JP2000021093A - Data recording device and recording method data reproducing device and reproducing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase operation speed of change processing performed when a defective sector is detected and to enable recording data without using capacity uselessly, when data is recorded in an optical disk. SOLUTION: When data is recorded in an optical disk, recorded data is divided into blocks corresponding to integral multiple of sectors of an optical disk, an error correction code is added for each block, data to which an error correction code is added is recorded making a fragment having the prescribed size corresponding to integral multiple of a block as a unit detecting whether a defect exists in a sector to be recorded or not. And when a defective sector is detected during recording data in a fragment, rerecording data to be recorded in the sector is performed in the succeeding sector in the fragment.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optical disc having a user data recording area for recording arbitrary data and a management data recording area for recording management data for managing the recorded data. The present invention relates to a data recording device and a recording method for recording data. Further, the present invention relates to a data reproducing apparatus and a reproducing method for reproducing data from such an optical disk.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Normally, when data is recorded on an optical disk, the data is reproduced immediately after the data is recorded, and it is determined whether or not the data has been reproduced correctly (verify). If there is a sector (defect sector) in which the recorded data cannot be reproduced correctly, the data to be recorded in that sector is recorded in another sector (alternate sector). Such processing is generally called replacement processing.

As such a replacement process, a linear replacement method is usually employed. In the linear replacement method, the area to be a replacement sector (replacement area)
Is determined in advance, and if there is a defective sector, the data to be recorded in that sector is recorded in a sector in the replacement area. Such a linear replacement method,
Since the replacement area is set in advance, there is an advantage that the management of the sector is easy.

[0004]

In the linear replacement method, when there is a defective sector, data to be recorded in that sector is recorded in a predetermined spare area. Therefore, in the linear replacement method, when there is a defective sector, reciprocal access from the defective sector position to the replacement sector position is required, and an access time corresponding to the access is required.

Heretofore, such access times have not been much of a problem. However, in recent years, optical disks have been used for applications requiring real-time processing, such as recording of video data.
The access time is becoming a problem.

[0006] As a technique of the above-described replacement processing that does not require access, a technique called a slipping method has been devised. In the slipping method, when there is a defective sector, data to be recorded in that sector is recorded in the next sector physically following the defective sector. In the slipping method, there is no need to access a predetermined replacement area unlike the linear replacement method.
The replacement process can be performed at a higher speed than in the linear replacement method.

However, in the slipping method, when there is a defective sector, the data to be recorded in that sector is recorded in the next sector physically following the defective sector. May be destroyed. Therefore, conventionally, when the slipping method is adopted, even if a sector subsequent to the defective sector is used as a replacement sector, it is attempted to record data so as not to destroy data that must not be erased. A larger recording area is required for the amount of data to be recorded. However, in this method, a recording area larger than the amount of data to be recorded must always be ensured, resulting in large waste of capacity.

The present invention has been proposed in view of the above-mentioned conventional circumstances, and allows a high-speed replacement process and records data without wasting capacity. It is an object of the present invention to provide a data recording device and a recording method which can perform the recording. Also, the present invention
It is another object of the present invention to provide a data reproducing apparatus and a reproducing method capable of reproducing data recorded in such a manner.

[0009]

A data recording apparatus according to the present invention comprises a user data recording area in which arbitrary data is recorded, and a management data recording in which management data for managing the recorded data is recorded. This is a data recording device for recording data on an optical disc having an area. And
The data recording apparatus according to the present invention includes: an error correction code adding unit that divides data to be recorded on an optical disk into blocks corresponding to an integer multiple of a sector of the optical disk and adds an error correction code to each block; And a defect detecting means for detecting whether or not there is a defect in a sector to be recorded, and recording data in a user data recording area of an optical disk in units of a fragment having a predetermined size corresponding to an integral multiple of a block. Data recording means for performing the operation.

When data is recorded in the user data recording area of the optical disk by the data recording apparatus, the data to be recorded is divided into blocks by an error correction code adding means, and an error correction code is added for each block, and error correction is performed. The data to which the code is added is recorded in units of fragments by the data recording unit while detecting whether or not the sector has a defect by the defect detection unit. If a defective sector is detected during recording of data in the fragment, re-recording of the data to be recorded in that sector is performed.
This is performed on the succeeding sector in the fragment. In addition, by performing the above-described re-recording, if the recordable area in the fragment is not an integral multiple of the block and only less than one block remains in the fragment when recording data, the block is In order to prevent division, the recording on the fragment is ended, and the data of the block that could not be recorded is recorded on the next fragment to be recorded next.

[0011] The data recording apparatus may include storage means for storing information on the defective sector when the defect detection means detects the defective sector. In this case, the data recording means records the information stored in the storage means in the management data recording area, for example, after a series of recording operations in the user data recording area are completed.

In the data recording device, the data recording means may record information on a fragment in which data has been recorded in a management data recording area after a series of recording operations on the user data recording area are completed. You may. Here, the information on the fragment in which the data is recorded includes, for example, information on the number of blocks or sectors recorded in the fragment.

The data recording method according to the present invention has a user data recording area in which arbitrary data is recorded, and a management data recording area in which management data for managing the recorded data is recorded. This is a data recording method for recording data on an optical disk. In the data recording method according to the present invention, when recording data in the user data recording area of the optical disc, the data to be recorded is divided into blocks corresponding to an integral multiple of a sector of the optical disc,
An error correction code is added to each block, and the data to which the error correction code is added is detected in units of fragments each having a predetermined size corresponding to an integral multiple of the block while detecting whether or not a sector to be recorded has a defect. Record as

If a defective sector is detected during the recording of data in the fragment, the data to be recorded in that sector is re-recorded in the succeeding sector in the fragment. In addition, by performing the above-described re-recording, if the recordable area in the fragment is not an integral multiple of the block and only less than one block remains in the fragment when recording data, the block is To avoid splitting,
After the recording on the fragment is completed, the data of the block that could not be recorded is recorded on the next fragment to be recorded next.

In the above data recording method, if a defective sector is detected during the recording of data in the user data recording area, information on the defective sector is stored, and a series of data is stored in the user data recording area. After the recording operation is completed, the information may be recorded in the management data recording area.

In the above data recording method, after a series of recording operations on the user data recording area is completed, information on a fragment in which data is recorded may be recorded on the management data recording area. Here, information on the fragment in which the data is recorded includes, for example,
Information about the number of blocks or sectors recorded in the fragment is included.

The data reproducing apparatus according to the present invention has a user data recording area in which arbitrary data is recorded and a management data recording area in which management data for managing the recorded data is recorded. This is a data reproducing device for reproducing data from an optical disk. Here, the optical disc to be reproduced is divided into blocks corresponding to an integral multiple of a sector of the optical disc, and data to which an error correction code is added for each block is divided into fragments of a predetermined size corresponding to the integral multiple of the block. Is an optical disc recorded in a user data recording area. The data reproducing apparatus according to the present invention includes a value indicating the fragment in which the corresponding data is recorded, and a value indicating the position in the fragment where the block in which the corresponding data is recorded is included. Data reproducing means for specifying an area in which data to be reproduced is recorded based on the logical address, and reproducing the data recorded in the area.

The data reproducing means reads, for example, management data recorded in a management data recording area before reproducing data recorded in a user data recording area. Then, by converting the logical address into a physical address of a sector of the optical disk based on the management data, an area in which data to be reproduced is recorded is specified.

Further, the data reproducing method according to the present invention has a user data recording area in which arbitrary data is recorded, and a management data recording area in which management data for managing the recorded data is recorded. This is a data reproducing method for reproducing data from an optical disk. Here, the optical disc to be reproduced is divided into blocks corresponding to an integral multiple of a sector of the optical disc, and data to which an error correction code is added for each block is divided into fragments of a predetermined size corresponding to the integral multiple of the block. Is an optical disc recorded in a user data recording area. The data reproducing method according to the present invention includes a value indicating the fragment in which the corresponding data is recorded and a value indicating the position in the fragment where the block in which the corresponding data is recorded is included. Based on the logical address, an area in which data to be reproduced is recorded is specified, and the data recorded in the area is reproduced.

In the data reproducing method, for example, before reproducing the data recorded in the user data recording area, the management data recorded in the management data recording area is read out, and based on the management data. By converting the logical address into a physical address of a sector of the optical disc, an area in which data to be reproduced is recorded may be specified.

[0021]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

First, an optical disk to be recorded and reproduced in the present invention will be described.

As shown in FIG. 1, an optical disc 1 to be recorded / reproduced in the present invention manages a user data recording area 2 in which arbitrary data is recorded and a data recorded in the user data recording area 2. And a management data recording area 3 in which management data for recording is recorded. The optical disc 1 has a recording layer that can be written by phase change recording, magneto-optical recording, or the like on a disk substrate on which a track guide groove having a spiral or concentric structure is formed along a recording track. It is formed by means.

The recording tracks of the optical disk 1 are shown in FIG.
As shown in (a), it is divided into a plurality of sectors,
In each sector, a physical address indicating the position of the sector is recorded. In other words, a sector is a unit in which a physical address is set. The physical address is recorded in advance on the optical disc 1 by, for example, forming emboss pits on the disc substrate.

When applying the present invention, FIG.
As shown in (b), one or more sectors constitute one block. A block is a unit of error correction. That is, the data recorded on the optical disc 1 is
An error correction code is added for each block. In other words,
When the present invention is applied, data to be recorded on the optical disc 1 is divided into blocks corresponding to an integral multiple of a sector of the optical disc 1, and an error correction code is added to each block.

These blocks are composed of an error correction code (ECC: Error Correction Code).
Since e) is a unit to be added, these blocks will be referred to as ECC blocks in the following description. EC
For the C block, it is preferable to configure one ECC block with a plurality of sectors in consideration of a balance between effective use of a recording area and error correction accuracy. However, one sector should form one ECC block. Is also possible. When one ECC block is constituted by one sector, the sector and the ECC block match.

When applying the present invention, FIG.
As shown in (1), a structure called a fragment using one or more ECC blocks as one management unit is introduced. The fragment is a recording unit when recording data in the user data recording area of the optical disc 1. That is, when data is recorded in the user data recording area, data is recorded in units of fragments of a predetermined size corresponding to an integral multiple of a block. When data is reproduced from the user data recording area, the data is reproduced in units of a fragment having a predetermined size corresponding to an integral multiple of a block.

Here, each fragment is composed of a continuous series of sectors, and data in the fragment is continuously recorded in a series of sectors. Therefore, in the fragment, the seek operation of the sector is unnecessary, and a very high data transfer rate is guaranteed. If the size of the fragment is too large, the unit of recording / reproduction becomes coarse and the usability deteriorates. On the other hand, if the fragments are too small, the data to be recorded will be spread over a large number of fragments, and the frequency of the seek operation of the sector will increase, and as a result, the data transfer rate will decrease. Therefore, the size of the fragment is preferably set in consideration of these balances.

The management data recording area 3 of the optical disk 1
Records management data for managing data recorded in the user data recording area 2. Here, the management data includes, for example, sector information and user data management information.

Among the information included in the management data, the sector information is information on the sector. For example, information on a sector that cannot be recorded and reproduced normally (ie, a defective sector) is registered. That is, when a defective sector is detected, for example, position information (for example, a physical address) of the defective sector is registered in the sector information. At the time of recording and reproduction, recording and reproduction are performed by skipping defective sectors based on the sector information.

Before the optical disk 1 is used, the presence or absence of a defective sector may be checked in advance, and information on the found defective sector may be registered in advance in the sector information of the management data. Such processing is generally called initialization processing. By performing the initialization process, an initial defect can be found in advance, and the possibility of encountering a defective sector during recording can be reduced.

When replacement processing is performed by the linear replacement method, when a defective sector is encountered during recording, reciprocal access from the defective sector position to the replacement sector position is required, and the recording rate is significantly reduced. Therefore, when the replacement process is performed by the linear replacement method, it is strongly desired to reduce the possibility of encountering a defective sector during recording as much as possible. Therefore, when performing the replacement process by the linear replacement method, it is usual to perform the initialization process.

However, when the capacity of the optical disc 1 is large,
It takes a lot of time to inspect the presence or absence of a defective sector over the entire recording area in advance. Therefore, especially when the capacity of the optical disc 1 is large, it is preferable that the initialization process is not required. Then, in the present invention, as will be described in detail below, a replacement process at the time of data recording is performed by a slipping method. Therefore, even if a defective sector is encountered during recording, the recording rate does not drop significantly. Therefore, when the present invention is applied,
Even if the initialization processing is not performed, there is no particular problem. In other words, the present invention also has an effect that it is not necessary to perform the initialization process having a long time especially when the capacity of the optical disc 1 is large.

Further, among the information included in the management data,
The user data management information is information for managing data recorded in the user data recording area.

Specifically, the user data management information includes:
For example, information on fragments is registered. That is, the data recorded in the user data recording area is recorded and reproduced in units of fragments, but information on those fragments is registered in the user data management information. Here, the information on fragments includes, for example, information on the physical address of the start position of each fragment, information on the number of blocks or sectors recorded in each fragment, and the like.

The user data management information includes, for example, of data recorded in the user data recording area,
Information indicating an area where the header information is recorded is also registered. That is, for example, an MPE
In the case where video data is compressed and recorded in accordance with G2 (Moving Picture Experts Group 2), information indicating the location where the header information is recorded is also registered in the user data management information.

In the optical disc 1, the recording location in the user data recording area includes, for example, a value indicating the fragment in which the target data is recorded and the value in the fragment in which the target data is recorded. It is specified by a value indicating the number of the ECC block (or a value indicating the number of the sector in the fragment). In other words, in the optical disc 1, if the fragment and the offset amount in the fragment are determined, the recording location in the user data recording area can be specified.

Next, the above-mentioned optical disk 1 is used as a recording medium.
A data recording / reproducing apparatus using the method will be described with a specific example. Note that the data recording / reproducing apparatus described here as an example is a data recording apparatus to which the present invention is applied, as well as a data reproducing apparatus to which the present invention is applied.

As shown in FIG. 3, the data recording / reproducing apparatus 1
0 includes a disk drive unit 11 that controls recording and reproduction operations on the optical disk 1 and a system unit 12 that controls an interface with the outside.

The disk drive unit 11 includes a drive controller 13 for controlling the operation of the disk drive unit 11, a spindle motor 14 for driving the optical disk 1 to rotate, and a recording / reproducing head 15 for recording / reproducing to / from the optical disk 1. Circuit 16 for controlling the operation of the spindle motor 14 and the recording / reproducing head 15
An address decoder 17 for reading a physical address from the optical disc 1, a defect detection circuit 18 for detecting a defective sector on the optical disc 1, an error correction circuit 19 for performing an error correction process, a modulation / demodulation circuit 20 for performing a modulation / demodulation process, A random access memory (RAM) 21 is a rewritable storage device, and a read only memory (ROM) 22 is a storage device in which data is stored in advance.

The system unit 12 includes a system controller 23 for controlling the operation of the system unit 12 and an encoding circuit 24 for encoding a video signal input from the outside.
A decoding circuit 25 for decoding video data reproduced from the optical disc 1, a seamless buffer memory 26 functioning as a shock-proof memory for video data when recording and reproducing video data, a transfer of video data to the seamless buffer memory 26, and the like. Controller 2 for controlling the
7, a remote controller receiving unit 28 for receiving a signal from the remote controller, and a data recording / reproducing device 1
And a random access memory (R), which is a storage device capable of rewriting stored data.
AM: Random Access Memory (30) and a read-only memory (ROM: ROM) which is a storage device in which data is stored in advance.
Read Only Memory) 31.

Disk drive unit 11 and system unit 12
Transmits and receives commands necessary for recording and reproduction processing between the drive controller 13 of the disk drive unit 11 and the system controller 23 of the system unit 12 via a predetermined command interface IF1 during recording and reproduction. The disk drive unit 11 and the system unit 12 establish a predetermined data interface IF between the error correction circuit 19 of the disk drive unit 11 and the memory controller 27 of the system unit 12 during recording and reproduction.
2, data to be recorded on the optical disk 1 or data reproduced from the optical disk 1 is exchanged.

Here, the data interface IF2
For example, SCSI (Small Computer System)
Interface) and ATAPI (AT Attachment with Packet)
Interface) is preferable. However, the data interface IF2 is not necessarily SCSI or ATAPI.
It doesn't have to be a generic interface like
It is only necessary that the data transfer capability be higher than the reproduction rate when reproducing data from the optical disc 1 or the recording rate when recording data on the optical disc 1.

Next, the operation of the data recording / reproducing apparatus 10 at the time of recording / reproducing will be described. In the following description, an example will be described in which data to be recorded / reproduced is, in particular, video data for which real-time processing is required. However, in the present invention, data to be recorded / reproduced is arbitrary. Yes, it goes without saying that data other than video data may be used.

First, a start-up process which is performed first when the optical disc 1 is set in the data recording / reproducing apparatus 10 will be described.

When the optical disc 1 is set in the data recording / reproducing apparatus 10, a signal for instructing the servo circuit 16 to drive the recording / reproducing head 15 and the spindle motor 14 is sent from the drive controller 13. The servo circuit 16 having received the signal from the drive controller 13 controls the spindle motor 14 and drives the spindle motor 14 to rotate at a predetermined rotation speed. Thus, the optical disk 1 is driven to rotate at a predetermined rotation speed. In addition, the servo circuit 16 controls the recording / reproducing head 15 to cause the optical disc 1 to perform focusing servo and tracking servo.

The recording / reproducing head 15 reproduces the data recorded on the optical disc 1 with the focusing servo and the tracking servo applied, and sends a reproduced signal to the address decoder 17. The address decoder 17
The physical address recorded on the optical disk 1 is read from the reproduction signal sent from the recording / reproduction head 15. The information on the physical address read by the address decoder 17 is sent to the drive controller 13 and the defect detection circuit 18.

The reading of such a physical address is always performed while the optical disc 1 is being driven to rotate, and information on the read physical address is sent to the drive controller 13 and the defect detection circuit 18 as needed. The data recording / reproducing device 10 refers to the information on the physical address read in this manner,
It is possible to access a desired sector at any time.

The drive controller 13 sends a signal for instructing access to an area of the management data recording area of the optical disc 1 where sector information is recorded, based on the information on the physical address sent from the address decoder 17. To the servo circuit 16. The servo circuit 16 having received the signal from the drive controller 13 controls the recording / reproducing head 15 so as to access the area of the management data recording area where the sector information is recorded.

The recording / reproducing head 15 reproduces the sector information recorded in the management data recording area of the optical disk 1 with the focusing servo and the tracking servo applied, and modulates and reproduces the reproduced signal.
Send to The reproduced signal sent from the recording / reproducing head 15 to the modulation / demodulation circuit 20 is demodulated by the modulation / demodulation circuit 20, and then subjected to error correction processing by the error correction circuit 19. Thus, the sector information is reproduced. And
The sector information is transferred to the random access memory 21 and stored in a system management information storage area secured in the random access memory 21.

The start-up process is completed as described above, and a signal notifying that the start-up process is completed is sent from the drive controller 13 to the system controller 23 via the command interface IF1.

Next, in the data recording / reproducing apparatus 10,
A process for recording video data in the user data recording area of the optical disc 1 will be described.

When recording video data in the user data recording area of the optical disk 1, first, the above-described start-up processing is performed. When a signal is sent from the drive controller 13 to the system controller 23 to notify that the start-up processing has been completed, the system controller 23
Sends a signal instructing the drive controller 13 to read the user data management information.

The drive controller 13 having received the signal instructing to read the user data management information,
Based on the information on the physical address sent from the address decoder 17, a signal is transmitted to the servo circuit 16 to instruct to access an area in the user data management information in the management data recording area of the optical disc 1. The servo circuit 16 having received the signal from the drive controller 13 controls the recording / reproducing head 15 so as to access the area of the management data recording area where the user data management information is recorded.

The recording / reproducing head 15 reproduces the user data management information recorded in the management data recording area of the optical disk 1 with the focusing servo and the tracking servo applied, and modulates the reproduced signal by the modulation / demodulation circuit 20.
Send to The reproduced signal sent from the recording / reproducing head 15 to the modulation / demodulation circuit 20 is demodulated by the modulation / demodulation circuit 20, and then subjected to error correction processing by the error correction circuit 19. As a result, the user management information is reproduced, and the user management information is sent from the error correction circuit 19 to the memory controller 27 of the system unit 12 via the data interface IF2. And the system unit 1
The user data management information sent to 2 is transferred to the random access memory 30 by the memory controller 27 and stored in the user data management information storage area secured in the random access memory 30.

Here, it is assumed that a recording instruction signal for instructing recording of video data on the optical disk 1 is input to the system controller 23. The recording instruction signal is transmitted from the remote controller, for example, when the user operates the remote controller, and the recording instruction signal from the remote controller is input to the system controller 23 via the remote controller receiving unit 28. Alternatively, the recording instruction signal is transmitted from the control panel 29, for example, when the user operates the control panel 29, and the recording instruction signal is input from the control panel 29 to the system controller 23.

The recording instruction signal is transmitted to the system controller 23.
, The system controller 23 sends a signal instructing the encoding circuit 24 to start encoding. Then, the encoding circuit 24 starts encoding the video signal input from the outside. At this time, the encoding circuit 24 performs, for example, video data compression corresponding to MPEG2 (Moving Picture Experts Group 2).

The video data encoded by the encoding circuit 24 is transferred to the seamless buffer memory 26 by the memory controller 27. Here, the seamless buffer memory 26 functions as a so-called video data shock proof memory.
This is to absorb the difference between the access time for the encoding and the encoding processing time by the encoding circuit 24.

Here, video data encoded by the encoding circuit 24 is stored in the seamless buffer memory 2.
6 sequentially. Therefore, if the video data transferred to the seamless buffer memory 26 is read out within a certain period of time and is not recorded on the optical disc 1, the seamless buffer memory 26 becomes full and is overwritten. In this case, video data is lost. Therefore, the data recording / reproducing apparatus 10 is required to perform high-speed data recording on the optical disc 1 so that the seamless buffer memory 26 is not full and video data is not lost.

The video data once transferred to the seamless buffer memory 26 is stored in the seamless buffer memory 2.
After buffering at 6, at the appropriate timing,
The data is read at any time by the memory controller 27 and sent to the disk drive unit 11 in ECC block units via the data interface IF2. At this time, the system controller 23 may add control information to the video data sent to the disk drive unit 11 as necessary so that the control can be easily performed during reproduction.

In parallel with sending the video data to the disk drive unit 11, the system controller 23
A recording instruction signal for instructing recording of video data on the optical disc 1 is sent to the drive controller 13 via the command interface IF1. At this time, information necessary for recording video data on the optical disc 1, such as a recording start address and a recording data size, is also sent to the drive controller 13 at the same time.

The disk drive unit 11 that has received the recording instruction signal and the video data records the video data in the user data recording area of the optical disk 1. At this time, the video data sent to the disk drive unit 11 is
An error correction code is added to each ECC block by the error correction circuit 19, and then a predetermined modulation is performed by the modulation / demodulation circuit 20. The recording signal subjected to predetermined modulation by the modulation / demodulation circuit 20 is sent to the recording / reproducing head 15. Then, the recording / reproducing head 15 that has received the recording signal records the video data in the user data recording area of the optical disc 1 while performing the focusing servo and the tracking servo.

At this time, recording of video data in the user data recording area of the optical disc 1 is performed in units of fragments. That is, for example, when erasing already recorded video data and re-recording new video data, all data in the fragment to be overwritten are rewritten.

Note that information on how the user data recording area is divided in units of fragments is included in the user data management information stored in the random access memory 30 of the system unit 12. And
This information is read from the random access memory 30 by the system controller 23 when video data is recorded on the optical disc 1,
Sent to Then, based on this information, the drive controller 13 controls the servo circuit 16 and the recording / reproducing head 15 and the like so as to record video data on the optical disc 1 in fragment units.

It should be noted that how the user data recording area is divided in units of fragments may be defined in advance. In this case, information on how the user data recording area is divided in units of fragments is stored in a read-only memory 22 provided in the disk drive unit 11 or a read-only memory 31 provided in the system unit 12. It may be stored in advance, and the information may be read and used as needed, or
The fragment information may be included in the physical address.

When recording on the optical disk 1 by the disk drive unit 11, when a servo error is detected by the servo circuit 16 during data recording, or when an address error is detected by the address decoder 17, A signal indicating that an error has been detected is sent to the defect detection circuit 18.

Upon receiving the signal indicating that an error has been detected, the defect detection circuit 18 outputs a defective sector detection signal indicating that a defective sector has been detected to the drive controller 1.
Supply 3 At this time, when the power of the laser beam irradiated on the optical disc 1 by the recording / reproducing head 15 is set to the recording power, the defect detection circuit 18 irradiates the recording / reproducing head 15 onto the optical disc 1. A signal for instructing to reduce the power of the laser light to the reproduction power is sent.

When a defective sector detection signal is sent from the defect detection circuit 18 to the drive controller 13, the drive controller 13 controls the servo circuit 16, the recording / reproducing head 15 and the like to perform a replacement process. At this time, the drive controller 13 performs the replacement process at the same time
Information about the detected defective sector is added to the sector information stored in the random access memory 21.
The drive controller 18 specifies the physical address of the defective sector based on the information on the physical address detected by the address decoder 17.

In the data recording / reproducing apparatus 10 to which the present invention is applied, the replacement process performed when a defective sector is detected as described above is performed by the slipping method.
That is, as shown in FIG. 4, when data is recorded for each sector, if a defective sector is detected, the data to be recorded in the defective sector is re-recorded in the succeeding sector. . That is, when a defective sector is detected, data is recorded by skipping the defective sector.

In the replacement processing by the slipping method, there is no need to access a predetermined replacement area unlike the linear replacement method, and the replacement processing can be performed at a very high speed, and a time delay corresponding to the defective sector occurs. Just keep recording. That is, by performing the replacement process by the slipping method, even if a defective sector is detected, data can be continuously recorded without substantially lowering the recording rate. As a result, even when real-time processing is required, such as recording video data,
We can cope enough.

When the replacement process is performed by the slipping method, re-recording to a sector adjacent to the defective sector may not be performed in time depending on the location of the defect, and may be skipped for two or more sectors. It goes without saying that the processing time is much shorter than the replacement processing by the linear replacement method, even if it is skipped over the sector.

By the way, in the conventional slipping method, when re-recording data in the next sector physically following the defective sector, there is a possibility that subsequent data which cannot be erased may be destroyed. However, this data recording / reproducing device 1
In the case of 0, data is recorded on the optical disc 1 in units of fragments, so that even if the slipping method is adopted in the replacement process, there is a problem that the subsequent data that cannot be erased is destroyed. There is no such thing.

That is, in the data recording / reproducing apparatus 10, when a defective sector is detected during recording of data in a fragment, re-recording of the data to be recorded in that sector is performed in a subsequent sector in the fragment. It is performed, but it is impossible that data that should not be erased is stored in the sector. This is because the data recording / reproducing apparatus 10 records data on the optical disc 1 in units of fragments, such as erasing already recorded video data and re-recording new video data. This is because, in such a case, all data in the fragment to be overwritten is rewritten.

Conventionally, a method has been devised which always secures a recording area larger than the amount of data to be recorded so as not to destroy subsequent data which cannot be erased when the slipping method is applied. However, this method wastes a lot of capacity. Also, in the replacement process using the linear replacement method, if the reserved replacement area is not used, the capacity is wasted. On the other hand, in this data recording / reproducing device 10,
By recording data in units of fragments, it is not necessary to reserve an area for the replacement sector in advance, and the capacity is not wasted. In other words, in the replacement process in the data recording / reproducing apparatus 10, the number of replacement sectors dynamically changes according to the defective sector, so that there is no waste of capacity.

The above replacement process is performed not only when a defective sector detection signal is sent to the drive controller 13 but also when a defective sector is known in advance. That is, when data is recorded on the optical disc 1, the drive controller 13 refers to the sector information stored in the system management information storage area of the random access memory 21 and deletes a defective sector registered in the sector information in advance. The above-described replacement process is performed by controlling the servo circuit 16 and the recording / reproducing head 15 and the like so as not to record data.

By performing the above-described replacement processing, the recordable area in the fragment is no longer an integral multiple of the ECC block, and the data is recorded in one piece.
There may be a situation where only a region smaller than the ECC block remains in the fragment. That is, a fractional sector less than the ECC block unit may remain in the fragment.

In such a case, the recording of the ECC block which has not been completely recorded is completed in the next fragment to be recorded next so that the ECC block is not divided. Record. That is, when a fraction sector is generated at the end of a fragment by performing the above-described replacement processing, data is not recorded in the fraction sector, and the inside of the fragment is completed with an ECC block.

For example, as shown in FIG.
ECC is added to the fragment F1 having an area for C blocks.
Blocks B1-1, B1-2, B1-3, B1-4, B
When trying to record 1-5 and B1-6, a defective sector was found in the fragment F1, and by performing the above-described replacement processing, a fraction sector less than the ECC block unit occurred at the end of the fragment. I do. At this time, the data is not recorded in the fractional sector, and the recording in the fragment F1 ends with the ECC block B1-5. Then, as shown in FIG. 5B, the ECC block B1-6 is recorded at the head of the fragment F2 to be recorded next. At this time, the ECC blocks B2-1 and B2-2, which were originally to be recorded in the fragment F2,
Are recorded after the ECC block B1-6.

When recording is performed in units of fragments as described above, the drive controller 13 outputs a signal indicating that the recording of one fragment has been completed at the boundary of the fragment, and an ECC block that has been recorded in the fragment. A signal indicating the number or the number of sectors is sent to the system controller 23.

Then, based on these signals, the system controller 23 updates the user data management information stored in the random access memory 30 as needed, or prepares the fragment for recording the next fragment. Or the correspondence between the ECC block and the ECC block.
That is, as described with reference to FIG. 5, when the replacement process is performed, the correspondence between the fragment and the ECC block may be changed. Therefore, the system controller 23 checks the consistency of those changes. Update the user data management information to take it.

When data is recorded in units of fragments as described above, the user data management information stored in the random access memory 30 of the system unit 12 is updated (that is, during the recording, When the defective sector is detected and the correspondence between the fragment and the ECC block is changed), the updated content of the user data management information is recorded on the optical disc 1 after the data recording in the user data recording area is completed.

That is, when the user data management information stored in the random access memory 30 of the system section 12 is updated, the system controller 23 sets the optical disk 1 after the end of data recording in the user data recording area.
Is sent to the drive controller 13 to instruct the drive controller 13 to rewrite the user data management information recorded in the management data recording area. Then, the drive controller 13 that has received the user data management information rewrite command controls the servo circuit 16 and the recording / reproducing head 15 and the like so that the updated contents of the user data management information are reflected. The user data management information recorded in the management data recording area is rewritten.

That is, after a series of recording operations to the user data recording area are completed, the disc drive unit 13
If necessary, information on the fragment in which the data is recorded is recorded in the management data recording area. It should be noted that the information on the fragment on which the data is recorded is, for example, information on the number of blocks or sectors recorded on the fragment.

When data is recorded in fragment units as described above, the disk drive unit 11
When the sector information stored in the random access memory 21 is updated (that is, when a defective sector is detected during the recording), after the recording of the data in the user data recording area is completed, The updated contents are recorded on the optical disk 1. That is, the disk drive unit 11
When the sector information stored in the random access memory 21 is updated, the drive controller 11 controls the servo circuit 16 and the recording / reproducing head 15 etc. after the end of the data recording in the user data recording area, The sector information recorded in the management data recording area of the optical disc 1 is rewritten so that the updated contents of the sector information are reflected.

Thus, the recording of data on the optical disk 1 is completed.

In the data recording / reproducing apparatus 10, the replacement process is executed only on the disk drive unit 11 side. If the replacement process is performed while exchanging data between the system unit 12 and the disk drive unit 11, the process requires a corresponding amount of time. On the other hand, in the data recording / reproducing apparatus 10, the replacement process is performed only on the side of the disk drive section 11 which controls the recording / reproducing operation on the optical disk 1 independently of the system section 12 which controls the external interface. Therefore, the replacement process can be performed at a very high speed.

That is, in the data recording / reproducing device 10, a portion that controls the recording / reproducing operation on the optical disk 1,
By separating the part that controls the interface with the outside and performing the replacement process only by the disk drive unit 11 that controls the recording / reproducing operation for the optical disk 1, the replacement process can be performed at a very high speed. It has become.

In the data recording / reproducing apparatus 10, the management of the user data management information (that is, the management of data in units of fragments or ECC blocks) sends information necessary for the management from the drive controller 13 to the system controller 23. , In the system unit 12. The management of the user data management information has more time in comparison with the replacement process, and there is no problem even if it is performed by the system unit 12. In this way, by managing the user data management information in the system unit 12, the load on the disk drive unit 11 can be reduced. In other words, processing that has a sufficient time, such as management of user data management information, is performed by the system unit 12 so that the processing capacity of the disk drive unit 11 can be reduced. Can be assigned more to processes requiring high-speed processing such as

Next, the flow of the recording process in the data recording / reproducing apparatus 10 as described above will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

When data is recorded on the optical disk 1 by the data recording / reproducing apparatus 10, first, in step S1, data is recorded on the optical disk 1. During the recording, whether a defective sector is detected in step S2 is checked. It is determined whether or not.

If the defective sector has been recorded without being detected, the process proceeds to step S3, where it is determined whether or not recording of all data has been completed. If data to be recorded still remains, step S1
Then, the process is repeated, and if the recording of all data has been completed, the recording process is terminated.

On the other hand, if a defective sector is found in step S2, the process proceeds to step S4. In step S4, the power of the laser beam applied to the optical disk 1 is reduced to the reproduction power. Thereafter, the process proceeds to step S5, and a replacement process is performed.

In step S5, the physical address of the sector is read, and it is determined whether or not the physical address of the sector can be read normally. Then, if the physical address cannot be read normally, the sector is advanced in step S6 and the process is repeated, and the sector is advanced until a sector in which the physical address can be read normally is found. That is, step S
In step 5 and step S6, the defective sector is skipped and the sector is advanced to a point where normal recording and reproduction can be performed.

When the sector has been advanced to the point where normal recording and reproduction can be performed, it is determined in step S7 whether or not an area equal to or more than one ECC block remains in the fragment to be currently recorded.

If an area equal to or more than one ECC block remains in the fragment to be recorded, the process proceeds to step S8, and the data recording is continued as it is. That is, in step S8, re-recording of data to be recorded in the defective sector is performed in the same segment. Then, after re-recording the data, the process returns to step S2 to repeat the processing.

On the other hand, if no area equal to or more than one ECC block remains in the fragment to be recorded at present, the process proceeds to step S9. In step S9, the ECC including the data to be recorded in the defective sector
The necessary data processing is performed so that the block is recorded in the next fragment to be recorded next. Here, the necessary data processing is, for example, a fragment and an ECC
This includes changing the correspondence with the blocks, updating the user data management information, and the like.

When the data processing required for recording on the next fragment is completed, the process proceeds to step S10. In step S10, the next fragment to be recorded next is accessed, re-recording of the ECC block including the data to be recorded in the defective sector for the next fragment is started, and thereafter, the process returns to step S2 to repeat the processing.

In the data recording / reproducing apparatus 10, by performing the recording process according to the above-described flowchart, the data is recorded in fragment units while the replacement process by the slipping method is applied.

Next, the data recording / reproducing apparatus 10
A process for reproducing video data recorded in the user data recording area of the optical disc 1 will be described.

Here, the object to be reproduced is the optical disk 1 described above, and data to which an error correction code is added for each block is recorded as user data in units of fragments of a predetermined size corresponding to an integral multiple of the block. Recorded in the area. When reproducing, the area to be reproduced includes a value indicating the fragment in which the corresponding data is recorded and a value indicating the position in the fragment where the block in which the corresponding data is recorded. Specified by the containing logical address.

Specifically, the logical address is composed of, for example, a fragment number and a value indicating the number of the ECC block (or sector). In the optical disc 1, since data is recorded in segment units, any location in the user data recording area can be specified and accessed by such a logical address. Therefore, when reproducing data from the optical disc 1, an arbitrary location in the user data recording area is specified by such a logical address.

Then, when reproducing video data from the user data recording area of the optical disk 1, the above-described start-up processing is first performed. When a signal is sent from the drive controller 13 to the system controller 23 to notify that the start-up processing has been completed, the system controller 23 sends a signal to the drive controller to instruct to read the user data management information.

The drive controller 13 which has received the signal instructing to read the user data management information,
Based on the information on the physical address sent from the address decoder 17, a signal is transmitted to the servo circuit 16 to instruct to access an area in the user data management information in the management data recording area of the optical disc 1. The servo circuit 16 having received the signal from the drive controller 13 controls the recording / reproducing head 15 so as to access the area of the management data recording area where the user data management information is recorded.

The recording / reproducing head 15 reproduces the user data management information recorded in the management data recording area of the optical disk 1 with the focusing servo and the tracking servo applied, and modulates the reproduced signal by the modulation / demodulation circuit 20.
Send to The reproduced signal sent from the recording / reproducing head 15 to the modulation / demodulation circuit 20 is demodulated by the modulation / demodulation circuit 20, and then subjected to error correction processing by the error correction circuit 19. Thereby, the user data management information is reproduced,
The user data management information is sent from the error correction circuit 19 to the memory controller 27 of the system unit 12 via the data interface IF2. Then, the user data management information sent to the system unit 12 is transferred to the random access memory 30 by the memory controller 27, and the random access memory 30
Is stored in the user data management information storage area secured in the.

Here, it is assumed that a reproduction instruction signal for instructing the system controller 23 to reproduce video data from the optical disk 1 is input. The reproduction instruction signal is sent from the remote controller, for example, when the user operates the remote controller, and the recording instruction signal from the remote controller is transmitted to the system controller 23 via the remote controller receiving unit 28.
Is input to Alternatively, the reproduction instruction signal is transmitted from the control panel 29 by, for example, a user operating the control panel 29, and the reproduction instruction signal is transmitted from the control panel 29 to the system controller 23.
Is input to

The reproduction instruction signal is transmitted to the system controller 23.
Is input to the drive controller 13, the system controller 23 sends a playback command to the drive controller 13 via the command interface IF1 to instruct playback of video data from the optical disc 1. At this time, the area where the data to be reproduced is recorded is specified by the logical address as described above. That is, the system controller 23 sends the above-described logical address to the drive controller together with the reproduction command in order to specify the area where the data to be reproduced is recorded.
As described above, the logical address here indicates a value indicating the fragment in which the corresponding data is recorded, and a value indicating the position in the fragment where the block in which the corresponding data is recorded is located. And are included.

The drive controller 13 having received the reproduction command controls the servo circuit 16 and the recording / reproduction head 15 and the like so as to reproduce the video data from the user data recording area of the optical disc 1 based on the reproduction command. At this time, the drive controller 13 refers to the sector information stored in the system management information storage area of the random access memory 21, and is sent from the system controller 23 to identify the reproduction target area based on the sector information. The logical address is converted into a physical address of a sector of the optical disk 1. Then, the area where the video data to be reproduced is recorded is specified by the physical address, and the reproduction is started from the sector of the physical address.

The signal reproduced by the recording / reproducing head 15 is subjected to a predetermined demodulation process by a modulation / demodulation circuit 20 and thereafter an error correction process 19 is performed by an error correction circuit 19 for each ECC block. The reproduction signal subjected to the error correction processing by the error correction circuit 19 is sent to the system unit 12 via the data interface IF2.

The reproduced signal sent to the system section 12 is transferred to the seamless buffer memory 26 by the memory controller 27. Then, the video data transferred to the seamless buffer memory 26 is buffered in the seamless buffer memory 26, read out by the memory controller 27 at appropriate timing, and sent to the decoding circuit 25. The decoding circuit 25 decodes the reproduced video data, converts the data into a predetermined video signal, and outputs the video signal to the outside. At this time, the decoding circuit 25 decodes, for example, video data compressed in accordance with MPEG2 (Moving Picture Experts Group 2).

Note that when decoding is performed by the decoding circuit 25,
If the period during which the data supply to the decoding circuit 25 is interrupted continues,
There is a risk that the video will be discontinuous. Therefore, the memory controller 27 reads out the video data from the seamless buffer memory 26 at an appropriate timing and supplies the video data to the decoding circuit 25 so that the period in which the data supply to the decoding circuit 25 is not interrupted continues.

By performing the above-described processing, the signal recorded in the user data recording area of the optical disk 1 is reproduced and output to the outside.

[0112]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the replacement process can be performed at high speed without wasting capacity.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of an optical disk to be recorded and reproduced in the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between a sector, an ECC block, and a fragment.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of a data recording / reproducing apparatus to which the present invention is applied.

FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining a replacement process by a slipping method.

FIG. 5 is a diagram for describing processing when a fraction sector occurs at the end of a fragment.

FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing a flow of processing at the time of recording.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 optical disk, 2 user data recording area, 3
Management data recording area, 10 data recording / reproducing device, 1
1 disk drive section, 12 system section, 13
Drive controller, 14 spindle motor,
15 head for recording and reproduction, 16 servo circuit, 1
7 address decoder, 18 defect detection circuit, 19
Error correction circuit, 20 modulation / demodulation circuit, 21 random access memory, 22 read-only memory,
23 system controller, 24 coding circuit, 2
5 decoding circuit, 26 seamless buffer memory, 2
7 memory controller, 28 remote controller receiving section, 29 control panel, 30 random access memory, 31 read only memory, IF
1 Command interface, IF2 Data interface

Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat II (reference) G11B 27/00 G11B 27/00 D (72) Inventor Yoshinori Matsumoto 6-7-35 Kitashinagawa, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo Sony F term in the company (reference) 5D044 BC02 CC04 DE03 DE12 DE62 DE64 DE68 5D110 AA14 BB04 DC15 DC28 DD13

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A data recording apparatus for recording data on an optical disc having a user data recording area for recording arbitrary data and a management data recording area for recording management data for managing the recorded data. An error correction code adding unit that divides data to be recorded on the optical disk into blocks corresponding to an integral multiple of a sector of the optical disk, and adds an error correction code for each block; Defect detection means for detecting whether or not a sector to be recorded has a defect; and data recording means for recording data in a user data recording area of an optical disc in units of fragments of a predetermined size corresponding to an integral multiple of a block. When data is recorded in the user data recording area of the optical disk, the data is recorded by the error correction code adding means. The data to be divided into blocks, an error correction code is added for each block, and the data to which the error correction code is added is fragmented by the data recording means while detecting whether or not the sector has a defect by the defect detection means. If a defective sector is detected during the recording of data in the fragment, the data to be recorded in that sector is re-recorded in a subsequent sector in the fragment, and If recording causes the recordable area in the fragment to be no longer an integral multiple of the block, and if less than one block remains in the fragment when recording data, the block may be divided. Recording of the fragment is completed so that there is no Data recording apparatus and recording the next fragment for recording on. 2. A storage means for storing information on a defective sector when the defect detection means detects a defective sector, wherein the data recording means completes a series of recording operations on a user data recording area. 2. The data recording apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the information stored in the storage unit is recorded in a management data recording area. 3. The data recording means according to claim 1, wherein after a series of recording operations in the user data recording area are completed, information on the fragment in which the data is recorded is recorded in the management data recording area. The data recording device according to the above. 4. The data recording apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the information includes information on the number of blocks or sectors recorded in the fragment. 5. A data recording method for recording data on an optical disc having a user data recording area for recording arbitrary data and a management data recording area for recording management data for managing the recorded data. When recording data in the user data recording area of the optical disk, the data to be recorded is divided into blocks corresponding to an integer multiple of the sector of the optical disk, and an error correction code is added to each block, and the error correction code is added. While detecting whether or not there is a defect in the sector to be recorded, the data added with is recorded in units of a fragment of a predetermined size corresponding to an integral multiple of the block, and during the recording of data to the fragment, When a defective sector is detected, re-recording of the data to be recorded in that sector is performed later in the fragment. In the case where the recordable area in the fragment is not an integral multiple of the block by performing the above-described re-recording and the area where less than one block remains in the fragment when recording data occurs, A data recording method for ending the recording on the fragment so that the block is not divided, and recording the data of the block that could not be recorded on the next fragment to be recorded next. 6. When a defective sector is detected during recording of data in the user data recording area, information on the defective sector is stored, and after a series of recording operations in the user data recording area is completed. 6. The data recording method according to claim 5, wherein said information is recorded in a management data recording area. 7. The data recording method according to claim 5, wherein after a series of recording operations in the user data recording area is completed, information on the fragment in which the data is recorded is recorded in the management data recording area. 8. The data recording method according to claim 7, wherein the information includes information on the number of blocks or sectors recorded in the fragment. 9. A data reproducing apparatus for reproducing data from an optical disk having a user data recording area for recording arbitrary data and a management data recording area for recording management data for managing the recorded data. The optical disc to be played back is divided into blocks corresponding to an integral multiple of a sector of the optical disc, and data to which an error correction code is added for each block is used to form a fragment of a predetermined size corresponding to an integral multiple of the block. An optical disc recorded in the user data recording area as a unit, a value indicating a fragment in which corresponding data is recorded, and a value indicating in which position in the fragment the block in which the corresponding data is recorded Based on the logical address containing the, the area where the data to be reproduced is recorded is specified. Data reproducing apparatus characterized by comprising a data reproducing means for reproducing the data recorded in the region. 10. The data reproducing means reads out management data recorded in a management data recording area before reproducing data recorded in a user data recording area, and reads the logical address based on the management data. 10. The data reproducing apparatus according to claim 9, wherein an area in which data to be reproduced is recorded is specified by converting the data into a physical address of a sector of the optical disk. 11. A data reproducing method for reproducing data from an optical disc having a user data recording area for recording arbitrary data and a management data recording area for recording management data for managing the recorded data. The optical disc to be played back is divided into blocks corresponding to an integral multiple of a sector of the optical disc, and data to which an error correction code is added for each block is used to form a fragment of a predetermined size corresponding to an integral multiple of the block. An optical disc recorded in the user data recording area as a unit, a value indicating a fragment in which corresponding data is recorded, and a value indicating in which position in the fragment the block in which the corresponding data is recorded Specify the area where the data to be reproduced is recorded based on the logical address containing Data reproduction method characterized by reproducing data recorded in the area. 12. Before reproducing the data recorded in the user data recording area, the management data recorded in the management data recording area is read, and the logical address is set to the physical address of the sector of the optical disk based on the management data. 12. The data reproducing method according to claim 11, wherein an area in which data to be reproduced is recorded is specified by converting the data into an address.