ITVI20120158A1 - HINGE FOR THE TURNTABLE HANDLING OF A DOOR, IN PARTICULAR FOR ARMORED DOORS - Google Patents

Description

HINGE FOR THE ROTATING HANDLING OF A DOOR, IN PARTICULAR FOR ARMORED DOORS

DESCRIPTION

Field of application

The present invention is generally applicable to the technical sector of closing or damping / control hinges, and particularly relates to a hinge for the revolving movement of a door, in particular but not exclusively an armored door.

State of the art

As is known, closing or cushioning hinges generally comprise a movable element, usually fixed to a door, a leaf or similar, hinged on a fixed element, usually fixed to the supporting frame of these, or to a wall and / or to the floor.

More specifically, the fixed element of the concealed hinges for armored doors or similar is inserted inside a tubular support structure that includes a rear subframe anchored to a wall or similar support and a front frame anchored to the subframe. .

The movable element, then, generally includes a fixing wing that can be anchored to the door destined to come out of the tubular support structure in the open position and to re-enter completely inside the tubular support structure in the closed position.

Generally, these hinges are purely mechanical, and do not allow any type of adjustment of the opening angle of the door or in any case any control of the movement of the door itself.

The absence of control makes these hinges extremely dangerous, since due to the huge mass of the armored door there is the danger of the door being unhinged or bending of the tubular support structure to which the hinge is anchored.

Also due to the enormous mass of the armored door, the hinge tends to lose its initial position and / or to disassemble.

Furthermore, adjusting the door position is tiring and complicated. In addition, at least two operators are required to carry out the same.

Another recognized drawback of these hinges lies in the high friction that develops between the fixed and mobile element, which leads to premature wear and frequent breakages, with the consequent need for continuous training.

Presentation of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to at least partially overcome the drawbacks encountered above, by providing a hinge of high functionality, construction simplicity and low cost.

Another object of the invention is to provide a hinge which allows to control the movement of the door in opening and / or closing.

Another object of the invention is to provide a sturdy and reliable hinge.

Another object of the invention is to provide a hinge with extremely limited dimensions.

Another object of the invention is to provide a hinge which ensures automatic closing of the door from the open door position.

Another object of the invention is to provide a hinge capable of supporting even very heavy doors and frames.

Another object of the invention is to provide a hinge which has a minimum number of constituent parts.

Another object of the invention is to provide a hinge capable of maintaining the exact closing position over time.

Another object of the invention is to provide a hinge which is safe.

Another object of the invention is to provide a hinge which is easy to install.

Another object of the invention is to provide a hinge which simplifies the maintenance and / or replacement of the same.

Another object of the invention is to provide a hinge which allows a simple adjustment of the door to which it is connected.

Another object of the invention is to provide a hinge that is reversible, that is, it can be used straight or upside down without changing its behavior.

These purposes, as well as others which will appear more clearly below, are achieved by a hinge having one or more of the characteristics described and / or claimed and / or illustrated herein.

Essentially, the concealed hinge according to the invention may include a fixed element and a movable element, the latter being rotatably coupled with the fixed element to rotate between an open position and a closed position around a first longitudinal axis .

The fixed element may include a box-shaped hinge body that can be hidden inside a tubular support structure consisting of a frame and counterframe.

The mobile element may include a fixing wing that can be anchored to the door designed to come out of the tubular support structure in the open position and to re-enter, preferably completely, inside the tubular support structure in the closed position.

Conveniently, the box-shaped hinge body can include a pair of end seats defining the first axis. The fixing wing may include a first central portion capable of being operatively connected with the door and a pair of second end portions mutually facing each other and operatively connected with the end seats of the box-like body. Advantageously, the first central portion of the fixing wing may include a first plate-like element defining a first plane substantially parallel to the first longitudinal axis. The second end portions may include a pair of second plate-like elements defining respective second planes substantially parallel to each other and perpendicular to the first plane.

In a preferred but not exclusive embodiment, the first central portion and the second end portions of the fixing wing can be made monolithically, that is, in a single piece.

In order to minimize friction between the fixed and mobile element, the second end portions of the fixing wing may include respective operating surfaces which can remain facing the end seats in use. Conveniently, at least one of the latter may include an annular housing capable of accommodating a respective anti-friction element, for example a bearing.

The annular housing and the respective anti-friction element can be mutually configured so that the corresponding operating surface of the second end portion of the fixing wing connected with the respective end seat abuts against the anti-friction element and remains spaced from the box-like body.

In a preferred but not exclusive embodiment, both end seats of the box-shaped hinge body may include a respective annular housing for a corresponding anti-friction bearing. In this case, the annular housings and the anti-friction elements can be mutually configured so that the operating surfaces of the second end portions of the fixing wing both abut against the respective anti-friction elements and remain both spaced from the box-like body. .

To allow the hinge to support even very heavy doors and frames without changing its behavior, the box-shaped hinge body can include a longitudinal through hole defining the end seats of the same, inside which a shaft having opposite ends mutually connected with the second end portions of the fixing wing.

In a particularly preferred but not exclusive embodiment, the height of the mast may be slightly greater than the distance between the anti-friction elements, so that when one of the operating surfaces of the second end portions of the fastening abuts against the respective anti-friction element, the other operating surface remains spaced from the respective friction element.

In order to allow the adjustment of the opening angle of the fixing wing, at least one of the second end portions of the fixing wing, and preferably both, may include, respectively may include, a respective axially protrusion directed towards the inside of the fixing wing.

The hinge body may include at least one end portion, respectively a pair of end portions, comprising a respective adjustable stop dowel, respectively comprising a pair of respective adjustable stop dowels.

In a preferred but not exclusive embodiment, the movable element may further include a fixing bracket having a first plate-like portion operably anchored to the door and a second plate-like portion operably connectable to the first central portion of the fixing wing. Advantageously, the first and second plate-like portions of the fixing bracket can be substantially perpendicular to each other.

The second plate-like portion of the fixing bracket can be mobile mounted on the first plate-like element of the fixing wing to slide along a second axis substantially parallel to the first axis of rotation of the fixed and mobile elements and along a third axis substantially perpendicular to the first axis .

Conveniently, the hinge may also include first means for adjusting the position of the fixing bracket along the second axis and second means for adjusting the position thereof along the third axis.

In a preferred but not exclusive embodiment of the invention, the first and second adjustment means may be selectively operable by a user to allow independent adjustment of the position of the door when anchored to the fixing bracket.

Conveniently, the second plate-like portion of the fixing bracket can be operatively connectable to the first plate-like element of the fixing wing by means of a counter-plate. The second plate-like portion of the fixing bracket can remain interposed between the first plate-like element of the fixing wing and the counter-plate. The latter may have an overall height slightly lower than the distance between the second plate-like elements of the fixing wing.

The second plate-like portion of the fixing bracket may include a pair of third plate-like end elements spaced from each other by a predetermined distance, each of them having a predetermined height and thickness.

The counterplate may have a pair of end portions and a central portion having a height substantially equal to the predetermined distance between the third plate-like elements and a thickness slightly greater than that of the third plate-like elements. The central portion of the counterplate may protrude with respect to the end portions so that in use it remains interposed between the third plate-like end elements of the fixing bracket.

Conveniently, the latter can remain in use interposed between the first plate-like element of the fixing wing and the end portions of the counter-plate, so that the central portion of the counter-plate guides the sliding of the fixing bracket along the third axis.

Each of the end portions of the striking plate may include a through opening having a predetermined height and length.

Advantageously, to guide the sliding of the fixing bracket along the second axis, a pair of guide elements can be provided, each inserted in a respective through opening of the end portions of the counterplate having a height lower than that of the through openings and a length substantially equal to that of the latter.

Preferably, the first adjustment means may include a first through opening made at the central projecting portion of the counterplate and an actuator element capable of interacting with the first through opening to adjust the sliding of the fixing bracket along the second axis in response to the movement. di of the actuator element by a user.

In a first preferred but not exclusive embodiment, the actuator element may include a plurality of first peripheral shaped teeth, while the through opening of the central projecting portion of the counterplate may include a pair of side walls substantially parallel to the first and / or to the second axis comprising a plurality of counter-shaped second teeth engaged with the first teeth.

On the other hand, alternatively, the actuator element may include an eccentric engaged with the through opening of the central protruding portion of the striking plate.

Preferably, the second adjustment means may include a pair of elongated through shaped slots made in correspondence with the third plate-like end elements of the fixing bracket, the slots having a maximum length equal to the maximum possible translation of the fixing bracket along the third axis . The second adjustment means may also include a pair of second locking screws passing through the first plate-like element of the fixing wing and through the elongated slots of the fixing bracket, the second locking screws being engageable in respective counter-threaded seats made in matching of guide elements.

In a preferred but not exclusive embodiment of the invention, the first central portion and the second end portions of the fixing wing can be made monolithically. Preferably, moreover, the first and second plate-like portions of the fixing bracket can also be made monolithically.

Preferably, one of the second portions of the fixing wing of the hinge may include a curvilinear cam element rotating integrally with the fixing wing about the first axis. Conveniently, moreover, the box-shaped hinge body can also include at least one working chamber defining a fourth longitudinal axis spaced from the first axis and substantially parallel to it.

The at least one working chamber may include a piston element sliding along the fourth longitudinal axis and elastic means operatively connected with the piston element.

The latter may include a front face facing the curvilinear cam element and interacting with it so that the rotation of the cam element around the first axis corresponds to the sliding of the piston element along the fourth axis and vice versa.

Advantageously, the piston element can slide along the fourth longitudinal axis between a position proximal to the bottom wall of the at least one working chamber and a position distal from this, the elastic contrast means acting on the element a piston to bring it back from proximal to distal position.

Conveniently, the curvilinear cam element may have a generally triangular shape with an operating surface having a predetermined inclination so that when the door is opened the piston element passes from the distal to the proximal position, respectively from the proximal position to the distal one.

Preferably, the front face of the piston element may have a generally rounded shape to come into contact with the substantially flat operating surface of the curvilinear cam element.

In a preferred but not exclusive embodiment of the invention, the front face of the piston element can be made of a first metal material which has a greater hardness than that of the second metal material in which the operating surface can be made of the cam element, so that the front face of the piston element is capable of forming over time a guide channel along the operating surface of the cam element.

In a preferred but not exclusive embodiment of the invention, the working chamber may also include a working fluid acting on the piston element to hydraulically oppose its action.

The piston element will be able to separate the working chamber into at least a first and a second compartment with variable volume which are fluidly communicating and preferably adjacent to each other. The elastic contrast means can be placed in the first compartment so that the at least a first and a second compartment have respectively maximum and minimum volume in correspondence with the distal position of the piston element and respectively minimum and maximum volume in correspondence of the proximal position of the same.

Conveniently, the piston element may comprise unidirectional valve means for controlling the passage of the working fluid between the at least a first and a second compartment upon passage of the front face from one of the distal positions or proximal to the other of the distal or proximal positions. A hydraulic circuit may also be provided for the flow of the working fluid between the at least a first and a second variable volume compartment when the front face passes from the other position distal or proximal to one of the positions distal or proximal.

In a preferred but not exclusive embodiment, the piston element may include a seat for the valve means fluidically connected with both the first and the second compartment. The valve means may include a control element sliding in the seat along the fourth axis to selectively open / close the fluidic connection between the first and the second compartment. The selective opening of the valve means will allow fluid communication between the first and second compartment. The selective closure of the valve means can prevent the fluid communication between the first and the second compartment and can force the passage of the working fluid through the circuit.

Advantageously, the piston element can include a tubular element with a front portion placed in the second compartment, a rear portion placed in the first compartment and a side wall facing the side wall of the working chamber. The front and rear portions may be in fluid communication with each other and with the seat of the valve means.

The piston element may also include a stem with a first end integrally coupled with the front portion of the tubular element and a second end which may include the front face facing the curvilinear cam element.

In a preferred but not exclusive embodiment of the invention, regardless of whether the hinge is a concealed hinge or not, the hydraulic circuit can be made inside the box-shaped hinge body outside the working chamber and can have at least a first entry / exit opening in the second compartment and a second and a third entry / exit opening both in the first compartment, the first upstream of the second.

In a first embodiment, the valve means can be configured to open when the front face passes from the proximal to the distal position, so as to allow the working fluid to pass from the second to the first compartment, and close at the The act of passing the front face from the distal to the proximal position, in order to force the working fluid to pass from the first compartment to the second compartment, entering the hydraulic circuit through the second and third openings and exiting it through the first opening.

In this embodiment, the third opening can remain fluidically decoupled from the lateral wall of the tubular element for the entire stroke of the piston element from the distal to the proximal position, said second opening remaining fluidically decoupled from the lateral wall of the tubular element for a first initial section of the stroke of the piston element and remaining fluidly coupled with the lateral wall of the tubular element for a second final section of its stroke, so that the door presents a first resistance to movement in closing / opening for a first angular section of rotation of the same around the first axis corresponding to the first initial section of the stroke of the piston element and a second resistance to the closing / opening movement of the door for a second angular section of rotation of the same around the first axis corresponding to the second final stretch of the run.

Advantageously, the hinge can include first and second means for adjusting the passage section of the second and third opening respectively, so as to allow a user to independently adjust the first and second resistance to door closing / opening movement.

Conveniently, the elastic means may include a damping spring, so that the hinge is a damping hinge for controlling the pivotal movement of the door. It is understood that the term â € œcushioning springâ € means a spring whose dimensions and / or configuration are sufficient to bring the piston element back from the proximal to the distal position but are not sufficient to automatically close the door once open.

In a preferred embodiment, the cam element can be configured in such a way that upon opening the door the piston element passes from the distal to the proximal position, the first and second adjustment means being adapted to regulate the first and second resistance to the movement of the door along the first and second angular section when it is opened.

In another alternative configuration, the cam element can be configured in such a way that when the door is opened the piston element passes from the proximal to the distal position, the first and second adjustment means being able to regulate the first and second resistance to the movement of the door along the first and second angular section when it is closed.

On the other hand, in a second embodiment, the valve means are configured to open upon the passage of said front face from the distal to the proximal position, so as to allow the passage of the working fluid from the first to the second compartment, and close when said front face passes from the proximal to the distal position, so as to force the working fluid to pass from the second compartment to the first compartment, entering said hydraulic circuit through said first opening and exiting from the same through said second and third openings.

In this embodiment, the third opening can remain fluidically decoupled from the side wall of the tubular element for the entire stroke of the piston element from the proximal to the distal position, so that the door has a third closing / opening speed predetermined, the second opening remaining fluidically coupled with the side wall of the tubular element for a first initial portion of the stroke of the piston element and remaining fluidically decoupled from the side wall of the tubular element for a second final portion of the stroke of the itself, so that the door snaps into the closed / open position.

Conveniently, the hinge can include third means for adjusting the passage section of the second opening, so as to allow a user to adjust the force with which the door snaps towards the closed / open position, fourth means being also provided for adjustment of the passage section of the third opening, in order to allow a user to adjust the third door opening / closing speed.

Conveniently, the cam element can be configured in such a way that upon opening the door the piston element passes from the distal to the proximal position, the elastic means including a thrust spring so that the hinge is a closing hinge, the third and fourth adjustment means being adapted to adjust the force of the door click and the third speed of the same when it is closed.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are defined in accordance with the dependent claims.

Brief description of the drawings

Further characteristics and advantages of the invention will become more evident in the light of the detailed description of some preferred but not exclusive embodiments of a hinge according to the invention, illustrated by way of non-limiting example with the aid of the accompanying drawing tables in which:

FIGS. 1a, 1b and 1c are respectively exploded and assembled axonometric views of a first example of embodiment of a fastening system of the hinge 1 to a frame F;

FIGS. 2a, 2b and 2c are respectively exploded and assembled axonometric views of a second embodiment of a system for fixing the hinge 1 to a counterframe CF; FIGS. 3a and 4a are axonometric views of the operation of a hinge 1 connected to an armored door D, respectively in the closed and open position;

FIGS. 3b and 4b are partially sectional views of the operation of the hinge 1 of Figures 3a and 4a, respectively in closed and open position;

FIGS. 5a, 5b, 5c and 5d are respectively exploded, front and sectioned views along respective planes of trace V c - V c and V d - V d of a first embodiment of the fixing wing assembly 21 - "Fixing bracket 30;

FIGS. 6a, 6b and 6c are respectively exploded and sectioned views along respective planes equivalent to those V c - V c and V d - V d in FIG. 5b of a second embodiment of the fixing wing assembly 21 â € “fixing bracket 30;

FIGS. 7a and 7b are respectively exploded and partially broken assembled axonometric views of a first embodiment of the hinge 1;

FIGS. 8a and 8b are respectively top and axonometric views of the example of embodiment of the hinge 1 of Figures 7a and 7b in the closed position;

FIGS. 9a and 9b are respectively sectioned along a plane of trace IX a - IX a and isometric view of the example of embodiment of the hinge 1 of Figures 7a and 7b in the open position;

FIG. 10 is an exploded axonometric view of a second example of embodiment of the hinge 1;

FIG. 11 is an enlarged isometric view of the fixing wing 21 and of the cam element 60 of the second embodiment of the hinge 1 of FIG.10;

FIGS. 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d are respectively partially split axonometric views, sectioned along a plane of trace XII b - XII b, in axial section and of some enlarged details of FIG. 12c of the second example of embodiment of the hinge 1 of FIG. 10 in closed position;

FIGS. 13a and 13b are views respectively in axial section and sectioned along a plane equivalent to the plane XII b - XII b in FIG.12b of the second example of embodiment of the hinge 1 of FIG.10 in a partially open position;

FIGS. 14a and 14b are views respectively in axial section and sectioned along a plane equivalent to the plane XII b - XII b in FIG.12c of the second embodiment example of the hinge 1 of FIG.10 in the totally open position;

FIG. 15 is an exploded axonometric view of a third example of embodiment of the hinge 1;

FIG. 16 is an enlarged isometric view of the fixing wing 21 and of the cam element 60 of the third embodiment example of the hinge 1 of FIG.15;

FIGS. 17a and 17b are views respectively in axial section and sectioned along a plane equivalent to the plane XII b - XII b in FIG.12c of the third example of embodiment of the hinge 1 of FIG.

15 in the partially open position;

FIGS. 18a, 18b and 18c are views respectively in axial section, sectioned along a plane equivalent to the plane XII b - XII b in FIG. 12c and some enlarged details of FIG. 18a of the third example of embodiment of the hinge 1 of FIG. 15 in the totally open position;

FIG. 19 is an exploded axonometric view of a fourth example of embodiment of the hinge 1;

FIG. 20 is an enlarged isometric view of the fixing wing 21 and of the cam element 60 of the fourth embodiment of the hinge 1 of FIG.19;

FIGS. 21a and 21b are views respectively in axial section and sectioned along a plane equivalent to the plane XII b - XII b in FIG. 12c of the fourth example of embodiment of the hinge 1 of FIG.19 in a partially open position;

FIGS. 22a and 22b are respectively axial and cross sectional views along a plane equivalent to the XII b - XII b plane in FIG. 12c of the fourth example of embodiment of the hinge 1 of FIG.19 in the totally open position;

FIG.23 is an enlarged and split front view of the hinge 1 which highlights the spatial relationship between the operative portion 27 of the end portion 23 of the fixing wing 21 and the box-like body 11.

Detailed description of some preferred embodiments With reference to the aforementioned figures, the hinge according to the invention, generally indicated with 1, will be particularly useful for the possibly controlled rotating movement in opening and / or closing of a closing element D, such as for for example an armored door, which can be anchored to a stationary support structure W, such as for example a wall.

In a preferred but not exclusive embodiment, as illustrated in FIGS. from 1a to 4b, the hinge 1 can be inserted concealed in a tubular support structure, which can be formed in a known way by a rear counterframe CF, which can be anchored to the wall W or similar support, and by a front frame F anchored to the counter frame CF.

In particular, in a first embodiment illustrated in FIGS. from 1a to 1c, the hinge 1 can be anchored to the frame F by means of the plate P1, kept in the operative position by the screw means V1, V2.

On the other hand, in a second embodiment illustrated in FIGS. from 2a to 2c, the hinge 1 can be anchored to the counterframe CF by means of the plate P2, kept in an operative position by the screw means V2.

In both embodiments, the hinge 1 can be retracted into the tubular support structure formed by the rear counter frame CF and the front frame F through an opening O made in the latter.

Conveniently, the hinge 1 may comprise a fixed element 10, which can be fixed to the frame F or to the counterframe CF, on which is hinged a movable element 20 which can rotate around a longitudinal axis X, which may be substantially vertical, between an open position, illustrated for example in Figures 4a and 4b, and a closed position, illustrated for example in Figures 3a and 3b.

As particularly visible in FIGS. from 3a to 4b, the fixed element 10 may include a box-shaped hinge body 11 which can be hidden inside the tubular support structure formed by the rear subframe CF and the front frame F. On the other hand, the movable element 20 may include a fixing wing 21, which can be anchored to the door D, intended to come out of the tubular support structure in the open position, illustrated in Figures 4a and 4b, and to re-enter inside the same in the closed position, illustrated in FIGS.3a and 3b.

The fixing wing 21 may have a substantially â € œCâ € shape, with a central portion 22 able to be connected with the door D by means of the fixing bracket 30 and a pair of end portions 23, 23â € ™ mutually facing and operatively connected with the box-like body 11.

Preferably, the central portion 22 and the end portions 23, 23â € ™ can be made monolithically, with the central portion 22 being constituted by a plate-like element defining a foreground Ï € substantially parallel to the X axis and the end portions 23, 23â € ™ which may consist of a pair of plate-like elements defining respective second floors Ï € â € ™, Ï € â € ™ â € ™ substantially parallel to each other and perpendicular to the first floor Ï € .

Advantageously, the fixing square 30 may have a first plate-like portion 31 operably anchored to the door D by means of suitable screws which can be inserted in the holes 32 monolithically coupled with a second plate-like portion 33, consisting of the two plate-like end elements 34, 34â € ™.

Preferably, the plate-like end elements 34, 34 'can be substantially perpendicular to the first plate-like portion 31, and can be operably connectable to the central portion 22 of the fixing wing 21 by means of the counter-plate 40, whose function will be better explained later.

Once operationally connected, the plate-like end elements 34, 34â € ™ will be interposed between the interior of the central portion 22 of the fixing wing 21 and the counterplate 40.

In order to allow coupling with the fixing wing 21, the box-shaped hinge body 11 may include a pair of end seats 12, 12 'defining the X axis. In a particularly preferred embodiment but not exclusive, the box-shaped hinge body 11 may include a longitudinal through hole 13 defining the X axis adapted to join together the end seats 12, 12â € ™.

As particularly visible in FIG.7b, a shaft 24 with opposite ends 25, 25â € ™ mutually connected with the end portions 23, 23â € can be inserted inside the through hole 13 with minimum clearance. Fixing wing 21 by means of suitable screw means 26. In this way, the shaft 24 will be integrally movable with the fixing wing 21 between the opening and closing positions.

Thanks to this characteristic, the hinge 1 will be able to support even very heavy doors D without misalignments or changes in behavior.

Conveniently, the end portions 23, 23â € ™ of the fixing wing 21 may include respective operating surfaces 27, 27â € ™ capable of remaining facing in use the end seats 12, 12â € ™ of the box-shaped hinge body 11 .

Corresponding to the latter, respective annular housings 14, 14â € ™ adapted to receive respective anti-friction elements 15, 15â € ™, for example bearings, can be obtained.

Advantageously, the annular housings 14, 14â € ™ and the respective bearings 15, 15â € ™ can be mutually configured so that the operating surfaces 27, 27â € ™ of the fixing wing 21 abut against the anti-friction bearings 15, 15â And remains spaced from the box-like body 11, as visible in FIG. 23. This will allow the mobile element 20 to rotate around the X axis with minimum friction, so that the hinge 1 is able to move even very heavy doors D.

More specifically, while the internal diameter D1 of the annular housings 14, 14â € ™ could be substantially equal to the external diameter D2 of the anti-friction bearings 15, 15â € ™, the height h2 of the latter could be slightly higher than that of the former, in ™ order of a few tenths of a millimeter.

The shaft 24, then, may have a height h3 slightly higher than the distance d1between the upper surfaces of the anti-friction bearings 15, 15â € ™, so that when one of the operating surfaces of the fixing wing 21, for example that upper 27, abuts against the respective anti-friction pad 15, the other operating surface 27â € ™ remains spaced from the respective anti-friction pad 15â € ™.

Thanks to this feature, the anti-friction effect will be maximized, and the hinge 1 will be reversible, that is, it can be used in both directions, that is the one shown in the figures or upside down, without changing its behavior.

In order to allow the hinge to be locked in the desired position, at least one of the end portions, for example the lower one 23 ', of the fixing wing 21 may include a projection 28 axially directed towards the inside of the The fixing wing 21 itself, while the hinge body 11 may include at least one end portion, for example the lower one 16 ', which may include a respective adjustable locking dowel 17'.

In this way, it will be possible for a user to adjust the opening angle of the fixing wing 21, and therefore that of the door D fixed to it.

Conveniently, in some embodiments, such as for example that illustrated in FIGS. from 7a to 9b, two locking protrusions 28, 28â € ™ placed in correspondence of both end portions 23, 23â € ™ of the fixing wing 21 may be provided, suitable for impacting against corresponding locking dowels 17, 17â € ™ placed in correspondence of both end portions 16, 16â € ™ of the hinge body 11.

In a particularly preferred but not exclusive embodiment, the end portions 16, 16â € ™ of the hinge body 11 may include a curvilinear slot 18, 18 '.

Conveniently, such as particularly illustrated in FIG. 9a, the latter may define means for guiding and centering the locking projections 28, 28â € ™ in their rotation around the X axis.

As better explained hereinafter, the same curvilinear slots 18, 18 'may also define guiding and centering means for the curvilinear cam element 60 in the embodiments which include this characteristic.

Preferably, the plate-like portion 33 of the fixing bracket 30 can be movably mounted on the central plate-like element 22 of the fixing wing 21 to slide along a substantially vertical axis Xâ € ™ parallel to the vertical axis X and along an axis substantially horizontal Z substantially perpendicular to the vertical axis X.

For this purpose, the counterplate 40 may have an overall height h4 slightly lower than the distance d2between the operating surfaces 27, 27â € ™ of the plate-like end elements 23, 23â € ™ of the fixing wing 21, so that it can slide vertically inside the central plate-like element 22 of the fixing wing 21.

The counterplate 40 may have a pair of end portions 41, 41 'and a central portion 42 projecting with respect to the first two.

The central portion 42 of the counterplate 40 may have a height h5 substantially equal to the distance d3 between the plate-like elements 34, 34â € ™ of the fixing bracket 30 and thickness S1 slightly greater than the thickness S2, S3 of the latter, so that the fixing bracket 30 presents a minimum of play when interposed in a package between the counterplate 40 and the inside of the central plate-like element 22 of the fixing wing 21.

In this way, the upper surface 43 of the central projecting portion 42 of the counterplate 40 will guide the sliding of the fixing bracket along the horizontal axis Z.

On the other hand, a pair of guide elements 44, 44â € ™ each inserted in a respective opening 45, 45â € ™ passing through the end portions 41, 41â € ™ of the counterplate 40 may be provided.

Advantageously, the height h6, h7 of the guide elements 44, 44 'could be lower than the height h8, h9 of the through openings 45, 45' of the counterplate 40, while their length l1, l2 could be substantially equal to that 13, 14 of the latter.

In this way, the lateral surfaces 46, 46 'of the guide elements 44, 44' will guide the sliding of the fixing bracket 30 along the vertical axis X '.

Advantageously, first means for adjusting the position of the fixing bracket 30 along the substantially vertical axis Xâ € ™ and second means for adjusting the position of the fixing bracket 30 along the substantially horizontal axis Z may be provided. which can be selectively operated by a user to allow independent adjustment of the position of the door D vertically and / or horizontally when anchored to the fixing bracket 30 itself.

In a preferred but not exclusive embodiment, the first means for adjusting the sliding of the door D along the horizontal axis Z may include an opening 47 passing through the central projecting portion 42 of the striking plate 40, an actuator element 48 and a first locking screw 50 passing through the central plate-like element 22 of the fixing wing 21 and through the projecting central portion 42 of the counter-plate 40 to engage with a counter-threaded seat 50â € ™ made of the actuator element 48.

By loosening the first locking screw 50 a user can leave the actuator element 48 free to interact with the through opening 42 to adjust the sliding of the fixing bracket 30 along the vertical axis X, for example by rotating it around his own axis using a special key. Once the desired position has been reached, the user can retighten the first locking screw 50.

In a first embodiment, illustrated for example in FIGS. from 5a to 5d, the actuator element 48 may include a plurality of first peripheral shaped teeth 49 engaged with second counter-shaped teeth 49â € ™ made in correspondence with the side walls 47 ', 47' 'of the through opening 47.

In a second alternative embodiment, illustrated for example in FIGS. from 6a to 6c, the actuator element 48 may include an eccentric 48 'engaged with the through opening 47.

Conveniently, the second means for adjusting the sliding of the door D along the vertical axis Xâ € ™ may include a pair of elongated shaped slots 35, 35â € ™ passing through the plate-like end elements 34, 34â € ™ of the fixing bracket 30 and a pair of second locking screws 51, 52 passing through the central plate-like element 22 of the fixing wing 21 and through the elongated slots 35, 35â € ™ to engage with respective counter-threaded seats 51â € ™, 52â € ™ of the guide elements 44, 44â € ™.

By loosening the second locking screws 51, 52, a user can free the plate-like elements at the ends 34, 34â € ™ of the fixing bracket 30, and with them the relative elongated shaped slots 35, 35â € ™ to translate horizontally along the Z axis guided by the upper surface 43 of the protruding central portion 42 of the counterplate 40. Once the desired position has been reached, the user can retighten the second locking screws 51, 52.

Conveniently, the elongated shaped slots 35, 35â € ™ may have a maximum length 15, 16 equal to the maximum possible translation of the fixing bracket 30 along the horizontal axis Z.

The hinge 1 according to the invention can assume various configurations. For example, it may be purely mechanical, such as the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 7a to 9b, or it may be mechanical with the door closing mechanism from the open position, or it may be hydraulic, such as the embodiments illustrated in FIGS. from 10 to 22b.

The hydraulic hinge, in turn, may be a closing hinge, such as the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 10 to 14b, or a control hinge for the revolving movement of the door, which can control the door in opening, such as for example the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 15 to 18b, or in closure, such as the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. from 19 to 22b.

Advantageously, therefore, one of the end portions of the fixing wing 21, for example the upper one 23, may include a generally triangular curvilinear cam element 60 rotating integrally with the fixing wing 21 itself around the X axis The curvilinear cam element 60 can be fixed to the relative end portion 23 in a removable or irremovable manner.

In this case, the cam element 60 can be guided and centered in its rotation around the X axis by the curvilinear slot 18.

Conveniently, the box-shaped hinge body 11 may also include a work chamber 70 with a bottom wall 71. The work chamber 70 may have an elongated shape to define a longitudinal axis Y spaced from the first axis X and substantially parallel to it.

Inside the working chamber 70 which is to be inserted a piston element 80 and elastic means 90, for example a compression spring, interacting with it to promote its sliding along the Y axis between a position proximal to the back wall 71 and a position distal from this.

For this purpose, the piston element 80 may include a front face 81 of a generally rounded shape intended to come into contact with a substantially flat operating surface 61 of the curvilinear cam element 60 so that upon rotation of the latter around the X axis corresponds the sliding of the piston element 80 along the Y axis and vice versa.

To allow the reciprocal action of the piston element 80 on the cam element 60, the elastic means 90 can act on the former to bring it back from the proximal to the distal position. For this purpose, they can be placed in the working chamber 70 so that their position of maximum elongation corresponds to the distal position of the piston element 80, while the proximal position of the latter corresponds to that of minimum elongation.

On the other hand, in another embodiment, the elastic means can be placed in the working chamber 70 so that their position of maximum elongation corresponds to the proximal position of the piston element 80, while to that of minimum elongation matches the distal position of the latter. In this case, the piston element 80 and the cam element 60 can be mechanically connected to each other.

Depending on the configuration and / or size of the elastic means 90, in this way it will be possible to automatically close the door D from the open position or simply return the piston element 80 to the distal position to interact with the cam element 60 when the door is opened or closed.

This last action depends on the configuration of the cam element 60, and more particularly on the inclination of its operating surface 61. Depending on the latter, in fact, when the door D is opened the The piston element 80 will be able to pass from the distal to the proximal position, as for example in the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 10 to 18b, or from proximal to distal position, such as in the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. from 19 to 22b.

Advantageously, the front face 81 of the piston element 80 can be made of a metallic material, for example steel, which can be harder than the metallic material in which the operating surface 61 of the cam element 60 is made. In this way, with the use the front face 81 will create a guide channel along the operative surface 61.

In a preferred but not exclusive embodiment, the working chamber may also include a working fluid, for example oil, acting on the piston element 80 to hydraulically oppose its action. In this case, the piston element 80 will be able to separate the working chamber 70 into a first and a second variable volume compartment 72, 73, which are fluidly communicating and adjacent to each other.

A hydraulic circuit 100 may also be provided for the flow of the working fluid between the first and the second variable volume compartment 72, 73 upon the passage of the front face 81 from the other of the distal or proximal positions to the initial one.

Advantageously, the piston element 80 may comprise unidirectional valve means for controlling the passage of the working fluid between the first and the second compartment 72, 73 upon passage of the front face 81 from one of the distal positions or proximal to the other of the distal or proximal positions.

Conveniently, the valve means may include a control element, for example a shutter 82, sliding in a seat 83 integrally movable with the piston element 80. The shutter 82 will slide along the Y axis to shut / free selectively a first inlet / outlet port 84 of the seat 83, so as to selectively open / close the fluidic connection between the first and the second compartment 72, 73.

In particular, the seat 83 may include, in addition to the first inlet / outlet port 84, a second inlet / outlet port 85, which may have a passage section greater than that of the first inlet / outlet port 84. Conveniently, the seat 83 can be sized to allow the shutter 82 to slide along the Y axis.

The shutter 82, the first inlet / outlet port 84 and the second inlet / outlet port 85 can then be sized so that when the shutter 82 frees the first inlet / outlet port 84 the working fluid draws through the second inlet / outlet port 85 to put the first and second compartments 72, 73 in fluid communication and when the shutter 82 blocks the first inlet / outlet port 84 the working fluid is forced to pass through the circuit 100.

In a preferred but not exclusive embodiment, the piston element 80 may include a tubular element 86 with a front portion 87 located in the second compartment 73, a rear portion 88 located in the first compartment 72 and a side wall 89 facing the side wall 74 of the working chamber 70.

The front and rear portions 87, 88 of the tubular element 86 may be in fluid communication with each other and with the seat 83 of the valve means. For this purpose, the tubular element 86 may include a discoidal element 88â € ™ interposed between the rear portion 88 of the same and the elastic means 90 which may include the seat 83, the shutter 82, the first inlet / outlet port 84 and the second entry / exit light 85.

In a preferred but not exclusive embodiment, the piston element 80 may further include a rod 110 with a first end 111 integrally coupled with the front portion 87 of the tubular element 86 and a second end 112 which includes the face front 81.

More particularly, the stem 110 may include a longitudinal through hole 113 with a first inlet / outlet opening 114 and a pair of second inlet / outlet openings 115, 115â € ™.

The stem 110 can be inserted through the front portion 87 of the tubular element 86 so that the opening 114 is placed in fluid communication with the first and second inlet / outlet ports 84, 85 of the seat 83 of the valve means and the second inlet / outlet openings 115, 115â € ™ are placed in fluid communication with the second compartment 73.

In this way, the first and second compartments 72, 73 are placed in fludic communication through the through hole 113 of the stem 110, which can be connected with the tubular element 86 by means of the pin 116.

Advantageously, the hydraulic circuit 100 can be made inside the box-shaped hinge body 11 outside the working chamber 70 and can have a first inlet / outlet opening 101 in the second compartment 73 and a second and a third inlet / outlet opening 102, 103. in the first compartment 72.

In a preferred but not exclusive embodiment, illustrated for example in FIGS. 15 to 22b, the valve means can be configured to close when the front face 81 of the piston element 80 passes from the distal to the proximal position, so as to force the working fluid to pass from the first compartment 72 to the second compartment 73 entering the hydraulic circuit 100 through the second and third opening 102, 103 and exiting it through the first opening 101.

In this case, the valve means may open upon passage of the front face 81 from the proximal to the distal position, so as to allow the working fluid to pass from the second compartment 73 to the first compartment 72 through them. For this purpose, the second inlet / outlet port 85 of the seat 83 may face the first space 72, while the first inlet / outlet port 84 may face the second space 73.

In such embodiments, the third opening 103 will be able to remain fluidically decoupled from the side wall 89 of the tubular element 86 for the entire travel of the piston element 80 from the distal to the proximal position.

The second opening 102, on the other hand, can remain fluidically decoupled from the side wall 89 of the tubular element 86 for a first initial portion of the stroke of the piston element 80, illustrated in FIGS. 17a and 21a, and can remain fluidically coupled with the side wall 89 for a second final stretch of said stroke, illustrated in Figures 18a and 22a.

In this way, the door D will have a first resistance to movement in closing / opening for a first angular section Î ± 1 of rotation thereof about the X axis corresponding to the first initial section of the stroke of the piston element 80 and a second resistance to the closing / opening movement of the door D for a second angular section Î ± 2 of rotation of the same around the X axis corresponding to the second final section of its stroke.

Conveniently, first and second means 120, 121 may be provided for adjusting the passage section of the second and third opening 102, 103 respectively, for example respective screws.

Thanks to this feature, it will be possible for a user to independently adjust the first and second resistance to the closing / opening movement of door D.

In these embodiments, the elastic means 90 may include a damping spring, that is a spring whose size and / or configuration is sufficient to bring the piston element from the proximal to the distal position but not to guarantee the automatic closing of door D from the open position.

The hinge thus configured will be a control hinge for controlling the revolving movement of the door D.

In particular, in the embodiments in which the cam element 60 is configured in such a way that upon opening the port D the piston element passes from the distal to the proximal position, as for example in the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. from 15 to 18b, the hinge 1 will be able to control the revolving movement of the door D when it is opened.

On the other hand, in the embodiments in which the cam element 60 is configured in such a way that upon opening the port D the piston element passes from the proximal to the distal position, such as for example in the form embodiment illustrated in FIGS. from 19 to 22b, the hinge 1 will be able to control the revolving movement of the door D when it is closed.

In an alternative embodiment, illustrated for example in FIGS. from 10 to 14b, said valve means can be configured to open when the front face 81 of the piston element 80 passes from the distal to the proximal position, so as to allow the passage of the working fluid from the first compartment 72 to the second compartment 73, and close when it passes from the proximal to the distal position, in order to force the working fluid to pass from the second compartment 73 to the first compartment 72 entering the hydraulic circuit 100 through the first opening 101 and exiting it through the second and third opening 102, 103.

For this purpose, the second inlet / outlet port 85 of the seat 83 may face the second space 73, while the first inlet / outlet port 84 may face the first space 72.

In this embodiment, the third opening 103 of the circuit 100 can remain fluidically decoupled from the side wall 89 of the tubular element 86 for the entire stroke of the piston element 80 from the proximal to the distal position, so that the D has a third predetermined closing speed.

On the other hand, the second opening 102 of the circuit 100 can remain fluidly coupled with the side wall 89 of the tubular element 86 for a first initial stretch of the stroke of the piston element 80, illustrated for example in FIG. 14a , so that door D has a predetermined closing speed.

The second opening 102, then, can remain fluidically decoupled from the side wall 89 of the tubular element 86 for a second final stretch of the stroke of the piston element 80, illustrated for example in FIG. 13a, so that the door D click into the closed position.

Advantageously, third means 122 may be provided for adjusting the passage section of the second opening 102, for example a suitable screw, so as to allow a user to adjust the force with which the door D snaps towards the closed position .

Fourth means 123 may also be provided for adjusting the passage section di of the third opening 103, so as to allow a user to adjust the closing speed of door D.

In this embodiment, the cam element 60 can be configured in such a way that upon opening the door D the piston element 80 passes from the distal to the proximal position.

Conveniently, the elastic means 90 may include a thrust spring, that is a spring whose size and / or configuration is sufficient to guarantee the automatic closing of the door D from the open position. The hinge thus configured will be a closing hinge for the automatic closing of door D from the open position.

From what has been described above, it is evident that the invention achieves the intended aim and objects. The invention is susceptible of numerous modifications and variations. All the details can be replaced by other technically equivalent elements, and the materials can be different according to the requirements, without departing from the scope of protection of the invention defined by the attached claims.

Claims (11)

CLAIMS 1. A hinge for the controlled rotating movement of a door (D) or similar closing element anchored to a wall (W) or similar stationary support, the hinge comprising a fixed element (10) and a movable element (20) between them rotatably coupled to rotate between an open position and a closed position around a first longitudinal axis (X), said fixed element (10) including a box-shaped hinge body (11), said movable element (20) including a fixing wing (21) anchored to the door (D), wherein said box-shaped hinge body (11) includes at least one working chamber (70) defining a second longitudinal axis (Y) which comprises a bottom wall (71), a piston element (80) sliding along said second longitudinal axis ( Y) and elastic means (90) operatively connected to said piston element (80), the latter including a front face (81), in which the hinge includes a cam element (60) rotating around said first axis (X) facing the front face (81) of the piston element (80) and interacting with it so that upon rotation of the element cam (60) around the first axis (X) corresponds to the sliding of the piston element (80) along the second axis (Y) and vice versa, said piston element (80) being sliding along said second longitudinal axis (Y ) between a position proximal to said bottom wall (71) and a position distal from this, said elastic means (90) acting on said piston element (80) to bring it back from the proximal to the distal position, in which said working chamber (70) further includes a working fluid acting on said piston element (80) to hydraulically oppose its action, said piston element (80) separating said working chamber (70) in at least one first and second compartment with variable volume (72, 73) communicating fluidly and preferably adjacent to each other, said elastic means (90) being placed in said first compartment (72) so that said at least one first and second compartment (72, 73) have respectively maximum and minimum volume at the distal position of said piston element (80) and respectively minimum and maximum volume at the proximal position of the same (80), in which said piston element (80) comprises unidirectional valve means (82) for controlling the passage of the working fluid between said at least a first and a second compartment (72, 73) upon the passage of said face front (81) from one of the distal and proximal positions to the other of the distal and proximal positions, a hydraulic circuit (100) being provided for the flow of the working fluid between said at least a first and a second variable volume compartment (72, 73) when said front face (81) passes from the other of the distal and proximal positions to one of the distal and proximal positions, wherein said piston element (80) further includes a tubular element (86) with a front portion (87) placed in said second compartment (73), a rear portion (88) placed in said first compartment (72) and a wall side wall (89) facing the side wall (74) of said working chamber (70), said hydraulic circuit (100) being made inside said box-shaped hinge body (11) outside said at least one working chamber (70) and presenting at least a first inlet / outlet opening (101) in said second compartment (73) and a second and a third inlet / outlet opening (102, 103) in said first compartment (72), said second opening (102) being located upstream of said third opening (103). 2. Hinge according to claim 1, wherein said valve means (82) are configured to open upon the passage of said front face (81) from the proximal to the distal position, so as to allow the passage of the working fluid from the second compartment (73) to the first compartment (72), and close when said front face (81) passes from the distal to the proximal position, so as to force the working fluid to pass from the first compartment (72 ) to the second compartment (73) entering said hydraulic circuit (100) through said second and third opening (102, 103) and exiting it through said first opening (101). 3. Hinge according to claim 2, wherein said third opening (103) remains fluidly decoupled from the side wall (89) of said tubular element (86) for the entire travel of said piston element (80) from distal to proximal position , said second opening (102) remaining fluidically decoupled from the side wall (89) of said tubular element (86) for a first initial portion of said stroke and remaining fluidly coupled with the side wall (89) of said tubular element (86) for a second final portion of said stroke, so that said door (D) has a first resistance to movement in closing / opening for a first angular portion (Î ± 1) of rotation thereof around said first axis (X) corresponding to said first initial portion of the stroke of said piston element (80) and a second resistance to door opening / closing movement (D) for a second angular portion (Î ± 2) of rotation of the same a around said first axis (X) corresponding to the second final stretch of said stroke. 4. Hinge according to claim 3, comprising first and second means (120, 121) for adjusting the passage section of said second and said third opening (102, 103) respectively, so as to allow a user to independently adjust said first and / or said second resistance to door closing / opening movement (D). Hinge according to claim 4, wherein said elastic means (90) includes a damping spring, so that the hinge is a control hinge for controlling the pivotal movement of the door (D). 6. Hinge according to claim 5, wherein said cam element (60) is configured in such a way that upon opening the door (D) said piston element (80) passes from said distal position to said position proximal, said first and second adjustment means (120, 121) being able to adjust the first and second resistance to the movement of the door (D) along said first and second angular stretch (Î ± 1, Î ± 2) at the act of its opening. 7. Hinge according to claim 5, wherein said cam element (60) is configured in such a way that upon opening the door (D) said piston element (80) passes from said proximal position to said position distal, said first and second adjustment means (120, 121) being able to adjust the first and second resistance to the movement of the door (D) along said first and second angular stretch (Î ± 1, Î ± 2) at the act of its closure. 8. Hinge according to claim 1, wherein said valve means (82) are configured to open upon the passage of said front face (81) from the distal to the proximal position, so as to allow the passage of the working fluid from the first compartment (72) to the second compartment (73), and close when said front face (81) passes from the proximal to the distal position, so as to force the working fluid to pass from the second compartment (73 ) to the first compartment (72) entering said hydraulic circuit (100) through said first opening (101) and exiting it through said second and third openings (102, 103). 9. Hinge according to claim 8, wherein said third opening (103) remains fluidly decoupled from the side wall (89) of said tubular element (86) for the entire travel of said piston element (80) from proximal to distal position , so that said door (D) has a predetermined closing / opening speed, said second opening (102) remaining fluidly coupled with the side wall (89) of said tubular element (86) for a first initial portion of said stroke and remaining fluidically decoupled from the side wall (89) of said tubular element (86) for a second final stretch of said stroke, so that the door (D) snaps towards the closed / open position. 10. Hinge according to claim 9, comprising third means (122) for adjusting the passage section of said second opening (102), so as to allow a user to adjust the force with which the door (D) snaps towards the closed / open position, fourth means (123) being further provided for adjusting the passage section of said third opening (103), so as to allow a user to adjust the door opening / closing speed (D). 11. Hinge according to claim 10, wherein said cam element (60) is configured in such a way that upon opening the door (D) said piston element (80) passes from said distal position to said position proximal, said elastic means (90) including a thrust spring so that the hinge is a hinge for automatic closing of the door (D) from the open position, said third and fourth adjustment means (122, 123) being adapted to adjust the force of the door click (D) towards the closed position and the speed of the same when it is closed.