ITMI20090919A1 - PROCEDURE FOR MAKING STRETCH MULTIPLANAR NETWORKS - Google Patents

PROCEDURE FOR MAKING STRETCH MULTIPLANAR NETWORKS Download PDF

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Publication number
ITMI20090919A1
ITMI20090919A1 IT000919A ITMI20090919A ITMI20090919A1 IT MI20090919 A1 ITMI20090919 A1 IT MI20090919A1 IT 000919 A IT000919 A IT 000919A IT MI20090919 A ITMI20090919 A IT MI20090919A IT MI20090919 A1 ITMI20090919 A1 IT MI20090919A1
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Italy
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series
elements
thread
lying
parallel
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IT000919A
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Italian (it)
Inventor
Cesare Beretta
Pierluigi Maggioni
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Tenax Spa
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Priority to ITMI2009A000919A priority Critical patent/IT1394408B1/en
Priority to US12/785,058 priority patent/US20100294115A1/en
Priority to EP10163529A priority patent/EP2264247B1/en
Priority to ES10163529T priority patent/ES2387354T3/en
Priority to CN201010246529.3A priority patent/CN101920566B/en
Publication of ITMI20090919A1 publication Critical patent/ITMI20090919A1/en
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Publication of IT1394408B1 publication Critical patent/IT1394408B1/en

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
    • E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
    • E02D17/202—Securing of slopes or inclines with flexible securing means

Description

“PROCEDIMENTO PER LA REALIZZAZIONE DI RETI MULTI PLANARI STIRATE” "PROCEDURE FOR THE REALIZATION OF STRETCHED MULTI PLANAR NETWORKS"

La presente invenzione ha per oggetto un procedimento per la realizzazione di reti multiplanari, The present invention relates to a process for the construction of multi-planar networks,

In particolare forma oggetto del presente trovato un metodo per realizzare un prodotto monoblocco a strati nel quale tutti gli strati di cui si compone sono disposti su piani distinti rigidamente interconnessi durante il medesimo processo di coestrusione a formare un'unica struttura continua. . In particular, the present invention relates to a method for making a layered monobloc product in which all the layers of which it is composed are arranged on distinct planes rigidly interconnected during the same coextrusion process to form a single continuous structure. .

Come è noto, sono oggi comunemente utilizzate, in applicazioni geotecniche e non, reti multistrato ottenute mediante processo di estrusione. As is known, multilayer meshes obtained by means of an extrusion process are commonly used today, in geotechnical and non-geotechnical applications.

Sono ad esempio note reti multiplanari per uso geotecnico le quali presentano ottime caratteristiche in termini di drenaggio di fluidi, accoppiate ad un'ottima resistenza a forze di compressione applicate in direzione ortogonale al piano medio del lavorato. For example, multi-planar networks for geotechnical use are known which have excellent characteristics in terms of drainage of fluids, coupled with excellent resistance to compression forces applied in a direction orthogonal to the average plane of the workpiece.

È noto dal documento n. US 5255998 realizzare reti triplanari costituite da tre serie di fili paralleli tra loro disposti in piani sfalsati in maniera tale da definire un prodotto monoblocco in cui ciascuno degli strati è accoppiato allo strato contiguo in corrispondenza di una pluralità di nodi di connessione. It is known from document no. US 5255998 to realize triplane networks consisting of three series of parallel wires arranged in staggered planes in such a way as to define a monobloc product in which each of the layers is coupled to the contiguous layer in correspondence with a plurality of connection nodes.

Il prodotto di cui alla privativa US 5255998 presenta un ottimo comportamento al drenaggio dei fluidi ed un'ottima resistenza strutturale. The product referred to in US 5255998 has an excellent behavior to the drainage of fluids and an excellent structural resistance.

Appare tuttavia evidente che le caratteristiche tecniche del manufatto sopra menzionato possono essere variate solo variando la geometria del prodotto, ovvero utilizzando fili di diametro maggiore o minore, variando il numero o le distanze tra i fili e/o tra i nodi o modificando le geometrie ed orientazioni di accoppiamento. However, it is clear that the technical characteristics of the aforementioned product can only be varied by varying the geometry of the product, or by using wires with a larger or smaller diameter, by varying the number or distances between the wires and / or between the nodes or by modifying the geometries and mating orientations.

È ovvio infatti che variando l'applicazione alla quale la rete è destinata possono vaiiare i requisiti tecnici richiesti alla stessa e pertanto un determinato manufatto che si riveli ottimo per un certo tipo di applicazione può non esserlo in altre situazioni. In fact, it is obvious that by varying the application for which the network is intended, the technical requirements required of it can vary and therefore a certain product that turns out to be excellent for a certain type of application may not be so in other situations.

Quanto sopra comporta la necessità di realizzare una pluralità di diversi manufatti multiplanari ciascuno particolarmente adatto a rispettive specifiche applicazioni. The above entails the need to make a plurality of different multi-planar artifacts, each one particularly suitable for respective specific applications.

Ciò implica la necessità di dover predisporre diverse linee produttive per realizzare manufatti con proprietà di resistenza ai carichi e pesi al metro quadro diversi tra loro (anche non di molto), o, alternativamente, comporta la necessità di utilizzare un medesimo manufatto per applicazioni diverse con comportamenti e prestazioni non ottimali in quanto non dedicate allo specifico uso. This implies the need to set up different production lines to create products with properties of resistance to loads and weights per square meter that are different from each other (even not very much), or, alternatively, it involves the need to use the same product for different applications with behavior and performance not optimal as they are not dedicated to the specific use.

Scopo della presente invenzione è pertanto quello di risolvere il limite sopra evidenziato. The aim of the present invention is therefore to solve the limit highlighted above.

In particolare è un obiettivo del trovato mettere a disposizione un procedimento per realizzare reti multiplanari che possa consentire l'ottenimento di manufatti con diverso peso per metro quadro sfruttando sostanzialmente le medesime macchine di estrusione. In particular, it is an object of the invention to provide a method for making multi-planar networks which can allow the obtaining of manufactured articles with different weights per square meter by substantially exploiting the same extrusion machines.

Un ulteriore scopo dell'invenzione è quello di ottenere un prodotto finale con minor peso al metro quadro a parità di capacità drenante. A further object of the invention is to obtain a final product with a lower weight per square meter with the same draining capacity.

Sono poi obiettivi deU'invenzione quelli di ottenere, oltre a prodotti dal peso al metro quadro anche molto contenuto, prodotti con una buona resistenza alla compressione, un'ottima capacità di drenaggio ed una resistenza alla deformazione in senso trasversale estremamente alta. The objectives of the invention are also to obtain, in addition to products with a weight per square meter also very low, products with good compressive strength, excellent drainage capacity and extremely high resistance to deformation in the transverse direction.

È anche uno scopo ausiliario deU’invenzione quello di mettere a disposizione un procedimento per la realizzazione di reti che possano avere utilizzi in settori totalmente differenti (ad esempio geotecnica e packaging) conferendo comunque al prodotto multistrato caratteristiche vantaggiose per il settore specifico. It is also an auxiliary purpose of the invention to make available a process for the construction of networks that can have uses in totally different sectors (for example geotechnics and packaging) while still giving the multilayer product advantageous characteristics for the specific sector.

Questi ed altri scopi che meglio appariranno nel corso della seguente descrizione sono sostanzialmente raggiunti da un procedimento per la realizzazione di reti multiplanari in accordo con l’invenzione. These and other purposes that will appear better in the course of the following description are substantially achieved by a process for the construction of multi-planar networks in accordance with the invention.

Ulteriori caratteristiche e vantaggi appariranno maggiormente dalla descrizione dettagliata di una forma realizzativa di un procedimento per realizzare reti multiplanari secondo l'invenzione. Further characteristics and advantages will become clearer from the detailed description of an embodiment of a method for creating multi-planar networks according to the invention.

La descrizione verrà effettuata qui di seguito con riferimento alle unite figure, fornite a solo scopo esemplificativo, e pertanto non limitativo, in cui: The description will be made hereafter with reference to the accompanying figures, provided for illustrative purposes only, and therefore not limitative, in which:

- la fig. 1 mostra una fotografia dall'alto della rete multiplanare in accordo con l'invenzione; - fig. 1 shows a photograph from above of the multiplanar network according to the invention;

- le fig. 2 e 2a mostrano fotografìe in vista prospettica di una rete ottenuta con il procedimento in accordo con l'invenzione; - figs. 2 and 2a show photographs in perspective view of a network obtained with the process according to the invention;

- le figg. 3a-3d mostrano in vista schematica sezioni della fotografia di figura 1 secondo i piani ivi indicati; - figs. 3a-3d show a schematic view of sections of the photograph of Figure 1 according to the planes indicated therein;

- la fig. 4 mostra un manufatto a rete che costituisce un prodotto intermedio nel procedimento in accordo con l'invenzione; e - fig. 4 shows a mesh product which constitutes an intermediate product in the process according to the invention; And

- la fig. 5 mostra una fotografìa in pianta di una rete leggera per imballaggio ottenuta con il procedimento secondo l'invenzione. - fig. 5 shows a plan photograph of a light net for packaging obtained with the process according to the invention.

Con riferimento alle figure citate con 1 è stata complessivamente indicata una rete multiplanare ottenuta adottando il procedimento secondo l'invenzione. With reference to the aforementioned figures, the reference numeral 1 generally indicates a multiplanar network obtained by adopting the method according to the invention.

La metodologia in accordo con l'invenzione prevede innanzitutto la realizzazione di un manufatto a rete multiplanare 10 (preferenzialmente un manufatto triplanare) ottenibile mediante processo di coestrusione con macchine note a testa rotante. The methodology in accordance with the invention first of all provides for the production of a multi-planar network product 10 (preferably a triplane product) which can be obtained by means of a coextrusion process with known rotary head machines.

In particolare il manufatto a rete 10 (semilavorato) realizzato mediante coestmsione potrà essere del tipo illustrato in figura 4. In particular, the mesh product 10 (semi-finished product) made by coextrusion can be of the type illustrated in Figure 4.

Come si può notare in tale immagine, il manufatto a rete 10 comprende una prima, una seconda ed una terza serie 2, 3, 4 di elementi filiformi 2a, 3a, 4a. Ciascuna serie giace in un rispettivo piano A, B, C che è parallelo e sfalsato rispetto al piano della serie adiacente (fig. 3d). As can be seen in this image, the mesh product 10 comprises a first, second and third series 2, 3, 4 of thread-like elements 2a, 3a, 4a. Each series lies in a respective plane A, B, C which is parallel and offset with respect to the plane of the adjacent series (fig. 3d).

Inoltre gli elementi filiformi 2a, 3a, 4a, di ciascuna serie 2, 3, 4 sono sostanzialmente paralleli tra loro. Furthermore, the filiform elements 2a, 3a, 4a, of each series 2, 3, 4 are substantially parallel to each other.

Come è poi possibile notare da figura 4, gli elementi della prima serie 2 sono inclinati relativamente agli elementi della seconda 3 e della terza serie 4, mentre gli elementi della seconda serie 3 si trovano a loro volta inclinati rispetto agli elementi della terza serie 4. As can then be seen from Figure 4, the elements of the first series 2 are inclined relative to the elements of the second 3 and third series 4, while the elements of the second series 3 are in turn inclined with respect to the elements of the third series 4.

Inoltre gli elementi filiformi 2a della prima serie 2 sono vincolati rigidamente agli elementi filiformi 3a della seconda serie 3 in corrispondenza di rispettivi nodi 5. Furthermore, the thread-like elements 2a of the first series 2 are rigidly constrained to the thread-like elements 3a of the second series 3 at respective nodes 5.

Alla stessa maniera gli elementi filiformi 3a della seconda serie 3 sono vincolati rigidamente agli elementi filiformi 4a della terza serie 4 in corrispondenza di corrispondenti rispettivi nodi 6. In the same way, the thread-like elements 3a of the second series 3 are rigidly constrained to the thread-like elements 4a of the third series 4 at corresponding respective nodes 6.

Quanto sopra consente di definire una rete multiplanare monoblocco rigidamente interconnessa definente una pluralità di maglie. The above allows to define a rigidly interconnected monobloc multi-planar network defining a plurality of links.

Va poi notato che gli elementi filiformi della seconda serie 3 (interposti tra quelli della prima e della terza serie) si trovano orientati nella direzione di estrusione MD (machine direction); viceversa gli elementi della prima e della terza serie fuoriescono dalla testa di estrusione in maniera tale che nel prodotto reso planare si trovino inclinati di angoli uguali e contrapposti rispetto alla direzione di estrusione. It should also be noted that the thread-like elements of the second series 3 (interposed between those of the first and third series) are oriented in the direction of extrusion MD (machine direction); vice versa, the elements of the first and third series protrude from the extrusion head in such a way that in the product made planar they are inclined at equal and opposite angles with respect to the direction of extrusion.

Osservando in particolare le figure si nota poi come i nodi 5 tra la prima e la seconda serie 2, 3 ed i nodi 6 di collegamento tra la seconda e la terza serie 3, 4 di elementi filiformi si trovino disposti in posizioni corrispondenti in maniera tale da definire vere e proprie zone di accoppiamento in cui prima, seconda e terza serie si trovano collegate tra loro. Observing the figures in particular, it is then noted that the nodes 5 between the first and second series 2, 3 and the connecting nodes 6 between the second and third series 3, 4 of thread-like elements are arranged in corresponding positions in such a way to be defined as real coupling areas in which the first, second and third series are connected to each other.

Osservando dall'alto il manufatto a rete 10 così ottenuto si nota una struttura a maglie in cui la prima e la terza serie di elementi filiformi definiscono maglie romboidali, mentre gli elementi filiformi della seconda serie sono di fatto le bisettrici di angoli opposti di tali maglie romboidali, Observing from above the net artifact 10 thus obtained, a mesh structure can be seen in which the first and third series of thread-like elements define rhomboidal meshes, while the thread-like elements of the second series are in fact the bisectors of opposite angles of these meshes rhomboidal,

In altri termini ancora la struttura a rete risulta piuttosto regolare e le tre serie di elementi sono accoppiate in corrispondenza di nodi corrispondenti. In other words, the network structure is rather regular and the three series of elements are coupled at corresponding nodes.

Vantaggiosamente il procedimento per realizzare le reti multiplanari oggetto dell'invenzione prevede che una volta realizzato il manufatto a rete 10 sopra descritto, particolarmente mediante coestrusione dei citati elementi filiformi tramite un'opportuna testa rotante nota, si provveda ad effettuare almeno un'ulteriore fase di stiro del manufatto a rete 10 così ottenuto secondo almeno una prima direzione di stiro 7. Advantageously, the process for making the multi-planar nets object of the invention provides that once the netting product 10 described above has been made, particularly by coextrusion of the aforementioned thread-like elements through a suitable known rotating head, at least one further phase of stretching of the net article 10 thus obtained according to at least a first stretching direction 7.

Quanto sopra può essere in particolare effettuato mentre il manufatto si trova ancora in uno stato plastico. In particular, the above can be carried out while the product is still in a plastic state.

Definita MD (machine direction) la direzione di estrusione parallela (coincidente) alla direzione di avanzamento del manufatto a rete 10 in uscita dall'estrusore, la prima direzione di stiro 7 è sostanzialmente trasversale rispetto a tale direzione di estrusione. Defined as MD (machine direction) the direction of extrusion parallel (coincident) to the direction of advancement of the mesh article 10 exiting the extruder, the first stretching direction 7 is substantially transverse with respect to this direction of extrusion.

In particolare la direzione di stiro 7 risulterà essere ortogonale alla direzione di avanzamento MD precedentemente citata andando in tal modo ad agire prevalentemente sugli elementi della prima e della terza serie (2, 4). In particular, the stretching direction 7 will be orthogonal to the feed direction MD previously mentioned, thus acting mainly on the elements of the first and third series (2, 4).

Di fatto la prima direzione di stiro 7 non coincide con alcuna direzione di sviluppo longitudinale delle tre serie di fili del prodotto. In fact, the first drawing direction 7 does not coincide with any direction of longitudinal development of the three series of yarns of the product.

Effettuare tale azione di stiramento della rete comporta geometricamente due effetti: gli elementi paralleli della seconda serie continuano a mantenersi paralleli, ma si trovano distanziati di una distanza maggiore rispetto alla medesima distanza nel manufatto a rete 10 semilavorato. Performing this stretching action of the mesh geometrically involves two effects: the parallel elements of the second series continue to remain parallel, but are spaced apart by a greater distance than the same distance in the semi-finished mesh article 10.

Inoltre gli elementi filiformi 2a e 4a della prima e della terza serie 2, 4 vengono corrispondentemente allungati pur mantenendo la relazione geometrica di parallelismo reciproco. Furthermore, the filiform elements 2a and 4a of the first and third series 2, 4 are correspondingly lengthened while maintaining the geometric relationship of reciprocal parallelism.

In questo senso, osservando una sezione in diversi punti di una maglia si nota come la sezione maggiore si trovi in corrispondenza dei nodi 5,6 , la stessa vada via via decrescendo di area (anche se con geometria in parte irregolare) sino in corrispondenza di una zona di mezzeria e quindi aumentando di sezione sino a giungere in prossimità del nodo subito successivo. In this sense, by observing a section in different points of a mesh, it can be seen that the largest section is in correspondence with nodes 5,6, the same gradually decreasing in area (even if with partially irregular geometry) up to an area in the middle and therefore increasing in section until reaching the immediate following node.

Da un punto di vista tecnico l'operazione di stilatura diminuisce il peso del manufatto per unità dimensionale. From a technical point of view, the styling operation decreases the weight of the product per dimensional unit.

Va poi notato che la rete triplanare viene in particolare stirata secondo almeno due direzioni di stiro in cui la seconda direzione di stiro 13 è trasversale alla prima direzione di stiro 7. It should also be noted that the triplane mesh is in particular stretched according to at least two stretching directions in which the second stretching direction 13 is transverse to the first stretching direction 7.

In dettaglio la seconda direzione di stiro risulta essere parallela alla direzione di avanzamento macchina (MD) e di fatto coincidere con la direzione di sviluppo longitudinale 8 degli elementi filiformi 3a della seconda serie 3. In detail, the second stretching direction is parallel to the machine advancement direction (MD) and in fact coincides with the longitudinal development direction 8 of the thread-like elements 3a of the second series 3.

In questa maniera anche gli elementi filiformi della seconda serie modificano la propria geometria e la sezione varia da un massimo in corrispondenza dei nodi sino ad un minimo in corrispondenza di una zona di mezzeria tra due nodi consecutivi. In this way, the thread-like elements of the second series also modify their geometry and the section varies from a maximum in correspondence with the nodes up to a minimum in correspondence with a center line between two consecutive nodes.

Anche in questo caso vi è un'ulteriore diminuzione del peso della rete per metro quadro. Also in this case there is a further decrease in the weight of the network per square meter.

Opzionalmente la metodologia di produzione può comprendere anche una fase di impegno al manufato a rete 10 stirato di almeno uno strato di materiale filtrante 12 il quale può essere associato alla prima serie 2 o alla terza serie 4 degli elementi filiformi (in uriulteriore forma realizzativa potrebbe essere associato ad entrambe le serie). Optionally, the production method can also comprise a step of engaging the mesh fabric 10 stretched of at least one layer of filtering material 12 which can be associated with the first series 2 or the third series 4 of the filiform elements (in a further embodiment it could be associated with both series).

Si noti che alla fine delle operazioni di stiratura le maglie della rete non presentano variazioni di angolo tra i fili stessi e pertanto il prodoto non modifica la propria orientazione rispeto alla direzione macchina (MD). It should be noted that at the end of the ironing operations the meshes of the net do not show variations in angle between the threads themselves and therefore the product does not change its orientation with respect to the machine direction (MD).

Si noti poi che i due strati 2, 4 posti sopra e sotto quello centrale 3 presentano fili orientati non ortogonalmente rispeto alla direzione macchina (MD), ma secondo un angolo di almeno 15° e formano tra loro un angolo in cui la direzione MD è sostanzialmente la bisetrice. It should also be noted that the two layers 2, 4 placed above and below the central one 3 have wires oriented not orthogonally with respect to the machine direction (MD), but according to an angle of at least 15 ° and form an angle between them in which the MD direction is basically the bisetric.

Rispeto ad un prodoto triplanare semplicemente estruso, la capacità di orientare la rete in direzione almeno ortogonale alla direzione di estrusione permette di avere un prodotto finale con minor peso al metro quadro a parità di capacità drenante. Compared to a simply extruded triplane product, the ability to orient the mesh in a direction at least orthogonal to the direction of extrusion allows for a final product with a lower weight per square meter with the same draining capacity.

Nell'applicazione di drenaggio dei fluidi il variare della pressione cui è sottoposto il prodoto che porterebbe ad un maggior schiacciamento in direzione ortogonale al piano medio del manufato può essere facilmente controbatuta diminuendo la larghezza dei canali (e quindi la lunghezza libera di inflessione dei fili) semplicemente variando il valore del rapporto di stiro (a pato di mantenere sempre un buon mix di dimensioni dei fili, angolo ria i fili e rapporti di strio correto) e non più modificando il numero dei fili longitudinali del manufato. In the application of fluid drainage, the variation of the pressure to which the product is subjected which would lead to a greater crushing in the direction orthogonal to the average plane of the product can be easily counteracted by decreasing the width of the channels (and therefore the free length of inflection of the wires) simply by varying the drawing ratio value (provided that a good mix of yarn dimensions, yarn angle and correct strio ratios are always maintained) and no longer modifying the number of longitudinal yarns of the product.

Si noti poi come il prodoto stirato presenti comunque fili sostanzialmente tesi, nodi che mantengono sostanzialmente lo spessore originario (in particolare la perdita è inferiore al 15% e mediamente contenuta intorno al 10% in spessore) e pertanto i canali hanno dimensioni ampie e mantengono una buona resistenza alla compressione. It should also be noted that the stretched product still has substantially taut threads, knots that substantially maintain the original thickness (in particular the loss is less than 15% and on average contained around 10% in thickness) and therefore the channels have large dimensions and maintain a good compressive strength.

Il filo della seconda serie 3 mantiene un andamento sostanzialmente rettilineo e pertanto continua a rappresentare la bisettrice dell'angolo fonnato dai due ordini di fili più esterni. The thread of the second series 3 maintains a substantially straight course and therefore continues to represent the bisector of the angle formed by the two outermost rows of threads.

Si noti che l'oggetto dell'invenzione può essere utilizzato per svariate tipologie di funzione. It should be noted that the object of the invention can be used for various types of function.

Infatti la rete in oggetto può essere utilizzata come geogriglia ove è possibile sfruttare la capacità volumetrica al l'interno dei canali tra i fili dell'ordine diretto in direzione della macchina e la superiore capacità di contenimento delle particelle di terreno in dilezione trasversale (evidente dallo spessore totale del prodotto) e in direzione ortogonale dal piano medio degli ordini dei fili che compongono il manufatto (dato dalla presenza degli ordini di fili più esterni, ciascuno dei quali attraversa la maglia disegnata dagli ordini dei fili opposto). In particolare il presente trovato consente di migliorare l'oggetto del brevetto americano citato mantenendo le medesime capacità drenanti risultando al contempo più flessibile dal punto di vista produttivo in quanto è possibile ottenere la necessaria capacità di resistenza alla pressione del manufatto semplicemente modificando in modo corretto il rapporto di stiro in direzione trasversale all'avanzamento dei fili in macchina e diminuendo la lunghezza libera di inflessione dei fili stessi. In fact, the network in question can be used as a geogrid where it is possible to exploit the volumetric capacity inside the channels between the wires of the order directed towards the machine and the superior containment capacity of the soil particles in transversal deletion (evident from the total thickness of the product) and in an orthogonal direction from the average plane of the orders of the threads that make up the product (given by the presence of the outermost orders of threads, each of which crosses the mesh drawn by the orders of the opposite threads). In particular, the present invention makes it possible to improve the object of the cited American patent while maintaining the same draining capacities while at the same time being more flexible from the production point of view since it is possible to obtain the necessary resistance to pressure of the manufactured article simply by correctly modifying the draw ratio in the direction transversal to the advancement of the yarns in the machine and decreasing the free length of inflection of the yarns themselves.

Proprio per l'applicazione geotecnica è utile o comunque possibile accoppiare il trovato con del geotessuto su almeno uno dei lati del prodotto. Precisely for geotechnical application it is useful or in any case possible to couple the invention with geotextile on at least one of the sides of the product.

Si noti tuttavia che reti ottenute con il procedimento in accordo con l'invenzione possono avere numerosi vantaggi anche in altri settori. However, it should be noted that nets obtained with the process according to the invention can have numerous advantages also in other sectors.

Nel campo dell'imballaggio con reti estruse di basso peso al metro quadro la forma della maglia assume un'importanza notevole in quanto le caratteristiche meccaniche e di contenimento variano sensibilmente. In the field of packaging with extruded nets of low weight per square meter, the shape of the mesh assumes considerable importance as the mechanical and containment characteristics vary significantly.

Una maglia quadra permette di avere una rete con un'ottima resistenza alla pressione (e scarsa resistenza alla deformazione) in senso longitudinale e trasversale; una maglia romboidale permette di avere una rete estremamente deformabile, caratteristica positiva come capacità di adattamento al contenuto, ma negativa per la difficoltà di manipolazione del prodotto, A square mesh allows you to have a mesh with excellent resistance to pressure (and poor resistance to deformation) in the longitudinal and transverse direction; a rhomboidal mesh allows to have an extremely deformable net, a positive characteristic as the ability to adapt to the content, but negative for the difficulty of handling the product,

Nell'imballo, ad esempio, di prodotti ortofrutticoli, questo genere di prodotti presenta nel tempo una modificazione delle proprie caratteristiche geometriche e volumetriche dovute alla perdita dei liquidi. In the packaging, for example, of fruit and vegetable products, this kind of product has over time a modification of its geometric and volumetric characteristics due to the loss of liquids.

Un possibile utilizzo dell'invenzione con basso peso al metro quadro è pertanto quella deH'imballaggio di prodotti quali fieno o ortofrutta. A possible use of the invention with a low weight per square meter is therefore that of the packaging of products such as hay or fruit and vegetables.

La leggerezza della rete e l'elevata sottigliezza dei fili disposto secondo le specifiche precedentemente descritte conferiscono alla rete un'elasticità ottima per il contenimento abbinato alla resistenza considerevole dei fili diretti in direzione macchina (figura 5). The lightness of the net and the high thinness of the threads arranged according to the previously described specifications give the net an excellent elasticity for containment combined with the considerable resistance of the threads directed towards the machine (figure 5).

L'elasticità intrinseca che la particolare disposizione e la lavorazione degli ordini di fili conferisce al prodotto consente, ad esempio, nell’utilizzo come imballaggio di ortaggi, di recuperare un'eventuale diminuzione di peso/volume del prodotto avvolto, adattando l'involucro alle dimensioni del contenuto senza perdere in resistenza meccanica dell'imballo. The intrinsic elasticity that the particular arrangement and processing of the orders of threads confers on the product allows, for example, when used as a packaging for vegetables, to recover any decrease in weight / volume of the wrapped product, adapting the wrapping to the dimensions of the contents without losing the mechanical strength of the packaging.

Una rete per tale tipologia di applicazioni è illustrata in figura 5, la stessa è una rete leggere e presenta tre fili di ordini disposti come precedentemente descritto ed è ottenuta con il procedimento in accordo con Γ invenzione. A network for this type of application is illustrated in Figure 5, the same is a light network and has three order wires arranged as previously described and is obtained with the process according to the invention.

Claims (11)

RIVENDICAZIONI 1. Procedimento per la realizzazione di reti multiplanari comprendente le seguenti fasi: - realizzare un manufatto a rete (10) monoblocco mediante almeno le seguenti sotto-fasi: - predisporre una prima, una seconda ed una terza serie (2, 3, 4) di elementi filiformi (2a. 3a, 4a), ciascuna serie (2, 3, 4) presentando elementi filiformi (2a, 3a, 4a) paralleli tra loro; - accoppiare la prima serie (2) di elementi filiformi (2a) alla seconda serie (3) di elementi filiformi (3a) in modo che gli elementi (2a) della prima serie (2) si trovino inclinati rispetto agli elementi (3a) della seconda serie (3), gli elementi della prima serie (2) trovandosi in una piano di giacitura (A) diverso dagli elementi della seconda serie (3), le zone di accoppiamento tra gli elementi filiformi (2 a) della prima serie (2) e gli elementi filiformi (3 a) della seconda serie (3) definendo una pluralità di nodi (5) tra prima e seconda serie; - accoppiare detta seconda serie (3) di elementi filiformi (3a) a detta terza serie (4) di elementi filiformi (4a) in maniera tale che gli elementi della seconda serie (3) siano inclinati rispetto agli elementi della terza serie (4), gli elementi della prima serie (2), della seconda serie (3) e della terza serie (4) giacendo, rispettivamente, su diversi piani di giacitura (A, B, C), gli elementi della seconda serie (3) trovandosi interposti tra gli elementi della prima (2) e delle terza serie (4), gli elementi della seconda serie e gli elementi della terza serie definendo una pluralità di nodi (6) di collegamento tra seconda e terza serie (3, 4); caratterizzato dal fatto che comprende inoltre una fase di stirare il manufatto a rete (10) così ottenuto secondo almeno una prima direzione di stiro (7). 2. Procedimento secondo la rivendicazione precedente, caratterizzato dal fatto che le fasi di realizzare detta prima serie (2), detta seconda serie (3) e detta terza serie (4) di elementi filiformi e la fase di associare detta prima serie a detta seconda serie e detta seconda serie a detta terza serie sono sostanzialmente contemporanee. 3. Procedimento secondo una qualsiasi delle rivendicazioni precedenti, caratterizzato dal fatto che detta fase di realizzare un manufatto a rete (10) è ottenuta mediante una fase di estrusione, gli elementi filiformi (3 a) della seconda serie (3) avendo una direzione di sviluppo (8) sostanzialmente parallela alla direzione di avanzamento (MD) del manufatto a rete (10) in uscita dall'estrusore. 4. Procedimento secondo una qualsiasi delle rivendicazioni precedenti, caratterizzato dal fatto che gli elementi filiformi della prima serie (2) e gli elementi filiformi della terza serie (4) sono realizzati così da presentare assi di sviluppo (9, 11) reciprocamente inclinati, gli elementi della seconda serie (3) essendo inclinati rispetto agli elementi della prima e della terza serie (2, 4). 5. Procedimento secondo una qualsiasi delle rivendicazioni precedenti, caratterizzato dal fatto che i nodi di collegamento (5) tra prima e seconda serie (2, 3) ed i nodi di collegamento (6) tra seconda e terza serie (3, 4) vengono realizzati così da trovarsi in posizioni corrispondenti definendo nodi di collegamento tra prima, seconda e terza serie. 6. Procedimento secondo una qualsiasi delle rivendicazioni precedenti, caratterizzato dal fatto che gli elementi della seconda serie (3) definiscono sostanzialmente una bisettrice dell'angolo (a) formato tra gli elementi della prima e della terza serie (2, 4). 7. Procedimento secondo una qualsiasi delle rivendicazioni, precedenti, caratterizzato dal fatto che comprende inoltre una ulteriore fase di stiro del manufatto a rete (10) secondo una ulteriore direzione trasversale (13) alla prima direzione di stiro (7), di preferenza la prima direzione di stiro (7) non essendo parallela ad alcuna direzione di sviluppo degli elementi filiformi di prima, seconda e terza serie. 8. Procedimento secondo una qualsiasi delle rivendicazioni precedenti, caratterizzato dal fatto che detta prima direzione di stiro (7) è sostanzialmente trasversale, e preferibilmente ortogonale, a una direzione avanzamento in fase di realizzazione (MD) e di sviluppo longitudinale (8) degli elementi filiformi della seconda serie (3). 9. Procedimento secondo una qualsiasi delle rivendicazioni precedenti, caratterizzato dal fatto che detta ulteriore direzione di stiro (13) è trasversale, e preferibilmente ortogonale, a detta prima direzione di stiro (7), ancor più preferibilmente detta ulteriore direzione di stiro (13) essendo parallela ad una direzione di sviluppo longitudinale (8) degli elementi filiformi della seconda serie (3). 10. Procedimento secondo una qualsiasi delle rivendicazioni precedenti, caratterizzato dal fatto che comprende inoltre una fase di associare al manufatto a rete (10) stirato almeno uno sfiato di materiale filtrante (12), detto strato di materiale (12) essendo associato preferibilmente a detta prima serie (12) di elementi filiformi e/o a detta terza serie (4) di elementi filiformi. 11. Rete multiplanare, particolarmente per il drenaggio di fluidi comprendente: - almeno una prima, una seconda ed una terza serie (2, 3, 4) di elementi filiformi (2a, 3a, 4a), gli elementi filiformi (2a) della prima serie (2) essendo paralleli tra loro, gli elementi filiformi (4a) della seconda serie (4) essendo paralleli tra loro e gli elementi filiformi della terza serie (4) essendo paralleli tra loro, gli elementi filiformi della prima serie (2) giacendo in un primo piano di giacitura (A), gli elementi filiformi della seconda serie (3) in un secondo piano di giacitura (B) e gli elementi della terza serie (4) giacendo in un terzo piano di giacitura (C), detti piani di giacitura (A, B, C) essendo sfalsati tra loro, - nodi di collegamento (5) tra gli elementi filiformi delia prima serie (2), gli elementi filiformi della seconda serie (3); - nodi di collegamento (6) tra gli elementi filiformi della seconda serie (3) e gli elementi filiformi della terza serie (4), caratterizzata dal fatto che gli elementi filiformi (3a) della seconda serie (3) sono stirati lungo la loro direzione di sviluppo prevalente (8), presentando una sezione secondo una piano ortogonale alla direzione di sviluppo prevalente che decresce e quindi aumenta muovendosi da un nodo al nodo successivo.. C 1 a i m s : 1. A process for manufacturing multiplanar nets comprising thè following steps: - making a monobloc net-like article of manufacture by at least thè following sub-steps: <■>providing a first, a second and a third series (2, 3, 4) of thread-like elements (2a, 3a, 4a), each series (2, 3, 4) having thread-like elements (2a, 3a, 4a) parallel to each other; • coupling thè first series (2) of thread-like elements (2a) to thè second series (3) of thread-like elements (3a) in such a manner that thè elements (2a) of the first series (2) are inclined to thè elements (3a) of thè second series (3), thè elements of the first series (2) being in a lying piane (A) different from the elements of the second series (3), the coupling regions between the thread-like elements (2a) of the first series (2) and the thread-like elements (3a) of the second series (3) defining a plurality of knots (5) between the first and second series; • coupling said second series (3) of thread-like elements (3a) to said third series (4) of thread-like elements (4a) in such a manner that the elements of the second series (3) are inclined to the elements of the third series (4), the elements of the first series (2), the second series (3) and the third series (4) lying in different lying planes (A, B, C) respectively, the elements of the second series (3) being interposed between the elements of the first series (2) and the elements of the third series (4), the elements of the second series and the elements of the third series defining a plurality of connecting knots (6) between the second and third series (3, 4); characterised in that it further comprises a step of stretching the net like article of manufacture (10) thus obtained in at least one first stretching direction (7). CLAIMS 1. Procedure for the construction of multi-planar networks comprising the following phases: - create a monobloc mesh product (10) by means of at least the following sub-phases: - prepare a first, second and third series (2, 3, 4) of thread-like elements (2a, 3a, 4a), each series (2, 3, 4) presenting thread-like elements (2a, 3a, 4a) parallel to each other They; - couple the first series (2) of thread-like elements (2a) to the second series (3) of thread-like elements (3a) so that the elements (2a) of the first series (2) are inclined with respect to the elements (3a) of the second series (3), the elements of the first series (2) being in a plane (A) different from the elements of the second series (3), the coupling areas between the thread-like elements (2 a) of the first series (2 ) and the filiform elements (3 a) of the second series (3) defining a plurality of nodes (5) between the first and second series; - coupling said second series (3) of thread-like elements (3a) to said third series (4) of thread-like elements (4a) in such a way that the elements of the second series (3) are inclined with respect to the elements of the third series (4) , the elements of the first series (2), of the second series (3) and of the third series (4) lying, respectively, on different planes (A, B, C), the elements of the second series (3) being interposed between the elements of the first (2) and third series (4), the elements of the second series and the elements of the third series defining a plurality of connecting nodes (6) between the second and third series (3, 4); characterized in that it further comprises a step of stretching the net manufactured article (10) thus obtained according to at least a first stretching direction (7). 2. Process according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the steps of making said first series (2), said second series (3) and said third series (4) of thread-like elements and the step of associating said first series to said second series and said second series to said third series are substantially simultaneous. 3. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said step of making a mesh product (10) is obtained by means of an extrusion step, the filiform elements (3 a) of the second series (3) having a direction of development (8) substantially parallel to the direction of advancement (MD) of the mesh product (10) leaving the extruder. 4. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thread-like elements of the first series (2) and the thread-like elements of the third series (4) are made so as to have mutually inclined development axes (9, 11), the elements of the second series (3) being inclined with respect to the elements of the first and third series (2, 4). Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting nodes (5) between the first and second series (2, 3) and the connecting nodes (6) between the second and third series (3, 4) are made so as to be in corresponding positions defining connecting nodes between the first, second and third series. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elements of the second series (3) substantially define a bisector of the angle (a) formed between the elements of the first and third series (2, 4). 7. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it also comprises a further step of stretching the net article (10) according to a further direction transversal (13) to the first stretching direction (7), preferably the first drawing direction (7) not being parallel to any direction of development of the filiform elements of the first, second and third series. 8. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that said first stretching direction (7) is substantially transverse, and preferably orthogonal, to a direction of advancement during construction (MD) and longitudinal development (8) of the elements filiform of the second series (3). 9. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that said further stretching direction (13) is transverse, and preferably orthogonal, to said first stretching direction (7), even more preferably said further stretching direction (13) being parallel to a longitudinal development direction (8) of the filiform elements of the second series (3). 10. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises a step of associating at least one vent of filtering material (12) to the stretched mesh product (10), said layer of material (12) being preferably associated with said first series (12) of thread-like elements and / or to said third series (4) of thread-like elements. 11. Multiplanar network, particularly for the drainage of fluids comprising: - at least a first, a second and a third series (2, 3, 4) of thread-like elements (2a, 3a, 4a), the thread-like elements (2a) of the first series (2) being parallel to each other, the thread-like elements (4a) of the second series (4) being parallel to each other and the thread-like elements of the third series (4) being parallel to each other, the thread-like elements of the first series (2) lying in a first lying plane (A), the filiform elements of the second series (3) in a second lying plane (B) and the elements of the third series (4) lying in a third lying plane (C), called planes of position (A, B, C) being offset from each other, - connecting nodes (5) between the thread-like elements of the first series (2), the thread-like elements of the second series (3); - connecting nodes (6) between the thread-like elements of the second series (3) and the thread-like elements of the third series (4), characterized by the fact that the thread-like elements (3a) of the second series (3) are stretched along their direction of prevailing development (8), presenting a section according to a plane orthogonal to the prevailing development direction which decreases and therefore increases moving from one node to the next node. C 1 a i m s: 1. A process for manufacturing multiplanar nets comprising the following steps: - making a monobloc net-like article of manufacture by at least the following sub-steps: <■> providing a first, a second and a third series (2, 3, 4) of thread-like elements (2a, 3a, 4a), each series (2, 3, 4) having thread-like elements (2a, 3a, 4a) parallel to each other; • coupling the first series (2) of thread-like elements (2a) to the second series (3) of thread-like elements (3a) in such a manner that the elements (2a) of the first series (2) are inclined to the elements (3a) of the second series (3), the elements of the first series (2) being in a lying piane (A) different from the elements of the second series (3), the coupling regions between the thread- like elements (2a) of the first series (2) and the thread-like elements (3a) of the second series (3) defining a plurality of knots (5) between the first and second series; • coupling said second series (3) of thread-like elements (3a) to said third series (4) of thread-like elements (4a) in such a manner that the elements of the second series (3) are inclined to the elements of the third series (4), the elements of the first series (2), the second series (3) and the third series (4) lying in different lying planes (A, B, C) respectively, the elements of the second series (3) being interposed between the elements of the first series (2) and the elements of the third series (4), the elements of the second series and the elements of the third series defining a plurality of connecting knots (6) between the second and third series (3, 4); characterized in that it further comprises a step of stretching the net like article of manufacture (10) thus obtained in at least one first stretching direction (7). 2. A process as claimed in thè preceding claim, characterised in that thè steps of making said first series (2), second series (3) and third series (4) of thread-like elements and thè step of associating said first series with said second series and third series are substantially simultaneous. 2. A process as claimed in the preceding claim, characterized in that the steps of making said first series (2), second series (3) and third series (4) of thread-like elements and the step of associating said first series with said second series and third series are substantially simultaneous. 3. A process as claimed in anyone of thè preceding claims, characterised in that said step of making a net-like article of manufacture (10) is obtained by an extrusion step, thè thread-like elements (3a) of thè second series (3) having an extension direction substantially parallel to thè moving forward direction (MD) of thè net-like article of manufacture (10) coming out of thè extruder. 3. A process as claimed in anyone of the preceding claims, characterized in that said step of making a net-like article of manufacture (10) is obtained by an extrusion step, the thread-like elements (3a) of the second series ( 3) having an extension direction substantially parallel to the moving forward direction (MD) of the net-like article of manufacture (10) coming out of the extruder. 4. A process as claimed in anyone of thè preceding claims, characterised in that thè thread-like elements of thè first series (2) and thè thread-like elements of thè third series (4) are such made that they have mutually inclined extension axes (9, 11), thè elements of thè second series (3) being inclined to thè elements of thè first and third series (2, 4). 4. A process as claimed in anyone of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thread-like elements of the first series (2) and the thread-like elements of the third series (4) are such made that they have mutually inclined extension axes (9, 11), the elements of the second series (3) being inclined to the elements of the first and third series (2, 4). 5. A process as claimed in anyone of thè preceding claims, characterised in that thè connecting knots (5) between thè first and second series (2, 3) and thè connecting knots (6) between thè second and third series (3, 4) are made in such a manner that they are at corresponding locations thus defining connecting knots between thè first, second and third series. 5. A process as claimed in anyone of the preceding claims, characterized in that the connecting knots (5) between the first and second series (2, 3) and the connecting knots (6) between the second and third series (3, 4 ) are made in such a manner that they are at corresponding locations thus defining connecting knots between the first, second and third series. 6. A process as claimed in anyone of thè preceding claims, characterised in that thè elements of thè second series (3) substantially define a bìsector of thè angle (a) formed between thè elements of thè first and third series (2, 4). 6. A process as claimed in anyone of the preceding claims, characterized in that the elements of the second series (3) substantially define a bisector of the angle (a) formed between the elements of the first and third series (2, 4) . 7. A process as claimed in anyone of thè preceding claims, characterised in that it further comprises a further stretching step for stretching thè net-like article of manufacture (10) in an additional direction (13) transverse to thè first stretching direction (7), preferably thè first stretching direction (7) is not parallel to any extension direction of thè thread-like elements of thè first, second and third series. 7. A process as claimed in anyone of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises a further stretching step for stretching the net-like article of manufacture (10) in an additional direction (13) transverse to the first stretching direction (7 ), preferably the first stretching direction (7) is not parallel to any extension direction of the thread-like elements of the first, second and third series. 8. A process as claimed in anyone of thè preceding claims, characterised in that said first stretching direction (7) is substantially transverse and preferably orthogonal to thè moving forward direction (MD) during manufacture, and to thè longitudinal extension (8) of thè thread-like elements of thè second series (3). 8. A process as claimed in anyone of the preceding claims, characterized in that said first stretching direction (7) is substantially transverse and preferably orthogonal to the moving forward direction (MD) during manufacture, and to the longitudinal extension (8) of the thread-like elements of the second series (3). 9. A process as claimed in anyone of thè preceding claims, characterised in that said additional stretching direction (13) is transverse and preferably orthogonal to said first stretching direction (7), most preferably said additional stretching direction (13) being parallel to thè longitudinal extension direction (8) of thè thread-like elements of thè second series (3). 9. A process as claimed in anyone of the preceding claims, characterized in that said additional stretching direction (13) is transverse and preferably orthogonal to said first stretching direction (7), most preferably said additional stretching direction (13) being parallel to the longitudinal extension direction (8) of the thread-like elements of the second series (3). 10. A process as claimed in anyone of thè preceding claims, characterised in that it further comprises a step of associating at least one layer of filtering material (12) with thè stretched net-like article of manufacture, said layer of filtering material (12) being preferably associated with said first series (2) of thread-like elements and/or said third series (4) of thread thread-like elements. 10. A process as claimed in anyone of the preceding claims, characterized in that it further comprises a step of associating at least one layer of filtering material (12) with the stretched net-like article of manufacture, said layer of filtering material (12 ) being preferably associated with said first series (2) of thread-like elements and / or said third series (4) of thread thread-like elements. 11. A multiplanar net, in particular for draining fluids, comprising: ~ at least one first, one second and one third series (2, 3, 4) of thread-like elements (2a, 3a, 4a), thè thread-like elements (2a) of thè first series (2) being parallel to each other, thè thread-like elements (3a) of thè second series (3) being parallel to each other and thè thread-like elements (4a) of thè third series (4) being parallel to each other, thè thread-like elements of thè first series (2) lying in a first lying piane (A), thè thread-like elements of thè second series (3) lying in a second lying piane (B) and thè elements of thè third series (4) lying in a third lying piane (C), said lying planes (A, B, C) being mutualìy offset, - connecting knots (5) between thè thread-like elements of thè first series (2) and thè thread-like elements of thè second series (3); - connecting knots (6) between thè thread-like elements of thè second series (3) and thè thread-like elements of thè third series (4), characterised in that thè thread-like elements (3a) of thè second series (3) are stretched along their major extension direction (8), having a section in a piane orthogonal to thè major extension direction decreasing and then increasing on moving from a knot to thè next one.11. A multiplanar net, in particular for draining fluids, comprising: ~ at least one first, one second and one third series (2, 3, 4) of thread-like elements (2a, 3a, 4a), the thread-like elements (2a) of the first series (2) being parallel to each other, the thread-like elements (3a) of the second series (3) being parallel to each other and the thread-like elements (4a) of the third series (4) being parallel to each other, the thread-like elements of the first series (2) lying in a first lying piane (A), the thread-like elements of the second series (3) lying in a second lying piane (B) and the elements of the third series (4) lying in a third lying piane (C), said lying planes (A, B, C) being mutualìy offset, - connecting knots (5) between the thread-like elements of the first series (2) and the thread-like elements of the second series (3); - connecting knots (6) between the thread-like elements of the second series (3) and the thread-like elements of the third series (4), characterized in that the thread-like elements (3a) of the second series (3 ) are stretched along their major extension direction (8), having a section in a piane orthogonal to the major extension direction decreasing and then increasing on moving from a knot to the next one.
ITMI2009A000919A 2009-05-25 2009-05-25 PROCEDURE FOR MAKING STRETCH MULTIPLANAR NETWORKS IT1394408B1 (en)

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ITMI2009A000919A IT1394408B1 (en) 2009-05-25 2009-05-25 PROCEDURE FOR MAKING STRETCH MULTIPLANAR NETWORKS
US12/785,058 US20100294115A1 (en) 2009-05-25 2010-05-21 Method for production of multi-planar stretched nets
EP10163529A EP2264247B1 (en) 2009-05-25 2010-05-21 Method for production of a net
ES10163529T ES2387354T3 (en) 2009-05-25 2010-05-21 Method to produce a network
CN201010246529.3A CN101920566B (en) 2009-05-25 2010-05-24 Producing method for stretching nets with multi-aspect

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US20070218789A1 (en) * 2006-03-20 2007-09-20 Tenax S.P.A. Multilayer net for draining fluids, particularly for geotechnical use
EP2037046A1 (en) * 2007-09-17 2009-03-18 Tenax S.p.A. Draining and filtering net, particularly for geotechnical applications

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EP2264247B1 (en) 2012-06-27
EP2264247A1 (en) 2010-12-22
CN101920566A (en) 2010-12-22
ES2387354T3 (en) 2012-09-20
IT1394408B1 (en) 2012-06-15
US20100294115A1 (en) 2010-11-25
CN101920566B (en) 2015-01-14

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