ITUA20164674A1 - SHELL IN COMPOSITE MATERIAL FOR A COMPRESSED AIR CYLINDER AND METHOD TO PRODUCE THE SAME - Google Patents
SHELL IN COMPOSITE MATERIAL FOR A COMPRESSED AIR CYLINDER AND METHOD TO PRODUCE THE SAMEInfo
- Publication number
- ITUA20164674A1 ITUA20164674A1 ITUA2016A004674A ITUA20164674A ITUA20164674A1 IT UA20164674 A1 ITUA20164674 A1 IT UA20164674A1 IT UA2016A004674 A ITUA2016A004674 A IT UA2016A004674A IT UA20164674 A ITUA20164674 A IT UA20164674A IT UA20164674 A1 ITUA20164674 A1 IT UA20164674A1
- Authority
- IT
- Italy
- Prior art keywords
- metal plate
- cap
- composite material
- dome
- air cylinder
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 65
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 65
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013256 coordination polymer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000003856 thermoforming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/06—Closures, e.g. cap, breakable member
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J12/00—Pressure vessels in general
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
- F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/056—Small (<1 m3)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/05—Size
- F17C2201/058—Size portable (<30 l)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
- F17C2203/0614—Single wall
- F17C2203/0617—Single wall with one layer
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0636—Metals
- F17C2203/0639—Steels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0636—Metals
- F17C2203/0639—Steels
- F17C2203/0643—Stainless steels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0636—Metals
- F17C2203/0646—Aluminium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0636—Metals
- F17C2203/0648—Alloys or compositions of metals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
- F17C2203/0663—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
- F17C2203/0675—Synthetics with details of composition
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/01—Mounting arrangements
- F17C2205/0153—Details of mounting arrangements
- F17C2205/0188—Hanging up devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
- F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
- F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
- F17C2205/0305—Bosses, e.g. boss collars
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
- F17C2209/21—Shaping processes
- F17C2209/2109—Moulding
- F17C2209/2127—Moulding by blowing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
- F17C2209/21—Shaping processes
- F17C2209/2181—Metal working processes, e.g. deep drawing, stamping or cutting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
- F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
- F17C2209/221—Welding
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
- F17C2209/22—Assembling processes
- F17C2209/227—Assembling processes by adhesive means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2209/00—Vessel construction, in particular methods of manufacturing
- F17C2209/23—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations
- F17C2209/234—Manufacturing of particular parts or at special locations of closing end pieces, e.g. caps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/031—Air
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0107—Single phase
- F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
- F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
- F17C2270/0171—Trucks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
- F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
- F17C2270/0176—Buses
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
- F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
- F17C2270/0178—Cars
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/05—Applications for industrial use
- F17C2270/0563—Pneumatic applications
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Cooling, Air Intake And Gas Exhaust, And Fuel Tank Arrangements In Propulsion Units (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Description
“CALOTTA IN MATERIALE COMPOSITO PER UNA BOMBOLA D'ARIA COMPRESSA E METODO PER PRODURRE LA STESSA” "COMPOSITE MATERIAL SHELL FOR A COMPRESSED AIR CYLINDER AND METHOD TO PRODUCE THE SAME"
Campo dell'invenzione Field of the invention
La presente invenzione riguarda una bombola d'aria compressa e un metodo per produrre la stessa, in particolare nel campo delle molle e dei freni pneumatici di veicoli industriali e commerciali. The present invention relates to a compressed air cylinder and a method for producing the same, in particular in the field of pneumatic springs and brakes for industrial and commercial vehicles.
Descrizione della tecnica anteriore Description of the prior art
Una bombola d'aria solitamente comprende un corpo tubolare, generalmente cilindrico, chiuso sulle basi opposte mediante calotte aventi una forma a cupola. An air cylinder usually comprises a tubular body, generally cylindrical, closed on the opposite bases by caps having a dome shape.
Una calotta rappresenta la porzione più critica della bombola per via della sua forma geometrica non uniforme che porta a fessurazioni ed esplosione quando sottoposto alla pressione dell'aria. A cap represents the most critical portion of the cylinder due to its non-uniform geometric shape which leads to cracking and explosion when subjected to air pressure.
In aggiunta, la calotta è la porzione della bombola d'aria in cui sono montati connettori pneumatici per mettere in comunicazione il volume delimitato dalla bombola con un impianto pneumatico esterno. In addition, the cap is the portion of the air cylinder in which pneumatic connectors are mounted to communicate the volume delimited by the cylinder with an external pneumatic system.
Questi, solitamente, sono implementati in impianti di freni e sospensioni per immagazzinare l'aria compressa a bordo di veicoli industriali o commerciali. These are usually implemented in brake and suspension systems to store compressed air on board industrial or commercial vehicles.
Solitamente, le pressioni variano da 3 a 13-15 bar. Le bombole d'aria compressa sono note e adottate per via dei loro ridotti pesi e dei bassi costi rispetto alle bombole d'aria di acciaio o alluminio. Typically, pressures range from 3 to 13-15 bar. Compressed air cylinders are known and adopted due to their reduced weight and low costs compared to steel or aluminum air cylinders.
I materiali compositi sono plastiche sintetiche quali polipropilene, poliammide e plastica rinforzata con fibra di vetro, fibre di carbonio e così via. Questi rappresentano soltanto esempi di materiali compositi per produrre bombole d'aria di peso leggero. Composite materials are synthetic plastics such as polypropylene, polyamide, and plastic reinforced with glass fiber, carbon fiber, and so on. These are only examples of composite materials for producing light weight air cylinders.
Il problema principale di tali materiali compositi è che, anche se sono in grado di resistere a pressioni relativamente elevate, non possono essere maschiati né per collegare i connettori pneumatici necessari per collegare la bombola d'aria agli impianti pneumatici a bordo del veicolo, né per sospendere la bombola stessa al telaio del veicolo. The main problem with such composite materials is that, although they are able to withstand relatively high pressures, they cannot be tapped either to connect the pneumatic connectors needed to connect the air cylinder to the pneumatic systems on board the vehicle, or to suspend the cylinder itself from the vehicle frame.
Questo secondo problema può essere superato mediante colletti, ma il primo è difficile da affrontare, poiché la coppia di serraggio massima è limitata e spesso si producono delle perdite. This second problem can be overcome with collets, but the first is difficult to address, as the maximum tightening torque is limited and leaks often occur.
Occorre comprendere che, nel campo automobilistico e in particolare nel campo dei veicoli commerciali e industriali, sono implementati motori di grande cilindrata, che producono vibrazioni di alta intensità che portano, in breve tempo, all'allentamento dei connettori pneumatici dalle aperture realizzate nelle bombole di aria compressa. It should be understood that, in the automotive field and in particular in the field of commercial and industrial vehicles, large displacement engines are implemented, which produce high intensity vibrations which lead, in a short time, to the loosening of the pneumatic connectors from the openings made in the cylinders. compressed air.
Pertanto, il problema tecnico summenzionato è particolarmente sentito nel campo dei veicoli industriali e commerciali. Therefore, the aforementioned technical problem is particularly felt in the field of industrial and commercial vehicles.
Riepilogo dell'invenzione Summary of the invention
Lo scopo principale della presente invenzione è di fornire un metodo e un dispositivo in grado di superare i problemi/gli inconvenienti di cui sopra. The main object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device capable of overcoming the above problems / drawbacks.
Il principio fondamentale dell'invenzione è di incorporare una piastra metallica in una bombola d'aria compressa. The basic principle of the invention is to incorporate a metal plate into a compressed air cylinder.
Tale piastra metallica ha almeno una prima faccia complementare con almeno una porzione della superficie interna di una calotta a forma di cupola della bombola d'aria in modo da essere fissata saldamente a tale superficie interna della calotta a forma di cupola per formare un singolo componente. Such metal plate has at least one first face complementary with at least a portion of the inner surface of a dome-shaped canopy of the air cylinder so as to be firmly attached to that inner surface of the dome-shaped canopy to form a single component.
In aggiunta, tale piastra metallica può essere almeno parzialmente integrata all'interno dello spessore della calotta per formare un singolo componente. In addition, such a metal plate can be at least partially integrated within the thickness of the shell to form a single component.
Detta piastra metallica è dotata di almeno una prima apertura passante corrispondente a una relativa seconda apertura passante nella cupola di materiale composito che definisce la calotta. In aggiunta, la prima apertura passante comprende mezzi di fissaggio per collegare operativamente un connettore pneumatico direttamente a detta piastra metallica. Said metal plate is provided with at least a first through opening corresponding to a relative second through opening in the dome of composite material which defines the cap. In addition, the first through opening comprises fixing means for operatively connecting a pneumatic connector directly to said metal plate.
Vantaggiosamente, l'uso del metallo è limitato a quelle porzioni della bombola che devono essere maschiate e/o sospese a un telaio del veicolo, in modo tale che non sia aumentato significativamente il peso totale e, d'altra parte, l'estensione della piastra metallica sia sufficiente per distribuire le forze applicate durante l'avvitatura o la sospensione della bombola su una grande porzione della cupola in materiale composito, attraverso la piastra metallica. Advantageously, the use of the metal is limited to those portions of the cylinder which must be tapped and / or suspended from a vehicle frame, so that the total weight is not significantly increased and, on the other hand, the extension of the metal plate is sufficient to distribute the forces applied when screwing or suspending the cylinder over a large portion of the composite dome, through the metal plate.
Preferibilmente, detta piastra metallica comprende uno o più elementi tubolari fissati sulla stessa in corrispondenza di una o più aperture, avente una prima estremità che sporge dalla calotta della bombola verso l'esterno e una seconda estremità collegata saldamente alla piastra metallica in modo tale che detta prima estremità permetta la comunicazione pneumatica con il volume delimitato dalla bombola in materiale composito. Preferably, said metal plate comprises one or more tubular elements fixed thereon in correspondence with one or more openings, having a first end protruding from the cylinder cap towards the outside and a second end firmly connected to the metal plate in such a way that said first end allows pneumatic communication with the volume delimited by the composite material cylinder.
Vantaggiosamente, tali uno o più elementi tubolari facilitano qualsiasi ulteriore operazione per avvitare un connettore pneumatico e infine una staffa esterna per sospendere la bombola a un telaio del veicolo. Advantageously, these one or more tubular elements facilitate any further operation for screwing a pneumatic connector and finally an external bracket for suspending the cylinder to a vehicle frame.
Preferibilmente, l'elemento tubolare forma un unico pezzo con la piastra metallica, ottenuta per esempio mediante forgiatura o presso-formatura della piastra metallica e successiva saldatura dell'elemento tubolare/degli elementi tubolari. Preferably, the tubular element forms a single piece with the metal plate, obtained for example by forging or press-forming of the metal plate and subsequent welding of the tubular element (s).
Secondo un'altra forma di realizzazione dell'invenzione, uno o più elementi cilindrici filettati sono implementati soltanto per collegare pneumaticamente la bombola d'aria all'impianto/agli impianti del veicolo e mezzi di fissaggio, quali elementi cilindrici filettati vengono utilizzati per collegare una staffa esterna per sospendere la bombola al telaio del veicolo. According to another embodiment of the invention, one or more threaded cylindrical elements are implemented only to pneumatically connect the air cylinder to the vehicle system (s) and fastening means, such as threaded cylindrical elements are used to connect a external bracket to suspend the cylinder on the vehicle frame.
Secondo un'altra forma di realizzazione, la staffa non è collegata a detti elementi cilindrici, ma direttamente alla piastra metallica. Pertanto, la piastra metallica con la propria staffa è almeno parzialmente incorporata nella calotta della bombola, con la staffa, nonché con detti elementi cilindrici pieni, che sporgono esternamente dalla superficie esterna della cupola in materiale composito. According to another embodiment, the bracket is not connected to said cylindrical elements, but directly to the metal plate. Therefore, the metal plate with its bracket is at least partially incorporated in the cap of the cylinder, with the bracket, as well as with said solid cylindrical elements, which protrude externally from the external surface of the dome made of composite material.
Secondo un metodo preferito per produrre una calotta di una bombola d'aria compressa, prevede di preparare detta piastra metallica e detta calotta in materiale composito ed una fase di fissarla in adesione con una superficie interna della cupola in materiale composito mediante incollaggio. According to a preferred method for producing a cap of a compressed air cylinder, it provides for preparing said metal plate and said cap in composite material and a step of fixing it in adhesion with an internal surface of the dome made of composite material by gluing.
In alternativa, la piastra metallica viene preparata e inserita in una matrice di stampo adatta per termo-formare il materiale composito che definisce detta cupola, in modo che la piastra metallica risulti incorporata almeno parzialmente nella cupola in materiale composito. Alternatively, the metal plate is prepared and inserted into a mold matrix suitable for thermo-forming the composite material that defines said dome, so that the metal plate is incorporated at least partially in the composite material dome.
Preferibilmente, almeno due aperture/elementi tubolari sono disposti in ciascuna calotta CP di entrambe le basi della bombola, al fine di fissare facilmente la bombola al telaio del veicolo. Infatti, due aperture due elementi tubolari permettono di resistere facilmente a una coppia secondo l'asse di rotazione della bombola stessa. Preferably, at least two openings / tubular elements are arranged in each cap CP of both cylinder bases, in order to easily fix the cylinder to the vehicle frame. In fact, two openings and two tubular elements allow to easily resist a torque according to the rotation axis of the cylinder itself.
Preferibilmente, almeno due aperture/elementi tubolari sono disposti simmetricamente rispetto a un asse di simmetria della bombola. Preferably, at least two openings / tubular elements are arranged symmetrically with respect to an axis of symmetry of the cylinder.
La bombola nel complesso può essere prodotta in un unico pezzo con almeno una calotta come descritto in precedenza o può essere prodotta collegando detta calotta su un corpo della bombola prodotto separatamente. The cylinder as a whole can be produced in one piece with at least one cap as described above or it can be produced by connecting said cap to a separately manufactured cylinder body.
Questi e ulteriori scopi vengono conseguiti mediante le rivendicazioni allegate, che descrivono le forme di realizzazione preferite dell'invenzione, che formano parte integrale della presente descrizione. These and further objects are achieved by means of the attached claims, which describe the preferred embodiments of the invention, which form an integral part of the present description.
Breve descrizione dei disegni Brief description of the drawings
L'invenzione risulterà completamente chiara dalla seguente descrizione dettagliata, fornita a titolo di mero esempio esemplificativo e non limitativo, da leggere facendo riferimento alle figure dei disegni allegati, in cui: The invention will become completely clear from the following detailed description, provided by way of mere non-limiting example, to be read with reference to the figures of the attached drawings, in which:
- la figura 1 mostra una vista laterale di una calotta della bombola d'aria di una bombola d'aria compressa secondo la presente invenzione, in cui alcune porzioni della calotta sono ritagliate per una comprensione più semplice della soluzione; Figure 1 shows a side view of a cap of the air cylinder of a compressed air cylinder according to the present invention, in which some portions of the cap are cut out for a simpler understanding of the solution;
- le figure 2 e 3 mostrano una vista in prospettiva di un'altra forma di realizzazione dell'invenzione; Figures 2 and 3 show a perspective view of another embodiment of the invention;
- la figura 4 descrive una vista posteriore della piastra metallica implementata nella forma di realizzazione della figura 1; Figure 4 describes a rear view of the metal plate implemented in the embodiment of Figure 1;
- la figura 5 descrive una vista anteriore della piastra metallica implementata nella forma di realizzazione della figura 2; Figure 5 describes a front view of the metal plate implemented in the embodiment of Figure 2;
- le figure 6 e 7 descrivono due viste anteriori di una piastra metallica adatta per essere implementata nella forma di realizzazione della figura 3. Figures 6 and 7 describe two front views of a metal plate suitable to be implemented in the embodiment of Figure 3.
Gli stessi numeri di riferimento e le stesse lettere nelle figure designano parti uguali o funzionalmente equivalenti. The same reference numbers and letters in the figures designate the same or functionally equivalent parts.
Secondo la presente invenzione, l'espressione "secondo elemento" non implica la presenza di un " primo elemento", primo, secondo, ecc. vengono usati soltanto per migliorare la chiarezza della descrizione e non dovrebbero essere interpretati in modo limitativo. According to the present invention, the expression "second element" does not imply the presence of a "first element", first, second, etc. they are used only to improve the clarity of the description and should not be interpreted in a limiting way.
Descrizione dettagliata delle forme di realizzazione preferite Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
Le figure 1-3 descrivono tre possibili forme di realizzazione dell'invenzione. Le bombole d'aria T hanno un corpo cilindrico centrale B con due basi opposte, chiuse ciascuna mediante una calotta CP in materiale composito. Figures 1-3 describe three possible embodiments of the invention. The air cylinders T have a central cylindrical body B with two opposite bases, each closed by a cap CP in composite material.
È descritta soltanto una base della bombola d'aria, infatti l'altra base può essere identica. Only one base of the air cylinder is described, in fact the other base can be identical.
La presente invenzione è relativa a una bombola d'aria compressa T avente almeno un corpo cilindrico B e almeno una base e una calotta CP per chiudere detta base. Una piastra metallica è sagomata in modo da avere almeno una prima faccia FF complementare in corrispondenza di almeno una porzione di una superficie interna di detta calotta CP. The present invention relates to a compressed air cylinder T having at least a cylindrical body B and at least a base and a cap CP for closing said base. A metal plate is shaped so as to have at least a first complementary face FF in correspondence with at least a portion of an internal surface of said cap CP.
Solitamente, tale calotta è sagomata a cupola, pertanto, tale prima faccia FF della piastra metallica è sagomata per aderire a una porzione di una superficie interna IS di detta calotta CP della bombola d'aria T in modo da essere fissata saldamente con tale superficie interna per formare un singolo componente. Usually, this cap is dome-shaped, therefore, this first face FF of the metal plate is shaped to adhere to a portion of an internal surface IS of said cap CP of the air cylinder T so as to be firmly fixed with this internal surface to form a single component.
In aggiunta, tale piastra metallica può essere sagomata per essere almeno parzialmente integrata nello spessore della calotta per formare un singolo componente. In addition, such a metal plate can be shaped to be at least partially integrated into the thickness of the shell to form a single component.
Detta piastra metallica è dotata di almeno un'apertura H corrispondente a un'apertura relativa nella calotta in materiale composito, in modo che il connettore pneumatico PC possa essere avvitato o spinto direttamente nella piastra metallica passante attraverso la superficie esterna OS della calotta in materiale composito CP, mediante una connessione pneumatica rapida nota di per sé. Said metal plate is equipped with at least one opening H corresponding to a relative opening in the composite material shell, so that the pneumatic connector PC can be screwed or pushed directly into the metal plate passing through the external surface OS of the composite material shell. CP, by means of a quick pneumatic connection known per se.
Vantaggiosamente, l'uso del metallo è limitato a quelle porzioni della bombola soggette ad essere avvitate e/o sospese a un telaio del veicolo. Advantageously, the use of the metal is limited to those portions of the cylinder subject to being screwed and / or suspended to a vehicle frame.
In alternativa, detta piastra metallica comprende uno o più elementi tubolari T1 in corrispondenza di detta una o più aperture, aventi una prima estremità adatta a sporgere dalla superficie esterna della cupola verso l'esterno e una seconda estremità collegata saldamente alla piastra metallica in modo tale che detta prima estremità permetta la comunicazione pneumatica con il volume delimitato dalla bombola in materiale composito. Alternatively, said metal plate comprises one or more tubular elements T1 in correspondence with said one or more openings, having a first end suitable to protrude from the external surface of the dome towards the outside and a second end firmly connected to the metal plate in such a way that said first end allows pneumatic communication with the volume delimited by the composite material cylinder.
Preferibilmente, detti uno o più elementi tubolari sono allineati come asse di simmetria X della calotta/bombola. Preferably, said one or more tubular elements are aligned as axis of symmetry X of the cap / cylinder.
Preferibilmente, tale asse di simmetria è un asse di rotazione per la calotta e per la bombola nel complesso. Preferably, this axis of symmetry is an axis of rotation for the cap and for the cylinder as a whole.
Preferibilmente, tale prima estremità dell'elemento tubolare/degli elementi tubolari ha una prima filettatura per avvitare un connettore pneumatico o altro mezzo di fissaggio adatto ed infine anche una filettatura esterna per fissare una singola staffa BK con i dadi N, come descritto nella figura 1. Preferably, this first end of the tubular element (s) has a first thread for screwing a pneumatic connector or other suitable fastening means and finally also an external thread for fixing a single bracket BK with the nuts N, as described in figure 1 .
Si dovrebbe comprendere che anziché una singola staffa, la bombola può essere fissata direttamente con una paratia al veicolo. It should be understood that instead of a single bracket, the cylinder can be fixed directly with a bulkhead to the vehicle.
Vantaggiosamente, l'elemento tubolare T1 permette o il collegamento pneumatico della bombola ad un impianto esterno, o il collegamento meccanico di una staffa esterna per sospendere la bombola a un telaio del veicolo. Advantageously, the tubular element T1 allows either the pneumatic connection of the cylinder to an external system, or the mechanical connection of an external bracket for suspending the cylinder to a vehicle frame.
Preferibilmente, l'elemento tubolare è in un unico pezzo con la piastra metallica, ottenuto per esempio mediante forgiatura o presso-formatura della piastra metallica e successiva saldatura dell'elemento tubolare/degli elementi tubolari. In alternativa, l'elemento tubolare T1 è saldato sulla piastra metallica. La figura 4 descrive una vista posteriore della piastra metallica implementata nella forma di realizzazione della figura 1. Tale figura mostra che preferibilmente la saldatura W è sulla superficie interna, opposta a quella esterna, della piastra metallica. L'aggettivo "interno" indica orientato verso il centro della bombola nel suo insieme. Preferably, the tubular element is in a single piece with the metal plate, obtained for example by forging or press-forming of the metal plate and subsequent welding of the tubular element (s). Alternatively, the tubular element T1 is welded to the metal plate. Figure 4 describes a rear view of the metal plate implemented in the embodiment of Figure 1. This figure shows that preferably the weld W is on the inner surface, opposite to the outer one, of the metal plate. The adjective "internal" indicates oriented towards the center of the cylinder as a whole.
Secondo un'altra forma di realizzazione dell'invenzione, l'uno o più elementi tubolari sono implementati per collegare pneumaticamente la bombola d'aria all'impianto del veicolo e un secondo o più elementi T2 vengono utilizzati per sospendere la bombola. In questo caso, questo secondo elemento o più elementi T2 possono essere di forma cilindrica con una filettatura esterna o cilindrica e di forma tubolare con una filettatura interna ed esterna. Questo elemento tubolare è cieco nel senso che non è possibile attraverso lo stesso alcun collegamento pneumatico. Pertanto, questo secondo elemento T2 può essere saldato sulla piastra metallica MP senza una corrispondente apertura passante nella piastra metallica. According to another embodiment of the invention, the one or more tubular elements are implemented to pneumatically connect the air cylinder to the vehicle system and a second or more elements T2 are used to suspend the cylinder. In this case, this second element or more elements T2 can be cylindrical in shape with an external or cylindrical thread and tubular in shape with an internal and external thread. This tubular element is blind in the sense that no pneumatic connection is possible through it. Therefore, this second element T2 can be welded to the metal plate MP without a corresponding through opening in the metal plate.
Secondo un'altra forma di realizzazione dell'invenzione, la staffa non è collegata all'elemento tubolare/agli elementi tubolari T1 o agli elementi T2, ma direttamente alla piastra metallica. Pertanto, la piastra metallica con la propria staffa è almeno parzialmente incorporata nella calotta della bombola. According to another embodiment of the invention, the bracket is not connected to the tubular element / elements T1 or to the elements T2, but directly to the metal plate. Therefore, the metal plate with its own bracket is at least partially incorporated in the cylinder cap.
La staffa BK, singolarmente o in unico pezzo con la piastra metallica e gli elementi T2 possono essere considerati come "unici mezzi di sospensione", poiché non sono adatti a permettere il collegamento pneumatico con la bombola, ma soltanto per sospendere la bombola sul telaio del veicolo. The bracket BK, individually or in a single piece with the metal plate and the T2 elements can be considered as "the only means of suspension", since they are not suitable for allowing the pneumatic connection with the cylinder, but only for suspending the cylinder on the frame of the vehicle.
Le figure 5 e 6 mostrano due forme di realizzazione in cui la staffa BK non è un singolo componente collegato alla piastra metallica MP dall'esterno della bombola, ma è in un unico pezzo con la piastra metallica. Figures 5 and 6 show two embodiments in which the bracket BK is not a single component connected to the metal plate MP from the outside of the cylinder, but is in one piece with the metal plate.
La prima forma di realizzazione della figura 5 descrive una piastra metallica MP con la propria staffa ottenuta mediante piegatura-taglio alla pressa, pertanto la porzione del metallo che definisce la staffa viene asportata dalla forma a cupola della piastra metallica. The first embodiment of Figure 5 describes a metal plate MP with its own bracket obtained by bending-cutting at the press, therefore the portion of the metal that defines the bracket is removed from the dome shape of the metal plate.
Invece, secondo la forma di realizzazione della figura 7, la staffa viene aggiunta alla piastra metallica mediante saldatura o forgiatura. Instead, according to the embodiment of Figure 7, the bracket is added to the metal plate by welding or forging.
Gli elementi tubolari T1 e T2, se presenti, sono preferibilmente saldati sulla piastra metallica. The tubular elements T1 and T2, if present, are preferably welded to the metal plate.
Una forma di realizzazione non mostrata può essere ottenuta mediante una piastra metallica avente la propria staffa in modo da formare un singolo pezzo, ma non dotato degli elementi tubolari T1. An embodiment not shown can be obtained by means of a metal plate having its own bracket so as to form a single piece, but not equipped with the tubular elements T1.
Infatti il connettore pneumatico PC è direttamente avvitato o spinto in una delle corrispondenti aperture passanti della piastra metallica attraverso lo spessore dello strato composito. In fact, the pneumatic connector PC is directly screwed or pushed into one of the corresponding through openings of the metal plate through the thickness of the composite layer.
Come discusso in precedenza, la piastra metallica può aderire ad una porzione della superficie interna IS della calotta o può essere almeno parzialmente incorporata nello spessore della calotta. Ciò significa che la calotta stessa è definita da una sorta di sandwich composito-metallocomposito. As discussed above, the metal plate can adhere to a portion of the inner surface IS of the shell or can be at least partially incorporated into the thickness of the shell. This means that the shell itself is defined by a kind of composite-metal composite sandwich.
La piastra metallica può essere preferibilmente di acciaio inossidabile o una lega di alluminio o altre leghe adatte. The metal plate may preferably be of stainless steel or an aluminum alloy or other suitable alloys.
Secondo un primo metodo preferito per produrre una bombola d'aria compressa secondo la presente invenzione, la piastra metallica è disposta e incollata alla faccia interna della calotta a forma di cupola mediante l'interposizione di una colla adatta. According to a first preferred method for producing a compressed air cylinder according to the present invention, the metal plate is arranged and glued to the internal face of the dome-shaped cap by interposing a suitable glue.
Secondo un secondo metodo preferito, la piastra metallica è inserita in una matrice di stampo adatta per termo-formare la calotta di materiale composito, in modo che la piastra metallica risulti almeno parzialmente incorporata nella calotta in materiale composito. According to a second preferred method, the metal plate is inserted into a mold matrix suitable for thermo-forming the shell of composite material, so that the metal plate is at least partially incorporated in the shell of composite material.
Preferibilmente la piastra metallica viene prima formata e successivamente gli elementi tubolari T1 vengono inseriti in detta prima apertura passante e saldati attraverso la sua superficie interna. Preferably the metal plate is first formed and subsequently the tubular elements T1 are inserted in said first through opening and welded through its internal surface.
Preferibilmente, almeno due aperture/elementi tubolari sono disposti in ciascuna calotta di entrambe le basi della bombola, per fissare facilmente la bombola d'aria sul telaio del veicolo. Infatti, due aperture/elementi tubolari permettono di resistere facilmente a una coppia secondo l'asse di rotazione della bombola stessa. Preferably, at least two openings / tubular elements are arranged in each cap of both cylinder bases, to easily fix the air cylinder on the vehicle frame. In fact, two openings / tubular elements allow to easily resist a torque according to the rotation axis of the cylinder itself.
Molti cambiamenti, modifiche, variazioni e altri usi e applicazioni dell'invenzione risulteranno evidenti agli esperti nella tecnica considerando la descrizione e i disegni allegati che descrivono le sue forme di realizzazione preferite. Many changes, modifications, variations and other uses and applications of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art by considering the description and accompanying drawings which describe its preferred embodiments.
Si dovrebbe comprendere che gli elementi tubolari T1 nonché gli elementi T2, possono essere dotati di qualsiasi forma e tipo di connessione. Per esempio, l'elemento tubolare T1 può essere dotato di un adattatore tubolare interno o sagomato per ricevere un raccordo pneumatico ad accoppiamento a pressione. It should be understood that the tubular elements T1, as well as the elements T2, can be provided with any shape and type of connection. For example, the tubular element T1 may be provided with an internal or shaped tubular adapter to receive a press-fit pneumatic fitting.
Si dovrebbe comprendere che tutte le singole caratteristiche e/o forme di realizzazione possono essere combinate tra loro. In aggiunta, le caratteristiche descritte nello stato della tecnica sono tutti soltanto per comprendere meglio l'invenzione e non come una dichiarazione relativamente all'esistenza della tecnica anteriore nota. Pertanto, tutte le caratteristiche descritte nello stato della tecnica possono essere considerate in combinazione con quelle menzionate in ciascuna forma di realizzazione della descrizione dettagliata. It should be understood that all individual features and / or embodiments can be combined with each other. In addition, the features disclosed in the prior art are all only to better understand the invention and not as a statement regarding the existence of the prior art. Therefore, all the features described in the prior art can be considered in combination with those mentioned in each embodiment of the detailed description.
Ulteriori dettagli di implementazione non verranno descritti, dal momento che l'esperto nella tecnica è in grado di realizzare l'invenzione partendo dagli insegnamenti della descrizione precedente. Further implementation details will not be described, since the person skilled in the art is able to carry out the invention starting from the teachings of the preceding description.
Claims (12)
Priority Applications (2)
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ITUA2016A004674A ITUA20164674A1 (en) | 2016-06-27 | 2016-06-27 | SHELL IN COMPOSITE MATERIAL FOR A COMPRESSED AIR CYLINDER AND METHOD TO PRODUCE THE SAME |
DE202017103780.0U DE202017103780U1 (en) | 2016-06-27 | 2017-06-26 | Composite cover for an air tank |
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ITUA2016A004674A ITUA20164674A1 (en) | 2016-06-27 | 2016-06-27 | SHELL IN COMPOSITE MATERIAL FOR A COMPRESSED AIR CYLINDER AND METHOD TO PRODUCE THE SAME |
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WO2014139531A1 (en) * | 2013-03-13 | 2014-09-18 | Hbn-Teknik A/S | An end cap |
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