ITMI950426U1 - PRODUCTS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF FLOORS WITH PREFABRICATED PANEL ELEMENTS MADE BY THE COMBINATION AND THE UNION BETWEEN THEM - Google Patents

Description

PRODUCTS FOR THE REALIZATION OF FLOORS WITH PREFABRICATED PANEL ELEMENTS CONSISTING OF THE COMBINATION AND UNION BETWEEN THEM OF SPECIAL FORMWORK BLOCKS

This innovation proposes manufactured articles, in particular "reinforced concrete panels and formwork blocks" to be used for the construction of floors.

In the field of flat intrados floors (within which this innovation is inserted) various systems of panels are known; among the best known we briefly mention ·.

a) "prestressed ribbed slab", consisting of a concrete sole. of 4-6 cm. with overlying concrete stiffening ribs. on which lightening blocks in brick, polystyrene or other are interposed.

This type of floor is not used in civil (residential) construction, both for its relevant weight and for congenital difficulties in obtaining a good degree of civil finish.

No thermo-acoustic insulation.

b) "prestressed honeycomb panel" reinforced with strands of harmonic steel, and made with lightening cells of generally spherical or ellipsoidal shape. It is obtained with a complex and expensive construction process, which involves the extrusion of concrete, on a prestressing track, according to the programmed section.

This type of floor, although widely used in industrial construction, does not find any application in residential construction, and is partially used in semi-industrialized construction (shopping centers and offices).

It is a rather heavy element to handle, not suitable for good civil finishes, and absolutely unreliable for good thermal-acoustic insulation.

c) "predelle-like slab", consisting of a cla. reinforced - 4-5 cm thick, with metal trusses protruding from the upper part of the sole and suitable for creating a seam with the completion casting on site; between the trusses, in order to allow a lightening of the floor, bricks, polystyrene blocks, or other elements are usually laid.

This type of attic has conquered, especially recently, a considerable segment of the market, both in civil and semi-industrialized construction.

Its limits are constituted by the lack of thermal-acoustic insulation due to the irremediable presence of strong "thermal bridges. Furthermore, in this type of floor, the use of polystyrene as a lightening material is generalized: this determines the onset of a series of contraindications (regarding the strong water absorption in the first phase, and the problematic resistance to fire, then).

Finally, for the installation, it requires the preparation of a very dense temporary support platform.

d) "brick panels": packaged with brick piers, it is normally made up of two rows of brick piers with interposed reinforced concrete ribs; floor to be completed on site with a complementary casting. In civil (residential) construction this is judged on. most suitable floor, especially in its most basic typological version, made up, unlike the first (with panels), of brick blocks on Bausta-type lattice beams.

We are always in the presence of a floor which, in the "panel" type, is not very easy to handle due to its weight, is fragile due to the very nature of the brick, contains the casting of a rib that is poorly integrated structurally with the casting to be completed on site . Fire resistance does not reach satisfactory values.

In the "with joists and pignatte" type, however, while the poor resistance to fire remains, an appreciable result of industrialization of the floor system is not achieved: in fact, a manual installation technique must still be used (first the laying of the beams and between them, one by one the brick pots).

In these typologies, a very expensive temporary docking is mandatory.

The present innovation now fits into this sector, which eliminates the drawbacks of the previous systems. In fact, this is a panel consisting of a succession of "formwork blocks" juxtaposed together until reaching the required length each time.

These blocks will be made of light, fireproof, soundproofing and, if necessary, water-repellent material as required; the preparation of the formwork blocks is to be foreseen separately, in factories already started up on large productions of similar elements (such as blocks for masonry). The types of these new blocks can range from "concrete with expanded clay", to "cellular concrete", to the more complex "wood compounds mineralized with cement", to "appropriately recomposed brick", or "other".

The real novelty is the shape (section) that we give to these formwork blocks and the functions that they can perform with this shape. In fact, once the formwork blocks are positioned on a prefabrication track (but also simply on a flat surface), they can easily contain, in special grooves, a cast of reinforced concrete. This reinforced concrete casting above and within the blocks themselves constitutes a continuous section of casting, in the shape of a "pigreco" having a dual function

- the first, that of assembling the formwork blocks themselves; - the second, that of forming together with them the real "self-supporting panel" to be laid on site.

This prefabricated panel, on site, will be ready to withstand the weight of the subsequent casting for the formation of both the joists between one panel and the other, and the overlying hood.

It will not be necessary to resort to temporary support props as required by traditional floors or at least said temporary props may be very sparse and only serve to avoid small differentiated failures. Generally, a slight decrease in the number of temporary props necessary for the installation of a floor, represents a significant saving on construction costs.

The floor which is to be completed on site by means of this prefabricated panel mainly entrusts its static functions to the overlying concrete casting to be carried out on site.

On its part (of the panel) the intrinsic characteristics of thermal-acoustic insulation, thermal inertia and ecological nature are relevant.

In fact - it is a question of seeing a real false ceiling created at the same time as the load-bearing structure of the slabs, of the very nature of the blocks used; this false ceiling is interposed in continuity between the actual static structure and the underlying environment.

On the other hand, the ethical section of the floor is strictly reserved for reinforced concrete to be cast on site.

The present innovation will now be described in detail, with reference to the attached figures in which:

-Figure 1 illustrates the perspective view of a formwork block.

Figure 2 illustrates the perspective view of a panel for the construction of floors according to the invention;

-Figure 3 illustrates, in vertical section, a finished floor slab;

With reference to the attached figures, the panels according to the innovation comprise a series of formwork blocks of the type indicated with -1-, and held side by side by the prefabrication cast in reinforced concrete with a shape commonly known as "a pigreco" and indicated with - 2-.

The seat of this casting is arranged in such a way that the beams are subjected to traction upwards for transport operations etc. they do not come off the formwork blocks: for this purpose special recesses -3- have been created.

From the juxtaposition of the panels derives the shape of the casting to be completed on site, so that the prefabricated panel acts as a disposable formwork, and is almost self-supporting.

The joists-4- will be filled, after laying the necessary reinforcing rods; the shape of these joists is such that it will be impossible to detach the formwork blocks downwards from the casting made on site.

Simultaneously with the casting of the joists, the collaborating casting hood -5-. Will be performed, after laying the necessary reinforcing rods.

Obviously the dimensions, as well as the materials used, may vary according to the requirements of use.

Claims (1)

CLAIMS -1) Products for the construction of floors composed of formwork blocks made of materials with high thermo-acoustic, transpiring and ecological characteristics. -2) Products according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the type of formwork block used, is of such a composition, in strength and lightness, that it can be produced and easily manipulated, a single piece, in width such as the entire panel attic . 3) Products according to claims 1 and 2, characterized by the fact that, within the width of the block, there is the housing of one or more seats suitable for receiving variously shaped reinforced concrete casting, but in any case able to allow both the assembly of the blocks, and the self-supporting capacity of the panel in place. -4) Products according to the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the formwork blocks substantially maintain the shape and functions envisaged, but may contain features and / or properties supplementing or alternating with those of claim 1). 5) Slabs made by using products according to any of the preceding claims.