ITMI20111538A1 - PROCEDURE FOR ADJUSTING THE AIR FLOW IN A PLANT FOR AIR TREATMENT AND ITS PLANT - Google Patents

Description

DESCRIPTION

Attached to a patent application for INDUSTRIAL INVENTION entitled:

â € œPROCESS FOR ADJUSTING THE AIR FLOW IN AN AIR TREATMENT SYSTEM AND RELATED SYSTEMâ €

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a process for regulating the air flow rate in an air treatment plant and the relative plant used to carry out this procedure.

Furthermore, the present invention also relates to a procedure for starting up and running, in particular during the winter season in the heating phase, of an air treatment system and the relative system used to carry out this procedure.

TECHNOLOGICAL BACKGROUND

As is well known, there are and are widely used air conditioning / treatment systems that involve the use of one or more fans designed to generate an increase in pressure inside a predetermined number of ducts to them. once capable of conveying air in correspondence with diffusion openings or also with perforated diffuser elements in the form of ducts in order to diffuse treated air in the environment surrounding the treatment plant.

These systems are generally intended for air conditioning, heating in winter and cooling in summer, even important environments (such as rooms used for fairs, salons, swimming pools, etc.).

The major problems encountered today on these systems are related to the configurability of the system itself in terms of portions of the system activated / deactivated and in relation to the calibration of the system following its installation.

It is in fact true that the air diffusion systems in the environment, in particular the pulsed ones, that is with the introduction of air into the environment and the generation of an inductive effect capable of moving large volumes of ambient air, are extremely sensitive to variations in flow rate. of air per linear meter with respect to the design conditions.

Therefore, during the installation phase of the system, where excessive flow losses are generated due to an approximate installation of the system or also to situations that cannot be foreseen a priori that involve deviations of the system with respect to the design conditions, it is possible to find in situations of erroneous air diffusion with, for example, poor inductive effect, or, even worse, with undesirable currents on the ground.

These situations often involve embarrassment and the risk of litigation with the client and in any case require unforeseen interventions and changes to the project that lead to delays in delivery times and increases in the cost of the work.

One of the further problems felt is also that of allowing a simple and effective homogenization of the temperature of the environment in the start-up conditions of the plant.

In fact, particularly in the winter period, and especially after regret has been deactivated for a certain period of time (for example after the weekend or after a few days of closure), the times to ensure that the room temperature to be conditioned is substantially homogeneous (ie the temperature difference between the air on the ground and the air close to the roof must be within acceptable limits) are generally quite long.

For specific design and comfort of use, it is required that in conditions of normal use of the system, no substantial currents are generated on the ground that can annoy the people who work in the environment; on the other hand, the generation of currents, in particular on the ground, could favor the mixing of the air and reduce the running times.

In this situation, the technicians of the sector have worked to find optimal solutions in which the air set in motion is sufficient to allow it to reach full capacity, but not such as to generate current on the ground that is annoying for the user. Moreover, in order to avoid this last situation which would necessarily involve the shutdown of the plant, during the design phase we tend to evaluate safety criteria which, on the one hand, guarantee the absence of such currents on the ground, € ™ other have negative repercussions in terms of effectiveness and timing of implementation.

In some situations, an attempt has been made to use fans to generate greater pressure increases in the system during the start-up phase in such a way as to consequently obtain higher flow rates and therefore to â € œblowâ € more air into the environment in order to reduce the time required for full operation.

However, this solution is only a palliative since if the system is correctly sized, there is no particular operating margin to increase the pressure through the fans as the latter already operate in a situation such that further increases in pressure in general, they do not generate corresponding increases in flow, thus nullifying the desired effect.

Conversely, if the fans were oversized this effect would be obtainable, but in fact the system would be used for most of the time not for its real potential.

Finally, the design of systems that need to introduce different volumes of air depending on the season (winter vs summer) is also problematic as the switching off / on of portions of the system must not create the problems of current to the ground or lack of inductive effect. as explained above.

From document EP 2244022 an air treatment plant of the type briefly mentioned above is also known in which there is a compensated ring on which a predetermined number of fans are active and which also has a plurality of emerging branches by the compensated ring for air diffusion.

This system also has interception devices positioned at nodes that allow you to activate / deactivate part of the system mainly for winter / summer operation according to the needs in terms of volume of air to be diffused.

SUMMARY

In this situation, the basic technical aim of the present invention is that of substantially solving the drawbacks and overcoming the limitations of the known art briefly described.

A first purpose of the system is to allow regulation of the air flow in a treatment system in such a way as to be able to obtain the desired air flow per linear meter regardless of design errors, system assembly errors and / o unforeseen / foreseeable conditions of installation of the system.

Furthermore, the aim is to allow start-up and start-up with a rapid reduction of the inhomogeneities of temperature inside the environment to be treated in a short time.

An additional purpose is to obtain a more effective mixing of the air on the ground in such a way as to move the cold air which, typically present in the winter season, tends to remain on the ground making it difficult to homogenize the temperatures.

A further auxiliary purpose of the proposed plant is also to ensure optimal operating efficiency of the plant both in initial transient conditions and in normal operating conditions, guaranteeing the best start-up phase of the plant even where design conditions did not allow the optimal positioning of the various components.

A further auxiliary purpose of the plant described is to allow an adjustment that is as automatic as possible and independent of human interventions and therefore to minimize possible delays, inefficiencies and errors in the adjustment of the plant.

In accordance with a first independent aspect of the invention, a procedure is envisaged for regulating the air flow rate in an air treatment plant, regretted including: at least one air handling unit (2) designed to generate a flow of air; a plurality of diffusion elements (4) to diffuse the treated air into the environment; at least one transport duct (13) to transfer the air to be diffused from the treatment unit (2) to the diffuser elements (4); at least one element for interrupting the flow (20), for example a shutter, movable between a first operating condition in which it allows a passage of fluid towards the diffusion elements (4) and a second operating condition in which it substantially intercepts the air reducing, with respect to the first operating condition, the passage of air towards at least one of the diffusion elements (4), said flow interruption element (20) being interposed between a first portion (100) of the plant directly in fluid connection with said at least one air handling unit (2) and a second portion (200) of the system and intercepting the flow of air coming from said at least one air handling unit (2) and directed towards the second portion (200) of the plant; at least one pressure or flow sensor (22) to detect an operating pressure or flow rate inside the plant, the procedure comprising the following steps: activate the treatment unit (2) to generate a flow of air to be diffused inside the transport duct (13) and the diffusers (4); using the sensor (22) to detect the pressure or flow rate generated inside the system; move, manually or automatically, said flow interruption element (20) to an operating position between the first and second operating conditions as a function of the pressure or flow rate measurement performed by the sensor (22) to adjust the air flow rate to the ™ inside the system.

In accordance with a 2nd aspect according to the 1st aspect, a procedure is provided in which the sensor (22) is positioned in correspondence with the first portion (100) of the system to detect a pressure or an operating flow rate of the first portion of the plant directly in fluid connection with said at least one air handling unit (2).

In accordance with a 3rd aspect according to the 1st or 2nd aspect, a procedure is provided in which the phase of moving said flow interruption element (20) is carried out according to the pressure or flow rate detection of the first. portion (100) of the plant directly in fluid connection with said at least one air handling unit (2) to regulate the air flow rate in correspondence with said first portion (100) of the plant interposed between said at least one € ™ air handling unit (2) and said at least one flow interruption element (20).

In accordance with a 4th aspect according to any of the preceding aspects, a process is provided which further comprises the step of selecting a desired air flow rate per linear meter and moving said flow interruption element (20) to a position between the first and second operating conditions as a function of the detection of pressure or flow rate carried out by the sensor (22) to exclude, at least partially, at least one diffuser element (4) and bring the real value of the air flow per linear meter into the first portion of the system with values close to or coinciding with the desired air flow rate per linear meter.

In accordance with a 5th aspect according to the previous aspect, a procedure is provided in which the step of selecting the desired value of air flow per linear meter comprises a sub-phase of determining a desired value of air flow per linear meter in conditions to make the system fully operational with use of the system for heating an environment, for example in the winter season, and / or a sub-phase to determine a desired value of air flow per linear meter of the project in order not to generate currents to the ground and obtain a diffusion of the air by inductive effect, and / or a sub-phase of determining a desired value of air flow per linear meter in operating condition by means of one or more diffusers (4) excluded while maintaining an air flow rate for linear meter of the project in order not to generate currents on the ground and to obtain a diffusion of the air by inductive effect in the first portion of the system not excluded and an ul further sub-step of selecting one of said desired values. In accordance with a 6th aspect according to any of the previous aspects, a procedure is provided which also includes the step of generating an increase in pressure in the air to be diffused inside the system with respect to the operating pressure, called increase of pressure being obtained by at least partial exclusion of one or more diffuser elements (4), the diffuser elements (4) excluded substantially by not diffusing, or diffusing in a reduced way with respect to normal operation, air in the environment, said pressure increase causing a substantial increase in the launch of the diffusers (4) not excluded, optionally called an increase in the launch of the diffusers (4) not excluded, generating currents close to the ground in the environment to be conditioned and moving the air present there.

In accordance with a 7th aspect according to any of the preceding aspects, a process is provided in which the regression comprises a predetermined number of diffuser elements in the form of diffuser channels (4a) equipped with a plurality of holes (14) in correspondence with a surface side (15), said plurality of holes (14) being optionally turned at least partially downwards in conditions of use of the diffuser channel (4a), the diffuser channel (4a) presenting a first end (16) directly in connection of fluid with the transport channel (13) and a second end (17) closed, an exclusion, at least partial, of one or more of said diffuser channels (4a) occurring through an interruption, at least partial, of the communication of fluid between the transport channel (13) and a terminal portion (18) of the diffuser channel (4a) defining said second portion of the system and placed in correspondence with the second closed end (17) knows, the air flow in the terminal portion (18) of the diffuser channel (4a) undergoes a decrease following the interruption, at least partially, of communication with the transport duct (13).

In accordance with an 8th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects, a process is provided in which the regression comprises a predetermined number of diffuser elements in the form of diffuser channels (4a) equipped with a plurality of holes (14) in correspondence with their own lateral surface (15), said plurality of holes (14) being optionally turned downwards in conditions of use of the diffuser channel (4a), the diffuser channel (4a) presenting a first end (16) directly in fluid connection with the transport channel (13) and a second end (17) directly in fluid connection with a further transport channel (13), an at least partial exclusion of one or more of said diffuser channels (4a) occurring by interrupting, at least partially, the fluid communication between a central portion (19) of the diffuser channel (4) defining said second portion of the system and interposed between the first and second end (16, 17), the flow of air in the central portion (19) of the duct undergoing a variation following the interruption, at least partially, of communication with the transport ducts (13).

In accordance with a 9th aspect according to any of the previous aspects 6, 7 or 8, a procedure is provided, in which the exclusion phase, at least partial, includes a sub-phase of movement of the flow interruption element (20) from the first operating condition to the second operating condition.

In accordance with a 10th aspect according to any of the preceding aspects, a process is envisaged in which the regression comprises at least one actuator (25) to move the flow interruption element (20) between the first operating condition and the second condition operative and vice versa, the sub-phase of movement of the flow interruption element (20) being a sub-phase of automatic movement through said actuator (25).

In accordance with an 11th aspect according to the previous aspect, a process is provided which also comprises a control unit (CPU) designed to receive the pressure or flow signal from the sensor (22) at the input and to control the movement of said actuator (25) to adjust the air flow rate in correspondence with the first portion (100) of the system.

In accordance with a 12th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects 4 and 11, a process is provided which further comprises a memory containing at least a desired value of pressure and / or a desired value of air flow per linear meter in the first portion of the system and in which the control unit (CPU) commands the movement of said actuator to adjust the air flow rate in correspondence with the first portion of the system according to the value received by the sensor (22) and the desired flow rate value of air per linear meter, in particular said desired air flow rate per linear meter being associated with a corresponding predetermined pressure value, the control unit (CPU) moving the flow interruption element (20) between the first operating condition and the second operating condition or vice versa to determine within the first portion of the system a real pressure variation detected or of real flow rate detected by the sensor (22) and bring the real pressure value detected or real flow rate detected to the preset pressure value associated with the desired air flow per linear meter or with the desired air flow per linear meter, the movement of said flow interruption element (20) allowing the control unit to regulate the air flow rate in correspondence with the first portion (100) of the system.

In accordance with a 13th aspect according to any of the preceding aspects 4 or 5, a procedure is envisaged in which the flow interruption element (20) is interposed between an initial portion (21) and the terminal portion (18) of the speaker channel (4a), the initial portion (21) being defined by at least 40% of the total volume of the speaker channel (4a) and in particular by at least 60%, the at least partial exclusion phase leading to an increase of the pressure in the initial portion (21) of the diffuser channel (4a) and a corresponding increase in the air throw from the diffusion holes (14) of the initial portion (21) of the diffuser channel (4a).

In accordance with a 14th aspect according to any of the preceding aspects, a procedure is provided in which said exclusion phase is an adjustable exclusion phase in order to obtain different positive or negative pressure variation values.

In accordance with a 15th aspect according to any of the preceding aspects, a procedure is envisaged which also comprises the following steps: set up at least an optimal pressure value or an optimal range of values for the full operation of the treatment plant; adjust the at least partial exclusion of one or more diffuser elements (4) according to the pressure reading carried out by the sensor (22) to bring the operating pressure of the system to converge towards the optimal pressure value or towards the range of optimal pressure values.

In accordance with a 16th aspect according to the previous aspect, a procedure is envisaged in which regret includes one or more elements of interruption of the flow (20) mobile between the first operating condition in which I allow the exit of the air from the diffuser elements (4) and the second operating condition in which they intercept the air of at least one diffuser element (4) reducing the air diffusion, said exclusion regulation phase including a movement of a interruption of the flow (20) from the first operating condition towards the second operating condition to vary in a controlled manner the diffusion of the air leaving the diffusion element (4).

In accordance with a 17th independent aspect, an air treatment plant is envisaged, comprising: at least one air treatment unit (2) designed to generate an increase in pressure in the air to be diffused; a predetermined number of diffuser elements to diffuse treated air into the environment, said predetermined number of diffuser elements being in the form of diffuser channels (4a) equipped with a plurality of holes (14) in correspondence with a lateral surface (15), the diffuser channel (4a) presenting a first end (16) directly in fluid connection with the transport channel (13) and a second closed end (17); at least one transport duct (13) to transfer the air to be diffused from the treatment unit to the diffuser elements (4); one or more flow interruption elements (20) movable between a first condition in which they allow the air to escape from the diffuser elements (4) and a second operating condition in which they intercept, at least partially, the supply air at least one diffuser element (4) reducing the air diffusion from this diffuser element, characterized by the fact that at least one flow interruption element (20) is interposed between an initial portion (21) and an end portion ( 18) of the diffuser channel (4a) placed in correspondence with the second closed end (17), the initial portion (21) being defined by at least 40% of the total volume of the diffuser channel (4a) and in particular by at least 60%, said flow interruption element (2) being movable from the first to the second operating condition to cause an increase in pressure in the initial portion (21) of the diffuser channel (4a) and a corresponding increase in the air throw from the diffusion holes (14) of the initial portion (21) of the diffuser channel (4a), the air flow in the terminal portion (18) of the diffuser channel (4a) undergoing a substantial decrease following the interruption, at least partially, communication with the transport channel (13).

In accordance with an 18th aspect according to the previous aspect, an air treatment plant is provided which also comprises at least one pressure or flow rate sensor (22) to detect an operating pressure or flow rate inside the System and also a control unit (23) configured to detect through the sensor (22) an operating pressure or flow rate inside the system and to regulate the at least partial exclusion of one or more diffuser elements (4) according to the detection carried out by the sensor (22).

In accordance with a 19th aspect according to the previous aspect, an air treatment plant is envisaged in which the control unit (23) is configured to receive at least an optimal pressure value or an optimal range of pressure values, for example to bring the treatment system up to speed, from a memory and to regulate the at least partial exclusion of one or more diffuser elements (4) according to the pressure reading carried out by the sensor ( 22) to bring the operating pressure of the system to converge towards the optimal pressure value or towards the optimal range of pressure values.

In accordance with a 20 ° aspect according to any one of the previous aspects 17 to 19, an air treatment plant is provided, further comprising a memory containing at least a desired pressure value and / or a desired air flow value. per linear meter in the first portion of the system and in which the control unit (CPU) commands the movement of said actuator to adjust the air flow rate in correspondence with the first portion of the system according to the pressure value received from the sensor (22) and of the desired air flow rate per linear meter, in particular said desired air flow rate per linear meter being associated with a corresponding predetermined pressure value, the control unit (CPU) moving the ™ element for interrupting the flow (20) between the first operating condition and the second operating condition or vice versa to determine within the first portion of the plant u n real pressure variation detected by the sensor (22) and bring the real pressure value detected to the predetermined pressure value associated with the desired air flow per linear meter, the movement of said flow interruption element (20) allowing the control unit to regulate the air flow in correspondence with the first portion of the system.

In accordance with a 21st independent aspect, a procedure is envisaged for the full operation of an air treatment plant, regretted including: at least one air handling unit (2) designed to generate an increase in pressure in the air to be diffused; a plurality of elements (4) to diffuse the treated air into the environment; at least one transport duct (13) to transfer the air to be diffused from the treatment unit to the diffuser elements (4), the procedure comprising the following steps: operate the treatment unit (2) to generate an increase pressure in the air to be diffused inside the transport duct (13) and the diffusers (4); generate a further pressure increase in the air to be diffused, characterized by the fact that said further pressure increase is obtained by at least partial exclusion of one or more diffuser elements (4), the diffuser elements (4) excluded substantially do not by diffusing, or diffusing in a reduced manner with respect to normal operation, during normal operation, the air in the environment, said further pressure increase resulting in a substantial increase in the launch of the diffusers (4) not excluded to generate currents near the ground in the environment to be conditioned and to move the air present there.

In accordance with a 22 ° aspect according to the previous aspect, a process is provided in which the system comprises a predetermined number of diffuser elements in the form of diffuser channels (4a) equipped with a plurality of holes (14) in correspondence with a lateral surface (15), said plurality of holes (14) being in particular facing downwards in conditions of use of the diffuser channel (4a), the diffuser channel (4a) having a first end (16) directly in connection with fluid with the transport channel (13) and a second end (17) closed, the exclusion, at least partial, of one or more of said diffuser channels (4a) by an interruption, at least partial, of the communication fluid between a terminal portion (18) of the diffuser channel (4a) placed in correspondence with the second closed end (17) and the transport channel (13), the flow of air in the terminal portion (18) of the diffuser channel (4a) undergoes nd a substantial decrease following the interruption, at least partially, of communication with the transport channel (13).

In accordance with a 23rd aspect according to any one of the previous aspects from 20 to 22, a procedure is provided in which the system comprises a predetermined number of diffuser elements in the form of diffuser channels (4a) equipped with a plurality of holes ( 14) in correspondence with its own lateral surface (15), said plurality of holes (14) being in particular facing downwards in conditions of use of the diffuser channel (4a), the diffuser channel (4a) having a first end (16) directly in fluid connection with the transport duct (13) and a second end (17) directly in fluid connection with a further transport duct (13), the exclusion, at least partial, of one or more of said diffuser channels (4a) occurring by at least partial interruption of the fluid communication between a central portion (19) of the diffuser channel (4) interposed between the first and second ends (16, 17), the door amount of air in the central portion (19) of the duct undergoing a substantial decrease following the interruption, at least partially, of communication with the transport ducts (13).

In accordance with a 24th aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects 22 to 23, a method is provided in which the diffuser channel (4a) comprises at least one flow interruption element (20), for example a damper, movable between a inoperative condition in which it allows a passage of fluid towards the terminal portion (18) or the central portion (19) and an operating condition in which it at least partially intercepts the air reducing the passage of air towards this portion, the operating condition being optionally also coinciding with a substantial interruption of the fluid passage, the exclusion phase, at least partial, including a sub-phase of movement of the flow interruption element (20) from the inoperative condition to the operating condition.

In accordance with a 25th aspect according to the previous aspect, a procedure is envisaged in which regret comprises at least one actuator to move the flow interruption element (20) between the inoperative condition and the operational one and vice versa, the sub-phase of movement of the flow interruption element (20) being a sub-phase of automatic movement by means of said actuator.

In accordance with a 26 ° aspect according to any of the previous aspects from 24 to 25, a procedure is envisaged in which the flow interruption element (20) is interposed between an initial portion (21) and the terminal (18) of the speaker channel (4a), the initial portion (21) being defined by at least 40% of the total volume of the speaker channel (4a) and in particular by at least 60%, the at least partial exclusion phase involving a increase in pressure in the initial portion (21) of the diffuser channel (4a) and a corresponding increase in the air throw from the diffusion holes (14) of the initial portion (21) of the diffuser channel (4a).

In accordance with a 27 ° aspect according to any one of the preceding aspects from 20 to 26, a procedure is provided in which said exclusion phase is an adjustable exclusion phase in order to obtain different values of the pressure increase.

In accordance with a 28 ° aspect according to any of the previous aspects from 20 to 27, a procedure is provided in which the regression further comprises at least one pressure sensor (22) for detecting an operating pressure inside the system, the method further comprising the following steps: detecting at least said further pressure increase by means of the pressure sensor (22); adjust the at least partial exclusion of one or more diffuser elements (4) according to the pressure reading carried out by the sensor (22).

In accordance with a 29th aspect according to the previous aspect, a procedure is envisaged which also includes the steps of: setting at least an optimal pressure value or an optimal range of values for bringing the treatment plant up to speed; adjust the at least partial exclusion of one or more diffuser elements (4) according to the pressure reading carried out by the sensor (22) to bring the operating pressure of the system to converge towards the optimal pressure value or towards the range of optimal pressure values.

In accordance with a 30 ° aspect according to the previous aspect, a procedure is envisaged in which the regret comprises one or more elements of flow interruption (20) moving between an inoperative condition in which I allow the air to escape from the diffuser elements (4) and an operating condition in which they intercept the air of at least one diffuser element reducing the air diffusion, said exclusion regulation phase including a movement of a flow interruption element (20 ) from the inoperative condition to the operative condition to reduce in a controlled manner the diffusion of the air exiting the diffusion element (4).

In accordance with a 31st independent aspect, an air treatment plant is envisaged, comprising: at least one air treatment unit (2) designed to generate an increase in pressure in the air to be diffused; a plurality of diffuser elements (4) to diffuse treated air into the environment; at least one transport duct (13) to transfer the air to be diffused from the treatment unit to the diffuser elements (4); one or more flow interruption elements (20) movable between an operating condition in which they allow the air to escape from the diffuser elements (4) and an operating condition in which they intercept, at least partially, the supply air at least one diffuser element (4) reducing the diffusion of air from the latter, characterized by the fact that regret also comprises at least one pressure sensor (22) to detect an operating pressure inside the system and from the fact that it also includes a control unit (23) configured to detect through the pressure sensor (22) an operating pressure inside the system and to regulate the at least partial exclusion of one or more diffuser elements (4) depending on the pressure measurement performed by the sensor (22).

In accordance with a 32 ° aspect according to the previous aspect, a system is envisaged in which the control unit (23) is configured to receive at least an optimal pressure value or an optimal range of pressure values for at full speed of the treatment system from a memory and to regulate the at least partial exclusion of one or more diffuser elements (4) according to the pressure measurement carried out by the sensor (22) to bring the operating pressure of the system to converge towards the optimum pressure value or towards the range of optimum pressure values.

In accordance with a 33rd independent aspect, an air treatment plant is envisaged, comprising: at least one air treatment unit (2) designed to generate an increase in pressure in the air to be diffused; a plurality of diffuser elements (4) to diffuse treated air into the environment; at least one transport duct (13) to transfer the air to be diffused from the treatment unit to the diffuser elements (4); at least a predetermined number of diffuser elements being in the form of diffusing channels (4a) equipped with a plurality of holes (14) in correspondence with its own lateral surface (15) and having a first end (16) directly in fluid connection with the ducting transport (13) and a second closed end (17), the diffuser channel (4a) comprising at least one flow interruption element (20), for example a shutter, movable between an inoperative condition in which it allows a passage of fluid towards the terminal portion (18) and an operating condition in which it at least partially intercepts the air reducing the passage of the fluid, the operating condition being able to optionally also coincide with a substantial interruption of the fluid passage, the interruption element of the fluid (20) being interposed between an initial portion (21) and the terminal portion (18) of the diffuser channel (4a), the initial portion (21) being defined ta by at least 40% of the total volume of the speaker channel (4a) and in particular by at least 60%.

In accordance with a 34th aspect according to any of the preceding aspects from 1 to 27 or from 21 to 30, a process is provided in which the sensor (22) is positioned in correspondence with the first or second portion (100; 200) of the system to detect a pressure or an operating flow rate of the first or second portion respectively, the step of moving said flow interruption element (20) being carried out as a function of the pressure detection to regulate the air flow rate in correspondence with said portion (100; 200) of the system where the sensor is positioned.

These and other purposes which will become clearer in the course of the following description are substantially achieved by a method for adjusting the air flow rate in an air treatment plant and relative plant according to the appended claims.

Further characteristics and advantages will become more apparent from the detailed description of an embodiment and exemplary embodiment of a procedure for regulating the air flow rate in an air treatment plant and of one or more embodiments of plants that can be used for the implementation of this procedure.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The description will be made hereafter with reference to the accompanying drawings, provided for indicative purposes only, therefore not limiting in which:

- figure 1 shows an exemplary diagram of an air treatment plant which allows to carry out the procedure for regulating the air flow according to what is described below;

Figure 2 shows a cross section of the three linear perforated channels of Figure 1; - figure 3 is a perspective view of a plant equipped with two linear perforated channels placed side by side;

- figure 4 shows in section the node from which the two linear perforated channels of figure 2 branch off;

figure 5 shows a cross section of the two linear perforated channels of figure 3;

Figures 6a and 6b show an exemplary diagram of a further plant for the treatment of the air which allows to carry out the procedure for regulating the air flow rate according to what is described below, respectively, in a first and in a second operating condition;

figure 7 shows an alternative embodiment of a node from which different channels branch off;

- figures 8 - 22 show air treatment systems that allow the adoption of a procedure for regulating the air flow as described;

Figure 23 is an interrupted perspective view of a node usable in the systems of the preceding figures;

figure 24 shows a section according to a vertical plane of the node of figure 23;

Figure 25 schematically illustrates a possible alternative embodiment of a part of the treatment plant as described; figure 26 is a schematic view of a further embodiment of a portion of the treatment plant as described;

- figures 27a and 27b show in cross section a possible embodiment of a flow interruption element respectively in an inoperative condition and in an operative condition of interception of the flow;

Figures 28 and 29 show in vertical section, a further embodiment of an air treatment plant in accordance with what is described in an operating condition of normal operation and in an operating condition of full running or start-up of the plant ;

Figure 30 shows a hybrid system incorporating both standard air diffusers and perforated channels for introducing air into the room by induction; and Figure 31 shows an embodiment variant of the previously described systems.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

With reference to the figures cited with 1, an air treatment plant has been indicated as a whole.

The system first of all includes a predetermined number of air handling units 2 whose main purpose is to transfer energy in the form of an increase in pressure to the air to be diffused into the environment in such a way as to allow its diffusion through regret of treatment. For this purpose, the air handling units 2 can comprise fans capable of generating the aforementioned increase in pressure and a corresponding flow of air inside the system.

By way of example only, the aforementioned fan or fans may be centrifugal fans and for some applications they may also have variable flow rates.

The air handling units 2 can then be equipped with further devices designed to thermally condition the air flow by cooling or heating it according to the treatment needs of the environment in which the system is installed.

In this regard, there may be hot or cold water batteries or more.

The variation of the temperature of the air flow at the end of the ducting can be controlled by a variation of the temperature of the water circulating in the coils and affected by the flow that conditions thermally or, alternatively (or even in combination), by a variation of the air flow crossing, if there are fans with variable flow.

Furthermore, the treatment unit 2 can include humidifiers, filters or similar devices for conditioning the air introduced into the environment.

The air handling unit is configured in such a way as to allow the transfer of air to be diffused towards suitable diffuser elements 4 described below through at least one transport duct 13 intended to put this air handling unit 2 in fluid communication with the speakers 4.

In general, the transport duct 13 may have different configurations and include elements or modules of various kinds, in particular according to the design requirements.

In detail, it may include suitable air supply channels 8 through which the air handling unit 2 can be connected to the fluid with suitable manifolds 3 forming part of the transport channel 13. In this way the air flow generated it can be suitably conveyed either inside the manifold through one or more respective accesses 5 as illustrated in the accompanying illustrative images (see figures 16 to 22 for example).

Each air treatment plant according to what has been described generally comprises at least one manifold 3 (even if in some extremely simplified embodiments this manifold could be absent; see for example Figure 14).

As can then be seen from the accompanying figures, each manifold 3 has respective accesses 5 directly connected to the air handling unit 2, for example through the aforementioned air supply channel 8.

Still from a general point of view, figures 8, 10, 12, 14 comprise a single air handling unit 2 with respective air supply channels 8 which, through access 5, send an air flow to the manifold 3 .

Vice versa, figures 9, 11 and 13 comprise at least two air handling units 2 with respective air supply channels 8 which, through the accesses 5, send the air flow into the same manifold 3.

Alternatively, or in combination, it is possible that a single air handling unit 2 has two or more supply channels 8 which carry the flow to different points of the manifold 3 through different accesses 5 (see for example Figure 19).

In this second mode, the flow generated by a single air handling unit 2 is distributed over various air supply channels 8 and is therefore introduced inside the manifold 3 in different positions. The system then comprises the aforementioned diffuser elements 4 in fluid communication with the manifold 3 to diffuse the treated air into the environment.

In a first series of embodiments (figures 1, 3, 6a, 6b and 16-18) there are a plurality of diffuser elements 4 and in general a plurality of diffuser channels 4a, perforated to diffuse air into the environment, generating an inductive effect on the € ™ air surrounding the duct itself.

In particular in high induction diffusion systems, the diffuser channels 4a have a plurality of holes 14 with even different diameters suitably arranged to move the ambient air by exploiting the high induction.

By appropriately sizing and positioning these holes, it is possible to obtain an air recall of the air surrounding the diffuser itself with a recalled volume that can reach up to thirty times the volume of the air introduced into the room through the element diffuser 4.

In this way an optimal air movement is obtained with a sharp drop in speed at a short distance from the diffuser and an important homogenization of the temperature in the room (see also the diagrams in figures 2 and 5).

Instead of simply diffusing the supply air into the room, the diffuser channels 4a 'throw' it towards the area to be treated and therefore use the supply air to 'push' and set in motion the whole of the volume of ambient air. Such diffuser channels are also referred to as pulsers.

A pulsore comprises a ducting generally (but not necessarily) textile or metal, preferably circular in shape, on which a particular perforation is applied comprising two types of holes: smaller induction holes, which decide the quantity of ambient air to be mixed with the supply air and larger guide holes, which decide in which direction, at what speed and at what distance to transport the pre-mixed ambient air mass from the induction holes.

The fluid threads of the supply air come out of the holes with a micro turbulent flow that creates a strong depression around the base of the hole, drawing by induction a quantity of ambient air generally 30 times higher than the supply one.

In other words, in high induction diffusion systems the linear pressure drop of the system itself is limited, while the localized pressure drop in correspondence with the holes is considerably more important,

This allows the manifold 3 to be made with a substantially constant section since the main pressure drops are on the holes in the diffusion channels.

In this situation, neither the manifold 3 nor the perforated duct 4a will therefore have a direction of the prevailing imposed air flow.

Again in accordance with the plurality of first embodiments referred to in figures 1, 3, 6 and 16-18, there are several diffuser channels 4a which branch away from the manifold 3 in such a way as to be able to reach various areas in a studied manner of the environment to be conditioned.

Observing the attached figures, it can be seen that the air supply channel 8 which connects the air handling unit 2 to the manifold 3 has respective closing means 9 which can selectively prevent a flow of air through the air channel. power supply 8, particularly in the rest situation of the air handling unit 2.

In other words, the aforementioned closing means 9, which are generally defined by shutters, for example with opposed blades movable between an opening condition in which they allow the passage of air, to a closing condition in which they block this flow, are intended to prevent that, in conditions of shutdown of the air handling unit 2, the air contained in the manifold 3 can flow back through the supply channel 8, for example, setting the fans in motion in the opposite direction to that of normal use and also dispersing the energy of the flow into the environment.

It should also be noted the presence of suitable throttling means 10 active in different positions of the described plant.

These throttling means 10 can be active on the manifold 3 or between the manifold 3 and the diffuser element 4 in such a way as to, respectively, partialize the air flow in the manifold 3 or the air flow between the manifold 3 and the diffuser element 4.

It should also be noted that in some embodiments illustrated, such throttling means 10 can be suitably positioned in an intermediate position along the development axis of the diffuser element 4 when in the form of a diffuser channel 4a (see for example Figures 10, 12, 13, 14 and 15).

These throttling means 10 are also generally defined by suitable shutters, for example with opposing fins, movable between a position of maximum opening in which they allow the flow of passing air and a closing position in which they substantially block this passage.

In general, both the closing means 9 and the throttling means 10, which may have substantially coincident embodiments (and also different from those described), are interposed in suitable sections of the respective channels and are generally motorized in order to be controlled at distance possibly also automatically.

The system can optionally also be equipped with respective nodes 11 each with at least two accesses (up to six accesses in total).

In general, the nodes consist of prismatic box-like structures, for example cubic, in which each of the faces corresponds to a potential access Ila, I lb, Ile, 1 ld, 1 le (see for example Figure 23).

The node can be positioned in different parts of the air handling system.

For example, it can be found interposed between two consecutive sections 3a, 3b of a manifold 3 to interrupt the fluid connection between the two portions themselves in a selective manner.

Alternatively, the node can be positioned between a manifold 3 and a diffuser element 4 in such a way as to be able to interrupt the communication between the two aforementioned components.

Furthermore, the node can be placed between the access channels 8 and the manifold 3 in such a way as to make the fluid communication between the two parts selective.

In an embodiment that is not shown, a node could be positioned in correspondence with one or more intermediate portions of a diffuser channel 4a in such a way as to be able to intercept the flow of air in a total or partial manner, even only in correspondence with certain sections of a speaker channel 4a.

Figure 23 is a perspective view of an exemplary embodiment of one of the aforementioned nodes 11.

In particular, this known product has an air access channel 8 positioned above to receive a delivery from the air handling unit 2 through the access 11a.

In correspondence with the access face I la there are the aforementioned closing means 9 consisting of a motorized shutter (see Figure 24) with opposing fins; in particular, an actuator is able to move the shutter between the two open and closed positions.

The node schematically represented in figure 23 is then interposed along the manifold 3 and in particular between two consecutive portions 3 a and 3b, being able to intervene in closing by means of partitioning means 10, also consisting of shutters with opposed blades to selectively block the flow between portions 3a and 3b.

Furthermore, respective accesses 11c and 11e to two diffuser channels 4a are present on the node so that the fluid communication between manifold 3 and diffuser channels 4a can be interrupted at will by always using the aforementioned throttling means 10 consisting of shutters with motorized opposing blades (figure 24).

Figure 24 shows in section according to a vertical plane the node schematized in figure 23.

This section illustrates in detail the closing means 9 and the throttling means 10 interposed respectively between the access channel 8 and the manifold 3 and between the manifold 3 and the two diffuser channels 4a which branch off from the latter.

Figure 7 schematically shows a more complex embodiment of an intersection area of several ducts in which each node 11 can intercept and / or divide the flow from and to the respective channels.

In addition to the aforementioned diffuser channels 4a particularly suitable for diffusion in the environment of the high induction treated air, the systems in accordance with the present description may alternatively (or in combination) also comprise diffuser elements 4 consisting of normal air inlets 4b in the environment, for example of the type illustrated in figures 25 and 30.

The diffuser elements 4 of a known and widely available type on the market are also called diffuser terminal units 4b and include vents, nozzles and diffusers of various types, not induction or pulsed. The diffusion terminal units 4b emit air into the environment in a substantially localized manner and the pressure drop in correspondence with the same is generally low and comparable to the pressure drop per linear meter of the remaining parts of the system.

In particular figures 8 and 9 illustrate such a typology of systems in which diffusion occurs in correspondence with the terminal portions of the transport duct 13 where the aforementioned outlets 4b are provided.

Obviously, these vents can be suitably distributed along the entire development of the transport duct 13 to introduce air into the environment where required by the design conditions.

Even systems of a hybrid nature, ie including both linear drive channels 4a and terminal diffusion units 4b, are configurable (see for example Figure 30.

Observing then figure 25, it can be seen how the partitioning means 10 can take different embodiments with respect to those previously described.

In particular, they can take the form of a flow interruption element 20, for example a sliding shutter as illustrated in the figure, or movable between an inoperative condition in which it allows a flow passage towards Î "diffuser element 4b shown in transparency and therefore the diffusion of the air through this last element and a plurality of operating conditions in which the flow of air through this grille can be reduced until it is substantially impeded.

Obviously, the flow interruption element 20 will not necessarily have to guarantee a seal against the passage of fluid as will be better explained below and therefore air leaks may also occur in the operating condition of substantial closure of the diffuser element 4.

A further different embodiment of the throttling means 10, in the form of flow interruption elements 20, is shown in figures 26, 27a and 27b.

In the embodiment of figure 26, the flow interruption element 20 is substantially constituted by a single element, for example circular or more in detail with a shape counter-shaped to the section of the channel (in the illustrated circular form), movable for example in rotation with respect to a rotation axis 24 between an inoperative condition, in which it does not intercept the flow of air and allows the passage between two successive sections of a diffuser channel 4a and a closed operating condition in which it interrupts the passage of fluid between the two sections of the diffuser channel 4a in which it is interposed. This type of solution could be adopted for small size / diameter channels.

A more advantageous alternative embodiment is schematically illustrated in Figures 27a and 27b which show the flow interruption element 20 respectively in the open condition in which it allows the passage of the air flow without substantial interference and in the closed condition. in which it substantially intercepts the flow. This last embodiment takes up the concept of a damper with opposed blades of the type described above, whereby a rotation (clockwise or counterclockwise depending on the position) of each blade with respect to its own development axis 24 involves the opening / closing of the shutter. itself.

Obviously, all the angular positions between the conditions of figure 27a and that of figure 27b allow different values of partialization of the flow.

Also in this case obviously air leaks are allowed in correspondence with an external periphery of the flow interruption element 20 and the internal section of the diffuser channel 4a. Advantageously, the opposing blade damper can have a square or rectangular size with an area such as to circumscribe or contain the overall transversal size of the duct.

It should also be noted that the treatment unit according to what has been described can also include the respective actuators 25 (shown only in figure 30 but possibly present for one or more - and possibly for each - of the flow interruption elements) to move the interruption of the flow 20 between the operative condition and the operative condition and vice versa in particular by means of an automatic movement.

In general then regret may include at least one sensor 22 of a flow parameter linked to the flow rate itself (and possibly a plurality of such sensors in suitable positions of the system in order to detect an operating value of the parameter of interest to the inside the system itself, then used for the adjustments that will be described below). The sensor 22 could be a flow sensor or more commonly a pressure sensor 22 (and possibly a plurality of such sensors in suitable positions of the system in order to detect an operating pressure inside the system itself used for the adjustments that will be described below),

For specific examples, reference will be made below to a pressure sensor which is cheaper and easier to manage than other sensors, it being understood however that a flow sensor or other sensor could possibly be used as a replacement (or in combination).

This pressure sensor 22 is schematically illustrated in the figures, only in some of them together with a control unit or CPU to which it can be directly connected.

However, it should be understood that this pressure sensor may be present in each of the systems illustrated in the figures also in different positions or in greater / lesser numbers depending on the design and control requirements illustrated below.

In general, however, the pressure sensor 22 (or the pressure sensors if more than one) are positioned in a first portion 100 of the system 1 which is located between the flow interruption element 20 (or the flow interruption elements 20 ) and air handling unit 2 (or air handling units 2).

In other words, and as better clarified below, the main interest is in knowing the pressure in the active (not partitioned) areas of the system.

Obviously, nothing prevents the pressure in different areas of the system (ie in a second portion 200 of the system) from being felt in the event of further operational requirements.

The air treatment system whose components have been described above can give rise to a plurality of different configurations characterized by an excellent adaptability to the environment to be treated by advantageous characteristics, some of which will be detailed below,

The example of Figure 1 illustrates a system with three diffuser channels 4a side by side and parallel to each other; the two lateral channels are real pulsors able to introduce air into the environment with a high inductive effect, vice versa the central channel has the main task of introducing a greater or lesser quantity of delivery air into the environment according to needs.

The two lateral channels 4a operate by induction, recalling and mixing large volumes of ambient air and are generally equipped with holes 14 arranged along the longitudinal development angularly facing downwards (i.e. with a launch angle inclined downwards), respectively to the left and to the right (see figure 2); vice versa, the central channel with holes 14 facing upwards (see figure 2) does not operate in general by inductive effect but is used to discharge more or less air into the room, if necessary.

As better illustrated below, the CPU receives the pressure reading signal (or flow rate if necessary) from the sensor 22 and, if necessary, depending on the latter, it adjusts the partialization of the flow in each of the three channels 4a (mainly in the central channel ).

Figure 3 illustrates an embodiment with only two channels 4a which operate by impulse side by side (obviously the diffuser channels 4a are not shown in their entirety but only two modules are represented for each channel - it is understood that in addition to being present in number greater consecutively aligned, the last modules are closed by a respective back).

Figure 4 shows in section the node area 11 from where the diffuser channels extend to illustrate a possible positioning of the flow interruption elements 20 which can intervene to choke the air flow in each of the two channels 4a.

Figures 6a and 6b schematically show a variant embodiment of the system of Figure 4, in which the flow interruption elements 20 are positioned along the development of the channel near the closed end 17 of the respective diffusers 4a and not in the inlet area. 16 (or not only in that area).

Figure 6a shows a situation in which both the intermediate flow interruption elements 20 are open and allow the passage of air with a consequent inductive effect along the entire length of the channel 4a.

Figure 6b shows a situation in which both the flow interruption elements 20 are closed and intercept the air flow with consequent inductive effect obtained exclusively along the initial development 21 of the channel, while the flow is substantially reduced (or zero) in correspondence of the terminal area 18.

In this situation, with the same operating parameters of the system, in particular with the same overall air flow rate, the active portion of the duct will be at a higher pressure with a consequent increase in the air throw from the active holes 14.

Figures 8 and 9 show some examples of systems equipped with diffusion terminal units 4b in which there are various flow interruption elements 20 positioned in various parts of the circuit.

Figure 8 illustrates the flow interruption elements 20 positioned at the diffusing terminal units 4b; the flow interruption elements 20 could be shutters with opposed blades or even assume the configuration illustrated in Figure 25, or sliding doors for closing the outlet air outlet channel. Figure 9 shows the possibility of positioning the flow interruption elements 20 also at the inlet of the secondary derivation channels, or in an intermediate or even initial position of the tapered channels.

Figures 10 to 15 instead show solutions which adopt linear pulse diffuser channels 4a.

Also in this case the various embodiments show how the flow interruption elements 20 could be positioned at the entrance of the diffuser channel or in an intermediate position, to intercept the flow towards all or only towards some diffuser channels 4a.

As shown in Figures 11 and 15, the flow interruption elements 20 could exclude a portion of the plant connected on the two sides to different treatment units by separating a first portion 100 from a second isolated portion 200 of the plant.

In the embodiment examples of figures 16, 17 and 18 three possible configurations of the air treatment system are shown which adopt a plenum manifold.

Figure 16 illustrates a system in which the manifold 3 is arranged centrally with respect to an environment 12 to be treated.

Three air handling units 2, each with its own air supply channel 8 and its own closing damper 9, are connected to the manifold in three positions along the axial extension of the manifold itself.

The manifold plenum 3, generally made of metallic material and without air diffusion holes or vents (with the exception, in some systems, of anti-condensation holes), has the same section along its entire length.

It should in fact be noted that in systems where the pressure drops are concentrated in correspondence with the diffusion holes arranged on the diffuser channels 4a it is not necessary to carry out any dynamic recovery with narrowing of the section of the manifold 3 and / or of the diffusion channels 4a.

At each branch of the manifold 3 of a diffuser channel 4a there is a node 11 of the type described above.

In particular, the represented nodes 11 will have at least partialisation means 10 in correspondence with the connection between each diffuser channel 4a and the manifold 3.

Eventually, but not necessarily, it will be possible to equip the nodes with closing dampers with opposing fins also in correspondence with contiguous portions of the manifold itself to interrupt the flow inside the manifold in selected areas.

Although not illustrated in Figure 16, it will also be possible to position the throttling means 10, in particular in the form of flow interruption elements 20, in correspondence with intermediate portions of one or more of each of the diffuser channels 4a.

For example, this flow interruption element 20 can be positioned at a distance of approximately 2/3 of the overall length of the diffuser channel 4a with respect to the respective node 11.

In steady-state operating conditions, with the variation of the flow rate (shutdown of one or more treatment units), the adjustment of the perforated length (thanks to the closing of the shutters of the 11 nodes where deemed appropriate), requalifies (reports optimal values) the speed exit from the holes and therefore induction.

Using the configuration described in figure 16 it will be possible to use the air handling unit at full capacity, ie with all three air handling units 2 working and the maximum air flow per linear meter in the system itself.

This condition could be that of a treatment plant in the condition of conditioning an environment in the summer season.

Vice versa, during the winter season, the illustrated regret could operate at full capacity as a heating system for the environment.

It is well known that smaller volumes of treated air are generally required to heat the environment.

In this situation, only two air handling units 2 may be sufficient, or even just one where heating is not particularly important.

In this situation, each channel 8 which connects the plenum with the manifold 3 to the treatment unit 2 that is switched off is closed by means of closing means 9 to avoid dispersion of the treated air through the deactivated treatment unit. It is also possible to selectively intervene on the means 10 to decide if necessary to send the flows of treated air only in some of the eight diffuser channels 4a shown.

The above allows a considerable operational flexibility of the system which can be optimized in terms of consumption and performance according to the operational needs of the environment to be treated, of the season, of the type of conditioning required.

In particular, in full operation, regret avoids the occurrence of air currents on the ground which would be extremely annoying for users in the environment.

Figure 17 illustrates a different type of system with manifold plenum 3 arranged exclusively on one side of the room 12 to be treated.

In this case there are four air handling units 2 all in fluid connection with the manifold plenum 3, each equipped with respective closing means 9 and respective throttling means 10 to cut off the air flow between the manifold and the speaker channel 4a.

In this case, the throttling means 10, particularly in the form of flow interruption elements 20, can be positioned in any position along the development axis of the channel 4a, preferably in correspondence with a second closed end 17 of the diffuser channels 4a themselves. .

In addition to all the advantages described above with reference to the plant of figure 2, it should be further noted that the plant described could be designed with only two air handling units 2 providing for further accesses 5 to be able to reach the other units later on.

An initial need could in fact be to create only an air treatment system to heat an environment which therefore requires a certain amount of volume of treated air per unit of time.

If a conditioning function is also to be implemented in the system, a greater air flow rate would probably be required and therefore two further units could be added, all connected to the same manifold plenum 3 as described above.

The diagram of figure 18 describes a further embodiment in which there are two manifold plenums, one for each major side of the environment 12 to be treated, each manifold plenum 3 equipped with its own air handling units 2 in fluid connection and the respective nodes 11 at each connection of the manifold plenum 3 with the diffuser 4.

It should also be noted that the diffuser channels 4a connect one manifold plenum 3 to the other, effectively defining a multi-connected structure.

In particular, it should be noted that the treatment regrets referred to in figure 4, as well as those previously described, are self-balanced as substantially no air flows with specific directions are generated inside the plant; this is due to the fact that the pressure drops of the ducts are much lower than the pressure drops located in correspondence with the diffusion holes present on the diffuser channels 4a.

Also in this case, in addition to the peculiar and advantageous characteristics previously described, it can be noted that the adoption of the manifold plenum 3 in accordance with what has been described allows to arrange the treatment units 2, but also the manifolds 3, in the most advantageous positions taking into account the geometry and structure of the environment to be conditioned.

Figures 19, 20, 21, 22 illustrate an alternative configuration of the system which uses a self-compensated slip ring 3 (or more rings).

Figure 19 shows a collector ring 7 which follows the perimeter of the room 12 to be treated.

It should be noted in particular that there are a plurality of air handling units 2 and that one of these 2a is connected to the manifold plenum 3 in correspondence with different accesses 5 through respective supply channels 8 which depart from the same treatment unit 2.

In the example illustrated, thanks to the distribution of flows arriving from treatment unit 2, it is possible to reduce the section of the collector channel.

In fact, if a flow rate of 30000 m <3> / h were required, if it were introduced through a single access 5 in a slip ring, it would require a section of the slip ring itself capable of being able to convey and dispose of 15000 m <3> of air / hour for each segment (right and left) of the collector ring facing access 5.

Vice versa, dividing the aforementioned flow rate over several air handling units 2 (and also dividing the air flow rate into several air access channels 8 within the flow rate of an air handling unit 2), it appears evident that smaller quantities of m3 of air / hour which therefore require smaller transport sections.

This involves the possibility of having a smaller section of the slip ring with an improved aesthetic impact and a considerable reduction in costs.

Furthermore, the collector ring 3 can continuously follow the geometries of the environment to be treated, without the regret of air treatment being affected by these constraints from the fluid-dynamic point of view.

It should also be noted that in the specific case of the example of figures 19-22 the collector ring 3 mainly performs the function of diffuser element 4 (or diffuser channel 4a).

In fact, by making a collector ring 3 in metal material and suitably drilling it, the conditions are created for which the collector ring is able to effect the aforementioned diffusion of the supply air towards the environment 12 to be treated by effect inductive allowing the best homogeneity of the temperatures in the environment, with the perfect control of the residual speed on the ground.

Moreover, it is also possible to notice variations in the launch angle, which can be appropriately obtained by rotating, around the longitudinal development axis, the sections of the channel that define the slip ring 7.

It is also possible to intervene by modifying the active length of the channel, for example by using two flow interruption elements 20 which separate a second portion 200 of the system which can be deactivated according to requirements.

The system of figure 20 substantially corresponds to that of figure 19, but has four nodes placed in correspondence with the corners of the room to be treated.

The use of these nodes 11, and in particular of the respective throttling means 10 allows to obtain a partialized slip ring 3 in which, in addition to full-speed and open-loop operation, it is possible to obtain, for example, operation only on two opposite sides.

In fact, by switching off the air handling units 2 not of interest and closing the fluid connection at the aforementioned nodes 11, two smaller systems are in fact obtained on opposite sides of the room, each equipped with a manifold fed by its own treatment unit 2 which can throw air towards the environment.

In addition to the self-compensated collector ring 3, the treatment plant referred to in figure 21 also provides for a plurality of diffuser or exhaust channels 4a which interconnect opposite portions of the collector ring.

It should also be noted that on these diffuser channels 6 it is possible to associate an air handling unit 2a which can, for example, choke the flow generated by it on each of the aforementioned connection channels.

Plant of figure 22 instead shows a solution comprising two collector rings 7 interconnected by means of suitable nodes 11 interposed and fed by two air treatment units 2.

A possible use of multiple collector ring systems 3 is shown in figure 28 where a possible air treatment system is displayed to treat rooms on two different floors of a building by means of a single air handling unit 2 which chokes its own flow on respective rings 3 in the upper plane and rings 3 in the lower plane.

Moreover, by appropriately orienting the launch angle of the flow, it is possible to direct the flow of treated air to suitable areas of the environment to be conditioned, also depending on the season and the type of conditioning to be carried out.

Having said the above aimed at describing the various configurations of the systems from a structural point of view, the configurations adopted allow to implement a specific procedure for regulating the air flow rate in an air treatment system.

In each of the systems described above, at least one element for interrupting the flow 20, for example a shutter, is mobile between a first operating condition in which it allows a passage of fluid towards the diffusion elements 4 and a second operating condition in which it intercepts substantially the air reducing, with respect to the first operating condition, the passage of air towards at least one of the diffusion elements 4.

Said flow interruption element 20 is interposed between a first portion 100 of the system directly in fluid connection with at least one air handling unit 2 and a second portion 200 of the system and intercepts the flow of air coming from the air handling unit 2 and directed towards the second portion 200 of the system.

For example, in Figure 1 the second portion 200 of the plant is the one defined downstream of the flow interruption element 20 located in correspondence with the central channel.

In Figures 6a and 6b the second portion 200 of the system can be that defined downstream of the flow interruption elements 20 placed in correspondence with the terminal areas of the two channels (as shown) or also that defined downstream of the interruption element of the flow 20 located in correspondence with one or the other channel according to requirements.

In figure 11 it is the central portion of the central channel that can be excluded by means of the flow interruption elements 20.

In the example of figure 20 it can be any of the branches of the ring depending on which elements of flow interruption 20 are activated,

In detail, the second portion 200 of the system is the one in which it is possible to exclude part of the diffusers 4 making them affected by a lower flow rate of air per linear meter (by closing the flow interruption elements 20) compared to that of normal operation of the 'plant.

The flow rate in these second portions 200 of the plant will generally be reduced, but could also be substantially zeroed.

The pressure or flow sensor 22 detects an operating pressure or flow rate inside the system and is generally positioned in correspondence with the first portion 100 of the system to detect an operating pressure or flow rate of the first portion of the system directly in fluid connection with said air handling unit 2. Obviously, there may be a predetermined number of sensors 22 for each system, some of which also located in correspondence with the second portions of the system (possibly even only in certain configurations of the system itself - see for example figure 20).

The procedure involves the following general phases: to operate the treatment unit 2 to generate a flow of air to be diffused inside the transport duct 13 and the diffusers 4; detecting by means of the sensor 22 the pressure or the flow rate generated inside the system, generally in the first portion 100 which is the active portion, ie intended to diffuse air into the environment, preferably by inductive effect; move, manually or automatically, the aforementioned flow interruption element 20 to an operating position comprised between the first and second operating conditions as a function of the pressure or flow rate measurement carried out by the sensor 22 to regulate the air flow inside the € ™ plant.

Since the phase of moving the flow interruption element 20 is carried out according to the detection of pressure or flow in the first portion 100 of the system directly in fluid connection with the air handling unit 2, it is adjusted the air flow in correspondence with said first portion 100 of the system.

In the case of manual handling, in general the operator will read the value measured by the sensor and will adjust the flow interruption element 20 to bring the real value read by the sensor 22 (flow rate or preferably pressure) to a corresponding desired value.

Manual adjustment will be made by intervening on a mechanical lever mechanism or, in more automated systems, by means of an actuator 25 capable of moving the flow interruption element 20 between the first operating condition and the second operating condition and vice versa; in this case the movement of the flow interruption element 20 is an automatic movement sub-phase by means of said manually controlled actuator 25.

The automation process of the system will generally be more advanced than as mentioned above, in fact, through the CPU control unit designed to receive the pressure or flow signal from sensor 22 at the input, it will be possible for the CPU to control the movement. of the actuator 25 to adjust the air flow rate in correspondence with the first portion 100 of the system.

In this last situation there will be a memory containing at least a desired pressure value and / or a desired air flow rate per linear meter to be obtained in the first portion of the system. The control unit commands the movement of the actuator to adjust the air flow rate in correspondence with the first portion 100 of the system according to the value received by the sensor 22 and the desired air flow rate per linear meter; in particular, the desired air flow rate per linear meter will be associated with a corresponding predetermined pressure value and the CPU control unit will move the flow interruption element 20 between the first operating condition and the second operating condition or vice versa to determine within the first active portion 100 of the system a variation of the real pressure detected or of the real flow rate detected by the sensor 22 and bring the value of the real pressure detected or of the real flow rate detected air flow per linear meter desired or to the preset pressure value associated with the desired air flow per linear meter.

The movement of the flow interruption element 20 therefore allows the control unit to regulate the air flow rate in correspondence with the first portion 100 of the system.

It should also be noted that the selection of a desired value of air flow rate per linear meter and the movement of the flow interruption element 20 to a position comprised between the first and the second operating condition as a function of the pressure or flow rate detection carried out by the sensor 22 allows to exclude, at least partially, at least one diffuser element 4 and to bring the real value of the air flow per linear meter in the first portion of the system to values close to or coinciding with the desired value of the air flow per linear meter.

The phase of selecting the desired air flow rate per linear meter can be guided by the operational need: the setting up of the system in the start-up phase, the need to exclude part of the system (operation from summer to winter) without generating currents on the ground, the calibration of the system to correct design or installation errors and put regrets in optimal operating conditions.

In this regard, in general terms, the phase of selecting the desired value of air flow per linear meter includes the determination of a desired value of air flow per linear meter in the condition of full running of the system with the use of the system for the heating of an environment, for example in the winter season, and / or a sub-phase to determine a desired value of air flow per linear meter of the project in order not to generate currents on the ground and to obtain an inductive diffusion of the air, and / or a sub-phase to determine a desired value of air flow per linear meter in operating condition by means of one or more diffusers 4 excluded while maintaining an air flow per linear meter of the project in order not to generate currents on the ground and obtain a diffusion of the air due to inductive effect in the first portion of the system not excluded and a further sub-phase for selecting one of said desired values.

In the event of a short-term start-up (more detailed procedure below), the phase of generating an increase in pressure in the air to be diffused inside the system with respect to the normal operating pressure, is obtained by means of at least partial exclusion of one or more diffuser elements 4.

The diffuser elements 4 excluded substantially do not diffuse delivery air into the environment, or diffuse in a reduced manner with respect to normal operation.

The increase in pressure entails a substantial increase in the launch of the diffusers 4 not excluded (compare figures 6a and 6b for example); optionally the increase in the launch of the diffusers 4 not excluded generates currents near the ground in the environment to be conditioned and moves the air present there.

Observing the example of figures 6a and 6b, 10, 12-14, 16, 17, 30 and 31, the diffuser channel 4a affected by the exclusion of a portion (or of its totality) has a first end 16 directly connected of fluid with the transport channel 13 and a second end 17 closed. The exclusion, at least partially, of one or more of said diffuser channels 4a takes place through an interruption, at least partial, of the fluid communication between the transport channel 13 and a terminal portion 18 of the diffuser channel 4a (also defining said second portion 200 of the plant) placed in correspondence with the second closed end 17; the air flow in the terminal portion 18 of the diffuser channel 4a undergoes a decrease following the interruption, at least partially, of communication with the transport channel 13 (see for example the comparison of Figures 6a and 6b).

By observing vice versa the example of figures 18-22, the diffuser channel 4a affected by the exclusion has a first end 16 directly in fluid connection with the transport channel 13 and a second end 17 directly in fluid connection with a further transport 13; the exclusion, at least partially, of one or more of said diffuser channels 4a occurs by at least partial interruption of the fluid communication between a central portion 19 of the diffuser channel 4 (defining said second portion of the system) interposed between the first and the second ends 16, 17.

The air flow in the central portion 19 of the duct undergoes a variation following the interruption, at least partially, of communication with the transport ducts 13.

When the exclusion of a diffusion channel 4a is only partial, in general the flow interruption element 20 is interposed between an initial portion 21, defined by at least 40% of the total volume of the diffuser channel 4a and in particular by at least 60%, and the terminal portion 18 of the diffuser channel 4a.

The at least partial exclusion step involves an increase in pressure in the initial portion 21 of the diffuser channel 4a and a corresponding increase in the air throw from the diffusion holes 14 of the initial portion 21 of the diffuser channel 4a.

Obviously, in all the above hypotheses, the exclusion is an adjustable exclusion phase in order to obtain different values of pressure variation, positive or negative.

Returning to the process in its general phases, it should be noted that it also includes the phases of setting at least an optimal pressure value or an optimal range of values for the treatment plant to be fully operational and regulating at least partial exclusion. of one or more diffuser elements 4 as a function of the pressure detection carried out by the sensor 22 to bring the operating pressure of the system to converge towards the optimal pressure value or towards the range of optimal pressure values.

Since regret includes one or more flow interruption elements 20 movable between the first operating condition in which I allow the air to escape from the diffuser elements 4 and the second operating condition in which they intercept the air of at least a diffuser element 4 reducing the air diffusion, the exclusion adjustment step comprises a movement of at least one flow interruption element 20 from the first operating condition to the second operating condition to vary the diffusion of the air in a controlled manner Air coming out of the diffusion element 4.

To better clarify some general concepts set out above, consider the examples of figures 30 and 31.

Assuming that you have just installed the system, when it is started up, the operating conditions may not be the desired ones, for example due to an erroneous project or incorrect installation.

The possible consequences are, for example, a lack of (or low) inductive effect where the flow rate (or pressure) were insufficient to guarantee the adequate speed or launch from the holes 14, or, in the opposite case, the generation of annoying currents on the ground. due to too much flow (or pressure).

In the case of figure 30 it will be possible to read the pressure (or flow rate) value by means of the sensor 22 and to adjust the flow interruption element 20 which carries the supply air to the terminal diffusion units 4b in order to restore the desired flow rate per linear meter at the induction channel to have the desired inductive effect without ground currents.

In the system of figure 31, vice versa, with a greater or lesser opening of the central channel, again to restore the desired flow rate per linear meter in correspondence with the lateral induction channels and have the desired inductive effect without ground currents.

In case of passages from summer to winter operation that requires lower volumes of supply air, in the case of figure 30, the duct that carries supply air to the terminal diffusion units 4b is completely deactivated and the air flow is adjusted. fan 2 with variable flow rate by means of a manual adjustment control 26 so as to limit the air flow in the system and restore the desired flow rate per linear meter in correspondence with the induction channel.

In the configuration of figure 2 it will be possible to close one of the two side channels and introduce the excess flow into the room through the central channel, thus restoring the desired flow rate per linear meter in correspondence with the side induction channel which remains active.

The system may also be able to self-regulate.

Assuming the presence of a room temperature sensor and a corresponding thermostat 27 (fig. 31), the latter will have a corresponding desired temperature set, when the room reaches this temperature, the system tends to maintain it, or in case of variation, the variable flow treatment unit 2 reduces / increases the air flow inside the system, depending on the case.

If this were not followed by any regulation, there would be a worsening of the plant performances due to the presence of currents on the ground or due to the scarce inductive effect caused.

In this situation the sensor 22 will read the new pressure / flow rate value and the CPU, after receiving this value and comparing it with the desired value, will move the central duct damper to increase / decrease the passage of air in this duct. and thus restore the desired air flow rate per linear meter in the induction channels 4a. Given the above, an advantageous operating principle in the starting condition of the air treatment plant will also be described below, in particular during the winter season, i.e. when the treatment plant is used as a space heating.

From a general point of view, the procedure is advantageous for bringing the system up to speed or to reduce the homogenization times of the ambient temperature, or to ensure that the temperature differences between the areas close to the ground and those near the ceiling are extremely contained; the procedure comprises the general phases of operating the treatment unit (s) 2 in such a way as to generate the aforementioned increase in pressure in the air to be diffused internally to the transport duct 13 and to all the diffusers 4.

This increase in pressure is the one that would occur in conditions of normal use of the system such as to be able to diffuse in the environment a quantity of air necessary for its conditioning without however generating any type of current on the ground.

In general, a ground current is considered to be an air speed perceivable by the user that is greater than 0.25m / s.

Always in the steady state phase, it is therefore envisaged to generate a further increase in pressure in the air to be diffused.

This further increase in pressure is obtained by at least partial exclusion of one or more diffuser elements 4.

In other words, the excluded diffuser elements 4 do not diffuse, or diffuse to a lesser extent than in the situation of operation at full capacity, air in the environment.

In other words, by appropriately excluding certain diffuser elements 4, the increase in pressure entails a substantial increase in the launch of the diffusers 4 which are not excluded, which generates currents near the ground of the environment to be conditioned and actually moves the ™ air present there.

It should be noted that in the course of the present description reference is made to a first pressure increase (switching on of the system) and to a further pressure increase (exclusion of diffusers, or reduction of the active portions of the diffusers); however, it is clear that these pressure increases could very well occur simultaneously with a single pressure jump which is substantially the sum of the two effects, ie switching on a system with diffusers already excluded, without departing from the inventive concept described and claimed.

It is in fact known that cold air tends to "stick" to the ground as it has a greater density.

Due to this effect, the hot air introduced into the room through the air conditioning system takes a long time to heat the portions of the room close to the ground which, however, are those where users commonly operate.

On the other hand, the correct sizing of the system requires that the currents on the ground are absolutely to be avoided in order not to annoy the user while he is in the environment itself.

The exclusion (prior, simultaneous or subsequent to the start-up phase of the system) of some diffuser elements 4 while maintaining the operating conditions of the air handling units 2 unchanged (in particular in terms of pressure drop generated or of generated flow rate) lead to the aforementioned further increase in pressure which in turn is reflected in the air emitted through the diffuser elements, in particular through the diffusion holes 14 of the diffusion channel 4a, with higher output speeds, such as to generate currents at the soil and the relative turbulences that move the cold air in proximity to the soil itself.

In this way the homogenization of the temperature during the heating phase is much faster than traditional systems.

With reference to Figure 1, the aforementioned effect can be obtained by reducing (or possibly interrupting) the flow of air directed to the central channel by intervening on the respective flow interruption element 20.

Observing in particular the situation of figures 8 and 9, the procedure foresees the intervention in correspondence of a predetermined number of terminal diffusion units 4b.

In particular, by partially or totally excluding the introduction of air into the environment in an alternating way, the aforementioned further increase in pressure is guaranteed and therefore the introduction of hot air through the active vents 4b with such speed as to move the air. ™ cold air close to the ground.

In this regard, it is possible to use flow interruption elements 20, for example with shutter, which can act in correspondence with channel portions of the transport ducting 13 (for example of the type illustrated in Figures 26, 27a and 27b).

Alternatively, it is possible to use flow interruption elements 20 of the type illustrated in figure 25 capable of intervening directly on the nozzle 4b by moving a door capable of involving the opening which allows the air to reach the nozzle itself.

In this situation, the flow interruption element 20 can position itself between an inoperative position in which it leaves the entire passage opening substantially free to a condition of complete closure in which basically the diffuser element 4, in particular the diffuser terminal unit 4a with nozzle, is excluded.

The procedure that uses 4a speaker channels appears even more interesting.

In fact, in this situation it is possible to isolate, by means of the aforementioned flow interruption elements 20, respective portions of the diffuser channel 4a itself, effectively interrupting the remission of air from the portions themselves.

In other words, the active length of the speaker channel is varied.

A first embodiment shown in Figures 6a and 6b, the throttling means 10 consisting of the aforementioned flow interruption element 20 are positioned in correspondence with an intermediate region of the diffuser channel 4a.

In other words, the exclusion of one or more of the diffuser channels 4a occurs through an interruption, at least partial, of the fluid communication between the terminal portion 18 of the diffuser channel 8 and the rest of the system.

In other words, still observing figures 6a and 6b, the closed terminal portion 18 of the duct is deactivated and excluded during the system start-up phase so that the remaining part of the diffuser duct 4a can introduce more hot air with a greater throw. in the environment thus moving the cold air close to the ground.

In an alternative embodiment, for example shown in Figures 11 and 15, it is possible to exclude a central portion 19 of the diffuser channel 4a.

In fact, in correspondence with diffuser channels which connect two manifolds 3 it is still possible, by using two distinct flow interruption elements 20, to exclude the aforementioned central portion, generating the pressure increase in the other portions of the system with the same effect.

Obviously, a combination of the two methodologies briefly described above can also be used.

In this regard, it should be noted that the embodiment examples referred to in the figures alternatively illustrate one or the other of the two methodologies, but the same can be combined in any way whatsoever to obtain the desired effects. In addition, it should be noted that the flow interruption element 20 can be moved from an inoperative condition in which it does not intercept the flow to an operating condition of substantial closure in which it prevents substantial passage of air towards the excluded portion of the duct diffuser 4a.

Obviously all the intermediate operative positions with the partial interception of the flow can be adopted without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention.

In this regard, the procedure for starting the ambient air in the system start-up condition may also include the steps of detecting the aforementioned further increase in pressure using the pressure sensor 22 and regulating at least partial exclusion. of one or more of the diffuser elements 4 as a function of the pressure detection carried out by the sensor 22. In other words, the exclusion phase is an adjustable exclusion phase in order to obtain different pressure increase values.

In fact, in an advantageous application of the present invention it is possible that a control unit 23 is set in such a way as to have in memory an optimal pressure value or a range of optimal pressure values for putting the system into operation. treatment.

In other words, given a specific system, it is possible to obtain an optimal pressure for starting up which can be obtained by regulating the opening / closing of the fluid retaining elements 20.

For this purpose, the pressure sensor supplies the operating pressure inside the system and the control unit that receives this input is able to automatically adjust the flow holding element 20 (or the elements flow retention 20) in such a way that the operating pressure inside the portions not excluded from the diffusion of the system can tend towards the optimal value or in any case be included in a range considered optimal for starting.

In this way it is possible to obtain an optimal operation of the system both in the condition of installation and in the working condition at full capacity, guaranteeing in this last situation the non-generation of currents on the ground. From a design point of view, in the presence of diffuser channels 4a equipped with a closed end 17, in general the flow retaining element 20 is positioned so as to define a terminal portion that occupies at most 60% of the total volume of speaker channel 4a and in particular at most 40%.

In other words, an attempt is made to position the flow retention element 20 in a position such that its complete closure entails the desired further increase in optimum pressure for starting the air on the ground; in any case, the feedback system with pressure sensor makes it possible to reach the optimum pressure value for this operation automatically and independently of any design errors or changes in the operating conditions of the system.

Figure 28 shows in particular a plant under normal operating conditions in which no currents are generated on the ground.

Vice versa, figure 29 illustrates the same plant in the start-up phase in which some portions of it are excluded and the launch obtained through the active diffuser elements 4 is such as to generate currents on the ground and guarantee better mixing and faster homogenization of the ™ air.

It should also be noted that the operating pressure / flow (in%) diagram of a centrifugal fan generally shows a working area generally comprised between 30% and 80% of the maximum flow rate.

From the diagram itself it can be seen that in general too high increases and pressure lead to a fairly sudden decrease in the flow rate and therefore to situations in which the residual air flow rate may not be sufficient to generate the speeds necessary to move the air. cold near the ground.

The above demonstrates the importance of being able to optimize the operating pressure in the start-up phases of the system in such a way that it is higher than the steady state situation and does not exceed certain values which, in addition to making the efficiency of the system, would result in an absence of the necessary and desired currents on the ground.

The invention achieves important advantages.

The described system start-up / start-up procedure minimizes the time required during the heating phase of an environment to obtain a homogenization of the temperatures.

The system is able to automatically control and in feedback the generation of the optimal conditions for starting the air in correspondence with the ground in the critical phases.

Furthermore, the proposed procedure does not require any particular technical measures or mechanisms that are not already available to the technician in the sector.

Claims (16)

CLAIMS 1. Procedure for adjusting the air flow rate in an air treatment plant, regretted including: - at least one air handling unit (2) designed to generate an air flow; a plurality of diffusion elements (4) to diffuse the treated air into the environment; at least one transport duct (13) to transfer the air to be diffused from the treatment unit (2) to the diffuser elements (4); - at least one element for interrupting the flow (20), for example a shutter, movable between a first operating condition in which it allows a passage of fluid towards the diffusion elements (4) and a second operating condition in which it substantially intercepts the air reducing, with respect to the first operating condition, the passage of air towards at least one of the diffusion elements (4), said flow interruption element (20) being interposed between a first portion (100) of the system directly in connection with fluid with said at least one air handling unit (2) and a second portion (200) of the system and intercepting the flow of air coming from said at least one air handling unit (2) and directed towards the second portion (200) of the plant; at least one pressure or flow sensor (22) to detect an operating pressure or flow rate inside the system, the procedure comprising the following steps: - activate the treatment unit (2) to generate a flow of air to be diffused inside the transport duct (13) and the diffusers (4); - using the sensor (22) to detect the pressure or flow rate generated inside the system; - moving, manually or automatically, said flow interruption element (20) to an operating position comprised between the first and second operating conditions as a function of the pressure or flow rate measurement performed by the sensor (22) to adjust the air flow to the inside the plant. 2. Process according to the preceding claim, in which the sensor (22) is positioned in correspondence with the first portion (100) of the plant to detect a pressure or an operating flow rate of the first portion of the plant directly in fluid connection with said at least one air handling unit (2), the step of moving said flow interruption element (20) being carried out as a function of the pressure or flow rate detection of the first portion (100) of the plant directly in fluid connection with said at least one air handling unit (2) to adjust the air flow rate in correspondence with said first portion (100) of the system interposed between said at least one air handling unit (2) and said at least one flow interruption element (20). 3. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising the step of selecting a desired air flow rate per linear meter and moving said flow interruption element (20) to a position comprised between the first and second operating conditions in function of the pressure or flow rate measurement carried out by the sensor (22) to at least partially exclude at least one diffuser element (4) and bring the real value of the air flow per linear meter in the first portion of the system to close or coincident values to the desired air flow rate per linear meter. 4. Process according to the preceding claim, in which the step of selecting the desired value of air flow per linear meter comprises a sub-phase of determining a desired value of air flow per linear meter in condition of full running of the system with use of the system for heating an environment, for example in the winter season, and / or a sub-phase to determine a desired value of air flow per linear meter of the project in order not to generate currents on the ground and obtain a diffusion of the air due to inductive effect, and / or a sub-phase to determine a desired value of air flow per linear meter in operating condition by means of one or more diffusers (4) excluded, maintaining a design air flow per linear meter in order not to generate currents at ground and obtain a diffusion of the air by inductive effect in the first portion of the system not excluded and a further sub-phase of selecting a no of said desired values. 5. Process according to any one of the preceding claims further comprising the step of generating an increase in pressure in the air to be diffused inside the system with respect to the operating pressure, said pressure increase being obtained by at least partial exclusion , of one or more diffuser elements (4), the diffuser elements (4) substantially excluded by not diffusing, or diffusing in a reduced way with respect to normal operation, air in the environment, said pressure increase resulting in a substantial increase in the launch of the diffusers (4 ) not excluded, optionally said increase in the launch of the diffusers (4) not excluded by generating currents near the ground in the environment to be conditioned and moving the air present there. 6. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the regression comprises a predetermined number of diffuser elements in the form of diffuser channels (4a) provided with a plurality of holes (14) in correspondence with a lateral surface (15), said plurality of holes (14) being optionally turned at least partly downwards in conditions of use of the diffuser channel (4a), the diffuser channel (4a) having a first end (16) directly in fluid connection with the transport channel ( 13) and a second closed end (17), an exclusion, at least partial, of one or more of said diffuser channels (4a) by an interruption, at least partial, of the fluid communication between the transport channel ( 13) and a terminal portion (18) of the diffuser channel (4a) defining said second portion of the system and placed in correspondence with the second closed end (17), the flow of air in the one terminal (18) of the speaker channel (4a) undergoing a decrease following the interruption, at least partially, of communication with the transport channel (13). 7. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the system comprises a predetermined number of diffuser elements in the form of diffuser channels (4a) equipped with a plurality of holes (14) in correspondence with one of its own lateral surfaces (15) , said plurality of holes (14) being optionally turned downwards in conditions of use of the diffuser channel (4a), the diffuser channel (4a) having a first end (16) directly in fluid connection with the transport channel (13) and a second end (17) directly in fluid connection with a further transport channel (13), an at least partial exclusion of one or more of said diffuser channels (4a) by interrupting, at least partially , of the fluid communication between a central portion (19) of the diffuser channel (4) defining said second portion of the system and interposed between the first and second ends (16, 17), the air flow in the central portion (19) of the duct undergoing a variation following the interruption, at least partially, of communication with the transport ducts (13). 8. Process according to any one of the preceding claims 5, 6 or 7, wherein the plant comprises at least one actuator (25) for moving the flow interruption element (20) between the first operating condition and the second condition operating and vice versa, the sub-phase of movement of the flow interruption element (20) being a sub-phase of automatic movement through said actuator (25) and in which the exclusion phase, at least partial, includes a sub-phase of movement of the flow interruption element (20) from the first operating condition to the second operating condition. 9. Process according to the preceding claim, further comprising a control unit (CPU) designed to receive the pressure or flow signal from the sensor (22) at the input and to control the movement of said actuator (25) to regulate the air flow in correspondence with the first portion (100) of the system and also comprising a memory containing at least a desired value of pressure and / or a desired value of air flow per linear meter in the first portion of the system and in which the control unit (CPU) commands the movement of said actuator to adjust the air flow rate in correspondence with the first portion of the system according to the value received from the sensor (22) and the desired air flow rate per linear meter, in particular said desired air flow rate per linear meter being associated with a corresponding predetermined pressure value, the control unit (CPU) moving the € ™ flow interruption element (20) between the first operating condition and the second operating condition or vice versa to determine within the first portion of the system a variation of the real pressure detected or of the real flow rate detected by the sensor (22) and bring the real pressure value detected or real flow rate detected at the predetermined pressure value to which the desired air flow per linear meter is associated or with the desired air flow per linear meter, the movement of said flow interruption element (20) allowing the control unit to regulate the air flow in correspondence with the first portion (100) of the system. 10. Process according to claims 3 or 4, in which the flow interrupter element (20) is interposed between an initial portion (21) and the terminal portion (18) of the diffuser channel (4a), the initial portion (21) being defined by at least 40% of the total volume of the diffuser channel (4a) and in particular by at least 60%, the at least partial exclusion phase involving an increase in pressure in the initial portion (21) of the diffuser channel (4a) and a corresponding increase in the air throw from the diffusion holes (14) of the initial portion (21) of the diffuser channel (4a). 11. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, further comprising the following steps: - prepare at least an optimal pressure value or an optimal range of values for the treatment plant to be fully operational; - adjust the at least partial exclusion of one or more diffuser elements (4) according to the pressure reading carried out by the sensor (22) to bring the operating pressure of the system to converge towards the optimal pressure value or towards the range of optimal pressure values. 12. Process according to the preceding claim, in which the system comprises one or more flow interruption elements (20) movable between the first operating condition in which I allow the air to escape from the diffuser elements (4 ) and the second operating condition in which they intercept the air of at least one diffuser element (4) reducing the diffusion of the air, called the exclusion regulation phase including a movement of a flow interruption element (20) from the first operating condition to the second operating condition to vary in a controlled manner the diffusion of the air leaving the diffusion element (4). 13. Air treatment plant comprising: - at least one air treatment unit (2) designed to generate an increase in pressure in the air to be diffused; - a predetermined number of diffuser elements to diffuse the treated air into the environment, said predetermined number of diffuser elements being in the form of diffuser channels (4a) equipped with a plurality of holes (14) in correspondence with a lateral surface (15), the channel diffuser (4a) having a first end (16) directly in fluid connection with the transport channel (13) and a second closed end (17); - at least one transport duct (13) to transfer the air to be diffused from the treatment unit to the diffuser elements (4); - one or more flow interruption elements (20) movable between a first condition in which they allow the air to escape from the diffuser elements (4) and a second operating condition in which they intercept, at least partially, the air of at least one diffuser element (4) reducing the air diffusion from this diffuser element, characterized by the fact that at least one flow interruption element (20) is interposed between an initial portion (21) and a terminal portion (18) of the diffuser channel (4a) placed in correspondence with the second closed end (17), the initial portion (21) being defined by at least 40% of the total volume of the diffuser channel (4a) and in particular by at least 60% , said flow interruption element (2) being movable from the first to the second operating condition to result in an increase in pressure in the initial portion (21) of the diffuser channel (4a) and a corresponding increase in the air throw d to the diffusion holes (14) of the initial portion (21) of the diffuser channel (4a), the air flow in the terminal portion (18) of the diffuser channel (4a) undergoing a substantial decrease following the interruption, at least partially, communication with the transport channel (13). 14. Plant according to the preceding claim, further comprising at least one pressure or flow sensor (22) for detecting an operating pressure or flow rate inside the plant and also a control unit (23) configured for using the sensor (22) to detect a pressure or an operating flow within the system and to regulate the at least partial exclusion of one or more diffuser elements (4) according to the detection carried out by the sensor (22). 15. System according to the preceding claim, in which the control unit (23) is configured to receive at least one optimal pressure value or an optimal range of pressure values, for example for setting the system up to speed treatment, from a memory and to regulate the at least partial exclusion of one or more diffuser elements (4) according to the pressure measurement carried out by the sensor (22) to bring the operating pressure of the system to converge towards the value of optimal pressure or towards the optimal range of pressure values. 16. Air treatment plant according to any one of claims 13 to 15 further comprising a memory containing at least a desired pressure value and / or a desired air flow rate per linear meter in the first portion of the plant and in which the control unit (CPU) commands the movement of said actuator to adjust the air flow rate in correspondence with the first portion of the system according to the pressure value received from the sensor (22) and the desired flow rate value of air per linear meter, in particular said desired air flow rate per linear meter being associated with a corresponding predetermined pressure value, the control unit (CPU) moving the flow interruption element (20) between the first operating condition and the second operating condition or vice versa to determine within the first portion of the system a real pressure variation detected by the sensor (22) and bring the real pressure value detected to the predetermined pressure value associated with the desired air flow per linear meter, the movement of said flow interruption element (20) allowing the control unit to adjust the air flow in correspondence with the first portion of the system.