ITCN20110011A1 - TROLLEY FOR LIFTING, TRANSPORTATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF CABLE, ROPE OR SIMILAR COILS - Google Patents

Description

DESCRIPTION of the invention having as title:

TROLLEY FOR LIFTING, TRANSPORTATION AND UNWINDING

OF COILS OF CABLES, ROPES, OR SIMILAR.

1- DESCRIPTION OF THE STATE OF THE TECHNIQUE

1.1- The present invention refers to a trolley 1 (fig. 1) for lifting, transporting and unwinding reels 3 (fig. 1} of cables, ropes or the like 2 (fig. 1), to be used, for example , on construction sites, in industrial environments, or in similar environments; we refer to the industrial building sector, and we refer to the most frequent case in which electrical cable lines must be installed, even of important lengths and with complete branches . In this situation it results that the installers of electrical systems find themselves having to maneuver and unwind, by hand, reels of electrical cables of considerable size and weight (width from about 50 to 150 cm and over - diameter from about 50 to 150 cm and This activity turns out to be particularly heavy and dangerous, as it is carried out in environments that are not yet final, in conditions of operational precariousness, in unbalanced positions, often with unsuitable means, or makeshift equipment such as ca traditional trays 4 (fig. 2) and the like, set up in voile precariously on site by the operators,

It should be noted that, as we will now see, the relative technological insufficiency expressed by the cable unwinding devices, known on the market, clashes when compared with the remarkable quality of the industrial technology developed for the reverse operation, that is, for the winding of cables on coils; in fact, in this sector, obviously in different environmental and productivity conditions, automated winding reels are used, in which the system automatically adapts to the dimensions of the reel, controls the winding tension, manages its stop when reaching a predetermined length of cables, etc. Having said this, in the light of this contrast, it is also believed that f carriages 1 (fig.

1) for the laying of cables and the like 2 (fig. 1) wound on reel (s) 3 (fig. 1), can take advantage of a reasoned technological innovation, adapted to specific operational needs.

1,2- KNOWN DEVICES- Among the equipment available on the market there are some devices, such as the simple adjustable height stands 5 (fig. 3), or the more complex devices 6 (fig. 4, 5), both of which have some characteristics that at the moment limit the achievement of an interesting diffusion. In the case of trestles with adjustable height 5 {Rg. 3), these limitations refer to the laboriousness of setting up on the ground, to the result, to the excessive attention required in making the positions of the stands coincide with the reel, to the amount of time that their use requires, to the consequent instability of the load, to the danger of accidents that could hit the operator during loading / unwinding / unloading maneuvers; in fact, the support surfaces on site are often irregular, or sloping, and at times unsuitable for guaranteeing sufficient stability and / or planarity of the unwinding axis of the reel 3 (fig, 1). The precarious stability, during the unwinding by manual traction 7 (fig. 3), causes an overturning component that tends to make the reel 3 (fig 3} fall from the supports, with evident conditions of danger and hindrance for those in the vicinity.

In the case of the more complex devices 6 (fig. 4), greater attention is paid to the safety aspect, since, at the end of the reel loading, it is surrounded by a cage 8 (fig. 4, 5) , which prevents accidental release; this constructive principle, however, forces to a laboriousness that requires a dangerous presence of the operator (and of the operator's limbs), in proximity to moving elements. Furthermore, it involves loading / unloading times that are not always compatible with the practical needs of the work to be performed, as it is necessary to provide for a large number of maneuvers in preordained succession, which generates confusion.

As regards the lifting, which is ingenious and simple in itself, it takes place through the action of a long first degree lever 9 {fig, 4}, at the end of which there is an eccentric which receives the axis of the reel. The operator acts by pulling downwards 10 (fig. 4) the end of the lever; this causes a minimum lifting of the reel 3 {fig. 4) from the ground, which allows the unwinding of the cable wound on it; the combination of these two construction principles, however, imposes limits of applicability, which mean that this device cannot be used to unwind most of the reels supplied by the market. In fact, for obvious construction reasons, each device 6 (fig. 4, 5) is sized to contain and lift only a certain type of coil 3 {fig. 4, 5), and this means that, which is not an incentive, in every paper mill there must be as many unwinders as there are types of reels to be unwound (telephone, signal, power cables, etc.) "

Please note that the lever lifting device just described cannot be applied to large and heavy reels (1500 kg and more), due to the excessive effort that would be required of the operator in acting on the lever. or due to the impracticality of the length of the lever that would be necessary to easily lift a reel of great weight.

A further drawback which arises in the use of known devices consists in the practical impossibility of moving the raised reel, and almost always not yet completely unwound, to different points on the construction site easily and safely; this possibility is of fundamental utility, especially when the site, as often happens, has an extension of thousands of square meters, and has dozens of unwinding points located in distant positions. Basically, it is not expected to be towed with adequate means. The trestles 4, 5 (fig. 2, 3) obviously do not allow such towability; while the devices 6 (fig. 4, 5}, allow a minimum maneuverability of adjustment by manual towing which, given the weight of the reels, allows to complete a few meters at a time, with hardly bearable efforts and dangers. are rather rudimentary, and are not equipped with an unwinding brake; this deficiency means that the reel 3 (fig. 2, 3, 4, 5), even tens of meters away from the operator / cable layer, once started the unrolling continues to unroll in an uncontrolled way, due to inertia; another important aspect is represented by the need for these devices to be reduced in a short time to small dimensions, and to be brought into working condition in just as short time, so that they can be transported even with small construction site vehicles, also taking up little space.

In the invention which will be described here, and of which the drawing tables are listed below, an attempt has been made to overcome the drawbacks indicated by creating a lifting device which, in its intentions, satisfies the many needs illustrated, and which can represent a standard. It has been designed so that the working width can be quickly adapted to the width of the reels, that it can be used with the majority of reels on the market, whose lifting can be easily carried out safely by the operator, by hand or by means of transport. auxiliaries, which can unwind several reels at the same time, which has an adjustable braking device for the unwinding, whose dimensions for transport can be quickly reduced, which can be maneuvered manually by a single operator Safely on the construction site, and / or between adjacent construction sites , possibly also with reel (s) on board, which can also be towed for longer distances by towing vehicles usually available on site (forklifts, quads, small tractors, small excavators), in order to facilitate the effectiveness of reaching the different laying points cables,

2 - DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Fig, 1 Innovative trolley for laying cables and the like wound on reel (s)

Fig- 2, 3, 4, 5 Traditional devices for laying cables and the like wound on reel (s)

Fig, 6 Innovative trolley, side view

Fig 7 Innovative trolley, plan view

Fig. 8 Innovative trolley, seen from the handling area

Fig, 9 Hooking plate for lifting the reel (s) (view from I, in fig. 6)

Fig. 10 Tubular element and support cones of the reel (s)

Fig.1t Support cone of the coil (s) [section ll-Il, indicated in fig, 10)

Fig. 12 Hydraulic device for manual lifting of the reel (s)

Fig. 13 Hydraulic motorized lifting device of the reel (s)

Fig. 14 Support structure with compass opening (other embodiment)

Fig. 15 Detail of the compass opening (sections llt-lil and IV-IV, indicated in fig. 14) Fig. 16 Safety brake unit

Fig. 17 Safety brake assembly [view from V, indicated in fig. 16)

Fig. 18 Safety brake assembly [other embodiment)

Fig. 1 Safety brake assembly (view from VI, indicated in fig. 18)

Fig. 20 Rocker arm lifting structure (high embodiment)

Fig. 21, 22 The towing unit (optional)

Fig, 23 The group of additional wheels (optional)

Fig. 24 Lifting structure for high loads (other embodiment)

3- DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

3.1- THE TECHNICAL SOLUTIONS - The Inventive principle object of the present patent application, incorporates a set of technical solutions amalgamated in an organic way, which are now described in the embodiment considered as generic; other minimal variants of the embodiment, or accessory parts, always falling within the inventive unit that distinguishes the present project, will be illustrated below. of the manual operations required, and therefore paying attention to the consequent practical needs of the operator; in fact, account was taken of the lack of equipment, keys, etc., which generally occurs in construction site activities, and of the consequent difficulties and dangers that this precautionary structural situation sometimes generates, especially if one resorts to the use of precarious equipment and The trolley has therefore been designed so that the repetitive operations of use, adjustment, handling, transport and storage of the trolley itself can be carried out safely, quickly, accurately and with reduced effort for the operator, without the need for resort to the use of other keys, handles, knobs, adjustment and safety equipment in addition to those with which the trolley is equipped. In its generic embodiment, the trolley for laying cables and the like wound on reel (s) 3 (Fig. 1] comprises five main groups: the support structure 11 [Fig. 1}, the lifting structure 12 (Fig. . 1), the unwinding and safety brake assembly 13 (fig. 1), the manual handling group 14 (fig. 1). There are also other optional groups, and other partial embodiments, which we will illustrate in following.

3.2- THE SUPPORT STRUCTURE - The support structure 11 (fig. 1), includes a tubular beam 16 (fig. 6, 7), which includes two pivoting wheels 17 (fig. 6, 7), and includes two beams 18 (fig 6, 7) At one end of each of the beams 18 (fig. 6, 7), there are wheels 23 (fig. 6, 7), integral with these beams 18 (fig. 6, 7); wheels which, together with high pivoting wheels 17 (fig 6, 7) to the trolley 1 (fig. 1) to be moved when necessary. The opposite end of the two beams 18 (fig. 6, 7), has a female element 19 (fig. 6, 7), tubular in shape, which mates smoothly and precisely with the beam 16 (fig. 6, 7) tubular, and includes an adjustable support device 24 (fig. 6, 7) with screw, with handle 29 (fig. 6, 7), to be maneuvered to ensure the stability of the trolley during the unwinding of the reel (s) 3 (fig. 6, 7). The tubular-shaped female element 19 (fig. 7) comprises a screw fastening device 20 (fig. 6) with adjustable lever 21 (fig. 6, 7), which screw, acting on the plate 22 (fig. 6), causes the firm rapid tightening / release of the beam 18 (fig. 6, 7) with respect to the tubular beam 16 (fig. 7), which the operator can therefore maneuver without the aid of keys. In this way the two beams 18 (fig. 6, 7) can be rapidly approached or removed, maintaining the relative parallelism, according to the width of the said coils 3 (fig. 1, 7), and then firmly locked by hand in the their working position

3.3- THE LIFTING STRUCTURE - the lifting structure 12 (fig. 1}, includes two levers 25 (fig. 6. 7) hinged at one end in the axis 26 (fig, 6, 7) on the respective beams 18 (fig. . 6, 7), and free to oscillate around the axis 26 (fig. 6, 7); the other end of the two levers 25 (fig. 6, 7) has a hook-shaped element 27 (fig. 6, 7, 9), adapted to contain the cylindrical element 28 (fig. 6, 7, 9) around which the reel 3 rotates (fig. 1, 6, 7}. This hook 27 (fig. 9) is composed of two plates 149 (fig. 9) integral with the lever 25 (fig. 9), between which plates 149 (fig. 9) are firmly placed two pins 30 (fig. 9) which support two rollers 32 (fig. 9) equipped with rolling bearings, free to rotate around the axis 31 (fig. 9), and therefore accompany the unwinding effort of the cable 2 (fig 1) from the reel (s) 3 (fig. 1) with low friction. 1) The plates 149 (fig. 9} also have two threaded holes 65 (fig.

17), which, as we will see, will be used for the connection of the safety brake group. The two levers 25 (fig. 6, 7) furthermore each have, in the intermediate zone, a pin 38 (fig. 6) firmly fixed to them, on which, as we shall see, the lifting force is applied, and two studs 53 ( fig. 6, 16) firmly fixed to them, between which the safety brake unit 13 is hinged (fig. 1), as we shall see, free to rotate to the relative axis 54 (fig. 16). The lifting structure 12 (fig. 1) then comprises a telescopic device 33 (fig. 6 * 7), with screw, operated with handle 34 (fig. 6); it comprises a tubular 35 (fig. 6) whose lower end is hinged on the beam 18 (fig 6) in the axis 36 (fig 6), a tubular 35 (fig. 6) which is therefore free to oscillate around this axis 36 (fig, 6) The upper end of tubular 35 (fig. 6) finally includes a nut screw 39 (fig. 6)

This telescopic device 33 (fig. 6 7) with screw, in the upper part comprises a tubular 40 (fig. 6) which is coupled in a precise and sliding manner with the tubular 35 (fig. 6), and comprises a partially threaded bar 41 (fig. 6), with trapezoidal thread, which engages with precise play in the nut screw 39 (fig. 6); the tubular 40 (fig, 8) has a boss 37 (fig 6) which comprises a hole for receiving the pin 38 (fig, 6) integral with the respective levers 25 (fig. 6, 7); in this way, the tubular 35 (fig. 6) (and therefore the telescopic screw device 33 (fig. 6, 7) which includes it), is free to swing

to axis 52 (fig. 6) during the lifting / lowering movement of the reels 3 (fig. 1, 6, 7).

The upper end of this tubular 40 (fig. 6) is closed, and has a hole capable of receiving with play the upper part of the threaded bar 41 (fig. 6}. This threaded bar 41 (fig. 6) has a shoulder 42 (fig. 6), suitable for transmitting the lifting load said reel (s) to the roller bearing 43 (fig. 6) and from there to the tubular 40 (fig. 6), the end part of the threaded rod 41 ( fig. 6), is then connected in a firm way with the handle 34 (fig. 6}, through whose manual rotation, the operator safely and easily and precisely executes the notation of the threaded rod 41 (fig. 6) at the inside of the nut screw 39 (fig. 6), and therefore the raising / lowering of the reel (s) 3 (fig. 1, 6, 7).

3.4 'THE UNWINDING GROUP - The unwinding and safety brake unit 13 (fig. 1), includes the unwinding group of the reel (s), and includes a cylindrical element 28 (fig. 6, 7 which can also receive several coils 3 (fig. 1) side by side, and which has on one side a centering and braking disk 44 (fig 7, 10); this cylindrical element 28 (fig. 10) receives the cones of 45 in a sliding and precise manner , 48 (fig. 6, 10, 11), These cones 45, 46 (fig. 10, 11) are positioned by the operator, in order to be able to join the coil (s) 3 stably and without eccentricity (fig. 1 , 6, 7, 10) with the cylindrical element 28 (fig. 6, 7, 10) around which they will be made to unwind; these cones have been so as to present a rapidity and simplicity of operation, without having to resort 'use of tools and wrenches. In particular, the taper has been calculated both in order to be able to adapt to the different internal diameters, and in order to avoid the occurrence of driving t ra cones and coils; plantings that would make the dismantling of empty reels laborious. They are made of aluminum or technopolymers, materials that have characteristics of lightness, strength and elasticity; as regards the locking method, they have a slot 47 (fig. 11), crossed by a hole 48 (fig. 11), which receives a locking device 49 (fig. 10, 11) with screw and eccentric 50 ( fig. 11} with foldable lever 51 (fig. 11), similar to the devices used for the quick clamping of the hubs of racing bicycles.

The operator, with the reel still on the ground, inserts and positions the first cone 45 (fig. 10) on the cylindrical element 28 (fig. 10), applies a force on the folding handle 51 (fig. 10 * 11), and to elastic deformation a sufficient adherence of the internal diameter of the cone to the cylindrical element 28 (ftg. 10, 11). The firm and rapid union of the first cone on the cylindrical element 28 (fig. 6, 7, 10, 11) itself is thus guaranteed. The operator then places the cylindrical element 28 (fig, 10) in the hole of the coil 3 (fig.

10), insert and position the second cone 45 (fig. 10) on the cylindrical element 28 (fig. 10), so that the reel rests on both cones 45 (fig. 10} without play; then applies a force on the folding lever 51 (fig. 10, 11) of the second cone just installed, and thus obtains the firm and rapid union of the second cone on the cylindrical element 28 (fig. 6, 7, 10, 11), and the simultaneous secure fit and precise of the reel 3 (fig, 10} on the cylindrical element 28 (fig. 10} itself. In this way the reel is ready to be taken over by the trolley 1 (fig, 1, 6, 7)), which is approached to coil 3 (fig, 10) still on the ground,

3.5- the SAFETY BRAKE UNIT - The unwinding and safety brake unit 13 (fig. 1) includes a braking plate 55 (fig. 16, 17), which has a pin 56 (fig. 16, 17) , by which said braking plate is hinged in the respective studs 53 (fig. 16, 17), and is free to rotate around axis 54 (fig. 16, 17); this braking plate 55 (fig. 16, 17) has at the other end a fork 57 (fig. 16), which comprises a hole 58 (fig. 16), which receives a respective pin 59 with precise play (fig, 16) , 17) equipped with handle 60 (fig. 16), connected with a chain 68 (ps, 16), to avoid loss, to the same safety brake unit 13 (fig. 1). 61 (fig. 16), slightly larger than the diameter of the cylindrical element 28 (fig. 16); the braking plate 55 (fig, 16) comprises a quick clamping device 62 (fig. 17) with screw with adjustable lever 63 (fig, 16, 17), free to rotate with precise play around the axis 64 (fig. 16, 17), whose end part is to be screwed firmly into the relative threaded hole 65 (fig, 17), this quick clamping device 62 (fig. 16, 17), although it is free to rotate on itself, when it is not screwed into the relative threaded hole 65 (fig. 17), it remains integral with the braking plate 55 (fig. 16), as it is stopped in its position on one side by means of a seeger sealing ring 66 (fig. 17) , and on the opposite side from the base of the adjustable handle 63 (fig, 16). In particular, cup springs 67 (fig. 16) are located between the base of the handle 63 (fig. 17) and the braking plate 55 (fig. 17); they have the task of both counteracting the loosening of the handle itself as a result of any vibration phenomena in operation, and allowing the absorption of any overpressures that could be created between the braking plate 55 (fig. 16) and the disc centering and braking 44 (fig. 10, 16, 17), as a result, for example, of irregularities or anomalous wear between surfaces in contact. In order to guarantee braking uniformity and limit wear, the areas of the braking plate 55 (fig 17) and of the plate 149 (fig. 9, 17) which are in contact with the centering and braking disc 44 ( fig. 17), are lined with a 69 (fig, 17) made of anti-friction material.

As regards the way of using said safety brake device 13 (fig, 1), it is as follows; the operator carries out the operations of loading and lifting the reel 3 (fig. 1, 6, 7), moving the trolley 1 (fig. 1, 6, 7) and acting one at a time on the two telescopic devices 33 (fig. 6) , 7) with screw, so that the coil 3 (fig. 1, 6, 7) is raised by what is necessary (a few centimeters), and therefore both ends of the cylindrical element 28 (fig. 10) each rest on the rollers 32 (fig. 9, 17), and so that the centering and braking disk 44 (fig. 10, 17) is located in proximity to the plate 149 (fig. 17); to be precise, in contact with the 69 (fig. 17) made of anti-friction material, integral with the same plate 149 (fig. 17). After this, the plate 55 (fig. 16, 17) is made to rotate forward, around the axis 54 (fig. 16, 17), until it is possible to screw the quick clamping device 62 (fig. 16, 17). ) with screw with adjustable lever 63 (fig. 16, 17) in the relative threaded hole 65 (fig.

17); this quick clamping device 62 (fig. 16, 17) is gradually closed by hand by the operator, until a friction force is created between the 69 (fig. 17) made up of anti-friction material, and the centering and braking disc 44 ( fig. 17). Force that must also be calibrated according to the weight of the reel to be unwound, echo, so that it is strong enough to prevent unwanted unwinding of reel 3 (fig. 1, 6, 7) itself, but that it is sufficiently weak not to impose an excessive tractive effort to the operator responsible for unwinding the cable and yes

3.6- SAFETY STOP Anti-FALLING OF THE COIL - As you can see from fig. 16, 17, plate 55 (fig 17) has been designed so as to perform in a single operation, in addition to the brake function just described, also the anti-fall safety stop function of coil 3 (fig, 1) from the lifting structure 12 (fig. 1). In fact, when the plate 55 (fig. 17) has been rotated and stopped in the braking position by screwing the quick clamping device 62 (fig. 16, 17} into the relative threaded hole 65 (fig. 17), it also occurs that the fork 57 (fig. 16) wraps the terminal part of the cylindrical element 28 (fig. 16, 17) which supports the coil 3 (fig. 1); in this situation, the operator can now insert the pin 59 (fig. 16) into the holes 58 (fig. 16), so as to create a sturdy barrier against the possible risk that, for fortuitous reasons, due to excessive traction, due to wobbling of the carriage 1 (fig. 1), the coil 3 (fig. 1) ) can leave contact with the lifting hook 27 (fig. 7, 9), and roll away from the trolley 1 (fig. 1). As can be seen from the drawings, the position and orientation of the pin 59 (fig. 16), installed in holes 58 (fig. 16), is also favorable from an accident prevention point of view, as its installation and removal can be performed quickly. idly without the aid of tools, while its length and its almost vertical position have been deliberately designed in order to prevent it from slipping out by accident, vibrations, echo.,

3.7- STANDARDIZATION OF COMPONENTS AND SYMMETRIC INSTALLATION- For reasons of component standardization and symmetrical assembly possibility, given the simplicity of the components themselves, given the relatively low economic impact, and given the advantages in terms of safety that this entails, it should be noted that the same components of the safety brake unit just described, have been designed so that they can be installed on both sides of the cart; this solution allows, in fact, if there are impositions dictated by the lay-outs or by the absence of spaces available on construction sites, to install the cylindrical element 28 (fig. 10) (which can be much longer than the reel being used) , orienting the train disc 44 (fig. 7) either on one side or on the opposite side of the trolley 1 (fig. 7) itself, without having to intervene on the mechanical components of the trolley itself. In practice, on both sides of the trolley it is possible to insert the pins 59 (fig. 16) into the holes 58 (fig. 16} from a frontal position, so as to create a barrier to any risk on both sides. that the reel 3 (fig. 7) can roll away from the trolley 1 (fig. 7); while from one of the two sides of the trolley 1 (fig. 6, 7) (for example, on the side that presents less difficulty in accessing in the sometimes narrow spaces of construction sites), it is possible to adjust the safety brake of fig. 16, 17.

3.8 <,> THE GROUP FOR THE MANUAL - the group for manual handling 14 (fig. 8) for manual handling, is a component whose presence, even if used infrequently, is always necessary; its presence, on the other hand, creates difficulties in case of need for stowage in warehouses, or for transport on vehicles, to and from the work sites. For these reasons it has been designed so that it can be easily disassembled and installed by the operator, without the need to use keys or equipment; the handlebar 70 (fig. 8) is made up of two tubulars 71, 72 (fig. 8) joined by stiffening beams 73, 74 (fig. 8), tubulars 71, 72 {fig, 8) which are inserted by hand with precise play in the prepared holes 74 (fig. 8) made in beam 16 (fig. 7, 8). These tubulars 71, 72 (fig. 8) have in the lower part two radial holes 75 (fig 8) passing through: after inserting the handlebar 70 (fig. 8) into holes 74 (fig. 8), the operator inserts into the two holes 75 (fig. 8) the relative pins 76 (fig, 8} with folding safety eyelet 77 (fig. 8) (used for example in the agricultural sector), and rotates these folding safety eyelets around the lower end of the tubulars 71, 72 (fig, 8), so that accidental slippage of the pins 76 (fig, 8) itself cannot occur. , performs the reverse operation.

OTHER FORMS OF REALIZATION AND OPTIONS

3.9- THE TOWING UNIT - There are cases in which, for example in large construction sites, it is necessary to move the trolley for relatively long stretches, which are difficult to perform manually; for this case, a towing unit 15 has been devised (fig. 1, 21) which includes a towing bar 78 [fig. 21, 22), articulated in two points by means of two quick couplings with teeth 30 (fig. 21, 22} (used for example in the agricultural sector), so as to be able to adapt to any different heights of the tow hook 79 (fig. One end of the tow bar 78 (fig. 21) has the hooking eye 31 (fig. 21), while the other end has a C-shaped element, 82 (fig. 21). 22), which has two holes 83 (fig. 21); as regards the center distance, these holes 83 (fig 21) are made so as to coincide with the holes 74 (fig. 8) existing on beam 16 (fig. . 8), created in order to be able to insert the tubulars 71, 72 (fig. 8) of the handlebar 70 (fig. 8) (see description in the previous point). equipped with a tow bar, the operator then removes the handlebar 70 (fig, 8) following the operating procedure indicated in the previous point, installs the tow bar 78 (fig, 21) on the beam 16 (fig, 21), makes the two mate holes 83 (fig. 21) with kings respective holes 74 (fig, 8) arranged on beam 16 (fig. 8, 21), and slips into them by hand the tubulars 71, 72 (fig. 8) of the handlebar 70 (fig, 8). In this way, using a simplifying solution, the tubulars 71, 72 (fig, 9) of the handlebar 70 (fig, 8), act as pins for anchoring both the handlebar 70 (fig. 3, 21, 22) itself. , that of the drive unit 15 (fig. 1, 21, 22). . Also in this case, the operator then inserts into the two holes 75 (fig. 8, 21) the relative pins 76 (fig. 8, 21) with folding safety eyelet 77 (fig. S, 21) (in use for example in the agricultural sector), and rotates these safety folding eyelets around the lower end of the tubulars 71, 72 (fig, 8, 21) 'so that accidental slipping of the pins 76 (fig, 8, 21) cannot occur ,

s to- ÌL GROUP OF ADDITIONAL WHEELS (OPTIONAL} - It appears that sometimes, given you objective situations, depending on the construction sites, environmental conditions, etc. not very finished and uniform; to obviate the consequent difficulties, an additional wheel assembly 64 (fig. 23), of greater dimensions and widths, has been prepared, in order to mainly facilitate towing operations with vehicles and without reel on board, and possibly with reduced reel load conditions, also Sa simple manual handling. This optional group includes a pair of wheels 85 (fig. 23) mounted on a pin 86 (fig. 23), to be inserted by hand with precise play in the holes 87 (fig. 6, 23) prepared, made in the beam 18 (fig, 6, 23). These pins 86 (fig, 23) have in the extreme part a radial hole 88 (fig. 23) passing through: after inserting the pins 86 (fig, 23) of the two additional wheels 84 (fig, 23) in the holes 87 (fig. 2 3), the operator inserts into the holes 88 (fig. 23) the relative pins 89 (fig, 23) with folding safety eyelet 90 (fig. 23) (used for example in the agricultural sector), and rotates these folding safety eyelets around the end of the pins 86 (fig. 23), so that the pins 90 [fig, 23), and therefore of the wheels, cannot accidentally occur.

3.11- THE HYDRAULIC LIFTING STRUCTURE, MANUAL (OTHER FORM OF) -As you can guess by observing the geometry of the lifting structure, 12 (fig, 1), it is necessary and / or convenient that the points of application of the lifting force they are placed further back; in this way, with the same excursion of the telescopic device 33 (fig. 6, 7), a greater excursion of the reel hooking area is obtained, thus being able to handle reels of greater diameter and weight. For obvious reasons, this negative variation in the leverage ratios between the levers entails a greater human effort in hegira on the screw-type telescopic device 33 (fig. 6, 7): an effort that could be too high. In the light of what has just been observed, an embodiment of the present invention is now described, limitedly to a part of the lifting structure 12 (fig-1), in which the telescopic device 33 (fig. 6, 7), with screw, operated with handle 34 (fig. 6), it is replaced by a more suitable hydraulic device 114 (fig. 12), manual; this device comprises an oil tank 116 (fig. 12), a manual hydraulic pump 117 (fig. 12), a two-way distributor 118 (fig. 12) place them in the area of the beam 16 (fig. 6, 7), two single-acting hydraulic cylinders 115 (fig. 12), hinged as already described for the telescopic device 33 (fig. 6, 7). The cylinders 115 (fig. 12) are connected to the distributor 118 (fig. 12) by means of flexible pipes 119 (fig. 12), in order to compensate for the different widths of the coils 3 (fig. 1); pipes that are connected to! distributor through quick couplings 120 (fig, 12) with non-return valve. The reel lifting operation is performed by repeatedly lowering and lifting lever 121 (fig, 12) of pump 117 (fig, 12), until the desired height is reached. The reel lowering operation is performed by acting on the unloading lever 122 (fig. 12) of pump 117 (fig. 12). In case it is necessary to detach the support structure from the lifting structure, for example for transport purposes on company vehicles or to store it disassembled in the warehouse, the operator quickly by hand the quick couplings 120 (fig. 12) with valve non-return, in order to disconnect the hydraulic system.

3.12- THE HYDRAULIC LIFTING STRUCTURE, MOTORIZED (OTHER EMBODIMENT) For the same reasons reported in the previous point, an embodiment of the present invention is now described, limited to a part of the lifting structure 12 (fig. 1) , in which the telescopic device 33 (fig. 6, 7), with screw, operated with handle 34 (fig. 6), is replaced by a hydraulic device 123 (fig. 13), motorized; this device comprises an oil tank 116 [fig.

13), a hydraulic pump 124 (fig, 13) driven by an energy source 126 (fig. 13) (for example, electric motor), a control valve 127 (fig, 13) with control lever 128 (fig. 13), a two-way distributor 125 (fig. 13) placed in the area of the beam 16 (fig. 6, 7), two single-acting hydraulic cylinders 115 (fig. 13), hinged as already described for the telescopic device 33 (fig. 6, 7). the cylinders 115 (fig. 13) are connected to the distributor 125 (fig. 13) by means of flexible pipes 119 (fig 13), so as to compensate for different widths of the coils 3 (fig. 1); pipes that are connected to the distributor by means of quick couplings 120 (fig, 13} with non-return valve. The reel lifting / lowering operations are carried out by acting on the lever 128 (fig. 13) of the valve 127 (fig. 13), up to when the desired height is reached. In the event that the support structure must be detached from the lifting structure, for example for transport purposes on company vehicles or for disassembled transport to the warehouse, the operator quickly unzips the quick couplings by hand 120 (fig. 13) with non-return valve, so as to cut off ('Hydraulic system. As regards the type of motor 126 (fig. 13), it can be electric, provided that it is possible to reach the trolley with a 'electrical power supply 129 (fig. 13); apart from the overall dimensions on board, weight, and cost, the motive power for lifting can be supplied by an autonomous energy generator unit 130 (fig. 13), possibly placed on the trolley 1 (fig. 1) same.

3.13- THE COMPASS OPENING SUPPORT STRUCTURE (OTHER FORM Di) - A second embodiment of the present invention is now described, limited to a part of the support structure 11 (fig. 1), in which the two beams 18 (fig. 6, 7), for reasons of size reduction in the transport phase, they can be folded rather than removed; the embodiment of the present support structure 101 (fig. 14, 15), has two beams 102 and 103 (fig. 14, 15} which are hinged to the beam 104 (fig. 20) as we shall see. 102, 103 (fig. 14), from the functional point of view, are equivalent to the two beams 18 (fig. 6, 7) described in the first embodiment. 104 (fig. 14), at one end comprises two plates 105 (fig. 14, 15) integral with beam 104 (fig. 14), ie which comprise two holes 106 (fig. 15); beam 103 (fig. 14) comprises a hole 107 at one end [fig. 15), and at the other end the wheels 26 (fig. 6) for resting on the ground, already described. The beam 103 (fig. 14) is therefore hinged with the beam 104 (fig. 14, 15) by means of the pin 108 (fig. 14, 15}, inserted in the holes 106 and 107 (fig, 15); beam 103 ( fig. 14) which is therefore free to oscillate with precise play on axis 109 (fig. 14, 15). In order to firmly hold the beams in the open position, and thus avoid dangerous movements during the unwinding of the reel,! and plates 105 and the beam 102 (fig. 15) respectively have a second hole 110, 111 (fig. 15), coincident, in which the operator, after opening the beam 102 (fig. 14} In a perpendicular position, inserts the pin 112 (fig, 14, 15).

The support structure 101 (fig. 14, 15}, then comprises a female element 113 (fig. 14), tubular in shape, which mates smoothly and precisely with the tubular beam 104 {fig, 14}, which includes the adjustable support device 24 (fig. 14), already described also in fig, 6; this beam 104 (fig * 14), also includes two plates 105 (fig. 14, 15), which also include these two holes 106 (fig. 15).

The beam 102 (fig. 14) comprises a hole 107 at one end (fig. 15), and at the other end the wheels 26 (fig. 6) for resting on the ground, already described.

The beam 102 (fig. 14) is therefore hinged with the female element 113 (fig. 14) in a tubular shape, by means of the pin 108 (fig. 14, 15}, inserted in the holes 106 and 107 (fig. 15); beam which is therefore free to oscillate with precise play around axis 147 (fig. 14, 15). beam 102 (fig. 15) have a second hole 110, 111 (fig. 15) respectively, coincident, in which the operator, after opening the beam 102 (fig. 14) in a perpendicular position, inserts the pin 112 ( fig. 14, 15),

The female element 113 (fig, 14) in tubular shape, also includes the quick clamping device 20, 21 (fig, 14) already described in fig. 6 and 7, for the firm rapid tightening / release of the female element 113 (fig, 14), and therefore obtaining the firm rapid clamping / release of the beam 1 (fig, 14), with respect to the beam 104 (fig, 14).

3.14- THE SAFETY BRAKE ASSEMBLY (OTHER FORM OF} - YES now describes an embodiment of the present invention, limited to the safety brake assembly 13 (fig, 1); the present embodiment 131 (fig 18 , 19), comprises a braking lever 132 (fig. 18, 19), which has a pin 133 in the central area (fig, 18, 19), by means of which said braking plate is hinged in the respective bosses 134 (fig. 18, 19), and is free to rotate around axis 135 (fig. 18, 19); this braking plate 132 (fig. 18, 19) comprises at one end a hole 138 (fig. 19) which receives a screw with adjustable lever 136 (fig. 18, 19), free to rotate with precise play around axis 137 (fig. 18, 19), whose action is opposed by a helical spring 148 (fig, 19). This lever 132 (fig. 18, 19} includes at the opposite end a pin 143 (fig. 18), on which pin is installed a roller 141 (fig. 18. 19), free to rotate with precise play with respect to axis 142 (fig. 18, 19). In order to guarantee braking uniformity and limit wear, the area of the braking plate 139 (fig. 19) which is in contact with the centering and braking disc 44 (fig, 19), is covered with a jacket 140 (fig. 19) of anti-friction material

As regards the way of use of this safety brake device 131 (fig. 18, 19), it is the same as already described in point 3.5; once the centering and braking disk 44 (fig. 19) has been placed between the plate 139 (fig. 19) and the roller 141 (fig. 19). the operator rotates the screw with adjustable lever 136 (fig, 18 * 19) gradually by hand, until a friction force is created between the plate 140 (fig 19) in anti-friction material, and the centering and braking disc 44 (fig, 19), Force that must also be calibrated on the basis of the weight of the reel to be unwound, etc., so that it is strong enough to prevent unwanted unwinding of the reel / s 3 (fig. 1) itself, but that is sufficiently weak not to impose an excessive fraction effort on the operator responsible for unwinding the cable and the like 2 (fig, 2).

With respect to the safety brake unit described in point 3.5 and in fig. 14 and 16, the construction embodiment just described needs to be completed with the insertion of a safety stop device to prevent the coil from falling; it consists of a safety pin 144 (fig. 18) connected to plate 139 (fig. 18) by means of a chain 146 (fig. 18), safety pin 144 (fig. 18) which, before starting the operation unwinding of the reel, the operator inserts by hand into the holes 145 (fig, 18) obtained in the plate 139 (fig, 18), which must be removed before starting the reel unloading operation,

3.15- THE BALANCER LIFTING STRUCTURE (OTHER EMBODIMENT} - YES now describe an embodiment of the present invention, limitedly to a part of the lifting structure 12 (fig. 1); the present embodiment 91 (fig. 20), allows to keep the orientation of the hook-shaped element 92 (fig. 20) unchanged. In any position it is raised or lowered. This hook-shaped element 92 (fig. 20), contains the cylindrical element 28 [fig. 20) around which the reel rotates, and is similar to the hook-shaped element 27 (fig.

6, 7. 9) already described; in fact it too comprises the rollers 32 (fig. 9, 29) with rolling bearings, free to rotate and therefore accompany the unwinding effort of the cable 2 (fig. 1) from the reel (s) 3 with low friction { fig, 1). Unlike the constructive form described in fig. 6 and 7, from which it is derived, this constructive form 91 (fig. 20) comprises two levers 93 (fig. 20) hinged at one end in the axis 95 (fig. 20) on the plates 100 (fig. 20) integral with the respective beams 94 (fig. 20); these levers 93 are free to oscillate around the axis 95 (fig. 20). The other end of the two levers 93 (fig. 20) is hinged in the axis 96 (fig. 20) with the hook-shaped element 92 (fig. 20) mentioned above, which is therefore free to swing around axis 96 (fig. 20) itself,

This constructive form 91 (fig. 20) then comprises two other levers 97 (fig. 20) hinged at one end in the axis 98 (fig. 20) with the plates 100 (fig. 20) integral with the respective beams 94 (fig. . 20); these levers 97 (fig. 20) are therefore free to oscillate around the axis 98 (fig. 20). The other end of the two levers 97 (fig, 20} is hinged precisely in the axis 99 (fig. 20) in the hook-shaped element 92 (fig.

20) of which it has been said, which is therefore free to oscillate around axis 99 (fig, 20) itself; as you can see, the joint 91 {fig. 20) thus conceived, constitutes an articulated quadrilateral, which has the characteristic of keeping the orientation of the hook-shaped element 92 (fig. 20) unchanged, in any position it is raised or lowered. Although this construction option is more laborious, it can be useful in cases where it is necessary to ensure greater stability of the take-up of the reel 3 (fig, 1).

3.1B- THE LIFTING STRUCTURE FOR HIGH LOADS (OTHER FORM OF) -An embodiment of the present invention is now described, again limited to a part of the structure of 1 2 (fig, 1); unlike the constructive form described in fig. 6 and 7, from which it is derived, this constructive form 151 (fig, 24} constructively more laborious, allows the axis of oscillation of the lifting lever 153 (fig. 24) to coincide with the geometric axis 152 (fig. . 24) of beam 154 (fig. 24). This version is considered advantageous in the versions for high loads, since, with the same overall dimensions, it has favorable lever ratios (which induce less lifting effort), combined with greater strength. It comprises a cylindrical tubular beam 154 (fig. 24), two beams 155 (fig. 24), and two levers 153 (fig 24}, which have the same functions already described for the equivalent components 16, 18 and 25 ( fig. 6, 7); in this case, the lever 153 (fig. 24} for lifting the reel (s) 3 (fig. 1}) has a hole 156 (fig. 24} which fits with precise play on the beam 154 (fig. 24) * This lever 153 (fig. 24) is therefore free to oscillate around the geometric axis 152 (fig 24) of the beam 154 (fig, 24); axis 152 (fig, 24) } which represents the equivalent of axis 26 (fig.

6, 7), to which the lifting lever 25 swings (fig. 6, 7}. As can be seen, the beam 154 [fig. 24), necessarily of large diameter, thus acts both as a structural component of the trolley 1 ( fig. 1}, which acts as a sturdy pivot and fulcrum of the lever 153 (fig. 24),

3.17- THE LIFTING AREA FOR GRIPPING WITH VEHICLES EQUIPPED WITH FORKS - For some versions of high size and weight, the support structure of the trolley 1 (fig. 1) is equipped with special housings 150 (fig. 6), in which the operator inserts the forks of the means of transport, such as forklifts, and the like, in order to be able to move this trolley safely.

Claims (1)

CLAIMS of the Invention entitled: TROLLEY FOR LIFTING, TRANSPORTING AND UNWINDING REELS OF CABLES, ROPES, OR SIMILAR. 1- Trolley 1 for lifting, transporting and unwinding reels 3 of cables, ropes or the like, which comprises one or more wheels 17, 23, at least one unit for manual handling 14, at least one cylindrical element 28 on which it rotates the at least one reel (s) 3, characterized in that it comprises at least one support structure 11, 101 which comprises at least one adjustable support device 24 to ensure the stability of the trolley 1, support structure 11, 101 which comprises at least one beam 18, 102, 103, 94, 155 of support, in which the position in the space of said at least one beam 18, 102, 103, 94, 155 supporting the at least one reel 3 is rapidly variable with respect to the trolley 1 itself, to adapt to the different widths of the reel (s) 3, in which said at least one support beam 18, 102, 103, 94, 155 are detachable and / or removable and / or foldable quickly, to adapt to the needs of transport and / or storage of the trolley 1 itself, at least a lifting structure 12, 91, 151, in which the position in space of the at least one cylindrical element 28 on which the reel / s 3 rotates, is rapidly variable without interruption to adapt to the different external diameters of the reel / s 3 , at least one lifting device 33, 114, 123, in which the energy used is manual, and / or pneumatic, and / or hydraulic, and / or electric, etc., at least one unwinding and safety brake unit 13, 131, in which the diameter on which the at least one reel 3 is installed is variable and rapidly adaptable to the different diameters of the central hole of the at least one reel (s) 3, in which the resistance to rotation of the at least one reel 3 is rapidly adjustable by means of at least a quick clamping device 62, 136, at least one anti-fall device of the reel (s) 3 from the trolley 1 itself, which comprises at least one pin 59, 144, at least one towing assembly 15 of the trolley 1 and at least one group of additional wheels 84, for to allow towing of the trolley 1 by means of traditional transport means, in which the connections of these groups with the trolley 1 occur rapidly, at least one seat 150 for lifting and / or transporting the trolley 1 by means of transport means equipped with forks, such as mulets, tractors, quads, etc., in which the use of said trolley 1 does not require the use of other keys and / or tools by the operator. 2- Camello 1 for lifting, transporting and unwinding reels 3 of cables, ropes or the like, in accordance with claim 1, characterized by the fact that the support structure 11 comprises at least one beam 16 and at least one beam 18, beam 18 which comprises at least one female element 19 which mates in a sliding and precise manner with the at least one beam 16, in which said at least one female element 19 comprises at least a quick clamping device 20, 21, which generates the rapid connection of the beam 18 with respect to the at least one beam 16, in which the at least one beam 18 can be made to slide rapidly with respect to the at least one beam 16, depending on the width of the reel (s) 3, and then securely locked by hand in their position by means of at least one quick clamping device 20, 21. 3- Trolley 1 for lifting, transporting and unwinding reels 3 of cables, ropes or the like, in accordance with claim 1, characterized in that it comprises the support structure 101 which comprises at least one beam 104, 102 and 103, in which the beam 104 comprises towards one end at least one plate 105 which includes at least one hole 106, in which the beam 103 comprises at least one hole 107, beam 103 which is therefore hinged with respect to beam 104 by means of the pin 108, inserted in the holes 106 and 107, beam 103 which is therefore free to oscillate around the axis 109, in which the at least one plate 105 and the beam 103 comprise respectively at least one hole 110, 111, in which the operator, after having opened the beam 103, inserts the safety pin 112 therein, in order to firmly hold the beam 103 in the open position, support structure 101 which comprises at least one female element 113, which mates in a sliding and precise manner with the at least one beam 104, in which at least one female element 113 also comprises at least one plate 105 which includes at least one hole 106, support structure 101 in wherein the beam 102 comprises a hole 107, beam 102 which is then hinged with the female element 113 by means of the pin 108, inserted in the holes 106 and 107, beam 102 which is therefore free to oscillate around the axis 147, in which the at least a plate 105 and the beam 102 respectively have at least one hole 110, 111, in which the operator, after having opened the beam 102, inserts the safety pin 112 therein, in order to firmly hold the beam 102 in the open position, support 101 in which the at least one female element 113 comprises at least a quick clamping device 20, 21, which generates a quick connection of the beam 102 with respect to the at least one beam 104, in which the at least one beam 102 can be made to slide rapidly to the at least one beam 104, depending on the width of the reel (s) 3, and then securely locked by hand by the operator in the working position, by means of at least one quick clamping device 20, 21, 4 - Trolley 1 for lifting, the transport and unwinding of reels 3 of cables, ropes or the like, in accordance with 1 or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the lifting structure 12 comprises at least one lever 25 hinged at one end in the axis 26 on the support structure 11 of the trolley, in which the other end of the at least one lever 25 has at least one hook-shaped element 27, adapted to contain the cylindrical element 28 around which the at least one reel 3 rotates, lifting structure 12 in which the at least a lever 25 comprises at least one pin 38 firmly fixed to said at least one lever 25, pin 38 on which the lifting force is applied, lifting structure 12 which comprises a telescopic screw device 33, operated with handle 34, the lower part of which and hinged on the support structure 11 of the trolley, and the upper part of which is hinged in said at least one pin 38, in which, through the manual rotation of the handle 34, the operator it safely and accurately and seamlessly raises / lowers the reel (s) 3 of any diameter. 5- Trolley 1 for lifting, transporting and unwinding reels 3 of cables, ropes or the like, in accordance with 1 or more of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that it comprises at least one manual hydraulic lifting device 114, device 114 which comprises at least one oil tank 116, at least one manual hydraulic pump 117, at least one two-way distributor 118, at least one hydraulic cylinder 115, hinged as already described for the telescopic device 33, in which the at least one cylinder 115 is connected with the power supply through flexible pipes 119, in order to compensate for the variation in distance between the beams 18,102,103, 94, 155, pipes which are connected by means of quick couplings with a non-return valve 120, in which the operator performs safely with ease and precision the lifting of the reel / s 3, without interruption, by repeatedly lowering and raising the lever 121 of the pump 117, in which the operator performs the lowering of the reel (s) 3, by acting on the unloading lever 122 of the hydraulic pump 117, in which the operator manually engages the quick couplings 120 with a non-return valve, so as to safely disconnect the hydraulic system, in order to to detach and / or fold the support 11, 101 from the lifting structure 12, 91, 151, in order to simplify the operations of transport or storage of the trolley 1 in the warehouse. 6- Trolley 1 for lifting, transporting and unwinding reels 3 of cables, ropes or the like, in accordance with 1 or more of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that it comprises at least one motorized hydraulic lifting device 123, device 123 which comprises at least one oil tank 116, at least one hydraulic pump 124, at least one energy source 126, at least one valve 127 with control lever 128, at least one two-way distributor 125, at least one hydraulic cylinder 115, hinged as already for the telescopic lifting device 33, in which the at least one cylinder 115 is connected to the power supply by means of flexible pipes 119, so as to compensate for the variation in distance between the beams 18, 102, 103, 94, 155, pipes which they are connected by means of quick couplings with a non-return valve 120, in which the operator safely and precisely carries out the lifting or lowering of the reel (s) 3, without solution of accounts by acting on the lever 128 of the valve 127, in which the operator manually activates the quick couplings 120 with a non-return valve, in order to safely disconnect the hydraulic system, in order to detach and / or fold the support 11, 101 by the lifting structure 12, 91, 151, in order to simplify the operations of transport or storage of the trolley 1 in the warehouse. 7- Trolley 1 for lifting, transporting and unwinding reels 3 of cables, ropes or the like, in accordance with 1 or more of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that it comprises a cylindrical element 28 on which the reel (s) 3 rotates , which smoothly and accurately receives the cones 45, 46, whose conical surface adapts to the different internal diameters of the reel (s) 3, and avoids irreversible driving effects in the reels, cones having at least one slot 47, from at least a hole 48, holes 48 which receive at least one screw and eccentric closure device 49 50 with folding lever 51, folding lever 51 on which the operator applies a force by hand, and obtains, by elastic deformation, the connection of the cone / 45, 46 to the tubular element 28. 8- Trolley 1 for lifting, transporting and unwinding reels 3 of cables, ropes or the like, in accordance with 1 or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least one disccentering and braking 44, firmly bound with the cylindrical element 28 to which the reel / s 3 rotates, disk 44 which prevents both the lateral sliding of the reel / s 3 and unwanted unwinding of the reel / s 3 itself. 9- Trolley 1 for lifting, transporting and unwinding reels 3 of cables, ropes or the like, in accordance with 1 or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least one unwinding and safety brake assembly 13, which comprises at least one braking plate 55, free to rotate around axis 54, unwinding and safety brake assembly 13 which includes at least one anti-friction plate 69, braking plate 55 which has a fork 57 at the opposite end which it has an opening of width 61, greater than the diameter of the tubular element 28, fork 57 which includes at least one hole 58, braking plate 55 which includes at least one quick clamping device 62 with cup springs 67, plate 55 which is made rotate on the axis 54 until the fork 57 is positioned around the tubular element 28, until the rapid clamping device 62 is screwed into the relative threaded hole 65, the rapid clamping device 62 which gradually closed by hand by the operator, to create an adequate friction force between the anti-friction plates 69 and the centering and braking disc 44, a force that is such as to prevent unwanted unwinding of the reel / s 3 itself. 10- Trolley 1 for lifting, transporting and unwinding reels 3 of cables, ropes or the like, in accordance with 1 or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least one unwinding and safety brake assembly 131, which comprises at least one braking plate 132, free to oscillate around axis 137, unwinding and safety brake assembly 131 which includes at least one anti-friction plate 140 and at least one hole 145, braking plate 132 which has at least one roller 141 free to rotate around axis 142, braking plate 132 which comprises at least one quick clamping device 136 with at least one spring 148 quick clamping device 136 which is gradually closed by hand by the operator, to create an adequate pulling force the at least one roller 141, the anti-friction jacket 140 and the centering and braking disk 44, a force which is such as to prevent unwanted unwinding of the reel / s 3 itself. 11 - Trolley 1 for lifting, transporting and unwinding reels 3 of cables, ropes or the like, in accordance with 1 or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has at least one hole 58, 145, in which the operator places the at least one safety pin, 59, 139 in the relative hole / s 58, 145 of the plate 55, 139, in function of anti-fall safety of the reel / s 3. 12- Trolley 1 for lifting, transport and the unwinding of reels 3 of cables, ropes or the like, in accordance with 1 or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises the lifting structure 91 which comprises at least one lever 93 hinged at one end in the axis 95 integral with the respective beam 94 of the carriage support 1, lever 93 which is free to oscillate about axis 95, lever 93 which is hinged at the other end in axis 96 with the hook-shaped element 92 adapted to receive the element cylindrical 28 around which the coil (s) 3 rotates, element a f hook track 92 therefore free to oscillate around the same axis 96, lifting structure 91 which then comprises at least one lever 97 hinged at one end in the axis 98 integral with the respective beam 94 of the support structure of the trolley 1, lever 97 which is free to oscillate around said axis 98, lever 97 which is hinged at the other end in axis 99 with the hook-shaped element 92, therefore free to oscillate around said axis 99, lifting structure 91 in wherein the orientation of the hook-shaped element 92 remains unchanged, regardless of the height position in which it is in space. 13- Trolley 1 for lifting, transporting and unwinding reels 3 of cables, ropes or the like, in accordance with 1 or more of the preceding claims, characterized by comprising the lifting structure 151, which comprises at least one cylindrical beam 154 which has the axis 152, lifting structure 151 which includes at least one lifting lever 153 which has at least one hole 156, hole 156 having dimensions just larger than the external diameter of cylindrical beam 154, in which lever 153 is hinged on cylindrical beam 154 through hole 156, in which axis 152 therefore also represents the fulcrum of oscillation of at least one lifting lever 153. CLAIMS of the invention entitled: CARRIER FOR LIFTING, TRANSPORTING AND UNWINDING REEL / S OF CABLES, ROPES, OR THE LIKE. 1- Carrier 1 for the lifting, transporting, unwinding of reels 3 of cables, ropes or the like, that comprises one or more wheels 17, 23, at least a group for the manual positioning 14, at least a cylindrical element 28 on which turns the at least a reel / s 3, characterized by the fact that it comprises at least a structure of supporting 11, 101 that comprises at least an adjustable supporting device 24 to give stability to the carrier 1, structure of supporting 11, 101 that comprises at least a beam 18, 102, 103, 94, 155 of supporting, in which the position in the space of said at least a beam 18, 102, 103, 94, 155 of supporting of said at least a reel / s 3 , varies quickly respect to the carrier 1 itself, with the aim to adapt itself to the different widths of the reel / s 3, in which said at least a beam 18, 102, 103, 94, 155 of supporting are quickly detachable and / or slidable and / or foldable, with the aim to adapt themselves to the transportation necessities and / or to the storage nece ssities of said carrier 1, at least a structure of lifting 12, 91, 151, in which the position in the space of the at least a cylindrical element 28 on which turns the at least a reel / s 3, varies quickly without solution of continuity with the aim to adapts itself to the different diameters of the reel / s 3, at least a device for lifting 33, 114, 123, in which the energy used is manual, and / or pneumatic, and / or hydraulic, and / or electrical energy and so on, at least a group of unwinding and safety braking 13, 131, In which the diameter on which the at least a reel / s 3 is installed varies quickly and is adaptable quickly to the different diameters of the inner hole of the at least a reel / s 3, in which the resistance to the rotation of the at least a reel / s 3 is quickly adjustable by means of at least a quick clamping device 62, 136, at least a device to avoid the falling of the reel / s 3 out of the carrier 1 itself, that comprises at least a stud 59, 144, at least a group for pulling 15 t he carrier 1 and at least a group of supplementary wheels 84, to permit the pulling of said carrier 1 with a traditional means of transportation, in which said groups are quickly connectable and detachable respect to the carrier 1, at least a portion 150 for the lifting and / or the transporting of the carrier 1 with means of transportation with forks, as fork lift trucks, tractors, quad, and the like, in which the use of said earner 1 itself, doesn't require for the operator the use of other keys and / or instruments. 2- Carrier 1 for the lifting, transporting, unwinding of reels 3 of cables, ropes or the like, according with claim 1, characterized by the fact that the structure of supporting 11 comprises at least a beam 16 and at least a beam 18, beam 18 that comprises at least a female element 19 that fits in a sliding and precise way with the at least a beam 16, in which said at least a female element 19 comprises at least a quick clamping device 20, 21, that generates the quick connection of the beam 18 respect to the at least a beam 16, in which toe at least a beam 18 are able to be quickly moved in a slidable way with respect to toe at least a beam 16, according with the width of the reel / s 3, and then firmly blocked by hand in their working position by the operator, by means of said at least a quick clamping device 20, 21. 3- Carrier 1 for the lifting, transporting, unwinding of reels 3 of cables, ropes or the like, according with claim 1, characterized by the fact that comprises the struct ure of supporting 101 that comprises at least a beam 104, 102 and 103, in which said beam 104 comprises at one side at least a plate 105 that comprises at least a hole 106, in which the beam 103 comprises at least a hole 107, beam 103 that is hinged respect to toe beam 104 by means of the stud 108, installed across toe holes 106 and 107, beam 103 that, in this way, is free to oscillate around the axis 109, in which the at least a plate 105 and the beam 103 comprise respectively at least a hole 110, 111, in which holes the operator, after having opened the beam 103, installs the stud 112, for safety, with the aim to firmly hold toe beam 103 in the opened position, structure of supporting 101 that comprises at least a female element 113, that fits in a sliding and precise way with the at least a beam 104, in which said at least a female element 113 comprises too at least a plate 105 that comprises at least a hole 106, structure of supporting 101 in which the beam 102 comprises a hole 107, beam 102 that is hinged respect to the female element 113 by means of the stud 108, placed into the holes 106 and 107, beam 102 that is free to oscillate around toe axis 147, in which the at least a plate 105 and the beam 102 comprise respectively at least a hole 110, 111, in which said holes the operator, after having opened the beam 102, installs the stud 112, for safety, with the aim to firmly hold the beam 102 in the opened position, structure of supporting 101 in which said at least a female element 113 comprises at least a quick clamping device 20, 21, that generates toe quick connection of the beam 102 respect to toe at least a beam 104, in which the at least a beam 102 are able to be quickly moved in a slidable way with respect to the at least a beam 104, according with the width of the reel / s 3, and then firmly blocked by hand in the working position by the operator, by means of said at least a quick clamping device 20, 21. 4- Carrier 1 for the lifting, transporting, unwindin g of reels 3 of cables, ropes or toe like, according with one or more of the previous claims, characterized by the fact that the structure of lifting 12 comprises at least a lever 25 hinged ad one end into the axis 26 respect to the structure of supporting 11 of toe carrier, in which toe other end of the at least a lever 25 presents at ieast an element in shape of hook 27, to contain the cylindrical element 28 on which turns the at least a reel / s 3, structure of lifting 12 in which the at least a lever 25 comprises at Ieast a stud 38 firmly connected with said lever / s 25, stud 38 on which the strength of lifting is applied, structure of lifting 12 that comprises a telescopic device 33 with screw, moved by the handle 34, in which the lower part is hinged respect to the structure of supporting 11 of the carrier, and in which its upper part is hinged with said at Ieast a stud 38, in which the operator, with the manual rotation of the handle 34, performs the lifting / lowering of the reel / s 3, of any diameter, without solution of continuity, in a safe, easy and precise way. 5- Carrier 1 for the lifting, transporting, unwinding of reels 3 of cables, ropes or the like, according with one or more of the previous claims, characterized by the fact that comprises at least a manual hydraulic lifting device 114, device 114 that comprises at least a tank for oil 116, at least a manual hydraulic pump 117, at least a two-ways distributor 118, at least a hydraulic cylinder 115, hinged as described for the telescopic device 33, in which the at least a cylinder 115 is connected with the energy supply by means of flexible piping 119, to compensate the variation of distance among the beams 18,102,103, 94, 155, piping that are connected by means of quick coupling connections with no-return valve 120, in which the operator, pulling continuously up and down the handle 121 of the pump 117, performs the lifting of the reel / s 3, without solution of continuity, in a safe, easy and precise way, and in which the operator performs the lowering of the reel / s 3, acting on the discha rge lever 122 of the hydraulic pump 117, in which the operator disengages by hand the quick coupling connections with no-return valve 120, to interrupt in a safe way the hydraulic circuit, in order to detach and / or to fold the structure of supporting 11, 101 from the structure of lifting 12,91, 151, with toe aim to simplify the transport or the storage of the carrier 1 itself. 6- Carrier 1 for the lifting, transporting, unwinding of reels 3 of cables, ropes or the like, according with one or more of the previous claims, characterized by the fact that comprises at least a motorized hydraulic lifting device 123, device that comprises at least a tank for oil 116, at least a hydraulic pump 124, at least an energy supply 126, at least a valve 127 with an operation Sever 128, at least a two-ways distributor 125, at least a hydraulic cylinder 115, hinged as described for the telescopic device 33 for lifting, in which the at least a cylinder 115 is connected with the energy supply by means of flexible piping 119, to compensate the variation of distance among the beams 18,102,103, 94, 155, piping that are connected by means of quick coupling connections with no-return valve 120, in which the operator, acting on the operation lever 128 of the valve 127, performs the lilting or the lowering of the reel / s 3, without solution of continuity, in a safe , easy and precise wa y, in which the operator disengages by hand the quick coupling connections with no-return valve 120, to interrupt in a safe way the hydraulic circuit, in order to detach and / or to fold the structure of supporting 11, 101 from the structure of lifting 12, 91, 51, with the aim to simplify the transport or the storage of the carrier 1 itself. 7- Carrier 1 for the lifting, transporting, unwinding of reels 3 of cables, ropes or the like, according with one or more of the previous claims, characterized by the fact that comprises a cylindrical element 28 on which turns the at least a reel / s 3, that receives in a slidable and precise way the adapting cones 45, 46, in which its conical surface adapts itself to the different inner diameters of the reel / s 3, and avoid irreversible effects of locking into the reel / s, cones that present at least a cut 47, crossed by at least a hole 48, holes 48 that receive at least a quick clamping device 49 with screw and eccentric 50 with foldable handle 51, foldable handle 51 on which the operator applies a strength by hand , to get, thanks to the elastic deformation, the connection between the cone / s 45, 46 and the cylindrical element 28. 8- Carrier 1 for the lifting, transporting, unwinding of reels 3 of cables, ropes or the like, according with one or more of the previous claims, characterized by the fact that comprises at least a disc for centering and braking 44, firmly connected with the cylindrical element 28 on which turns the at least a reel / s 3, disc 44 that avoids both the lateral sliding of the reel / s 3 and the unexpected unwinding of the reel / s 3. 9- Carrier 1 for the lifting, transporting, unwinding of reels 3 of cables, ropes or the like, according with one or more of the previous claims, characterized by the fact that comprises at least a group of unwinding and safety braking 13, that comprises at least a braking plate 55, free to oscillate around the axis 54, group of unwinding and safety braking 13 that comprises at least an anti-friction plate 69, braking plate 55 that presents at the opposite end a fork 57 that presents an opening portion of width 61, bigger than the diameter of the cylindrical element 28, fork 57 that comprises at least a hole 58, braking plate 55 that comprises at least a quick clamping device 62 with springs 67, plate 55 that is turned ar ound the axis 54 till to put the fork 57 around the cylindrical element 28, till to screw the quick clamping device 62 into the related threaded hole 65, quick clamping device 62 that is gradually closed by the operator by hand, to create an adequate strength of friction among the anti-friction plates 69 and the disc for centering and braking 44, strength that avoid the unexpected unwinding of the reel / s 3 itself. 10- Carrier 1 for the lifting, transporting, unwinding of reels 3 of cables, ropes or the like, according with one or more of the previous claims, characterized by the fact that comprises at least a group of unwinding and safety braking 131, that comprises at least a braking plate 132, free to oscillate around the axis 137, group of unwinding and safety braking 131 that comprises at least an anti-friction plate 140 and at least a hole 145, braking plate 132 that presents at least a roller 141 free to rotate around the axis 142, braking plate 132 that comprises at least a quick clamping device 136 with at least a spring 148, quick clamping device 62 that is gradually closed by the operator by hand, to create an adequate strength of friction among the at least a roller 141, the antifriction plate 140 and the disc for centering and braking 44, strength that avoid the unexpected unwinding of the reel / s 3 itself. 11- Carrier 1 for the lifting, transporting, unwinding of reels 3 of cables, ropes or the like, according with one or more of the previous claims, characterized by the fact that presents at least a hole 58, 145, in which the operator installs the at least a safety stud 59, 144 into the related hole / s 58, 145 of the plate 55, 139, in order to avoid the falling of the reel / s 3. 12- Carrier 1 for the lifting, transporting, unwinding of reels 3 of cables, ropes or the like, according with one or more of the previous claims, characterized by the fact that comprises the structure of lifting 91 that comprises at least a lever 93 hinged at one end into the axis 95 connected with the related beam 94 of the structure of support of the carrier 1, lever 93 that is free to oscillate around said axis 95, lever 93 that is hinged at the other end into the axis 96 with the hook 92 that receives die cylindrical element 28 on which turns the reel / s 3, hook 92 free to oscillate around the axis 96 itself, structure of lifting 91 that moreover comprises at least a lever 97 hinged at one end into the axis 98 connected with the related beam 94 of the structure of support of the carrier 1, lever 97 that is free to oscillate around said axis 98, lever 97 that is hinged at the other end into the axis 99 with the hook 92, consequently free to oscillate around the axis 99 itself, structure of lifting 91 in which the orientation of the hook 92 remains the same, independently from the position in height that it has into the space.13- Carrier 1 for the lifting, transporting, unwinding of reels 3 of cables, ropes or the like, according with one or more of the previous claims, characterized by the fact that comprises the structure of lifting 151, that comprises at least a cylindrical beam 154 that presents the axis 152, structure of lifting 151 that comprises at least a lever of lifting 153 that presents at least a hole 156, hole 156 slightly bigger than the external diameter of said cylindrical be am 154, in which said lever 153 is hinged on said cylindrical beam 154 by means of said hole 156, in which said axis 152 also represents the oscillating axis of said at least a lever of lifting 153.