for a testee who is apt to be late for a response reaction by providing a target non- presenting means for moving an inspection target up to a prescribed inspection location by a moving means and making the inspection target a non-presenting state and a setting means for changing and setting a location and a visual acuity value which make the inspection target the non-presenting state. SOLUTION: When a dynamic vision switch is pushed, a mode is set to an index stopping mode and a manual inspection is selected at the time of a dynamic vision examination, a moving control of a prism 12 is performed so that a target may approach toward a subject's eyes at apparent speed of 30 km/h after the prism 12 is moved so that a target distance may be 50 m, for instance, (visual acuity 1.6) by the control part 20. The kind of the target is determined at random by the control part 20. After an index is moved up to a selected visual acuity value (a prescribed distance), an illuminating light source 10 is turned off. At this time, a testee is made to verbally respond to a break direction of a Landolt ring target that the testee discriminates, the direction and a selected target direction are compared and dynamic visual acuity is inspected.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a dynamic visual acuity test apparatus for testing a dynamic visual acuity of an eye to be examined.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A dynamic visual acuity inspection device is known as a device for inspecting the appearance (moving visual acuity) of a moving object such as when driving a car. This type of device moves a test target such as a Landolt ring from a distance to a subject's eye at a predetermined speed,
When the subject can read the target, the subject presses a switch or the like, and the moving body visual acuity is measured based on the target position at that time.

[0003] In addition, this type of apparatus is generally of a manual type in which the examiner determines and inputs the correctness of the discrimination response of the subject's optotype and inputs the same. However, the subject can be discriminated. There has also been proposed an automatic target that responds to the type of the target (the direction of the cut of the Landolt ring) by an operation of tilting the joystick. This apparatus is an automatic apparatus by connecting an auxiliary unit having a voice guide function and a joystick for instructing a subject on how to perform a test to a manually configured test apparatus.

[0004]

However, when the target and the type of the target can be simultaneously responded by the joystick operation as described above, the joystick of the subject can be determined despite the target being determined. If the response of the operation is delayed, the test target moves accordingly,
Accurate measurement results cannot be obtained.

[0005] Even in the case of a hand-operated device, when the subject operates the switch when the optotype can be read, the response of the switch tends to be delayed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to provide a device which can obtain more accurate measurement results even for a subject whose response response tends to be delayed.

[0007]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is characterized by having the following configuration.

(1) A moving object which has moving means for moving an examination target presented to the subject's eye from a distance toward the subject's eye, and measures moving subject visual acuity based on the position of the target when the subject can read. In the visual acuity test apparatus, the test target is moved to a predetermined test position by the moving unit to make the test target non-presentation state, and the test target is made non-present state by the target non-presentation unit. Setting means for changing and setting the position or the visual acuity value.

(2) The dynamic visual acuity inspection apparatus of (1) includes an illumination light source for illuminating a target to present the target, and the target non-presenting means turns off the illumination light source to turn off the illumination light source. The test target is set to a non-presentation state.

(3) The moving means of (1) optically moves the test target presented to the eye to be examined.

(4) The dynamic visual acuity test of (1) further comprises a response input means for inputting a response of a result of interpretation by the subject.

(5) The control means according to (4) is a program for changing and setting the position or visual acuity value of the test optotype in the non-presentation state based on the input by the response input means and the type of the test optotype. It has at least one of the programs to be changed and set.

(6) In the dynamic visual acuity test of (4),
An input position detecting unit for obtaining the position (visual acuity) of the test target based on an input signal from the response input unit even before the non-presentation state is provided.

(7) In the dynamic visual acuity test of (4),
The response input means is a means to be input by the subject himself / herself after the test target is in the non-presentation state.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the appearance of the device of the embodiment.

Reference numeral 1 denotes an apparatus main body, and reference numeral 2 denotes an inspection window for a subject to look into the apparatus and observe an inspection target presented in a housing by an optical system described later. On the side surface of the apparatus main body 1, an operation panel 3 for performing a type of examination (moving visual acuity examination, still visual acuity examination), an examination method, setting conditions, inputting an incorrect answer, and the like is arranged.

An operation section operated by a subject is provided integrally with the housing of the apparatus main body 1 on the front side of the lower portion of the apparatus main body 1. Reference numeral 4 denotes a response button to be pressed when a test target presented in a dynamic visual acuity test (in the embodiment, a Landolt ring target is used) is pressed. Stops and disappears. Also, it is used when a visual target cannot be determined during a static visual acuity test. The same response button 4 is provided on the left and right sides of the joystick 5 so that the examiner can respond with a right-handed person, a left-handed person, or the like who can easily operate.

The joystick 5 is used in an automatic inspection mode in which the subject performs an inspection by himself / herself. By tilting the joystick 5 in the same direction as the direction of the cut of the Landolt ring optotype determined by the subject (tilting in the front, rear, left and right directions), a response can be input. Reference numeral 6 denotes a start button used when the subject starts an examination in the automatic examination mode.
Reference numeral 7 denotes a volume knob for adjusting the volume of the voice guide. The voice of the voice guide is generated by a speaker 9 arranged inside the apparatus main body 1.

Reference numeral 8 denotes a printer that prints out inspection results.
Reference numeral 10 denotes an opening / closing door, in which a speed changeover switch capable of changing an apparent speed of the target is built in, so that the speed can be changed every 20 km / h between 20 km / h and 60 km / h. Has become. It is usually set at 30 km / h.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the main parts of the optical system and control system of the apparatus. Reference numeral 10 denotes an illumination light source for illuminating a target provided on the target plate 11. On the optotype plate 11, four types of Landolt ring optotypes (having cuts at the top, bottom, left and right) are arranged concentrically, and the optotype is selected by rotating the rotating device 21.

When the illumination light source 10 is turned on, the target on the target plate 11 is illuminated, and the target luminous flux from the target plate 11 is reflected by the prism 12, passes through the lens group 13, is reflected by the mirror 14, and becomes a lens group. Go to 15. The lens groups 13 and 15 are arranged to form an afocal system, and the distance between the lens groups 13 and 15 is the sum of the focal length of the lens group 13 and the focal length of the lens group 15.

The light beam that has passed through the lens group 15 is
6 is incident. The prism 16 divides the incident light beam into right and left, and reflects the optotype light beam by mirrors 17R and 17L (which are on the back side of the paper surface and is omitted in the drawing) to the right and left eyes of the subject. Make it incident.

In this optical system, the subject's eye E sees a virtual image of a target located farther from the actual distance from the subject's eye to the target.

The prism 12 is moved by the moving device 22, and the distance between the subject's eye and the target can be optically changed from 50 m to 3 m. Optotype 1
1 is designed such that the visual acuity value is 1.6 when the distance between the subject's eye and the visual target is 50 m, 1.0 when the distance is 30 m, and 0.1 when the distance is 3 m. Have been.

Reference numeral 18 denotes a protective glass disposed on the inspection window 2, one for each of the mirrors 17R and 17L. Further, when performing the one-eye inspection, a shutter (not shown) is inserted into the optical path before the protective glass 18.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a control unit of the apparatus.
The response button 4 and the joystick 5 provided on the operation unit for the examiner are connected. The control unit 20 controls the lighting of the illumination light source 10 and the rotation device 2 based on the signals input thereto.
1. The operation of the moving device 22 and the voice guide generator 23 is controlled.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a switch configuration of the operation panel 3. As shown in FIG. Reference numeral 30 denotes an inspection method changeover switch. The inspection method includes an automatic inspection mode in which the examiner can operate without the need for the examiner (operator) by operating the examinee with a voice guide, and the examiner gives instructions, sets conditions, and answers incorrectly. There are three types of modes: a manual inspection mode in which input and the like are performed, and a semi-automatic inspection mode in which the apparatus performs instructions and setting of conditions for the inspection procedure and the examiner inputs only the response of the subject. Semi-automatic inspection mode
This is effective when the examinee is an elderly person and it is difficult to operate according to the voice guide, and the examiner is unfamiliar with the operation.

Reference numeral 31 denotes a selection switch for selecting an eye (left, right, both eyes) to be inspected, and reference numeral 32 denotes a switch for selecting and starting a static visual acuity test. Reference numeral 33 denotes a visual acuity value switch for selecting a visual acuity value when examining a static visual acuity, and is selectable in 16 steps from a visual acuity value of 0.1 to 1.6. The selected visual acuity value is displayed on the display 33a. Reference numeral 35 denotes an optotype selection switch for selecting the type of Landolt ring optotype to be presented at the time of the static visual acuity test.
There are two switches. The type of the selected target is a lamp 35 provided corresponding to the four switches.
You can know it by lighting a. Three
Reference numeral 6 denotes an input switch for an incorrect answer. Reference numeral 34 denotes a switch for selecting and starting a dynamic visual acuity test. Reference numeral 37 denotes a lamp 37a for displaying the number of tests performed during a dynamic visual acuity test.
And a display unit having a display 37b on which the visual acuity value is displayed. Reference numeral 38 denotes a print switch. Reference numeral 40 denotes an optotype stop mode switch (to be described later) for turning off the optotype when the test optotype is set to a predetermined visual acuity value (predetermined distance) in advance in a dynamic visual acuity test. When selected, the lamp 41 is turned on.

The operation of the apparatus having the above configuration will be described. First, the operation when the optotype stop mode switch is not used will be described for each test mode.

<Manual Inspection Mode> A manual inspection mode is set using the inspection method switch 30. In this mode, the examiner operates the apparatus and individually selects the static visual acuity test and the dynamic visual acuity test.

(A) Still visual acuity test The subject is instructed to look into the inside of the apparatus from the measurement window 2, and the eye to be tested is selected by the switch 31. When the static visual acuity test is selected by the static visual acuity switch 32, the visual acuity value is selected by operating the visual acuity value switch 33, and the direction (type) of the visual target is selected by the four visual target switches of the visual target selection switch unit 35. . The control unit 20 rotates the optotype plate 11 to place the selected optotype on the optical path, and controls the prism 12 so that the optical distance of the optotype illuminated by the illumination light source 10 corresponds to the specified visual acuity value. To move.

In this state, the examiner proceeds with the examination while asking the examinee whether the direction of the cut of the optotype can be determined. The test is performed while changing the visual acuity value and the type of the visual target, and if two or more correct answers out of three are obtained with the same visual acuity value visual target, it is determined that the visual acuity exists.

(B) Dynamic Visual Acuity Inspection When the dynamic visual acuity switch 34 is pressed, the control unit 20 controls the prism 12 so that the visual target distance becomes 50 m (visual acuity 1.6).
Then, the movement of the prism 12 is controlled so that the optotype approaches the eye to be examined at an apparent speed of 30 km / h. The target type is randomly determined by the control unit 20, and the type can be confirmed by turning on the lamp 35a.

The subject presses the response button 4 when the target can be identified while observing the incoming target. When the response button 4 is pressed, the control unit 20 immediately sets the prism 1
While stopping the movement of No. 2, the illumination light source 10 is turned off to make the target invisible. After pressing the response button 4 to the subject,
Orally answer the direction of the Landolt Ring Mark. If the direction of the optotype answered by the subject is different from the direction of the optotype where the selection lamp 35a is lit, it is a wrong answer, so the wrong answer input switch 36 is pressed to check the wrong answer. When the wrong answer input switch 36 is pressed, the measurement result at that time is not recorded, and the same inspection is performed again.
In this way, only the correct answers are counted and a total of 5
When the tests are completed, the average visual acuity is displayed on the display unit 37, and the dynamic visual acuity test ends. The inspection result is printed out from the printer 8 by pressing the print switch 38.

<Automatic inspection mode> An automatic inspection mode is set by using the inspection method changeover switch 30. In this mode, it is programmed so that a static visual acuity test and a dynamic visual acuity test are sequentially performed.

When the automatic inspection mode is selected, the control unit 20
Moves the prism 12 so as to present a target having a visual acuity of 0.1. The subject places his or her eyes on the examination window 2 and presses the start button 6 to start the examination. The control unit 20 uses the voice guide generation unit 23 to instruct the subject to perform an inspection procedure by voice from the speaker 9. In order to confirm whether or not the subject is ready for the examination, the apparatus instructs the joystick 5 to be depressed when the visual target (visual acuity: 0.1) is seen by the voice guide. When the subject defeats the joystick 5,
The control unit 20 first executes a still vision test program.

The control unit 20 moves the prism 12 so that the visual acuity of the visual target becomes 0.5, and instructs the joystick 5 to be tilted in the direction when the visual target direction can be determined by voice guidance. When the target direction cannot be determined, an instruction is given to press the response button 4.

The subject responds with the joystick 5 or the response button 4 for the discrimination of the target. If the direction in which the joystick 5 is tilted is correct, the control unit 20 increases the visual acuity by one step (0.6). If it cannot be determined or if it is incorrect, the visual acuity of the target is lowered by one level (0.4). If it cannot be discriminated by raising the visual level by one step, the visual acuity is returned to the visible level, and the direction of the visual target is changed to continue the test. If there is a correct answer twice or more with the same visual acuity target, the control unit 20 determines that the visual acuity is present.

When the static visual acuity test is completed, the process proceeds to a dynamic visual acuity test. In the dynamic visual acuity test, a practice test is performed twice so that the subject can be used to the operation, and then the test is performed. The control unit 20 informs the subject that the main test will be performed until the correct answer is performed five times by voice guidance, and instructs the response button 4 to be pressed when the direction of the optotype can be determined.

After the instruction by the voice guide, the control unit 20 moves the prism 12 as in the case of the manual examination, and moves the optotype closer to the eye to be examined. When the subject determines the direction of the target and presses the response button 4, the control unit 20 stops the target (stops the movement of the prism) and simultaneously turns off the illumination light source 10 to make the target invisible. Thereafter, the subject is instructed by the voice guide to tilt the joystick 5 in the direction of the target. The subject first responds with the response button 4 that the target can be determined, and then can respond with a joystick 5 the direction (type) of the determined target with a margin. Since the movement of the optotype has already been stopped by the first input signal of the response button 4, there is no effect on the test result even if the test subject's operation response of the joystick 5 is delayed or the operation is troublesome. In addition, since the direction of the target can be answered later, the mental burden on the subject is small. Therefore, a more accurate test result can be obtained as compared with the case where the optotype determination and the direction response are simultaneously performed by operating the joystick 5.

When the total number of correct answers reaches five, a voice guide informs the end of the check, and the printer 8 automatically prints out the check data.

<Semi-automatic inspection> Inspection method changeover switch 30
Set to semi-automatic inspection mode using. In this mode, when the subject responds according to the voice guide, both the static visual acuity test and the dynamic visual acuity test are automatically performed in the same procedure as in the automatic test mode. Instead of using the joystick 5, the examiner verbally inputs the information. This input is performed by the optotype selection switch unit 35 (a wrong answer input switch 36 is used for an answer that the user does not understand). The control unit 20 determines right or wrong based on the input signal of the switch.

In the dynamic visual acuity test described above, the test subject responds to the response button 4 to the effect that the subject has been able to determine the target. It is also possible.

In the case of a subject whose response to the operation itself tends to be delayed, a more accurate test can be performed by performing a dynamic visual acuity test using the switch 40 in the target stop mode. Hereinafter, the inspection operation in this mode will be described focusing on differences from the above-described inspection.

When the user turns on the switch 40 to set the optotype stop mode and selects the manual test, first, similarly to the static visual acuity test, the user selects the visual acuity value by operating the visual acuity value switch 33. The direction (type) of the target is selected by the four target switches. Thereafter, the moving object visual acuity switch 34 is pressed to move the optotype from the initial position. When the control unit 20 moves the optotype to a predetermined visual acuity value (a predetermined distance) specified by the visual acuity value switch 33, the control unit 20 turns off the illumination light source 10. As with the static vision test,
Ask the target to respond verbally to the target. Then, depending on whether the response is correct or not, the examiner examines the dynamic visual acuity when the maximum visual acuity is obtained while changing the visual acuity value and the type of the target.

In the automatic test mode, the stop position of the target (the visual acuity value at which the target is turned off) and the type of the target are controlled by a program of the control unit 20. The initial visual acuity value starts from, for example, 0.5. The subject responds by tilting the joystick 5 with the interpretation result after the moving target disappears. If it cannot be read, a message to the effect that reading is impossible is input by the response switch 4 (instructed in advance by a voice guide). The control unit 20 determines right or wrong based on the input response signal, and determines the visual acuity value of the target to be presented next based on the result. If a predetermined number of validity are obtained with the same visual acuity value, the test is terminated if the visual acuity is present (the procedure may be similar to that of the static visual acuity test in the automatic test mode described above).

Further, in the semi-automatic examination mode, the presenting position of the target is automatically determined in the same procedure as in the above-mentioned automatic examination mode, and the examination is advanced, but the response of the target determination is not performed by the joystick 5 or the like. The examiner verbally inputs the information.

As described above, in the dynamic visual acuity test in the optotype stop mode, instead of determining the moving position (acuity value) of the optotype based on the input signal of the response operation of the subject, the optotype is moved to the predetermined optotype value (acuity value). Since the inspection is performed with the target light beam turned off when the target is moved to a predetermined distance), an accurate result can be obtained regardless of the reaction ability of the subject. In addition, an examinee who responds quickly may perform an examination by operating only the joystick as in the related art.

[0049]

As described above, according to the present invention,
A more accurate measurement result can be obtained even for a subject whose response operation tends to be delayed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an appearance of an apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an optical system and a control system.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing details of an operation panel.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Main body 3 Operation panel 4 Response button 5 Joystick 6 Start button 8 Printer 9 Speaker 11 Optotype plate 12 Prism 20 Control part 22 Moving device 40 Optotype stop switch

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A moving object visual acuity having moving means for moving an examination target presented to an examinee's eye from a distance toward the examinee's eye, and measuring a moving object's visual acuity based on the position of the target when the subject can read. In an inspection apparatus, a target non-presentation unit that moves the test target to a predetermined test position by the moving unit and sets the test target in a non-presentation state by the target non-presentation unit; Or a setting means for changing and setting a visual acuity value. 2. The dynamic visual acuity inspection apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising an illumination light source for illuminating an optotype to present the optotype, wherein the optotype non-presentation means turns off the illumination light source to perform the inspection. A dynamic visual acuity test apparatus characterized by setting a target to a non-presentation state. 3. The dynamic visual acuity test apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the moving means optically moves the test target presented to the eye to be examined. 4. The dynamic visual acuity test apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a response input unit for inputting a response of the interpretation result by the subject. 5. A program for changing and setting a position or a visual acuity value of the test target in a non-presentation state based on an input by the response input device, and changing the type of the test target. A dynamic visual acuity testing device having at least one of a program to be set. 6. The dynamic visual acuity test according to claim 4, further comprising an input position detecting means for obtaining a position (visual acuity) of the test target by an input signal from the response input means even before the non-presentation state. Characteristic visual acuity testing device. 7. The dynamic visual acuity test apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the response input means is a means to be input by the subject himself / herself after the test optotype is in a non-presentation state.