ITUB20154885A1

ITUB20154885A1 - AUTOMATIC ELECTRIC GUILLOTINE SCISSOR FOR HARVESTING THE GRAPE AND FRUITS POWERED BY BATTERIES.

Info

Publication number: ITUB20154885A1
Application number: ITUB2015A004885A
Authority: IT
Inventors: Valter Mazzarolo
Original assignee: Lightech Srl; Valter Mazzarolo
Priority date: 2015-10-07
Filing date: 2015-10-07
Publication date: 2017-04-07

Description

CAMPO DI APPLICAZIONE FIELD OF APPLICATION

La presente invenzione trova applicazione nel settore dell” agricoltura ma non solo, a titolo di esempio non limitativo, il taglio dei piccioli dei grappoli dell’uva o dei frutti, adatta quindi ad essere utilizzata per la vendemmia. Sempre nel settore dell’agricoltura e giardinaggio, potrà essere utilizzata per potare e tagliare qualsiasi tipo di fibra vegetale aventi le dimensioni congrue all’inserimento nell’apposita sede di taglio, a titolo di esempio non limitativo, la potatura di fiori e piccole piante, la vendemmia degli alberi da frutto, aventi il picciolo. Nel settore tecnico potrà essere impiegata per altri scopi, come ad esempio non limitativo, per il taglio di piccoli fili di fibra, o per piccoli fili elettrici, con una opportuna lama adatta allo scopo. La forbice a ghiliottina potrà inoltre essere utilizzata per tagliare piccoli legacci di gomma tenera, normalmente utilizzati per legare le piante da frutto o altri tipi di piante da giardinaggio. La sua facilità d’uso in quanto automatica e la velocità di taglio, trova il maggiore impiego nel settore agricolo e in tutte le operazioni di taglio dove viene utilizzata la forbice manuale tradizionale a lame incrociate, dove la pressione del taglio sia sufficiente a tagliare oggetti, principalmente in fibra vegetale. The present invention finds application in the agricultural sector but not only, by way of non-limiting example, the cutting of the stalks of the bunches of grapes or fruits, therefore suitable to be used for the harvest. Still in the agriculture and gardening sector, it can be used to prune and cut any type of vegetable fiber having the appropriate size for insertion in the appropriate cutting seat, by way of non-limiting example, the pruning of flowers and small plants, the harvest of fruit trees, having the stalk. In the technical sector it can be used for other purposes, such as for example not limiting, for cutting small fiber threads, or for small electric threads, with a suitable blade suitable for the purpose. The guillotine shear can also be used to cut small soft rubber ties, normally used to tie fruit plants or other types of gardening plants. Its ease of use as it is automatic and the cutting speed find its greatest use in the agricultural sector and in all cutting operations where the traditional manual scissor with crossed blades is used, where the cutting pressure is sufficient to cut objects. , mainly in vegetable fiber.

STATO DELLA TECNICA STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE

Lo stato della tecnica ha come riferimento la forbice manuale a lame incrociate, azionata da due manici movimentati dall’azione della mano dell’operatore. Sono presenti nel mercato svariati tipi e modelli di forbice, alcune specificatamente disegnate per la vendemmia dell’uva o dei frutti in genere, ma tutte di tipo tradizionale con movimento a lama incrociata e con movimento manuale. Sono disponibili nel mercato anche delle forbici per la potatura di tipo automatico, azionate da sistemi pneumatici ed elettrici, queste specificatamente progettate ed impiegate per la potatura, possono essere anche impiegate per la vendemmia, quindi per il taglio anche del picciolo, ma l’eccessivo ingombro e peso, la ridotta velocità di taglio, non vengono quasi mai impiegate per lo scopo della vendemmia. La limitazione di questi apparecchi è data dalla complessità e gli ingombri dei sistemi di alimentazione, dove per la versione elettrica, viene adottata una grande batteria a volte contenuta in un’apposito zanio, da portare a spalle dell’operatore, nella versione pneumatica invece, vengono utilizzati dei tubi in gomma flessibile per l’alimentazione delTaria, collegati ad un compressore d’aria di tipo elettrico o azionato da un trattore agricolo. Nel mercato sono presenti anche delle versioni dì forbice servo assistite da motore elettrico con batterie ricaricabili integrate, ma il peso e Tingombro la rendono svantaggiosamente applicabili per la vendemmia, in quanto, il tempo di taglio troppo lento, riducono fortemente il beneficio rispetto alla tradizionale vendemmia eseguita con l’impiego di una forbice di tipo manuale. 1 sistemi elettrici o pneumatici presenti nel mercato ad esclusione delle tradizionali forbici, hanno come ulteriore limitazione il costo elevato rendendole economicamente svantaggiose per la vendemmia. The state of the art refers to the manual scissors with crossed blades, operated by two handles moved by the action of the operator's hand. There are various types and models of scissors on the market, some specifically designed for the harvest of grapes or fruit in general, but all of the traditional type with crossed blade movement and manual movement. Automatic pruning shears are also available on the market, operated by pneumatic and electric systems, these specifically designed and used for pruning, they can also be used for harvesting, therefore for cutting even the stalk, but the excessive bulk and weight, the reduced cutting speed, are almost never used for the purpose of the harvest. The limitation of these devices is given by the complexity and dimensions of the power supply systems, where for the electric version, a large battery is adopted, sometimes contained in a special zanio, to be carried on the operator's shoulders, in the pneumatic version instead, flexible rubber hoses are used to feed the air, connected to an electric type air compressor or driven by an agricultural tractor. On the market there are also versions of servo scissors assisted by electric motor with integrated rechargeable batteries, but the weight and Tingombro make it disadvantageously applicable for the harvest, as the cutting time is too slow, greatly reducing the benefit compared to the traditional harvest. performed with the use of a manual type of scissors. The electrical or pneumatic systems present on the market, with the exception of traditional scissors, have as a further limitation the high cost making them economically disadvantageous for the harvest.

DESCRIZIONE DELL’INVENZIONE DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Scopo della presente invenzione è quello di ovviare agli inconvenienti e svantaggi della tecnica nota, consentendo all’operatore addetto alla vendemmia dell’uva o dei frutti, di ridurre i tempi di taglio del picciolo e limitare lo sforzo manuale per la chiusura ed apertura dei manici. La forbice a ghigliottina oltre ad avere le dimensioni contenute, se non addirittura inferiori rispetto ad una tradizionale forbice, consente di ottenere il taglio con una velocità superiore alla movimentazione incrociata delle lame della forbice tradizionale manuale, il tutto in maniera automatica senza l’ausilio di pulsanti per attivare il taglio. Uno degli scopi della presente invenzione è quello di velocizzare il taglio del picciolo aumentando quindi la produttività e limitando gli sforzi dell’operatore addetto. La lama a ghigliottina movimentata dall’elettromagnete o solenoide lineare, avrà quindi una velocità di taglio superiore a quella raggiungibile da qualsiasi altra forbice presente nel mercato, garantendo un risultato migliore con il minor sforzo. Tali scopi, nonché altri che appariranno più chiari in seguito, sono raggiunti dalla messa in opera delle caratteristiche descritte nella rivendicazione principale. Le rivendicazioni dipendenti delineano forme di realizzazione particolarmente vantaggiose del dispositivo secondo il trovato. Esclusivamente a titolo di esempio non limitativo, ed in riferimento alla Figura 1 (uno) verrà di seguito descritto un dispositivo di taglio del picciolo dell’uva o di altri frutti, costituito daU’accoppiamento di una lama per il taglio (2) meccanicamente accoppiato all’elettromagnete o solenoide lineare a spinta (3) collegato meccanicamente ad una molla posta nel retro (5) per consentire il ritorno nella posizione di riposo quando non viene attivato. Il dispositivo di taglio quindi composto dalla lama e dal solenoide a movimento lineare ( 2, 3, 5) operante in maniera sinergica e collegato elettricamente ad una scheda elettronica di controllo (8), la quale comanderà l’accensione dei sistema di taglio a elettromagnete o solenoide lineare ( 2, 3, 5), quando il picciolo entra nella sede di taglio (10) spingendo all’ indietro l’otturatore girevole (1), il quale attiverà meccanicamente un pulsante o microswithc o sensore ad effetto di hall (9) collegato elettricamente alla scheda elettronica (dispositivo 8), la scheda elettronica sarà alimentata dal cavo conduttore di alimentazione (7) il quale sarà a sua volta collegato mediante un connettore (13) al pacco delle batterie (11), tutti i dispositivi formanti la forbice a ghigliottina tranne il pacco delle batterie, trovano alloggiamento all’interno del contenitore (4) dalla forma meglio adatta per l’impiego nelle mani dell’operatore fungendo anche da impugnatura, che potrà essere realizzata con diversi materiali, come a titolo di esempio non limitativo, plastica, alluminio, fibra di carbonio, acciaio inox. Per il corretto funzionamento della forbice a ghigliottina, la scheda elettronica avrà il compito di gestire il funzionamento di tutti i dispositivi in maniera sinergica, a tale scopo, quando il picciolo entrerà nell’apposita sede di forma angolare aperta (10) l’otturatore girevole (1) sarà spinto all’indietro con un movimento di rotazione fu lcrato da un perno (12), una volta che il picciolo sarà entrato a fondo dell’area di taglio, Γ otturato re meccanicamente o con l’attivazione di un sensore ad effetto di hall o microswitch (9) attiverà un timer che con un tempo di ritardo fisso e impostato dal costruttore, a titolo di esempio non limitativo da 0 centesimi di secondo a 50 centesimi di secondo, scaduto il tempo impostato nel timer, la scheda di controllo (8) attiverà il solenoide (3) accoppiato meccanicamente lavorando in fonna sinergica spingerà la lama di taglio (2) in avanti tagliando il picciolo. Il tempo di attivazione del solenoide sarà anch’esso impostato dal costruttore in base alle esigenze costruttive e dal tipo di solenoide o elettromagnete impiegato, a titolo di esempio non limitativo, da 0 centesimi di secondo ad un secondo, scaduto il tempo del timer, il solenoide tornerà in posizione di aperto, mediante la molla di ritorno (5) e il picciolo sarà tagliato. Per ragioni di sicurezza nell’uso della forbice a ghigliottina, a titolo di esempio non limitativo nell’area dell’impugnatura facente parte del contenitore (4) potrà essere inserito un pulsante di sicurezza (6) il quale in qualsiasi momento, se rilasciato, la forbice a ghigliottina tornerà nella posizione di riposo, per riattivarla sarà necessario tenere premuto il pulsante di sicurezza e abilitando nuovamente il ciclo di taglio automatico. Il pacco di batterie (11) racchiuso nell’apposito contenitore avrà un interruttore generale (14) per accendere il sistema, il pacco delle batterie avrà un connettore per consentire la ricarica mediante adattatore di rete. The purpose of the present invention is to obviate the drawbacks and disadvantages of the known technique, allowing the operator assigned to harvest the grapes or fruit, to reduce the cutting times of the stalk and limit the manual effort for closing and opening the handles. . The guillotine scissor in addition to having small dimensions, if not even smaller than a traditional scissor, allows to obtain the cut with a higher speed than the crossed movement of the blades of the traditional manual scissor, all automatically without the aid of buttons to activate the cut. One of the purposes of the present invention is to speed up the cutting of the petiole thus increasing productivity and limiting the efforts of the operator in charge. The guillotine blade moved by the electromagnet or linear solenoid will therefore have a cutting speed higher than that achievable by any other scissors on the market, ensuring a better result with less effort. These objects, as well as others which will become clearer hereinafter, are achieved by the implementation of the characteristics described in the main claim. The dependent claims outline particularly advantageous embodiments of the device according to the invention. Exclusively by way of non-limiting example, and with reference to Figure 1 (one), a device for cutting the stem of grapes or other fruits will be described below, consisting of the coupling of a mechanically coupled cutting blade (2) to the electromagnet or linear thrust solenoid (3) mechanically connected to a spring placed in the back (5) to allow the return to the rest position when not activated. The cutting device is therefore composed of the blade and the linear motion solenoid (2, 3, 5) operating in synergy and electrically connected to an electronic control board (8), which will control the ignition of the electromagnet cutting system or linear solenoid (2, 3, 5), when the petiole enters the cutting seat (10) pushing back the rotating shutter (1), which will mechanically activate a button or microswitch or hall effect sensor (9 ) electrically connected to the electronic board (device 8), the electronic board will be powered by the power supply cable (7) which will in turn be connected by means of a connector (13) to the battery pack (11), all the devices forming the guillotine scissors except for the battery pack, are housed inside the container (4) with a shape best suited for use in the hands of the operator, also acting as a handle, which can be made a with different materials, such as but not limited to plastic, aluminum, carbon fiber, stainless steel. For the correct functioning of the guillotine shears, the electronic board will have the task of managing the operation of all the devices in a synergistic way, for this purpose, when the petiole enters the appropriate open angular shaped seat (10) the revolving shutter (1) will be pushed backwards with a rotational movement triggered by a pin (12), once the petiole has entered the depth of the cutting area, Γ blocked mechanically or with the activation of a sensor. hall effect or microswitch (9) will activate a timer that with a fixed delay time set by the manufacturer, by way of non-limiting example from 0 hundredths of a second to 50 hundredths of a second, once the time set in the timer has expired, the control (8) will activate the mechanically coupled solenoid (3) working in synergic mode it will push the cutting blade (2) forward cutting the petiole. The activation time of the solenoid will also be set by the manufacturer based on the construction requirements and the type of solenoid or electromagnet used, by way of non-limiting example, from 0 hundredths of a second to one second, once the timer time has elapsed, the the solenoid will return to the open position by means of the return spring (5) and the petiole will be cut. For safety reasons in the use of the guillotine scissors, by way of non-limiting example in the area of the handle forming part of the container (4), a safety button (6) can be inserted which at any time, if released, the guillotine shears will return to the rest position, to reactivate it it will be necessary to hold down the safety button and re-enable the automatic cutting cycle. The battery pack (11) enclosed in the special container will have a main switch (14) to turn on the system, the battery pack will have a connector to allow charging via the mains adapter.

Claims

CLAIMS 1. The battery-powered automatic electric guillotine scissors for grape and fruit harvesting, hereinafter referred to as guillotine shears, of reduced size and weight, powered by batteries. Assembled using low weight plastic and metal materials such as, by way of non-limiting example, aluminum, steel, plastic and carbon fiber and using the guillotine cutting device formed by a blade, activated by the thrust of an electromagnet or solenoid type linear with spring return. A special activation device such as a rotating shutter, fixed by a pin to allow rotation, will be placed on the petiole entry area, and will mechanically activate the pressure of a microswitch. The cutting blade will be fixed by screws, to allow quick replacement using a special opening door for replacement. The electronic control board of the cutting cycle is contained within the body of the guillotine scissors and will perform all the functions of command and control of the activation and delay timers, made with a microcontroller. A safety button located in the handle will activate the operation of the guillotine scissors. The electric power supply of the guillotine shears is supplied by a power cable with two conductors or more conductors, which will be connected to the rechargeable battery pack, by means of a connector that will allow the power cable to be removed quickly, the connector will be fixed in the battery case. The battery pack or single battery will have a general power switch placed in the container of the same. The guillotine scissor device as shown in Figure 1 (one) consists of the external structure formed by the first mechanical means (4) which also acts as a handle, where all the devices that compose it are housed inside. The cutting blade (2) will be made of carbon steel which is mechanically coupled to work synergistically with the linear solenoid electromagnet (3), with spring return, controlled by the electronic control board (8) with a microcontroller. which will be activated by the safety button (6) placed above or under the handle, will activate the cutting system only when the revolving shutter (1) fixed by means of a pin (12) to allow rotation, placed on the area the petiole entry, will mechanically activate a micropulsor, or microswitch (9) Only when the rotating or sliding shutter (1) is pushed by the petiole to be cut, thus entering the cutting area (10), the guillotine blade it will be activated and will cut the petiole. The automatic electric guillotine scissor device will be powered by an electric power cable (7) with two or more conductors, which will be connected to a battery pack (11), by means of a connector (13), to allow quick disconnection. The battery pack will have an ignition switch lever (14) for turning on the entire system.

2. The guillotine scissor, according to claim 1 (one) characterized by the fact that the electromagnet or solenoid device (3) with spring return, may also be of the type, by way of non-limiting example, electromagnet or solenoid of the type double action linear (through polarity inversion), without the aid of the spring for the return, or it can also be performed by a linear traction solenoid electromagnet, using levers designed to reverse the direction, or by means of a solenoid linear with double coil, one for the thrust and one for the return.

3. The guillotine scissor, according to claim 1 (one) characterized by the fact that the solenoid device (3) contained inside the scissor (4) can be, by way of non-limiting example, also remoted, by means of a sliding steel cable inside a special metal sheath and placed together with the battery pack (11), it will allow the blade to be operated by means of a special lever mechanism placed inside the shear, the remote traction-type solenoid, pulling the steel cable sliding in the sheath will operate the cutting blade.

4. The Guillotine Scissor, according to claim 1 (one) characterized in that the rotating shutter (1) fixed by means of a pin (12) able to allow its rotation, placed on the entry area of the petiole, by way of non-limiting example, it may also slide in a linear guide without the aid of the pin, or by sliding in special seats with guillotine opening.

5. The guillotine scissor, according to claim 1 (one) characterized by the fact that the revolving shutter (1) will mechanically activate a micro-push button, or micro-switch (9), by way of non-limiting example, will be able to achieve the purpose by means of a mechanical transmission with a system of levers or with a metal wire, connected to a tie rod type microswitch or microswitch activating the cut

6. The guillotine scissor, according to claim 1 (one) characterized by the fact that the petiole entering the cutting area (10) by way of non-limiting example can be of various shapes, rectangular, round to angled hook-shaped .

7. The guillotine scissor, according to claim 1 (one) characterized in that the cutting blade (2) can be fixed to the solenoid electromagnet (3), by way of non-limiting example by pins, screws, snap-locks, bayonet, to allow quick replacement by means of a special opening flap.

8. The guillotine scissor, according to claim 1 (one) characterized in that the power cable (7) will be connected to the battery or battery pack by means of a connector (13) to allow quick disconnection, by way of non-limiting example , snap connector, spring connector, bayonet connector, screw connector.

9. The Guillotine Scissor, according to claim 1 (one) characterized in that the battery pack will have an ignition switch (14), by way of non-limiting example toggle switch, monostable button, bistable button, magnetic activation, or with the only connection of the cable of the guillotine scissors to the battery pack without switch.

10. The guillotine scissor, according to claim 1 (one) characterized in that the cutting blade (2) will be made by way of non-limiting example, carbon steel, AISI 304, AISI 316, ceramic, zirconium which is mechanically coupled to work synergistically with the linear solenoid electromagnet.

11. The guillotine scissor, according to claim 1 (one) characterized by the fact that the rotating shutter activation device (1), will mechanically activate the pressure of a micro-push button (9), by way of non-limiting example also a sensor with Hall effect, therefore with magnetic detection, a pull switch, an optical sensor, a proximity sensor.

12. The guillotine scissor, according to claim 1 (one) characterized by the fact that the electronic control board of the cutting cycle (8) is contained within the body of the guillotine scissor, by way of non-limiting example it can be contained within of the battery pack, therefore all the operating devices will be present in the shear, while the electrical connection wires of the microswitch (9) for the activation of the linear solenoid and the microswitch (6) will be brought to the electronic control board (8) together with the power supply cable (7) forming a single 6-conductor cable.

13. The guillotine scissor, according to claim 1 (one) characterized by the fact that the electronic control board (8), by way of non-limiting example, can be constituted by a microcontroller to perform all the functions of the timers or with analog systems with integrated circuits and transistors with discrete electronic components, or with electromechanical system with wired logic, without electronic components but made only by microswitches connected in series for the activation of the solenoid.