ITRM20090370A1 - MULTIPURPOSE DEVICE FOR HYDROKINESYTHERAPY, AND A MULTIPURPOSE SWIMMING POOL USING SUCH A MULTIPURPOSE DEVICE. - Google Patents

Description

Multifunctional device for hydrokinesitherapy, and a multifunctional swimming pool using this multifunctional device

The present invention relates to a multifunctional device for hydrokinesitherapy, and a multifunctional swimming pool using this multifunctional device.

More precisely, the present invention relates to a multifunctional device for hydrokinesitherapy, to which the patient will be "hooked", so that he can only make the movements allowed for the therapy. This device is mounted in a pool, which can also contain others for the therapy of several patients.

Rehabilitation medicine and postural re-education, in recent decades, have had a great development to improve the physical conditions of patients through increasingly advanced and innovative technologies and methods. The posture, given its complexity, has been the subject of extensive discussions regarding the different technologies and methods to be applied to obtain satisfactory results.

Hydrokinesiology, a science that studies human movement in water and which allows us to carry out therapies (hydrokinesitherapy [1]) through the help of an external medium such as water, is particularly part of these areas.

The characteristics of water in relation to the body are known to experts in the field such as: the temperature, which, if brought above 30 ° C, produces muscle relaxation, improves circulation and with the pressure stimulus acts on the pain threshold , increasing it. The buoyancy (Archimedes' thrust) avoids overloading the joints and at the same time there is a muscle-ligament distension and therefore the subject works in micro-gravity with a reduction in tension from 1.8 kg / cm <2 > to 0.79 kg / cm <2>.

Therefore, the hydrostatic thrust allows us to subject the subject to work loads early in various pathologies and traumas of an orthopedic nature, thus favoring the functionality of the cardiovascular structures.

Very interesting in water rehabilitation is the aquatic weight in relation to the level of immersion, as in the following table:

Weight Water height

95% Leg

80% Middle third thigh

66% Basin

50% Hips

33% Chest

20% Shoulders

7% Neck

3% Total immersion

The passive resistance to the opposite movement of the water generates a beneficial massage to the body, reducing painful symptoms.

Many national and international studies have established the effects of water therapy both for disorders of the musculoskeletal system (osteoporosis, arthrosis, back pain) and circulatory (venous insufficiency), cardio-vascular [2], orthopedic [3,4 ] (post-trauma and after surgery) and, ultimately, pathologies of the central and peripheral nervous system (paresis, demyelinating diseases, Parkinson's). In addition, a better postural attitude, good physical shape and the prevention of damage that can result from a sedentary lifestyle and aging can be indicated as further positive effects of movement in the water [1].

For what has been said, the movement in the water contributes to creating a positive relationship with the surrounding reality, to further stimulate the intentions for improvement in order to achieve greater autonomy possible and the search for a better quality of life and ultimately reintegration into life. social.

To date, hydrotherapy and rehabilitation in water has fully become an integral part of many rehabilitation programs.

Today's pools can be of various shapes and depths, usually 120 cm, where handrails, ballasting aids, floats or aids that are placed on the bottom of the pool, such as "steps", tilting surfaces, unstable surfaces and bikes are used ("Acquabike ”) That play an important role in hydrokinesitherapy.

A possible goal for improvement is to create a swimming pool that has the possibility of contributing to improving and optimizing recovery times and functionality in the orthopedic, neurological and vascular rehabilitation fields.

Improving the quality of life through micro-gravitational postural re-education, in the various age groups, in subjects who show an incorrect posture.

Accept and improve the muscle-joint functions in people with disabilities.

Finally, use the structure also for training and performance improvement in subjects practicing sports at a competitive level.

In the structure, it is possible to arrange a work equipment different from the traditional ones, possibly multifunctional.

The object of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional device which overcomes the drawbacks and solves the problems of the prior art.

A further specific object of the present invention is a multifunctional swimming pool that overcomes the drawbacks and solves the problems of the prior art.

The subject of the present invention is a multifunctional device for hydrokinesitherapy on a patient, characterized by the fact that it includes:

- a vertical support to which they are connected in a vertically mobile way:

- at least one rigid control element, comprising:

o at least one respective horizontal telescopic arm at the end of which it is connected: o at least one respective rotatable joint, to which in turn it is connected:

or at least one corresponding patient support and / or sling device.

Preferably according to the invention, said vertical support (10) is a vertical monolithic element, in particular that can be fixed to a base in a tub for hydrokinesitherapy.

Preferably according to the invention, said at least one respective rotatable joint is a ball joint and said at least one respective support and / or harness device is a shoulder control device, in particular a double shoulder-chest harness band, said device for shoulder control being connected in particular by means of a quick pneumatic fixing.

Preferably according to the invention, the multifunctional device comprises:

- a rigid control element for shoulder control, in which said respective rotatable joint is a ball joint connected to said respective telescopic horizontal arm in particular by means of a pneumatic quick fixing, as well as

- a rigid control element for controlling the pelvis comprising a first respective horizontal telescopic arm to which a first respective support device and / or harness for controlling the pelvis is connected, in particular a harness band. Preferably according to the invention, said at least one rigid control element comprises at least one respective vertical sliding block, in particular provided with at least one respective sliding handwheel, for adjusting the vertical position.

Preferably according to the invention, said at least one respective telescopic arm is provided with at least one respective handwheel for telescopic horizontal sliding.

Preferably according to the invention, it comprises a second respective horizontal telescopic arm connected to said first respective arm and to the end of which a second respective support and / or harness device is connected with a respective second band for controlling the buttocks, said first device support and / or harness by checking the coccyx area, called the second support device and / or harness by checking the buttock area.

Preferably according to the invention, said rotatable joint is a ball joint and said at least one support and / or harness device is a bed with different bands for monitoring and slinging the patient, in particular a head band, a band for the shoulders, a band for the part around the coccyx and a band for the buttocks, adjustable in height through respective appropriate adjustment means operated by respective cranks, and rigidly connected through a continuous rigid element, the bed being oscillable in the plane perpendicular to the arm thanks to a ball joint, adjustable by crank mechanism.

The specific object of the present invention is a multifunctional tank, comprising

- an underground or semi-underground containment structure;

- an internal structure that defines a perimeter tunnel for inspection and a central volume that can be filled with water,

the tank being characterized by the fact that:

- at least one multifunctional device object of the present invention is mounted in said central zone.

Preferably according to the invention, the base of said central volume is an lifting platform capable of raising the support surface of said at least one multifunctional device and of the patient, so that the level of immersion of the same patient can be varied.

Preferably according to the invention, the tank comprises at least two multifunctional devices mounted on opposite sides facing each other and along different lines perpendicular to said sides.

The invention will now be described for illustrative but not limitative purposes, with particular reference to the drawings of the attached figures, in which:

- Figure 1 shows a vertical side view of an embodiment of the multifunctional device according to the invention;

- figure 2 shows the multifunctional device of figure 1, in a top view;

- Figure 3 shows in (a) a top view and in (b) a side view of a detail of the functional device of Figures 1 and 2;

- Figure 4 shows in (a) - (f) side views of a series of different patient harnesses to the multifunctional device according to the invention, and in (g) a front view of the patient with the harness related belts; - Figure 5 shows in (a) - (h) some typical rehabilitation movements possible with the multifunctional device according to the invention; - Figure 6 shows a variant of the multifunctional device according to the invention, in which an anatomical bed specially designed for the device according to the invention is used; - figure 7 shows some operating positions of the device according to the invention in the variant of figure 6;

- Figure 8 shows a cross section of a tank according to the invention in which the multifunctional device according to the invention is installed; - Figure 9 shows a longitudinal section of a tank according to the invention in which the multifunctional device according to the invention is installed.

In the context described above there is a new concept of swimming pool that we can call multifunctional or rather a water gym and which due to its characteristics is at the same time highly innovative and technological.

This will be designed and built with specific characteristics. First of all, it may consist of one or two intercommunicating or separate tanks that will have two levels of water depth, one of which varies according to the needs of the therapy to be carried out.

In the first tank a variable depth is provided through a mechanism for raising and lowering the support surface, which allows patients of different heights to be able to carry out targeted therapy that goes from the lower limbs to the neck.

Referring to figures 1-3, a multifunctional column will be inserted inside the pool which we will call from now on "Totem Pool Motor Activity" (TPMA) equipped with telescopic auxiliary means which, through sockets, will have the task of blocking selectively anatomical regions such as the shoulders or pelvis, so that controlled movements can be carried out.

More specifically, the TPMA according to the invention comprises a vertical monolithic element 10, which can be fixed to a base 50, and on which a rigid control element 20 for shoulder control and a rigid control element 30 for the control of the pelvis.

Each rigid control element 20 or 30 comprises a vertical sliding block 21 or 31 respectively, provided with a sliding handwheel 22 or 32 respectively, for the vertical adjustment of the respective rigid control element.

The vertical sliding block slides thanks to a worm screw assembly 12 accessible through an opening 11 in the vertical monolithic element 10.

Connected to the vertical sliding block 21,31 there is a respective horizontal arm 23,33 equipped with a respective handwheel for the telescopic horizontal sliding 24,34. In fact, the horizontal arm can be telescopically extended, as evident from figure 1.

Each of the arms 23,33 ends with a respective spherical joint 25,35, provided with a relative locking pawl.

A respective slinging band 27,37 is fixed to this spherical node by means of a quick pneumatic fastening 28,38.

With "sling band" in this document we can also mean the set of a support element and belts for fixing the patient.

The arm 23 is responsible for controlling the shoulders, while the arm 33 is responsible for controlling the pelvis. In the latter case, a smaller arm 40 can also be provided, connected to the arm 33 via a rigid connection 41, on the outer sleeve of the telescopic arm. This arm 40 serves to support the buttocks, through the band 42 placed at its end.

The spherical joint is shown in greater detail in figure 2. The spherical joint, by means of the pawl 26,36, can be calibrated to allow horizontal or vertical movements or to block both.

The pneumatic quick fixing 28,38 has, on the side of the sling band 27,37 an automatic fixing pin 281,381, which engages in a corresponding seat 282,382, to which a suitable pneumatic cylinder 283,383 is connected for locking the connection.

The spherical joint 25.35 can be replaced by the equipment for a bed or a TPMA can be adapted from the beginning with this equipment (see below).

The harness strap 27.37 can be equipped with belts 29.39.

The arm 23 relating to shoulder control is shown in its use also in figure 3. The patient 60 is observed who is "fixed" to the functional device at the shoulders, by means of the belts 27.

Referring to figure 4, the multifunctional device according to the invention allows different patient harnesses 60 to the same multifunctional device 10 through the rigid control elements 20,30,40 and the relative arms. These different harnesses allow the correct execution of a series of rehabilitation movements, some of which are shown in figure 5.

Referring now to Figure 6, it is possible to use, in the multifunctional device according to the invention, only one 20 of the rigid control elements 20,30, at the end of which a "bed" 271 is rotatably connected to which the patient. This bed consists of several support bands: one for the head, one for the shoulders, one for the part around the coccyx and the last for the buttocks, adjustable in height through respective appropriate adjustment means operated by cranks 242, 243 , 244, 245.

These height adjustment means, and therefore the respective bands, are all rigidly connected through a continuous rigid element 272.

The bed can be oscillated in the plane perpendicular to the arm 23 thanks to a spherical joint 251, adjustable by means of crank mechanism 241.

Referring to Figure 7, it is observed that with this variant of the invention it is possible to make the patient 60 work in various positions corresponding to the inclination of the bed.

Referring now to figures 8 and 9, the multifunctional device 10 according to the invention is mounted in a tank 1000, in particular two devices on two facing sides, near corresponding walls 440 of the modular structure of the steel tank.

This modular structure is fixed to an underground or semi-underground containment structure 600.

On the sides of the tank there are 400 passages closed by 300 upper grids.

An lifting platform 500 is able to raise the support surface of the multifunctional devices 10 and of the patient 60, so that the level of immersion of this can be varied.

The TPMA according to the invention has the ability to move 90 ° anterior-posteriorly and rotate 360 ° and thus vary the positions of the subject.

The multifunctional tank according to the invention has the purpose of creating an environment with reduced gravity to perform rehabilitation therapies and / or training of the person concerned.

The subject will be immersed in a swimming pool with heated water or other liquid, by means of the lifting platform, and suitably locked to the TPMA fixing columns both at the level of the pelvis and at the level of the shoulders according to the need of the case, so that he can perform in such environment some movements of parts of the body.

The tank consists of various parts such as the containment structure of the tank, the tank itself, the internal lifting platform, the TPMAs, in addition to the technological systems such as heating, the electrical power and data transmission system, the air conditioning system. the environment, the video system, the security system and other mechanical systems.

The containment structure 600 of the tank 1000 according to the invention has the function of hosting all the equipment and machinery necessary for the operation of the plant, it is the part to be built on site and represents the envelope of the entire plant. The containment structure will be buried, partially buried or completely above ground, and sized to contain the tank and the thermo-hydraulic and electrical systems, as well as the appropriate spaces or tunnels for the maintenance and control of all equipment.

The containment structure 600 can have different dimensions and shapes, deriving from the dimensions of the tank that it will have to contain. The dimensions must also take into account the need to have a tunnel 400 which runs along the entire perimeter of the tank and is able to house all the necessary equipment as well as create an inspection passage for control and maintenance.

The containment structure 600 can be made with a reinforced concrete base slab, walls in reinforced concrete or steel, or walls made with other materials such as PVC, various alloys, wood or composite materials. The tank will then be fixed to the bottom slab.

The tank has the function of containing the heated water and the main part of the system, consisting of the lifting platform with TPMAs and all the equipment to perform therapy or training operations. In the vicinity of the upper edge of the pool, glass openings are foreseen for monitoring, by means of cameras, the activities carried out in the immersed part, in order to verify the correct execution of the exercises and possibly make the appropriate corrections in real time.

The tank 1000 can have different sizes and shapes, such as to allow it to accommodate one or more subjects at the same time who can perform all the methods of therapy and rehabilitation in microgravity. At least 4 vertical guides will be positioned in correspondence with the corners of the tank, equipped with a mechanical locking system in case of failure of the lifting mechanism.

The tank will be made, for the perimeter walls only, with steel panels or other materials such as PVC, alloys, wood or composite materials, equipped with a smooth part towards the inside and external stiffening profiles. These panels will be provided with perforated plates on the lateral sides and on the base side for fixing to the slab of the containment structure and between them. On the upper edge, the panels of the tank will be connected to the containment structure to contain the hydrostatic thrusts. In proximity to the upper edge of the tank walls, glass openings are foreseen for monitoring the activities carried out. Internally, a sheet of rubber, PVC or other materials will be placed to ensure a watertight seal.

All panels will be protected against corrosion.

The tank will be built in the workshop in modules or panels to be assembled on site. The construction in the workshop foresees to equip the various parts with all the system components necessary to allow an easy assembly. All passages and work areas of athletes and patients will be paved with various non-slip materials.

The lifting platform 500, located inside the tank 1000, has the function of supporting on board all the equipment necessary to perform the activities related to rehabilitation in microgravity. It will also be possible to position it at different heights to adapt to the height of the athletes currently involved in the exercises.

Mainly it will contain one or more TPMAs that will have the task of immobilizing the person and will be arranged in various positions and staggered between them to allow easy movement without interference with the other subjects placed on the opposite side.

The TPMA is the most important part as it will have to provide, through manual, semi-automatic or automatic operations, to block the subject in the most suitable parts of the body so that he can perform the exercises correctly and according to the set goal. Cameras will be set up to monitor the subject during therapy or training. The lifting system will be equipped with the most effective safety devices, such as mechanical locking, emergency unlocking and automatic ascent in case of need.

The structure of the platform 500 will consist of a surface with plan dimensions smaller than the base of the tank by 40 mm on the entire perimeter to allow the liquid to flow during the ascent and descent. It will be supported by ropes or other systems on the four corners which through pulleys and transmissions or worm gearboxes will allow vertical movement. The driving action of the movement will be entrusted to a hydraulic control unit or other system, placed inside the tunnel.

The platform structure will be made with shaped profiles in stainless steel or other materials as previously indicated, and the walking surface will be made with an aluminum or stainless steel sheet and coated with aseptic non-slip rubber. In some parts of the top, areas with micro-perforated lining are provided to allow the liquid to flow during ascent and descent.

The columns will be made with stainless steel tubes, fixed to the base with bolts, and various equipment will be provided for fixing the athletes' bodies.

The 500 platform will be built in the workshop and assembled on site. During the construction phase it will be provided with the devices necessary for connection with the systems, with the necessary equipment and also prepared for the passage of electrical services and more.

Returning again to the TPMA 10 of the invention, it is constituted in a preferred embodiment of a vertical monolithic element fixed to the lifting platform, carrying two equipment for locking the subject in correspondence of the shoulders and pelvis. The locking equipment can slide vertically to adapt to the height of the subjects and also provides for the possibility of horizontal telescopic extension so that the subject is positioned as far as possible from the column and does not interfere with it during exercises. The positioning operations of the equipment are performed manually by the operator in the preparation phase of the subject (the preparation phase is carried out with the platform in the position out of the water).

The operator will have to make the subject "wear" two bands placed one on the shoulders and the other on the pelvis, which have one or more external pins that fit into the locking equipment and with a pneumatic cylinder block the subject from the TPMA. In this way, the subject can be blocked only at the level of the shoulders, only at the level of the pelvis, or in both parts of the body, depending on the type of therapy to be performed.

For particular therapies, it is envisaged to insert new equipment at the end of a telescopic arm to place the subject in a supine position, both horizontal and inclined with various rotations depending on the needs of the case. The equipment will consist of a bed that extends from the shoulders to the pelvis and will have elements with vertical sliding that can raise or lower some parts of the same in order to change the position of the pelvis and / or shoulders.

The various parts of which the TPMA is preferably made up are:

A) Vertical monolithic element, made with a round, square or other shaped tube, in which the guides, bushings and nut screws for the vertical sliding mechanism of the locking equipment are inserted. The guides will be equipped with plain bearings in Teflon, brass or other material.

B) The locking equipment will be equipped with the support for the vertical element, the horizontal nut screw and the handwheel for vertical manual movement, and the telescope arm for fixing the subject.

C) The telescopic arm will be made with a round, square or other shaped profile, it will be equipped with bearings for the telescope extension, the screw and nut screw for the extension mechanism, and the ball joint with the system will be positioned at the end. harness attachment. The spherical joint, equipped with appropriate slides and sliding pads, allows rotation on the vertical and horizontal axis. These rotations can be individually enabled or prevented by suitable means.

D) The harness will consist of a horizontal elastic band shaped so as to copy the figure of the shoulders and pelvis, and will be able to adapt (widen and shrink) to the size of the subject. The elastic band will be equipped with a central pin placed on the back, which, inserted in a seat of the ball joint, allows the locking of the subject to the TPMA by means of a pneumatic cylinder with a suitably shaped shutter. The elastic band will have hooks to insert the harness belts, and will be suitably lined and padded with materials such as rubber, PVC or water-repellent synthetic fabrics.

E) The belts will be placed both horizontally, vertically or crossed in order to have various possibilities of locking the subject. They will be made with synthetic microfibre materials with hook and loop closure.

F) The "cot" will consist of the same bands and belts as described above. The position of the pelvis or shoulders will be obtained by means of a vertical screw that slides into the seat (nut screw). The horizontal rotation of the subject will be achieved with a worm gear reducer. All the movements that are performed are such that they do not require locking as they are irreversible, except with a manual intervention on the appropriate handwheel.

The TPMA structure will consist of a variable height tubular section, and the TPMA will be fixed to the lifting platform with plates and bolts. The clamping equipment will consist of a vertical sliding tube and bearings, the horizontal arm with telescopic extension in steel, alloys, PVC or other materials, which can extend for example up to a length of 0.95 m. The vertical and horizontal movement will be achieved by means of worm screws and racks, with reducer and handwheel.

All moving parts and those immersed in water will be made with materials as previously indicated, and will all be made in the workshop with machine tools.

The sliding parts will be made with bearings and parts in contact with Teflon or brass.

The locking bands will be made with elastic steel or other materials as previously indicated, suitably coated.

The TPMA columns according to the invention will be made in the workshop and assembled on site. During the construction phase, the TPMA column will be equipped with the devices necessary for connection with the systems, with the equipment and also prepared for the passage of electrical services and more.

Returning to the multifunctional tank according to the invention, it will be equipped with various systems such as:

a) Water heating system which will consist of a condensing boiler and a temperature regulation system through mixing valves and thermostats.

b) Air conditioning system in the room where the multifunctional tank will be installed, for the treatment of the air in order to avoid condensation and fogging of the glass.

c) Water treatment plant with a filtering and chemical treatment unit.

d) Mechanical and hydraulic system for the movement of the lifting platform.

e) Electrical system consisting of various units which are linked to a control panel where all the controls and adjustments necessary for operation will be available. In general, the electrical system will have to manage the heating, the movement of the lifting platform, the water treatment and the air conditioning system of the room. A unit for detecting the various operating parameters of the entire equipment and transmission to the computer will be provided.

The multifunctional tank will be equipped with a safety system to allow all activities to be carried out with absolute guarantee of the safety of staff and users.

First of all, all operations will be carried out with an operator present, who must have specific training. In addition, the system will be equipped with position detectors of the lifting platform, a rapid water drainage system, water temperature detectors. This detected information will be processed so that, in case some of the values are out of bounds, a well-defined safety procedure is started. Finally, the operator has the possibility to exclude the automatic safety system and intervene manually if he deems it necessary.

The innovative character of the structure and the highly technological systems inserted will allow, through the cameras inserted in the tanks, to be able to control and possibly correct in real time the movements performed by the patients. In addition, there will be the possibility of researching new movements and rehabilitation protocols through an experimentation carried out using the new concept aids used.

In the sports field, the use of kinematics will make it possible to analyze the technical gesture of athletes in order to improve performance by correcting and optimizing the sports gesture.

Finally, the pool will have the prerogative of using alternative materials. In the energy field too, alternative low-cost sources will be studied.

In conclusion, since a structure with the innovative and highly technological features contemplated in this project has not been present in this sector up to now, a very positive impact can be expected that will lead to the development of new, more effective methodologies in the field of hydrokinesitherapy.

This suitably modified structure can be adapted to various pre-existing swimming pools that comply with essential quality and safety rules.

Bibliography

[1] Mejer JL, Rappoport G .: Indications and importance of hydrokinesitherapy, Rev. Med. Suisse Romande, 1986 Mar; 106 (3): 193-7.

[2] Municinò A., Nicolino A., Milanese M., Gronda E., Andreuzzi B., Oliva F., Chiarella F .; Cardio-HKT study Group: Hydrotherapy in advanced heart failure: the cardio-HKT pilot study, Monaldi Arch. Chest. Dis., 2006 Dec; 66 (4): 247-54.

[3] Giaquinto S., Ciotola E., Margutti F., Valentini F .: Gait during hydrokinesitherapy following total hip arthroplasty, Disabil. Rehabil., 2007 May 15; 29 (9): 743-9.

[4] Giaquinto S., Ciotola E., Margotti F .: Gait during hydrokinesitherapy following total knee arthroplasty, Disabil. Rehabil., 2007 May 15; 29 (9): 737-42.

In the foregoing, the preferred embodiments have been described and variants of the present invention have been suggested, but it is to be understood that those skilled in the art will be able to make modifications and changes without thereby departing from the relative scope of protection, as defined by the claims attached.

Claims (11)

CLAIMS 1. Multifunctional device for hydrokinesitherapy on a patient (60), characterized by the fact of including: - a vertical support (10) to which the following are connected in a vertically mobile way: - at least one rigid control element (20,30), comprising: or at least one respective telescopic horizontal arm (23,33) at the end of which is connected: or at least one respective rotatable joint (25,35,251), to which in turn is connected: o at least a corresponding support and / or sling device (27,28; 37,38; 271,272) of the patient (60). 2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that said vertical support (10) is a vertical monolithic element, in particular that can be fixed to a base (50) in a hydrokinesitherapy tank. 3. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said at least one respective rotatable joint (25) is a ball joint and said at least one respective support and / or harness device is a device (27,28) for controlling shoulders, in particular a double shoulder-chest harness band (27), said device (27,28) for controlling the shoulders being in particular connected by means of a quick pneumatic fastening (28). 4. Device according to any one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that it comprises: - a rigid control element (20) for shoulder control, in which said respective rotatable joint (25) is a ball joint connected to said respective telescopic horizontal arm in particular by means of a pneumatic quick fixing (28), as well as - a rigid control element (20) for controlling the pelvis comprising a first respective horizontal telescopic arm to which a first respective support and / or harness device (37, 38) for pelvis control, in particular a harness band (37). 5. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said at least one rigid control element (20,30) comprises at least one respective vertical sliding block (21,31), in particular provided with at least one respective sliding handwheel (22,32), for adjusting the vertical position. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that said at least one respective telescopic arm (23,33) is provided with at least one respective handwheel (24,34) for telescopic horizontal sliding. 7. Device according to any one of claims 4 to 6, when dependent on claim 4, characterized in that it comprises a second respective horizontal telescopic arm (40) connected to said first respective arm and to whose end a second respective device is connected support and / or harness (42) with a respective second band (42) for controlling the buttocks, said first support device and / or harness (35) controlling the coccyx area, said second support and / or harness device ( 40) by checking the buttock area. 8. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that said rotatable joint (25) is a ball joint and said at least one support and / or harness device is a bed (271) with different bands for control and patient sling (60), in particular a head band, a shoulder band, a band for the part around the coccyx and a band for the buttocks, adjustable in height through respective appropriate adjustment means operated by respective cranks ( 242, 243, 244, 245), and rigidly connected through a continuous rigid element (272), the bed (271) being oscillable in the plane perpendicular to the arm (23) thanks to a ball joint (251), adjustable by means of a crank mechanism (241 ). 9. Multifunctional tank (1000), comprising - an underground or semi-underground containment structure (600); - an internal structure that defines a perimeter tunnel (400) for inspection and a central volume that can be filled with water, the tank being characterized by the fact that: - at least one multifunctional device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is mounted in said central zone. 10. Tank according to claim 9, characterized in that the base of said central volume is a lifting platform (500) capable of raising the support surface of said at least one multifunctional device (10) and of the patient (60), so that the immersion level of the same patient can be varied (60). 11. Tank according to claim 10, characterized in that it comprises at least two multifunctional devices (10) mounted on opposite facing sides and along different lines perpendicular to said sides.