ITUB20155453A1 - STRUCTURE RESISTANT TO CUTTING AND DRILLING FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF ARMORED AND SIMILAR WALLS - Google Patents
STRUCTURE RESISTANT TO CUTTING AND DRILLING FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF ARMORED AND SIMILAR WALLS Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ITUB20155453A1 ITUB20155453A1 ITUB2015A005453A ITUB20155453A ITUB20155453A1 IT UB20155453 A1 ITUB20155453 A1 IT UB20155453A1 IT UB2015A005453 A ITUB2015A005453 A IT UB2015A005453A IT UB20155453 A ITUB20155453 A IT UB20155453A IT UB20155453 A1 ITUB20155453 A1 IT UB20155453A1
- Authority
- IT
- Italy
- Prior art keywords
- rotating bodies
- layer
- shaped
- structure according
- cutting
- Prior art date
Links
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- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- IUWCPXJTIPQGTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium cobalt Chemical compound [Cr].[Co].[Co].[Co] IUWCPXJTIPQGTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium atom Chemical compound [Nb] GUCVJGMIXFAOAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011031 topaz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052853 topaz Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Drilling And Boring (AREA)
Description
DESCRI ZI ONE DESCRIPTION
La presente invenzione si riferisce al settore dei sistemi anti-intrusìone, in particolare a costruzioni di strutture blindate, quali casseforti, porte, pareti e simili. The present invention relates to the sector of anti-intrusion systems, in particular to constructions of armored structures, such as safes, doors, walls and the like.
Più in particolare, la presente invenzione si riferisce a una struttura resistente al taglio e alla perforazione per la costruzione di pareti blindate e simili. More particularly, the present invention relates to a cut and puncture resistant structure for the construction of armored walls and the like.
Sfondo dell'Invenzione Background of the Invention
Per la protezione dal furto di oggetti, in particolare quelli di valore, quali gioielli, denaro, e anche documenti, è nota la costruzione di casseforti e strutture blindate in genere. Allo stesso modo, è noto fornire porte, cosiddette porte blindate, per abitazioni, edifici commerciali, o qualsiasi ambiente che necessita di protezione contro le intrusioni. The construction of safes and armored structures in general is known to protect against theft of objects, in particular those of value, such as jewels, money, and even documents. Likewise, it is known to provide doors, so-called armored doors, for homes, commercial buildings, or any environment that needs protection against intrusion.
Tipicamente, tali strutture sono costruite con materiali dotati di idonee caratteristiche meccaniche, quali elevata resistenza meccanica, in particolare resistenza al taglio e alla perforazione. Typically, these structures are built with materials having suitable mechanical characteristics, such as high mechanical resistance, in particular resistance to cutting and perforation.
Il costo di tali materiali è generalmente proporzionale alle loro caratteristiche meccaniche. The cost of these materials is generally proportional to their mechanical characteristics.
Tuttavia, le attrezzature per lo scasso e l’effrazione hanno visto uno sviluppo quasi parallelo, e di volta in volta, i nuovi materiali anti effrazione si rivelano inefficaci. However, burglary and burglary equipment have seen an almost parallel development, and from time to time, the new anti-burglary materials prove to be ineffective.
Le strutture antieffrazione e anti-intrusione si caratterizzano non solo per il tipo di materiale con il quale sono costruite, ma anche per la modalità di costruzione. The anti-burglary and anti-intrusion structures are characterized not only by the type of material with which they are built, but also by the method of construction.
Sono note strutture complesse costituite da una pluralità di strati diversi, anche composti con materiali diversi, nel tentativo di renderle sempre più resistenti al taglio e alla perforazione. Complex structures are known consisting of a plurality of different layers, also composed of different materials, in an attempt to make them more and more resistant to cutting and perforation.
A volte, queste strutture, pur di complessa costruzione, si limitano a prolungare i tempi di taglio e/o perforazione, vanificando il risultato di evitare l'intrusione, in particolare in situazioni dove manca un sistema di sorveglianza. At times, these structures, even if of complex construction, are limited to prolonging the cutting and / or drilling times, nullifying the result of avoiding intrusion, especially in situations where a surveillance system is lacking.
La presente invenzione si propone di risolvere i problemi noti, in particolare di rendere inefficace il taglio e/o la perforazione, anche con strumenti avanzati e di particolare prestazione. In alternativa, la presente invenzione si propone di risolvere i problemi noti costringendo chi utilizza strumenti di scasso e intrusione a dei tempi di operazione molto lunghi, esponendolo al rischio di essere scoperto. The present invention aims to solve known problems, in particular to make cutting and / or perforation ineffective, even with advanced and particularly performing tools. Alternatively, the present invention aims to solve known problems by forcing those who use burglary and intrusion tools to very long operation times, exposing them to the risk of being discovered.
Sommario deirinvenzione Summary of the invention
È stata trovata una struttura antiscasso, antieffrazione e anti-intrusione che risponde alle necessità sopra esposte, caratterizzata dal fatto di comprendere almeno uno strato composto da una pluralità di corpi liberamente rotanti. An anti-burglary, anti-burglary and anti-intrusion structure has been found which responds to the above needs, characterized in that it comprises at least one layer composed of a plurality of freely rotating bodies.
È un oggetto della presente invenzione una struttura antiscasso e antiintrusione comprendente più strati e caratterizzata dal fatto di comprendere almeno uno strato interno costituito da una pluralità di corpi liberamente rotanti. An object of the present invention is an anti-burglary and anti-intrusion structure comprising several layers and characterized in that it comprises at least one internal layer consisting of a plurality of freely rotating bodies.
In una realizzazione dell'invenzione, detti corpi rotanti sono sfere. In an embodiment of the invention, said rotating bodies are spheres.
In una realizzazione dell’invenzione, detti corpi rotanti sono cilindri. In an embodiment of the invention, said rotating bodies are cylinders.
In una realizzazione dell’invenzione, detti corpi rotanti sono sfere e cilindri. Secondo una realizzazione dell’invenzione, detti corpi rotanti sono di materiale duro, molto duro o superduro. Secondo un’altra realizzazione dell’invenzione, detti corpi rotanti sono composti da o rivestiti con un materiale con un coefficiente di attrito basso, oppure materiale autolubrificante. In an embodiment of the invention, said rotating bodies are spheres and cylinders. According to an embodiment of the invention, said rotating bodies are made of hard, very hard or super hard material. According to another embodiment of the invention, said rotating bodies are composed of or coated with a material with a low friction coefficient, or self-lubricating material.
In una realizzazione esemplificativa dell’invenzione, la struttura comprende: a. un primo strato superiore (o esterno) di materiale da costruzione; b. un secondo strato sagomato in modo tale da accogliere detti corpi rotanti; In an exemplary embodiment of the invention, the structure comprises: a. a first top (or outer) layer of building material; b. a second layer shaped in such a way as to accommodate said rotating bodies;
c. un terzo strato formato da detti corpi rotanti; c. a third layer formed by said rotating bodies;
d. un quarto strato sagomato in modo tale da accogliere detti corpi rotanti di detto terzo strato e altresì sagomato in modo da accogliere un’ulteriore serie di detti corpi rotanti che formano d. a fourth layer shaped in such a way as to accommodate said rotating bodies of said third layer and also shaped so as to accommodate a further series of said rotating bodies which form
e. un quinto strato sottostante detto quarto strato; And. a fifth layer below said fourth layer;
f. un sesto strato sagomato in modo tale da accogliere detti corpi rotanti di detto quinto strato; f. a sixth layer shaped in such a way as to receive said rotating bodies of said fifth layer;
g. un settimo strato inferiore (o interno) di materiale da costruzione. In un’altra realizzazione esemplificativa dell’invenzione, la struttura comprende: g. a seventh lower (or inner) layer of building material. In another exemplary embodiment of the invention, the structure includes:
a. un primo strato superiore (o esterno) di materiale da costruzione; b. un secondo strato formato da detti corpi rotanti, to. a first top (or outer) layer of building material; b. a second layer formed by said rotating bodies,
c. un terzo strato inferiore (o interno) di materiale da costruzione. c. a third lower (or inner) layer of building material.
In ancora un’altra realizzazione esemplificativa dell’invenzione, nel caso di corpi rotanti a forma di sfera e di cilindro, gli strati sagomati sono disposti in modo che le loro facce sagomate presentino le parti concave affacciate ai corpi rotanti e le sagomature sono realizzate in conformità con i corpi rotanti a forma di cilindro, oppure in conformità con i corpi rotanti a forma di cilindro e anche a forma di sfera. In yet another exemplary embodiment of the invention, in the case of rotating bodies in the shape of a sphere and cylinder, the shaped layers are arranged so that their shaped faces have the concave parts facing the rotating bodies and the shapes are made in conformity with the rotating bodies in the shape of a cylinder, or in accordance with the rotating bodies in the shape of a cylinder and also in the shape of a sphere.
È un altro oggetto della presente invenzione una struttura blindata, in particolare porte per edifici di civile abitazione o commerciali, pareti, paratie, divisori, casseforti, armadi blindati, carrozzerie per autoveicoli, strutture per infissi e inferriate comprendente almeno una struttura antiscasso, antieffrazione e anti-intrusione della presente invenzione. Another object of the present invention is an armored structure, in particular doors for residential or commercial buildings, walls, bulkheads, partitions, safes, armored cabinets, bodywork for motor vehicles, structures for fixtures and railings comprising at least one anti-burglary, anti-burglary and anti-intrusion device of the present invention.
Grazie alla suddetta pluralità di corpi, la struttura secondo la presente invenzione è in grado di resistere e perfino rendere inefficace uno strumento di taglio o di foratura anche di elevate prestazioni. Thanks to the aforementioned plurality of bodies, the structure according to the present invention is capable of resisting and even rendering ineffective a cutting or drilling tool even of high performance.
Questi e altri vantaggi saranno ora illustrati nella descrizione dettagliata che segue anche per mezzo di figure ed esempi. These and other advantages will now be illustrated in the detailed description which follows also by means of figures and examples.
Nelle Figure: In the Figures:
La Figura 1 mostra di fronte di un elemento di base di una realizzazione della presente invenzione, dove si nota uno strato caratterizzante il presente trovato costituito da corpi rotanti sferici. Figure 1 shows a front view of a base element of an embodiment of the present invention, where a layer characterizing the present invention is noted, consisting of spherical rotating bodies.
La Figura 2 mostra una vista in prospettiva e in esploso di una realizzazione della presente invenzione, dove si possono notare due strati caratterizzanti il presente trovato costituiti da corpi rotanti sferici. Figure 2 shows a perspective and exploded view of an embodiment of the present invention, where two layers characterizing the present invention can be seen, consisting of spherical rotating bodies.
La Figura 3 mostra una vista in prospettiva di un dettaglio del doppio strato caratterizzante della realizzazione mostrata in Figura 2. Figure 3 shows a perspective view of a detail of the double layer characterizing the embodiment shown in Figure 2.
La Figura 4 mostra una vista laterale del dettaglio mostrato in Figura 3. La Figura 5 mostra una vista in prospettiva e in esploso di un’altra realizzazione della presente invenzione, dove si vede uno strato caratterizzante il presente trovato costituito da corpi rotanti sferici e cilindrici. Figure 4 shows a side view of the detail shown in Figure 3. Figure 5 shows a perspective and exploded view of another embodiment of the present invention, showing a layer characterizing the present invention consisting of spherical and cylindrical rotating bodies .
La Figura 6 mostra una vista in prospettiva e in assemblato della realizzazione mostrata in Figura 5. Figure 6 shows a perspective and assembled view of the embodiment shown in Figure 5.
La Figura 7 mostra una vista in prospettiva e in esploso di un’altra realizzazione della presente invenzione, dove si vede uno strato caratterizzante il presente trovato costituito da corpi rotanti sferici e cilindrici, ma con un diverso alloggiamento. Figure 7 shows a perspective and exploded view of another embodiment of the present invention, where you can see a layer characterizing the present invention consisting of spherical and cylindrical rotating bodies, but with a different housing.
La Figura 8 mostra una vista schematica in sezione di un’altra realizzazione della presente invenzione, dove si vedono diversi strati caratterizzanti il presente trovato disposti in maniera casuale all’interno della struttura blindata. Figure 8 shows a schematic sectional view of another embodiment of the present invention, where you can see different layers characterizing the present invention arranged randomly within the armored structure.
Descrizione dettagliata dell’invenzione. Detailed description of the invention.
Con riferimento alla Figura 1 , l’elemento (1) di base e unitario del trovato secondo la presente invenzione è uno strato compreso nella struttura qui descritta, costituito da un primo strato (11) superiore (o esterno) di materiale da costruzione, preferibilmente materiale idoneo alla costruzione di strutture antiscasso e anti-intrusione, più preferibilmente di una durezza atta a offrire un primo grado di resistenza a strumenti di taglio o foratura; seguito da un secondo strato (13) intermedio comprendente una pluralità di corpi liberamente rotanti, e un ultimo, terzo strato (12) inferiore (o interno) di materiale da costruzione, preferibilmente materiale idoneo alla costruzione di strutture antiscasso e anti-intrusione, più preferibilmente di una durezza atta a offrire un primo grado di resistenza a strumenti di taglio 0 foratura. With reference to Figure 1, the basic and unitary element (1) of the invention according to the present invention is a layer included in the structure described here, consisting of a first upper (or outer) layer (11) of construction material, preferably material suitable for the construction of burglar-proof and anti-intrusion structures, more preferably of a hardness capable of offering a first degree of resistance to cutting or drilling tools; followed by a second intermediate layer (13) comprising a plurality of freely rotating bodies, and a last, third lower (or internal) layer (12) of construction material, preferably material suitable for the construction of burglar-proof and anti-intrusion structures, plus preferably of a hardness capable of offering a first degree of resistance to cutting or drilling tools.
1 corpi rotanti (13) possono essere di varia forma, con la condizione che possano ruotare liberamente nello spazio (14) costituito da detto primo e detto terzo strato, senza essere frenati dall’attrito. The rotating bodies (13) can be of various shapes, with the condition that they can rotate freely in the space (14) consisting of said first and said third layer, without being braked by friction.
In una realizzazione dell'invenzione, detti corpi rotanti sono sfere o cilindri o un insieme di sfere e cilindri. In an embodiment of the invention, said rotating bodies are spheres or cylinders or a set of spheres and cylinders.
Detti corpi rotanti sono disposti nello spazio formato da detti primo e terzo strato in un numero sufficiente a riempire detto spazio, senza lasciare spazi tali da consentire a uno strumento di taglio, ad esempio la lama di una sega, o di foratura, ad esempio la punta di un trapano di attraversare detto spazio. Said rotating bodies are arranged in the space formed by said first and third layers in a sufficient number to fill said space, without leaving spaces such as to allow a cutting tool, for example the blade of a saw, or for drilling, for example the drill bit to cross said space.
Un accorgimento utile è di riempire detto spazio di un numero sufficiente di corpi rotanti senza che questi risultino frenati nella loro rotazione dal reciproco attrito. I corpi rotanti devono riempire lo spazio in modo tale da non lasciare dei vuoti tali da consentire il passaggio di un attrezzo da taglio o foratura. A useful expedient is to fill said space with a sufficient number of rotating bodies without these being held back in their rotation by mutual friction. The rotating bodies must fill the space in such a way as not to leave gaps such as to allow the passage of a cutting or drilling tool.
In alternativa, si può riempire detto spazio anche con i corpi a reciproco contatto, purché il materiale che li costituisce abbia un coefficiente di attrito sufficientemente basso, oppure materiale autolubrificante, oppure detti corpi sono rivestiti di materiale a basso coefficiente di attrito o autolubrificante. Alternatively, said space can also be filled with the bodies in mutual contact, provided that the material which constitutes them has a sufficiently low coefficient of friction, or self-lubricating material, or said bodies are coated with a material with a low coefficient of friction or self-lubricating.
In alternativa, detto spazio può contenere una idonea quantità di lubrificante. Alternatively, said space can contain a suitable quantity of lubricant.
Con riferimento alla Figura 2, si descrive una realizzazione della presente invenzione. With reference to Figure 2, an embodiment of the present invention is described.
La struttura (2) secondo la presente invenzione comprende un primo strato (21 ) superiore (o esterno) di materiale da costruzione, preferibilmente materiale idoneo alla costruzione di strutture antiscasso e anti-intrusione, più preferibilmente di una durezza atta a offrire un primo grado di resistenza a strumenti di taglio o foratura; seguito da un secondo strato (22) sagomato in modo tale da accogliere detti corpi rotanti, un terzo strato (23) formato da detti corpi rotanti (23), un quarto strato (24) sagomato in modo tale da accogliere detti corpi rotanti di detto terzo strato e altresì sagomato in modo da accogliere un’ulteriore serie di detti corpi rotanti (25) che formano un quinto strato sottostante detto strato (24), un sesto strato (26) sagomato in modo tale da accogliere detti corpi rotanti (25) di detto quinto strato, e infine un settimo strato (27) inferiore (o interno) di materiale da costruzione, preferibilmente materiale idoneo alla costruzione di strutture antiscasso e anti-intrusione, più preferibilmente di una durezza atta a offrire un secondo grado di resistenza a strumenti di taglio o foratura. In una realizzazione dell’invenzione, dove i corpi rotanti sono a forma di sfera, come si può vedere dai dettagli nelle Figure 3 e 4, gli strati sagomati (33, 35, 37 per la Figura 3 e 42, 44, 46 per la Figura 4) sono disposti in modo che lo strato sagomato superiore (33 o 42, rispettivamente nelle Figure 3 e 4), in questa realizzazione sagomato in conformità dei corpi rotanti a forma di sfera, è disposto in modo che la sua faccia inferiore presenti le parti convesse affacciate alle sfere (rispettivamente 34 e 43 per le Figure 3 e 4), lo strato sagomato intermedio (rispettivamente 35 o 44 per le Figure 3 e 4), in questa realizzazione sagomato in conformità dei corpi rotanti a forma di sfera, è disposto in modo che la sua faccia superiore presenti le parti convesse affacciate alle sfere (rispettivamente 34 e 43 per le Figure 3 e 4), e detto strato sagomato intermedio (35 o 44, rispettivamente nelle Figure 3 e 4), in questa realizzazione sagomato in conformità dei corpi rotanti a forma di sfera, è disposto in modo che la sua faccia inferiore presenti le parti concave affacciate alle sfere (rispettivamente 36 e 45 per le Figure 3 e 4) che formano detto quinto strato. Infine, lo strato sagomato inferiore (rispettivamente 37 o 46 per le Figure 3 e 4), in questa realizzazione sagomato in conformità dei corpi rotanti a forma di sfera, è disposto in modo che la sua faccia superiore presenti le parti convesse affacciate alle sfere (rispettivamente 36 e 45 per le Figure 3 e 4) che formano detto quinto strato. The structure (2) according to the present invention comprises a first upper (or external) layer (21) of building material, preferably material suitable for the construction of burglar-proof and anti-intrusion structures, more preferably of a hardness capable of offering a first degree resistance to cutting or drilling tools; followed by a second layer (22) shaped in such a way as to accommodate said rotating bodies, a third layer (23) formed by said rotating bodies (23), a fourth layer (24) shaped in such a way as to receive said rotating bodies of said third layer is also shaped so as to accommodate a further series of said rotating bodies (25) which form a fifth layer below said layer (24), a sixth layer (26) shaped in such a way as to receive said rotating bodies (25) of said fifth layer, and finally a seventh lower (or internal) layer (27) of construction material, preferably material suitable for the construction of burglar-proof and anti-intrusion structures, more preferably of a hardness capable of offering a second degree of resistance to cutting or drilling tools. In an embodiment of the invention, where the rotating bodies are sphere-shaped, as can be seen from the details in Figures 3 and 4, the shaped layers (33, 35, 37 for Figure 3 and 42, 44, 46 for the Figure 4) are arranged so that the upper shaped layer (33 or 42, respectively in Figures 3 and 4), in this embodiment shaped in accordance with the ball-shaped rotating bodies, is arranged so that its lower face has the convex parts facing the spheres (respectively 34 and 43 for Figures 3 and 4), the intermediate shaped layer (respectively 35 or 44 for Figures 3 and 4), in this embodiment shaped in accordance with the sphere-shaped rotating bodies, is arranged so that its upper face has the convex parts facing the spheres (34 and 43 respectively for Figures 3 and 4), and said intermediate shaped layer (35 or 44, respectively in Figures 3 and 4), in this shaped embodiment in accordance with the shaped rotating bodies sphere, is arranged so that its lower face has the concave parts facing the spheres (respectively 36 and 45 for Figures 3 and 4) which form said fifth layer. Finally, the lower shaped layer (respectively 37 or 46 for Figures 3 and 4), in this embodiment shaped in accordance with the sphere-shaped rotating bodies, is arranged so that its upper face has the convex parts facing the spheres ( 36 and 45 respectively for Figures 3 and 4) which form said fifth layer.
La sagomatura di detti secondo, quarto e sesto strato è opportunamente realizzata in modo tale che dette sfere di detto terzo e quinto strato possano ruotare liberamente e indipendentemente l’una dall’altra, senza che l'attrito sia da freno alla rotazione. The shaping of said second, fourth and sixth layers is suitably made in such a way that said spheres of said third and fifth layer can rotate freely and independently of each other, without friction being a brake on rotation.
Come nel caso dei corpi rotanti, anche detti strati sagomati possono essere realizzati o rivestiti in materiale a basso coefficiente di attrito, o in alternativa un fluido lubrificante può essere contenuto nello spazio che si forma tra i corpi rotanti e detti strati sagomati. As in the case of rotating bodies, also said shaped layers can be made or coated in a material with a low coefficient of friction, or alternatively a lubricating fluid can be contained in the space formed between the rotating bodies and said shaped layers.
Se desiderato, detti strati sagomati possono essere realizzati in materiale antiscasso o antieffrazione o anti-intrusione, in particolare in materiale atto a offrire resistenza al taglio o foratura. If desired, said shaped layers can be made of anti-burglary or anti-burglary or anti-intrusion material, in particular of material suitable for offering resistance to cutting or drilling.
Gli strati esterno (21 , 31 , 41 , rispettivamente nelle Figure 2-4) e interno (27, 38, 47, rispettivamente nelle Figure 2-4) possono anch’essi, se desiderato essere realizzati in idoneo materiale resistente al taglio o alla foratura. The outer (21, 31, 41, respectively in Figures 2-4) and inner (27, 38, 47, respectively in Figures 2-4) layers can also, if desired, be made of suitable material resistant to cutting or drilling.
Con riferimento alla Figura 5, si descrive un’altra realizzazione della presente invenzione. With reference to Figure 5, another embodiment of the present invention is described.
La struttura (5) secondo la presente invenzione comprende un primo strato superiore (o esterno) (51) di materiale da costruzione, preferibilmente materiale idoneo alla costruzione di strutture antiscasso e anti-intrusione, più preferibilmente di una durezza atta a offrire un primo grado di resistenza a strumenti di taglio o foratura, sagomato in modo tale da accogliere detti corpi rotanti, un secondo strato (52) formato da detti corpi rotanti (521 , 522), un terzo strato (53) inferiore (o interno) di materiale da costruzione, preferibilmente materiale idoneo alla costruzione di strutture antiscasso e anti-intrusione, più preferibilmente di una durezza atta a offrire un secondo grado di resistenza a strumenti di taglio o foratura, detto terzo strato è sagomato in modo tale da accogliere detti corpi rotanti di detto secondo strato. The structure (5) according to the present invention comprises a first upper (or outer) layer (51) of construction material, preferably material suitable for the construction of burglary-proof and anti-intrusion structures, more preferably of a hardness capable of offering a first degree of resistance to cutting or drilling tools, shaped in such a way as to accommodate said rotating bodies, a second layer (52) formed by said rotating bodies (521, 522), a third lower (or internal) layer (53) of material to be construction, preferably material suitable for the construction of burglar-proof and anti-intrusion structures, more preferably of a hardness capable of offering a second degree of resistance to cutting or drilling tools, said third layer is shaped in such a way as to accommodate said rotating bodies of said second layer.
In una realizzazione dell’invenzione, dove nella struttura (5) i corpi rotanti sono a forma di sfera e di cilindro, gli strati sagomati (511 , 512 per lo strato 51 e 531 , 532 per lo strato 53), in questa realizzazione sagomati in conformità dei corpi rotanti a forma di sfera e di cilindro, sono disposti in modo che le loro facce sagomate presentino le parti concave affacciate ai corpi rotanti (sfere 522 e cilindri 521). In an embodiment of the invention, where in the structure (5) the rotating bodies are in the shape of a sphere and cylinder, the shaped layers (511, 512 for the layer 51 and 531, 532 for the layer 53), in this embodiment shaped according to the rotating bodies in the form of a sphere and a cylinder, they are arranged so that their shaped faces have the concave parts facing the rotating bodies (balls 522 and cylinders 521).
La sagomatura di detti strati (51 , 53) è opportunamente realizzata in modo tale che detti corpi rotanti possano ruotare liberamente e indipendentemente gli uni dagli altri, senza che l’attrito sia da freno alla loro rotazione. The shaping of said layers (51, 53) is suitably made in such a way that said rotating bodies can rotate freely and independently from each other, without friction being a brake on their rotation.
Nel caso della realizzazione della Figura 5, le sagomature sono realizzate in modo da alloggiare i corpi rotanti a forma di cilindro, resta inteso che le stesse sagomature possono alloggiare anche i corpi rotanti a forma di sfera. Come nel caso dei corpi rotanti, anche detti strati sagomati possono essere realizzati o rivestiti in materiale a basso coefficiente di attrito, o in alternativa un fluido lubrificante può essere contenuto nello spazio che si forma tra i corpi rotanti e detti strati sagomati. In the case of the embodiment of Figure 5, the shapes are made in such a way as to house the rotating bodies in the shape of a cylinder, it is understood that the same shapes can also house the rotating bodies in the shape of a sphere. As in the case of rotating bodies, also said shaped layers can be made or coated in a material with a low coefficient of friction, or alternatively a lubricating fluid can be contained in the space formed between the rotating bodies and said shaped layers.
Se desiderato, detti strati sagomati possono essere realizzati in materiale antiscasso o antieffrazione o anti-intrusione, in particolare in materiale atto a offrire resistenza al taglio o foratura. If desired, said shaped layers can be made of anti-burglary or anti-burglary or anti-intrusion material, in particular of material suitable for offering resistance to cutting or drilling.
Se desiderato, a detti strati sagomati (51 , 53) possono essere aggiunti rispettivamente uno strato esterno allo strato (51) e uno strato interno allo strato (53) , in materiale da costruzione, eventualmente materiale antiscasso o antieffrazione o anti-intrusione, in particolare in materiale atto a offrire resistenza al taglio o foratura. If desired, an external layer of the layer (51) and an internal layer of the layer (53), in construction material, possibly anti-burglary or anti-burglary or anti-intrusion material, can be added respectively to said shaped layers (51, 53). particularly in material suitable to offer resistance to cutting or drilling.
La Figura 6 mostra la realizzazione della Figura 5 in assemblato (6), dove si notano lo strato sagomato esterno (61), i corpi rotanti (63), sfere e/o cilindri, e lo strato sagomato interno (64). Figure 6 shows the embodiment of Figure 5 in assembled (6), where the external shaped layer (61), the rotating bodies (63), spheres and / or cylinders, and the internal shaped layer (64) are noted.
Con riferimento alla Figura 7, si descrive un’altra realizzazione della presente invenzione, come variante della realizzazione mostrata in Figura 5. La struttura (7) secondo la presente invenzione comprende un primo strato superiore (o esterno) (71) di materiale da costruzione, preferibilmente materiale idoneo alla costruzione di strutture antiscasso e anti-intrusione, più preferibilmente di una durezza atta a offrire un primo grado di resistenza a strumenti di taglio o foratura, sagomato in modo tale da accogliere detti corpi rotanti, un secondo strato (72) formato da detti corpi rotanti (721 , 722), un terzo strato (73) inferiore (o interno) di materiale da costruzione, preferibilmente materiale idoneo alla costruzione di strutture antiscasso e anti-intrusione, più preferibilmente di una durezza atta a offrire un secondo grado di resistenza a strumenti di taglio o foratura, detto terzo strato è sagomato in modo tale da accogliere detti corpi rotanti di detto secondo strato. With reference to Figure 7, another embodiment of the present invention is described, as a variant of the embodiment shown in Figure 5. The structure (7) according to the present invention comprises a first upper (or outer) layer (71) of building material , preferably material suitable for the construction of anti-burglary and anti-intrusion structures, more preferably of a hardness capable of offering a first degree of resistance to cutting or drilling tools, shaped in such a way as to accommodate said rotating bodies, a second layer (72) formed by said rotating bodies (721, 722), a third lower (or internal) layer (73) of construction material, preferably material suitable for the construction of burglar-proof and anti-intrusion structures, more preferably of a hardness capable of offering a second degree of resistance to cutting or drilling tools, said third layer is shaped in such a way as to accommodate said rotating bodies of said second layer.
In una realizzazione dell'invenzione, dove nella struttura (7) i corpi rotanti sono a forma di sfera e di cilindro, gli strati sagomati (711 , 712 per lo strato 71 e 731 , 732 per lo strato 73), in questa realizzazione sagomati in conformità dei corpi rotanti a forma di sfera e di cilindro, sono disposti in modo che le loro facce sagomate presentino le parti concave specificamente affacciate ai corpi rotanti (sagoma 732 per le sfere 722 e sagoma 731 per i cilindri 721 ) . In an embodiment of the invention, where in the structure (7) the rotating bodies are in the shape of a sphere and cylinder, the shaped layers (711, 712 for the layer 71 and 731, 732 for the layer 73), in this embodiment shaped according to the rotating bodies in the shape of a sphere and cylinder, they are arranged so that their shaped faces have the concave parts specifically facing the rotating bodies (shape 732 for the balls 722 and shape 731 for the cylinders 721).
La sagomatura di detti strati (71 , 73) è opportunamente realizzata in modo tale che detti corpi rotanti possano ruotare liberamente e indipendentemente gli uni dagli altri, senza che l’attrito sia da freno alla loro rotazione. The shaping of said layers (71, 73) is suitably made in such a way that said rotating bodies can rotate freely and independently from each other, without friction being a brake on their rotation.
Convenientemente, detti strati sagomati sono realizzati in modo che, una volta interfacciati con lo strato dei corpi rotanti, non creano punti di contatto reciproco, né divisori o intercapedini che isolino i corpi rotanti l’uno dall’altro. Conveniently, said shaped layers are made so that, once interfaced with the layer of rotating bodies, they do not create mutual contact points, nor dividers or cavities that isolate the rotating bodies from each other.
Come nel caso dei corpi rotanti, anche detti strati sagomati possono essere realizzati o rivestiti in materiale a basso coefficiente di attrito, o in alternativa un fluido lubrificante può essere contenuto nello spazio che si forma tra i corpi rotanti e detti strati sagomati. As in the case of rotating bodies, also said shaped layers can be made or coated in a material with a low coefficient of friction, or alternatively a lubricating fluid can be contained in the space formed between the rotating bodies and said shaped layers.
Se desiderato, detti strati sagomati possono essere realizzati in materiale antiscasso o antieffrazione o anti-intrusione, in particolare in materiale atto a offrire resistenza al taglio o foratura. If desired, said shaped layers can be made of anti-burglary or anti-burglary or anti-intrusion material, in particular of material suitable for offering resistance to cutting or drilling.
Se desiderato, a detti strati sagomati (71 , 73) possono essere aggiunti rispettivamente uno strato esterno allo strato (71) e uno strato interno allo strato (73) , in materiale da costruzione, eventualmente materiale antiscasso o antieffrazione o anti-intrusione, in particolare in materiale atto a offrire resistenza al taglio o foratura. If desired, an external layer of the layer (71) and an internal layer of the layer (73), in construction material, possibly anti-burglary or anti-burglary or anti-intrusion material, can be added to said shaped layers (71, 73), respectively. particularly in material suitable to offer resistance to cutting or drilling.
Secondo la presente invenzione, detti corpi rotanti possono essere realizzati in un opportuno materiale resistente all’attrito generato dalla rotazione di detti corpi, tale per cui il materiale non si disgreghi, spezzi, fratturi e comunque non comprometta l'integrità del corpo rotante. Convenientemente, detti corpi sono realizzati in materiale duro, preferibilmente molto dure, più preferibilmente superduro. According to the present invention, said rotating bodies can be made of a suitable material resistant to the friction generated by the rotation of said bodies, such that the material does not disintegrate, break, fracture and in any case does not compromise the integrity of the rotating body. Conveniently, said bodies are made of hard material, preferably very hard, more preferably super hard.
Esempi di materiale per la realizzazione dei corpi rotanti sono vetro, vetro rinforzato, metalli duri, quali acciaio, acciaio temperato, acciaio speciale per dispositivi blindati, quale acciaio al manganese, materiali superduri quali carborundum, nitruri di boro, leghe, materiali naturali e sintetici. In particolare possono essere utilizzati vari tipi di acciaio, quali acciaio al carburo, ad esempio zirconio, niobio, silicio, nichel, cromo, molibdeno, tungsteno, vanadio, cobalto, manganese, lantanio, cadmio, cadmiotungsteno, cadmio-tungsteno- cobalto, cromo-tungsteno, cromo-vanadio, cromo-molibdeno-nichel, cromo tantalio, cromo-silicio, silicio- manganese, nitruro di boro, cromo-cobalto, nitruro di boro cubico, carbonio vitreo, carbonio, ghisa, bronzo .ottone, zama. Possono anche essere utilizzati vari tipi di vetro, ad esempio vetro comune, temperato, rinforzato, al cobalto, cristallo. Si possono utilizzare anche materiali ceramici, ad esempio ceramica, porcellana, gres porcellanato, ceramica di carbonato di silicio, alluminia, nitruro di silicio, ossido di zirconio, corindone, topazio, zaffiri, rubini, pietre comuni, arenaria, granito, dolomia, marmi, magnetite, alluminio, quarzo, grafite, magnesio, silice, pomice, ferro, smeriglio e resine. Examples of materials for the construction of rotating bodies are glass, reinforced glass, hard metals, such as steel, tempered steel, special steel for armored devices, such as manganese steel, super hard materials such as carborundum, boron nitrides, alloys, natural and synthetic materials . In particular, various types of steel can be used, such as carbide steel, for example zirconium, niobium, silicon, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, cobalt, manganese, lanthanum, cadmium, cadmiotungsten, cadmium-tungsten-cobalt, chromium -tungsten, chromium-vanadium, chromium-molybdenum-nickel, chromium tantalum, chromium-silicon, silicon-manganese, boron nitride, chromium-cobalt, cubic boron nitride, vitreous carbon, carbon, cast iron, bronze, brass, zamak. Various types of glass can also be used, such as common, tempered, strengthened, cobalt, crystal glass. Ceramic materials can also be used, for example ceramic, porcelain, porcelain stoneware, silicon carbonate ceramic, aluminia, silicon nitride, zirconium oxide, corundum, topaz, sapphires, rubies, common stones, sandstone, granite, dolomite, marble , magnetite, aluminum, quartz, graphite, magnesium, silica, pumice, iron, emery and resins.
Tutti gli altri strati che compongono la struttura secondo la presente invenzione sono realizzati in materiale da costruzione che può avere caratteristiche antiscasso, antieff razione e anti-intru sione crescenti a seconda delle necessità. All the other layers that make up the structure according to the present invention are made of construction material which can have increasing burglary-proof, anti-burglary and anti-intrusion characteristics according to the needs.
La struttura secondo la presente invenzione, una volta realizzata nella sua parte caratterizzante, ossia almeno uno strato interno costituito da una pluralità di corpi liberamente rotanti, è resistente al taglio e alla foratura. Infatti, una volta che l’attrezzo di taglio (lama) o foratura (punta) raggiunge lo strato formato da detti corpi rotanti, lo stesso attrezzo provoca con la sua azione meccanica la libera rotazione di detti corpi. In questo modo, l’attrezzo, lama o punta, non trova più la resistenza meccanica necessaria a esercitare l’azione di taglio o foratura e, per così dire, “gira a vuoto”. La continua azione dell’attrezzo di foratura o di taglio ne provoca il surriscaldamento fino ad arrivare a provocarne la rottura. Oppure, l’attrezzo di taglio o foratura, stante la costante difficoltà di ingaggiare la superficie dei corpi rotanti in modo da stabilire un sufficiente coefficiente di attrito tale da fermare o rallentare la rotazione di detti corpi in modo tale da avere una superficie sulla quale avanzare nella sua azione di taglio o foratura, impiegherebbe un tempo eccessivo per arrivare alla foratura o taglio completo della struttura dell'Invenzione. The structure according to the present invention, once made in its characterizing part, ie at least one internal layer consisting of a plurality of freely rotating bodies, is resistant to cutting and drilling. In fact, once the cutting tool (blade) or drilling tool (tip) reaches the layer formed by said rotating bodies, the same tool causes with its mechanical action the free rotation of said bodies. In this way, the tool, blade or tip, no longer finds the mechanical resistance necessary to perform the cutting or drilling action and, so to speak, "runs idle". The continuous action of the drilling or cutting tool causes it to overheat until it breaks. Or, the cutting or drilling tool, given the constant difficulty of engaging the surface of the rotating bodies in order to establish a sufficient coefficient of friction such as to stop or slow down the rotation of said bodies in such a way as to have a surface on which to advance in its cutting or drilling action, it would take an excessive time to complete the drilling or cutting of the structure of the invention.
La struttura secondo la presente invenzione presenta il vantaggio fornire un margine di sicurezza indipendentemente dal grado di corazzatura della struttura blindata nella quale è compresa. The structure according to the present invention has the advantage of providing a safety margin regardless of the degree of armor of the armored structure in which it is included.
Infatti, nella realizzazione più semplice, ad esempio un solo strato di corpi rotanti, come ad esempio mostrato in Figura 1 , la presente invenzione comunque è efficace neH'ìmpedire o nel ritardare consistentemente il taglio o la foratura. Tale realizzazione è particolarmente economica. In fact, in the simplest embodiment, for example a single layer of rotating bodies, as for example shown in Figure 1, the present invention is in any case effective in preventing or in consistently delaying cutting or drilling. This realization is particularly economical.
In realizzazioni più complesse, come ad esempio mostrato nelle Figure 5-7, il grado di sicurezza aumenta, soprattutto se lo strato esterno (51 , 61 , 71 ) è in opportuno materiale anti-intrusione. In more complex embodiments, such as shown for example in Figures 5-7, the degree of security increases, especially if the outer layer (51, 61, 71) is made of a suitable anti-intrusion material.
Ad esempio, nella realizzazione mostrata nelle Figure 2-4, il doppio strato di corpi rotanti aggiunge un ulteriore grado di sicurezza, in particolare nel caso di utilizzo di attrezzi di scasso particolarmente sofisticati, ad esempio lame in materiali speciali o punte di trapano in materiali speciali e particolarmente lunghe. For example, in the embodiment shown in Figures 2-4, the double layer of rotating bodies adds a further degree of safety, in particular in the case of using particularly sophisticated burglary tools, for example blades made of special materials or drill bits made of materials. special and particularly long.
Convenientemente, lo strato esterno (21 , 51 , 61 , 71) può essere realizzato in materiale resistente al taglio, alla foratura e all'assalto termico. Conveniently, the outer layer (21, 51, 61, 71) can be made of material resistant to cutting, puncture and thermal assault.
Convenientemente, la struttura secondo la presente invenzione, ad esempio come mostrata in Figura 6, può essere una realizzazione monolitica, per pareti, porte, divisori, e similari. Conveniently, the structure according to the present invention, for example as shown in Figure 6, can be a monolithic embodiment, for walls, doors, partitions, and the like.
Alternativamente, la struttura secondo la presente invenzione può essere anche vista come singolo pannello da assemblare nella realizzazione di strutture blindate. Alternatively, the structure according to the present invention can also be seen as a single panel to be assembled in the construction of armored structures.
Ad esempio, la struttura esemplificativa mostrata nella Figura 7 può costituire una struttura monolitica o a pannelli a strati sovrapposti. Ossia, la struttura esemplificata nella Figura 7 può essere montata in più strati in modo che i corpi rotanti a forma di cilindro abbiano orientamenti diversi tra uno strato e l’altro. For example, the exemplary structure shown in Figure 7 may constitute a monolithic or overlapping layer panel structure. That is, the structure exemplified in Figure 7 can be mounted in several layers so that the cylinder-shaped rotating bodies have different orientations between one layer and another.
Una ancora diversa realizzazione della presente invenzione è mostrata nella Figura 8. In Figura 8A è mostrata una struttura secondo la presente invenzione, dove si vedono i due strati esterni (81 , 82), di normale materiale da costruzione e lo strato (83) secondo la presente invenzione. Nello strato (83) sono disposti in modo alternato, anche casuale, i corpi rotanti (cilindri o sfere) ed elementi di materiale tipico delle strutture blindate. Possono essere usati materiali diversi (qui rappresentati da diversi tratteggi), come elencati in precedenza. I corpi rotanti possono essere situati in singoli alloggiamenti, oppure più corpi rotanti (nella Figura ne sono mostrati due) possono essere situati nello stesso alloggiamento. A still different embodiment of the present invention is shown in Figure 8. Figure 8A shows a structure according to the present invention, where the two outer layers (81, 82), of normal building material and the layer (83) according to the present invention. In the layer (83) the rotating bodies (cylinders or spheres) and elements of material typical of armored structures are arranged alternately, even randomly. Different materials (represented here by different hatches) can be used, as listed above. The rotating bodies can be located in single housings, or multiple rotating bodies (two are shown in the Figure) can be located in the same housing.
In Figura 8 B mostrata un’altra struttura secondo la presente invenzione, dove i due strati esterni sono omessi, e lo strato (84) secondo la presente invenzione. Nello strato (84) sono disposti in modo alternato, anche casuale, i corpi rotanti (cilindri o sfere) ed elementi di materiale tipico delle strutture blindate, come nella Figura 8A. I corpi rotanti possono essere situati in singoli alloggiamenti, oppure più corpi rotanti (nella Figura ne sono mostrati due) possono essere situati nello stesso alloggiamento. In questa realizzazione, i corpi rotanti possono anche essere di dimensioni diverse. La struttura della presente invenzione si presta alla realizzazione di strutture blindate, ad esempio, porte per edifici di civile abitazione o commerciali, pareti, paratie, divisori, casseforti, armadi blindati, carrozzerie per autoveicoli, inferriate e infissi. In Figure 8 B another structure according to the present invention is shown, where the two outer layers are omitted, and the layer (84) according to the present invention. In the layer (84) the rotating bodies (cylinders or spheres) and elements of material typical of armored structures are arranged alternately, even randomly, as in Figure 8A. The rotating bodies can be located in single housings, or multiple rotating bodies (two are shown in the Figure) can be located in the same housing. In this embodiment, the rotating bodies can also be of different sizes. The structure of the present invention is suitable for making armored structures, for example, doors for residential or commercial buildings, walls, bulkheads, partitions, safes, armored cabinets, car bodies, railings and fixtures.
Come esempio di realizzazione, si descrive una struttura secondo la presente invenzione realizzata come descritto nella Figura 7. As an example of embodiment, a structure according to the present invention is described, realized as described in Figure 7.
È stato realizzato un campione di 130 x 35 x 35 mm formato da uno strato di in cui si alternano due tipi di sfere di acciaio per cuscinetti e sfere di vetro senza alloggiamenti sagomati. A sample measuring 130 x 35 x 35 mm was made consisting of a layer of alternating two types of steel balls for bearings and glass balls without shaped housings.
Sul pezzo sono state eseguite una prova di foratura con trapano a colonna e una prova di taglio con troncatrice da banco. A drilling test with a column drill and a cutting test with a bench saw were performed on the piece.
Durante la prova di foratura, effettuata con una punta da 4 mm di tipo hss al cobalto, l’utensile ha superato con relativa facilità il primo strato di materiale, costituito da comune ferro da carpenteria, ma non ha proseguito attraverso lo strato successivo costituito dalla struttura materiale secondo la presente invenzione. During the drilling test, carried out with a 4 mm cobalt hss tip, the tool passed with relative ease the first layer of material, consisting of common carpentry iron, but did not continue through the next layer consisting of the material structure according to the present invention.
La foratura è stata effettuata sul campione formato da un solo strato secondo l’invenzione in cui si alternano due tipi di sfere di acciaio per cuscinetti e sfere di vetro nonostante sia stata applicata una forza crescente, fino ad arrivare alla rottura della punta del trapano. The drilling was carried out on the sample formed by a single layer according to the invention in which two types of steel balls for bearings and glass balls alternate despite having applied an increasing force, up to the breaking point of the drill.
La prova di taglio è stata effettuata con un disco abrasivo nuovo per acciaio di dimensioni 350 x 3 x 25. Superato il primo strato di materiale, non è stato possibile proseguire il taglio a causa deM’eccessiva usura del disco, che si è completamente consumato. The cutting test was carried out with a new abrasive disc for steel with dimensions 350 x 3 x 25. Once the first layer of material was passed, it was not possible to continue cutting due to excessive wear of the disc, which has completely worn out. .
Claims (10)
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2525738A1 (en) * | 1975-06-10 | 1976-12-23 | Danzer Josef Helmut | Anti drilling plate for walls of safe - has layer of rotable balls for absorbing energy of rotating drilling tool |
GB1547319A (en) * | 1976-06-18 | 1979-06-06 | Lips Brandkastenfabrieken Bv | Safes |
US5738925A (en) * | 1996-04-10 | 1998-04-14 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Ballistic armor having a flexible load distribution system |
RU2331836C1 (en) * | 2006-11-30 | 2008-08-20 | Валерий Валентинович Семенов | Method of protection of armoured vehicles and structures against hollow-charge shell jet |
-
2015
- 2015-11-11 IT ITUB2015A005453A patent/ITUB20155453A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE2525738A1 (en) * | 1975-06-10 | 1976-12-23 | Danzer Josef Helmut | Anti drilling plate for walls of safe - has layer of rotable balls for absorbing energy of rotating drilling tool |
GB1547319A (en) * | 1976-06-18 | 1979-06-06 | Lips Brandkastenfabrieken Bv | Safes |
US5738925A (en) * | 1996-04-10 | 1998-04-14 | Lockheed Martin Corporation | Ballistic armor having a flexible load distribution system |
RU2331836C1 (en) * | 2006-11-30 | 2008-08-20 | Валерий Валентинович Семенов | Method of protection of armoured vehicles and structures against hollow-charge shell jet |
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