JP2000015227A - Refuse treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a refuse treatment apparatus which reduces the volume of various kinds of refuse containing garbage and others as main components inexpensively and hygienically in a short time and can deodorize the refuse. SOLUTION: In a refuse treatment apparatus 1 equipped with a fermentation tank 11, an aeration tank 12, a return route 13, an exhaust passage 14, and an air supply passage 15, the fermentation tank 11 has rotary blades 25 which mix refuse which contains a biostructure as a main component and is charged into the tank with aerobic microorganisms while crushing the refuse and transfer the mixture, the refuse from the fermentation tank 11 is mixed with water and air for aeration in the aeration tank 12, aerated sludge is transferred again to the fermentation tank 11 through the return route 13, gas generated in the fermentation tank 11 is discharged outside the tank through the exhaust passage 14, and air is supplied to the aeration tank 12 through the air supply passage 15.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for treating refuse mainly composed of biological tissue.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, while the amount of waste from homes, stores, factories, and the like has increased, regulations on the treatment of the waste have become strict from the viewpoint of preventing pollution. Therefore, how to treat waste is becoming a big problem for each local government and each company. The same applies to the treatment of garbage mainly composed of biological tissue such as garbage. If left untreated, it will not only be a source of foul odors, it is also unfavorable in terms of hygiene, and it is not easy to find a disposal place. It has been demanded. Heretofore, this type of refuse has generally been treated by burying it in the soil for decomposition or incineration.

[0003]

Among the above-mentioned methods for treating garbage, incineration causes problems such as air pollution due to soot and smoke. On the other hand, when garbage is buried in the soil and decomposed, there is an environmentally superior aspect of returning biological tissues to the ecosystem, but it is difficult to select a place for garbage disposal, There is a problem that it takes a lot of labor and it takes a long time for the buried garbage to decompose.

[0004] In view of such circumstances, the present inventor has conducted intensive studies on an apparatus for treating garbage mainly composed of biological tissue such as waste paper and garbage, and as a result, the garbage has been utilized by utilizing the fermentation action of microorganisms and aeration treatment. Has been found to be able to effectively reduce the volume and deodorize. The present invention has been made based on the above-described background, with the object of eliminating the conventional problems, and is inexpensive, short-time, and sanitary for various types of biological tissues such as garbage. It is an object of the present invention to provide a refuse treatment apparatus capable of reducing the volume of refuse and eliminating odor.

[0005]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention comprises at least a fermentation tank, an aeration tank, a return path, an exhaust passage, and an air supply passage, and the fermentation tank is provided in the tank. While crushing the garbage containing the input biological tissue as a main component, it has a rotary impeller for mixing and transferring the garbage with aerobic microorganisms, and the aeration tank mixes the garbage from the fermentation tank with water and air. The return path transfers the sludge subjected to the aeration treatment to the fermentation tank again, and the exhaust passage discharges gas generated from the fermentation tank to the outside of the fermentation tank. The air flow path was configured to supply air to the aeration tank.

[0006]

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a dust processing apparatus 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Is a fermentation tank 11, an aeration tank 12, a return path 13, and an exhaust path 1.
4 and an air supply channel 15.

The fermenter 11 is a tubular body having both ends closed and arranged horizontally. The fermenter 11 has a dust insertion port 21 at one end for introducing dust, and a fermentation fermenter at the other end. It has a dust discharge port 22. Inside the fermenter 11, a rotating shaft 23 horizontally arranged coaxially with the cylindrical body.
A rotating impeller 25 composed of a plurality of blade members 24 attached at appropriate intervals is provided above. Rotating shaft 23
Is driven by a motor 29 via sprockets 26 and 27 and a chain 28 at an end of the rotating shaft 23 extending through one end face of the fermenter 11. The blade member 24 that rotates together with the rotation shaft 23
May have any shape as long as the dust can be transferred in any one direction while being crushed by rotating in a certain direction. For example, the shape shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 may be used. , Arrangement. FIG.
In FIG. 3, two blade members 24 are provided at a fixed interval on the rotating shaft 23 at the same direction at an angle of 180 °, and in FIG. 3, the blade members 24A are oriented in the opposite direction. Although provided at an angle of 0 °, a plurality of blade members can be provided at appropriate intervals, angles, and directions on the rotating shaft. This blade member 24 allows the dust input port 2
The refuse introduced from 1 is fermented by being uniformly crushed and uniformly mixed with aerobic microorganisms, and is sequentially transferred from the fermentation refuse outlet 22 to the aeration tank 12.

The gas containing water vapor generated by the fermentation of the garbage is released into the atmosphere from an exhaust passage 14 provided on the upper surface of the fermenter 11. If desired, the water vapor contained in the gas is removed by the exhaust gas. Steam flow path 1 branched from flow path 14
It may be supplied to the aeration tank 12 via 4a. The steam flowing through the aeration tank 12 condenses in the middle of the steam flow path 14a or in the aeration tank 12, and changes into a liquid. In addition, all the gas generated in the fermentation tank 11 may be discharged to the outside of the tank, and the gas may not be sent to the aeration tank 12, but water may be supplied to the aeration tank 12 through a dedicated water supply channel. .

Further, in the fermentation tank 11, a weir 31 is provided on the inner wall surface of the fermentation tank 11 in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the garbage is transferred toward the aeration tank 12. Is divided into two blocks. In the fermenter 11, the fermentation proceeds as the garbage approaches the fermentation garbage discharge port 22, and the temperature rises. On the other hand, the temperature of the garbage itself increases to promote fermentation. It is desirable that the weir 31 be made of a material having good thermal conductivity so that heat can be easily conducted between the lower temperature block and the lower temperature block, that is, from the higher temperature block to the lower temperature block. The height of the weir 31 is preferably about half the height of the fermentation tank 11, and a plurality of weirs 31 may be provided at appropriate intervals.

[0010] From the garbage discharge port 22 of the fermentation tank 11, the aeration tank 1
The fermentation waste transferred to 2 is mixed with water and air supplied through a diffuser 33 having a number of nozzles arranged in the aeration tank 12 via an air supply passage 15 by an air supply pump 32. And subjected to aeration treatment to become sludge. That is, the organic substances in the refuse are oxidatively decomposed by the action of the aerobic microorganisms. The mixing ratio between the fermentation waste and water at this time is, for example, 20:80 to 30:70 in volume ratio. Further, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, a diffuser 33 is provided at the bottom of the aeration tank 12 to promote the aeration process.
The arrangement is not limited to this arrangement, and any arrangement may be used as long as the fermentation garbage and air are uniformly mixed to promote the oxidative decomposition of sludge by the action of the microorganism. In the present specification, the process of aerating and mixing the sludge containing aerobic microorganisms is referred to as aeration.

Then, the sludge aerated in the aeration tank 12 is transported again by the fermenter 11 through the return path 13 by the return pump 34, and is fed into the fermenter 11 through the refuse inlet 21 together with new refuse. Then, the same processing as described above is repeated an appropriate number of times. The garbage that is repeatedly processed contains undecomposed organic components in the fermentation process at an appropriate number of times.
It can also be used as compost. The sludge does not necessarily need to be introduced into the fermentation tank 11 from the refuse input port 21, but may be provided by providing a separate sludge input port on the wall of the fermentation tank 11 near the refuse input port 21.

FIG. 4 shows a refuse treatment apparatus 2 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The refuse treatment apparatus 1 is substantially the same as the refuse treatment apparatus 1 except that a fermentation tank 11A is provided instead of the fermentation tank 11. They are the same, and the description of the common parts is omitted. The fermentation tank 11A of the refuse treatment apparatus 2 has a cylindrical outer processing tank 41 with both end faces closed, and is surrounded by the outer processing tank 41.
The outer processing tank 41 is provided coaxially with the outer processing tank 41 so as to be rotatable relative to the outer processing tank 41.
And a cylindrical inner processing tank 43 having an opening 42 communicating with the inner processing tank 43. And the outer processing tank 41 and the inner processing tank 4
A plurality of weirs 31I and 31O are provided in the inside of the fermenter 11A in the vertical direction with respect to the transfer direction of the garbage toward the aeration tank 12 as described above. It is partitioned into a plurality of blocks that are adjacent along the axial direction.

A rotary impeller 25 is provided inside the inner processing tank 43 similarly to the apparatus shown in FIG.
A plurality of impeller members 24 are also provided on the outer peripheral portion of 3, and an impeller similar to the rotary impeller 25 is formed together with the inner processing tank 43. The inner processing tank 43 may be driven by the motor 29 for the rotary impeller 25 using a combination of a gear train, a chain, and a sprocket as appropriate.
It may be driven by a separate motor.

The weir 310 provided inside the outer processing tank 41 has a height approximately half the radial dimension of the gap between the outer processing tank 41 and the inner processing tank 43. Preferably
The weir 31I provided inside the inner processing tank 43 preferably has a height of about 約 of the inner diameter of the inner processing tank 43. By the way, the temperature in the fermenter 11 depends on its size, weirs 31, 31.
The temperature may vary from room temperature to 60 ° C. due to the fermentation of microorganisms, although it may vary depending on the number of I and 31O, the position in the tank, and the like. Thus, the fermenter 11 usually does not require a heating means or the like, and can reduce the cost for refuse treatment. However, a heating means may be provided in the tank to further promote fermentation.

The refuse to be treated by the above-mentioned refuse treatment apparatus 1 or 2 is not particularly limited as long as it is biological tissue itself or refuse derived from the biological tissue and mainly composed of biological tissue. , Waste paper, animal meat, vegetables, fruits, garbage, tempura, coffee and tea lees, manure, flowers, eggshell, rice and wheat straw, fallen leaves and other general waste, Garbage that is industrially discarded, such as effluents and garbage from restaurants and kitchens, may be mentioned.

Furthermore, the aerobic microorganisms to be fermented by mixing with garbage are any microorganisms capable of oxidatively decomposing odorous components such as hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, and low-boiling sulfide generated by the decomposition of organic substances such as biological tissues. It may be a bacterium, a fungus, or a protozoa, but preferably includes a soil bacterium generally inhabiting in nature and a bacterium called a spoilage bacterium.
These aerobic microorganisms can be used alone or in combination of two or more. The microorganisms are immobilized on a solid phase using a usual microorganism immobilization method, and the microorganism bed is placed in the fermentation tank 11 and the aeration tank 12. It can also be provided.

The refuse in the fermentation tank, aeration tank, and return path is usually maintained at pH 5 or higher to promote fermentation by aerobic microorganisms. Adjustment of garbage pH
It is carried out with a pH adjuster that can be put in at the time of charging dust or in the middle of the process. As the pH adjuster, a normal pH adjuster can be used, for example, sludge that has been subjected to aeration treatment.

In addition, when refuse such as fibrous material which cannot be easily crushed and requires a long time for processing is introduced, a grinding aid can be introduced into the fermentation tank together with the refuse.
The grinding aid is not particularly limited as long as it can assist the grinding of the dust by friction during stirring and mixing with the dust, but a porous material is preferable, for example, obsidian processed by pressure foaming And the like.

Further, if desired, a deodorizing enzyme can be added to the sludge in the aeration tank to more efficiently deodorize the refuse. Deodorizing enzyme is an activator of biodegradable bacteria obtained by fermenting Iceland kelp with a product of HI-BAR, UK.
Sold under the trade name

[0020]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the first aspect, at least the fermentation tank, the aeration tank, the return path, the exhaust path, and the air supply path are provided, and the fermentation tank is provided in the tank. A whirlpool for mixing and transferring aerobic microorganisms while pulverizing garbage containing the input biological tissue as a main component has a rotary impeller, and the aeration tank is configured to transfer garbage from the fermentation tank with water and air in the tank. And the mixture is subjected to aeration treatment, and the return path transfers the sludge subjected to the aeration treatment to the fermentation tank again, and the exhaust passage,
Gas generated from the fermentation tank is discharged out of the tank, and the air supply channel supplies air to the aeration tank.
For this reason, there is an effect that it is possible to reduce the volume of various kinds of dust mainly composed of biological tissue inexpensively, in a short time, and in a sanitary manner, and to make the dust odorless.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the first aspect, at least the fermentation tank is provided on an inner wall surface of the fermentation tank in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the garbage is transferred to the aeration tank. The structure has one weir. Therefore, the first
In addition to the effects of the present invention, the refuse is efficiently fermented block by block in the fermenter, and the heat is transferred from the higher temperature refuse to the lower temperature refuse of the adjacent block as the fermentation proceeds. This has the effect that fermentation of the garbage is further promoted.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the second aspect, the fermentation tank is surrounded by a cylindrical external processing tank having both ends closed, and is surrounded by the external processing tank. The outer processing tank is provided so as to be rotatable relative to the outer processing tank, both end faces are closed, and a cylindrical inner processing tank having an opening communicating with the outer processing tank at an end. . For this reason, in addition to the effect of the second invention, it is possible to make the refuse treatment apparatus main body more compact, and to reduce the temperature of refuse from the refuse in the inner treatment tank having a higher temperature as fermentation proceeds. Heat is conducted to the refuse in the external processing tank having the refuse, and the fermentation of the refuse is further promoted.

Further, according to the fourth aspect of the invention, in addition to the configuration of each of the above aspects of the invention, the supply source of the water mixed with dust in the aeration tank is the exhaust flow path. For this reason, in addition to the effects of the above inventions, there is no need to provide a separate water supply flow path, and the water once evaporated from the refuse in the fermentation tank can be reused.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of each of the above-described inventions, the dust is adjusted to have a pH of 5 or more. For this reason, in addition to the effects of the above inventions, there is an effect that fermentation and aeration of garbage by aerobic microorganisms can be further promoted.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an entire configuration of a refuse disposal apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a rotating impeller of an embodiment of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a view showing another embodiment of the rotary impeller in the apparatus shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an entire configuration of a dust processing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1, 2 refuse treatment apparatus 11, 11A fermentation tank 12 aeration tank 13 return path 14 exhaust path 14a steam path 15 supply air path 21 refuse inlet 22 fermentation refuse outlet 23, 23A rotating shaft 24, 24A blade member 25, 25A Rotating impeller 26, 27 Sprocket 28 Chain 29 Motor 31, 31I, 31O Weir 32 Air supply pump 33 Air diffuser 34 Return pump 41 Outer processing tank 42 Opening 43 Inner processing tank

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A fermentation tank having at least a fermentation tank, an aeration tank, a return path, an exhaust flow path, and an air supply flow path, wherein the fermentation tank pulverizes garbage mainly containing biological tissue put into the tank. A rotating impeller that mixes and transports with the aerobic microorganisms in the fermentation tank; the aeration tank mixes garbage from the fermentation tank with water and air to perform aeration treatment; Transferring the sludge subjected to the aeration treatment to the fermentation tank again, the exhaust passage discharging the gas generated from the fermentation tank out of the tank, and the air supply passage supplying air to the aeration tank. A garbage disposal apparatus characterized in that: 2. The refuse according to claim 1, wherein said fermentation tank has at least one weir standing on an inner wall surface thereof in a direction perpendicular to a transfer direction of the refuse toward the aeration tank. Processing equipment. 3. The fermenter is provided with a cylindrical outer processing tank having both end faces closed, and is provided so as to be surrounded by the outer processing tank and rotatable coaxially with the outer processing tank. 3. A refuse treatment apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a cylindrical inner treatment tank having both ends closed and an opening communicating with the outer treatment tank at an end. . 4. The exhaust flow path according to claim 1, wherein a supply source of the water mixed with dust in the aeration tank is the exhaust passage.
The refuse treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3. 5. The refuse treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the refuse is adjusted to have a pH of 5 or more.